Chapter XIV: Part II: South American Dominions (13)

_Elevation_ on the Cordillera of New Spain, at which sugar, cotton,
cacao, and indigo, and European grains flourish, i. 36.
Also pines and the banana, 37.

_Ekanfanoga_, a swamp in Florida, i. 16.

_Encomiendas_, history of, ii. 106.

_Equator_ crosses the great mountain Cayambe Urcu, i. 300.

_Eruptions_ of Cotopaxi volcano, i. 310.

_Escambia Coenecah_, river of Florida, i. 14.

_Escuintla_, district of Guatimala, i. 163.

_Espiritu Santo_, or Nassau Bay in Florida, i. 19.

_Europeans_, number of in New Spain, i. 47.
In Spanish America, ii. 319.

_European_ fruits and vegetables successfully cultivated in New
Spain, i. 38.

_Excessive_ cold experienced by the French mathematicians in measuring
the degree on the Andes, i. 302.

F

_Farallones_, rocks, Pacific Ocean, i. 200.

_Falkland_, or Malouin Isles, ii. 300.

_False_ Maranon, i. 326.

_Features_ of the country of New Spain, i. 35.
Of New Granada, 219.
Of Caraccas, ii 8.
Of Peru, 81.
Of La Plata, 161.
Of Chili, 245.

_Fernandina_, town of Florida, i. 19.

_Fernando, St._, mission of Caraccas, ii. 34.

_First_ European colony planted in the West Indies, i. 3.
On the continent of America, 179.

_Flames_, innoxious, of the Plains of Caraccas, ii. 29.

_Floating_ gardens of Mexico, i. 130.

_Floridas_, boundaries, i. 6.
Discovery of, history, 7.
Cession of to Spain, 8.
Productions, 10.
Animals, 11.
Capital of East Florida, _ib._
Capital of West Florida, 14.
Rivers and lakes, _ib._
Islands, 18.
Government, 19.
Recent events, 20.

_Florida_, town of Chili, ii. 275.
_Force_ which originally undertook the conquest of Mexico, i. 22.

_Fort Bourbon_, Spanish fort on the Paraguay, ii. 165.

_Fort Nueva Coimbra_, Portuguese settlement on the Paraguay, ii. 165.

_Fort Maullin_, Chili, ii. 286.

_Fortress_ of the Incas at Cuzco, ii. 142.

_Fresnillo_, town of New Spain, i. 99.

_Frontier_ forts of Chili, ii. 280.

_Funza_, or Bogota river, i. 266.

G

_Gallo_, Isle, Pacific Ocean, ii. 297.

_Ganges_ in India subject to the Bore, i. 332.

_Gardens_, floating, of Mexico, i, 130.

_Garito de Paramo_, highest point of the pass of Quindiu, i. 277.

_General_ History of the Indies by Las Casas, ii. 25.

_Genoese_ merchants, the first traffickers in negro slaves, ii. 23.

_Gibraltar_, city of Caraccas, ii. 63.

_Gila_ river, ancient Mexican city on its banks, i. 75.

_Girval_, voyage of, up the Maranon, ii. 151.

_Goahiros_ Indians, i. 259.

_Godin's_, Madam, journey down the Maranon, i. 331.

_Gold_, generally procured by washings in New Spain, i. 43.
Quantity of procured annually in New Spain, _ib._
Of Antioquia, 271.
Of Peru, ii. 80.

_Gold_ washings of Choco, i. 274.

_Golden Castile_, ancient denomination of Darien, &c. i. 212.

_Gonzalo Pizarro_, exploratory journey of, i. 290.

_Gorgona_, isle in the Pacific, ii. 297.

_Gracias a Dios_, town of Guatimala, i. 175.

---- ---- ---- _Cape_, named by Columbus, i. 210.

_Granada_, New. See _New_ Granada.

----, Town of Guatimala, i. 168.

_Grand Manamo_, a mouth of the Orinoco, ii. 41.

_Grand Para_, a name of the Maranon, i. 326.

_Grant_ made to Cortez of part of Oaxaca, i. 154.

_Guacas_, or tumuli of the ancient Peruvians, ii. 105.

_Guacharo_ cavern and birds, ii. 37.

_Guadalaxara_, audience of, i. 99.
Intendancy of, _ib._
Boundaries, extent, _ib._
Population, productions, rivers, volcanoes, lakes, capital, and
towns, 101.

----, city of New Spain, scite, fertility of the country, extent,
inhabitants, climate, buildings, &c., i. 100.

_Guadelupe_, Isle, Pacific, i. 200.

_Guadiano_, or Durango river. See _Durango_.

_Guahibos_ Indians, ii. 68.

_Guallaga_, river of Peru, ii. 127.

_Gualgayoc_, mines of Peru, ii. 79.

_Guamanga_, city of Peru, scite, climate, buildings, mines,
foundation, population, ii. 138.

----, intendancy of Peru, ii. 138.

_Guamoco_, town of New Granada, i. 251.

_Guana_, or Edible Lizard, i. 234.

_Guanabana_, i. 245.

_Guanacas_ mountain, i. 221.
Pass of the, 276.

_Guanara_, town of Caraccas, ii. 52.

_Guanahani_, or Cat Island, first land discovered by Columbus, i. 2.

_Guanaxuato_, intendancy of, i. 102.
City of New Spain, _ib._
Mines produce twice us much as Potosi, 43.

_Guancavelica_, intendancy of Peru, ii. 134.
Mines of Peru, 135.
City of Peru, scite, buildings, height, population, 136.

_Guanchaco_, port of Truxillo, in Peru, ii. 124.

_Guanta_, town of Peru, ii. 139.

_Guanuco_, city and district of Peru, ii. 129.

_Guanucos_, or Peruvian sheep, ii. 264.

_Guara_, town of Peru, ii. 131.

_Guarania_, territory of La Plata, ii. 228.

_Guarapiche_, river of Caraccas, ii. 36. 42.

_Guarico_ river, ii. 46.

_Guarisamey_ mines of New Spain, i. 95.

_Guarochiri_, district and town of Peru, ii. 132.

_Guarounoes_ Indians, ii. 12.

_Guarpes_ Indians, ii. 215.

_Guasco_, port of Chili, ii. 265.

_Guascualco_ isles, gulf of Mexico, i. 194.

_Guastays_, ancient princes of Quito, i. 284.

_Guatavita_ lake, of New Granada, i. 266.

_Guatimala_, captain-generalship of, captain-general, i. 158.
Sub-divisions of, productions, climate, features, royal audience, 159.
Capital, 160.

----, proper, provinces of, i. 161.

----, city of, scite, archbishopric, university, trade, foundation,
earthquake, inhabitants, i. 160.

_Guatimozin_, Emperor of Mexico, defends the capital against Cortez,
is taken prisoner, and tortured, i. 29. 118.

_Guaxaca._ See _Oaxaca_.

_Guayaquil_, jurisdiction of New Granada, i. 310.

---- city, scite, foundation, buildings, streets, i. 314.
Fortifications, population, 315.
Trade, 318.

---- river, i. 313.

_Guayecas_ Indians, ii. 71.

_Guayna Patina_, volcano of Peru, ii. 148.

_Guayqueria_ Indians, ii. 12. 26.

_Guayra_, river of Caraccas, ii. 46.

----, port of Caraccas, ii. 7.
_Guemul_, singular Chilian animal, ii. 256.

_Guerra_, voyage of, to explore the coast of Caraccas, ii. 19.

_Guiana_, or Spanish Guiana, extent and boundaries, ii. 69.
Population, divisions, 70.
History, El Dorado, Guayecas, and sources of the Orinoco, 71.
Rivers, capital, 72.

_Guiges_, river of Caraccas, ii. 45.

_Guipuscoa_ company, ii. 48.

_Gulf_ stream, i. 184.

H

_Hambato_, town of New Granada, i. 307.

_Hatun Potocsi_, mountain in which the mines of Potosi are
worked, ii. 175.

_Havannah_, captain-generalship of, i. 187.

---- city, scite, harbour, i. 188.
Fortifications, dockyard, commerce, manners and customs of the
inhabitants, 189.
Attacks on, by different powers, and population, 190.

---- harbour, i. 188.

_Hayti_, or _Hispaniola_, discovery of, i. 3.

_Hiaqui_, district of New Spain, i. 89.
River of New Spain, _ib._

_Hispaniola_, or _St. Domingo_, first settlement of Europeans in
America, i. 3.

_History_ of Florida, i. 7.
Of New Spain, 21.
Of Mexico, 103.
Of Caraccas, ii. 2.
Of Peru and of Spanish America, 83-114.
Of the present disturbances in Spanish America, 108.
Of Buenos Ayres, 156.
Of Paraguay, 195.
Of the Jesuit settlements in Paraguay, 220.
Of Chili, 231.

_Honda_, town of New Granada, i. 269.

_Honduras_, province of, boundaries, extent, history, climate, i. 169.
Productions, mahogany felling, and mahogany tree, 170.
Logwood, mosquito, shore, Indians, 171.
Chief town, &c., 175.

----, bay of, i. 173.

----, English factories of, Balize, i. 173.

_Honey_ and wax, immense quantities produced in New Spain, i. 40.

_Horses_, wild, in New Spain, i. 40.

_Hostimuri_, town of, New Spain, i. 92.

_Huailas_, town and district of Peru, ii. 129.

_Huamalies_, town and district of Peru, ii. 128.

_Huana Capac_, 13th Inca of Peru, ii. 86.

---- Inca, conquest of Quito by, i. 284.

_Huantajaya_, mines of Peru, ii. 80.

_Huascar_, or Inti Cusi Hualpa, 14th Inca of Peru, ii. 86.

----, History of, i. 286.

_Huasacualco_, river of New Spain, i. 149.

_Huexotzinco_ republic, i. 104.

----, town of New Spain, i. 143.

_Huilies_, Peruvian gold works, ii. 80.

_Huilquilemu_, province of Chili, ii. 279.

_Humboldt_'s journey to explore the Orinoco, ii. 71.

_Huncahua_, king of the Muyscas, i. 218.

I and J

_Jaen de Bracamoros_, government of New Granada, i. 321.

----, city of New Granada, i. 321.

_Jalap_ takes its name from Xalapa, i 39.

_Jauru_, river, and pyramid of La Plata, ii. 164.

_Jaguar_, or American tiger, i. 242. ii. 35. 217.

_Ibague_, town of New Granada, i 280.

_Iberi_, lake of La Plata, ii. 163.

_Ica_, or Putumayo river, i. 327. 332.

----, town and district of Peru, ii. 133.

_Icononzo_, natural bridges of, i. 265.

_Jesuits_, discoveries of the, in California, i. 78.

----, history of their settlements in Paraguay, ii. 220.

_Illimani_, mountain of La Plata, ii. 183.

_Illinissa_ mountain, i. 300.

_Imposible_ mountain, road over, ii. 30.

_Incas_ of Peru, ii. 84.

_Inca_ Roca, 6th Peruvian monarch, ii 85.

---- Ripac, 8th ditto, ii. 85.

---- Urca, 9th ditto, ii. 85.

---- Yupanqui, partially subdues the Chilese, ii. 232.

_Indians_, independent, in New Spain, i. 49.

---- tribute levied in Mexico, i. 52.
Method of catching wild geese, 243.
Method of snaring the alligator, 318.

---- Chili, or Araucania, ii. 287.

_Indians_, numbers of, in New Spain, i. 49.
Description of, 50.

---- of Peru, ii. 105.
Of Caraccas, ii. 12.

_Inscription_ on the tomb of Columbus, i. 211.

----, commemorative of the Geodesic operations in Quito, i. 297.

_Insular_ Chili, ii. 282.

_Intendancies_, number of, in New Spain, i. 32.

_Joanes_ island, at the mouth of the Maranon, i. 329.

_Jorullo_, volcano of, New Spain, i. 135.

_Ipava_ lake, source of the Orinoco, ii. 10.

_Ipire_, river of Caraccas, ii. 41.

_Isabella_, first town founded in the New World, i. 3.

_Isabella_ isle, Pacific, i. 201.

_Islands_, on the coasts of Florida, i. 18.
On the coasts of New Spain and Guatimala, 192.
In the Gulf of California, 200.
Revillagegido, 202.
On the coasts of South America, ii. 294.

_Isthmus_ of Darien, or Panama, i. 232.

_Itaquiri_, river of La Plata, ii. 165.

_Itata_, province of Chili, ii 276.

_Itzcoatl_, king of Mexico, i. 110.

_Itzli_ stone, i. 125.

_Juan Fernandez_ isle, ii. 294.

---- _de Grijalva_, discovery of Mexico by, i. 117.

---- _de Ulua isle_, gulf of Mexico, i. 193.

---- _Rodriguez Cabrillo_ isle, Pacific, i. 200.

_Juanico_ isle, Pacific Ocean, i. 201.

_Juruay_ river, ii. 194.

_Jutay_ river, ii. 195.

_Iztaccihuatl_, mountain of New Spain, i. 141.

L

_La Guayra_, port of, Caraccas, scite, distance from Caraccas,
fortifications, ii. 7.
Harbour, population, commerce, 8.

_La Paz_, province of La Plata, ii. 182.

----, or Chuquiavo, city of La Plata, foundation, scite, ii. 182.
Climate, buildings, trade, population, 183.

_La Plata_, viceroyalty of. See _Buenos Ayres_.

----, town of New Granada, i. 281.

---- isle, in the Pacific, ii. 297.

_La Purissima Concepcion de Catorce_ mine, profits of, i. 44.

---- _Serena_, or Coquimbo, city of Chili, ii. 266.

---- _de Tierra_ isle, in the Pacific, ii. 295.

_Lake Ipava_, source of the Orinoco, ii. 10.

---- _Putucuao_, ii. 40.

---- _Chucuito_, or _Titicaca_, ii. 168. 185.

---- _Maracaybo_, ii. 15.

---- _Parima_ ii. 17.

---- _Parina Cocha_, ii. 140.

---- _Valencia_, ii. 16.

---- _Xarayes_, ii. 162.

---- _Guatavita_, i. 266.

---- _George_, i. 17.

---- _Tezcuco_, i. 129.

---- _Chalco_, i. 130.

---- _St. Cristoval_, i. 130.

---- _Zumpango_, i. 130.

---- _Cayman_, i. 46. 94.

---- _Parras_, i. 94.

---- _Chapala_, i. 46. 100.

_Lakes_ of New Spain, i. 46.

---- of Caraccas, ii. 15.

_Lambayeque_, town of Peru, ii. 123.

_Lampa_, district of Peru, ii. 146.

----, city of La Plata or Peru, ii. 190.

_Land_ of the missions, or Colonna, ii. 154.

_Land-crabs,_ natural history of, i. 181.

_Language_ of the Indians of Caraccas, ii. 13. Of Peru, 154.
Of Chili, 253.

_Lanthorns_ of Maracaybo lake, ii. 16.

_Laqui_, singular method of catching animals with, ii. 254.

_Laricaxas_, district and town of La Plata, ii. 184.

_Las Casas_, Bishop of Chiapa, styled Protector of the Indians,
history of, ii. 21.

_Las Corientes_, city of La Plata, ii. 227.

_Latacunga_, district and city of New Granada, i. 305.

_Lauricocha_, or False Maranon, i. 326. ii. 128.

---- mines of Peru, ii. 79.

_Lautaro_, toqui of the Chilese, ii. 239.

_Lemui_, isle of the Archipelago of Chiloe, ii. 287.

_Leon_, city of Guatimala, i. 167.

----, New, province of New Spain, i. 97.

_Lerma_, river of New Spain, i. 134.

_Lianas_, beautiful parasitical plants, ii. 33.

_Lican_, ancient name of Quito, i. 284.

_Lima_, intendancy of Peru, districts of, boundaries, history, chief
town, and towns, ii. 130, 131.

----, scite, foundation, ii. 114.
Public edifices, universities, viceroys, 115.
Courts of justice, palace, mint, suburbs, pomp of the church
ceremonies, manners and customs of the inhabitants, population,
climate, 116.
Earthquake, commerce, port, river, 118.

_Linares_, town of New Spain, i. 98.

_Lincopichion_, toqui of the Chilese, ii. 242.

_Lincoyan_, ditto ditto, ii. 237.

_Lipes_, district and town of La Plata, ii. 178.

_Llachi_, isle of the Archipelago of Chiloe, ii. 287.

_Llamas_, or Peruvian sheep, ii. 255.

_Llano del Corazon_, plain of Popayan, i. 281.

_Lloque Yupanqui_, 3d Inca of Peru, ii. 85.

_Llulia_ and Chiloas, district of Peru, i. 126.

_Lobos_ isles, Pacific, ii. 297.

----, isle of the Rio de la Plata, ii. 300.

_Logwood_ trees, i. 171.

_Longavi_, mountain of Chili, ii. 249.

_Londres_, town of La Plata, ii. 213.

_Lora_, town of Chili, ii. 275.

_Loretto_, mission of, California, i. 78.

_Los Charcas._ See _Charcas_.

_Los Llanos_, or the Plains of Caraccas, ii. 9.

_Los Llanitos_, mountains of New Spain, i. 102.

_Los Paredones_, ruins of an ancient Peruvian palace, i. 309.

_Los Santos_, town of New Granada, i. 239.

_Lucanas_, district of Peru, ii. 140.

M

_Macanao_, Cape, Margarita isle, ii. 298.

_Macareo_, a mouth of the Orinoco, ii. 41.

_Macas_, town and province of New Granada, i. 335.

_Maccabaw_ snuff, origin of the name, ii. 64.

_Madera_ river, i. 328. ii. 194.

_Magalhaens_, discovery of the passage into the South Pacific by, ii.
292.

_Magdalena_, Rio Grande de, i. 246. 254.

_Magnificent_ gift sent to Cortez by Montezuma, i. 23.

_Maguey_, or Agave, i. 39. 84.

_Mahogany_ trees, i. 171.

_Maita Capac_, 4th Inca of Peru, ii. 85.

_Maize_, plantations of, support the Indians in New Spain, i. 37. Sugar
made from its stalks by the Mexicans, 38.

_Maldonado_, city of La Plata, ii. 227.

_Malpays_, i. 136.

_Mama Oello_, ii. 84.

_Mameis_, i. 245.

_Mamore_ river, ii. 194.

_Manati_, or sea cow, i. 333.

_Mançanillo_, or poison apple, i. 242.

_Manco Capac_, 1st Sovereign of Peru, ii. 84.

---- ----, 16th Inca of Peru, ii. 86. 97.

_Mandiha_, lake of La Plata, ii. 163.

_Manflos_, mountain of Chili, ii. 249.

_Manioc_, cultivation of, in New Spain, i. 37.

_Manoa_, or El Dorado, pretended city of Guiana, ii. 71.

_Manta_, flat fish, destructive to pearl divers, i. 235.

---- _blancas_, offensive little insects, i. 244.

_Manzanares_, river of Caraccas, ii. 42.

_Mapimis_, Fort de, in New Spain, i. 94.

_Maracay_, town of Caraccas, ii. 54.

_Maracaybo_, province of Caraccas, boundaries, soil, population, Indian
towns on the lake, ii. 58. History, rivers, 59. Climate, capital, 60.
Towns, 63.

----, city of Caraccas, scite, climate, buildings, ii. 60. Foundation,
population, slaves, ship-building, manners and customs of the
inhabitants, 61. History of the plunder of by the bucaniers, 62.

---- lake, ii. 15.

_Maranon_ river, description of, i. 325.

_Margarita_ island, Caribbean sea, situation, discovery, ii. 73. Ports,
population, commerce, climate, soil, capital, recent events, 74.

---- island, Pacific Ocean, i. 200.

_Maria de Escobar_, sows the first wheat in Peru, ii. 131.

_Marias, Las Tres_, isles, Pacific Ocean, i. 201.

_Mariguitar_, village of Caraccas, ii. 40.

_Mariquita_, town of New Granada, i. 269.

_Maruisas_, a mouth of the Orinoco, ii. 41.

_Marquess del Valle de Oaxaca_, title granted to Cortez, i. 30.

_Mas-afuera_ isle, Pacific Ocean, ii. 295.

_Mataguayos_ Indians, ii. 211.

_Matte_, or Paraguay tea, ii. 200.

_Maule_, district of Chili, ii. 274.

_Mausolea_ of Chachapoyas in Peru, ii. 104.

_Maynas_, province of New Granada, i. 324.

_Mayo_, district and river of New Spain, i. 89.

_Maypure_ cataract, i. 221.

_Mayros_ Indians, ii. 154.

_Measurement_ of a degree of the meridian in Quito, i. 297.

_Mechoacan._ See _Valladolid_.

_Medellin_, birth-place of Cortez, i. 21.

_Melipilla_, city and province of Chili, ii. 270.

_Menchuan_ isle, Pacific, ii. 287.

_Mendoza_, city of La Plata, ii. 218.

_Mentuosa_, isle, Pacific, i. 203.

_Mercaderes_, town of Popayan, limit of Peruvian conquests, i. 281.

_Mercury_ of Antioquia, i. 272.

----, quantity used in the Mexican mines, i. 44.

_Merida_, province of New Spain. See _Yucatan_.

----, city of New Spain, i. 158.

----, province of New Granada, i. 261.

----, city of New Granada, i. 262.

_Mestizoes_ of New Spain, i. 47.

_Meta_ river, ii. 67.

_Method_ of travelling over the passes of Popayan, i. 277. The plains
of La Plata, ii. 209. 222.

---- of carrying the post letters in Quito, i. 323.

_Mexicana_ river, i. 5.

_Mexico_, viceroyalty of. See _New Spain_.

----, intendancy of, boundaries, ancient and modern history of, i. 103.
Climate, produce, animals, 122. Minerals, 125. Ancient inhabitants,
126. Features, 129. Antiquities, 132. Towns, 133.

----, New, province of, extent, boundaries, features, i. 68. Climate,
capital, towns, 69. Mines, population, rivers, 70. Indians, 71.
Antiquities, 75.

----, city of, attack and capture of by Cortez, i. 29. Description of,
scite, architecture of the public edifices, &c., i. 57. Population,
58. Market-place, aqueducts, police, municipal body, courts of
justice, 59. Viceroy's court and splendour, 60. Troops, archbishopric,
clergy, ecclesiastical courts, university, 61. Colleges, patron saint,
character of the people, 62. Manners and customs, 63. Scenery in the
vicinity, 64. Public walks, climate, 65. Antiquities, lakes, 66.
Lazaroni, 67.

_Mexicans_, ancient, i. 119. Modern, 125.

_Mexitli_, the Mexican god of war, i. 57.

_Michuacan_ kingdom, i. 104.

_Micuipampa_, mines of, Peru, ii. 79. Town of, Peru, 125.

_Mimbrenos Apaches_ Indians, i. 73.

_Minas_, basin of, in Nova Scotia, subject to the bore, i 332.

_Mineral_ pitch of Maracaybo, ii. 16.

_Mines_ of New Spain, many abandoned for want of proper machinery,
number of, i. 42. The most valuable of, 43.

---- of New Granada, i. 214.

---- of Peru, produce of, ii. 78. Description of, ii. 79.

---- of talc in La Plata, ii. 184.

---- of La Plata, produce of, ii. 167.

---- of Potosi, ii. 174.

---- del Azogue, in La Plata, ii. 187.

---- of Salcedo, in La Plata, ii. 188.

---- of Chili, ii. 251.

_Mint_ of Mexico, quantity of coinage issued from since the conquest,
i. 53.

---- of Santa Fé de Bogota, coinage of, i. 228.

---- of Popayan, coinage of, i. 228.

_Miraculous_ fountain in Florida, i. 9.

_Mission_ villages of Paraguay, ii. 203.

_Missionary_ town, description of one, ii. 34.

---- war with the Indians, i. 48.

_Missions_ of California, i. 78-82.

_Misteriosa_ island, i. 198.

_Mita_, a law obliging the Indians to work in the mines, ii. 107.

_Mitla_, temple of the ancient Mexicans, i. 154.

_Mixteca_, country of New Spain, i. 154.

_Mizque Pocona_, town and district of La Plata, ii. 192.

_Mocha_ isle, Pacific Ocean, ii. 282.

_Mompox_, town of New Granada, i. 250.

_Monclova_, town of New Spain, i. 97.

_Mondego_, river of La Plata, ii. 165.

_Monkeys_ of Panama, eaten by the natives, i. 232.

_Montana Reale_, country of Peru, ii. 153.

_Monte Capiro_, mountain of Porto Bello, i. 236.

_Monteleone_, Duke of, a descendant of Cortez, i. 48.

_Monterey_, town of California, i. 82. Bay of ditto, 85.

----, town of New Spain, i. 97.

_Monteses_ Indians, ii. 203.

_Montes Claros_, town of New Spain, i. 92.

_Monte Video_, city of La Plata, scite, name, ii. 225. Harbour,
buildings, climate, vicinity, population, commerce, 226. Taking of, by
the British, 227.

_Montezuma Ilhuicamina_, Emperor of Mexico, i. 111.

_Montezuma Xocotzin_, Emperor of Mexico, magnificent reception of
Cortez by, i. 25. Made prisoner, 27. Slain, 28. History of, 114.

_Moquehua_, district and town of Peru, ii. 149.

_Moqui_ Indians, i. 71.

_Moquihuix_, King of Tlatelolco, i. 111.

_Morgan_ the freebooter, sack of Panama by, i. 233. Taking of Porto
Bello by, 238. Plunder of Maracaybo by, ii. 62.

_Moro_ Castle, i. 189.

_Morrope_, town of Peru, ii. 123.

_Mosquito_ shore, i. 171.

---- Indians, i. 172.

_Mountains_ near the river Magdalena, curious structure of, i. 225.

_Mouths_ of the Orinoco, ii. 11. 41.

_Moyobamba_, town of Peru, ii. 126.

_Moxos_, territory of La Plata, ii. 194.

_Mugillon_ Isle, in the Pacific, ii. 282.

_Mulattoes_ of New Spain, i. 47.

_Musky_ smell and white colour of the rivers frequented by alligators,
i. 318.

_Muyscas_ or _Moscas_ Indians, ancient tribe of New Granada, i. 217.
227.

_Muzo_, town of New Granada, i. 270.

_Muzos_, singular Indian nation, i. 270.

N

_Nacogdoch_, Fort of Texas, in New Spain, i. 98.

_Narvaez_, defeat of, by Cortez, i. 28.

_Napo_ river, i. 332.

_Naptha_, spring of, in Caraccas, ii. 31.

_Nasca_, town of Peru, ii. 134.

_Nata_, city of New Granada, i. 238.

_Nauhcampatepetl_, mountain of New Spain, i. 150.

_Neembucu_, lake of La Plata, ii. 163.

----, town of La Plata, ii. 204.

_Negroes_ in New Spain, i. 48.

---- in New Granada, i. 272.

_Nevada_ de Toluca mountains, i. 129.

---- de Santa Marta, i. 220.

---- de Merida mountains, i. 220.

_Neveri_, or _Enipiricuar_, river of Caraccas, ii. 42.

_New Albion_, explored and named by Sir Francis Drake, i. 77.

_New Andalusia_, province of, boundaries, history, ii. 18. Features,
climate, capital, 25.

_New Barcelona_, province of, ii. 18.

_New Biscay_, or Durango, intendancy of, boundaries, extent, i. 92.
Population, capital, 93. Inhabitants, towns, &c., 94. _New Caledonia_,
i. 241.

_New California._ See _California_.

_New Granada_, viceroyalty of, boundaries and extent, i. 209.
Territorial and political and divisions, discovery and history, 210.
Audiences, viceroy, population, 214. Archbishopric, commerce, revenues,
215. Mines, produce, Indians, 216. Ancient inhabitants, 217. Climate,
218. Features of, 219. Capital, 225. Provinces of, 229.

_New Leon_, province of New Spain, boundaries, extent, and capital, i.
97.

_New Mexico_, province of. See _Mexico_.

_New Santander_, province of New Spain, boundaries, extent and
description of, i. 97. Mines, capital, towns and rivers, i. 98.

_New Santander_, city of New Spain, i. 98.

_New Spain_, viceroyalty of, government history, and discovery, i.
20. Political and territorial divisions, 32. Boundaries, 33. Extent
and climate, 34. Features, productions and mines, 35. Rivers, 45.
Lakes, 46. Temperature, 47. Population, 21. 47. Antiquities and
manufactures, 52. Commerce, 53. Revenues, 55. Army, 56. Recent events,
56. Metropolis, 57. Provinces of, 68.

_Neyva_, town of New Granada, i. 281.

_Nicaragua_, province of Guatimala, boundaries, climate, features, i.
166. Productions, trade, mines, population, animals, capital, i. 167.

----, town of Guatimala, i. 168.

_Nicoya_, town of Guatimala, i. 176.

_Nicuessa_, voyage of, i. 212.

_Nirgua_, town of Caraccas, ii. 58.

_Noanamas_, village of New Granada, i. 274.

_Nobles_ of New Spain, i. 32.

_Norte_, Rio Grande del, i. 45. 98.

_Nuestra Senora de la Vittoria._ See _Tabasco_.

O

_Oaxaca_ or Guaxaca, intendancy of, boundaries, i. 151. Mines,
inhabitants, manufactures, capital and towns, 152. Mountains,
antiquities, rivers, grant to Cortez, 154.

_Oaxaca_, city of New Spain, scite, vicinity, climate, i. 152. Public
buildings and population, 152.

_Obelisks_ in Cuyo, ii. 218.

_Ocana_, town of New Granada, i. 259.

_Ocona_, town of Peru, ii. 148.

_Ocumara_, town of Caraccas, ii. 56.

_Olives_, cultivation of, forbidden in New Spain, i. 38.

_Ojeda_, voyages and discoveries of, i. 211.

_Omaguas_ Indians, i. 324.

_Omasuyos_, district of La Plata, ii. 183.

_Omoa_, town of Guatimala, i. 175.

_Orchilla_ island, Caribbean Sea, ii. 298.

_Orellana_, discovery of the Maranon by, i. 291.

_Origin_ of the slave trade, ii. 22.

_Orinoco_ river, ii. 10. 41.

_Oro_, platina mine in New Granada, i. 274.

_Oropesa_, city of La Plata, ii. 181.

_Orizaba_, volcano of New Spain, i. 150.

----, town of New Spain, i. 147.

_Oruro_, district of La Plata, ii. 178.

----, city of La Plata, ii. 179.

_Ostimuri_, district of New Spain, i. 89.

_Ostrich_ of America, ii. 259.

_Otabalo_, jurisdiction of New Granada, i. 303.

----, city of New Granada, i. 304.

_Otomacs_ Indians, ii. 15.

_Ovando_ refuses Columbus leave to refit his ship at Hispaniola, i. 210.

P

_Pacajes_, district and town of La Plata, ii. 184.

_Pachachaca_, river of Peru, ii. 146.

_Pachacamac_, a deity of the Peruvians, ii. 105. Temple of, in Peru,
103.

----, isle in the Pacific, ii. 296.

_Pachacutec_, 10th Inca of Peru, ii. 85.

_Pachitea_, river, ii. 127.

_Pachuca_, town of New Spain, i. 134.

_Pachuquilla_, the most ancient village of the vale of Anahuac, i. 134.

_Pacific Ocean_, discovered by Vasco Nuñez de Balboa, i. 213.

_Pagi_, or Puma, of Chili, ii. 256.

_Pajaro_, Chilian island, ii. 282.

_Paillamachu_, toqui of the Chilese, ii. 241.

_Paintings_, Mexican, i. 52. 123.

_Pampas_ of Buenos Ayres, ii. 222.

_Pampas del Sacramento_, ii. 151.

_Pampatar_, in Margarita, recent events at, ii. 74.

_Pamplona_, city of New Granada, i. 263.

_Panama_, province of, i. 229. Boundaries, discovery, climate, soil,
forests, mountains, trade, produce, 230. Mines, rivers, animals,
capital, 232. Bay, pearl fishery, and cities, 235.

----, city of New Granada, scite, i. 232. History, government, public
offices and buildings, inhabitants, bay, tides, 234.

_Panos_ Indians, ii. 152.

_Panuco_, river of New Spain, i. 134. 149.

_Papantla_, pyramids of, i. 151.

_Papaws_, i. 244.

_Paragoana_, peninsula of, in Caraccas, ii. 50.

_Paraguay_, government of, boundaries, extent, history, discovery, &c.,
ii. 195. Climate, and productions, features, &c., 199. Animals, 201.
Rivers, commerce, 202. Missions, capital, and towns, 203.

_Paraguay_ river, small declension of, ii. 161. Description of, 164.

_Paramo de Guanacas_, pass of, i. 265. 276.

---- _de la Summa Paz_ mountain, i. 265.

---- _del Assuay_, road over the, i. 308.

_Parana_ river, ii. 166. 224.

_Paria_, district and city of La Plata, ii. 179.

_Paria_, province of Caraccas, ii. 18.

_Pariagoto_ Indians, ii. 13.

_Parima_ lake, ii. 17.

_Parina Cocha_ lake, ii. 140.

_Parina Cocha_, district of Peru, ii. 140.

_Parral_, town of New Spain, i. 95.

_Pasco_, town of Peru, ii. 130.

_Pasco_ mines, in Peru, ii. 79.

_Pascuaro_, town of New Spain, i. 137.

_Pasquaro_, town of New Spain, i. 94.

_Pass_ of Guanacas, i. 276.

_Passo del Norte_, fort of New Spain, i. 69.

_Pasto_, town of New Granada, i. 281.

_Patagonians_, ii. 229.

_Pataz_, gold works of Peru, ii. 80.

_Pataz_, district of Peru, ii. 126.

_Paucarcolla_, district and town of La Plata, ii. 187.

_Paucartambo_, district of Peru, ii. 144.

---- river, i. 326. ii. 144.

_Paullu_, Inca, gives Pizarro battle, ii. 95.

_Pausa_, town of Peru, ii. 140.

_Paynenauca_, toqui of the Chilese, ii. 240.

_Payta_, town of Peru, ii. 122.

_Pearl_ fishery of Panama, i. 230.

_Pedro Arias de Avila_, governor of Terra Firma, i. 213.

_Pedro de la Gasca_, third governor of Peru, ii. 100.

_Pehuenches_ Indians, ii. 288.

_Pendulous_ bridges in South America, i. 224.

_Pensacola_, city of Florida, i. 13.

_Perdido_ bay and river, boundary of the United States and Florida, i.
7. 16.

_Perote_, plain of, i. 144.

_Peru_, viceroyalty of, boundaries and extent, ii. 75. Political and
territorial divisions, population and government, 76. Commerce, 77.
Produce of the mines, 78. Mines, 79. Climate, features, &c., 81.
History, discovery, &c., 83. Ancient Peruvians, 103. Antiquities, 104.
Modern Peruvians, 105. Recent events in, 108. Capital, 114. Provinces
of, 120.

_Peruvians_, ancient, ii. 103.

_Peruvians_, modern, ii. 105.

_Peruvian_ sheep, ii. 255.

_Peteroa_, volcano of Chili, ii. 249. 274.

_Petorca_, city of Chili, ii. 269.

_Pichinca_ volcano, i. 298.

_Pico de Orizaba_ volcano, i. 35. 150.

_Pico de Tancitaro_ mountain, i. 135.

_Piedra Blanca_, Pacific, i. 201.

_Pihuen_, or Chilese pine tree, ii. 247.

_Pilaya y Paspaya_, province of La Plata, ii. 179.

_Pilcomayo_ river, ii. 166. 173.

_Pillan_, name of the Deity in ancient Chili, ii. 233.

_Pimeria_, province of New Spain, boundaries, climate, inhabitants, i.
86. Rivers, 87. Forts, 88.

_Pinos_ isle, Cuba, i. 192.

_Pique_, insect, i. 244.

_Piritoo_ isles, ii. 300.

_Piros_ Indians, ii. 152.

_Pisco_, town of Peru, ii. 133.

_Piura_, district of, and oldest town in Peru, ii. 120.

_Pizarro_, history of the conquest of Peru by, ii. 86.

_Pizarro Gonzalo_ assumes the government of Peru, ii. 99.

---- ---- exploratory journey of, to the false Maranon, i. 290.

_Plain_ of the Maranon, i. 223.

_Plains_ of Barcelona, ii. 32.

_Platina_ of Choco, i. 274.

_Poitos_, slaves of the mission Indians, ii. 15.

_Pomabamba_, province and town of La Plata, ii. 182.

_Pongo de Manseriche_, or crevice of the false Maranon, i. 322. 333.

_Ponce de Leon_ explores Florida, i. 9.

_Popayan_, government of New Granada, i. 275.

----, city of New Granada, scite, environs, rivers, i. 279. Volcanoes,
buildings, population, 280.

_Popo_, silver mines of La Plata, ii. 178.

_Popocatepetl_ volcano, i. 35. 141.

_Population_ of New Spain, i. 47. Of Mexico, 58. Of Puerto Rico, 182.
Of Cuba, 187. Of New Granada, 214. Of Caraccas, ii. 2. Of Peru, 76. Of
Spanish America, 108. 318. Of La Plata, 156. Of Chili, 253.

_Porco_, city of La Plata, ii. 177.

----, mountains of La Plata, ii. 177.

_Porcupine_, American, ii. 257.

_Pore_, city of New Granada, i. 264.

_Porrudos_, river of La Plata, ii. 165.

_Port_ Sir Francis Drake, i. 4. 76. 77.

_Port_ San Francisco, i. 4. 77.

_Porto Bello_, city of New Granada, scite, foundation, i. 235.
Fortifications, harbour, climate, 236. Inhabitants, commerce, 237.
Edifices, &c., 238.

_Porto Cavello_, city of Caraccas, scite, history, ii. 50. Buildings,
population, trade, 51. Climate, &c., 52.

_Portuguesa_, river of Caraccas, ii. 6. 66.

_Potatoe_, not indigenous to Mexico, only found in South America at the
conquest, i. 38.

_Poto_ mines of La Plata, ii. 189.

_Pototaca_ lead mines of La Plata, ii. 179.

_Potosi_, mines of, ii. 174.

_Potosi_, city of La Plata, scite, climate, environs, mines, ii. 174.
Foundation, mint, population, buildings, ii. 175.

_Precipice_ of the Silla de Caraccas, ii. 8.

_Price_ of provisions in Choco, i. 273.

---- given for European animals in the early times of the Spanish
colonies of Peru, ii. 131.

_Produce_ of the mines in the New World, not so great as has been
imagined, i. 42. Actual amount of, ii. 320.

_Pron_, bundle of threads used to record events in Chili, ii. 233.

_Protector_ of the Indians, title of Las Casas, ii. 22.

_Pucara_, remarkable ruins in La Plata, ii. 190.

_Puchacay_, province of Chili, ii. 277.

_Puda_, or wild goat of Chili, ii. 256.

_Puebla, La_, province of New Spain, boundaries, extent, i. 138.
Produce, history, climate, and ancient capital, i. 139. Present
capital, 140. Mountains and antiquities, 141. Towns, 142. Rivers, 143.

---- _de los Angelos_, city of New Spain, situation, cathedral,
buildings, bishopric, trade, environs, population, height, i. 140.

---- _Nueva_, city of New Granada, i. 179.

_Puelches_ Indians, ii. 288.

_Puerto Rico_ island, situation, extent, history, i. 180. Land-crabs,
produce, 181. Population, capital, 182.

---- ----, city of, i. 182.

---- _Viejo_, district of New Granada, i. 311.

_Pulque_, strong liquor made from the agave, i. 39.

_Puma_, or American Lion, ii. 256.

_Puna_, city of La Plata, ii. 188.

---- island, i. 312.

_Punta de la Galera_, so called on account of Columbus' ship touching
at it, ii. 27.

---- _de Santa Elena_, district of New Granada, i. 312.

_Purace_, volcano, i. 280.

----, village of Popayan, i. 281.

_Purissima Concepcion de Catorce_, mines of New Spain, profit of, i. 44.

_Puros_ river, ii. 194.

_Puruays_, ancient inhabitants of Quito, i. 284.

_Pusambio_, or Vinegar River, i. 281.

_Putacuao_, lake of Caraccas, i. 40.

_Pyramid_ erected on the banks of the Paraguay, as a boundary mark
between Spanish and Portuguese America, ii. 164.

Q

_Quaquas_ Indians, ii. 14.

_Quebrada_, or crevice of Tipe, i. 254.

_Quelendama_ mountain, i. 299.

_Quelenes_, Indian country of Guatimala, i. 164.

_Quesaltenango_, district of Guatimala, i. 163.

_Queretaro_, city of New Spain, i. 133.

_Quesada_, Gonzalo Ximenes de, conquest of New Granada by, i. 214. 267.

_Quetlavaca_, or Cuitlahuatzin King of Mexico, i. 117.

_Quiabaslan_, i. 24.

_Quibo_, or Caybo isle, i. 204.

_Quicaras_ isles, Pacific, i. 203.

_Quichuan_, language of Peru, ii. 154.

_Quillota_, province and city of Chili, ii. 267.

_Quinchuan_, isle of Chiloe, ii. 287.

_Quindiu_ mountain, i. 221. 276. Pass of, 277.

_Quiriquina_, Isle of Chili, ii. 282.

_Quispicanchi_, district of Peru, ii. 143.

_Quito_, presidency of New Granada, boundaries, i. 283. Extent,
districts, history, 284. Capital, 293. Features and mountains, 297.
Provinces, 303.

----, city of, foundation, scite, vicinity, i. 293. Climate,
earthquakes, population, 294. Manners and customs of the inhabitants,
public buildings, i. 295. Trade, height, 296. Rivers, 297.

----, jurisdiction of New Granada, i. 305.

_Quixos y Macas_, government of New Granada, i. 334.

R

_Raleigh_, Sir Walter, voyage of, to Guiana, ii. 71.

_Ramirez_, isle in Lake Tamiagua, i. 193.

_Rancagua_, province and city of Chili, ii. 272.

_Ransom_, immense, given by Atabalipa, ii. 93.

_Rapel_, village and cavern in Chili, ii. 274.

_Raspadura_ canal, unites the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans, i. 273.

_Region_ of perpetual snow in Mexico, i. 47.

_Real de los Alamos_, town of New Spain, i. 92.

_Realejo_, town and port of Guatimala, i. 167.

_Religion_ of New Spain, i. 48. Of ancient Mexicans, i. 126. Of the
Muyscas, 218. 227. Of the ancient Peruvians, ii. 104. Of the wandering
tribes on the banks of the Maranon, 153. Of the ancient Chilese, 233.

_Repartimientos_, history of, ii. 106.

_Revenue_ of New Spain, i. 55. Of New Granada, 215. Of Peru, ii. 76. Of
Spanish America, 320.

_Revillagigedo_ isle, i. 202.

_Riobamba_, district of New Granada, i. 306.

---- city of New Granada, i. 307.

_Rio Bravo del Norte_, i. 45. 70.

---- _Colorado_, New Spain, i. 45.

---- _Conchos_, or de Salinas, New Spain, i. 94.

---- _de la Hacha_, district and town of New Granada, i. 259.

---- _de la Plata_, discovery of, ii. 156. Description, 164.

---- _Grande de la Magdalena._ See _Magdalena_.

---- _Negro_, i. 327. 332. ii. 72.

---- _Santiago_, or Rio Lerma, New Spain, i. 100.

---- _Vermelho_, or Vermejo, ii. 166.

---- _Verde_, New Spain, i. 155.

_Riochico_, town of New Spain, i. 90.

_Rioxa_, city of La Plata, ii. 213.

_Rivers_ of Florida, i. 14. Of New Spain, 45. Of Caraccas, ii. 10. Of
La Plata, ii. 164. Of Chili, 250.

_Road_ of the Mexican plain, great length of, i. 35. From Cumanacoa,
highly picturesque, ii. 33. From Buenos Ayres to Potosi, 209.

_Roads_ of New Spain, i. 41. Over the Andes, in Chili, ii. 248.

_Roca Partida_ isle, i. 202.

_Roderic de Triana_ first sees the American land, i. 2.

_Roebuck_ isle, Florida, i. 19.

_Roguagualo_ lake of La Plata, ii. 194.

_Roncador_ isle, i. 199.

_Rosario_, mine of, New Spain, i. 92.

_Ruatan_ isle, i. 198.

_Ruminagui_ usurps the sceptre of Quito, i. 288.

_Ruminavi_ mountain, i. 299. 300.

S

_Sacrifices_ of the Muyscas, i. 218. 227.

----, island of, i. 193.

_Salado_, river of La Plata, ii. 207.

_Salamanca_, town of New Spain, i. 102.

_Salis_, discovery of the Rio de la Plata by, ii. 156. 164.

_Salt_ plains and lakes of La Plata, ii. 208.

---- works of Araya, in Caraccas, ii. 30.

_Salta_, city of La Plata, ii. 214.

_Saltillo_, town of New Spain, i. 94.

_Sana_, town and district of Peru, ii. 123.

_San Antonio_, town of Caraccas, ii. 69.

---- ---- _de Bejar_, fort of Texas, i. 98.

---- ---- _de los Cues_, ancient fort, i. 153.

_San Bartolomeo de Chillan_, town of Chili, ii. 277.

---- _Benedito_ isle, Pacific, i. 202.

---- _Benito_ isle, Pacific, i. 200.

---- _Bernardo de Tarija_, town of La Plata, ii. 177.

---- ----, bay in the gulf of Mexico, i. 199.

---- _Blas_, port of New Spain, i. 101.

---- _Buenaventura_ mission, California, i. 83.

---- _Carlos_, town of Caraccas, ii. 56.

---- ----, fort of Guiana, ii. 70.

---- ----, town of Chiloe, ii. 286.

_San Christoval de Acochala_, silver mine, ii. 178.

---- ----, lake of Mexico, i. 130.

_San Felipe_, city of Chili, i. 270.

---- ----, town of Caraccas, ii. 57.

---- ---- _y San Jago_, town of New Spain, i. 92.

_San Fernando de Apure_, town of Caraccas, ii. 68.

---- ----, town of Chili, ii. 273.

_San Francisco_, mission of California, i. 82.

---- _Jayme_, town of Caraccas, ii. 68.

---- _Joachin de Omaguas_, Spanish fort on the Maranon, ii. 151.

---- _Josef_, town of Florida, i. 14.

---- _Jose_, mission of California, i. 82.

---- _Juan de la Frontera_, city of La Plata, ii. 219.

---- ---- _de los Llanos_, province and town of New Granada, i. 263.

---- ---- _del Pao_, town of Caraccas, ii. 57.

---- ---- _del Rio_, town of New Biscay, i. 94. City of Mexico, 133.

---- ----, river of Florida, i. 15. Town of Nicaragua, 168. River of
Nicaragua, importance of, 169.

_San Lazaro_, fort of Carthagena, i. 247.

---- _Luis de Cura_, town of Caraccas, ii. 57.

---- ---- _de Gonzaga_, city of Chili, ii. 280.

---- ----, island in the bay of San Bernardo, i. 193.

---- ---- _de Loyola_, city of La Plata ii. 219.

---- ---- _Potosi_, intendancy of New Spain, boundaries, extent,
population, climate, i. 95. Mines, capital, 96.

---- ---- ----, city of New Spain, i. 96.

_San Martin_ isle, Pacific, i. 200.

---- _Miguel_, town and district of Guatimala, i. 162.

---- ---- _de Ibarra_, city and province of New Granada, i. 303.

---- _Nicolas_, isle in the Pacific, i. 200.

---- _Pablo de Omaguas_, Portuguese fort on the Maranon, ii. 151.

---- _Pedro_, town of Caraccas, ii. 64. Town of Peru, 123.

---- _Salvador_ isle, Pacific, i. 200.

---- ----, town and district of Guatimala, i. 162.

---- _Sebastian_, colony founded by Ojeda, i. 212.

---- _Sebastian de Buenavista_, town of New Granada, i. 250.

---- ---- _de los Reyes_, town of Caraccas, ii. 57.

_Santa Ana_, mission of California, i. 84.

---- _Barbara_, mission of California, i. 82.

_Santa Catalina_, or Providence Isle, i. 199.

---- _Cruz_, mission of California, i. 82.

---- ---- isle, Pacific, discovered by Cortez, i. 201.

---- ----, town of Cuba, i. 192.

---- ----, village of New Mexico, i. 69.

---- ---- _de la Sierra_, province and town of La Plata, ii. 192.

_Santa Fé_, province of New Granada, i. 264.

---- ---- _de Bogota_, capital of New Granada, scite, foundation,
buildings, height, population, i. 225. Climate, viceroy, archbishopric,
environs, 226. Mint, 228.

---- ----, city of New Spain, i. 69.

---- ----, city of Paraguay, ii. 227.

---- ----, aqueduct of Mexico, i. 66.

---- ---- _de Antioquia._ See _Antioquia_.

_Santa Maria_, name of the ship in which Columbus sailed, i. 2.

---- ---- _el Antigua del Darien_, colony founded by Balboa, i. 212.
First settlement in Spanish North America, 240.

_Santa Maria_, or Talca, isle of Chili, ii. 282.

_Santa Marta_, province of New Granada, boundaries, discovery, history,
i. 252. Climate, productions, features of, 253. Rivers, 254. Cacao
plant, 257. Population, capital, 258. Towns, 259.

---- ----, city of New Granada, i. 258.

_Santa Rosa de Cosiquiriachi_, town of New Spain, i. 94.

_Santa Rosa_ isle, Pacific, i. 202.

_Santanilla_ isle, i. 199.

_Santiago_, capital of Chili, scite, population, streets, buildings,
squares, suburbs, ii. 263. Cathedral, mint, governor, bishopric, trade,
ii. 264.

_Santiago_, province of Chili, ii. 271.

_Santiago del Estero_, city of La Plata, ii. 212.

_Santo Tomé_, capital of Guiana, ii. 72.

_St. Anastasia_, isle of, Florida, i. 19.

_St. Augustine_, city of Florida, i. 11.

_St. Felix_ and St. Ambrose isles, Pacific, ii. 296.

_St. John's_, river of Florida, i. 14.

_St. Lorenzo_ isle, Pacific, ii. 296.

_St. Mark's_, town of Florida, i. 12.

_St. Martin_, plains of, ii. 221.

_St. Mary's_ river, boundary between Florida and the United States, i.
14.

_St. Saverio_, town of Chili, ii. 275.

_Sangai_, or Mecas, volcano, i. 301.

_Sangallan_ isle, Pacific, ii. 296.

_Sansonate_, town and district of Guatimala, i. 162.

_Sapotes_, i. 245.

_Sariacu_, village on the Maranon, ii. 152.

_Savannah_ of the Orinoco, i. 223.

_Sayri Tupac_, 17th and last Inca of Peru, ii. 86.

_Scotch_ Darien Company, i. 241.

_Sechura_, town of Peru, ii. 122.

_Sensitive_ plant, i. 242.

_Serrana_ isles, i. 199.

_Serranilla_ isles, i. 199.

_Settlements_ formerly made in the Straits of Magellan, ii. 291.

_Sicasica_, province and town of La Plata, ii. 181.

_Sierra de Canatagua_ divides North from South America, i. 5. 230.

---- _Madre_, range of mountains, i. 35. 68. 73.

---- _de las Grullas_, i. 36. 75.

---- _Gorda_, i. 98.

---- _Verde_, i. 36.

---- _de San Martin_, i. 151.

---- ---- _Pacaraimo_, i. 222.

---- ---- _Quineropaca_, i. 222.

---- ---- _Paria_, ii. 39.

---- ---- _San Carlos_, ii. 154.

_Silla de Caraccas_, i. 220. ii. 8.

_Silla Casa_, mercury veins in Peru, ii. 136.

_Silva_, exploratory journey of, in Guiana, ii. 71.

_Silver_ exported from New Spain, i. 42.

---- produced annually in New Spain, i. 43.

---- native, found in Batopilas, i. 43.

_Sinaruco_ river, ii. 67.

_Sinchi Roca_, 2d Peruvian Inca, ii. 85.

_Singular_ monuments in Cuyo, ii. 218.

_Sir Francis Drake_ takes Porto Bello, i. 238.

---- ---- ---- takes Carthagena, i. 249.

_Sisal_, port of Yucatan, i. 158.

_Slave_ trade, origin of, ii. 22.

_Slaves_ of New Spain, i. 48.

_Snow_, limits of perpetual snow in Mexico, i. 47.

_Socorro_, town of New Granada, i. 270.

_Socorro_ isle, Pacific, i. 202.

_Soconusco_, district and town of Guatimala, i. 161.

_Solola_, district of Guatimala, i. 162.

_Sombrerete_, town and mines of New Spain, i. 99.

_Sonora_, intendancy of New Spain, boundaries, districts of, capital,
i. 86.

----, district of New Spain, i. 88.

----, city of New Spain, i. 89.

_Sotara_, volcano, i. 280.

_Sources_ of the Apurimac or Maranon, ii. 149.

---- of the Magdalena and Cauca, i. 277.

_Steam engine_ much wanted in the American mines, i. 42.

_Suchitepeque_, town and province of Guatimala, i. 162.

_Sucumbios_ missions of New Granada, i. 336.

_Sumasinta_, river of New Spain, i. 149.

_Sunchuli_ mountain, celebrated for its gold mines, ii. 185.

_Sutiles_, or limes, use of in cookery, i. 245.

T

_Tabasco_, province of New Spain, former extent of, i. 147. Climate,
productions, chief town, 148. Lakes, towns, rivers, 149. Volcanoes, 150.

---- island, i. 148. 194.

----, city of New Spain, i. 148.

---- river, i. 149.

_Tacames_, province of New Granada, i. 282.

----, city of New Granada, i. 283.

_Tacarigua_, Indian name of Lake Valencia, ii. 17.

_Tacna_, town of Peru, ii. 150.

_Tacubaya_, town of New Spain, i. 133.

_Talca_, or San Augustin, city of Chili, ii. 275.

_Talcaguana_, road of, in the bay of Concepcion, ii. 279.

_Tambo_, or palace of the Incas, i. 301.

_Tamiagua_ lake, i. 149.

_Tampico_ river, i. 149.

_Taquari_, river of La Plata, ii. 165.

_Tarabitas_, or flying bridges, i. 257.

_Tarma_, intendancy of Peru, ii. 126.

----, city of Peru, ii. 128.

_Tavantin-suyu_, ancient name of Peru, ii. 155.

_Tasco_, city of New Spain, i. 133.

_Tea_ of Paraguay, ii. 200

_Tehuantepeque_, city of New Spain, i. 153.

_Temperature_ of the air in Mexico, i. 46.

_Temple of the Sun_ at Cuzco, ii. 143.

_Teneriffe_, town of New Granada, i. 259.

_Tenochtitlan_, original name of Mexico, i. 107.

_Teocallies_, or Mexican temples, i. 52.

_Teotihuacan_, San Juan de, temple, i. 132.

_Teotl_, name of the Deity in Mexico, i. 126.

_Tequehuen_, isle of Chonos Archipelago, ii. 287.

_Tequendoma_, cataract of, i. 224. 226. Tradition concerning, 228.

_Texas_, province of New Spain, i. 97.

_Tezcuco_, lake of Mexico, i. 129.

_Tiahuanaco_, singular monuments at, ii. 184.

_Tibiquari_, river of La Plata, ii. 166.

_Tiburon_ isle, Gulf of California, i. 201.

_Tides_, great difference of, at Panama and Porto Bello, i. 234.

_Tierra Firme_, general name for Panama, Veragua, and Darien, i. 229.

---- ---- Proper, or Panama. See _Panama_.

---- ----, conjecture concerning the application of this name to
Panama, i. 229.

_Tiguesgalpa_, district and town of Guatimala, i. 162.

_Timana_, town of New Granada, i, 281.

_Tinta_, town of Peru, ii. 145.

_Tipuanis_, river of La Plata, ii. 177.

_Tisingal_, mine of Guatimala, i. 176.

_Titicaca_, or Chucuito Lake, ii. 163. 185.

_Tlacopan_ kingdom, i. 104.

_Tlacotalpan_, town of New Spain, i. 149.

_Tlascala_, city of New Spain, i. 139.

_Tlascalan_ republic, i. 139.

_Tlatelolco_ town, i. 108.

_Tlaxcallan_ republic, i. 103.

_Tocaima_, town of New Granada, i. 271.

_Tocunos_, river port of Varinas, ii. 65.

_Tocuyo_, city of Caraccas, ii. 52.

----, river of Caraccas, ii. 45.

_Todo Hierro_, castle of Porto Bello, i. 236.

_Tolosa_, first Captain General of Caraccas, ii. 21.

_Tolu_ balsam, i. 242. 250.

----, town of New Granada, i. 250.

_Toluca_, city of New Spain, i. 133.

---- mountain, i. 129.

_Tomahave_, mines of La Plata, ii. 177.

_Tomina_, district of La Plata, ii. 176.

_Topia_, cordillera of, i. 73.

_Topocalma_, port of Chili, ii. 274.

_Toqui_, great chief of the Araucanians, ii. 290.

_Tortuga Salada_ isle, ii. 298.

_Totonicapan_, district of Guatimala, i. 163.

_Totoral_, isle of Chili, ii. 282.

_Toultecs_ or Toltecs, nation, i. 104.

_Traditions_ of the Muyscas, i. 228.

_Trexo_ or Truxo, a negress, great age of, ii. 206.

_Trinidad_, discovery of, by Columbus, ii. 19.

----, town of Cuba, i. 191.

_Triste_ isle, Gulf of Mexico, i. 194.

_Truxillo_, intendancy of Peru, boundaries, climate, districts, ii.
120. Capital, 124.

_Truxillo_, jurisdiction of Peru, ii. 124.

----, city of Peru, scite, foundation, buildings, population,
fortifications, ii. 124.

----, city of Caraccas, ii. 64.

----, city of Guatimala, i. 175.

_Tucuman_, government of La Plata, boundaries, ii. 204. Climate,
features, history, 205. Capital, 211.

----, city of La Plata, ii. 211.

_Tula_, river of New Spain, i. 134. 149.

_Tulmero_, town of Caraccas, ii. 54.

_Tumbez_, town of Peru, ii. 121.

_Tumbibamba_, battle of, i. 287.

_Tumiriquiri_ mountain, ii. 34.

_Tumulus_, singular one in Quito, i. 301.

_Tumuli_ of Quito, i. 304.

_Tunguragua_ mountain, i. 302.

----, or false Maranon river, i. 326.

_Tunja_, disappearance of Bochica at, i. 217. 271.

----, town of New Granada, i. 271.

_Tupac Amaru_, the 1st, revolt of, and death, ii. 100.

---- ----, the 2d, or, Jose Gabriel Condorcanqui, revolt of, crowned by
the Peruvians, wages dreadful war against the whites, ii. 101.

_Tupac Yupanqui_, 12th Inca of Peru, ii. 86.

_Tupungato_, mountain of Chili, ii. 249.

_Tuquillo_, plains of, i. 221.

_Turbaco_, village and volcanitos of, New Granada, i. 251.

_Turco_, mines of La Plata, ii. 180.

_Turneff_ isle, i. 197.

_Tuy_, river of Caraccas, ii. 46.

_Tuyu_, territory of Buenos Ayres, ii. 228.

_Tuxtla_, volcano of New Spain, i. 151.

_Tzapoteca_, district of New Spain, i. 154.

U

_Ucayale_, or true Maranon, i. 326.

_Ucucuamo_ mountain, a supposed El Dorado, i. 222.

_Ulmens_, chiefs of the Araucanians, ii. 290.

_Ulua, St. Juan de_, island of, fort of, light-house, i. 193.

_Umama_, peak of, i. 221.

_Unare_, river of Caraccas, ii. 41.

_University_ of Mexico, i. 61.

_Urcos_, town of Peru, ii. 143.

_Urubamba_ river, ii. 144.

_Uruguay_, Jesuits' territories, ii. 199.

----, or river of the Missions, ii. 166. 224.

_Uspallata_, silver mines of Chili, ii. 217. 252.

V

_Vaca de Castro_, government of Peru by, i. 292. ii. 99.

_Valdivia_, conquest of Chili by, ii. 235.

----, fortress and city of Chili, history, buildings, fortifications,
environs, harbour, ii. 281.

_Valencia_, city of Caraccas, ii. 55.

----, lake of Caraccas, ii. 16.

_Valenciana_, mines of, the richest in New Spain, description of,
expences of, profit, i. 43. Height of, 102.

_Valladolid_ or Mechoacan, intendancy of New Spain, boundaries and
extent, i. 134. Features, 135. Volcano of Xorullo, 135. Population,
137. Capital and towns, productions, 137.

_Valladolid_, city of New Spain, scite, description of, aqueduct,
population, &c., i. 137.

_Valley_ of Caraccas, i. 254. Of Aragua, _ib._ Of Monai, or the Llanos,
_ib._ Of the Orinoco, ii. 9.

_Valparaiso_, city and port of Chili, scite, history, ii. 267.
Buildings, trade, 268. Harbour, 269.

_Vampyre bat_, i. 243.

_Varinas_, province of Caraccas, ii. 65.

----, city of Caraccas, ii. 68.

_Varu_ isle, Caribbean Sea, ii. 297.

_Venezuela_, origin of the name, ii. 16. 43.

----, province of, boundaries, population, soil, climate, ii. 43.
Features, 44. Commerce, 47. Capital, 49.

_Vasco Nuñez de Balboa_, discovery of the Pacific by, i. 213.

_Vega de Supia_, silver mines of New Granada, i. 272.

_Vela Blasco_, first viceroy of Peru, ii. 99.

_Velez_, town of New Granada, i. 270.

_Vera Cruz_, intendancy of New Spain, boundaries, extent, climate, i.
143. Singular features of, productions, population, 144. Capital, 145.
Towns, 146. Volcanoes, 150. Antiquities, 151.

----, city of New Spain, situation, defence, port, history, buildings,
i. 145. Population, vicinity, yellow fever, 146.

_Vera Cruz el Antigua_, town of New Spain, i. 147.

_Veragua_, first European colony established on the continent of
America, i. 179.

----, province of New Granada, i. 229. Boundaries, discovery of, by
Columbus, i. 177. 211. Description of, climate, mines, capital, 178.
Towns, 179.

----, Duke of, title of Columbus, i. 177.

----, city of New Granada, i. 178.

_Vera-Paz_, province of Guatimala, boundaries, i. 165. Extent, climate,
features, trade, capital, 166.

----, or Coban, city of Guatimala, i. 166.

_Vermelho_, or Vermejo river, ii. 166. 207.

_Vernon_, Admiral, attack on Porto Bello by, i. 238. Attack on
Carthagena by, 249.

_Vicente Yanez Pinzon_, discovery of the Maranon by, i. 329. Explores
Paria, ii. 10.

_Viceroys_ of New Spain, i. 31. Of New Granada, 214. Of Peru, ii. 100.

_Viceroyalty_ of New Spain. See _New Spain_.

---- of New Granada, erection of, i. 293.

---- of Peru, ii. 75.

---- of Buenos Ayres, or La Plata, ii. 155.

_Victoria_, town of Caraccas, ii. 54.

----, or Tabasco, town of New Spain, i. 148.

_Vicuna_, or Peruvian camel, ii. 137. 253.

_Vilcamayo_ river, i. 326. ii. 144.

_Vilcanota_, chain of, boundary between Peru and La Plata, ii. 146.

_Vilcas Guaman_, district and town of Peru, ii. 139.

_Villa Rica de la Vera Cruz_, founded by Cortez, i. 23.

_Villa Rica_, town of Paraguay, ii. 204.

---- ----, volcano of Chili, ii. 249.

---- ----, lake of Chili, ii. 250.

_Villa Hermosa_, town of New Spain, i. 149.

_Villa de Leon_, town of New Spain, i. 103.

_Villa del Principe_, town of Cuba, i. 191.

_Vilumilla_, toqui of the Chilese, ii. 243.

_Vinegar_ river, singular stream of Popayan, i. 281.

_Violence_ of the winds on the Andes, i. 302.

_Vizcacha_, or Chilese fox, ii. 256.

_Volcanitos de Turbaco_, i. 251.

_Volcano_ of Guayna Patina, in Peru, ii. 148.

---- of Peteroa, in Chili, ii. 249. 274.

---- of Villa Rica, in Chili, ii. 249.

_Volcanoes_ of New Spain, i. 36.

---- of the Andes, i. 224.

---- of Chili, ii. 249.

_Voyages_ of Columbus. See _Columbus_.

---- of different travellers on the Maranon, i. 330.

---- of Father Girval up the Maranon, ii. 151.

---- of Magalhaens, ii. 292.

W

_Welsers_, a German company, to whom Caraccas was intrusted, ii. 20.

_West India Isles_ of Spain, number of, political divisions, i. 179.

_Wheat_, introduction of, into Quito, i. 305.

----, quantity cultivated in New Spain, i. 38.

_Whites_, number of, in New Spain, i. 47.

----, number of, in Spanish America, ii. 319.

_Workmen_ and labourers in the Mexican mines often steal the metals, i.
44.

X

_Xalapa_, city of New Spain, gives its name to jalap, i. 39.
Population, scite, climate, height, i. 147.

_Xaquijaguana_ valley, place where Gonzalo Pizarro was taken prisoner,
ii. 144.

_Xarayes_, lake of La Plata, ii. 162.

_Xauxa_, district and town of Peru, ii. 137.

----, or Jauja, river of Peru, ii. 127.

_Xexemani_, suburb of Carthagena, i. 246.

_Xexuy_, river of La Plata, ii. 166.

_Xochicalco_ lake, i. 130.

----, monument of, i. 132.

_Xorullo_ volcano, singular formation of, i. 135.

_Xuxuy_, or San Salvador, city of La Plata, ii. 213.

Y

_Yaguache_, district of New Granada, i. 312.

_Yanos_, fort of New Spain. See _Janos_.

_Yahuar Huacac_, 8th Inca of Peru, ii. 85.

_Yapura_ river, i. 327. 332.

_Yaracuy_, river of Caraccas, ii. 46.

_Year_ of the Moscas, i. 218.

_Yecorato_, mines of New Spain, i. 91.

_Yellow_ fever at Caraccas, ii. 6. At La Guayra, 7.

_Yopez_, river of New Spain, i. 143.

_Ypacary_, lake of La Plata, ii. 163.

_Ypoa_, lake of La Plata, ii. 163.

_Yquilao_, isle of the Archipelago of Chonos, ii. 287.

_Yvari_ river, ii. 154.

_Yucatan_ or Merida, intendancy of, boundaries, extent, productions,
climate, i. 155. Mountains, rivers, inhabitants, British settlers, 156.
Logwood cutting, Indians, 157. Population, capital, towns, 158.

_Yupanqui_, 11th Inca of Peru, ii. 85.

_Yuranqui_, plain of, place where a degree of the meridian was measured
by the Spanish and French mathematicians, i. 297.

_Yurba_ river, ii. 154.

_Yutay_ river, ii. 154.

Z

_Zacatecas_, intendancy of, boundaries, extent, population, mines,
capital, and towns, i. 99.

---- ----, city of New Spain, i. 99.

_Zacatula_, town of New Spain, i. 134.

----, river of New Spain, i. 134.

_Zamba_, town of New Granada, i. 251.

_Zaque_ or Xaque, title of the Prince of the Moscas, i. 321.

_Zeruma_, town of New Granada, i. 321.

_Zinu_, town of New Granada, i. 251.

_Zippas_, chiefs of the Moscas, i. 217.

_Zitara_, canal of, unites the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans, i. 273.

_Zumpango_, lake of Mexico, i. 130.

FINIS.

Printed by A. Strahan,
New-Street-Square, London.

* * * * *

Transcriber's note:

Obvious typographical errors have been silently corrected and hyphenation has been standardised.

The use of accents has been standardised for names, to ensure compatibility with the index, but other variations in spelling and punctuation remain unchanged.

The errata have been implemented.