Chapter CIII: Appendix: B

ANCESTRAL WORSHIP.

“The rudimentary form of all religion is the propitiation of dead ancestors, who are supposed to be still existing, and to be capable of working good or evil to their descendants.”--SPENCER’S ESSAYS. Vol. iii., p. 102.--_The Origin of Animal Worship._

BILOCATION.

“As a general rule, people are apt to consider it impossible for a man to be in two places at once, and indeed a saying to that effect has become a popular saw. But the rule is so far from being universally accepted, that the word ‘bilocation’ has been invented to express the miraculous faculty possessed by certain saints of the Roman Church, of being in two places at once; like St. Alfonso di Liguori, who had the useful power of preaching his sermon in church while he was confessing penitents at home.”--TYLOR’S _Primitive Culture_. Vol. i., p. 447.

BURIAL RITES.

“Hence the various burial rites--the placing of weapons and valuables along with the body, the daily bringing of food to it, &c. I hope hereafter, to show that with such knowledge of facts as he has, this interpretation is the most reasonable the savage can arrive at.”--SPENCER’S ESSAYS. Vol. iii., p. 104.--_The Origin of Animal Worship._

DREAMS.

“The distinction so easily made by us between our life in dreams and our real life, is one which the savage recognises in but a vague way; and he cannot express even that distinction which he perceives. When he awakes, and to those who have seen him lying quietly asleep, describes where he has been, and what he has done, his rude language fails to state the difference between seeing and dreaming that he saw, doing and dreaming that he did. From this inadequacy of his language it not only results that he cannot truly represent this difference to others, but also that he cannot truly represent it to himself.”--SPENCER’S ESSAYS. Vol. iii., pp. 103, 104.

SHADE OR SHADOW.

“The ghost or phantasm seen by the dreamer or the visionary is an unsubstantial form, like a shadow, and thus the familiar term of the _shade_ comes in to express the soul. Thus the Tasmanian word for the shadow is also that for the spirit; the Algonquin Indians describe a man’s soul as _otahchuk_, ‘his shadow;’ the Quiché language uses _natub_ for ‘shadow, soul;’ the Arawac _ueja_ means ‘shadow, soul, image;’ the Abipones made the one word _loákal_ serve for ‘shadow, soul, echo, image.’”--TYLOR’S _Primitive Culture_. Vol. i., p. 430.

SHADOW.

“Thus the dead in Purgatory knew that Dante was alive when they saw that, unlike theirs, his figure cast a shadow on the ground.”--TYLOR’S _Primitive Culture_. Vol. i., p. 431.

THE SOUL.

“The savage, conceiving a corpse to be deserted by the active personality who dwelt in it, conceives this active personality to be still existing, and his feelings and ideas concerning it form the basis of his superstitions.”--SPENCER’S ESSAYS. Vol. iii., p. 103.--_The Origin of Animal Worship._

TRANSMIGRATION.

“Whether the Buddhists receive the full Hindu doctrine of the migration of the individual soul from birth to birth, or whether they refine away into metaphysical subtleties the notion of continued personality, they do consistently and systematically hold that a man’s life in former existences is the cause of his now being what he is, while at this moment he is accumulating merit or demerit whose result will determine his fate in future lives.”--TYLOR’S _Primitive Culture_. Vol. ii., p. 12.

TRANSMIGRATION.

“Memory, it is true, fails generally to recall these past births, but memory, as we know, stops short of the beginning even of this present life.”--TYLOR’S _Primitive Culture_. Vol. ii., p. 12.

TRANSMIGRATION.

“As for believers, savage or civilised, in the great doctrine of metempsychosis, these not only consider that an animal may have a soul, but that this soul may have inhabited a human being, and thus the creature may be in fact their own ancestor or once familiar friend.”--TYLOR’S _Primitive Culture_. Vol. i., p. 469.

TREE-SOULS.

“Orthodox Buddhism decided against the tree-souls, and consequently against the scruple to harm them, declaring trees to have no mind nor sentient principle, though admitting that certain dewas or spirits do reside in the body of trees, and speak from within them.”--TYLOR’S _Primitive Culture_. Vol. i., p. 475.

THOS. DE LA RUE AND CO., PRINTERS, BUNHILL ROW, LONDON.

INDEX TO THE NOTES.

VOL. PAGE NOTE

Abstinence from Wine and Meat i. 23 52

Actors i. 218 188

Adoption i. 386 310
„ ii. 156 137
„ ii. 272 256

Adulteration ii. 332 320

Age of graduates i. 345 274

Age to marry i. 113 112

Alchemy i. 65 83
„ ii. 313 299

Alms’-bowl i. 246 211
„ i. 395 320

Amusements, Literary i. 215 186

Anatomy, Chinese ii. 253 235

“Angels” of Taoism i. 17 48

Arbiter of Life and Death i. 226 194

Archery i. 91 92

Aristocracy, The i. 186 156

Auspicious Sites i. 336 268

Bad Sons i. 147 131
„ „ ii. 212 190
„ „ ii. 281 267

Bambooing i. 55 76

Banquets, Theatrical Entertainments during ii. 54 41

Beadles ii. 17 18

Beauty, Chinese ii. 123 94

Beggars i. 246 212

Betrothals i. 108 108
„ i. 193 165
„ i. 227 195

Bikshu i. 395 320

Blowing into meat ii. 306 292

Blue China Epoch ii. 303 290

Bôdhisatva i. 208 182

Bridal procession i. 338 269

Bridegroom living in bride’s family i. 193 163

Brotherly deference i. 314 247
„ dependence i. 318 250

Brothers having separate establishments ii. 322 314

Brown deer of Formosa i. 399 329

Buddha, Repeating the name of i. 367 293

“Bull’s hide” trick, The ii. 180 163

Burials i. 197 171

Burying stray bones, &c. ii. 147 130

Caligraphy ii. 174 157

Capping verses i. 332 262
„ „ ii. 57 44

Cash i. 6 42
„ ii. 171 148

Cat and dog Restaurant ii. 308 294

Catalepsy i. 4 40
„ ii. 73 55

Celibacy i. 23 52

Censorate, The i. 229 197

Chai-mui i. 333 265

Chamber of Horrors i. 93 94

Change of residence i. 321 251

Charitable gifts i. 137 129

Chess, Chinese i. 46 66

Chou, General ii. 221 202

Chowry ii. 71 52

Clay-image makers ii. 276 261

Clepsydra i. 49 70

“Climbing trees to catch fish” ii. 305 291

Coffins i. 102 104
„ i. 197 172
„ deposited in Temples i. 237 203
„ for poor people ii. 316 303
„ Sleeping in ii. 354 336

Concubines i. 395 321

Confucius, Descendants of i. 33 61

Conservatism i. 427 348

Contemplation, Priestly ii. 71 51

Coroners ii. 196 175

Counting cattle, Method of ii. 255 239

Cow-herd and the Lady i. 27 55

Cricket-fighting i. 75 85

Crows, Feeding the i. 279 229

Cumquats ii. 301 289

Cycle, The Chinese i. 180 152

Cynthia, The Chinese i. 171 147

Damon and Pythias i. 166 143

Death i. 150 134
„ Fear of i. 101 103

Death-summons, The i. 150 134

Decapitation ii. 78 59

Degrees, The three i. 1 37

Devils, Good and bad ii. 201 179

Dice ii. 145 125

Divorce i. 360 288

Doctors ii. 293 279

Dogs, Chinese ii. 309 296

Dolphin, Fresh-water ii. 43 31

_Double-entendres_ ii. 176 160

Dragon-boat festival ii. 168 142

Dragons ii. 112 84
„ ii. 349 331

Dreams ii. 250 231

Dwarfs i. 224 193

Drunkenness i. 30 59
„ i. 365 292
„ ii. 30 23

Eating ii. 111 83

Education i. 297 237
„ ii. 322 313

Elixir of Immortality i. 19 49
„ „ ii. 168 143

Examinations, Competitive i. 195 168
„ „ ii. 64 48
„ „ ii. 91 71

Eye, Pupils of the i. 8 43

Fa Hsien’s journey ii. 232 212

Fabulous Lion ii. 343 327

Facing the South ii. 103 76

Falconry i. 22 51

Fan, An Autumn i. 361 289

Fantan i. 421 343

Fatalism i. 340 270

Feet of betrothed tied together i. 431 354

Fêng-Shui ii. 322 312

Feudal Governor ii. 287 273

“_Fiancé_,” Death of a i. 99 101

Figure-head ii. 54 40

Fire-wells ii. 238 220

Flageolets i. 28 58

Folk-lore in the North and South ii. 329 319

Fondness for children i. 401 332

Foot-binding i. 192 161

Fortune-tellers i. 47 68

Foundries, Iron ii. 216 194

Four Books, The i. 297 237

Four Seas, The ii. 116 89

Fox influence i. 32 60

Foxes, Soothsayers possessed by ii. 358 339

Gambling i. 421 343

Ganges, The ii. 28 22

Gates of a city shut at night ii. 262 243

Geese i. 255 217

“Gentleman,” The Chinese i. 168 145

Geomancy i. 227 195

Gioros i. 66 84

Girdles, The pearl i. 283 230

Glass i. 249 214
„ ii. 233 216

Go-betweens i. 187 157
„ ii. 154 135

God of War, The i. 2 39

“Golden lilies” i. 188 159

“Golden Orchid” Societies i. 196 170

Gongs ii. 105 78

Good fortune, Absorbing only a certain
quantity of i. 342 271

Graduates by purchase i. 202 177

Graduates, Senior i. 199 175

Grave, The i. 240 207

Great beam, Fixing the ii. 267 247

Greed ii. 74 56

Han dynasty i. 258 219

Han-lin, The Chinese National Academy i. 195 169

Heart, The i. 96 97,
98

Homicide i. 353 285

Honesty in olden times ii. 250 232

“Hsi-yüan-lu,” The i. 98 100

“Hu,” The name i. 89 90

Hué i. 397 325

Human life, Value of ii. 338 323

Hungry devils ii. 270 252

Immortality i. 157 139

Immortals, Record of the ii. 88 68

Imperial mandates ii. 240 223

Impressment i. 220 190

Infernal Regions ii. 95 72
„ „ ii. 354 335

Inheritance, Law of ii. 345 328

Initiation of a Priest ii. 69 50

Inner apartments i. 53 74
„ „ i. 252 215
„ „ ii. 46 33

Jelly-fish ii. 332 321

Judas tree ii. 151 133

Judges ii. 96 74

Jugglers ii. 189 172

Khakkharam, The i. 395 320

Kangs ii. 133 114

Keeping secret professional knowledge ii. 255 238

Kidnapping i. 183 154

Kite-flying Festival ii. 268 250

Knife Hill, The ii. 205 184

Kot‘ow, The i. 388 314

K‘u-ts‘an ii. 255 237

Kuan-yin i. 241 208

Lanterns, Feast of i. 99 102

Li T‘ai-poh ii. 144 121

Lictors ii. 205 182

Lighting the Eyes ii. 224 203

Lingering death, The i. 396 322

Literary chancellor ii. 284 271

Literati, The ii. 36 29

Literature, God of ii. 320 307

Liu Ch‘üan and the melon ii. 351 334

Living Lictors of Purgatory, The i. 207 180

Loans ii. 171 146

Locusts ii. 242 224

Lohans ii. 321 311

Long Robes ii. 273 257

Lots, Drawing ii. 73 54

Love-matches i. 115 113

Lucifer Matches ii. 120 92

Lunatics ii. 30 23

Lü Tung-pin ii. 296 284

Magic Sword i. 62 80

Mandarin Dialect i. 398 327

Manslaughter i. 222 192

Marriage Ceremonies i. 10 45
„ „ i. 181 153
„ „ i. 227 195
„ „ i. 228 196

Marriages i. 108 109
„ i. 193 165

Marrying a second time i. 112 110

Mars, The Chinese i. 2 39

Medical testimonials ii. 292 278

Memorial tablet, Inking ii. 224 203

Mercy, The Goddess of i. 241 208

Messengers of good tidings ii. 252 234

Milky way, The i. 152 135

Miracles i. 396 323

“Mirror and Listen” trick ii. 251 233

Misappropriation of funds ii. 224 204

Moon, The Goddess of the i. 19 49
„ The Lady of the i. 19 49

Mothers-in-law i. 315 249

Mourning for a father i. 199 174

Mules ii. 242 225

Murders i. 230 198

Names, Family i. 92 93
„ Personal ii. 132 111

Night, Divisions of the i. 215 187

Nine grades of official life i. 388 313

Nunneries i. 262 221

Oath of confederation ii. 146 127

Oblivion, Potion of ii. 207 189

Official corruption ii. 79 60
„ responsibility i. 232 199

Officials i. 237 202

Old age ii. 31 24

Olive, the sign of peace i. 324 256

Paper men i. 49 71
„ money i. 391 317
„ „ ii. 172 150

Pao Shu i. 166 143

Patra, The i. 395 320
„ „ i. 246 211

Pawn-shops i. 198 173

Persia ii. 25 21

Phœnix Tower ii. 270 253

Physiognomy, Professors of ii. 290 275

Planchette ii. 295 283

Playing _wei-ch‘i_ for money ii. 271 254

Poetical proficiency i. 33 62

Police system i. 221 191

Politeness ii. 203 181

Poor scholars i. 160 142

Pope of the Taoists i. 118 114

Porterage ii. 181 164

Posthumous Honours i. 305 241

Praying for good or bad weather ii. 294 282

Praying-mat ii. 183 166

Precedence at table i. 332 261

Predestination i. 48 69
„ i. 156 138

Primogeniture i. 203 179

Prisoners in China i. 372 299
„ „ ii. 96 73
„ „ ii. 261 242

P‘u-hsien, God of Action ii. 232 214

Pulse, The i. 39 64

Punishments i. 381 306

Pupils taken by priests ii. 119 91

Purgatory, Capital of ii. 238 220

Quail-fighting i. 75 85

Quail’s Tail, A i. 209 183

Rebel, The first ii. 52 37

Red-garment figure, The i. 19 50

Red-haired barbarians ii. 179 162

Relationship, Test of ii. 278 264

Religion and the drama i. 345 277

Resemblance between soul and body ii. 280 265

Retinues of mandarins i. 389 315
„ „ ii. 174 155
„ „ ii. 175 158

Returning invitations ii. 227 206

Revenge i. 310, 243,
311 244
„ for adultery i. 62 81

Reward of filial piety i. 351 283

Rising when spoken to ii. 280 266

Roc, The ii. 341 325

Rosary, The Buddhist i. 369 295

Royal Mother, The ii. 187 170

Rulers of animal and vegetable kingdoms i. 292 235

Running water ii. 110 82

Sacred edict, The i. 203 179

Sale of children i. 183 154
„ degrees ii. 170 144

Salt monopoly ii. 215 192

“Same-year men” i. 136 128

Saving life ii. 200 178
„ „ ii. 214 191

Scribbling and carving names ii. 123 96

Sea-serpent, The ii. 113 86

Secret societies i. 196 170

Sections of Purgatory, The nine ii. 205 183

Senses, The five i. 259 220

Separation of sexes ii. 167 141

Shaking hands i. 287 233
„ „ ii. 151 134

Sham entertainment i. 323 254

Shampooing ii. 53 38

“Shang-yang” brings rain ii. 131 109

“Shoes” of silver i. 148 133

Short weights ii. 325 315

Shun, The Emperor i. 37 63

Shun Chih, The Emperor ii. 184 167

Sickness i. 107 107

Six Boards, The i. 26 54

Slave-girls’ feet i. 430 353

Slavery i. 211 185

Small feet i. 76 86
„ „ i. 192 161
„ waists ii. 47 35

Sons i. 64 82

Spirit calling i. 189 160
„ entering another’s body ii. 24 20

Spirits, Disembodied i. 79 87
„ „ i. 119 115
„ „ i. 123 119
„ „ i. 157 139

Spiritualistic _séances_ ii. 133 112

Sponge, A i. 248 213

Spring festival ii. 186 169

Squeezes i. 219 189

Staff of Buddhist priests, The i. 395 320

Stealing, Pardonable ii. 217 196

Strong rooms ii. 172 149

Styx, The ii. 216 193

Subscriptions ii. 220 201

Substantiality of ghosts i. 239 205
„ „ ii. 236 219

Substitution theory i. 334 267

Suicide i. 311 244
„ Meritorious ii. 142 120

Superior man, The i. 168 145

Supernatural government i. 292 235

Supreme Ruler, The i. 242 209

Surnames, Common i. 210 184

Sutra, The Diamond i. 238 204

Tails of horses not cut ii. 286 272

Taking life i. 79 88

Talking when born i. 243 210

Tao i. 14 46

Taot‘ai ii. 229 207

Tartar general ii. 128 106

Temples, Repairs to ii. 127 105

Theatricals i. 218 188

Threshing-floors ii. 236 218

Thunder, God of i. 43 65
„ „ ii. 112 85

Ting P‘u-lang ii. 109 80

Titles of Nobility i. 305 241

Torture ii. 81 62
„ Supply of instruments of ii. 238 221

Tree worship ii. 72 53

Trousseau, Bride’s i. 256 218

Tung-t‘ing Lake i. 271 226

Types of friendship i. 166 143

Tzŭ-ang, a Chinese Landseer ii. 287 274

Ulysses, A Chinese i. 91 91

Ushnisha, The ii. 320 310

Valuables in coffins i. 311 245

Verdict i. 56 78

Visiting the tutor ii. 126 103

Vital spots on the body ii. 356 338

Wang Wei, The poet ii. 149 132

Washing-blocks ii. 315 301

Watchmen i. 51 72

Wedding-presents i. 28 57

Wei-ch‘i ii. 268 249

Wên-shu, the God of Wisdom ii. 232 214

White Lily sect ii. 189 171

Widowers ii. 183 165

Widows ii. 39 30

Windows i. 61 79

Wine ii. 259, 240,
260 241

Wine-cup upside down, Turning the i. 264 224

Wine taken hot ii. 144 122

Witnesses in a court of justice ii. 156 136

Women ride astride i. 354 286

Wooden fish, The ii. 195 174

Works of supererogation i. 426 346

Worldly-mindedness ii. 312 298

Wu Wang i. 278 228

Yamên i. 2 38

Yang Ta-hung ii. 310 297

Yang-tsze, The ii. 176 159

Years, Names of i. 113 111

Yellow girdles i. 66 84

_Yin_ and the _yang_, The i. 176 150

Yojana, A i. 394 319

Yü-chiao-li, The ii. 164 140

_BY THE SAME AUTHOR:--_

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TRANSCRIBER'S NOTE

This book was published in two volumes, of which this is the second. The first volume was released as Project Gutenberg ebook #xxxxx, available at https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/xxxxx. Referenced content not present in this electronic text can be found in Volume I. The table of contents is reproduced as printed in Volume I.

Italic text is denoted by _underscores_.

Obvious typographical errors repaired. Punctuation, spelling, hyphenation, use of accented characters and stylistic presentation standardized when a predominant preference was found in this book. Capitalization and hyphenation of Chinese personal names has been standardized. Otherwise left as printed.

Footnote numbers were re-indexed in this electronic text, internal references renumbered correspondingly.

Footnote 72, ‘excepting’ changed to ‘except’ (except in the matter of light).

Footnote 92, ‘of’ added (first quarter of the present century).

Footnote 124, ‘denôuement’ changed to ‘dénouement’ (important to the _dénouement_ of the story).

Footnote 140, ‘dénoûement’ changed to ‘dénouement’ (The _dénouement_ of the _Yü-chiao-li_).

Footnote 172, ‘Ibu’ changed to ‘Ibn’ (Ibn Batuta writes as follows).

Footnote 324, ‘LXVII.’ changed to ‘LXVIII.’ (See No. LXVIII.).

Page 19, ‘of’ added (a number of curious stones).

Page 65, ‘be’ changed to ‘he’ (but he soon reflected).

Page 145, ‘sung’ changed to ‘sang’ (whereupon he sang the following lines).

Page 198, ‘he’ changed to ‘be’ (that he would be only too happy).

Page 208, ‘according’ changed to ‘accordingly’ (accordingly, when the King was looking).

Page 254, ‘Ch‘êng’ changed to ‘Ch‘ên’ (This frightened Ch‘ên).

Page 255, ‘Ch‘êng’ changed to ‘Ch‘ên’ (Ch‘ên himself was a cattle-farmer).

Page 286, ‘servants’ changed to ‘servant’ (rode away, telling his servant).

Page 287, ‘a Mr. Ts‘ui’ changed to ‘Mr. Ts‘ui’ (who lived next door to Mr. Ts‘ui).

Page 41, ‘He then bit her across the neck’ should probably be ‘He then hit her across the neck’.