Chapter CLXVI: Appendix: B

ANCESTRAL WORSHIP.

“The rudimentary form of all religion is the propitiation of dead ancestors, who are supposed to be still existing, and to be capable of working good or evil to their descendants.”--SPENCER’S ESSAYS. Vol. iii., p. 102.--_The Origin of Animal Worship._

BILOCATION.

“As a general rule, people are apt to consider it impossible for a man to be in two places at once, and indeed a saying to that effect has become a popular saw. But the rule is so far from being universally accepted, that the word ‘bilocation’ has been invented to express the miraculous faculty possessed by certain saints of the Roman Church, of being in two places at once; like St. Alfonso di Liguori, who had the useful power of preaching his sermon in church while he was confessing penitents at home.”--TYLOR’S _Primitive Culture_. Vol. i., p. 447.

BURIAL RITES.

“Hence the various burial rites--the placing of weapons and valuables along with the body, the daily bringing of food to it, &c. I hope hereafter, to show that with such knowledge of facts as he has, this interpretation is the most reasonable the savage can arrive at.”--SPENCER’S ESSAYS. Vol. iii., p. 104.--_The Origin of Animal Worship._

DREAMS.

“The distinction so easily made by us between our life in dreams and our real life, is one which the savage recognises in but a vague way; and he cannot express even that distinction which he perceives. When he awakes, and to those who have seen him lying quietly asleep, describes where he has been, and what he has done, his rude language fails to state the difference between seeing and dreaming that he saw, doing and dreaming that he did. From this inadequacy of his language it not only results that he cannot truly represent this difference to others, but also that he cannot truly represent it to himself.”--SPENCER’S ESSAYS. Vol. iii., pp. 103, 104.

SHADE OR SHADOW.

“The ghost or phantasm seen by the dreamer or the visionary is an unsubstantial form, like a shadow, and thus the familiar term of the _shade_ comes in to express the soul. Thus the Tasmanian word for the shadow is also that for the spirit; the Algonquin Indians describe a man’s soul as _otahchuk_, ‘his shadow;’ the Quiché language uses _natub_ for ‘shadow, soul;’ the Arawac _ueja_ means ‘shadow, soul, image;’ the Abipones made the one word _loákal_ serve for ‘shadow, soul, echo, image.’”--TYLOR’S _Primitive Culture_. Vol. i., p. 430.

SHADOW.

“Thus the dead in Purgatory knew that Dante was alive when they saw that, unlike theirs, his figure cast a shadow on the ground.”--TYLOR’S _Primitive Culture_. Vol. i., p. 431.

THE SOUL.

“The savage, conceiving a corpse to be deserted by the active personality who dwelt in it, conceives this active personality to be still existing, and his feelings and ideas concerning it form the basis of his superstitions.”--SPENCER’S ESSAYS. Vol. iii., p. 103.--_The Origin of Animal Worship._

TRANSMIGRATION.

“Whether the Buddhists receive the full Hindu doctrine of the migration of the individual soul from birth to birth, or whether they refine away into metaphysical subtleties the notion of continued personality, they do consistently and systematically hold that a man’s life in former existences is the cause of his now being what he is, while at this moment he is accumulating merit or demerit whose result will determine his fate in future lives.”--TYLOR’S _Primitive Culture_. Vol. ii., p. 12.

TRANSMIGRATION.

“Memory, it is true, fails generally to recall these past births, but memory, as we know, stops short of the beginning even of this present life.”--TYLOR’S _Primitive Culture_. Vol. ii., p. 12.

TRANSMIGRATION.

“As for believers, savage or civilised, in the great doctrine of metempsychosis, these not only consider that an animal may have a soul, but that this soul may have inhabited a human being, and thus the creature may be in fact their own ancestor or once familiar friend.”--TYLOR’S _Primitive Culture_. Vol. i., p. 469.

TREE-SOULS.

“Orthodox Buddhism decided against the tree-souls, and consequently against the scruple to harm them, declaring trees to have no mind nor sentient principle, though admitting that certain dewas or spirits do reside in the body of trees, and speak from within them.”--TYLOR’S _Primitive Culture_. Vol. i., p. 475.

THOS. DE LA RUE AND CO., PRINTERS, BUNHILL ROW, LONDON.

INDEX TO THE NOTES.

VOL. PAGE NOTE

Abstinence from Wine and Meat i. 23 52

Actors i. 218 188

Adoption i. 386 310
„ ii. 156 492
„ ii. 272 611

Adulteration ii. 332 675

Age of graduates i. 345 274

Age to marry i. 113 112

Alchemy i. 65 83
„ ii. 313 654

Alms’-bowl i. 246 211
„ i. 395 320

Amusements, Literary i. 215 186

Anatomy, Chinese ii. 253 590

“Angels” of Taoism i. 17 48

Arbiter of Life and Death i. 226 194

Archery i. 91 92

Aristocracy, The i. 186 156

Auspicious Sites i. 336 268

Bad Sons i. 147 131
„ „ ii. 212 545
„ „ ii. 281 622

Bambooing i. 55 76

Banquets, Theatrical Entertainments during ii. 54 396

Beadles ii. 17 373

Beauty, Chinese ii. 123 449

Beggars i. 246 212

Betrothals i. 108 108
„ i. 193 165
„ i. 227 195

Bikshu i. 395 320

Blowing into meat ii. 306 647

Blue China Epoch ii. 303 645

Bôdhisatva i. 208 182

Bridal procession i. 338 269

Bridegroom living in bride’s family i. 193 163

Brotherly deference i. 314 247
„ dependence i. 318 250

Brothers having separate establishments ii. 322 669

Brown deer of Formosa i. 399 329

Buddha, Repeating the name of i. 367 293

“Bull’s hide” trick, The ii. 180 518

Burials i. 197 171

Burying stray bones, &c. ii. 147 485

Caligraphy ii. 174 512

Capping verses i. 332 262
„ „ ii. 57 399

Cash i. 6 42
„ ii. 171 503

Cat and dog Restaurant ii. 308 649

Catalepsy i. 4 40
„ ii. 73 410

Celibacy i. 23 52

Censorate, The i. 229 197

Chai-mui i. 333 265

Chamber of Horrors i. 93 94

Change of residence i. 321 251

Charitable gifts i. 137 129

Chess, Chinese i. 46 66

Chou, General ii. 221 557

Chowry ii. 71 407

Clay-image makers ii. 276 616

Clepsydra i. 49 70

“Climbing trees to catch fish” ii. 305 646

Coffins i. 102 104
„ i. 197 172
„ deposited in Temples i. 237 203
„ for poor people ii. 316 658
„ Sleeping in ii. 354 691

Concubines i. 395 321

Confucius, Descendants of i. 33 61

Conservatism i. 427 348

Contemplation, Priestly ii. 71 406

Coroners ii. 196 530

Counting cattle, Method of ii. 255 594

Cow-herd and the Lady i. 27 55

Cricket-fighting i. 75 85

Crows, Feeding the i. 279 229

Cumquats ii. 301 644

Cycle, The Chinese i. 180 152

Cynthia, The Chinese i. 171 147

Damon and Pythias i. 166 143

Death i. 150 134
„ Fear of i. 101 103

Death-summons, The i. 150 134

Decapitation ii. 78 414

Degrees, The three i. 1 37

Devils, Good and bad ii. 201 534

Dice ii. 145 480

Divorce i. 360 288

Doctors ii. 293 634

Dogs, Chinese ii. 309 651

Dolphin, Fresh-water ii. 43 386

_Double-entendres_ ii. 176 515

Dragon-boat festival ii. 168 497

Dragons ii. 112 439
„ ii. 349 686

Dreams ii. 250 586

Dwarfs i. 224 193

Drunkenness i. 30 59
„ i. 365 292
„ ii. 30 378

Eating ii. 111 438

Education i. 297 237
„ ii. 322 668

Elixir of Immortality i. 19 49
„ „ ii. 168 498

Examinations, Competitive i. 195 168
„ „ ii. 64 403
„ „ ii. 91 426

Eye, Pupils of the i. 8 43

Fa Hsien’s journey ii. 232 567

Fabulous Lion ii. 343 682

Facing the South ii. 103 431

Falconry i. 22 51

Fan, An Autumn i. 361 289

Fantan i. 421 343

Fatalism i. 340 270

Feet of betrothed tied together i. 431 354

Fêng-Shui ii. 322 667

Feudal Governor ii. 287 628

“_Fiancé_,” Death of a i. 99 101

Figure-head ii. 54 395

Fire-wells ii. 238 575

Flageolets i. 28 58

Folk-lore in the North and South ii. 329 674

Fondness for children i. 401 332

Foot-binding i. 192 161

Fortune-tellers i. 47 68

Foundries, Iron ii. 216 549

Four Books, The i. 297 237

Four Seas, The ii. 116 444

Fox influence i. 32 60

Foxes, Soothsayers possessed by ii. 358 694

Gambling i. 421 343

Ganges, The ii. 28 377

Gates of a city shut at night ii. 262 598

Geese i. 255 217

“Gentleman,” The Chinese i. 168 145

Geomancy i. 227 195

Gioros i. 66 84

Girdles, The pearl i. 283 230

Glass i. 249 214
„ ii. 233 571

Go-betweens i. 187 157
„ ii. 154 490

God of War, The i. 2 39

“Golden lilies” i. 188 159

“Golden Orchid” Societies i. 196 170

Gongs ii. 105 433

Good fortune, Absorbing only a certain
quantity of i. 342 271

Graduates by purchase i. 202 177

Graduates, Senior i. 199 175

Grave, The i. 240 207

Great beam, Fixing the ii. 267 602

Greed ii. 74 411

Han dynasty i. 258 219

Han-lin, The Chinese National Academy i. 195 169

Heart, The i. 96 97,
98

Homicide i. 353 285

Honesty in olden times ii. 250 587

“Hsi-yüan-lu,” The i. 98 100

“Hu,” The name i. 89 90

Hué i. 397 325

Human life, Value of ii. 338 678

Hungry devils ii. 270 607

Immortality i. 157 139

Immortals, Record of the ii. 88 423

Imperial mandates ii. 240 578

Impressment i. 220 190

Infernal Regions ii. 95 427
„ „ ii. 354 690

Inheritance, Law of ii. 345 683

Initiation of a Priest ii. 69 405

Inner apartments i. 53 74
„ „ i. 252 215
„ „ ii. 46 388

Jelly-fish ii. 332 676

Judas tree ii. 151 488

Judges ii. 96 429

Jugglers ii. 189 527

Khakkharam, The i. 395 320

Kangs ii. 133 469

Keeping secret professional knowledge ii. 255 593

Kidnapping i. 183 154

Kite-flying Festival ii. 268 605

Knife Hill, The ii. 205 539

Kot‘ow, The i. 388 314

K‘u-ts‘an ii. 255 592

Kuan-yin i. 241 208

Lanterns, Feast of i. 99 102

Li T‘ai-poh ii. 144 476

Lictors ii. 205 537

Lighting the Eyes ii. 224 558

Lingering death, The i. 396 322

Literary chancellor ii. 284 626

Literati, The ii. 36 384

Literature, God of ii. 320 662

Liu Ch‘üan and the melon ii. 351 689

Living Lictors of Purgatory, The i. 207 180

Loans ii. 171 501

Locusts ii. 242 579

Lohans ii. 321 666

Long Robes ii. 273 612

Lots, Drawing ii. 73 409

Love-matches i. 115 113

Lucifer Matches ii. 120 447

Lunatics ii. 30 378

Lü Tung-pin ii. 296 639

Magic Sword i. 62 80

Mandarin Dialect i. 398 327

Manslaughter i. 222 192

Marriage Ceremonies i. 10 45
„ „ i. 181 153
„ „ i. 227 195
„ „ i. 228 196

Marriages i. 108 109
„ i. 193 165

Marrying a second time i. 112 110

Mars, The Chinese i. 2 39

Medical testimonials ii. 292 633

Memorial tablet, Inking ii. 224 558

Mercy, The Goddess of i. 241 208

Messengers of good tidings ii. 252 589

Milky way, The i. 152 135

Miracles i. 396 323

“Mirror and Listen” trick ii. 251 588

Misappropriation of funds ii. 224 559

Moon, The Goddess of the i. 19 49
„ The Lady of the i. 19 49

Mothers-in-law i. 315 249

Mourning for a father i. 199 174

Mules ii. 242 580

Murders i. 230 198

Names, Family i. 92 93
„ Personal ii. 132 466

Night, Divisions of the i. 215 187

Nine grades of official life i. 388 313

Nunneries i. 262 221

Oath of confederation ii. 146 482

Oblivion, Potion of ii. 207 544

Official corruption ii. 79 415
„ responsibility i. 232 199

Officials i. 237 202

Old age ii. 31 379

Olive, the sign of peace i. 324 256

Paper men i. 49 71
„ money i. 391 317
„ „ ii. 172 505

Pao Shu i. 166 143

Patra, The i. 395 320
„ „ i. 246 211

Pawn-shops i. 198 173

Persia ii. 25 376

Phœnix Tower ii. 270 608

Physiognomy, Professors of ii. 290 630

Planchette ii. 295 638

Playing _wei-ch‘i_ for money ii. 271 609

Poetical proficiency i. 33 62

Police system i. 221 191

Politeness ii. 203 536

Poor scholars i. 160 142

Pope of the Taoists i. 118 114

Porterage ii. 181 519

Posthumous Honours i. 305 241

Praying for good or bad weather ii. 294 637

Praying-mat ii. 183 521

Precedence at table i. 332 261

Predestination i. 48 69
„ i. 156 138

Primogeniture i. 203 179

Prisoners in China i. 372 299
„ „ ii. 96 428
„ „ ii. 261 597

P‘u-hsien, God of Action ii. 232 569

Pulse, The i. 39 64

Punishments i. 381 306

Pupils taken by priests ii. 119 446

Purgatory, Capital of ii. 238 575

Quail-fighting i. 75 85

Quail’s Tail, A i. 209 183

Rebel, The first ii. 52 392

Red-garment figure, The i. 19 50

Red-haired barbarians ii. 179 517

Relationship, Test of ii. 278 619

Religion and the drama i. 345 277

Resemblance between soul and body ii. 280 620

Retinues of mandarins i. 389 315
„ „ ii. 174 510
„ „ ii. 175 513

Returning invitations ii. 227 561

Revenge i. 310, 243,
311 244
„ for adultery i. 62 81

Reward of filial piety i. 351 283

Rising when spoken to ii. 280 621

Roc, The ii. 341 680

Rosary, The Buddhist i. 369 295

Royal Mother, The ii. 187 525

Rulers of animal and vegetable kingdoms i. 292 235

Running water ii. 110 437

Sacred edict, The i. 203 179

Sale of children i. 183 154
„ degrees ii. 170 499

Salt monopoly ii. 215 547

“Same-year men” i. 136 128

Saving life ii. 200 533
„ „ ii. 214 546

Scribbling and carving names ii. 123 451

Sea-serpent, The ii. 113 441

Secret societies i. 196 170

Sections of Purgatory, The nine ii. 205 538

Senses, The five i. 259 220

Separation of sexes ii. 167 496

Shaking hands i. 287 233
„ „ ii. 151 489

Sham entertainment i. 323 254

Shampooing ii. 53 393

“Shang-yang” brings rain ii. 131 464

“Shoes” of silver i. 148 133

Short weights ii. 325 670

Shun, The Emperor i. 37 63

Shun Chih, The Emperor ii. 184 522

Sickness i. 107 107

Six Boards, The i. 26 54

Slave-girls’ feet i. 430 353

Slavery i. 211 185

Small feet i. 76 86
„ „ i. 192 161
„ waists ii. 47 390

Sons i. 64 82

Spirit calling i. 189 160
„ entering another’s body ii. 24 375

Spirits, Disembodied i. 79 87
„ „ i. 119 115
„ „ i. 123 119
„ „ i. 157 139

Spiritualistic _séances_ ii. 133 467

Sponge, A i. 248 213

Spring festival ii. 186 524

Squeezes i. 219 189

Staff of Buddhist priests, The i. 395 320

Stealing, Pardonable ii. 217 551

Strong rooms ii. 172 504

Styx, The ii. 216 548

Subscriptions ii. 220 556

Substantiality of ghosts i. 239 205
„ „ ii. 236 574

Substitution theory i. 334 267

Suicide i. 311 244
„ Meritorious ii. 142 475

Superior man, The i. 168 145

Supernatural government i. 292 235

Supreme Ruler, The i. 242 209

Surnames, Common i. 210 184

Sutra, The Diamond i. 238 204

Tails of horses not cut ii. 286 627

Taking life i. 79 88

Talking when born i. 243 210

Tao i. 14 46

Taot‘ai ii. 229 562

Tartar general ii. 128 461

Temples, Repairs to ii. 127 460

Theatricals i. 218 188

Threshing-floors ii. 236 573

Thunder, God of i. 43 65
„ „ ii. 112 440

Ting P‘u-lang ii. 109 435

Titles of Nobility i. 305 241

Torture ii. 81 417
„ Supply of instruments of ii. 238 576

Tree worship ii. 72 408

Trousseau, Bride’s i. 256 218

Tung-t‘ing Lake i. 271 226

Types of friendship i. 166 143

Tzŭ-ang, a Chinese Landseer ii. 287 629

Ulysses, A Chinese i. 91 91

Ushnisha, The ii. 320 665

Valuables in coffins i. 311 245

Verdict i. 56 78

Visiting the tutor ii. 126 458

Vital spots on the body ii. 356 693

Wang Wei, The poet ii. 149 487

Washing-blocks ii. 315 656

Watchmen i. 51 72

Wedding-presents i. 28 57

Wei-ch‘i ii. 268 604

Wên-shu, the God of Wisdom ii. 232 569

White Lily sect ii. 189 526

Widowers ii. 183 520

Widows ii. 39 385

Windows i. 61 79

Wine ii. 259, 595,
260 596

Wine-cup upside down, Turning the i. 264 224

Wine taken hot ii. 144 477

Witnesses in a court of justice ii. 156 491

Women ride astride i. 354 286

Wooden fish, The ii. 195 529

Works of supererogation i. 426 346

Worldly-mindedness ii. 312 653

Wu Wang i. 278 228

Yamên i. 2 38

Yang Ta-hung ii. 310 652

Yang-tsze, The ii. 176 514

Years, Names of i. 113 111

Yellow girdles i. 66 84

_Yin_ and the _yang_, The i. 176 150

Yojana, A i. 394 319

Yü-chiao-li, The ii. 164 495

_BY THE SAME AUTHOR:--_

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HAND-BOOK OF THE SWATOW DIALECT.
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* * * * *

TRANSCRIBER'S NOTE

This book was printed in two volumes, of which this is a combination.

Italic text is denoted by _underscores_.

Obvious typographical errors repaired. Punctuation, spelling, hyphenation, use of accented characters and stylistic presentation standardized when a predominant preference was found in this book. Capitalization and hyphenation of Chinese personal names has been standardized. Otherwise left as printed.

Footnote numbers were re-indexed in this electronic text, internal references renumbered correspondingly.

Footnote 46, ‘old’ changed to ‘odd’ (presenting a very odd appearance).

Footnote 109, ‘Marriages’ changed to ‘Marriage’ (Marriage between persons of the same surname is forbidden).

Footnote 267, ‘CVI’ changed to ‘CVII.’ (later story (No. CVII.),).

Footnote 427, ‘excepting’ changed to ‘except’ (except in the matter of light).

Footnote 447, ‘of’ added (first quarter of the present century).

Footnote 479, ‘denôuement’ changed to ‘dénouement’ (important to the _dénouement_ of the story).

Footnote 495, ‘dénoûement’ changed to ‘dénouement’ (The _dénouement_ of the _Yü-chiao-li_).

Footnote 527, ‘Ibu’ changed to ‘Ibn’ (Ibn Batuta writes as follows).

Footnote 679, ‘LXVII.’ changed to ‘LXVIII.’ (See No. LXVIII.).

Page i-36, ‘villanous’ changed to ‘villainous’ (he writes a villainous hand).

Page i-86, ‘dare’ changed to ‘dared’ (nobody dared go near her).

Page i-306, ‘grottos’ changed to ‘grottoes’ (from each of the holes or grottoes on the stone).

Page i-378, ‘Shan’ changed to ‘Shan-hu’ (Shan-hu held out her arms).

Page i-408, ‘watching’ changed to ‘watched’ (watched the moon rising in the east).

Page i-411, ‘bid’ changed to ‘bade’ (Wang’s father bade him hide).

Page ii-19, ‘of’ added (a number of curious stones).

Page ii-65, ‘be’ changed to ‘he’ (but he soon reflected).

Page ii-145, ‘sung’ changed to ‘sang’ (whereupon he sang the following lines).

Page ii-198, ‘he’ changed to ‘be’ (that he would be only too happy).

Page ii-208, ‘according’ changed to ‘accordingly’ (accordingly, when the King was looking).

Page ii-254, ‘Ch‘êng’ changed to ‘Ch‘ên’ (This frightened Ch‘ên).

Page ii-255, ‘Ch‘êng’ changed to ‘Ch‘ên’ (Ch‘ên himself was a cattle-farmer).

Page ii-286, ‘servants’ changed to ‘servant’ (rode away, telling his servant).

Page ii-287, ‘a Mr. Ts‘ui’ changed to ‘Mr. Ts‘ui’ (who lived next door to Mr. Ts‘ui).

Page ii-41, ‘He then bit her across the neck’ should probably be ‘He then hit her across the neck’.