Chapter X: Part 10

No doubt the same afterwards occupied by Sir William and Lady Segar,
and Lord Bothwell (see plan of 1658 in _Black Books of Lincoln’s Inn_,
Vol, II.) The easternmost portion of the northern boundary of Purse
Field is described as “the late garden wall of Sir William Seager,
Knt.” in the grant of the field to Newton in 1638 (_Patent Roll_, 13
Charles I. (2775)), and as “the garden of Bothwell House” in the sale
of that part of the field in 1653 (_Close Roll_, 1653
(3715))—(Indenture between Humfrey Newton and Arthur Newman).

Footnote 29:

It is no doubt this intermixture of gardens and houses that caused the
peculiar shape of Partridge Alley, seen on the map accompanying
Strype’s edition of Stow (Plate 5), and better still on Hollar’s Plan
of 1658 (Plate 3).

Footnote 30:

It is strange, however, that her will (_Somerset House Wills, Hayes_,
61) bequeathing her property to her son, Sir George Carew, only
mentions “all such _leases_ as are in my possession, as _inter alia_
Savoy, St. Giles.”

Footnote 31:

_Close Roll_, 16 Charles I. (3228).

Footnote 32:

_Chancery Proceedings_, Bridges XX, 45. Suit of Henry Harwell.

Footnote 33:

_Chancery Decree Roll_, 1922. Suit of William Duckett and Hugh Speaks
against Henry Harwell, George Smithson, Daniel Thelwall and William
Byerly.

Footnote 34:

_Privy Council Register_, Vol. 47, p. 24.

Footnote 35:

_Chancery Proceedings, Bridges_, 447–82. Suit of Peter Broome and
Thos. Barker.

Footnote 36:

_Close Roll_, 28 Elizabeth (1263).

Footnote 37:

On 13th June, 1592, administration of probate was granted to John
Buck’s widow, Margaret Buck. He had, therefore, died quite a short
time previously (_Arch. London Probate Acts_, II., 88).

Footnote 38:

_Close Roll_, 25 Elizabeth (1155).

Footnote 39:

_Close Roll_, 10 Charles I. (3018).

Footnote 40:

_Close Roll_, 13 Charles II. (4086).

Footnote 41:

_Middlesex Registry Memorials_, 1716, III., 63.

Footnote 42:

_Close Roll_, 15 Charles II. (4143).

Footnote 43:

John Apsley sold the inn in 1639 to Daniel Thelwall, William Bierley
and Sir Chas. Dallison. See _Close Roll_, 22 Charles I.
(3343)—Indenture between Dallison, Thelwall, Bierley, and George
Smithson _and_ George Gentleman.

Footnote 44:

_Close Roll_, 5 James I. (1910). Indenture between Gregory Miller and
Geo. Flower.

Footnote 45:

Parton (_Hospital and Parish of St. Giles-in-the-Fields_, p. 354)
records the fact of the residence of Sir Anthony Ashley and Sir John
Cowper (see above) in Thornton’s Alley.

Footnote 46:

_Middlesex Feet of Fines_, 16 Elizabeth, Easter.

Footnote 47:

_Close Roll_, 2 Charles I. (2677). Indenture between Frederick Johnson
and Mary Worliche and Francis Cole.

Footnote 48:

_Close Roll_, 5 Charles I. (2800). Indenture between Francis Cole and
Robert Offley.

Footnote 49:

See warrant given in Indenture of 9th April, 1630, between Wm. and
Joan Newton _and_ Anthony Bailey and John Johnson. (_Close Roll_, 6
Charles I. (2853). Newton, the designer of Lincoln’s Inn Fields, had
married the daughter and heir of Gregory Miller, son of John.)

Footnote 50:

_Survey of London_, Vol. III. (St. Giles-in-the-Fields, Part I.) pp.
5–6.

Footnote 51:

_Close Roll_, 15 Chas. I. (3193).

Footnote 52:

_Close Rolls_, 20th July, 1639, between William Newton and Lewis
Richard (15 Chas. I. (3191)); 15th March, 1638–9, between Wm. Newton
and John Giffard (15 Chas. I. (3188)); 1st October, 1657, between
Humfrey Newton and Arthur Newman (1657 (3945)).

Footnote 53:

The houses to the south of Fortescue’s premises seem to have been
built originally as three houses. The southern boundary of Fortescue’s
houses is said to be “a greate house lately built by the said William
Newton.” This, according to the Hearth Tax Rolls, was the Earl of
Northampton’s mansion. Then came “a faire messuage or howse of one
Master Crewe,” and to the south of this, at the corner of Great Queen
Street, and having a width from north to south of 42 feet, was in 1648
a plot of ground on which “Henry Massingberd intends to erect a
house.” (_Close Roll_, 24 Chas. I. (3411.) Indenture between Humfrey
Newton and Henry Massingberd.) If, however, only one house was built
on this plot, it was divided quite early, as the premises already
appear in two occupations in the Hearth Tax Roll for 1666.

Footnote 54:

One of the two houses was in 1643 in the tenure of Sir John Thimbleby
(_Close Roll_, 18 Chas. I. (3295)—Indenture between John Fortescue
_and_ John Pynchon and Wm. Barnard).

Footnote 55:

Moved to No. 1, Lincoln’s Fields, in 1743 (_Survey of London_, Vol.
III., p. 24.)

Footnote 56:

_British Museum Additional MS._, 11,411, ff. 70 and 77.

Footnote 57:

_Ibid._, f. 17_b._

Footnote 58:

Reproduced here.

Footnote 59:

See _Land Revenue Enrolments_, Book IV., No. 52, p. 120.

Footnote 60:

_Patent Roll_, 7 Jas. I. (1802) (Translated from the Latin).

Footnote 61:

_Parliamentary Survey_ (Augmentation Office), No. 25.
Middlesex—tenements in St. Giles-in-the-Fields and High Holborn.

Footnote 62:

_Close Roll_, 7 Jas. I. (1971).

Footnote 63:

_Close Roll_, 8 Jas. I. (2032).

Footnote 64:

See p. 36.

Footnote 65:

_Close Roll_, 9 Jas. I. (2083).

Footnote 66:

_Middlesex Feet of Fines_, 10 Jas. I., Easter.

Footnote 67:

_Close Roll_, 13 Chas. II. (4084). Indenture between Thos. Newton and
Geo. Goodman _and_ Arthur Newman. William Lane, by his will dated 15th
February, 1653–4, left nine messuages in Holborn to his grandson, who
enjoyed two-thirds leaving one-third to his grandmother Elinor. The
premises were rebuilt about 1698–1701. (_Chancery Proceedings_,
_Bridges_, 328–31. Suit of Roger Reading, 3rd February, 1703–4.)

Footnote 68:

In 1618 William Taylor was reported to the Privy Council for building
a house “in Fawlcon yard in the upper end of Holborne where none was
before.” (_Privy Council Register_, No. 29, 493).

Footnote 69:

_Survey of London_, Vol. III. (St. Giles-in-the-Fields, Part I.), p.
7.

Footnote 70:

_Privy Council Register_, Vol. 47, p. 410.

Footnote 71:

_Inquisitio Ad Quod Damnum—Brevia Regia_, Petty Bag Office, No. 17.

Footnote 72:

_Petition of the Lord Mayor_, _etc._, dated 10th April, 1635.
(_Calendar of State Papers_, _Domestic_, 1635–6, p. 17).

Footnote 73:

_Privy Council Register_, Vol. 47, p. 370.

Footnote 74:

_Close Roll_, 16 Chas. I. (3232)—Indenture between Henry Darrell and
Mary Blague.

Footnote 75:

_I.e._, “very well with brick and covered with tyle.”

Footnote 76:

In the case of Shenton’s tenements, built probably at about the same
time, it is known that rebuilding was carried out before October,
1682. (_Chancery Proceedings_, _Bridges_, 271–13. Suit of Elizabeth
Stratton).

Footnote 77:

_3rd Report of H.M. Commissioners of Woods and Forests_ (1819), App.
2, pp. 38–9.

Footnote 78:

Reproduced here.

Footnote 79:

_Close Roll_, 1650 (3510)—Indenture between William Short, Gregory
Short and William and Magdalen Curtis _and_ Thomas and Elinor Vaughan.

Footnote 80:

_Middlesex Feet of Fines_, 1650, Easter.

Footnote 81:

_Close Roll_, 18 Chas. II. (4195).

Footnote 82:

_Exchequer Pleas_ 582 (2)—Suit of William Bell (Easter term, 18 Chas.
I.) against Sir Samuel Somaster.

Footnote 83:

Blott’s suggestion (_Blemundsbury_, pp. 201–2) that the place referred
to was Little Turnstile, has nothing to recommend it.

Footnote 84:

_Calendar State Papers, Domestic_, 1629–31, p. 284.

Footnote 85:

_Ibid._, pp. 321–2.

Footnote 86:

_Exchequer Pleas_ 582 (2), cited above.

Footnote 87:

See p. 107.

Footnote 88:

_Close Roll_, 9 Eliz. (742)—Indenture, dated 1st February, 1566–7,
between Lord and Lady Mountjoy and Edward Kingston.

Footnote 89:

The southernmost of the three northerly houses mentioned above.

Footnote 90:

_Close Roll_, 24 Eliz. (1129)—Indenture, dated 30th July, 1582,
between Jas. Briscowe, etc., and Jas. Mascall.

Footnote 91:

See p. 27.

Footnote 92:

It will be remembered that the houses, including, and for a little
distance west of, No. 198, High Holborn (the Public Library), are on
the site of Rose Field (see p. 18).

Footnote 93:

_Inquisitiones Post Mortem_, _Middx._, Series II., vol. 208.

Footnote 94:

Together with a moiety of the three northernmost of the 8 houses and
of other property on the north side of High Holborn, acquired by
Mascall of Edward Kingston.

Footnote 95:

_Close Roll_, 11 Chas. I. (3057)—Indenture between Thos. Godman and
Olive his wife _and_ Francis Gerard and Frances his wife.

Footnote 96:

Blott’s _Blemundsbury_, p. 381.

Footnote 97:

As showing the connection between the Gerard and Cole families
attention may be drawn to the fact that Philip Gerard, successor of
Francis Gerard in Drury Lane, and probably his son, was associated
with Salomon Cole in a deed relating to property at King’s Gate.
(_Close Roll_, 1658—Indenture between Sir Thos. Fisher, Gerard and
Cole _and_ John Plumer).

Footnote 98:

_Close Roll_, 1655 (3857)—Indenture between Chas. Lovell, etc., and
Philip Wetherell.

Footnote 99:

_Middlesex Registry Memorials_, 1756, II., 325–6—Indenture between
John Smart and John Higgs.

Footnote 100:

_Middlesex Registry Memorials_, 1717, II., 272.

Footnote 101:

Reproduced here.

Footnote 102:

Parton’s _Hospital and Parish of St. Giles-in-the-Fields_, p. 71.

Footnote 103:

From deeds quoted by Parton (_Hospital and Parish of St. Giles_) it is
evident that in the 13th century Drury Lane was known as “Aldewych” or
“Via de Aldewych.” The name “Drury Lane,” given later, was no doubt
due to the existence of Drury House near the Strand end of the road.
How late “Via de Aldewych” was used there is nothing to show. In
certain deeds of the 17th century (_e.g._, _Close Roll_, 24 November,
8 Charles I.—Indenture between Francis, Lord Russell, and Earl of
Bedford _and_ John, Earl of Bristol, etc.) the road is called “Drury
Lane _alias_ Fortescue Lane.” It is just possible that the latter name
is to be connected with Sir John Fortescue, who held the Elm Field
(_i.e._, the land between Castle Street and Long Acre) in the reign of
Henry VI. (_Close Roll_, 30 Henry VI. (302)—Grant by John Crouton and
Wm. Horn to John and Katherine Nayler); in fact there is reason for
thinking that the “viam regiam ducentem ... a villa Sci. Egidii versus
Bosomysynne modo Johis. Fortescue militis” mentioned in the same deed
is actually Drury Lane. The road seems also to have gone by the name
of St. Giles’s Lane in the early part of the 17th century. (See p.
35_n_.)

Footnote 104:

See p. 107.

Footnote 105:

They appear together as witnesses in many deeds. Two deeds bearing the
name of William Christmas as witness can be dated with certainty
1257–8 and 1276.

Footnote 106:

Blott’s statement that here “stood the mansion house of the
Christmasse family, with its pasture land and orchard bordering the
King’s Highway, Oldborne, the domain reaching to Ficquet Fields,” goes
beyond the evidence, and his imaginative history, based on an
identification of “John of Good Memory,” late chaplain of St. Giles,
mentioned in Henry II.’s Charter (_not_ the original foundation
charter, as Blott says), with a John Christmas = John de Cruce the
elder = John de Fonte the elder (all equally hypothetical persons) is
absolutely unjustifiable (_Blemundsbury_, pp. 333–4).

Footnote 107:

_Augmentation Office_, Deeds of purchase and exchange, E. 19.

Footnote 108:

The premises, together with a cottage and Purse Field with the
pightells, were farmed to her on 6 June, 1524, by the Master of Burton
Lazars, and it is stated that she was then living there. (_Patent
Roll_, 7 Elizabeth, pt. 3, Grant to Thos. Jordayne.)

Footnote 109:

“Et de liij^s iiij^d de Willelmo Hosyer pro redditu cujusdam messuagii
vocati le White Harte in Hamelett S^{ci} Egidii et xviij acr’ pasture
ac unius parvi clausi vocati Pale Close.” (_Ministers’ Accounts_,
2101, Henry VIII.)

Footnote 110:

Uncertainty on this point and on the date of the period of his tenancy
unfortunately stands in the way of accepting the following note as a
contribution to the history of _The White Hart_. “Will. Hosyer, of St.
Giles-in-the-Fields, London—Licence (he having had his house burnt
down 9th Oct. last [1539] and lost all his goods therein to the value
of £200) to collect alms in England and Wales for his relief.”
(_Patent Roll_, 32 Henry VIII. pt. 4.)

Footnote 111:

_Close Roll_, 9 Eliz. (733)—Indenture between Lord Mountjoy and Geo.
Harrison; and _Close Roll_, 24 Eliz. (1129)—Indenture between Jas.
Briscowe, etc., and Jas. Mascall. Cockshott was apparently there in
1579, for the piece of ground or garden plot which 12 years before had
been used as “a greate garden belonginge to ... the _White Harte_,”
(_Close Roll_, 9 Eliz. (742)—Indenture between Lord Mountjoy and
Edward Kyngston) was in that year described as “then or late in the
tenure of Richard Cockeshute.” (_Close Roll_, 21 Eliz.
(1058)—Indenture between Ed. Kyngston and James Mascall.)

Footnote 112:

Parton, _Hospital and Parish of St. Giles-in-the-Fields_, pp. 131–2.

Footnote 113:

See _Land Revenue Enrolments_, Book IV., No. 52, p. 120.

Footnote 114:

Situated on the north side of High Holborn, just to the west of the
present junction with New Oxford Street.

Footnote 115:

It will be seen that the present _Ye Olde White Hart_, No. 191, Drury
Lane, is not on the site either of the old _White Hart_, or even of
the land formerly belonging to it.

Footnote 116:

Parton, _Hospital and Parish of St. Giles_, p. 238.

Footnote 117:

Reproduced here.

Footnote 118:

The course of this stream as shown in the map accompanying Volume III.
of the _Survey of London_ requires a slight modification, as deeds,
which have since come to light, show that to the south of High Holborn
it followed exactly the winding red line indicating the course of the
later sewer, and not the straight line there suggested.

Footnote 119:

_Close Roll_, 1657 (3940).—Indenture between William Short and Edward
Tooke.

Footnote 120:

Thomas Burton’s land, which included the site of all the houses in
Drury Lane mentioned in the above deed, had a width along that street
of 233 feet. These houses reached as far south as the house belonging
to Mr. Fotherley, on whose garden St. Thomas’s Street was subsequently
formed. (Parton, _Hospital and Parish of St. Giles-in-the-Fields_, p.
275.) The distance between the boundary line and the northern side of
Shelton Street, the modern representative of St. Thomas’s Street, is
243 feet, thus allowing a 10 feet extension of the garden northwards
beyond the street.

Footnote 121:

See p. 20.

Footnote 122:

The occupier of _The Rose_ at this time was Richard Taylor. See
Petition of Geo. Sutton complaining of a confederacy between Taylor
and “one Thomas Barnett, brewer,” to whom Taylor had let the premises
after Sutton had given him lawful warning to avoid. (_Augmentation
Proceedings_, 22–25.) The property is described as “one tenement
called _The Roose_, lieing and being within the said parish of Saint
Gyles in the feldes, with one barne and syxe acres of land, with
appurtenances to the same.”

Footnote 123:

_Close Roll_, 42 Elizabeth (1666).

Footnote 124:

_Augmentation Office, Miscellaneous Books_, 140, p. 56.

Footnote 125:

_Hospital and Parish of St. Giles-in-the-Fields_, p. 239.

Footnote 126:

_Close Roll_, 22 Chas. II. (4290).—Indenture between Sarah Hooper,
etc., and Anthony Hannott.

Footnote 127:

_Middlesex Registry Memorials_, 1723, III., 289, 390.

Footnote 128:

The entries in the ratebook, from the corner of Duke Street (now
represented by the first courtyard to the east of Grape Street) to the
corner of Bow Street, are as follows:—Jonathan Dodswell, 2 houses
(£20); Samuel Chandler (£20); Nathaniel Chandler (£25); John Lacost
(£25); Mr. Anthony Elmes (£70); Thomas Gwilliam (£20); Alexander
Masters (£16); John Pettit (£10).

Footnote 129:

This rough identification is confirmed by the fact that _The Rose_ can
be shown by comparison of particulars given in various deeds to have
been the 8th house westward from the Pale Pingle, the westernmost
limit of which seems to have been opposite the centre of the frontage
of the _White Hart_ property. (See Plate 2).

Footnote 130:

_Middlesex Feet of Fines_, 16 Chas. I., Trin. Of course, in the
absence of more definite details, there is nothing to _prove_ that
this refers to _The Rose_.

Footnote 131:

_Close Roll_, 1650 (3542).—Indenture between William Short and Thos.
Walker, Peter Mills _and_ Richd. Horseman.

Footnote 132:

See p. 31.

Footnote 133:

“July 8, 1640. Warrant to the Petty Constables of the parishes of St.
Giles-in-the-Fields and St. Clement’s Danes to give notice to the
persons whose names are underwritten to appear ... before Sir John
Hippisley and Sir Henry Spiller to show cause why they neglect and
refuse to cleanse and repair their parts of a common sewer near
Lewknor’s lane, St. Giles-in-the-Fields, which has become a public
nuisance.” (_Calendar of State Papers, Domestic_, 1640, p. 459). This
sewer, which ran about 74 feet north of Lewknor’s lane (Parton’s
_Hospital and Parish of St. Giles_, p. 101), seems to have originally,
as an open ditch, formed the boundary between Rose Field and Bear
Close.

Footnote 134:

Either this means that Short had purchased a portion of Bear Close,
or, more probably, it refers to that portion of Rose Field which
bounded Bear Close on the east. This had before 1650 been sold to
Thomas Grover. (_Close Roll_, 1654 (3813).—Indenture between William
Short and Wm. Atkinson.)

Footnote 135:

_Close Roll_, 1657 (3940)—Indenture between William Short and Edward
Tooke.

Footnote 136:

_Privy Council Register_, vol. 258, 46.

Footnote 137:

See letters from him addressed to (_a_) the Earl of Pembroke, 22nd
November, 1620; (_b_) Secretary Conway, 23rd November, 1623 (_Calendar
of State Papers, Domestic_, 1619–23, p. 194, and 1623–5, p. 117).

Footnote 138:

It need hardly be said that Blott’s (_Blemundsbury_, pp. 357–362)
identification of Lewknor’s house with “Cornwallis House, Drury Lane,”
the residence of Sir William Cornwallis, “adjoining the grounds of the
White Hart Inn ... at the Holborn end of Drury Lane” is a pure
fiction. There is no evidence that Sir William Cornwallis ever lived
in Drury Lane. His statement that “it is a long task to trace how the
Christmasse estate passed into the Cornwallis family, who appears to
have been the immediate successors to the great inheritance in Drury
Lane,” is delightful, seeing that “the Christmasse estate” was
situated at White Hart corner, and the Cornwallis “inheritance,”
which, by the way, was acquired only in 1613, some years after Sir
William Cornwallis’s death, consisted of Purse Field, which nowhere
reached within 500 feet of Drury Lane.

Footnote 139:

_Coram Rege Roll_, Easter term, 17 Chas. II., No. 469.

Footnote 140:

_Close Roll_, 1650 (3542).—Indenture between William Short and
Thomas Walker, Peter Mills _and_ Richard Horseman.

Footnote 141:

This is stated in the deed (20 June, 1652) relating to the sale of the
property by George Evelyn (who had married Sir John Cotton’s widow) to
John Fotherley (_Common Pleas, Recovery Roll_, 1652, Trin., 278), and
Cotton’s name is given in respect of the house in the Subsidy Roll of
1646.

Footnote 142:

See, _e.g._—Indenture between Henry Fotherley Whitfield and Joseph
King (_Middlesex Registry Memorials_, 1766, I., 379) concerning a
parcel of ground in “St. Thomas’s Street, now intended to be called
King Street.”

Footnote 143:

Lease dated 23rd February, 1619–20, by Thomas Burton to Edmund Edlyn,
quoted in Blott’s _Blemundsbury_, pp. 358–9. It should be explained
that Walter Burton had sublet to Thomas Burton a portion of the ground
leased to him by William Short.

Footnote 144:

It should be noticed that the eastern portion of Parker Street (beyond
the alley lying to the east of the Kingsway Theatre) is on the site of
Purse Field, not of Rose Field.

Footnote 145:

_Hospital and Parish of St. Giles_, p. 358.

Footnote 146:

“Philip Parcar, for 5 houses built neare Drury Lane in Parcar’s Lane,
to the Star Chamber.” (_Privy Council Register_ (1633–4), vol. 258,
No. 46).

Footnote 147:

Philip Parker is seen in a different role in the following:
“Recognisances ... for the appearance of ... William Hartoppe ... to
answer ... for refusinge to ayde Phillip Parker to search for a
seminary priest in the house of John Clarke, of St. Gyles in the
Feildes” (11th April, 1626) (_Middlesex Sessions Rolls_, III., p.
160).

Footnote 148:

Reproduced here.

Footnote 149:

A change of tenancy in 1775 is accompanied by an increase in the
rateable value from £8 to £18.

Footnote 150:

Reproduced here.

Footnote 151:

_Close Roll_, 9 Elizabeth (748)—Indenture, dated 20th January, 1566–7,
between Lord and Lady Mountjoy and Richard Holford.

Footnote 152:

From other documents it is quite obvious that this must be another
name for Purse Field, but the name has not been met with elsewhere.

Footnote 153:

The deeds show that all the western portion of Parker Street, both
south and north sides, was in Rose Field, and all the western part of
Great Queen Street was in Aldwych Close.

Footnote 154:

This was the line of the sewer, or open stream, which formed the
western boundary of Purse Field. In later deeds relating to the
central portion of Aldwych Close, the latter is described as extending
to the common sewer on the east side towards Lincoln’s Inn. (See
_e.g._ _Recovery Roll_, 1633, 9 Chas. I., Easter (201).)

Footnote 155:

See p. 124.

Footnote 156:

_Inquisitiones Post Mortem (Middlesex)_, 18 Eliz., vol. 174 (32).

Footnote 157:

_I.e._, according to a deed referred to in the inquisition on Henry
Holford (16th June, 1624) (_Ibid._, 22 Jas. I., vol. 428 (87)). There
was also, however, or there had been three years before, “a little
howse, forge or shedd” on what was afterwards the north-west corner of
Great Queen Street (_Close Roll_, 40 Eliz. (1597)—Demise by Henry
Holford to Henry Foster, Margaret Foster and Henry Warner).

Footnote 158:

Recited in lease of 30th April, 1607, by Walter Burton to Thomas
Burton, in possession of the London County Council.

Footnote 159:

See p. 40.

Footnote 160:

See indentures between Richard Holford _and_ Robert Stratton and
Edward Stratton respectively, dated 28th July, 1635, and 24th April,
1658. (_Close Rolls_, 11 Chas. I. (3060) and 1658 (3984)).

Footnote 161:

This triangular piece, and the ground on which the houses on the south
side of Kemble Street are built, both originally being portions of
Aldwych Close, have recently been taken out of the Parish of St.
Giles-in-the-Fields.

Footnote 162:

“The private way in Oldwitch Close for the King and Councell to passe
through leading from St. Giles his lane in the feildes east towardes
Holborne.” (_Close Roll_, 22 James I. (2601)—Indenture between Jane
and Richard Holford and Jeoffery Prescott.)

Footnote 163:

The two gates are referred to in the petition (ascribed to March,
1632), of the Surveyor-General of His Majesty’s Ways, who complained
that on the day before the King and Queen went last to Theobalds, he
warned Richard Powell, the scavenger for High Holborn, to cleanse _the
passage between the two gates_ in Holborn, where many loads of noisome
soil lay stopping up the way; but Powell neglected to do this, and at
the time of the Royal passage a cart laden with soil stood in the
passage blocking the way. (_Calendar of State Papers, Domestic_,
1631–3, p. 298.)

Footnote 164:

On 31st October, 1617, a warrant was issued to Thos. Norton, “Surveyor
of His Majesty’s Wayes and Passages,” calling attention to the fact
that in spite of the King’s commands, “sundry persons have gotten and
used false keyes for opening the lockes and gates of His Majesties
private passages through the feildes neere the Cittie of London, and
that divers unruly coachmen, carters, and others, have and doe use
with great hammers and other like tools to breake open the said
gates.” (_Privy Council Register_, XXIX., 153.) This warrant seems
almost too late to refer to Great Queen Street, and yet the fact that
it also deals with the steps to be taken against “one Holford and his
tennantes” for their default in allowing “the streete in Drury Lane in
his Ma^{ties} ordinary way” to be very noisome, seems to point to the
Theobalds route. Perhaps the fields north of Holborn are referred to.

Footnote 165:

The entrance became known as “Hell Gate” or “Devil’s Gap.” The
widening of the street to its present measurements is said to have
been carried out in 1765 (Blott’s _Blemundsbury_, p. 370).

Footnote 166:

_Calendar of State Papers, Domestic_, 1611–18, James I., vol. 69 (36).
Robert Cecil was created Earl of Salisbury in May, 1605; he died in
May, 1612.

Footnote 167:

This form of the name occurs frequently.

Footnote 168:

See p. 14.

Footnote 169:

In January, 1669–70, references occur to “John Jones, the master of
the White Swan in Queen Street, Drury Lane,” and “John Jones,
victualler, at the White Swan in Queen’s Street” (_Historical MSS.
Commission, Ho. of Commons Calendar_, App. to 8th Rep. I., 155_b_,
157_a_). As late as 8th April, 1677, a letter was addressed to “Don
Manuel Fonseca, Queen Street” (_Calendar of State Papers, Domestic_,
1677–8, p. 82). On the other hand, the title Great Queen Street is
found in 1667 as the address of Viscount Conway (_Ibid._, 1667, p.
535), and occurs even in a passage which must have been written at
least fifteen years earlier (see p. 50).

Footnote 170:

See, _e.g._ Wheatley and Cunningham’s _London, Past and Present_,
III., p. 135: “The houses in the first instance were built on the
south side only”; Heckethorn’s _Lincoln’s Inn Fields_, p. 171;
Parton’s _Hospital and Parish of St. Giles_, p. 133.

Footnote 171:

See p. 50.

Footnote 172:

See p. 35.

Footnote 173:

Lease to Edward Fort of 18th May, 1612, quoted in indenture of 10th
February, 1625, between Jane and Richard Holford _and_ Jeoffery
Prescott (_Close Roll_, 22 Jas. I. (2601)).

Footnote 174:

In the absence of deeds relating to the early history of Nos. 14–35,
it is impossible to be more precise. There may, of course, have been
gaps in the north side (excluding Nos. 1–6) even later than 1612. In
the Subsidy Rolls of 21 James I. (1623–4) and 4 Charles I. (1628–9),
preserved at the Record Office, thirteen names of occupiers of houses
in the street are given, and the assessment in 1623 for the rebuilding
of St. Giles’ Church gives fifteen housekeepers in the street (Parton,
_Hospital and Parish of St. Giles_, p. 136_n_). No adequate idea of
the number of houses in the street can, however, be gained from these
facts, for the subsidy rolls certainly do not give all the occupiers,
and, as the assessment was not compulsory, it is improbable that every
householder made a contribution.

Footnote 175:

_History of ... St. Giles-in-the-Fields and St. George, Bloomsbury_,
p. 58.

Footnote 176:

No evidence has come to light in the course of the investigations for
this volume whereby Lord Herbert’s house might be identified. In his
will, dated 1st August, 1648, proved 5th October, 1648, he refers more
than once to his “house in Queene Streete”. (_Somerset House Wills,
Essex_, 138).

Footnote 177:

_Close Roll_, 18 Chas. I. (3295).—Indenture between W. Newton and
Francis Thriscrosse.

Footnote 178:

_Close Roll_, 15 Chas. I. (3192).

Footnote 179:

_Close Roll_, 15 Chas. I. (3190)—Indenture between W. Newton _and_
Ric. Webb, Nicholas Redditt and Jeremy Deane.

Footnote 180:

_Harl. MS._, 5,900, fol. 57_b_.

Footnote 181:

Indenture, dated 7th February, 1734–5, between John Bigg and Peter
Guerin. (_Middlesex Registry Memorials_, 1734, V., 85.)

Footnote 182:

British Museum, Crace Colln., Portfolio 28, No. 53.

Footnote 183:

It is possible that in 1646 Sir Martin Lumley was resident at this
house, but not certain. In the Subsidy Roll for that year his name is
the first on the north side of the street, and precedes Sir Thos.
Barrington’s, who, it may be proved, lived at No. 3. It may be,
therefore, that Lumley was the occupant of No. 1.

Footnote 184:

G. E. C[ockayne’s] _Baronetage_, II., p. 80.

Footnote 185:

Reproduced here.

Footnote 186:

Elizabeth Killigrew, Lewis Richardes, Thomas Stoake.

Footnote 187:

Lewis Richardes.

Footnote 188:

See p. 35.

Footnote 189:

It is given (_Close Roll_, 22 Jas. I. (2601).—Indenture between Jane
and Richard Holford _and_ Jeoffrey Prescott) as the _eastern_ boundary
of Prescott’s property, which extended along the north side of Great
Queen Street from Drury Lane, and the length of which is given as 120
feet. Thus the Prescott property was on the site of the present Nos.
38 to 45. A deed dated 20 June, 1721, refers to property of which
Seagood’s house had formerly formed the _western_ boundary. This deed
gives the names of the occupants of the houses to which it relates
both in 1636 and at that time, and the latter list clearly identifies
the property as Nos. 26 to 35, thus leaving 36 and 37 for Seagood’s
house. That this house corresponded to two numbers is rendered quite
certain by a careful comparison of the entries in the series of Hearth
Tax Rolls. In fact, the house is on two occasions taxed for 30
hearths, which seems an over estimate, as the assessment is afterwards
reduced to 24 hearths. Even this implies a very large house.

Footnote 190:

_Close Roll_, 13 Chas. II. (3123).—Indenture between Henry Holford and
Paul Williams, etc.

Footnote 191:

Reproduced here.

Footnote 192:

_Close Roll_, 5 Chas. I. (2800). Indenture between Richard Holford and
Sir Edw. Stradling—reciting indenture of 1618.

Footnote 193:

See _Recovery Roll_, 9 Chas. I. rot. 23 (201). Indenture between
Edward Stradling and George Gage.

Footnote 194:

See p. 93.

Footnote 195:

_Close Roll_, 5 Chas. I. (2800). Indenture between Richard Holford
_and_ Sir William Cawley and Geo. Strode.

Footnote 196:

_Calendar State Papers, Domestic_, 1629–31, p. 47.

Footnote 197:

_Calendar State Papers, Domestic_, 1629–35, p. 55.

Footnote 198:

See p. 93.

Footnote 199:

_Close Roll_, 11 Chas. I. (3059). Indenture between Sir Kenelm Digby
and William Newton.

Footnote 200:

He succeeded his father as Earl of Carnwath in 1639.

Footnote 201:

_Patent Roll_, 12 Chas. I. (2740).

Footnote 202:

The means taken to enforce a uniform design may be gathered from the
fact that the purchaser of certain plots to the west of Nos. 55–56 was
required to build three houses “to front and range towards Queenes
Streete ... in the same uniformity, forme and beauty as the other
houses already ... erected by the said William Newton in Queenes
Streete are of.”

Footnote 203:

The evidence for this statement is gathered from the undermentioned
illustrations:

No. 51. Sir Robert Strange’s House (Parton’s _Hospital and Parish of
St. Giles_, p. 250), 3 bays, 4 pilasters. Western portion of third
plot 41 feet wide.

Nos. 55–6, 57–8. Bristol House (_Ibid._). Double façade each 44 feet
wide, 5 bays, 6 pilasters. Fifth plot 88 feet wide.

Nos. 55–6, 57–8. J. Nash, 1840. (_The Growth of the English House_, J.
Alfred Gotch.)

Original Freemasons’ Tavern. Engraving by Joseph Bottomley, 1783. 5
bays, 6 pilasters. Seventh plot 44 feet wide.

Queen Street Chapel (Parton, _op. cit._ p. 250). Western portion of
tenth plot 59 feet 6 inches wide.

No. 70. (Photograph taken by the London County Council in 1903.)
Refronted on old lines, 4 bays, 5 pilasters on plot 35 feet wide.

Footnote 204:

_Survey of London_, Vol. III. (St. Giles-in-the-Fields, Part I.), p.
97.

Footnote 205:

II., p. 174.

Footnote 206:

See p. 86.

Footnote 207:

See full quotation on p. 45 footnote.

Footnote 208:

_Harl. MS._, 5,900, 57_b_.

Footnote 209:

The reason why Lindsey House is now not in the middle of the west side
of the Fields is that in the original design the west row extended
from Gate Street to No. 2, Portsmouth Street. The building of the
houses on the north and south sides of the Fields, not included in the
original design, encroached on both sides of the west row, but the
encroachment on the north being the greater, the axis of the square
was thereby moved further south.

Footnote 210:

British Museum. J. W. Archer Collection. “The house called Queen
Anne’s Wardrobe,” drawn 1846 (No. 55–6, Great Queen Street) and “House
of the Sardinia Ambassador,” drawn 1858 (No. 54, Lincoln’s Inn
Fields).

Footnote 211:

“The expert surveyour will repart the windows to the front of a
palace, that they may (besides the affording of sufficient light to
the rooms) leave a solid peeres between them, and to place some
pleasing ornament thereon, not prejudicial to the structure, nor too
chargeable for the builder, shunning incongruities, as many
(pretending knowledge in ornaments) have committed, by placing between
windows pilasters, through whose bodies lions are represented to
creep; as those in Queen Street without any necessity, or ground for
the placing lions so ill, which are commonly represented but as
supporters, either of weight, or of arms on herauldry.” (_Counsel and
Advice to All Builders_, pp. 13–14.)

Footnote 212:

See p. 38.

Footnote 213:

_Anecdotes of Painting_, II., p. 60.

Footnote 214:

_Survey of London_, Vol. III. (St. Giles-in-the-Fields, Part I.),
Plate 6.

Footnote 215:

It was assessed for the hearth tax at 40 hearths, while Conway House,
although of the same frontage, was only assessed at 31.

Footnote 216:

The frontage of this house is stated in certain deeds in the London
County Council’s possession (_e.g._, Indenture of 26th October, 1639,
between Wm. Newton _and_ Compton, Dive and Brewer) to be 98 feet, but
in others (_e.g._, Release by Wm. Newton senr., to Wm. Newton, junr.,
dated 22nd January, 1637–8) is given as 88 feet. That the latter is
correct may be regarded as certain from the perfect accord of the
total number of feet thus obtained with the present boundaries.

Footnote 217:

The deeds from which these particulars are taken are (1) _Close Roll_,
15 Chas. I. (3196)—Indenture between Wm. Newton and Sir Ralph Freeman;
and (2) a deed in the possession of the Council—Indenture between
Newton and Sir Henry Compton, etc. The former deed, in error, reverses
the eastern and western boundaries.

Footnote 218:

A release by deed poll from Wm. Newton the elder to Wm. Newton the
younger, in the possession of the London County Council.

Footnote 219:

_Close Roll_, 5 Geo. I. (5117)—Indenture dated 16th May, 4 Geo. I.,
between Sir John Webb and Thos. Stonor, _and_ Sir Godfrey Kneller,
etc.

Footnote 220:

Mr. Stonor inhabited the western half of the original house, now
forming Nos. 55 and 56; Mr. Browne was in occupation of the eastern
half, afterwards Nos. 57 and 58.

Footnote 221:

_Middlesex Registry Memorials_, 1832, V., 93.

Footnote 222:

See p. 53.

Footnote 223:

_Survey of London_, Vol. III. (St. Giles-in-the-Fields. Part I.),
Plate 66.

Footnote 224:

In possession of the London County Council.

Footnote 225:

_Close Roll_, 15 Charles I. (3196). Indenture between Wm. Newton and
Sir Ralph Freeman.

Footnote 226:

Marginal note in his private journal (_Memoirs and letters of Marquis
of Clanricarde_, ed. by K. De Burgh, p. 68).

Footnote 227:

Deed in possession of the London County Council.

Footnote 228:

_Memoirs and Letters of the Marquis of Clanricarde_, p. xiv.

Footnote 229:

_Hist. MSS. Comm.; MSS. of the Earl of Egmont_, I., p. 223.

Footnote 230:

_Constitutional History of England_ (ed. 1854) III., 389_n_.

Footnote 231:

_Somerset House Wills, Nabbs_, 117.

Footnote 232:

She was Catherine, daughter of Francis Russell, Earl of Bedford; her
husband, Robert Greville, second Baron Brooke, distinguished himself
as a general of the parliamentary forces in the Civil War, and was
killed at Lichfield in 1643. Fulke Greville, who was not born until
after his father’s death, eventually succeeded to the title, and died
in 1710.

Footnote 233:

_Close Roll_, 1654 (3814).

Footnote 234:

Sir William Constable was afterwards possibly an occupant of the
house, for on 24th May, 1647, he wrote to the old Lord Fairfax from
“Queen Street.” (_Hist. MSS. Comm.; Morrison MSS._, Report IX., Part
II., App. p. 439.) Constable had married in 1608, Dorothy, daughter of
Thomas, first Lord Fairfax. He contrived with difficulty to raise a
regiment of foot in the Civil War, and greatly distinguished himself
in the field. He was afterwards one of the king’s judges and signed
the warrant for his execution. He died in 1655.

Footnote 235:

C. R. Markham’s _The Great Lord Fairfax_, p. 191.

Footnote 236:

_Ibid._, p. 254.

Footnote 237:

_Ibid._, p. 274. The old lord had recently married again. He announced
the fact to his brother in a letter dated “Queen Street, October 20th,
1646.”

Footnote 238:

_Hist. MSS. Comm., Pembroke College MSS._, Report V., App. p. 487.

Footnote 239:

He was still in the parish (possibly in this house) in 1658, for
Parton quotes (_Hospital and Parish of St. Giles_, p. 356) an entry in
the churchwardens’ accounts for that year: “Pd. and expended at the
sessions, about Sir William Paston’s complaynt, of his being double
rated.”

Footnote 240:

_Close Roll_, 15 Chas. II. (4143)—Indenture between the Hon. John
Digby _and_ Sir Anthony Morgan and Richard Langhorne.

Footnote 241:

Described in _Survey of London_, Vol. IV. (Chelsea, Part II.), pp.
18–27.

Footnote 242:

Some time between 1666 and 1675 he removed to No. 51, Lincoln’s Inn
Fields (_Survey of London_, Vol. III., p. 71).

Footnote 243:

See also North’s account: “The great House in Queen Street was taken
for the use of this Commission. Mr. Henry Slingsby sometime Master of
the Mint, was the Secretary; and they had a formal Board with Green
Cloth and standishes, clerks’ good store, a tall Porter and staff and
sitting attendance below, and a huge Luminary at the Door. And, in
Winter Time, when the Board met, as was two or three times a week, or
oftener, all the Rooms were lighted, Coaches at the Door, and great
passing in and out, as if a Council of State in good earnest had been
sitting. All cases, Complaints and Deliberations of Trade were
referred to this Commission, and they reported their opinion,
whereupon the King in Council ordered as of course. So that they had
the Province of a Committee of Council; and the whole Privy Council
was less charge to the King than this.” (_Examen_, p. 461.)

Footnote 244:

The Council of Trade was established on 7th November, 1660, and by
patent dated 1st December in the same year Charles II. also created
the Council of Foreign Plantations. (Haydn’s _Book of Dignities_,
1894, p. 263.)

Footnote 245:

Slingsby writes on behalf of the Council for Foreign Plantations from
Queen Street, on 27th April, 1671. (_Calendar of State Papers,
Domestic_, 1671, p. 204.)

Footnote 246:

In October, 1672, the Council of Plantations was united to that of
Trade (Evelyn, _Diary_, 13th October, 1672), and the united Council
seems thenceforth to have utilised a portion of “Villiers House,” the
house of the Duchess of Cleveland. (_Audit Office, Declared Accounts,
Trade, etc._, 2303 (2)).

Footnote 247:

See schedules of deeds appended to Indentures between Thos. Stonor,
etc., and Sir Godfrey Kneller, dated 11th and 12th March, 1717–8
(_Close Roll_, 5 Geo. I. (5117)).

Footnote 248:

_Chancery Warrants_ (_Series II._), Signet Office, 16th April, 1669
(21 Chas. II., 2386).

Footnote 249:

Indenture of 24th June, 1674, between Sir Chas. Harboard and John
Hanson, by direction of the Earl of Devonshire, _and_ the Earl of
Sunderland, recited in Indenture of 12th March, 1717–8, between Thos.
Stonor, etc. _and_ Sir Godfrey Kneller (_Close Roll_, 5 Geo. I.
(5117)). Sunderland’s purchase of the Earl of Bristol’s interest in
the freehold was not effected until February, 1683–4 (Deed in
possession of the London County Council) just before his sale of the
premises.

Footnote 250:

The fact that the 1675 Hearth Tax Roll shows the Earl of Devonshire at
the house is not conclusive against this, as it is probable, from
other considerations, that this particular roll, though bearing the
date 1675, represents the state of affairs in 1674.

Footnote 251:

_Dictionary of National Biography._

Footnote 252:

_Dictionary of National Biography._

Footnote 253:

Freehold and 99 years’ lease in April, subsidiary lease in June.

Footnote 254:

Second son of Thomas, first Lord Fauconberg, a prominent royalist.
Died in 1689.

Footnote 255:

Will of Lord Belasyse, quoted in Indenture of 12th March, 1717–8,
between Thos. Stonor, etc., and Sir Godfrey Kneller (_Close Roll_, 5
Geo. I. (5117)).

Footnote 256:

Indenture of 12th March, 1717–8, between Thos. Stonor, etc., and Sir
Godfrey Kneller (_Close Roll_, 5 Geo. I. (5117)).

Footnote 257:

The sewer ratebook for 1703 (representing probably the state of things
in the previous year) shows “Thomas Stonor, Esq.” still in occupation;
that for 1709 (the next issue) gives “Sir Godfrey Kneller.” _The
Dictionary of National Biography_ says he _purchased_ the house in
1703, but this is obviously an error. (_See above_).

Footnote 258:

_Somerset House Wills, Richmond_, 161.

Footnote 259:

The statement seems to have originated with Horace Walpole (_Anecdotes
of Painting_, Wornum ed. (1888), II., pp. 209–210).

Footnote 260:

Munk’s _Roll of the Royal College of Physicians_, I., p. 456.

Footnote 261:

_London Past and Present_, III., p. 137.

Footnote 262:

See p. 76.

Footnote 263:

A deed of 27th November, 1745, shows “Lady Goodyear” and Mr. Charles
Leviez then in occupation. (_Midd. Registry Memorials_, 1745, III.,
No. 156).

Footnote 264:

Sir Godfrey Kneller left his Great Queen Street property to his wife
for her lifetime, with reversion to his godson, Godfrey Kneller
Huckle, “provided the surname of Kneller be adopted.” Godfrey Kneller,
the younger, died in 1781, and his son, John Kneller, in 1814.

Footnote 265:

Bryan’s _Dictionary of Artists_; Walpole’s _Anecdotes_, p. 702.

Footnote 266:

_The Dictionary of National Biography_ is in error in stating that he
_added_ this house to the other.

Footnote 267:

Redgrave’s _Dictionary of Painters and Engravers_.

Footnote 268:

Leask’s _James Boswell_, p. 125.

Footnote 269:

Nichol’s _Illustrations of Literature_, VII., pp. 308–9.

Footnote 270:

Details of Boswell’s residence there are given in the Council’s
publication, _Indication of Houses of Historical Interest_, I., pp.
79–84.

Footnote 271:

III., p. 137.

Footnote 272:

Holden’s _Triennial Directory_ for 1802–4.

Footnote 273:

Reproduced here.

Footnote 274:

See p. 47.

Footnote 275:

“All that messuage ... lately divided into two shops or dwelling
houses.” Indenture, dated 7th October, 1813, between Sophia Kneller
and G. J. Kneller _and_ Thos. Crook. (_Middlesex Registry Memorials_,
1813, IX., 129.) The ratebook for 1812 shows the house in single
occupation.

Footnote 276:

_Close Roll_, 17 Chas. I. (3275)—Indenture between Edward, Lord
Viscount Conway, Edw. Burghe, and William Newton _and_ Elizabeth,
Countess Rivers.

Footnote 277:

Release and quit claim by Wm. Newton, jnr., in possession of the
London County Council.

Footnote 278:

The house was still standing on 12th February, 1738–9 (see indenture
of that date between Philip Carter and Jas. Mallors, _Middlesex
Registry Memorials_, 1739, I., 450–1), but by 22nd May in that year it
had been demolished, the two houses fronting Great Queen Street were
then in course of erection, and others were intended to be built. The
parish ratebook for 1739 shows the house as “Empty”; that for 1740
gives: “Empty. 12 houses made out of one.”

Footnote 279:

That the archway was exactly in the centre may be proved by the fact
that when the two houses were sold to Jas. Mallors in the year 1742,
they were each described as 22 feet in width, including half of the
passage into Queen’s Court (_Middlesex Registry Memorials_, 1741, IV.,
424 and 1742, I., 435).

Footnote 280:

Between Thomas Wither and Thomas Raye (_Common Pleas Recovery Roll_,
26 Chas. II., Trinity, Rot. 4).

Footnote 281:

_Feet of Fines, Middlesex_, 13 Chas. I., Trinity.

Footnote 282:

(27th January, 1650–1.) “Col. Berkstead to take care for the pulling
down of the gilt image of the late Queen, and also of the King, the
one in Queen Street, and the other at the upper end of the same
street, towards Holborn, and the said images are to be broken in
pieces.” (_Calendar of State Papers, Domestic_, 1651, p. 25.)

Footnote 283:

_Recovery Roll_ (_Common Pleas_), 17 Chas. I., Hilary, 236.—Indenture
between William Newton, Philip Willoughby and Edward Mabb _and_ Edward
Burghe.

Footnote 284:

Afterwards Middle Yard.

Footnote 285:

See p. 82.

Footnote 286:

See Indenture of 18th May, 16 Geo. II., between Lord Conway and
Francis Paddy (_Middlesex Registry Memorials_, 1743, I., 334–5).

Footnote 287:

Henry Sadler, _Some memorials of the Globe Lodge No. 23 of the Ancient
Free and Accepted Masons of England_, p. 11.

Footnote 288:

Documents and drawings preserved in the Soane Museum.

Footnote 289:

Photographs of various modern features, although not coming properly
within the scope of this volume, have been inserted for the purpose of
showing the historic continuity of the buildings on the site of the
old Hall.

Footnote 290:

The premises had been purchased in 1880. (_Middlesex Registry
Memorials_, 1880, 962).

Footnote 291:

Indenture of 5th March, 1718–9, between Lord Montagu, etc. (1),
William Juxon and Jas. St. Amond (2), and Sir Godfrey Kneller and Ed.
Byng (3), in the possession of the London County Council.

Footnote 292:

G. E. C[ockayne’s] _Peerage_.

Footnote 293:

The sewer ratebook for this year shows “Henry Browne” in occupation of
the house, but that for 1700 has the entry “— Webb, Esq.,” referring
to the owner.

Footnote 294:

The sewer ratebook for this year shows “Henry, Lord Montague” in
occupation.

Footnote 295:

_Burke’s Extinct Peerage._

Footnote 296:

For other houses used for the purpose of the Portuguese Embassy in St.
Giles-in-the-Fields, see p. 97, and _Survey of London_, Vol. III., pp.
13, 82.

Footnote 297:

_Somerset House Wills, Richmond_, 161.

Footnote 298:

The house is referred to later on as “all that messuage, _etc._,
formerly called by the name of the Great Wardrobe” (_Middlesex
Registry Memorials_, 1811, VI., 104). It will be noticed that the
title “Queen Anne’s Wardrobe” given to the western half of Bristol
House in 1846 (Plate 16) is doubly incorrect. In the first place it is
assigned to the wrong half of Bristol House, and secondly the dates
show that it could not possibly have had any connection with Queen
Anne.

Footnote 299:

See copy of deed, dated 11th March, 1708–9, for the appointment of
Dummer as deputy. (_Treasury Papers, Cal._ 1708–14, CXIII., No. 12.)

Footnote 300:

Shortly before 4th February, 1774, Sheridan took a house in Orchard
Street (Sanders’ _Life of Sheridan_, p. 23).

Footnote 301:

His name in the ratebooks is given as “Richard Sheridan” only, but a
deed of 1811, giving the names of occupants of the house mentions him
by his full name: “formerly in occupation of Benjamin Wilson, painter,
afterwards of John Henderson, sometime since in the possession of
Richard Brinsley Sheridan, and now of Ann Boak, milliner.” (Indenture
of 20th June, 1811, between Jno. Kneller, Peter Tahairdin, and Thos.
Grove—_Middlesex Registry Memorials_, 1811, VI., 104.)

Footnote 302:

Moore’s _Memoirs of Sheridan_, p. 213.

Footnote 303:

F. M. Parsons’ _Garrick and His Circle_, p. 369. As an example of how
false history comes to be written, it is interesting to note that Mrs.
Parsons describes the house as “an Inigo Jones house, in which five
men known to fame: Hudson, the painter; scritch-scratch Worlidge, the
etcher; Hoole, Tasso’s translator, whom Johnson loved; now Sheridan;
and after him, Chippendale, the cabinet maker, successively lived.”
None of the other individuals mentioned lived in the house occupied by
Sheridan.

Footnote 304:

See p. 59.

Footnote 305:

Stafford’s _Letters_ (Ed. Wm. Knowler, 1739), II., p. 165

Footnote 306:

_Calendar State Papers, Domestic_, 1638–9, p. 113.

Footnote 307:

_Close Roll_, 17 Charles I. (3275). Indenture between Lord Conway,
Edw. Burghe and Wm. Newton _and_ Elizabeth, Countess Rivers.

Footnote 308:

_Historical MSS. Commission, House of Lords Calendar_, Appendix to VI.
Report, p. 109_b_.

Footnote 309:

G. E. C[ockayne’s] _Peerage_. The _Dictionary of National Biography_
states that he was born in 1628, and was the son of John Savage, a
colonel in the royal army.

Footnote 310:

_Historical MSS. Commission_, Frere MSS., Appendix to 7th Report, p.
531_a_.

Footnote 311:

Elizabeth Scroope, married to the Earl in 1647.

Footnote 312:

“Lord Rivers denies entrance to survey and payment,” and “Earle Rivers
refuseth to pay.”

Footnote 313:

_Historical MSS. Commission_, Frere MSS., Appendix to 7th Report, p.
531_a_.

Footnote 314:

At first a Roman Catholic, the Earl subsequently joined the English
Communion.

Footnote 315:

Mary, the second wife of the second Earl, at this time Countess
Dowager Rivers, by her will, proved 25th January, 1657–8 (in which she
is described as “of St. Giles”) left £400 to Sir Francis Petre
(_Somerset House Wills, Wootton_, 5).

Footnote 316:

Covent Garden.

Footnote 317:

Was this the third Earl’s sister of that name, youngest daughter but
one of the second Earl by his first wife?

Footnote 318:

_Calendar of State Papers, Domestic_, 1673–5, p. 37.

Footnote 319:

_Ibid._, p. 174.

Footnote 320:

_Dictionary of National Biography._

Footnote 321:

Arabella, died _s.p._ 21st March, 1717. (G. E. C[ockayne’s]
_Peerage_.)

Footnote 322:

He married, in 1679, Penelope, daughter of John Downes; and in 1688
Mrs. Margaret Tryon. (_Ibid._)

Footnote 323:

_Somerset House Wills, Barnes_, 209.

Footnote 324:

Daughter of Sir Peter Colleton, and one of the Earl’s numerous
mistresses.

Footnote 325:

Sewer ratebook for 1720: “Lord North and Grey.”

Footnote 326:

On 29th September, 1722, the Duchess of Rutland wrote to Lady Gower:
“The two lords went there [to the Tower] last night, Orrery and North
and Gray, through their own want of consideration and indiscretion,
’twas said.” (_Hist. MSS. Commission, MSS. of Duke of Sutherland_,
Report V., p. 191.)

Footnote 327:

G. E. C[ockayne’s] _Peerage_.

Footnote 328:

His country residence was St. Osyth’s Priory, Essex.

Footnote 329:

She died on 23rd June, 1746. (_Gentleman’s Magazine_, 1746, p. 328.)

Footnote 330:

Indenture of 12th February, 1738–9, between “Philip Carter of Tunstal,
Suffolk, clerk, and Bessy, his wife (widow of Frederick late Earl of
Rochford, deceased, and now commonly called Countess Dowager of
Rochford), William Henry, Earl of Rochford, eldest son and heir of the
said Frederick by the said Bessy, and Sir John Colleton, of Exmouth,
Bt., brother and heir at law of Elizabeth Colleton _alias_ Johnson,
deceased, _and_ James Mallors”; purporting to be a lease “for a year
to vest the possession of and concerning all that capital messuage or
mansion house situate on the south side of Great Queen Street where
the said Frederick did lately dwell, which said messuage or mansion
house was heretofore the house of Richard, Earl Rivers, and then
called or known by the name of Rivers House.” (_Middlesex Registry
Memorials_, 1739, I., 450–1.)

Footnote 331:

_Lincoln’s Inn Fields_, p. 174.

Footnote 332:

FitzGerald, _Life of Mrs. Catherine Clive_, p. 84.

Footnote 333:

Boswell, _Life of Johnson_, Vol. IV., pp. 7, 243.

Footnote 334:

See p. 60.

Footnote 335:

“March 31, 1638–9.... Direct your letter to be left with Lord Conway’s
maid in Queen Street, so it will come more speedily to me, since I am
very often with the Lord Admiral [Earl of Northumberland], whose house
is next to Lord Conway’s, as I think you know” (_Calendar State
Papers, Domestic_, 1638–9, p. 630).

Footnote 336:

See p. 86.

Footnote 337:

Clarendon’s _History of the Great Rebellion_, Book III., par. 228.

Footnote 338:

Letters from Thos. Smith to Sir John Pennington (_Calendar of State
Papers, Domestic_, for 1638–9, pp. 92, 103, 113, 130).

Footnote 339:

Order of the Committee of the Council of War (_Ibid._, p. 166.)

Footnote 340:

March 5th, 1638–9. Instructions from the Lord Admiral to Capt. John
Mennes of the _Victory_ (_Ibid._, p. 537).

Footnote 341:

Letter, headed “Queen Street,” from Northumberland to the deputy
lieutenants of Nottinghamshire (_Hist. MSS. Commission_, Reports on
MSS. in Various Collections, VII., 295).

Footnote 342:

_Recovery Roll_ (_Common Pleas_), 17 Chas. I., Hilary (236).

Footnote 343:

After her husband’s death she fell under the displeasure of
Parliament, and “endured a long imprisonment ... and had ... been put
to death if she had not made her escape to Oxford.” (Clarendon’s
_History of the Great Rebellion_, Book XI., par. 222.) She afterwards
(in 1648) married Sir James Livingstone, who became Earl of Newburgh.

Footnote 344:

_Close Roll_, 17 Chas. I. (3275)—Indenture between Lord Conway, etc.,
and Countess Rivers.

Footnote 345:

John Lucas, etc., “say they carried divers pictures, with frames,
others without frames, and some rayles into Mr. Withers House [it will
be remembered that Anthony Withers had purchased the house from Newton
in 1637–8] in Queen’s Street, now in the possession of Col. Popham,
the which goods above said these examiners say are the proper goods of
Mr. Withers” (_Interregnum Papers_, A., 98). Withers was reported as a
delinquent in October, 1645 (_Domestic Interregnum Committee for
Advance of Money_ (Order Book), A., 4 (295)), and was sequestrated in
January, 1646 (_Interregnum Papers_ A., 98 (13)).

Footnote 346:

_Interregnum Papers_ G., 17 (704).

Footnote 347:

A deed relating to the house, dated 20th May, 1674, refers to it as
being “now or late in the tenure ... of the Right Hon. Francis, Lord
Viscount Mountague” (_Common Pleas Recovery Roll_, 26 Chas. II.,
Trinity, vol. 4 (366)).

Footnote 348:

G. E. C[ockayne’s] _Peerage_.

Footnote 349:

She was Elizabeth, daughter of Edward, first Marquess of Worcester.
She died in 1684.

Footnote 350:

Sewer ratebook for 1683.

Footnote 351:

Indenture, 9th May, 1764, between Packington Tomkins (1), the Hon.
Geo. Lane Parker (2) and Philip Carteret Webb (3) (_Middlesex Registry
Memorials_, 1764, II., 491); indenture 16th November, 1774, between
the Rev. Jas. Hallifax, etc., and Trustees for the Freemasons
(_Ibid._, 1775, II., 122).

Footnote 352:

_Historical MSS. Commission, Earl of Denbigh’s MSS._ Appendix to 8th
Report, Part I., p. 556_b_.

Footnote 353:

_Feet of Fines_ (_Middlesex_), 1 Anne, Hilary.

Footnote 354:

His country residence was Woodberry Hall, Cambridge.

Footnote 355:

_Somerset House Wills, Bedford_, 210–211.

Footnote 356:

Mary, his eldest daughter, married (with a dower of £30,000) George,
Viscount Parker, who in 1732 succeeded his father as (second) Earl of
Macclesfield.

Footnote 357:

Afterwards married William Cartwright, of Aynho, Northampton.

Footnote 358:

See her will, dated 22nd June, 1753 (_Somerset House Wills, Pinfold_,
80).

Footnote 359:

Indenture of 9th May, 1764 (_Middlesex Registry Memorials_, 1764, II.,
491).

Footnote 360:

See his will dated 7th February, 1770 (_Somerset House Wills, Jenner_,
417).

Footnote 361:

Indenture between the Rev. Jas. Hallifax, Ric. Blyke, Edw. Beavor of
Farnham and Rhoda, his wife (lately Rhoda Webb, widow of Philip
Carteret Webb, late of Busbridge, Surrey, deceased) _and_ the Rt. Hon.
Robert Edward Lord Petre, Henry Duke of Beaufort, Henry Duke of
Chandos, Washington Earl Ferrers, Viscount Tamworth and Rowland Holt
(_Middlesex Registry Memorials_, 1775, II., 122).

Footnote 362:

Foxcroft’s _Life of Gilbert Burnet_, p. 144.

Footnote 363:

_Survey of London_, Vol. III., p. 75.

Footnote 364:

Macaulay, _History of England_, II., p. 180.

Footnote 365: