Chapter XVI: Last Years, 1808-1820 (2)

‘But this he was at last obliged to relinquish. The Sunday cooking
was certainly a grand objection; and some neighbouring ladies who
had (charity) schools remonstrated at the absence of the children,
who were crazy if they were not allowed to forsake everything in
order to attend Mr. Y.’s dinners. But another scheme, more
extensive and more useful, succeeded this—namely, the introduction
of straw-plaiting among the young cottagers.’

INDEX

Abercorn, Marquis of, 347 Aldworth, Richard, 72 Allen, Alderman (father-in-law of Arthur Young), 32 — —(son of the above), 60 — Mrs., 36, 38 Althorp, Lord, 313 Amorette, Abate, 176 Anson, Mr., 394 Arblay, Madame d’, 23 _note_ 12, 32 _note_ 29, 61 _note_ 52, 100 _note_ 74, 135 _note_ 99, 196, 214, 216 Arbuthnot, Mr. (son of Viscount Arbuthnot), 66, 92, 97, 98, 124 Armstead, Mrs., 260 Ashby, Rev. George, 104 and _note_ 79, 114, 129 Aspin, Miss, 15 Attwood, Mr., 471 Auckland, Lord, 314 Augusta of Saxe Gotha (Princess of Wales), 16

B., Countess of, 29 Baker, Whyman, 88, 111 Bakewell, Robert, 135 and _note_ 101 Balgrave, Rev. —, 355 Banks, Sir Joseph, 150, 151, 163, 165, 167, 174, 201, 224, 321, 339, 350 Baroude, A. F., 464 _note_ Barrington, Dr. (Bishop of Durham), 254, 348, 352, 358, 376 Barry, James (painter), 115-118 Bayley, Butterworth, 59 Bedford, fifth Duke of, 172, 206, 244, 245, 246, 254, 256, 273, 276, 301, 313, 318, 330, 351, 360, 363, 372, 374, 375 Bedford, sixth Duke of, 372, 373 _note_, 374, 383, 384, 396, 444 Bentham, Jeremy, 247, 249, 308, 341 Bentinck, Lady Mary, 327 — Lord Charles, 328 Berchtold, Count Leopold, 167 and _note_, 168-170, 180 Bernard, Mr., 376 Berry, Edward, 323 — Miss Jane. _See_ Young, Mrs. Arthur, daughter-in-law of Arthur Young Bolton, M.P., Cornelius, 75, 80 Boswell, 191 Boulainvilliers, Comte de, 32 and _note_ 30 Boyd, Hugh, 92-97 Bristol (Bishop of Derry), Earl of, 101, 102, 103-105, 113, 128-131, 228 — Countess of, 225, 227, 243 Brudenell, Mr., 18 Brunswick, Duke of, 355, 356 Bryant, Jacob, 245 and _note_, 291 Buccleugh, Duke of, 245, 256, 261 Bukaty, M., 159, 180 and _note_ Bulkeley, Lady Frances, 52 Bunbury, Sir C., 412 Burdett, Sir Francis, 345, 449, 451 Burgoyne, Montague, 418, 419 Burke, Edmund, 67, 93, 174, 232, 256-261, 302, 345, 428 — W., 257, 428 Burney, Dr. Charles, 23 and _note_ 12, 51, 65, 92, 100, 101, 115, 144, 181, 194, 196, 197, 214, 232, 250, 299, 326 — Fanny. _See_ Arblay, Madame d’ Burney, Hester, 51, 100 _note_ 74 —Sarah, 215 and _note_ Burrell, Sir Peter, 164 Burton, Colonel (afterwards Lord Cunningham), 67, 68 Bute, Lord, 192, 355, 412

Cadell (the publisher), 395 Cadogan, Lady, 313 Caldwell, Sir James, 69, 70, 75 Camden, Lord, 304 Canham, the elder, Bartholomew, 2 Canning, Mr., 327, 362 _note_ Carew, Pole, 202 Carnot, M., 307 and _note_ Carrington, Lord, 314, 315, 319, 333 _note_, 351, 356, 360, 361, 363, 370, 379, 393, 407, 413 Cartier, M., 157 Cartwright, Dr., 367, 373, 374, 396 Castiglioni, Count di, 176 Castries, Marshal de, 240 Catherine, Empress, 124 Charlemont, Earl of, 75 Chester, Bishop of, 97, 98 Chesterfield, Lord, 33, 34, 49 Chevalier, Rev. M., 14 Cibber, Mrs., 15 Clermont, Lord, 211 Clive, Lord, 49 Cobbett, William, 442 Cocks, Sir Charles (afterwards Lord Somers), 52 Coke, J. W., 212, 384, 385, 386, 400, 432, 444 Cole, Charles, 243, 245, 255, 290, 297, 304, 368 Colhoun, Mr., 363 Collier, Joseph and Mary, 27 and _note_ 15 Cornwallis, Archbishop, 139 — Marquis of, 205 Cotton, Lady, 338 Coulter, Rev. Mr. (Master of Lavenham School), 7, 8, 23 Courtenay, Sir W., 192 Cousmaker, John, 103 — John de, 3, 126 — Miss, 102, 103 — — Anne Lucretia de. _See_ Young, Mrs. (mother of Arthur Young) Coventry, Lady, 20 Cowper’s ‘Letters,’ quoted, 410 Coxe, Archdeacon, 236 Crewe, Mrs., 214, 233, 259, 260, 327 — Mr., 326 Crosse, Lady, 17 Cullum, Sir John, 104 and _note_ 78, 114, 134 Cumberland, Duke of, 4, 6, 16 _note_ 10

Danby, Mr., 50, 55, 76 Darnley, Earl of, 245 Dartmouth, Lord, 236 Day, Thomas (author of ‘Sandford and Merton’), 166 and _note_ Derry, Bishop of. _See_ Bristol, Earl of Doddington, George Bubb, 12, 161 Dolmein (geologist), 368 and _note_ 209 Douglas, Bishop, 236, 304 Dryden (quoted), 35 Ducket, Mr., 172 Dundas, Lady Jane, 327 — Mr., 261, 327 Dundonald, Lord, 160 Dunstanville, Lord de, 245 Durham, Bishop of. _See_ Barrington, Dr.

Edward Augustus, Prince. _See_ York, Duke of Egremont, Lord, 111, 179, 244, 245, 275, 299, 313, 315, 317, 324, 352, 358, 360, 363, 434 Elizabeth, Princess (daughter of George II.), 16 Ellerton, Mr., 50 Erne, Lady, 267 Estissac, Duchess d’, 175 Euston, Lord, 365

Fawcett, Sir William, 329 Fielding, Sir John, 69 Fife, Lord, 112 Folkes, Sir Martin, 2, 11 Folkestone, Lord, 59 _note_ 49 Forbes, Mrs., 252, 253 Fordyce, Lady Margaret, 338 — Sir William, 147 Forster, Lord Chief Baron, 75 Foster, Lady Elizabeth, 468, 469 Fox, Charles James, 202, 227, 233, 234, 259, 424, 425 — Henry (afterwards Lord Holland), 16, 134, 164 Francis, Miss, 457 and _note_ 247, 460, 461, 472 Freeman, Miss, 20 Frere, J. H., 362 _note_ Fry, Mr., 391, 395, 398, 407

Gage, Sir Thomas, 191 Garrick, 10, 15, 22, 31, 32 — Mrs., 245 George II., 16 — III., 112, 132, 138, 160, 178, 190, 224, 237, 268, 321, 322 George, Prince (afterwards George III.), 16 — — (afterwards George IV.), 192 Gibbon, Edward, 258, 259, 468 Gifford, W., 362 _note_ Gloucester, Duke of, 371 Gordon, Duchess of, 334 Gough, Captain, 5 Grafton, Duchess of, 139, 140 — Duke of, 139, 140, 141, 193, 201, 211, 239, 254, 305, 325, 361, 362, 372, 382, 426, 438, 454 _note_ Granby, Marquis of, 355 Gray, Thomas (the poet), quoted, 89, 90 Green, Valentine, 59 Grenville, Lord, 360, 435 Grey, Sir Charles (afterwards first Earl Grey), 327 — — — (afterwards second Earl Grey), 233, 234, 235, 424 Grigby, Joshua, 390 Guerchy, Comtesse de, 186, 187 Gurney, Rev. Mr., 462

Halifax, Dr., 372, 376 Hanger, Colonel George (afterwards Lord Coleraine), 192 and _note_ 141 Harcourt, Countess of, 50 _note_ 39, 358 — Earl of, 67, 75 Hardwicke, Lord, 338 Hardy, Professor, 238 Harte, Rev. Walter, 32 and _note_ 31, 33, 35-43, 49 Harvey, Fenton, 20 Hastings, Warren, 164 Hawke, Lord, 241 Hawkesbury, Lady, 267 Hawksworth, Dr., 343 Héritier, C. de l’, 367 and _note_ Hertford, Marquis of, 427 Hervey, General, 105, 106 — Lady Mary, 267 and _note_ Hesketh, Lady, 233 Hill, Rev. Rowland, 359 Hoar, Captain, 350, 352 Holdernesse, Lord, 56 Holroyd, John Baker (afterwards Lord Sheffield, _q.v._), 58 Hoole, Mrs., 189, 198, 246, 250, 252 — John, 189 — Rev. Samuel, 189, 246, 251, 252, 361, 362 Horsley, Bishop, 359 and _note_ 204 Howard, Sir Charles, 28 — John, 59, 60, 248 Howlett, Rev. —, 97, 285 Hunter, Dr. Alexander, 61 and _note_ 53 Hutchinson, Rev. Mr., 336 Huthhausen, Baron, 173

Ingoldsby, Dr., 19 — General, 4, 5, 6, 7 — Mrs., 6, 10

Jarré, General, 123 Jarvis, Lord, 267 Jefferys, Mr. and Mrs., 73 Jenkinson, Mr., 256 Jenyns, Soame, 244, 245 Jermyn, Sir Thomas, 2 Jobson, Rev. Mr., 337 John of Austria, Archduke, 463, 464 Johnson, Dr., 26, 27, 32 _note_ 31, 285 _note_ 177, 353, 421, 422 Joy, Mrs., 19

Kalaskowski, Count, 144 Kames, Lord, 84 and _note_ 63 Keene, Mr. and Mrs., 3 Kennon, Mrs. Sidney, 10, 11, 12, 13 Kenrick, Dr., 27 and _note_ 14 Keppel, Lord, 108 Kingsborough, Lord, 76, 77-80 Kinsman, Mr. (master of Bury St. Edmunds School), 7 Knight, Cornelia, 368 and _note_ 208

Lafayette, 191 Lamb, Mr. (King’s Messenger), 45 Lambert, Captain, 29 Langford, Dr., 142 Latrobe, B. H., 172 Lauderdale, Lord, 314, 397 Law, Thomas, 229 Lawrence, Dr., 345 Lazowski, M. de, 119 and _note_ 91, 120-124, 154, 175 Leeds, Duke of, 51 — Sir George, 472 Leigh, Mr. (Clerk of the House of Commons), 261, 262 Liancourt, Duke of, 119 and _note_ 90, 120-123, 154, 259, 382 Liverpool, Lord, 339 Llandaff, Bishop of. _See_ Watson, Richard Lofft, Capel, 101 and _note_ 75, 102, 276, 291, 317, 318 Longford, Lord, 71 Loughborough, Lord, 86, 98, 207, 208, 219 Louisa, Princess (daughter of George II.), 16 Luther, Mr., 179

Macartney, Lord, 196 Macaulay, General, 460, 462 Macklin, Rev. Mr., 154, 267, 274 Macpherson, Sir John, 224, 225, 239 Macro, Mr., 170 Magellan, Mr., 150 Manchester, Duke of, 367, 395 March, Lord, 140, 141 Marlborough, Duke of, 26 Marshall, W., 427 and _note_ 234, 429 Martin, Professor, 147 Massalski, Prince (Bishop of Wilna), 52 Mauduit, Israel, 255 and _note_ Medlicott, Mr., 71 Milbank, Lady, 350 Mildmay, Sir A. St. John, 348 Milner, Dean, 371 and _note_, 372 — Professor, 150 Miripoix, M. de (French Ambassador), 17 Moira, Lord, 243, 304 Moncrief, Sir Henry, 238 Montagu, Mrs., 233, 243, 244, 245, 312, 349, 358, 386 Montrose, Duke of, 245, 347 Mordaunt, Lady Mary, 52 More, Hannah, 233, 245, 246, 473 Mouron, M., 124 Murray, General, 171

Nepean, Mr., 341, 342 Neve, Miss, 467 Neville, Mr., 134 Newcastle, Duke of, 16 North, Lord, 60, 107, 201 — Rev. Mr., 344 Northey, Mr., 363

Oakes, Orbell Ray, 154, 266, 382, 388, 406 — Mrs. Orbell Ray, 266 and _note_, 270, 320, 321, 354, 359, 370 _note_ 211, 382, 385, 388, 392, 438, 443, 444, 445, 446, 453 O’Connor, A., 317 and _note_ Oliver, Right Hon. Silver, 74 Onslow, Dr., 191 — General, 4, 15, 16, 191 — Lady, 20 — Mr. Speaker, 4, 20, 28 Orde, Mrs., 245 Orford, Earl of, 60, 206, 207, 233 Orwell, Lord, 16 _note_ 9 Ossory, Lord, 331, 332, 395 Otto, L. W., Count of Morlay, 377 and _note_ 215 Overton, J., 376 and _note_

Pakenham, Mr., 460, 461 Paley, Dr., 378 Parkyn, Mr., 367 Partridge, Rev. S., 280 Patulle, M., 36, 40, 42 Pearson, Dr., 376 Pelham, Lord, 381 Peterborough, Bishop of, 147 Peterson, Lady, 20 Petty, Lord Henry, 370 Phillips, Sir John, 17 Pigot, Admiral, 193 Pitt, William, 134, 137, 161, 166, 201, 203, 219, 221, 254, 255, 306, 314, 315, 327, 345, 346, 363, 371, 424, 427 Plampin, Betsy. _See_ Oakes, Mrs. — Captain John, 154, 423 Polignac, Prince and Princess de, 162 and _note_ Pope, Alexander (quoted), 136 _note_ 102 Popple, Mr. (Governor of Bermuda), 13 Porteus, Bishop, 178, 179 Portland, Duke of, 51, 326 Potemkin, Prince, 102, 125 Poulett, Mr., 246 Preston, Lord, 367, 368 Priestley, Dr., 99, 150-153, 439

Queensberry, Duke of, 192

Radnor, Lord, 161 Richardson, Samuel, 192 Richmond, Legh, 460 Roberts, Dr., Provost of Eton, 142 — Lewis, 91 and _note_ 67 Robertson, Messrs. (of Lynn), 22, 23 Rochefoucault, Counts de la, 119-121, 154 Rochester, Bishop of, 4, 28 Rockingham, Marquis of, 42, 50 Roper, Dr., 52 Rose, George (President of the Board of Trade), 132 and _note_ 97, 137, 221, 241, 242 Ross, Bishop, 160 Rosslyn, Lord, 360 Rossmore, Lord, 347 Rostopchin, Count, 387, 401 Ruggles, Th., 194 and _note_ 143 Rumford, Count, 323 Ryder, Lady Susan, 327, 328 — Mr., 327, 386

St. Vincent, Earl of, 418, 419 Sambosky, Rev. —, 124, 125 Saunderson, Dr. Nicholas, 14 _note_ 8 Scott, Rev. Thomas, 349, 359, 391, 392 Seabright, Sir John, 463 Sheffield, Lord, 132, 220, 245, 258, 344 and _note_ 199, 393, 395, 402, 407, 468, 469 Shelburne, Earl of (afterwards Marquis of Lansdowne), 67, 69, 102 Shelley, Mr., 20 Sheridan, R. B., 164 and _note_, 234 Shipley, Mr., 59 _note_ 49 Sidmouth, Lord, 419, 434, 460 Simeon, Rev. Charles, 369, 395, 397, 398, 399, 400 Sinclair, Sir J., 159 and _note_ 119, 160, 219, 220, 224, 241, 242, 243, 245, 247, 256, 299, 314, 315, 316, 413, 414, 437, 443, 464 Smirenove, Mr., 387, 400 Smith, Sydney (quoted), 445 _note_ 239 Somers, Lord, 359 Somerville, Lord, 245, 315, 316, 318, 347, 361, 363, 384, 385, 404 Souga, Anthony (Austrian Consul), 169 Spencer, Lord, 313, 367 Stafford, Lord, 161 Stanhope, Lady, 313 — Philip, 33 Stanislas, King, 119 Stonehewer, Mr., 193, 346 Sturton, Sir Thomas, 344 Sutton, Dr. Robert, 8 and _note_ 4 Symonds, Professor John, 103, 114 and _note_ 84, 120-124, 129, 140, 144, 146, 154, 160, 184, 192, 201, 210, 236, 239, 253, 283, 295, 304, 344, 355, 362, 368, 400, 412, 419-421

Thornhill, Major, 78, 79 Thurlow, Lord, 161 Tillet, Mr. de, 170 Tomlinson, Mr., 22 — Mrs. (sister of Arthur Young), 20, 22, 126 Tour du Pin, Count de la, 257 Townsend, Rev. J., 407 and _note_ 227 Townshend, Lord, 136 Trant, Mr. and Mrs., 73 Tuam, Archbishop of, 75 Turner, Miss, 15 Turton, Dr., 264, 273, 274

Valpy, Dr. Richard, 106 and _note_ 81, 133, 297 Vancouver, 426 and _note_ 232 Vansittart, Nicholas, (afterwards Lord Bexley), 426 and _note_ 233, 435, 459 Vary, Mr., 140, 141, 193 Vassy, Governor, 4 Voltaire (quoted), 39

Wakefield, Edward, 75 and _note_ Washington, General, 189, 191, 360 Watson, Richard (afterwards Bishop of Llandaff), 97, 123, 124, 147, 150, 177-180, 236, 237, 254, 375 Way, Miss, 467 Wedderburn, Alexander (afterwards Earl of Rosslyn), 97 and _note_ 70 — Colonel, 16 _note_ 9 Wellesley, Marquis of, 451 Wentworth, Lord, 245 Whitbread, Samuel, 52, 59, 161 Wight, Alexander, 84 and _note_ Wilberforce, William, 201, 287 and _note_ 180, 288, 289, 297, 307, 325 and _note_, 326, 345, 348, 359, 371, 375, 407, 454 _note_, 457, 459 Wilkes, John, 10 Willes, Mr. Justice, 52 Willoughby, Sir C., 351, 413 Winchester, Earl of, 245 Winchilsea, Earl of, 244, 315, 351, 363, 388, 466, 470 Windham, William, 161 Wollaston, Dr., 277 Wurtemburg, Queen of, 425 Wyndham, M.P., Mr., 259

Yeldham, John, 47 York, Duke of, 16, 266, 327 York, Mrs., 245 Young, Rev. Dr. (father of Arthur Young, writer of the Autobiography), 2-6, 8, 9, 10, 13, 14, 24 — Mrs. (mother of Arthur Young), 3, 22, 24, 28, 56, 57, 61, 77, 81, 126 — Arthur (son of Arthur Young), 51, 139, 143, 299, 317, 318, 323, 352, 363, 382, 402, 403, 406, 408, 415, 418, 428, 429, 432, 448, 456, 457, 464 — — (last descendant of Arthur Young), 127 _note_ 94 — Mrs. Arthur (wife of Arthur Young), 32 and _note_ 29, 46, 81, 142, 146, 319, 339, 389, 413, 424, 429, 438, 457, 460 — — — (daughter-in-law of Arthur Young), 323, 397, 398, 399, 404, 409, 415, 429, 446, 448, 457 — Bartholomew (grandfather of Arthur Young), 2 — Elizabeth (‘Bessy’) (second daughter of Arthur Young), 51, 146, 181, 189. _See_ also Hoole, Mrs. — Elizabeth Mary (‘Elisa Maria’) (sister of Arthur Young), 1, 15, 19, 20. _See also_ Tomlinson, Mrs. — Rev. Dr. John (brother of Arthur Young), 2, 9, 57, 107, 127, 132, 138-143 — Martha Ann (‘Bobbin’) (youngest daughter of Arthur Young), 110 and _note_ 83, 158, 159 _note_ 118, 184, 185, 263-284, 286, 287, 290, 294, 295, 298, 323, 382, 423 — Mary (eldest daughter of Arthur Young), 43, 184, 382, 425, 440, 454 _note_ 244, 457, 472

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Transcriber’s Note

In the Table of Contents, the page for Chapter I was missing and has been supplied. The page given for Chapter III was ‘4’ and has been replaced by the correct page 44.

The Index has frequent references to footnotes, mentioning the page and number on those pages. Since all footnotes have been renumbered sequentially, for uniqueness, across the text, the Index references have been modified to reflect the new numbers.

On p. 223, Young includes a memorandum from August 21, opening with a quotation mark which is never closed. Judging from the tone of the memorandum, it is likely that it closes at the end of a long paragraph on p. 224 (see below).

Errors deemed most likely to be the printer’s have been corrected, and are noted here. The references are to the page and line in the original.

32.23 [I ]shall make the tea Added.

58.13 were the numbers ascertained.[’] Removed.

187.30 quoted particulars o[f] yearly expenses Restored.

211.11 ‘Last night, in[s]tead of reading Inserted.

213.13 on the p[oli/la]ce of corn and capital Probable.
employed

224.22 secretaryship of the Board.[’] Added.

284.26 dwells upon the present.[’] Added.

306 the study of polite letters[.] Added.

315.27 the same answer was [r]eturned Restored.

381.16 I have taken places[.] Added.

393.31 ‘Der Augenblick ist Ewigkeit.[’] Added.

459.12 general anxiety and app[r]ehension Inserted.

Transcription of Manuscript Letter after p. 188

The following is a transcription of a letter from Arthur Young to his wife Mary. There are several place names that resist transcription in indicated with bracketed dashes.

No 82

Besançon July 27. 89

Dear Mary

I expected a L^r here, but was disappointed How comes y^t: I
hope not to be so at Dijon.

I think I wrote you fr^o Strasbourg: the day after at y^t place 20,000 mob pillaged the Hotel d. Ville a house 3 times as big as the Angel & almost tore it in pieces: It was well furnished, but all turn’d out of windows in sight of 6 Regim.^{ts} who could not or w’d not do anything to save it. From y^t time to this moment all has been riot in every place I have been at. I spent a day at Schelestad with the Ct. de la Rochefoucauld who was very civil & obliging but on y^e qui vive for populace who are every where in motion At one place I was near being knocked on the head for want of a Tiers etat Cockade; and at another saved by self being an english^n. by explaining how y^e Tiers etat p^d no taxes but the Seigneurs all in England; proposing to them to do the same in France, they relished this, and believed y^t I was not a Seigneur, but an honest fellow.

In this country worse & worse—they are burning and plundering chateaus, & hunt down the Seigneurs like wild beasts—some have been shot, others hanged, and hundreds driven out of the Country & ruined. You see by y^e papers I suppose that the King is at Versailles bereft of Guards power, family & all but claps and huzzas: the Queen shut up at St Cyr; the Count d’Artois gone to Spain it is said but first to [————]; and all the Queen’s friends fled the Kingdom to escape halters. Never was such a revolution known or heard off. The towns are every where arming the tiers etat, so it will very soon be too late for the nobility to stir in their defence.

Pray tell Hyde to take Care that the acre in Grav P.field y^t is to be inclosed be well dunged & sowed with cabbage seed I ordered fr^o [——] thro Bess—with^t fail by the 20^{th}. august in fine order. Write me how the Cabbages are, fr^o a little bed in [——] past Round garden; How does Cooper go on? I desire that Arthur may lose no time at home, but take M^r Symonds directions when to go to C. I have not had a L^r from him of 11 months; I suppose because I expressly desired one once a fortnight: But nothing surprizes me that come fr^o him; Eton has I hope has done so much for his head that it leaves nothing for his heart—God send it may prove so; & y^t I have not impoverished myself for nothing.

Give my dear Bobbin a Kiss for me & tell her I shall write her a L^r next.

Adieu Y^r affect^t AY

Rem^r me to y^r Mother

Say nothing to Arth. ab^t writing; I had much rather have no L^r than such as those hints bring: observe this:

Miss Young
Bradfield Hall
Bury
Suffolk
Angleterre