Chapter II: Part 2

This new species of Gorteria stands foremost in the ranks of beauty whilst expanded by the solar ray, whose absence is soon visible in the plant by the rolling up of the petals; but on the following morn, when the sun’s beams begin to warm the vegetable world, they again unfold themselves with undiminished lustre, and so continue successively for near a fortnight.

Our drawing was made from a fine plant in the nursery of Mr. Harrison at Brompton. We also observed it in bloom at Messrs. Colville’s; from whom, to complete the dissections, we received a flower, which, although it had been a week in bloom, continued to perform its diurnal evolutions (in a glass of water) of rolling up and expanding for nearly a week longer--but only from eleven till one in the day:--a shorter time, most probably owing to its being kept in a room whose northern aspect prevented the exhilarating rays of Phœbus from approaching. It was introduced from the Cape of Good Hope by G. Hibbert, esq. about the year 1804, and considered as biennial.

PLATE DXXIV.

LACHNÆA BUXIFOLIA.

_Box-leaved Lachnæa._

CLASS VIII. ORDER I.

_OCTANDRIA MONOGYNIA._ Eight Chives. One Pointal.

ESSENTIAL GENERIC CHARACTER.

CALYX nullus. Corolla quadrifida; limbo inæquali. Semen unum,
sub-baccatum.

CUP none. Blossom four-cleft; border unequal. One seed, nearly
berried.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER.

LACHNÆA foliis ovatis, glabris, glaucis: floribus in capitulis
globosis: corollis albis, odoratis. Caulis teres, longissimus.

Habitat ad Caput Bonæ Spei.

LACHNÆA with ovate, smooth, glaucous leaves. Flowers in globular
heads. Blossoms white, and sweet-scented. Stem round, and very
long.

Native of the Cape of Good Hope.

REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.

1. A blossom spread open.
2. The seed-bud and pointal.
3. The flower-receptacle.

This fragrant species of Lachnæa is the L. buxifolia of Lamarck, and the Gnidia filamentosa of Linnæus; but certainly not a Gnidia, as it wants the four small inner petals, the distinguishing feature and most essential distinction between those two genera.

Our figure delineates a plant in the conservatory of G. Hibbert, esq. that was upwards of five feet high; and interspersed amongst some fine bushy shrubs, its compact flowers and delicate glaucous foliage gave it a picturesque appearance.

PLATE DXXV.

PODALYRIA HIRSUTA.

_Hairy Podalyria._

CLASS X. ORDER I.

_DECANDRIA MONOGYNIA._ Ten Chives. One Pointal.

ESSENTIAL GENERIC CHARACTER.

CALYX sub-bilabiatus, quinquefidus. Corolla papilionacea. Alæ
vexilli longitudine. Legumen ventricosum, polyspermum.

EMPALEMENT nearly bilabiate, five-cleft. Blossom butterfly-shaped.
Wings the length of the standard. Pod ventricose, and many-seeded.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER.

PODALYRIA foliis simplicibus, hirsutis, ovatis vel oblongis:
corollis magnis, purpureis, plerumque simplicibus: pedunculis
longis: ramis teretibus, pilosis.

PODALYRIA with simple, hairy leaves, ovate or oblong. Blossoms
large and purple, mostly single. Footstalks long. Branches round
and hairy.

REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.

1. The empalement.
2. The standard.
3. One of the wings.
4. The keel.
5. Chives and pointal.
6. The chives spread open.
7. Seed-bud and pointal.

Podalyria is a section of the genus Sophora, separated from it by Lamarck, and named after the son of Æsculapius, the celebrated physician who accompanied the Grecians in their famous expedition against Troy.

This species, we have little doubt, is the P. hirsuta (an unfigured species) enumerated by Willdenow, although by some it is thought to be distinct from it, on account of the leaves being somewhat longer, the flowers of a finer colour; differences, we think, accounted for in the latitude of growth resulting from varied modes of culture.

Our drawing was made from a plant raised from Cape seed, by Messrs. Whitley and Brames, in the year 1806.

PLATE DXXVI.

PROTEA CESPITOSA.

_Turfy Protea._

CLASS IV. ORDER I.

_TETRANDRIA MONOGYNIA._ Four Chives. One Pointal.

ESSENTIAL GENERIC CHARACTER.

COROLLA 4-fida, seu 4-petala. Antheræ lineares, petalis infra
apices insertæ. Calyx proprius, nullus. Semina solitaria.

BLOSSOM four-cleft, or of four petals. Tips linear, inserted into
the petals below the points. Cup proper, none. Seeds solitary.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER.

PROTEA foliis rigidis, lanceolatis, pilosis, undulatis, glabris,
patentibus, apice adscendente, supra convexis, infra concavis:
capitulo globoso, terminali: corollis ferrugineis: squamis pilosis,
interne læte rubris. Caulis humilis.

Habitat ad Caput Bonæ Spei.

PROTEA with rigid, lance-shaped, hairy leaves, waved, smooth, and
spreading, with an ascending point, convex above, and concave
beneath: head of flowers globular, and terminal. Blossoms of a
rusty colour. Scales hairy, and of a bright red on the inside. Stem
low.

Native of the Cape of Good Hope.

REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.

1. A flower complete.
2. Seed-bud and pointal.

This new dwarf Protea is named from its sod-or turf-like appearance. Although of low and humble growth, it is by no means deficient in attraction. The inner side of the imbricating scales is of a fine red, which is a great addition to its beauty whilst expanded: but in our plant this was of short duration, occasioned by the pressure of the leaves from the rapid growth of the surrounding side shoots.

Our figure was made from the Hibbertian collection.

PLATE DXXVII.

RUELLIA FULGIDA.

_Bright-flowered Ruellia._

CLASS IV. ORDER I.

_TETRANDRIA MONOGYNIA._ Four Chives. One Pointal.

ESSENTIAL GENERIC CHARACTER.

CALYX 5-partitus. Corolla monopetala, limbo 5-lobo, inæquali.
Stamina biconjugata. Stylus filiformis. Stigma bifidum. Capsula
dissepimentis dentatis, elasticis, dehiscentibus. Semina pauca.

EMPALEMENT 5-parted. Blossom one petal: border 5-lobed, unequal.
Chives by pairs. Shaft thread-shaped. Summit two-cleft. Capsule
with the partitions toothed, elastic, and splitting. Seeds few.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER.

RUELLIA foliis petiolatis, ovato-acuminatis, undulatis, pilosis,
crenatis: pedunculis axillaribus, cum multis floribus tubæformibus.

RUELLIA with petiolated leaves ovately pointed, waved, hairy, and
scolloped. Footstalks axillary, with many long trumpet-shaped
flowers.

REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.

1. The empalement.
2. A blossom spread open.
3. Seed-bud and pointal.
4. The capsule.
5. The same split open.
6. A ripe seed.

This new and beautiful species of Ruellia was introduced by Lord Seaforth from the West Indies, and flowered in Mr. Lambert’s stove at Boyton, in June 1807, for the first time in England; and continued, as he informs us, to flower during the greatest part of the summer, ripening its seeds in abundance, and being easily propagated by cuttings.

PLATE DXXVIII.

ORNITHOGALUM ELATUM.

_Lofty Ornithogalum._

CLASS VI. ORDER I.

_HEXANDRIA MONOGYNIA._ Six Chives. One Pointal.

ESSENTIAL GENERIC CHARACTER.

COROLLA 6-petala, persistens. Filamenta basi dilatata. Capsula
3-locularis. Semina subrotunda, nuda.

BLOSSOM 6-petalled, remaining. Threads widened at the base. Capsule
3-celled. Seeds roundish and naked.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER.

ORNITHOGALUM foliis lanceolatis: floribus in racemo longissimo
crescentibus, albis et parvis: staminibus longitudinem corollarum
fere æquantibus.

ORNITHOGALUM with lance-shaped leaves. Flowers grow on a very long
spike, are white and small. The stamens scarcely the length of the
blossoms.

REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.

1. A petal and chive.
2. A chive shown from the outer side.
3. Seed-bud and pointal.
4. The same magnified.

This tall and delicate plant was introduced by J. M. Cripps, esq., who found the roots in Egypt on the plains of Alexandria, near the spot where the famous battle was fought in the year 1801; and from one which he planted in his garden at Staunton in Sussex our drawing was made. It agrees in habit with the Ornithogalum latifolium, but is perfectly distinct both in the blossoms and foliage from that species. The plant which our figure represents had already produced four side bulbs. It flowered in March last, and appears to propagate freely.

PLATE DXXIX.

NITRARIA SCHOBERI.

_Schober’s Nitraria._

CLASS XI. ORDER I.

_DODECANDRIA MONOGYNIA._ Twelve Chives. One Pointal.

GENERIC CHARACTER.

COROLLA 5-petala, cucullata.

CALYX 5-fidus. Stamina 15. Drupa 1-sperma.

BLOSSOM five-petalled, hooded.

EMPALEMENT 5-cleft. Chives 15. Berry oneseeded.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER.

NITRARIA foliis integerrimis, obtusis.

Habitat in Siberia.

_Pallas’s Flora Rossica_, vol. i. tab. 50.

NITRARIA with entire leaves, blunt.

Native of Siberia.

REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.

1. The empalement.
2. A petal.
3. Seed-bud, chives, and pointal.
4. A chive magnified.
5. Seed-bud and pointal.
6. The same magnified.

This species of Nitraria is named after Schober, a physician and lover of botany in Russia. It grows in the barren salt deserts near the Caspian Sea, particularly about the salt lakes in Siberia, and is also found in Astracan. It bears reddish berries of a salt taste, is a very rare plant in our gardens, but successfully cultivated by Mr. Bell, who not only puts salt to the roots, but also on the foliage. From a plant of his thus treated our drawing was made last summer. Only one more species of the genus has yet been discovered.

PLATE DXXX.

BIGNONIA UNCATA.

_Hooked Bignonia._

CLASS XIV. ORDER II.

_DIDYNAMIA ANGIOSPERMIA._ Two Chives longer. Seeds covered.

ESSENTIAL GENERIC CHARACTER.

CALYX 5-fidus, cyathiformis. Corolla fauce campanulata, 5-fida,
subtus ventricosa. Siliqua bilocularis. Semina membranacea, alata.

EMPALEMENT 5-cleft, cup-shaped. Blossom bell-shaped at the mouth,
5-cleft, and bellied beneath. A pod of two cells. Seeds winged,
with a skinny membrane.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER.

BIGNONIA foliis conjugatis, longo-lanceolatis, acuminatis, et
tribus cirris acutis uncatis.

BIGNONIA with conjugate, long-lanced, acuminate leaves, and three
hooked sharp tendrils.

REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.

1. The empalement.
2. A flower spread open, the segments of the border cut off.
3. Seed-bud and pointal.

This new species of Bignonia flowered for the first time in England in the stove of A. B. Lambert, esq. Boyton. We have seen it (but not in flower) in other collections, and have heard it called by the specific title of ophthalmica: but as no reason could be assigned for that appellation within the reach of our inquiry, we have named it from its hooked tendrils. It is an autumnal-flowering plant running to a great length, with frequent blossoms, is a native of Cayenne, and was introduced by Lord Seaforth.

PLATE DXXXI.

VERONICA DERWENTIA.

_New Holland Veronica._

CLASS II. ORDER I.

_DIANDRIA MONOGYNIA._ Two Chives. One Pointal.

ESSENTIAL GENERIC CHARACTER.

COROLLA limbo 4-partito: laciniis infimis angustioribus. Capsula
bilocularis.

BLOSSOM, border 4-parted. Lowest segments narrower. Capsule
two-locular.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER.

VERONICA foliis lanceolatis, oppositis, alternis, dentatis:
floribus spicatis, axillaribus: corollis parvis, pallide violaceis,
fragrantissimis.

VERONICA with leaves lance-shaped, opposite, alternate, and
toothed. Flowers grow in spikes from the axillæ of the leaves.
Blossoms small, of a pale violet colour, and very fragrant.

REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.

1. The empalement.
2. A blossom spread open.
3. Seed-bud and pointal.

This new species of Veronica was communicated to us by A. B. Lambert, esq. It is a native of Botany Bay on the banks of the Derwent, and was sent over by one of the settlers. The abundance and agreeable fragrance of its flowers render it deserving a place in any collection.

PLATE DXXXII.

PROTEA HUMIFLORA.

_Low-flowering Protea._

CLASS IV. ORDER I.

_TETRANDRIA MONOGYNIA._ Four Chives. One Pointal.

ESSENTIAL GENERIC CHARACTER.

COROLLA 4-fida, seu 4-petala. Antheræ lineares, petalis infra
apices insertæ. Calyx proprius, nullus. Semina solitaria.

BLOSSOM four-cleft, or of four petals. Tips linear, inserted into
the petals below the points. Cup proper, none. Seeds solitary.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER.

PROTEA foliis lanceolatis: ramis plurimis adscendentibus: floribus
confertis, procumbentibus.

Habitat ad Caput Bonæ Spei.

PROTEA with lance-shaped leaves, with many ascending branches.
Flowers crowded together, and lying on the ground.

Native of the Cape of Good Hope.

REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.

1. A flower complete.
2. Seed-bud and pointal, summit magnified.

Of this perfectly new species of Protea we have represented the entire plant, just as we found it growing in the conservatory of G. Hibbert, esq., where it has flowered for the first time in this country. In the flowers it resembles the P. cordata, in its foliage the P. canaliculata, allied to each and yet removed from both. The procumbent situation of its crowded blossoms gives a singularity to its appearance, and altogether it is certainly a very interesting species. It should be planted in a light loamy soil, and kept in an airy part of the green-house.

PLATE DXXXIII.

CACTUS COCCINELLIFER.

_Cochineal Torch Thistle._

CLASS XII. ORDER I.

_ICOSANDRIA MONOGYNIA._ About twenty Chives. One Pointal.

ESSENTIAL GENERIC CHARACTER.

CALYX monophyllus, superus, imbricatus. Corolla multiplex. Bacca
monolocularis, polysperma.

EMPALEMENT one-leafed, above, tiled. Blossom of many folds. Berry
of one loculament, many-seeded.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER.

CACTUS prolifero-articulatus: articulis ovato-oblongis,
sub-inermibus.

Habitat in Mexico.

Tuna cochenillifera.--_Dill. Elth. tab. 297._

CEREUS proliferous-jointed. Joints are of an ovate and oblong form,
and nearly unarmed.

Native of Mexico.

REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.

1. A flower cut open.
2. The same shown from the outer side.
3. A longitudinal section of the seed-bud.
4. The cochineal insect as retailed in the shops.
5. The same shown from the under side.
6. A larger and darker sort.
7. The same shown from the under side and magnified.

_Cactus coccinellifer_ is a native of Mexico, where the principal culture of cochineal is situated, under the torrid zone, where little or no rain falls during half the year (from the beginning of October to about the end of March); as rain destroys the insects, and is injurious to the plants. The dryer the soil is the better they succeed, as their roots are very impatient of water. Although the insects are found naturally upon the plant in those climates, the cultivators, we are informed, always stock their young plantations with insects of their own rearing, which are larger and finer than the wild sort, and give a more brilliant colour. These they breed under sheds in the rainy season; and, when the spring commences, always fresh stock their plantations, scattering a few breeding insects upon each plant, and in a few days the surface appears speckled over with them, each bringing about 300 at a birth. In two months after they begin to collect, by scraping the insects from the bark with the blunt edge of a knife; nor need they any other preparation than immersion for half a minute in boiling water, which is done by dipping them in a kind of sieve, and afterwards drying them in the sun, or by a common fire. Three collections in this manner are generally made in six months; fresh breeding insects being always replaced upon the plants after gathering. Other species of Cacti also breed the insects; but this is always preferred, as a man can gather from the _coccinellifer_ ten pounds a day, while from the _Tuna_, _Opuntia_, and other thorny species, he could not gather two ounces. The plants are generally placed in lines from north to south, that both sides may have the benefit of the sun; and they consider them fit to bear insects at the age of 18 months. Although it is neither a new nor a rare plant, yet as an interesting one, and rarely seen in blossom in England, we presume it will be acceptable to our readers; nor is there any tolerable figure of it which we have seen, unless that of Dillenius in the Hortus Elthamensis, which is not in every body’s hands. Our drawing was made in July 1808, at the Countess de Vandes' collection at Bayswater.

PLATE DXXXIV.

JUNIPERUS DAURICA.

_Daurian Juniper._

CLASS XXII. ORDER XIII.

_DIŒCIA MONADELPHIA._ Chives and Pointals on different Plants. Monadelphous.

GENERIC CHARACTER.

* _Masculi flores._

AMENTUM ovatum. Calyx squamosus. Corolla nulla. Stamina 3.

* _Fœminei flores._

CALYX 3-partitus. Petala 3. Bacca 3-sperma, tubulata, tuberculata.
Calyx inæqualis.

* _Male flowers._

CATKIN egg-shaped. Empalement squamous. Blossom none. Chives 3.

* _Female flowers._

EMPALEMENT 3-parted. Petals 3. Shaft 3. Berry 3-seeded, hollowed,
and a little swelled. Cup unequal.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER.

JUNIPERUS foliis oppositis, acutis, imbricatis, decurrentibus,
passim patulis, subulatis.

_Pallas’s Flora Rossica_, vol. 2. p. 13. tab. 55.

JUNIPER with opposite leaves, acute, imbricated, and decurrent,
here and there spreading, and awl-shaped.

REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.

1. A female flower magnified. 2. Seed-bud and pointals, magnified. 3. A berry. 4. The same cut in two, with a seed detached.

The plant here figured is from the arboretum of the Marquis of Blandford at White Knights, where we first noticed it in 1806, growing in the greatest perfection, and bearing abundance of fruit, which it still continues to do annually; and being a finer species than any we before possessed, is an interesting addition to our collections of hardy evergreens. It agrees perfectly with the figure and description in the Flora Rossica, and also with the original specimen in the Pallasian Herbarium (now in the possession of A. B. Lambert, esq.)

The plant from which our figure was taken is above twelve feet high, and wide in proportion. The male plant we have not seen. Gmelin informs us (in his History of the Plants of Siberia) that in the town of Janisca the Cossacks burn the twigs of this plant to fumigate those who are afflicted with obscure diseases, or those which they superstitiously suppose to be excited by devils, of whose agency they are extremely credulous, and whom they believe to be pacified with smoke and hideous noises, as being congenial to their own nature.

PLATE DXXXV.

TROPÆOLUM PINNATUM.

_Winged Nasturtium._

CLASS VIII. ORDER I.

_OCTANDRIA MONOGYNIA._ Eight Chives. One Pointal.

GENERIC CHARACTER.

CALYX 1-phyllus, calcaratus. Petala 4-5, inæqualia. Nuces 3,
coriaceæ.

EMPALEMENT one-leafed, spurred. Petals 4 or 5, unequal. Kernels 3,
coriaceous.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER.

TROPÆOLUM foliis sub-peltatis: lobis obtusis, inæqualibus: floribus
pinnatis: petalis quinque, cuneatis, apice dentatis.

NASTURTIUM with leaves nearly shield-shaped. Lobes obtuse, and
unequal. Flowers winged. Petals 5, wedge-shaped, and toothed at the
end.

REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.

1. A flower spread open. 2. Seed-bud, chives, and pointal. 3. Seed-bud and pointal.

This nondescript and beautiful species of Nasturtium we met with in the select collection of the Countess de Vandes at Bayswater. Our figure represents the entire plant; but by whom introduced, or whence a native, we have not been able to learn. It appears to succeed well with the treatment usual to other Tropæolums; and, if it should seed with us, will no doubt be abundantly cultivated for the brilliance of its elegant little blossoms. It flowers during the summer months.

PLATE DXXXVI.

PROTEA ABROTANIFOLIA, _minor_.

_Small Southernwood-leaved Protea._

CLASS IV. ORDER I.

_TETRANDRIA MONOGYNIA._ Four Chives. One Pointal.

ESSENTIAL GENERIC CHARACTER.

COROLLA 4-fida, seu 4-petala. Antheræ lineares, petalis infra
apices insertæ. Calyx proprius, nullus. Semina solitaria.

BLOSSOM four-cleft, or of four petals. Tips linear, inserted into
the petals below the points. Cup proper, none. Seeds solitary.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER.

PROTEA foliis tri-furcatis, filiformibus, acutis: floribus parvis,
ramos terminantibus in umbellis confertis.

Habitat ad Caput Bonæ Spei.

PROTEA with leaves three-forked, thread-shaped, and pointed.
Flowers small, and terminate the branches in crowded umbels.

Native of the Cape of Good Hope.

REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.

1. A leaf. 2. A bract. 3. A flower, one tip magnified. 4. Seed-bud and pointal.

Throughout this small divided-leaved section of the genus Protea there is a similarity of appearance in the foliage, that makes the specific differences appear less distinct than they really are. The small-flowered species is a compact bushy little shrub, about fourteen inches high, and nearly the same in width, requiring a light sandy loam, free access of air, and a little attention to preserve it from the partial humidity of the atmosphere.

PLATE DXXXVII.

ORIGANUM TOURNEFORTII.

_Tournefort’s Origanum._

CLASS XIV. ORDER I.

_DIDYNAMIA GYMNOSPERMIA._ Two Chives longer. Seeds naked.

GENERIC CHARACTER.

STROBILUS tetragonus, spicatus, calyces colligens. Corollæ labium
superius erectum: inferius 3-partitum: laciniis æqualibus.

HEAD of flowers four-sided, like ears of corn, containing the cups.
The upper lip of the blossom is upright: the lower is three-parted,
in equal segments.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER.

ORIGANUM spicis tetragonis: bracteis sub-rotundis, maximis: foliis
geminis, oppositis, alternis, cordatis, punctatis, glaucis.

Habitat in Magna Græcia.

ORIGANUM with a four-sided spike: floral leaves nearly round, and
large. Leaves by pairs, opposite and alternate, heart-shaped,
dotted, and glaucous.

Native of Greece.

REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.

1. A flower. 2. The same spread without the cup. 3. Seed-bud and pointal.

This species of Origanum was first discovered by Tournefort, who, in his travels in the Levant, describes it as one of the rarest plants in all the Archipelago; native of Amorgos, and only to be found in the clefts or rents of a hideous rock that overhangs the sea. At the bottom of this rock stands a convent of the Virgin, a large house resembling a chest of drawers, and to which there is no entrance but by a ladder of a dozen wooden steps through a small opening in one of the corners, the door of which is covered with iron plates. This frightful promontory is naturally perpendicular, and said to exceed in height that of La Sainte Baume in Provence.

PLATE DXXXVIII.

VANILLA PLANIFOLIA.

_Flat-leaved Vanilla._

CLASS XX. ORDER I.

_GYNANDRIA DIANDRIA._ Chives on the Pointals. Two Chives.

GENERIC CHARACTER.

COROLLA pentapetala. Labellum basi sub-cucullatum, ecalcaratum.
Anthera opercularis, decidua. Capsula siliquæformis, carnosa.

BLOSSOM of five petals. Lip of the nectary nearly cowl-shaped, and
without any spur. Anthers covered, at last falling off. Fruit a
long fleshy pod.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER.

VANILLA foliis ovato-lanceolatis acuminatis obliquis, obsolete
striatis, nitidis: petalis sublanceolatis, incurvis, obtusis.

VANILLA with oval-lanced, oblique pointed leaves, which are faintly
streaked, and shining; and the petals of the blossom somewhat
lance-shaped, blunt, and curved inwards.

REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.

1. The nectarium spread open. 2. The chives and pointal.

Vanilla flore albo, fructu breviori corallino, of Plumier’s unpublished drawings. The botanical history of this plant is curious. It was published by Plumier in the year 1703, as a third species of Vanilla, as we have ascertained by a copy of his original drawing in the collection of A. B. Lambert, esq. but unnoticed by Linnæus or any of his editors. In the Paradisus Londinensis it has been mistaken for Plumier’s first species, the Epidendrum Vanilla of Linnæus, (Vanilla aromatica of Swartz and Willdenow,) of which we have three original figures: Catesby’s, in his History of Carolina, vol. iii. tab. 7.; Madam Merian’s, and Plumier’s own drawing published by Burman; all of them totally unlike it. No two plants can be more specifically distinct, and we have seldom seen two species of one genus so different in the blossoms.

Vanilla planifolia is an exceedingly ornamental and as yet a scarce species, and runs to many feet in length, throwing out simple tendrils from the axils of the leaves. The finest specimen in England, and the only one that has blossomed, is in the choice collection of the Right Hon. Charles Greville, at Paddington, from which our drawing was taken. We are informed that it is a native of the West Indies, and was introduced to this country by the Marquis of Blandford.

PLATE DXXXIX.

CALYCANTHUS FERTILIS.

_Fruitful Allspice._

CLASS XII. ORDER VIII.

_ICOSANDRIA POLYGYNIA._ Twenty Chives. Many Pointals.

ESSENTIAL GENERIC CHARACTER.

CALYX imbricatus: foliolis coloratis. Corolla nulla. Styli plurimi.
Stigmata glandulosa. Semina plurima, intra calycis partem
succulentam.

EMPALEMENT tiled: leaflets coloured. Blossom none. Shafts many.
Summits glandular. Seeds many, within the fleshy part of the cup.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER.

CALYCANTHUS ramis virgatis, sub-erectis: foliis ovato-lanceolatis,
acuminatis: floribus fertilibus.

Habitat in Americâ Boreali.

CALYCANTHUS with twiggy branches nearly upright. Leaves ovately
lance-shaped, and pointed. Flowers fertile.

Native of North America.

REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.

1. A flower divested of the leaflets of the cup. 2. The same cut open, to show the seeds.

This fruitful species of Calycanthus has not yet been figured by any author we know of, but has been described by two: first by Walter, in his Flora Caroliniana, under the title of C. fertilis; and afterwards by Michaux, in his Flora Boreali-Americana, under the appellation of C. ferax, synonymous appellations equally good: and we see no reason why it should have been altered from fertilis, if even for the better, unless that had been a very bad specific title. It is a native of the high mountains of Carolina, in North America, and was introduced by Mr. Lyons in 1807. Our figure is from a plant in the collection of the Marquis of Blandford.

_Erratum._--In our last Number, Pl. DXXXVII, the description of
Origanum Tournefortii (in the hurry too often attendant upon
periodical publications) was left unfinished. The most necessary
information omitted, is, that it is a hardy green-house shrub; and
fine living specimens of it were communicated to us by A. B.
Lambert, esq. who received it from the Royal Gardens at Kew, to
which it was introduced by the late Dr. Sibthorpe in 1788.

PLATE DXL.

MESEMBRYANTHEMUM HETEROPHYLLUM.

_Various-leaved Mesembryanthemum._

CLASS XII. ORDER V.

_ICOSANDRIA PENTAGYNIA._ Twenty Chives. Five Pointals.

ESSENTIAL GENERIC CHARACTER.

CALYX 4-5-fidus. Petala numerosa, linearia, basi cohærentia.
Capsula carnosa, infera, polysperma.

EMPALEMENT 4-5-cleft. Petals numerous, linear, and united at the
base. Fruit fleshy, below, many-seeded.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER.

MESEMBRYANTHEMUM octogynum, caulescens: foliis sub-semiteretibus,
elongatis, obliquis, nitidis, basi connatis: apicibus vel
aduncorostratis vel ancipitibus, integris, obtusis.

Habitat in Promontorio Bonæ Spei.

MESEMBRYANTHEMUM eight-styled, with a stem, and leaves nearly
half-round, elongated, oblique, shining, and united at the base,
with the points either like a hooked bill, or two-edged, entire,
and blunt.

Native of the Cape of Good Hope.

REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.

1. A flower divested of the petals cut open. 2. Seed-buds and pointals, a summit magnified. 3. A dry capsule. 4. The capsule as it appears when half expanded in water. 5. The same when fully expanded.

Of this fine Mesembryanthemum we have found no figure nor description. It is most allied to M. difforme, so well illustrated by Dillenius, and figured before by Plukenet; but the figure of Miller, _tab._ 126. _fig._ 2. quoted for the same plant in the four last editions of the _Species Plantarum_, is certainly M. dolabriforme, as the author himself says, although his editor here has not stuck close to his text. M. heterophyllum is very distinct from either, is a free growing species, and flowers from June to September, the blossom open early in the morning, and shut in the afternoon. It is propagated both by seeds and parting the roots. The fruit is divided into eight loculaments for the seed, separated longitudinally by double elastic partitions, which are reflected above, so that the edges come in contact together and cover the seeds. Eight elastic valves attached to the margin of the fruit, and adhering firmly to the part containing the seeds, and to one another until mature, again enclose these. Two cartilaginous coloured bodies, jointed near the base, and arising from the outer edge of the partitions, are prominent upon the interior of each of those valves, which have their edges always more or less reflected to facilitate the entrance of moisture to the seeds, above which they continue to lie close so long as the atmosphere continues dry: but, when it rains, or water is poured upon them, it enters by the openings between the valves, and is imbibed by the receptacles of the seeds and cartilaginous partitions, which presently become much dilated, and the diameter of the fruit is considerably increased. The upper valves also by this extension are drawn outwards, and being pressed at the same time by the edges of the partitions, resting against the elastic rigid bodies on their interior surface, gradually rise to be perpendicular upon the margin, when the fruit somewhat resembles a little cup with a Vandyke edge; but this is of short duration, as the less elastic and hygrometrical exterior of the valves (for their interior parts imbibe water and dilate rapidly) soon draws them backwards into the form of a star or polypetalous flower, with colours as vivid as if really vegetating. The edges of the partitions now become more erect, leaving the seeds uncovered; and the water being led towards the centre by channels in the valves, and retained by an elevated margin, the seeds are floated out of their cells. The fruit when dry, again contracts as before, and the experiment may be repeated _ad libitum_. What a wonderful œconomy of Nature to produce the seeds just at the moment proper for their germination, and preventing them until that time from falling on the parched sands and rocks upon which those plants vegetate! In some plants, natives of cold regions, where seeds are in danger of perishing by moisture, and there is seldom sufficient warmth for their vegetation, an œconomy the direct reverse takes place. The cones of pines, being most hygrometrical externally, close firmly in moisture, and expand only in dry heat! The singular qualities of the fruits of Mesembryanthema, we find first mentioned by Dillenius--_see his Hortus Elthamensis, vol._ ii. _p._ 237. It has since been noticed by Dr. Sims, who has described the fruit M. pinnatifidum in the _Medical Journal_ for 1799, and also by Mr. Konig in the _Annals of Botany_, but we believe no elucidation of the phenomenon has been given before. Dr. Hagen, a German, who possessed the fruits of three species without knowing what they were, imagined they were the whole plants, and described them as a new and extraordinary reviviscent genus in Cryptogamia. Others have taken them for the Rose of Jericho, which is not a fruit, but a plant. The fruits of most Mesembryanthema exhibit the same metamorphosis, but with great variety. M. hispidum has the upper valves double, the inner membrane beautifully transparent. The fruit of this perfectly ripened, if put into tepid water, will fly open as if with a spring. We have made experiments with the fruits of M. latum, scalpratum, cordatum, and pugioniforme, all of which are very fine.

Our specimen is from the collection of A. B. Lambert, esq.

PLATE DXLI.

PROTEA CONIFERA.

_Cone-bearing Protea._

CLASS IV. ORDER I.

_TETRANDRIA MONOGYNIA._ Four Chives. One Pointal.

ESSENTIAL GENERIC CHARACTER.

COROLLA 4-fida, seu 4-petala. Antheræ lineares, petalis infra
apices insertæ. Calyx proprius, nullus. Semina solitaria.

BLOSSOM four-cleft, or of four petals. Tips linear, inserted into
the petals below the points. Cup proper, none. Seeds solitary.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER.

PROTEA foliis acinaciformibus, glabris, callosis: floribus in
capitulis terminalibus, pallide luteis: involucro patente, late
lanceolato, concolore.

PROTEA with scimitar-shaped leaves, smooth and hard. Flowers grow
in terminal heads of a pale yellow colour: the involucrum is
spreading, broadly lance-shaped, and the same colour as the
blossoms.

REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.

1. A flower. 2. A chive magnified. 3. Seed-bud and pointal, summit magnified.

Our figure represents part of a plant in the collection of G. Hibbert, esq. in the year 1803, and the smaller specimen a branch from the same plant in 1807. So considerable a latitude of growth is certainly deserving notice, as, upon a slight examination, they might easily be mistaken for distinct species. In the first year of its inflorescence its appearance is uninteresting; but in a year or two afterwards it displays such an abundance of bloom, that it then becomes a very ornamental little shrub. It is a Cape species, and requires no particular treatment more than what is common to the generality of this extensive family.

PLATE DXLII.

RUELLIA INFUNDIBULIFORMIS.

_Funnel-flowered Ruellia._

CLASS IV. ORDER I.

_TETRANDRIA MONOGYNIA._ Four Chives. One Pointal.

ESSENTIAL GENERIC CHARACTER.

CALYX 5-partitus. Corolla monopetala, limbo 5-lobo, inæquali.
Stamina biconjugata. Stylus filiformis. Stigma bifidum. Capsula
dissepimentis dentatis, elasticis, dehiscentibus. Semina pauca.

EMPALEMENT 5-parted. Blossom one petal: border 5-lobed, unequal.
Chives by pairs. Shaft thread-shaped. Summit two-cleft. Capsule
with the partitions toothed, elastic, and splitting. Seeds few.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER.

RUELLIA foliis oppositis, alternis, lanceolatis, undulatis,
costatis, lucidis: floribus in spicis terminalibus, confertis.
Corolla infundibuliformis: laciniis limbi quinquefidis, crenatis,
patentibus, rugosis, coccineis, ad basin luteis.

RUELLIA with opposite alternate leaves, lance-shaped, waved,
ribbed, and shining. Flowers grow in terminal spikes, crowded
together. Blossom funnel-shaped: segments of the border five-cleft
and notched, spreading, wrinkled, of a scarlet colour, and yellow
at the base.

REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.

1. The empalement. 2. A blossom spread open. 3. Seed-bud and pointal.

Few of the small plants that adorn the stove are superior in beauty to this elegant little shrub, whose successive bloom continues from June till January. It is the Justicia infundibuliformis of Linnæus, but must, according to his own system, be removed to the class Tetrandria. We have seen it in many collections in great luxuriance. It is a native of the East Indies, and was introduced by the Right Hon. C. Greville, four or five years ago. As yet, we believe, it has not perfected its seed with us, but propagates freely by cuttings.

PLATE DXLIII.

PROTEA SPECIOSA PATENS.

_Spreading Showy Protea._

CLASS IV. ORDER I.

_TETRANDRIA MONOGYNIA._ Four Chives. One Pointal.

ESSENTIAL GENERIC CHARACTER.

COROLLA 4-fida, seu 4-petala. Antheræ lineares, petalis infra
apices insertæ. Calyx proprius, nullus. Semina solitaria.

BLOSSOM four-cleft, or of four petals. Tips linear, inserted into
the petals below the points. Cup proper, none. Seeds solitary.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER.

PROTEA foliis lanceolatis, undulatis, pilosis: squamis calycinis
rotundato-ovatis, marginibus fimbriatis nigricantibus. Caulis
patens.

Habitat in Caput Bonæ Spei.

PROTEA with lance-shaped leaves, waved and hairy. Scales of the
empalement roundedly oval, with fringed margins of a black brown
colour. Stem spreading.

Native of the Cape of Good Hope.

REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.

1. A flower, one tip magnified. 2. Seed-bud and pointal, summit magnified.

This fine fringed Protea in the foliage is very nearly allied to the P. speciosa, but the flower is more spread open than any of that section we have as yet seen. It is naturally so averse to grow upright, that it is with difficulty prevented from bending downwards, which the branches always do till they are tied up. In this particular it very much resembles the P. repens, and, if left at liberty, would no doubt, like that species, creep or spread itself about on the earth. Our figure was made from a plant lately in the conservatory of G. H. Hibbert, esq., but recently consigned to J. Knight, his botanic gardener, who has commenced nurseryman in the King’s Road, Chelsea, with the whole of that well known valuable collection.

PLATE DXLIV.

MIMOSA PUDICA.

_Bashful Mimosa._

CLASS XXIII. ORDER I.

_POLYGAMIA MONŒCIA._ Various Dispositions upon one Plant.

ESSENTIAL GENERIC CHARACTER.

HERMAPH. Calyx 5-dentatus. Corolla 5-fida. Stamina 5, sive plura.
Pistillum 1. Legumen.

MASCUL. Calyx 5-dentatus. Corolla 5-fida. Stamina 4, 5, 10, sive
plura.

HERMAPH. Empalement 5-toothed. Blossom five-cleft. Chives 5, or
more. Pointal 1. A pod.

MALE. Empalement 5-toothed. Blossom 5-cleft. Chives 4, 5, 10, or
more.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER.

MIMOSA foliis sensitivis palmato-pinnatis, pinnulis, multijugis.
Caulis pilosus, aculeis paucis instructus. Petioli et pedunculi
pilosi. Fructus echinatus.

Habitat in Brasiliâ.

MIMOSA with sensitive leaves palmately winged, the pinnulæ
many-paired. Stem hairy, and furnished with a few prickles.
Petioles and peduncles hairy. Fruit prickly.

Native of the Brazils.

REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.

1. A flower. 2. A chive magnified. 3. Seed-bud and pointal magnified. 4. The ripe capsule, with a seed detached.

Five distinct genera were once included under the generic title of Mimosa, but separated by Willdenow into 102 Acacias, 58 Ingas, 9 Desmanthuses, 3 Shrankias, and 32 Mimosas. This susceptible species of Mimosa is an old inhabitant of the stove, and well known to cultivators by the appellation of the Sensitive Plant (but not to be confounded with the M. sensitiva, a very different species). Although this Mimosa is neither new nor rare, it is nevertheless very interesting, and has not hitherto made its appearance in any modern publication; nor is there any coloured figure of it extant. Our representation of it, therefore, is in part a novelty, however old and familiar the plant itself may be. According to the observations of Linnæus, it opens or expands its foliage at three in the morning, and closes it about six in the evening. Its singular quality of shrinking from the touch is supposed to be owing to its being strongly saturated with oxygen gas, which it disengages upon the slightest provocation, and its place for a short time is supplied by the atmospheric air; which retiring, the leaves again resume their former appearance, and so remain expanded till the evening, unless disturbed by design or accident; for the rude approach of the common air disorganises its foliage.

The leaf is mostly composed of four divisions, but sometimes five and six may be found in plants of a luxuriant growth. Each division is supplied with numerous little leaflets, in pairs of an oblong form, with a small yellow gland at their base, which when carefully touched will close up separately, and leave the surrounding leaflets undisturbed. It may be considered either as an annual or a biennial, dying after ripening its seeds. Our drawing was made from fine plants in the collection of J. Vere, esq.

PLATE DXLV.

PROTEA ABROTANIFOLIA, _odorata_.

_Sweet-scented Southernwood-leaved Protea._

CLASS IV. ORDER I.

_TETRANDRIA MONOGYNIA._ Four Chives. One Pointal.

ESSENTIAL GENERIC CHARACTER.

COROLLA 4-fida, seu 4-petala. Antheræ lineares, petalis infra
apices insertæ. Calyx proprius, nullus. Semina solitaria.

BLOSSOM four-cleft, or of four petals. Tips linear, inserted into
the petals below the points. Cup proper, none. Seeds solitary.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER.

PROTEA foliis multifidis, filiformibus, acutis, pilosis: floribus
in capitulis terminalibus, lucidis, odoratis.

Habitat in Caput Bonæ Spei.

PROTEA with many-cleft leaves, thread-shaped, pointed, and hairy:
flowers grow in terminal heads, shining, and sweet-scented.

Native of the Cape of Good Hope.

REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.

1. A flower, one tip magnified. 2. Seed-bud and pointal.

This species of Protea well deserves a place in any collection, as, in addition to its light and graceful appearance, it is possessed of a most agreeable fragrance. There is a variation of it with white flowers, but exactly the same in every other particular. It remains a considerable time in bloom, but not many umbels of flowers are expanded at the same time. We have seen it in several collections. It is a Cape species, and appears to be of easy culture.

PLATE DXLVI.

MONARDA PUNCTATA.

_Dotted-flowered Monarda._

CLASS II. ORDER I.

_DIANDRIA MONOGYNIA._ Two Chives. One Pointal.

ESSENTIAL GENERIC CHARACTER.

CALYX tubulosus, quinque-dentatus. Corolla ringens, labio superiore
lineari, filamenta involvente.

EMPALEMENT tubular, five-toothed. Blossom gaping: the upper lip
linear, and enfolding the threads.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER.

MONARDA foliis lanceolatis, dentatis, minutè punctatis: floribus
verticillatis, flavis, rubro punctatis: foliis involucri
ovato-lanceolatis, glabris, incarnatis.

Habitat in Americâ Boreali.

MONARDA with lance-shaped leaves, toothed, and minutely dotted.
Flowers grow in whorls, are of a yellow colour, and dotted with
red: the involucrate leaves are ovately lance-shaped, smooth, and
flesh-coloured.

Native of North America.

REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.

1. A flower. 2. A blossom spread open, one tip magnified. 3. Seed-bud and pointal, summit magnified. 4. Seed-bud magnified.

The only figure of the Monarda punctata we have seen is an uncoloured one in Plukenet’s Phytographia. It is a perfectly new species to the garden, and the only Monarda with yellow flowers at present known. Its specific title is particularly applicable to its bloom, as all the species yet enumerated are more or less punctured in the foliage, some so minutely as scarcely to be perceived without the aid of a magnifier. It is a native of Virginia in North America, but by whom introduced we have not been able to learn. Our drawing was made from plants in the nursery of Messrs. Whitley and Brames, who raised it from seed last year, 1807; but it did not flower till the latter part of the present summer. It is a hardy perennial, and certainly a handsome addition to the genus.

PLATE DXLVII.

PASSIFLORA PERFOLIATA.

_Perfoliate-leaved Passion-flower._

CLASS XX. ORDER V.

_GYNANDRIA PENTANDRIA._ Chives on the Pointal. Five Chives.

ESSENTIAL GENERIC CHARACTER.

TRIGYNA. Calyx 5-phyllus. Petala 5. Nectarium corona. Bacca
pedicellata.

THREE Styles. Cup 5-leaved. Petals 5. Honey-cup forming a crown.
Berry standing on a footstalk.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER.

PASSIFLORA foliis bilobis: lobis oblongis, divaricatis, subtus
punctatis, glaucis: laciniis calycinis linearibus.

Habitat in Caribbæis.

_Jacquin’s Hort. Schœn. vol. 2. tab. 182._

PASSION-FLOWER with leaves two-lobed: lobes oblong and straddling,
dotted beneath, and glaucous: segments of the cup linear.

Native of the Caribbee Islands.

REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.

1. A flower spread open.

The most graceful ornament to the hot-stove is the elegant and favourite genus Passiflora, whose branches meandering against the interior sides of the building adorn it to the greatest advantage. From a branch of the Passiflora perfoliata thus situated in the collection of the Countess de Vandes our drawing was taken. The only coloured figure of it we have seen in the Hortus Schœnbrunnensis of Jacquin. It flowers in great luxuriance during the months of July and August.

PLATE DXLVIII.

CUCUMIS DUDAIM.

_Sweet-scented Melon._

CLASS XXI. ORDER VIII.

_MONŒCIA MONADELPHIA._ Chives and Pointals separate. One Brotherhood.

ESSENTIAL GENERIC CHARACTER.

_Masculini flores._

CALYX 5-dentatus. Corolla 5-partita. Filamenta 3.

_Fœminei flores._

CALYX 5-dentatus. Corolla 5-partita. Pistillum 3-fidum.

_Male flowers._

EMPALEMENT 5-toothed. Blossom 5-parted. Filaments 3.

_Female flowers._

EMPALEMENT 5-toothed. Blossom 3-parted. Pointal 3-cleft.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER.

CUCUMIS foliorum angulis rotundatis, dentatis, bispidis: fructu
sphærico, aurantio, variegato, odoratissimo.

MELON with leaves angular, rounded, toothed, and hispid: fruit
spherical, of a gold colour, variegated, and very sweet-scented.

REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.

1. A blossom spread open. 2. A chive magnified. 3. Empalement, seed-bud, and pointal. 4. A horizontal section of the fruit. 5. A female flower spread open.

This curious little species of Melon, although no new introduction to the English gardens, is but rarely met with, yet well deserves a place in every curious collection for the beauty and fragrance of its fruit; which, when cut before quite ripe, will continue fragrant nearly a fortnight. It is however only to be valued for its odour and beauty, the flavour being insipid. It is said to have been first introduced by Lord Petre, who sent the seeds from Morocco to Peter Collinson, F.R.S. It is also cultivated in Persia, and a figure of the fruit taken there is given in Gmelin’s Travels, vol. iii. tab. 49. fig. 6. Its Hebrew appellation of Dudaim seems to have been bestowed by Linnæus, from the fantastical idea that it was the fruit mentioned in the Bible by the name of mandrake, with which Jacob’s neglected wife purchased her husband’s favours for one night of her rival. Another plant with perennial roots descending 6 or 8 feet into the earth, was taken be his pupil Hasselquist (sent to the East on purpose to illustrate the natural history of that country) for the celebrated Dudaim;--Which is the right one, let critics in Hebrew decide! The _Melo Ægypticus minor_ of Tournefort, or Ægyptian Abdelavi, which Linnæus supposed to be the same as the _Melo aurantii figura odoratissimus_ of Dillenius, and might partly have occasioned the name, is a very different species. Indeed the claim of our plant to Ægyptian origin seems doubtful, but we would reluctantly change a name that has been applied for more than half a century. Our specimens are from the collection of A. B. Lambert, esq.

PLATE DXLIX.

PASCALIA GLAUCA.

_Glaucous-leaved Pascalia._

CLASS XIX. ORDER II.

_SYNGENESIA POLYGAMIA SUPERFLUA._ Tips united. Superfluous Pointals.

ESSENTIAL GENERIC CHARACTER.

RECEPTACULUM paleaceum.

SEMINA drupacea. Pappus margine dentatus. Calyx imbricatus.

RECEPTACLE chaffy.

SEEDS a ripe berry. Down toothed at the edge. Empalement tiled.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER.

PASCALIA foliis oppositis, tri-nervibus, glaucis patentibusque;
inferiora lato-lanceolatis, denticulatis, acutis, sæpius
integerrimis: floribus terminalibus, solitariis: corolla flava.

Habitat in regno Chilensi.

_Pascalia glauca Ortegæ Nov. rar. plant, tab. 4._

PASCALIA with opposite leaves, three-nerved, glaucous and
spreading; the lower ones are broadly lance-shaped, toothed, and
pointed, but often entire: flowers terminal and solitary: blossom
yellow.

Native of the Kingdom of Chili.

REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.

1. The empalement and receptacle. 2. A floret of the ray. 3. A floret of the disk, summit magnified. 4. Seed-bud and pointal.

The only figure of this syngenesious plant is in the new and rare plants of Ortega, who named it after D. Didaco Pascal, a Spanish physician. It is the only species of the genus yet known, and a fine living specimen of it was communicated to us by Mr. Lambert, who raised it from seed sent to him from Madrid by the late Cavanilles. It is perfectly hardy, and the roots so durable and spreading that they are not easily eradicated. It does not however bloom with equal facility, but seems to want a warmer sun to aid its flowers in their expansion.

PLATE DL.

HERMANNIA FLAMMEA.

_Flame-coloured Hermannia._

CLASS XVI. ORDER V.

_MONADELPHIA PENTAGYNIA._ One Brotherhood. Five Pointals.

ESSENTIAL GENERIC CHARACTER.

CALYX simplex, 5-fidus. Petala 5, spiraliter cucullata. Filamenta
lanceolata. Styli 5. Capsula 5-locularis, polysperma.

EMPALEMENT simple, 5-cleft. Petals 5, spiral and hooded. Filaments
lance-shaped. Shafts 5. Capsule 5-celled, many-seeded.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER.

HERMANNIA foliis cuneiformibus, apice dentatis: floribus ramos
terminantibus, spicatis, laxis.

Habitat in Caput Bonæ Spei.

_Hermannia flammea, Jacq. Hort. Schœn. vol. i. tab. 129._

HERMANNIA with wedge-shaped leaves, toothed at the end. Flowers
terminate the branches in loose spikes.

Native of the Cape of Good Hope.

REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.

1. The empalement 2. A petal. 3. The chives and pointal. 4. A chive magnified. 5. Seed-bud and pointal magnified. 6. A transverse section of the seed-bud magnified.

This species of Hermannia is figured in the Hortus Schœnbrunnensis of Jacquin. We have adopted his specific title of flammea, but think the plant would have been better marked by the appellation of ignescens; particularly as we have seen it in bloom with scarcely any vestige of yellow or flame colour on the petals, but always of a fine fiery red colour. It is a very handsome hardy green-house shrub, and flowers from June till January.

Our drawing was made from a plant in the nursery of Mr. Knight, King’s Road, Chelsea.

PLATE DLI.

LOPEZIA CORONATA.

_Coronet-flowering Lopezia._

CLASS I. ORDER I.

_MONANDRIA MONOGYNIA._ One Chive. One Pointal.

ESSENTIAL GENERIC CHARACTER.

CALYX 4-phyllus. Corolla 5-petala, inæqualis. Capsula 4-locularis,
4-valvis, polysperma.

EMPALEMENT 4-leaved. Blossom 5-petaled, unequal. Capsule 4-celled,
4-valved, many seeded.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER.

LOPEZIA ramis longis, simplicibus, adscendentibus: foliis
sub-ovatis, acutis, dentatis, lucidis: petiolis decurrentibus:
floribus axillaribus, in umbellis terminalibus.

LOPEZIA with long, simple, ascending branches. Leaves nearly ovate,
pointed, toothed, and shining, with decurrent footstalks. Flowers
growing from the axillæ of the leaves, and terminate the branches
in umbels.

REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.

1. The empalement. 2. The chives and pointal, with the lower petal magnified. 3. The capsule cut transversely. 4. A seed.

The Lopezia coronata is a hardy little annual, of recent introduction, and a lively addition to this short genus, which at present contains but two species besides the one now figured. We have seen them all three in fine bloom in several collections. Our figure represents a branch from a plant in the conservatory of the Countess de Vandes, where we observed the side petals of many of the flowers of a pure white at the ends, which gave them a very singular and different appearance from plants of the same description we have seen elsewhere: and Mr. Fordyce the botanic gardener informs me it was always the character of his plant, after it had been some time in flower, for the large petals to acquire a white appearance, as if bleached, previous to their going out of bloom. We have therefore left one flower in that state in our specimen, to delineate the variation incidental to the plant from which our figure was taken.

PLATE DLII.

HYPERICUM VIRGINICUM.

_Virginia Hypericum._

CLASS XVIII. ORDER IV.

_POLYADELPHIA POLYANDRIA._ Many Brotherhoods. Many Males.

GENERIC CHARACTER.

CALYX 5-partita. Corolla 5-petala. Filamenta multa, in 5 phalanges,
basi connata. Capsula locularis.

EMPALEMENT 5-parted. Blossom 5-petalled. Threads many, conjoined at
the base, in 5 squadrons. Capsule celled.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER.

HYPERICUM floribus trigynis, enneandris, terminalibus; foliis
ellipticis, obtusis, sub-cordatis, amplexicaulibus: caule herbaceo.

HYPERICUM with flowers three-styled, nine-chived, and terminal.
Leaves elliptic, obtuse, nearly heart-shaped, and embracing the
stem. Stem herbaceous.

REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.

1. The empalement. 2. A petal. 3. The chives and pointals, one tip magnified. 4. The pointals. 5. The same cut transversely and magnified.

This hardy little herbaceous plant was introduced by Mr. Lyons from America about the year 1804. There is no figure of it extant that we know of. Willdenow in his Species Plantarum has enumerated eighty-eight species of Hypericum; but amongst that number three distinct genera are certainly included. Our drawing was made from plants in the nursery of Messrs. Whitley and Brames, who raised them from seed, and with whom they flowered the second year. Their bloom is but of short duration, but few flowers are open at one time; and we are inclined to think that they will expand with more freedom and last longer in a shady situation than when fully exposed to the solar ray.

INDEX

TO THE PLANTS CONTAINED IN VOL. VIII.

Plate 493 Bignonia grandiflora Large-flowered Bignonia G. H. Shrub. September.
494 Scutellaria serrata Sawed-leaved Scutellaria Har. Herb. May.
495 Protea corymbosa Corymbose-flowering Protea G. H. Shrub. July.
496 Jasminum multiflorum Many-flowered Jasmine H. H. Shrub. All Summer.
497 Jasminum sambac, _Var. flore pleno_ Indian Jasmine, _Full-flowered Variety_ H. H. Shrub. All Summer.
498 Hibiscus pruriens Stinging Hibiscus H. H. Shrub. July.
499 Ipomæa coccinea Scarlet Ipomæa H. H. Shrub. July.
500 Protea mucronifolia Mucronate-leaved Protea G. H. Shrub. August.
501 Hellenia Allugas Ceylon Hellenia H. H. Shrub. July.
502 Lobelia surinamensis,
_Var. flore rubro_ Surinam Lobelia, _Red-flowered Variety_ H. H. Shrub. September.
503 Nymphæa rubra Red-flowered Nymphæa H. H. Aquatic. August.
504 Solanum Seaforthianum Seaforth’s Solanum G. H. Shrub. August.
505 Ornithogalum flavissimum Yellow-flowered Star of Bethlehem G. H. Bulb. July.
506 Ruellia cristata Crested Ruellia H. H. Shrub. August.
507 Protea abrotanifolia Southernwood-leaved Protea G. H. Shrub. August.
508 Cactus grandiflorus Large-flowered Cereus H. H. Shrub. August.
509 Gentiana fimbriata Fringed-flowered Gentian G. H. Shrub. July.
510 Aspalathus globosus Round-flowering Aspalathus G. H. Shrub. July.
511 Solanum betaceum Beet-like Solanum G. H. Shrub. August.
512 Protea pinnata Winged-leaved Protea G. H. Shrub. July.
513 Cactus hexagonus Great Torch Thistle H. H. Shrub. August.
514 Pæonia anomala Anomalous-leaved Pæony Har. Shrub. July.
515 Cynanchum mucronatum Mucronate-leaved Cynanchum H. H. Shrub. August.
516 Astragalus villosus Hairy Astragalus Har. Herb. July.
517 Protea imbricata Imbricated-leaved Protea G. H. Shrub. September.
518 Magnolia grandiflora Large-flowered Magnolia Har. Tree. All Summer.
519 Commersonia echinata Bristly-fruited Commersonia H. H. Tree. All Summer.
520 Euosma albiflora White-flowered Euosma Har. Shrub. June.
521 Eriospermum folioliferum Leaflet-bearing Eriospermum G. H. Shrub. August.
522 Protea abrotanifolia hirta Hairy Southernwood Protea G. H. Shrub. August.
523 Gorteria pavonia Peacock Gorteria G. H. Herb. July.
524 Lachnæa Buxifolia Box-leaved Lachnæa G. H. Shrub. August.
525 Podalyria hirsuta Hairy Podalyria G. H. Shrub. August.
526 Protea cespitosa Turfy Protea G. H. Shrub. September.
527 Ruellia fulgida Bright-flowered Ruellia H. H. Shrub. All Summer.
528 Ornithogalum elatum Lofty Ornithogalum H. H. Bulb. August.
529 Nitraria Schoberi Schober’s Nitraria Har. Shrub. August.
530 Bignonia uncata Hooked Bignonia H. H. Shrub. August.
531 Veronica Derwentia New Holland Veronica G. H. Shrub. September.
532 Protea humiflora Low-flowering Protea G. H. Shrub. August.
533 Cactus coccinellifer Cochineal Torch Thistle H. H. Shrub. September.
534 Juniperus Daurica Daurian Juniper Har. Shrub. August.
535 Tropæolum pinnatum Winged Nasturtium G. H. Shrub. September.
536 Protea abrotanifolia, minor Small Southernwood-leaved Protea G. H. Shrub. August.
537 Origanum Tournefortii Tournefort’s Origanum G. H. Shrub. September.
538 Vanilla planifolia Flat-leaved Vanilla H. H. Shrub. September.
539 Calycanthus fertilis Fruitful Allspice G. H. Shrub. September.
540 Mesembryanthemum heterophyllum Various-leaved Mesembryanthemum G. H. Shrub. September.
541 Protea conifera Cone-bearing Protea G. H. Shrub. August.
542 Ruellia infundibuliformis Funnel-flowered Ruellia H. H. Shrub. Sum. & autumn
543 Protea speciosa patens Spreading Showy Protea G. H. Shrub. August.
544 Mimosa pudica Bashful Mimosa H. H. Shrub. All Summer.
545 Protea abrotanifolia odorata Sweet-scented Southernwood-leaved P. G. H. Shrub. August.
546 Monarda punctata Dotted-flowered Monarda Har. Herb. Autumn.
547 Passiflora perfoliata Perfoliate-leaved Passion-flower H. H. Shrub. September.
548 Cucumis Dudaim Sweet-scented Melon H. H. Shrub. September.
549 Pascalia glauca Glaucous-leaved Pascalia Har. Shrub. August.
550 Hermannia flammea Flame-coloured Hermannia G. H. Shrub. Sum. & autumn.
551 Lopezia coronata Coronet-flowered Lopezia G. H. Shrub. All Summer.
552 Hypericum Virginicum Virginia Hypericum Har. Herb. August.

ERRATA.

Plate 494 in generic character, for _os_ the mouth, read _oris_ the border.
Nitraria Schoberi for 530, read 529.
531 for Veronica Derwentia, read Veronica Derwentiana.