Chapter I: Part 1

_Vol. IX.
of the_

Botanists Repository

_Comprising
Colour’d Engravings_

of

_New and Rare Plants_

ONLY

With Botanical Descriptions _&c.
in
Latin and English
after the_

Linnæan System.

_by
H. Andrews_

_Botanical Painter Engraver &c._

Mo. Bot. Garden
1904.
]

PLATE DLIII.

LOBELIA ASSURGENS.

_Assurgent Lobelia._

CLASS V. ORDER I.

_PENTANDRIA MONOGYNIA._ Five Chives. One Pointal.

GENERIC CHARACTER.

CALYX quinquefidus, Corolla monopetala, irregularis. Antheræ
cohærentes. Capsula infera, 2-seu 3-locularis.

EMPALEMENT five-cleft. Blossom of one petal, irregular. Anthers
cohering. Seed-vessel below, with 2 or 3 partitions.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER.

LOBELIA foliis lanceolatis serratis, infernè denticulatis
decurrentibus, racemis compositis terminalibus.

LOBELIA with leaves lance-shaped, serrate, toothed towards the
base, and running down the stem; the racemes compound and terminal.

REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.

1. A blossom spread open.
2. The chives spread open.
3. The seed-bud and pointal.

* * * * *

This curious species of Lobelia is a native of high mountains in Jamaica, where Brown informs us it grows to the height of 5 or 6 feet. The plant is at present so scarce as not to be enumerated in the Catalogue of the Cambridge Garden; nor has any figure of it, to our knowledge, been before published. Specimens were communicated by A. B. Lambert, esq. from his stove at Boyton, where he informs us that the plant is now about five feet high, with some of the lower leaves a foot and a half long; that it began to blossom in the middle of July, and continued to the end of November; four or five racemes flowering at the same time, and nodding in the manner of ostrich plumes; the blossoms gradually opening in succession towards the top, and the racemes continuing to lengthen until more than a foot long. The flowers have withered without producing any seed. The plant appears to be perennial.

]

PLATE DLIV.

VOLKAMERIA ANGUSTIFOLIA.

_Narrow-leaved Volkameria._

CLASS XIV. ORDER II.

_DIDYNAMIA ANGIOSPERMIA._ Two Chives longer. Seeds covered.

GENERIC CHARACTER.

CALYX quinquefidus: Corollæ laciniis secundis. Drupa 2-locularis.
Semina 4, seu abortu tantum 2.

EMPALEMENT five-cleft. Blossom with the divisions pointing one way.
Berry 2-celled. Seeds 4, or from abortion only 2.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER.

VOLKAMERIA fruticosa glaberrima, foliis oblongo-lanceolatis
integerrimis, pedunculis trichotomis axillaribus et terminalibus.

VOLKAMERIA shrubby and very smooth, with oblong-lanced very entire
leaves, and peduncles divided by threes, both axillary and
terminal.

REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.

1. The empalement.
2. A blossom spread open, one tip detached and magnified.
3. Seed-bud and pointal, summit magnified.
4. The seed-bud magnified.

* * * * *

Volkameria angustifolia is a dwarf branchy shrub flowering in great profusion about the middle of August. The blossoms are white and remarkably sweet-scented. It was communicated by Mr. Donn, Curator of the Cambridge Botanic garden, and is to be enumerated in the new edition of his Catalogue now in the press. It requires to be kept in the bark-bed in the hot-house, and is supposed to be a native of the Isle of France. We believe no other figure of it has been given.

]

PLATE DLV.

ZINGIBER CLIFFORDIÆ.

_Cliffordian Zingiber._

CLASS I. ORDER I.

_MONANDRIA MONOGYNIA._ One Chive. One Pointal.

GENERIC CHARACTER.

CALYX monophyllus. Corolla 4-5-fida. Antheræ 2. Filamentum simplex
ultra antheras productum.

EMPALEMENT of one leaf. Blossom either 4-or 5-cleft. Anthers two.
Filament simple, extended beyond the anthers.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER.

ZINGIBER scapo simplicissimo, crasso, brevi, capitulo subovato,
bracteis inferioribus lato-ovatis obtusis; corollâ 4-fidâ, laciniis
tribus exterioribus oblongis marginibus involutis; alteris
sub-cordatis duplo majoribus, mox convolutis.

GINGER with an unbranched, thick, short flower-stalk, the lower
flower-scales broadly-oval and blunt: the blossom 4-cleft, the
three outer divisions oblong with their margins turned inwards, the
inner inversely nearly heart-shaped and doubly larger, soon folding
together.

REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.

1. Sheath at the base of the calyx.
2. A detached flower.
3. Seed-bud, anthers, and pointal, summit magnified.
4. The plant in miniature.

* * * * *

This fine species of Ginger, we are informed, is a native of Guinea, and in the gardens has long been supposed to be the plant which produced the Grains of Paradise, Amomum Granum Paradisi of Linnæus; but it certainly by no means accords with the character of that plant, either as given in the Hortus Kewensis or by Linnæus himself. From the other species of Zingiber enumerated in the eighth volume of the Linnæan Society’s Transactions it is easily distinguished. Having as yet only blossomed in England in the collection of Lady de Clifford at Paddington, in honour of that patroness and lover of botany we have given its specific designation. The culture is the same as for other plants of the family. Our drawing was taken in 1804.

]

PLATE DLVI.

PANCRATIUM AMŒNUM.

_Broad-leaved Pancratium._

CLASS VI. ORDER I.

_HEXANDRIA MONOGYNIA._ Six Chives. One Pointal.

ESSENTIAL GENERIC CHARACTER.

PETALA 6. Nectarium 12-fidum. Stamina nectario imposita.

PETALS 6. Honey-cup 12-cleft. Stamens seated on the nectary.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER.

PANCRATIUM spathâ multiflorâ, fragrantissimâ: foliis longo-lanceolatis, corollæ laciniis tubum excedentibus: nectario 6-lobato, sinubus sub-denticulatis. _Willd. Sp._

PANCRATIUM with the sheath many-flowered, and very sweet-scented: the leaves long-lanced, the divisions of the blossom longer than its tube: and the nectary 6-lobed, mostly with little teeth between.

REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.

1. A flower spread open.

* * * * *

Several species of the genus Pancratium approach so very near to each other, that it is a difficult task to discriminate them with accuracy. We have little doubt that the _Pancratium foliis amplis ovatis_ of Ehret (Trew’s Plantæ Selectæ, tab. 28.) belongs to our plant, notwithstanding the absence of the little teeth between the lobes of the nectary. Indeed, that character appears so variable in the synonyms commonly given to this species, that we are rather inclined to doubt of its constancy. Neither are the painters of those days always safely to be trusted in such minutiæ. Mr. Lambert, who favoured us with the specimen in March 1808, informs us that he received the bulbs from Lord Seaforth, on his return to England from the West Indies, from the _Pancratium caribæum_, cultivated in the same collection. It is certainly distinct; the blossoms are extremely fragrant, and we are not yet certain whether the amœnum and fragrans of botanists may not be the same species.

PLATE DLVII.

PERIPLOCA AFRICANA.

_African Periploca._

CLASS V. ORDER II.

_PENTANDRIA DIGYNIA._ Five Chives. Two Pointals.

ESSENTIAL GENERIC CHARACTER.

CONTORTA. Nectarium ambiens genitalia, filamenta 5, exserentia.

CONTORTED. Honey-cup surrounding the stamens. Threads 5, standing
out.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER.

PERIPLOCA foliis ovato-acutis, pilosis: floribus corymbosis: caule
volubili, hirsuto. _Willd. Sp. Pl._

PERIPLOCA with ovate-pointed hairy leaves: flowers corymbose: stem
twining and hairy.

REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.

1. The empalement.
2. The outer part of the blossom.
3. The tubular part of the same detached.
4. The same spread open.
5. One of the lobes of the nectary surrounding
the parts of fructification.
6. Seed-buds, chives, and pointals, magnified.

* * * * *

The Periploca Africana is at present a rare plant to the gardens, although, according to Donn’s Catalogue, it has been introduced to this country as long ago as the year 1726. There are several figures of it among the older botanists, but not one that does it any justice, as an ornamental green-house plant, which it undoubtedly is, and continues in bloom almost from June till January.

Our figure represents the entire plant, just as we received it from Messrs. Whitley and Brames.

PLATE DLVIII.

FERULA PERSICA.

_Persian Ferula._

CLASS V. ORDER II.

_PENTANDRIA DIGYNIA._ Five Chives. Two Pointals.

ESSENTIAL GENERIC CHARACTER.

FRUCTUS ovalis, compresso-planus, striis utrinque 3.

FRUIT oval, flatly compressed, with three stripes on both sides.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER.

FERULA foliis supra-decompositis: foliolis multifidis,
decurrentibus: umbellâ primordiali sessili.

FERULA with leaves more than doubly compound: leaflets many-cleft
and decurrent: the first umbel of flowers sessile.

REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.

1. A perfect flower.
2. A male or abortive flower.
3. The pointals.

* * * * *

Assa fœtida grows naturally near Gilan in Persia; and from seeds sent from thence to the Academy at St. Petersburgh plants were obtained, two of which were sent to Dr. Hope at Edinburgh, by Dr. Guthrie, to whom they had been presented by Professor Pallas, in whose herbarium we have seen specimens of it, but without fructification. One of these plants flowered and ripened seeds in the Botanic Garden at Edinburgh, and is described by Dr. Hope in the lxxvth vol. of the Philosophical Transactions, and a figure annexed, the only one hitherto published of the species; the Assa fœtida of Kæmpfer being undoubtedly a different plant. Our specimens were obligingly communicated by Dr. Williams from the Botanic Garden at Oxford; which, with that of Edinburgh above mentioned, the Cambridge Garden, the Physic Gardens at Chelsea, and Mr. Dickson’s private collection at Croydon, are the only gardens in Britain, as we are informed, that yet possess the plant. The gum exudes from the roots, which are tuberous and perennial, on the slightest incision being made; and every part of the plant, even to the extremities of the leaves, smells strongly of it. It is hardy enough to bear our climate, and even ripen its seeds in mild seasons. It is not improbable that at a future time we may be furnished with this valuable article of the Materia Medica, of English growth. The long list of its virtues mentioned by Dr. Woodville we need not here enumerate; its reputation as a cordial for low spirits alone, in these days, entitles it to notice.

PLATE DLIX.

CAMELLIA JAPONICA, _semi-duplex_.

_Semidouble-flowered Camellia._

CLASS XVI. ORDER VI.

_MONADELPHIA POLYANDRIA._ Threads united. Many Chives.

ESSENTIAL GENERIC CHARACTER.

CALYX imbricatus, polyphyllus: interioribus majoribus.

EMPALEMENT tiled, many-leaved: the inner ones the largest.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER.

CAMELLIA floribus semi-duplicibus, staminibus divergentibus in
petalos.

CAMELLIA with semi-double flowers, the stamens growing into petals.

REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.

1. The empalement.
2. The stamens growing into petals.
3. Seed-bud and pointals.
4. A transverse section of the seed-bud.

* * * * *

This Camellia with semi-double flowers was communicated to us by Mr. Davey, nurseryman and florist in the King’s Road, Chelsea; who informs us it was a cutting from a plant brought by a gentleman from the coast of China, and regarded as distinct in its flowers from all those in cultivation with us. It certainly has a very different appearance; and as every variety in this short but splendid genus is particularly admired and sought after, this one, which possesses parts of its botanic character entire, will doubtless be considered by the amateurs of plants in general as a variety equally interesting.

PLATE DLX.

VEREA ACUTIFLORA.

_Pointed-flowered Verea._

CLASS VIII. ORDER IV.

_OCTANDRIA TETRAGYNIA._ Eight Chives. Four Pointals.

ESSENTIAL GENERIC CHARACTER.

CALYX 4-phyllus. Corolla hypocrateriformis, 4-fida: tubo
ventricoso, Nectaria 4, ad basin germinum. Capsulæ 4, superæ,
1-loculares, polyspermæ.

EMPALEMENT 4-leaved. Blossom funnel-shaped, 4-sided: tube bellied.
Nectaries 4, at the base of the seed-buds. Capsules 4, above,
one-celled, many-seeded.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER.

VEREA foliis lato-lanceolatis, oppositis, crenatis, crassis:
floribus paniculatis, terminalibus: corollis albentibus: laciniis
oris acutissimis.

VEREA with leaves broadly lance-shaped, opposite, scolloped, and
thick. Flowers paniculated and terminal. Blossom whitish: segments
of the border very pointed.

REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.

1. The empalement.
2. A blossom spread open.
3. Seed-buds and pointals.
4. The same magnified.

* * * * *

This new species of Verea flowered (we believe, for the first time in this country) in the collection of the Hon. C. Greville at Paddington, whence our drawing was taken. The foliage is compact, and rather handsome. The flowers are by no means specious; but, as it blossoms in the depth of winter, its rivals are but few. This considered, with the addition of its novelty, renders it a valuable acquisition to the hot-stove.

PLATE DLXI.

XERANTHEMUM FRAGRANS.

_Fragrant Xeranthemum._

CLASS XIX. ORDER II.

_SYNGENESIA POLYGAMIA SUPERFLUA._ Tips united Superfluous.

ESSENTIAL GENERIC CHARACTER.

RECEPTACULUM paleaceum aut nudum. Pappus setaceus. Calyx
imbricatus, radiatus: radio colorato.

RECEPTACLE chaffy, or naked. Feather bristly, Empalement tiled,
rayed: the ray coloured.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER.

XERANTHEMUM foliis undulatis, lanatis, apice reflexis: floribus
parvis, odoratis, terminalibus: radiis calycis exterioribus rubris:
radio interiore albo.

Habitat ad Caput Bonæ Spei.

XERANTHEMUM with waved woolly leaves reflexed at the point: flowers
small, sweet-scented and terminal: the outer rays of the empalement
red, the inner one white.

Native of the Cape of Good Hope.

REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.

1. A scale from the outer ray of the empalement.
2. A scale from the inner ray.
3. A flower of the disk.

* * * * *

This little Xeranthemum is a native of the Cape, perfectly new, and very sweet-scented. As fragrance is very unusual in this fine tribe of plants, we have on that account considered it as a good specific title. It was introduced to the Clapham gardens about the year 1803; and as we have not seen it since that period, we are inclined to think it is not at present in this country. In the herbarium of A. B. Lambert, esq. we found a fine native specimen of an unnamed species very much resembling our plant, but with a profusion of flowers--a habit which ours would in all probability have assumed as soon as it had been familiarized to the change of climate.

PLATE DLXII.

CYNANCHUM BICOLOR.

_Two-coloured Cynanchum._

CLASS V. ORDER II.

_PENTANDRIA DIGYNIA._ Five Chives. Two Pointals.

ESSENTIAL GENERIC CHARACTER.

CONTORTA. Nectarium cylindricum, quinque-dentatum.

CONTORTED. Honey-cup cylindrical, five-toothed.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER.

CYNANCHUM foliis cordatis, acutis, pilosis: floribus in umbellis
proliferis: corollis bicoloribus: petalis ad basin hirsutis: caule
volubili.

CYNANCHUM with heart-shaped, pointed, hairy leaves: flowers grow in
proliferous umbels: blossoms two-coloured: petals hirsute at the
base: stem twining.

REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.

1. The empalement.
2. A blossom spread open.
3. The parts of fructification magnified.
4. The seed-bud, shaft, summit, and chives.
5. The same magnified.

* * * * *

This Cynanchum is, we believe, a perfectly new species, and continues to flower during the summer and autumnal months, running to a great length. In that, as well as in other particulars, it bears a considerable resemblance to the Cynanchum extensum of Jacquin’s Icones, but is far superior to that species from its petals being enlivened with a rich purple spot, a slight tinge of which is even visible on the smallest buds. There is an abundant succession of bloom, and the flowers appear to expand with freedom. Our drawing was made last August from a fine plant in the hot-stove of the Countess de Vandes.

PLATE DLXIII.

MIMOSA ELEGANS.

_Elegant Mimosa._

CLASS XXIII. ORDER I.

_POLYGAMIA MONŒCIA._ Various Dispositions upon one Plant.

ESSENTIAL GENERIC CHARACTER.

HERMAPH. Calyx 5-dentatus. Corolla 5-fida. Stamina 5, sive plura.
Pistillum 1, legumen.

MASCUL. Calyx 5-dentatus. Corolla 5-fida. Stamina 5-10, sive plura.

HERMAPH. Empalement 5-toothed. Blossom 5-cleft. Chives 5 or more.
Pointal 1, a pod.

MALE. Empalement 5-toothed. Blossom 5-cleft. Chives 5-10, or more.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER.

MIMOSA frutescens, inermis: ramis verrucosis foliis bipinnatis,
pennis propriis 8-ad 9-jugis, partialibus 20-ad 24-jugis, cum
impari ad imum minore; spicis axillaribus oblongis divaricatis.

MIMOSA shrubby, unarmed: with warty branches: leaves doubly winged,
the first of 8 or 9 pairs, the second of 20 to 24 with a small odd
leaflet at the bottom: spikes of flowers axillary, oblong, and
divaricate.

REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.

1. A flower.
2. The same spread open.
3. The same shown from the inner side, one tip magnified.
4. The seed-bud and pointal, summit magnified.

* * * * *

Mimosa elegans is one of the handsomest of the family that yet been introduced from New Holland, and very rare, being at this time in no other private collection in this country, but that of A. B. Lambert, esq. from whom we received our specimens; and in whose conservatory it is now in full flower, his plant being about ten feet high and very much branched, with profusion of flowers. It is hardly possible to express the extreme delicacy of the blossoms. The stamens are united (monadelphous) towards the base, and are above two hundred in a single flower. What an apparatus for the impregnation of a single stigma!

From what we have already seen of the beautiful and interesting plants of this country, cultivators will do well to give them as much both of pot and branch room as their houses will afford; as well for the health of the plant as to advantage the size of its fine foliage, of which the circumscribed scale of our work would only allow us to represent one half.

PLATE DLXIV.

IXIA CURTA.

_Short Ixia._

CLASS III. ORDER I.

_TRIANDRIA MONOGYNIA._ Three Chives. One Pointal.

ESSENTIAL GENERIC CHARACTER.

COROLLA 6-petala, patens, æqualis. Stigmata tria erectiuscula,
patula.

BLOSSOM six petals, spreading and equal. Summits three, nearly
upright, and spreading.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER.

IXIA foliis falcatis: floribus alternis, tri-coloribus: caule
humili.

Habitat ad Caput Bonæ Spei.

IXIA with scimitar-shaped leaves: flowers alternate, and
three-coloured. Stem low.

Native of the Cape of Good Hope.

REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.

1. The two sheaths of the empalement.
2. A blossom spread open.
3. Seed-bud and pointal, summit magnified.

* * * * *

This new species of Ixia was delineated from a plant in the collection of J. Vere, esq. the summer before last, and although low in stature is certainly high in beauty, and surpassed by very few of loftier growth. It flowers about the middle of April, and requires the same treatment as most other Cape species.

PLATE DLXV.

RUTA LINIFOLIA.

_Flax-leaved Ruta._

CLASS X. ORDER I.

_DECANDRIA MONOGYNIA._ Ten Chives. One Pointal.

ESSENTIAL GENERIC CHARACTER.

CALYX 5-partitus. Petala concava. Receptaculum punctis melliferis
decem cinctum. Capsula lobata.

EMPALEMENT 5-parted. Petals concave. Receptacle beset with ten
honey-bearing points. Capsule lobed.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER.

RUTA foliis simplicibus, lanceolatis, glabris: filamentis ciliatis:
caule simplici, herbaceo.

Habitat in Hispania.

Ruta linifolia. _Willd. Sp. Pl._

RUE with simple leaves, lance-shaped and smooth: threads ciliated.
Stem simple and herbaceous.

Native of Spain.

REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.

1. A petal.
2. Empalement, chives, and pointal.
3. A chive.
4. The empalement, seed-bud, and pointal.

* * * * *

The Ruta linifolia is a new plant to the gardens, and we believe is not at present in any other collection but that of Cambridge, where it was raised from seed by Mr. Donn. It is a handsome little herbaceous shrub, and requires the protection of the green-house to preserve it in this climate. Flowers in September and October.

PLATE DLXVI.

CALLICOMA SERRATIFOLIA.

_Sawed-leaved Callicoma._

CLASS XI. ORDER II.

_DODECANDRIA DIGYNIA._ Stamens 11 to 19. Styles 2.

GENERIC CHARACTER.

FLORES in capitulis subrotundis, pedunculatis; involucro sub
4-phyllo. Calyx 4-5-phyllus, foliolis lanceolatis. Corolla O.
Stamina 11-19, calyce triplo longiora, e receptaculo. Styli 2,
filiformes: stigmate simplici: germen superum, monoloculare,
polyspermum.

FLOWERS in little round heads, upon footstalks; with an involucre
of about 4 leaves. Calyx of 4 or 5 leaves, the leaflets lanced.
Blossom none. Stamens from 11 to 19, thrice as long as the calyx,
growing from the receptacle. Styles 2, thread-shaped. Stigma
simple. Germen above, 1-celled, and many-seeded.

REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.

1. A flower.
2. The same spread open, one tip magnified.
3. The seed-bud and pointals.
4. The same magnified.

* * * * *

Callicoma serratifolia is a native of New South Wales, and has now for several years in some choice collections adorned the green-house and conservatory in early spring with its fine heads of flowers; but to whom we are indebted for its first introduction we are uncertain. Some botanists have considered it as a congener of Forster’s _Codia_, to which it has certainly a considerable affinity; but as we cannot exactly see the propriety of coupling an apetalous flower having so many stamens with one that is penta-petalous and octandrous, and of which we have no description of the germen or fruit; and there being great probability that more plants of this family may be discovered in the vast tracts of New Holland yet unexplored, we have rather chose to describe it as distinct, than to excuse ourselves by leaving it to be separated at some future period and create more changes of names, a circumstance always to be deprecated and avoided as much as possible by Naturalists. Callicoma is a middle-sized shrub with the leaves finely cottony and whitish on the under side, and has considerable beauty even when out of blossom. It is propagated by layers.

PLATE DLXVII.

CERATONIA SILIQUA.

_Pod-bearing Ceratonia._

CLASS XXIII. ORDER II.

_POLYGAMIA DIŒCIA._ Many Nuptials on separate Plants.

GENERIC CHARACTER.

HERMAPH. Calyx 5-partitus. Corolla 0. Stamina 5-8. Stylus
filiformis. Stigma capitatum. Legumen coriaceum, pulpâ plenum,
polyspermum.

HERMAPH. Empalement 5-parted. Blossom none. Chives 5 to 8. Shaft
thread-shaped. Summit headed. Pod leathery, full of pulp, and
many-seeded.

REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.

1. A flower shown from the outside.
2. A dry pod a little opened, one seed detached.

* * * * *

Instead of a new plant, we here submit to our readers one that according to the Kew Catalogue has been an inhabitant of our gardens 239 years: but neither Mr. Alton nor Mr. Miller had ever seen it blossom, nor during all this long period have we any account of its flowering in this country. Its male flowers however appeared in the Cambridge Botanic Garden the beginning of last February, and from a specimen communicated by Mr. Donn to A. B. Lambert, esq. the present drawing was taken. Mr. Donn’s plant was between 4 and 5 feet high, moderately branched, and had the same treatment as his other green-house shrubs. We are uncertain whether the hermaphrodite or female plant be yet in this country; but as the propagation is principally from seed, we think it is very probable. The stamens in our specimen vary in number, being commonly 5, sometimes 6, and more rarely 8. The fruit is added from a dried legume in the Lambertian collection, which was sent from Spain by the late Abbé Cavanilles, who in his _Icones Plantarum_, _vol._ 2. _p._ 8. and _tab._ 113. (in addition to what was formerly known of the Ceratonia) informs us, that it grows spontaneously on little hills and dry fields in Valencia, and is yet more impatient of cold and moisture than the olive, vast numbers being sometimes killed there by the frost in severe winters. It is in this province also, that the principal cultivation of this useful plant in Spain is situated. The propagation is from seeds, and the diœcious plants are always selected in preference to the hermaphrodites, being better bearers. Some of the more skilful cultivators engraft a male bough upon their female plants for their impregnation, and by this means have no sterile plants in their collections. They flower twice a year, first in February, and again more plentifully in August and September; which is also the time of the fruit’s ripening, and the trees are seen at the same time adorned with blossoms, and laden with ripe fruit. Eighty pounds of legumes are sometimes collected from a single tree. They are known to be mature by their putting on a chesnut colour, and are then beaten from the trees by canes of the _Arundo Donax_ from 16 to 20 feet long, with part of their crooked roots left, which serve as hooks. Rain is said to be beneficial to the ripe fruits, and even to improve them after they are laid in heaps on the ground. They are finally dried and stored up in barns for use. The cultivators enumerate three varieties, which they call _Melars_, _Llandars_, and _Costelluts_. The last they distinguish by having larger leaves and of a deeper green, with legumes often a foot long, but with little solidity or sweetness; the second has shorter legumes, but more solid and very sweet; the leaves also are shorter. The first are called Melars (_quasi Melleas_) from _Mel_ honey, of which the fruit contains small drops, and sometimes in such abundance that it distils upon the ground, and is fed upon by the bees. The fruits are the principal food of the cattle in the province of Valencia, and also form part of the sustenance of the poor people. The leaves are used in the preparation of leather. Monsieur Olivier also informs us in his _Travels in the Ottoman Empire_, that the Carob-tree grows all over the Island of Crete, and delights most in stony grounds and the clefts of rocks; that the fruits are conveyed thence to Constantinople, to Syria and Egypt, and serve for food to the poor and to children. They are also an ingredient in the sherbets of which the Mussulmans make daily use.

PLATE DLXVIII.

LIPARIA SPHÆRICA.

_Round-headed Liparia._

CLASS XVII. ORDER IV.

_DIADELPHIA DECANDRIA._ Two Brotherhoods. Ten Chives.

ESSENTIAL GENERIC CHARACTER.

CALYX quinquefidus, lacinia infima elongata. Corollæ alæ inferius
bilobæ. Filamenta alternatim breviora. Legumen polyspermum.

CALYX 5-cleft, the lower segment very long. Wings of the blossom
two-lobed on the lower side. Chives alternately shorter. Pod
many-seeded.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER.

LIPARIA floribus capitatis; foliis lanceolatis, nervosis, glabris.
_Willd. Sp. Pl. vol._ iii.

LIPARIA with flowers in heads; the leaves lance-shaped, nerved, and
smooth.

REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.

1. A bract.
2. The empalement.
3. A flower spread open.
4. The chives.
5. The same spread open.
6. Seed-bud and pointal.
7. A back view of the head of flowers.

* * * * *

Africa has long been celebrated as the land of wonders and novelties, and its vegetable as well as animal productions well entitle it to that character. The beauty and astonishing variety of ever-varying Geraniums, delicate Ixias, elegant Ericas, superb Amaryllises, and magnificent Proteas, received from the Cape of Good Hope alone within these few years, and many of them totally unknown before, have given to our gardens that splendour and perpetual novelty which justly make them the admiration of the world. What still more enhances the pleasure is, that the mine is yet unexhausted, as our present charming subject, not before enumerated in any of our catalogues of cultivated plants will testify. Mr. Milne, gardener at Fonthill, well known for his zeal and skill in the cultivation of rare plants, obligingly communicated the specimens. Having forwarded the first a little too early, being struck with the singular beauty, and not knowing the habits of the plant, a fortnight after he forwarded a third specimen fully expanded, from which the figure is taken. Mr. Milne informs us, that he raised the Liparia from Cape seeds some years ago, and has kept it in the conservatory, where it is now in blossom. The plant is branchy, and between four and five feet in height. He thinks he possesses two more new species of the genus raised at the same time, which have not yet blossomed with him.

PLATE DLXIX.

CEANOTHUS LANIGER.

_Woolly Ceanothus._

CLASS V. ORDER I.

_PENTANDRIA MONOGYNIA._ Five Chives. One Pointal.

ESSENTIAL GENERIC CHARACTER.

PETALA 5, saccata. Bacca sicca, 3-locularis, 3-sperma.

PETALS 5, bagged. Berry dry, three-celled, three-seeded.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER.

CEANOTHUS foliis oblongo-lanceolatis, integerrimis, subtus
lanuginosis; ramulis, pedunculis, petiolis, calycibusque hirsutis.

CEANOTHUS with the leaves oblong-lanced, entire, and woolly
beneath; the branches, footstalks, flowerstalks, and calyxes hairy.

REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.

1. A flower.
2. A segment of the calyx, with a petal and stamen attached.
3. Seed-bud and pointal.

* * * * *

To New Holland we export criminals for our convenience and safety, and from thence import furs for our covering and flowers for our amusement. So far the balance of trade is in our favour. But by whose hands, or at what time, our present subject was first brought over, we have not been able to learn. The specimen was communicated by A. B. Lambert, esq. in the beginning of April from his collection at Boyton, and we have also seen the plant very finely in flower at Mr. Whitley’s nursery, Brompton. Its woolly leaves and branches, contrasted with the Mimosas and other hard-leaved plants from the same country, make an agreeable variety, and the early blossoms are very ornamental. The plants we have seen are moderate-sized branchy shrubs, are kept in the green-house like other New Holland plants, and require no particular treatment. We have seen more species from the same country in herbariums, and some are now alive in this country, although they have not yet blossomed.

PLATE DLXX.

JUSTICIA NITIDA.

_Shining-leaved Justicia._

CLASS II. ORDER I.

_DIANDRIA MONOGYNIA._ Two Chives. One Pointal.

ESSENTIAL GENERIC CHARACTER.

CALYX simplex seu duplex. Corolla 1-petala, irregularis. Capsula
ungue elastico dissiliens: dissepimentum contrarium; adnatum.

EMPALEMENT simple or double. Blossom one-petalled, irregular.
Capsule splitting with an elastic claw: partition contrary to the
valve; affixed.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER

JUSTICIA fruticosa: foliis ellipticis, acuminatis: racemis
spicæformibus, verticillatis: bracteis minutis: pedicellis
calycibusque glabris.

_Swartz._ _Flora Indiæ occidentalis._

Habitat in insulis Jamaicæ, S. Christophori, Martiniquæ, S. Crucis,
et Guadalupæ.

JUSTICIA with a shrubby stem: leaves elliptic and pointed: raceme
in the form of a spike, whorled: floral leaves small: footstalks
and calyx smooth.

Native of Jamaica, St. Christopher, Martinique, St. Croix, and
Guadaloupe.

REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.

1. A flower spread open.
2. Seed-bud and pointal,
3. The capsule.
4. The same split open.

* * * * *

Of this species of Justicia the only figure extant that we know of is a very indifferent representation of it in Sloane’s Jamaica, evidently from a dried specimen. The fine glossy character of the foliage has furnished it with a specific title. The flowers are abundant in succession, but, like most of this genus, of a deciduous or short-lived character. It was introduced to the British gardens, according to Donn’s Catalogue, in 1793, Our drawing was made from a plant brought from the West Indies by Lord Seaforth, which flowered in August 1808 in the hot-stove of A. B. Lambert, esq.

PLATE DLXXI.

SIDA PATENS.

_Spreading Sida._

CLASS XVI. ORDER VIII.

_MONADELPHIA POLYANDRIA._ Threads united. Many Chives.

ESSENTIAL GENERIC CHARACTER.

CALYX simplex. Stylus multipartitus. Capsulæ plures, mono-seu
tri-spermæ.

CALYX simple. Pointal many-parted. Seed-vessels many, one-or
three-seeded.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER.

SIDA foliis cordatis, dentatis, longè acuminatis, leviter
pubescentibus; pedunculis solitariis petiolis longioribus; corollis
patentibus; stylis quinquepartitis; capsulis quinque, birostratis.

SIDA with heart-shaped, toothed, long-pointed, and slightly woolly
leaves; solitary flower-stalks longer than the footstalks;
spreading corollas, five-parted styles, and five two-beaked
capsules.

REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.

1. The empalement.
2. The chives spread open, one tip magnified.
3. Seed-bud and pointal.

* * * * *

Another African novelty introduced by Viscount Valentia in 1806 from Abyssinia; and from specimens obligingly communicated by him from his gardens at Arly the drawing is taken. From the seeds already introduced by his Lordship from that yet unexplored, and hitherto almost inaccessible country, and from the connexions he is now endeavouring to establish there, Mr. Salt, who travelled in his Lordship’s suite, being now dispatched on an embassy to the King of that country at Gondar, we may soon hope to have a few more specimens of its vegetable productions; at present as imperfectly known as the sources of the Nile, which have eluded the researches of philosophers above two thousand years.

Sida patens, in the natural arrangement of the genus, should be placed next to _Sida reflexa_ of Cavanilles and Willdenow.

PLATE DLXXII.

PROTEA SALIGNA.

_Willow-leaved Protea._

CLASS IV. ORDER I.

_TETRANDRIA MONOGYNIA._ Four Chives. One Pointal.

ESSENTIAL GENERIC CHARACTER.

COROLLA 4-fida, seu 4-petala. Antheræ lineares, petalis infra
apices insertæ. Calyx proprius, nullus. Semina solitaria.

BLOSSOM four-cleft, or of four petals. Tips linear, inserted into
the petals below the points. Cup proper, none. Seeds solitary.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER.

PROTEA foliis obliquis, lanceolatis, pubescentibus: capitulis
oblongis, involucratis, terminalibus.

Feminei flores ramos terminant cum cono ovato magnitudine pisi,
involucro bicolori circumdato.

Habitat ad Caput Bonæ Spei.

PROTEA with oblique, lance-shaped, hairy leaves: heads of flowers
oblong, involucrated, and terminal.

Female flowers terminate the branches with an ovate cone about the
size of a pea, surrounded by a two-coloured involucrum.

Native of the Cape of Good Hope.

REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.

1. A flower, one tip magnified.
2. Seed-bud and pointal, summit magnified.
3. Section of a head of flowers from the female plant.
4. Seed-bud and pointal, magnified.

* * * * *

Protea saligna, in the Species Plantarum of Linnæus, is considered as only a variety of P. conifera, but is certainly specifically distinct in its foliage, however resembling in other particulars. Finding, soon after we had made our drawing, a female plant in fine bloom, we have annexed a branch of it on the same plate, to elucidate as much as possible the apparent confusion that at present seems to pervade this section of the Genus Protea. The P. saligna of Thunberg, enumerated by Willdenow, we have no doubt, describes the female specimen we have represented, the cone being there mentioned as about the size of a pea, and which exactly accords with our figure. The drawings were made from plants introduced to this country from the Cape of Good Hope, in the year 1806, by G. Hibbert, esq.

PLATE DLXXIII.

MAGNOLIA AURICULATA.

_Ear-leaved Magnolia._

CLASS XIII. ORDER VII.

_POLYANDRIA POLYGYNIA._ Many Chives. Many Pointals.

ESSENTIAL GENERIC CHARACTER.

CALYX 3-phyllus. Petala 6-12. Capsulæ 2-valves, imbricatæ. Semina
baccata, pendula.

CUP 3-leaved. Petals 6-12. Capsules 2-valved, tiled. Seeds berried,
pendulous.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER.

MAGNOLIA foliis obovato-lanceolatis, basi attenuatis, auritis,
glabris, subtus glaucis.

Habitat in America boreali.

MAGNOLIA with obovate lance-shaped leaves, attenuated towards the
base, eared, smooth, and glaucous beneath.

Native of North America.

REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.

1. A chive.
2. Seed-bud and pointals.

* * * * *

Amongst the finest hardy exotics that ornament the gardens, the Magnolias are eminently conspicuous. A fine species of that description our figure represents, drawn from a plant seven feet high in the nursery-ground of Messrs. Whitley and Brames, who inform me that it was sent to them from Maryland in North America, by Mr. Bartram, about the year 1793. It does not seed with us, as very few of the genus do; and when any of them appear to have ripened their seed perfectly, we understand they have very rarely if ever vegetated. This species is perfectly hardy, but is with difficulty raised by layers; which accounts for its being (after a period of sixteen years since its first introduction to this country) not so generally known as it deserves to be. It flowers in the month of May.

PLATE DLXXIV.

PULTENÆA OBCORDATA.

_Inversely Heart-leaved Pultenæa._

CLASS X. ORDER I.

_DECANDRIA MONOGYNIA._ Ten Chives. One Pointal.

ESSENTIAL GENERIC CHARACTER.

CALYX quinque-dentatus, utrinque appendiculatus. Corolla
papilionacea, alis vexillo brevioribus. Legumen uniloculare,
dispermum.

CUP five-toothed, with an appendage on each side. Blossom
butterfly-shaped, with the wings shorter than the standard. Pod of
one cell, with two seeds.

See Pultenæa Daphnoides, Pl. XCVIII. Vol. II.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER.

PULTENÆA foliis obcordatis, mucronatis, nitidis.

PULTENÆA with inversely heart-shaped leaves, mucronated, and
shining.

REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.

1. The empalement.
2. The vexillum.
3. One of the wings.
4. The two petals of the keel.
5. The chives and pointal, one tip magnified.
6. Seed-bud and pointal.

* * * * *

This nondescript species of Pultenæa is a native of New Holland, and was discovered on Van Diemen’s Land by Mr. Littlejohn, one of the residents on Governor Collins’s settlement. It possesses lively yellow flowers, and singularly obcordate leaves, and is a handsome addition to the genus Pultenæa, of which it is a genuine member, having the two little appendages on the cup, the principal (although trivial) leading feature that characterizes the genus. Our drawing was made from a specimen communicated by A. B. Lambert, esq. with whom it has flowered for the first time in this country.

PLATE DLXXV.

MARTYNIA DIANDRA.

_Diandrous Martynia._

CLASS XIV. ORDER II.

_DIDYNAMIA ANGIOSPERMIA._ Two Chives longer. Seeds covered.

ESSENTIAL GENERIC CHARACTER.

CALYX 5-fidus. Corolla ringens. Capsula lignosa, corticata, rostro
hamata, 4-locularis, 4-valvis.

CALYX five-cleft. Corolla gaping. Capsule woody, covered, with a
hooked beak; 4 divisions, and 4 openings.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER.

MARTYNIA caule ramoso, foliis oppositis, cordatis, dentatis,
floribus diandris. _Willd. Sp. Pl._

MARTYNIA with the stem branching, leaves opposite, heart-shaped,
and toothed, and flowers diandrous.

REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.

1. The empalement.
2. The chives.
3. Seed-bud and pointal.
4. The capsule.

* * * * *

We are glad to have an opportunity of giving a figure of a plant so very ornamental, and so rarely met with in our collections. Martynia diandra is a native of Mexico about Vera Cruz, and requires to be kept in the hothouse, or glass frame with artificial heat, and has much the same delicate texture as the Martynia proboscidea. Of the figures that have before been published of it, that of Jacquin in his Hortus Schœnbrunnensis, vol. iii. plate 289, is by far the best. A specimen was communicated by A. B. Lambert, esq., in November 1808, and another in May last from a plant which had outlived the winter, and from which the present figure is taken. All the species of Martynia are considered as annuals.

PLATE DLXXVI.

LITHOSPERMUM TINCTORIUM.

_Dyers’ Bugloss._

CLASS V. ORDER I.

_PENTANDRIA MONOGYNIA._ Five Chives. One Pointal.

ESSENTIAL GENERIC CHARACTER.

COROLLA infundibuliformis, fauce perforata, nuda. Calyx 5-partitus.

BLOSSOM funnel-shaped, with the mouth open and naked. Cup 5-cleft.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER.

LITHOSPERMUM villosum caulibus procumbentibus. _Sp. Pl. editio
prima._

LITHOSPERMUM hairy. Stem procumbent.

REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.

1. The empalement.
2. A blossom spread open.
3. Seed-bud and pointal.

* * * * *

This rare plant, enumerated in the Hortus Kewensis upon the authority of Sutherland’s Catalogue of the Plants in the Physic Garden at Edinburgh, published in 1683, has been long a desideratum in our collections. It grows naturally in dry sandy places about Montpelier, and also in the southern provinces of the Russian empire, from whence we have seen fine specimens collected by Professor Pallas in Mr. Lambert’s Herbarium, which now contains the whole collection made at the expense of the Russian Government, during the space of 30 years, by that great naturalist and his assistants. The plant is well calculated for ornamenting rock-works, or light sandy and gravelly borders. The roots are an article of trade, and used to give a red colour to oils, wax, and spirits of wine. Linnæus, after having very properly arranged this plant as a Lithospermum in the first edition of his Species Plantarum, afterwards removed it to the genus Anchusa, which alteration has since been adopted by every editor of his works. The character, however, is decidedly that of a Lithospermum; and the alteration would be difficult to account for, were it not for a memorandum of the late M. L’Heritier (published in the Flore Française), stating that he had seen another plant under that name in the Linnæan herbarium. It therefore appears that Linnæus, after having described the true plant, from his not possessing a specimen of it had afterwards mistaken some species of Anchusa for it. The plant, however, was retained in its proper genus by Gerard in his Flora Gallico-Provincialis, and he has since been followed by Decandolle in the Flore Française. We are aware of Professor Vahl and Willdenow’s having given to another Lithospermum the name of tinctorium; but if the genus Arnebia of Forskahl is given up, the characteristic specific of tetrastigma applied to it by Lamarck may be restored. We have never seen any figure of the plant but that of Plenck, Aubriet’s in Alyon’s Cours de Botanique, and the wooden cut of John Bauhin; the plant figured under the name of Anchusa tinctoria in Woodville’s Medical Botany being the Anchusa officinalis. Specimens were communicated by A. B. Lambert, esq., and there is also a fine spreading plant of it now in blossom (May 27th) in the natural ground, in Mr. Harrison’s nursery at Brompton.

PLATE DLXXVII.

PROTEA VIRGATA.

_Twiggy Protea._

CLASS IV. ORDER I.

_TETRANDRIA MONOGYNIA._ Four Chives. One Pointal.

ESSENTIAL GENERIC CHARACTER.

COROLLA 4-fida, seu 4-petala. Antheræ lineares, petalis infra
apices insertæ. Calyx proprius, nullus. Semina solitaria.

BLOSSOM four-cleft, or of four petals. Tips linear, inserted into
the petals below the points. Cup proper, none. Seeds solitary.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER.

PROTEA foliis linearibus acutis, supra concavis, subtus convexis:
floribus confertis, procumbentibus.

Habitat ad Caput Bonæ Spei.

PROTEA with linear pointed leaves, concave above, and convex
beneath. Flowers crowded, and lying on the ground.

Native of the Cape of Good Hope.

REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.

1. A flower complete, summit magnified.

* * * * *

The application of specific titles to this wide-spreading family of plants is now become an arduous task; and considering how many of the best are already occupied, an exclusive reference cannot be expected. This species of Protea is altogether new, but bears a powerful resemblance in the flowers to the P. humiflora: but the distinct character of its foliage gives to the tout ensemble a perfect air of novelty; nor is there any figure or description of it extant, that we know of.

Our drawing was made from a fine plant at the nursery of Mr. Knight in the King’s Road, Chelsea.

PLATE DLXXVIII.

ÆGIPHILA DIFFUSA. Fig. 1.

_Spreading Ægiphila._

CLASS IV. ORDER I.

_TETRANDRIA MONOGYNIA._ Four Chives. One Pointal.

ESSENTIAL GENERIC CHARACTER.

CALYX 4-dentatus. Corolla 4-fida. Stylus semibifidus. Bacca
bilocularis, loculis dispermis.

CUP four-toothed. Blossom four-cleft. Shaft cleft half-way down.
Berry two-celled, cells two-seeded.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER.

ÆGIPHILA foliis ovato-lanceolatis, longè acuminatis, utrinque
glabris; paniculis diffusis axillaribus et terminalibus; staminibus
tubo vix excedentibus, stylo longissimo.

ÆGIPHILA with oval-lanced, long pointed leaves, smooth on both
sides; panicles spreading, axillary, and terminal; stamens scarcely
longer than the tube, and shaft very long.

ÆGIPHILA OBOVATA. Fig. 2.

_Inversely Oval-leaved Ægiphila_

SPECIFIC CHARACTER.

ÆGIPHILA foliis obovatis acuminatis, utrinque glabris; paniculis
axillaribus et terminalibus; pedicellis calycibusque minutè
pubescentibus.

ÆGIPHILA with leaves inversely oval, pointed and smooth; panicles
axillary and terminal; flower-stalks and calyxes minutely
pubescent.

REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.

1. The empalement.
2. A blossom spread open.
3. Seed-bud and pointal, as it appears in the opening buds.
4. The same when fully expanded.

* * * * *

This very natural genus was established by Jacquin from the Bois Cabril of the Creoles in Martinico, a shrub, the young shoots of which are greedily sought for and eaten by their cattle, particularly goats, whence the name (in English) Goatwood; and which Jacquin, following the botanical canon, elegantly turned into Ægiphila. With this species the celebrated Swartz has conjoined the Knoxia of Browne’s Jamaica and Manabea lævis of Aublet’s Guiana, and added two more species, Æ. fœtida and Æ. trifida, discovered by himself; and Willdenow has yet further augmented it with the Manabea villosa and arborescens of Aublet, and the Nuxia of Lamarck: the last, however, we consider as a very doubtful species. That fine collection of plants from the West Indies, introduced in 1807 by lord Seaforth, and by him presented to A. B. Lambert, esq. and which we have already so often quoted, has brought to our knowledge two more species, which we have denominated diffusa and obovata, from what appeared to us to be their most prominent features. Both shrubs are natives of the West Indies, and were sent to us in flower in August 1808. They are propagated by cuttings, and have not yet ripened seeds in England, but produce flowers annually in abundance during the months of July and August.

PLATE DLXXIX.

CRATÆGUS AZAROLUS.

_The Azarole._

CLASS II. ORDER XII.

_ICOSANDRIA DIGYNIA._ Twenty Chives. Two Pointals.

ESSENTIAL GENERIC CHARACTER.

CALYX quinquefidus. Petala quinque. Bacca infera, 1-5-sperma.

CUP five-cleft. Blossom five petals. Berry below, with from 1 to 5
seeds.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER.

CRATÆGUS foliis obtusis, subtrifidis, dentatis, pubescentibus.

CRATÆGUS with blunt, pubescent, toothed leaves generally 3-cleft.

REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.

1. A flower spread open.
2. The same shown from the outer side.

* * * * *

The Azarole grows naturally in Italy, in the South of France, in Carniola, and on the banks of the Tanais in the Russian empire where it was found by Gerber in 1741. It grows to be a tree of rather small size, and is much cultivated in Italy, in the South of France, and in Sicily, for the sake of the fruit, which is as large as a cherry, of a fine red colour with sometimes a tinge of yellow, and is said to have a very agreeable flavour. At present the Azarole is very scarce in this country, and we have never seen it in blossom but at Burchall’s nursery at Fulham, in May 1808, when our drawing was made. This year the plant has produced no blossoms. To those who are desirous of cultivating the Azarole, and adding another variety to their deserts, we would recommend planting it in well sheltered situations; or perhaps training against a wall, as practised for peaches and other delicate fruits, would be still better. Considerable trees of the Azarole formerly existed in His Majesty’s Gardens at Kew, and in those of the Duke or Northumberland at Sion House; and we have lately seen the remains of one in Mr. Swainson’s collection at Twickenham; but we are not aware that any exist at present in England. That of Plenck excepted, in His Medical Plants, Pl. 390, we believe no other coloured figure of it has before been published.

PLATE DLXXX.

MESEMBRYANTHEMUM ACINACIFORME.

_Scimitar-leaved Mesembryanthemum._

CLASS XII. ORDER IV.

_ICOSANDRIA PENTAGYNIA._ Twenty Chives. Five Pointals.

ESSENTIAL GENERIC CHARACTER.

PETALA valde numerosa, linearia, basi cohærentia.

PETALS very numerous, linear, cohering at the base.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER.

MESEMBRYANTHEMUM foliis acinaciformibus: floribus amplissimis, lætè
purpureis.

_Dillenii Hortus Elthamensis_, tab. CCXI.

FIG-MARYGOLD with scimitar-shaped leaves: flowers very large, and
of a bright purple colour.

REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.

1. The empalement, seed-bud, and pointals.

* * * * *

Throughout this extensive tribe of plants, this is the most splendid species of Mesembryanthemum we are at present acquainted with; and although an old plant in the gardens, it is quite a rarity to meet with it in flower. Our specimen is from the collection of Mr. Trimmer, of Kew Bridge, whose method of forcing it into bloom may be worth the attention of cultivators. It is by training it up against the glass, and watering it very sparingly; indeed, so little water is requisite for many of the succulent plants, that we have seen them thrive very well without any, except what they absorb from the humidity of the atmosphere in the descending dews.

PLATE DLXXXI.

SALIX VIOLACEA.

_Violet-coloured Willow._

CLASS XXII. ORDER II.

_DIŒCIA DIANDRIA._ Chives and Pointals on different Plants. Two Chives.

ESSENTIAL GENERIC CHARACTER.

* _Masculi flores._

AMENTUM cylindraceum. Calyx squamosus. Corolla 0. Glandulæ baseos
nectariferæ.

* _Feminei flores._

AMENTUM cylindraceum. Calyx squamosus. Corolla 0. Stylus 2-fidus.
Capsula 1-locularis, 2-valvis. Semina papposa.

* _Male flowers._

CATKIN cylindrical. Empalement squamous. Blossom none. Glands at
the base, bearing honey.

* _Female Flowers._

CATKIN cylindrical. Empalement squamous. Blossom none. Shaft
2-cleft. Capsule 1-locular, 2-valved. Seeds downy.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER.

SALIX foliis lanceolatis, acuminatis, serrulatis, glabris, subtus
glaucis: ramis pulvere violaceo tectis.

WILLOW with lance-shaped leaves finely sawed, smooth, and glaucous
beneath: branches covered over with a violet-coloured powder.

REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.

1. A male flower.
2. A bit of the lower part of the stem with
some of the powder rubbed off.

* * * * *

This fine species of willow is remarkable, first, for the gigantic size of its shoots, rising to the height of ten and sometimes twelve feet in one season; secondly, for their superior tenacity, being yet more tough than the common Osier; and thirdly, for the singular blue powder (considerably resembling that found upon the Orleans plum) with which they are always covered; and which, when any part of it has been accidentally rubbed off, is very quickly regenerated. It is said to be a native of Russia or Siberia, and to have been introduced by Mr. John Bell of Sion Gate about the year 1798. Whether it may or may not be the same species as Salix acutifolia of Willdenow, which he published without having seen the fructification, we leave to those who have seen his specimen to determine.

Our specimens are from the collection of A. B. Lambert, esq. who informs us that it produces in April male flowers annually at Boyton, and besides its great utility is a very ornamental plant.

PLATE DLXXXII.

PROTEA MELLIFERA ALBIFLORA.

_White-flowered Honey-bearing Protea._

CLASS IV. ORDER I.

_TETRANDRIA MONOGYNIA._ Four Chives. One Pointal.

ESSENTIAL GENERIC CHARACTER.

COROLLA 4-fida, seu 4-petala. Antheræ lineares, petalis infra
apices insertæ. Calyx proprius, nullus. Semina solitaria.

BLOSSOM four-cleft, or of four petals. Tips linear, inserted into
the petals below the points. Cup proper, none. Seeds solitary.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER.

PROTEA foliis lanceolatis ellipticis: capituloque terminali, magno,
albo.

Habitat ad Caput Bonæ Spei.

PROTEA with elliptic lance-shaped leaves: head of flowers terminal,
large, and white.

Native of the Cape of Good Hope.

REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.

1. Seed-bud, chives, and pointal.

* * * * *

Whether we consider this Protea as a species, or only a variety, it well deserves a representation. The only plant we have ever seen of it, and from whence our figure was taken, was in the collection of the Duke of Northumberland at Sion House, in the year 1807. Its unequivocal claim to the specific title of mellifera we unawares experienced, as, in bending the plant a little forward to view the interior of its flowers, (the plant being near seven feet high,) it literally poured out a stream of nectareous juice, the cup being filled with honey as high as the imbrications could possibly contain it.

PLATE DLXXXIII.

LONICERA JAPONICA.

_Japanese Woodbine._

CLASS V. ORDER I.

_PENTANDRIA MONOGYNIA._ Five Chives. One Pointal.

ESSENTIAL GENERIC CHARACTER.

COROLLA 1-petala, irregularis. Bacca polysperma, bilocularis,
infera.

BLOSSOM of one petal, irregular. Berry many-seeded, 2-celled,
below.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER.

LONICERA foliis perennantibus petiolatis villosis: caule volubili.

Lonicera japonica. _Willd. Sp. Pl._

LONICERA with ever-green downy leaves upon footstalks, and a
twining stem.

REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.

1. A flower spread open.
2. The seed-bud and pointal.

* * * * *

This far-fetched and yet rare species of “the luscious woodbine” is the Kin-gin-qua, or Gold and Silver Flower, of the Japanese, as we learn from Kæmpfer and Thunberg. The same name is also affixed to a Chinese drawing of the plant, a copy of which we have seen in the collection of A. B. Lambert, esq. From the same drawing we learn that the flowers come sometimes more in heads, and much more numerous than in our specimen; which may probably be accounted for from the plants being kept here in the green-house. Being an ever-green, like the Minorca and American twining honey-suckles, the species is the more desirable. It was introduced, we are informed, from China about the year 1805, and our drawing was taken in July 1809, in the garden of the Count de Vandes at Bayswater.

PLATE DLXXXIV.

PHLOMIS SAMIA.

_Samian Phlomis._

CLASS XIV. ORDER I.

_DIDYNAMIA ANGIOSPERMIA._ Two Chives longer. Seeds covered.

ESSENTIAL GENERIC CHARACTER.

CALYX angulatus. Corollæ labium superius incumbens, compressum,
villosum.

CUP angled: upper lip of the corolla incumbent, compressed and
downy.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER.

PHLOMIS caule hirsuto, foliis cordatis, crenatis, subtus
tomentosis, bracteis tripartitis subulatis mucronatis calycem
æquantibus. _Willd. Sp. Pl. 3. p. 120._

PHLOMIS with a hairy stalk: leaves heart-shaped, scolloped, and
cottony underneath: bracts 3-parted, awl-shaped, as long as the
cup.

REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.

1. The empalement.
2. A flower spread open.
3. Seed-bud and pointal.

* * * * *

This curious species appears to have been introduced by Mr. Miller; but, not being enumerated in the Hortus Kewensis, nor the Catalogue of the Cambridge Botanic Garden, must have been since lost. Indeed Mr. Miller informs us, that the severe winter of 1740 destroyed all the plants of it then in England. A. B. Lambert, esq. who communicated the specimens in July last from his garden at Boyton, informs us that Dr. Williams, regius professor of botany at Oxford, favoured him with the plant; and his predecessor Dr. Sibthorpe, who made two journeys into Greece to enrich us with the natural history of that interesting country, was probably the re-introducer. The name Samia is derived from the island of Samos; but Monsieur Desfontaines informs us (in his Flora Atlantica) that the original Samian plant of Tournefort and the Phlomis Samia of Linnæus (which he found wild about Mount Atlas) are different species. Both may possibly be natives of Samos: the posthumous Flora Græca of Dr. Sibthorpe, now publishing by his friend Dr. Smith, will, we trust, decide it. There is no prior figure of the plant.

PLATE DLXXXV.

SOPHORA JAPONICA.

_Japanese Sophora._

CLASS X. ORDER I.

_DECANDRIA MONOGYNIA._ Ten Chives. One Pointal.

ESSENTIAL GENERIC CHARACTER.

CALYX 5-dentatus, supernè gibbus. Corolla papilionacea: alis
longitudine vexilli. Lomentum moniliforme.

CUP five-toothed, swelling above. Blossom butterfly-shaped, with
wings the length of the keel. Pod necklace-shaped.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER.

SOPHORA foliis pinnatis: foliolis pluribus ovatis glabris: caule
arboreo. _Willd. Sp. Pl._

SOPHORA with winged leaves: the leaflets numerous, ovate, and
smooth: stem arborescent.

REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.

1. The empalement.
2. The vexillum.
3. One of the alæ.
4. The carina.
5. The chives.
6. The seed-bud and pointal.

* * * * *

Sophora japonica is the largest species of that genus at present known. The specimen exhibited is from a tree more than 40 feet high, in the collection of John Ord, esq. at Purser’s Cross, Fulham, which was planted by himself about fifty years ago. Our attachment to even the inanimate companions of our youth, and the pleasure we derive from them, are thus beautifully expressed by one of our English poets (Cowley, we believe):

“A wood coëval with himself he sees;
And loves his old cotemporary trees.”