Chapter XIII: Sedan (3)

COMMANDER, Lieut.-Gen. Baron von Rheinbaben; 11th Brig., Major-Gen. von Barby (a Cuirassier, a Uhlan, and a Dragoon regiment); 12th Brig., Major-Gen. von Bredow (similarly formed); 13th Brig., Major-Gen. von Redern (three Hussar regiments).

Strength of Division: 36 squadrons, 5,400 horses; 2 batteries, 12 guns, Horse Artillery.

_The Sixth Cavalry Division._

COMMANDER, Duke William of Mecklenburg-Schwerin; 14th Brig., Major-Gen. Baron von Diepenbroick-Grüter (a Cuirassier and two Uhlan regiments); 15th Brig., Major-Gen. von Rauch (two Hussar regiments).

Strength of Division: 20 squadrons, 3,000 horses; and 1 Horse Artillery battery, 6 guns.

_Strength of Second Army._

Battalions. Squadrons. Batteries. Guns.
Guard 29 32 15 90
2nd Corps 25 8 14 84
3rd Corps 25 8 14 84
4th Corps 25 8 14 84
9th Corps 23 12 15 90
10th Corps 25 8 14 84
12th Corps 29 24 16 96
5th Cav. Div 36 2 12
6th Cav. Div 20 1 6
--- --- --- ---
Total. 181 156 105 630

THE THIRD ARMY.

COMMANDER-IN-CHIEF, H.R.H. the Crown Prince of Prussia; Chief of the Staff, Lieut.-Gen. von Blumenthal; Chief Quartermaster, Colonel von Gottberg; Commander of Artillery, Lieut.-Gen. Herkt.

_Fifth Corps._

COMMANDER-IN-CHIEF, Lieut.-Gen. von Kirchbach; Chief of the Staff, Colonel von der Esch; Commander of the Artillery, Colonel Gaede. 9th Div., Major-Gen. von Sandrart; 17th Brig., Colonel von Bothmer; 18th Brig., Major-Gen. von Voigts-Rhetz. 10th Div., Lieut.-Gen. von Schmidt; 19th Brig., Colonel von Henning auf Schönhoff; 20th Brig., Major-Gen. Walther von Montbary.

Strength of Corps; 25 battalions, 25,000 men; 8 squadrons, 1,200 horses; 14 batteries, 84 guns; 3 companies of Pioneers.

_Sixth Corps._[4]

COMMANDER-IN-CHIEF, General von Tümpling; Chief of the Staff, Colonel von Salviati; Commander of Artillery, Colonel von Ramm. 11th Div., Lieut.-Gen. von Gordon; 21st Brig., Major-Gen. von Malachowski; 22nd Brig., Major-Gen. von Eckartsberg. 12th Div., Lieut.-Gen. von Hoffmann; 23rd Brig., Major-Gen. Gündel; 24th Brig., Major-Gen. von Fabeck.

Strength of Corps: 25 battalions, 25,000 men; 8 squadrons, 1,200 horses, 14 batteries, 84 guns; 3 companies of Pioneers.

[Footnote 4: This Corps did not cross the frontier until the 6th of August.]

_Eleventh Corps._

COMMANDER-IN-CHIEF, Lieut.-Gen. von Bose; Chief of the Staff, Major-Gen. Stein von Kaminski; Commander of Artillery, Major-Gen. Hausmann. 21st Div., Lieut.-Gen. von Schachtmeyer; 41st Brig., Colonel von Koblinski; 42nd Brig., Major-Gen. von Thile. 22nd Div., Lieut.-Gen. von Gersdorff; 43rd Brig., Colonel von Konski; 44th Brig., Major-Gen. von Schkopp.

Strength of Corps: 25 battalions, 25,000 men; 8 squadrons, 1,200 horses; 14 batteries, 84 guns; 3 companies of Pioneers.

_First Bavarian Corps._

COMMANDER-IN-CHIEF, General von der Tann-Rathsamhausen; Chief of the Staff, Lieut.-Col. von Heinleth; Commander of Artillery, Major-Gen. von Malaisé. 1st Div., Lieut.-Gen von Stephan; 1st Brig., Major-Gen. Dietl; 2nd Brig., Major-Gen. von Orff. 2nd Div., Major-Gen. Schumaker; 3rd Brig., Colonel Heyle; 4th Brig., Major-Gen. Baron von der Tann.

Strength of Corps: 25 battalions, 25,000 men; 20 squadrons, 3,000 horses (Cuirassiers and Light Horse); 16 batteries, 96 guns; 3 companies of Pioneers.

_Second Bavarian Corps._

COMMANDER-IN-CHIEF, General Ritter von Hartmann; Chief of the Staff, Colonel Baron von Horn; Commander of Artillery, Major-Gen. Lutz. 3rd Div., Lieut.-Gen. von Walther; 5th Brig., Major-Gen. von Schleich; 6th Brig., Colonel Borries von Wissel. 4th Div., Lieut.-Gen. Count von Bothmer; 7th Brig., Major-Gen. von Thiereck; 8th Brig., Major-Gen. Maillinger.

Strength of Corps: 25 battalions, 25,000 men; 20 squadrons, 3,000 horses (Cuirassier, Uhlan, Light Horse); 16 batteries, 96 guns; 3 companies of Pioneers.

_The Würtemberg Division._

COMMANDER-IN-CHIEF, Lieut.-Gen. von Obernitz; Chief of the Staff, Colonel von Bock; Commander of Artillery, Colonel von Sick; 1st Brig., Major-Gen. von Reitstenstein; 2nd Brig., Major-Gen. von Starkloff; 3rd Brig., Major-Gen. Baron von Hügel.

Strength of Division: 15 battalions, 15,000 men; 10 squadrons, 1,500 horses; 9 batteries, 54 guns; 2 companies of Pioneers.

_Baden Division._

COMMANDER-IN-CHIEF, Lieut.-Gen. von Beyer; Chief of the Staff, Lieut.-Col. von Leszczynski; Commander of Artillery, Colonel von Freydorf; 1st Brig., Lieut.-Gen. du Jarrhs, Baron von la Roche; 2nd Brig., Major-Gen. Keller.

Strength of Division: 13 battalions, 13,000 men; 12 squadrons, 1,800 horses; 9 batteries, 54 guns; 1 Pioneer company.

_Second Cavalry Division._[5]

COMMANDER, Lieut.-Gen. Count Stolberg-Wernigerode; 3rd Brig., Major-Gen. von Colomb (two regiments, Cuirassier and Uhlan); 4th Brig., Major-Gen. Baron von Barnekow (two regiments of Hussars); 5th Brig., Major-Gen. von Baumbach (two regiments of Hussars).

Strength: 24 squadrons, 3,600 horses; 2 Horse Artillery batteries, 12 guns.

[Footnote 5: This Division came up after the 4th of August.]

_Fourth Cavalry Division._

COMMANDER, General H.R.H. Prince Albrecht of Prussia, senior; 8th Brig., Major-Gen. von Hontheim (two regiments, Cuirassier and Uhlan); 9th Brig., Major-Gen. von Bernhardi (two Uhlan regiments); 10th Brig., Major-Gen. von Krosigk (two regiments, Hussar and Dragoon).

Strength: 24 squadrons, 3,600 horses; 2 Horse Artillery batteries, 12 guns.

STRENGTH OF THIRD ARMY.

Battalions. Squadrons. Batteries. Guns.
5th Corps 25 8 14 84
6th Corps 25 8 14 84
11th Corps 25 8 14 84
1st Bavarian 25 20 16 96
2nd Bavarian 25 20 16 96
Würtemberg Div. 15 10 9 54
Baden Div 13 12 9 54
2nd Cav. Div. 24 2 12
4th Cav. Div. 24 2 12
--- --- -- ---
Total 153 134 96 576

TOTAL OF THE THREE ARMIES.

Battalions. Squadrons. Batteries. Guns.
First Army 75 64 45 270
Second Army 181 156 105 630
Third Army 153 134 96 576
--- --- --- -----
Grand Total 409 354 246 1,476

By the end of August the 17th Division of Infantry and the 2nd Division of Landwehr, under the Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin, in addition to the 3rd Reserve Division already on the spot under General Kunsmor, were brought up to take part in the investment of Metz. The troops sent forward to reinforce the Baden Division before Strasburg were the Landwehr Division of the Guard, the 1st Reserve Division, and the 1st brigade of reserve cavalry. During August, counting all ranks, sick or well, and including every species of non-combatant, the mean strength of the Armies in the field was 780,723 men, and 213,159 horses.

II

THE FRENCH ARMY.

COMMANDER-IN-CHIEF, THE EMPEROR NAPOLEON III.; “Major-General” or Chief of the Staff, Marshal Lebœuf, assisted by General Lebrun and General Jarras; Commander of Artillery, General Soleille; of Engineers, General Coffinières de Nordeck.

IMPERIAL GUARD.

COMMANDER-IN-CHIEF, General Bourbaki; Chief of the Staff, General d’Auvergne; Commander of Artillery, General Pé d’Arros; Divisional Commanders: 1st Div. (Voltigeurs), General Deligny; Brigadiers: 1st Brig., General Brincourt; 2nd Brig., General Garnier. 2nd Div. (Grenadiers), General Picard; Brigadiers: 1st Brig., General Jeanningros; 2nd Brig., General le Poitevin de Lacroix.

Strength of Corps: 24 battalions; 24 squadrons—(Desvaux’s Div. of three brigades, commanded by Halna du Fretay, De France, and Du Preuil, consisting of Guides, Chasseurs, Lancers, Dragoons, Cuirassiers, and Carbineers)—60 guns, and 12 mitrailleuses; 2 companies of Engineers.

_First Corps._

COMMANDER-IN-CHIEF, Marshal MacMahon, Duke of Magenta; Chief of the Staff, Gen. Colson; Commander of Artillery, Gen. Forgeot. Divisional Commanders: 1st Div., Gen. Ducrot; 1st Brig., Gen. Wolff; 2nd Brig., Gen. de Postis du Houlbec. 2nd Div., Gen. Abel Douay; 1st Brig., Gen. Pelletier de Montmarie; 2nd Brig., Gen. Pellé. 3rd Div., Gen. Raoult; 1st Brig., Gen. l’Hériller; 2nd Brig., Gen. Lefebvre. 4th Div., Gen. Lartigue; 1st Brig., Lieut.-Gen. Fraboulet de Kerléadec; 2nd Brig., Gen. Lacretelle.

Strength of Corps: 52 battalions—45 deducting the regiments left in Strasburg; 28 squadrons—Duhesme’s brigade of Cuirassiers, Hussars, Chasseurs, Lancers, and Dragoons—96 guns and 24 mitrailleuses; 5½ companies of Engineers.

_Second Corps._

COMMANDER-IN-CHIEF, General Frossard; Chief of the Staff, Gen. Saget; Commander of Artillery, Gen. Gagneur, 1st Div., Gen. Vergé; 1st Brig., Gen. Letellier Valazé; 2nd Brig., Gen. Jolivet. 2nd Div., Gen. Bataille; 1st Brig., Gen. Pouget; 2nd Brig., Gen. Fauvart-Bastoul. 3rd Div., Gen. de Laveaucoupet; 1st Brig., Gen. Doëns; 2nd Brig., Gen. Micheler.

Strength of Corps: 39 battalions; 16 squadrons—(Valabrègue’s Division, 4 regiments of Chasseurs and Dragoons)—72 guns, 18 mitrailleuses; 5 companies of Engineers.

_Third Corps._

COMMANDER-IN-CHIEF, Marshal Bazaine; Chief of the Staff, Gen. Manèque; Commander of Artillery, Gen. de Rochebouët. 1st Div., Gen. Montaudon; 1st Brig., Gen. Baron Aymard; 2nd Brig., Gen. Clinchant. 2nd Div., Gen. de Castagny; 1st Brig., Gen. Nayral; 2nd Brig., Gen. Duplessis. 3rd Div., Gen. Metman; 1st Brig., Gen. de Potier; 2nd Brig., Gen. Arnaudeau. 4th Div., Gen. Decaen; 1st Brig., Gen. de Brauer; 2nd Brig., Gen. Sanglé-Ferrière.

Strength of Corps: 52 battalions; 28 squadrons—(De Clérambault’s Div., 3 regiments of Chasseurs, 4 of Dragoons, organized in 3 brigades)—96 guns, 24 mitrailleuses and 5½ companies of Engineers.

_Fourth Corps._

COMMANDER-IN-CHIEF, General de Ladmirault; Chief of the Staff, Gen. Osmont: Commander of Artillery, Gen. Lafaille. 1st Div., Gen. Courtot de Cissey; 1st Brig., Gen. Count Brayer; 2nd Brig., Gen. de Golberg. 2nd Div., Gen. Grenier; 1st Brig., Gen. Bellecourt; 2nd Brig., Gen. Pradier; 3rd Div., Gen. Count de Lorencez; 1st Brig., Gen. Count Pajol; 2nd Brig., Gen. Berger.

Strength of Corps: 39 battalions; 16 squadrons—(Legrand’s Div., 1 brigade of Hussars and 1 of Dragoons)—72 guns, 18 mitrailleuses; 4 companies of Engineers.

_Fifth Corps._

COMMANDER-IN-CHIEF, General de Failly; Chief of the Staff, Gen. Besson; Commander of Artillery, Gen. Liédot. 1st Div., Gen. Goze; 1st Brig., Gen. Sauron; 2nd Brig., Gen. Nicolas-Nicolas. 2nd Div., Gen. de l’Abadie d’Aydrein; 1st Brig., Gen. Lapasset; 2nd Brig., Gen. de Maussion. 3rd Div., Gen. Guyot de Lespart; 1st Brig., Gen. Abbatucci; 2nd Brig., Gen. de Fontanges.

Strength of Corps: 39 battalions; 16 squadrons—(Brahaut’s Div., brigade of Hussars and Chasseurs, and one of Lancers)—72 guns, 18 mitrailleuses; 4 companies of Engineers.

_Sixth Corps._

COMMANDER-IN-CHIEF, Marshal Canrobert; Chief of the Staff, Gen. Henri; Commander of Artillery, Gen. Labastie. 1st Div., Gen. Tixier; 1st Brig., Gen. Péchot; 2nd Brig., Gen. Le Roy de Dais. 2nd Div., Gen. Bisson; 1st Brig., Gen. Archinard; 2nd Brig., Gen. Maurice. 3rd Div., Gen. Lafont de Villers; 1st Brig., Gen. Becquet de Sonnay; 2nd Brig., Gen. Colin. 4th Div., Gen. Levassor-Sorval; 1st Brig., Gen. de Marguenat; 2nd Brig., Gen. Comte de Chanaleilles.

Strength of Corps: 49 battalions; 24 squadrons—(Div. of Salignac-Fénelon, three brigades Lancers, Hussars, Chasseurs, and Cuirassiers)—114 guns, 6 mitrailleuses, and 5 companies of Engineers. [Only 40 battalions and 36 guns were able to reach Metz.]

_Seventh Corps._

COMMANDER-IN-CHIEF, General Félix Douay; Chief of the Staff, Gen. Renson; Commander of Artillery, Gen. de Liégeard. 1st Div., Gen. Conseil Dumesnil; 1st Brig., Gen. Nicolaï; 2nd Brig., Gen. Maire. 2nd Div., Gen. Liébert; 1st Brig., Gen. Guiomar; 2nd Brig., Gen. de la Bastide. 3rd Div., Gen. Dumont; 1st Brig., Gen. Bordas; 2nd Brig., Gen. Bittard des Portes.

Strength of Corps: 38 battalions; 20 squadrons—(Amiel’s Div., five regiments, in two brigades, Lancers, Hussars, and Dragoons)—72 guns, 18 mitrailleuses, and 4 companies of Engineers. [One cavalry brigade of two regiments never joined the 7th Corps.]

_Reserve Cavalry._

1st Div., Gen. du Barail; 1st Brig., Gen. Margueritte; 2nd Brig., Gen. de Lajaille; 16 squadrons, Chasseurs d’Afrique, and 12 guns. [Three regiments reached Metz on the 10th of August, and the 4th at Mouzon on the Meuse.]

2nd Div., Gen. Viscomte de Bonnemains; 1st Brig., Gen. Girard; 2nd Brig., Gen. de Brauer; 16 squadrons, all Cuirassiers.

3rd Div., Gen. de Forton; 1st Brig., Gen. Prince Murat; 2nd Brig., Gen. de Gramont; 16 squadrons—(one brigade of Dragoons, the other Cuirassiers)—and 12 guns.

Artillery Reserve: Gen. Canu, 126 guns, 6 mitrailleuses, and 3 companies of Engineers.

STRENGTH OF ARMY.

Battalions. Squadrons. Batteries. Guns. Mitrailleuses.
Guard 24 24 12 60 12
1st Corps 52 28 20 96 24
2nd Corps 39 16 15 72 18
3rd Corps 52 28 20 96 24
4th Corps 39 16 15 72 18
5th Corps 39 16 15 72 18
6th Corps 49 24 20 114 6
7th Corps 38 20 15 72 18
Reserve Cav. 48 6 30 6
Reserve Art. 16 96
--- --- --- --- ---
332 220 154 780 144

It is not possible to do more than guess at the numerical strength of the French Corps, and consequently of the French Army; so great is the variation in the strength of battalions and squadrons. The infantry of the several Corps was continually augmented by the arrival of reserves, so that, the losses at Spicheren notwithstanding, the 2nd Corps was stronger by more than 2,000 men, five days after the battle, than it was on the morning of the 6th; Marshal Lebœuf told the Parliamentary Commission that, on the 1st of August, according to the “states” sent in to the head-quarters, the effective of the Army of the Rhine, including all the Corps in the field, was 243,171 men. But “the real effective,” he adds, “was greatly superior.” For by the 1st of August, no fewer than “278,882 men had been sent to the Army of the Rhine,” and subsequently, until the 14th, “numerous detachments.” It is plain that no precise information can be obtained, but it seems probable that the strength was always greater than that reported at the time. Similar uncertainty prevails respecting the effective strength of the “Army of Chalons.” The only authentic figures extant are those supplied by the German account of the capitulation, from which the original strength, increased by additions on the line of march, may be inferred.

III.

THE PROTOCOL OF CAPITULATION.

Between the undersigned, the Chief of the Staff of His Majesty the King of Prussia, commanding in chief the German Army, and the General, commanding in chief the French Army, each having received full powers from their Majesties, King William and the Emperor Napoleon, the following Convention has been concluded:

_Article 1._—The French Army, placed under the orders of General de Wimpffen, finding itself actually surrounded in Sedan by superior forces, is prisoner of war.

_Article 2._—Having regard to the brave defence of this Army, an exception is made for all the generals and officers, as well as for the functionaries, having the rank of officer, who shall give their word of honour, in writing, not to bear arms against Germany, and not to act in any other manner against her interests until the end of the present war. The officers and functionaries who may accept these conditions, shall preserve their arms and personal property.

_Article 3._—All other arms, as well as the _matériel_ of the Army, consisting of flags (eagles and standards), cannons, horses, military chests, army equipages, munitions, etc., shall be surrendered at Sedan to a Military Commission, appointed by the French Commander-in-Chief, to be given over immediately to the German Commissioner.

_Article 4._—The fortress of Sedan shall be immediately placed in its actual state, and, at the latest, by the evening of September 2, at the disposal of His Majesty the King of Prussia.

_Article 5._—The officers who shall not have subscribed the engagement mentioned in Article 2, and the men, after having been disarmed, shall be ranked in regiments and conducted in good order into the peninsula formed by the Meuse near Iges. The groups thus constituted shall be handed over to the German Commissioners by the officers, who will immediately give over the command to the sous-officers. This arrangement will begin on the 2nd of September and should be finished on the 3rd.

_Article 6._—The military medical men, without exception, will remain behind to take care of the wounded.

Done at Frénois, September 2, 1870.

(Signed) VON MOLTKE.

DE WIMPFFEN.

IV.

A LIST OF THE PRINCIPAL WORKS CONSULTED FOR THE CAMPAIGN OF SEDAN.

Der Deutsch-Französische Krieg, 1870–71. Redigirt von der Kriegsgeschichtlichen Abtheilung des Grossen Generalstabes.

The German Artillery. Captain Hoffbauer.

Operations of the First Army. Major A. von Schell.

Operations of the Bavarian Army. Captain H. Helvig.

Tactical Deductions from the War 1870-71. Captain A. von Boguslawski.

Our Chancellor; Sketches for a Historical Picture. By Moritz Busch.

Bismarck and the Franco-German War, 1870-71. By Dr. Moritz Busch.

My Diary during the last Great War. By W. H. Russell.

L’Armée du Rhin. Par le Maréchal Bazaine.

Episodes de la Guerre de 1870 et le Blocus de Metz. Par l’Ex-Maréchal Bazaine.

Affaire de la Capitulation de Metz. Procès Bazaine.

Metz, Campagne et Négociations. Par un Officier supérieur de l’Armée du Rhin.

Journal d’un Officier de l’Armée du Rhin. Par Ch. Fay.

Œuvres Posthumes autographes inédits de Napoleon III. Collected and published by the Comte de la Chapelle.

Sedan. Par le Général de Wimpffen.

La Journée de Sedan. Par le Général Ducrot.

Guerre de 1870. Bazeilles-Sedan. Par le Général Lebrun.

Campagne de 1870. Belfort, Reims, Sedan, Le 7^{e} Corps de l’Armée du Rhin. Par le Prince Georges Bibesco.

Journal d’un Officier d’Ordonnance, Juillet 1870—Février 1871. Par le Comte d’Hérisson.

Campagne de 1870. La Cavalerie Française. Par le Lieut.-Col. Bonie.

Campagne de 1870–71. Siége de Paris. Operations du 13^{e} Corps et de la Troisième Armée. Par le Général Vinoy.

Documents Relatifs au Siége de Strasbourg. Publiés par le Général Uhrich.

Un Ministère de la Guerre de vingt quatre jours. Par le Général Cousin de Montauban Comte de Palikao.

Enquête Parlementaire sur les Acts du Gouvernement de la Défense Nationale.

Papiers et Correspondances de la Famille Impériale.

Ma Mission en Prusse. Par le Comte Benedetti.

France et la Prusse avant la Guerre. Par le Duc de Gramont.

_The Times_, October 25, 1871. Translation of Prince Bismarck’s Reply to Count Benedetti’s “Mission en Prusse.”

La Politique Française en 1866. Par G. Rothan.

L’Affaire du Luxembourg: le prélude de la Guerre de 1870. Par G. Rothan.

Les Coulisses de la Diplomatie. Quinze Ans à l’Etranger. 1864–1879. Par Jules Hansen.

Revue des Deux Mondes. Avril, 1878; and 1886–7.

Papers presented to Parliament Respecting the War between France and Germany, 1870.

_Weller & Graham L^{td}. Lithos._ _London, Bell & Sons_]

_Weller & Graham L^{td}. Lithos._ _London, Bell & Sons_]

_Weller & Graham L^{td}. Lithos._ _London, Bell & Sons_]

_Weller & Graham L^{td}. Lithos._ _London, Bell & Sons._]

_Weller & Graham L^{td}. Lithos._ _London, Bell & Sons._]

_Weller & Graham L^{td}. Lithos._ _London, Bell & Sons_]

INDEX

Abbatucci’s brigade at Woerth, 115.

Abzac, Colonel d’, 252.

Aillicourt, 293.

Aire, river, 248.

Aisne, river, 232, 242, 248, 249, 264, 277;
the Guard on the, at Triaucourt, 232;
canal, Meuse and, 251.

Albrecht, Archduke of Austria, 34, 64.

Albrecht of Prussia, Prince, 115.

Albrechtshaüser, farm (Woerth), 107.

Algeria, regiments from, 68.

Algerians, native, 84.

Alsace, 68;
small German party enters, 70;
84, 90;
and Lorraine, 96;
effect of blows struck in, 232;
235.

Alten, Major von, 323.

Alvensleben I., General von, 267, 268.

Alvensleben II., Lieut.-General von, at Spicheren, 121;
“the fiery” directs attack (Vionville), 172, 176–178, 186, 187.

Amanvillers (Gravelotte battle), French position, 193, 195, 196;
198, 199, 201, 207, 208, 218, 220–225, 228;
gallant charge of 3rd Brigade at, 220;
railway from, to Habonville, 202.

Amagne, 293.

Amiel’s, General, Cavalry at Sedan, 296.

Andigné, Colonel d’, 304, 305.

Ardennes, the German Armies in the, 265–273.

Argancy and Antilly, German reinforcements at, 281.

Argonne, the, 245.

Army of Chalons, the, composition of, 235, 236, 241;
position of, 276, 285, 290, 307;
its end, 336.

Army, French, condition of, at beginning of war, 59, 60, 61, 62;
after Saarbrück, 76;
movements towards the Meuse, 257–261;
returns to Metz camps, losses at Noisseville, 281;
disorder in retreat on Sedan, 273–274, 286–287;
position of, in Sedan, 296, 297;
confused accounts of retreat, 302;
three Commanders of, in three hours, 303;
condition of, 310;
surrenders, 336.

Army, German, turned north-west, 245;
facing north, 264, 267;
pursues in running fight, 273.

Army, German, First, as pivot, 138;
also, 142, 144, 165.

Army, German, Second, and First, all available men in motion, 190.

Army, German, Third, Bavarians of, at Triaucourt, 254;
movements of, 255, 256.

Army, MacMahon’s, between Rhetel and Vouziers, 243.

Army of the Meuse (German), composition of, 230;
moving, 232, 233;
movements of, 254, 255, 256;
positions and losses, 274, 275.

Army, Prussian, reform, 4, 5, 6.

Army of the Rhine (French), positions at Spicheren, 117;
retired westward of Metz, 188;
facing Paris, 193;
retires to Metz, 226, 228;
reasons for defeat of, 229;
in Metz, 285.

Arndt, the spirit of, 2.

Arry, village, 165.

Ars, village on the Moselle, 177, 191, 193, 215;
road from, to Jussy, troops on, 211.

Ars-Laquenexy, village, 151.

Artillery, duel at Beaumont, 270;
clever withdrawal of Failly’s, 270;
French and German, 312, 313;
German, at Noisseville, 281;
effect of, 299;
German, grand but disastrous conduct of, 201;
Steinmetz’s attack with, 212, 213.

Attigny on the Aisne, 234, 249, 251, 293.

Aube, river, 247.

Auboué, 208, 210.

Auerswald, Colonel von, 182, 183.

Austria, and the Italian question, 12;
refuses Conference, 12;
crushed by Prussia, excluded from Germany, 13;
irritated as well as humbled, 16;
requests Diet to call out Federal Corps, 12.

Austrian Emperor, Francis Joseph, and Schleswig-Holstein, 6, 7, 9;
meets Napoleon III. at Salzburg, 33, 34;
Napoleon III. appeals to, 160.

Aymard, General, 280.

Aymard’s division of Decaen’s Corps at Colombey, 156, 161;
at Vionville, 180.

Balan, 298, 305, 306;
and Bazeilles, Germans hold, 310;
the Emperor watching fight near, 311;
Wimpffen’s effort at, 316, 317, 324.

Ban St. Martin (Metz), Bazaine’s fatal despatch from, 241.

Banthéville, 257;
Guards at, 259.

Bar le Duc, King at, 25th Aug., 233;
German head-quarters, 243, 247;
council at, 254, 255, 256.

Baraque Mouton, farmstead, Germans take, 126.

Barby, General von, 163, 164;
at Mars la Tour, 180, 183, 184.

Barail, Du, at Conflans, 164;
at Mars la Tour, 183, 184.

Barnekow, General von, 121, 185.

Basle, 70.

Bataille, General, at Spicheren, 120, 123, 126;
at Vionville, 171, 173, 174.

Bavarians in Bazeilles, 298, 299.

Bayon on the Upper Moselle, 163.

Bayonville, 259, 264.

Bazaine, Marshal, ordered to occupy Saarbrück, 72, 73, 74, 92, 93;
at Spicheren, 116;
fears being turned, 118, 124;
has three divisions within nine miles, 129;
to protect Frossard, 134, 138, 140;
promoted over six Marshals, 145, 146;
takes command, 147;
head-quarters at Borny, 148;
unable to retreat over Moselle, protects retreat, 149;
slightly hurt at Colombey-Nouilly, 157;
retreat of Army, 159–168;
roused by cannonade, 171;
at Vionville, 175, 176, 177, 180, 185;
at Gravelotte, 188;
motives examined, 192;
military theory, 193;
retires to strong position, 193;
misjudgment of, 196;
battle of Gravelotte and retreat on Metz, 199–227;
incapable of retrieving previous errors, 228;
suspicions against, not justified, 229, 230;
leaves MacMahon free to act, 239;
anxiety to relieve, 240;
his fatal despatch, 241, 242, 252, 253;
in Metz, 276–278, 281, 282.

Bazeilles, village, 287;
terrible combats in, 293–306.

Beaumont, 251, 257;
5th Corps at, 261;
Failly reaches, 263–266;
Failly surprised at, 267–271;
retreat with running fight, 273;
Germans in front of, 274.

Beauclair, village, 258, 262.

Beaufort, 262.

Belgian frontier, the, 245;
French Army pressed against, 285, 292, 295, 296, 297.

Belgium, French, and Prussian proposals, 22;
French to be followed into, if not disarmed, 286, 297.

Belfort, 62, 64, 84, 93, 235, 236;
fortress untaken, Sept. 1st, 283.

Bellecroix, 141, 152, 160.

Belval, 261, 262, 267.

Benedetti, M. de, French Ambassador, and Bismarck, 10, 12, 19, 20, 21;
goes to Ems, 42;
interviews with King, 44–48.

Bennigsen, Herr von, asks question about Luxemburg, 26.

Berlin, 1, 2, 3;
political conflict in, 6, 8;
Council in, 9, 12;
King and Bismarck return to, 13;
King reaches, 52;
head-quarters still at, 69.

Bernecourt, 189.

Beust, Count von, Saxon Minister, makes proposals, 11;
as Austrian Chancellor, 33.

Bibesco, Prince Georges, cited, 62;
about Douay, 258;
Cuirassiers on flooded bridge, 274, 311;
description of Sedan, 321.

Bismarck, Count Otto von, chosen to advise the King, 3;
experience at St. Petersburg, 4;
dealings with Prussian Parliament, 4;
and Polish Insurrection, 1864, 8;
Convention of Gastein, 8;
and Parliament, 8;
and Austrian protection, 9;
and Benedetti, 10;
Nikolsburg, secret military treaties with S. German States, 14, 15;
foundation of German Unity, 16;
view of Napoleon III., 17, 18;
and Benedetti’s demand for left bank of Rhine, 20, 21;
and Belgium, 22;
and Luxemburg, 25;
prints Bavarian secret treaty, 25;
answers Bennigsen, 26;
retrospect on Luxemburg question, 29, 30;
with Moltke in Paris, 1867, 32;
utilizes Salzburg meeting to rouse German feeling, 34, 35;
desires to avoid war, 37;
publishes account of Ems meeting, 47;
meets King William at railway, 52;
saying to Benedetti on Napoleon’s dynasty, 134;
on King’s staff at Malmaison, 214;
seen by Dr. Russell at Bar le Duc, 255, 256;
former hunting in Ardennes, 266;
sends to German Minister at Brussels, 285;
described by Russell, 322;
influence on terms of settlement, 327–330;
meeting with Emperor, 331, 332.

Bismarck, Counts Herbert and William, 183.

Bitsche, fortress, commanding pass in the Vosges, 67, 70, 76, 93, 96,
97, 99, 114, 115, 116, 143;
still untaken Sept. 1st, 283.

Blumenthal, General von, at Woerth battle, 115, 234, 248;
carries Chantrenne farm, 200;
at Bar le Duc, in favour of northern march, 254, 255;
forecasts French fate, 255;
at conference of Chémery, 295;
with Crown Prince at Sedan, 322, 326.

Bois Chevalier, 300.

Bois les Dames, De Failly goes to, 259.

Bois de la Cusse, 195;
Hessians attack through, 202, 206;
fighting in, 219, 221.

Bois de la Garenne, 295, 306;
wandering battalions in, 312.

Bois de Genivaux, French in, 194, 196;
German attack on, 205;
French in, 206, 207, 211, 214.

Bois des Ognons (Vionville), 177, 185.

Bois de Vaux, 193, 194, 204;
attack from feared, 211, 218;
and forest of Jaumont, tract between, 228.

Bois de Vionville, 169, 171, 173.

Bois St. Arnould, 169, 171.

Bonie, Colonel, 313.

Bonnemain’s, General de, cavalry charge at Woerth, 112;
cavalry at Sedan, 296;
appeal to, by Ducrot, 313.

Bonnemain’s brigade to Les Grands Armoises, 258;
to Raucourt, 261.

Bonnemain’s division, 249, 251;
Cuirassiers crossing Meuse, 274.

Bordas, General, 249.

Bordes, Fort des (Metz), 150; 152.

Borny, 148, 149, 150, 152, 153, 155, 158, 160, 191.

Bose, General von, 104;
at Woerth, 110, 111, 113.

Boucheporn, 79.

Boulay, 139.

Boult-aux-Bois, 258, 259.

Bouillon, road to, northern exit from Sedan, 296, 306.

Bourbaki, General de, at Vionville, 185;
at Gravelotte, 214, 221, 223, 224, 225.

Bouzonville, 79.

Brahaut’s, General de, Cavalry, 234, 256, 262.

Brandenburg, Infantry at Vionville, 174, 179.

Bredow, General von, 163, 164;
at Vionville, his brilliant Cavalry charge, 178;
his brigade, 180.

Brême d’or, farmhouse, Germans take, 126.

Brieulles sur Bar, 251, 256.

Briey, 166, 187;
road to, 195;
Germans on roads by, 240, 246.

Brincourt, General, brigade of Guards at Colombey, 153;
brigade, 215.

Bruch-Mühle, 101, 102.

Bruville, 184;
French position after Vionville, 186;
outposts, 190.

Buchy, 143, 155.

Buddenbrock, General von, captures Vionville, 173.

Budritzky’s troops, 221.

Bülow, General von, with batteries at Vionville, 172.

Busch, Dr. Moritz, cited, on Sedan, 321, 323;
on Bismarck and the Emperor, 331, 333.

Buzancy, 245;
French in, 248, 249, 250;
German and French Cavalry skirmish, 256, 257, 259, 260, 264;
King William and staff watch Beaumont fight from, 269;
German head-quarters, 291.

Buxières, village, 171, 173.

Cadenbronn, 117.

Cambriels, infantry commander at Beaumont,
ordered back by MacMahon, 270.

Camp de Misère, le, in the loop of Meuse, 336.

Canrobert, Marshal, 68, 93;
at Chalons, 134, 135, 145;
on the Moselle, 148;
over Moselle, 149, 153;
halted at Rezonville, 161;
position before Vionville, 169;
his brigade recedes, 174;
recapture of Vionville and Flavigny, 177;
intrenching tools left at Chalons, 196;
evidence on patrols, Bazaine trial, 199;
his phrase about German “_tirailleurs d’artillerie_,” 201;
his cannon and infantry, 203;
extreme French right, 207;
outposts discovered, 210;
borrows from Ladmirault, 215;
looks for help from Bazaine, 223, 224;
retreat, 225;
to Metz, 226;
commands _Mobiles_, 236, 237, 278;
at Noisseville, 280, 281, 300.

Canrobert’s Corps, 141;
at Vionville, 180;
6th Corps, 195;
Cavalry, 233, 235.

Capitulation of Sedan, the text drawn up by
Head-Quarter Staff (German), 330.

Carignan, road to, eastern way out of Sedan, 296, 297;
Emperor vanishes from, 287;
Guard cavalry take, 291, 301, 303;
Wimpffen proposes to retreat on, 315.

Carling, Steinmetz at, 139.

Castagny, General de, misled (Spicheren), 129;
did his best but was too late, 130;
slightly hurt at Colombey-Nouilly, 157;
at Vernéville, 161.

Castelnau, Count, at Donchery, 326;
interposes, 329;
with Emperor, 331.

Causes of the war, summary of, 52, 53, 54.

Cavalry combat at Mars la Tour, 183, 184.

Cavalry, French, its traditions, charge at Woerth, 108;
movements of, 249;
positions at Sedan, 296;
charge at Sedan, 313, 314, 315.

Cavalry, German, over the Saar, 118;
at work, 139, 140, 141;
watchfulness of, 150;
activity beyond Moselle, 163, 164, 165;
movements, 247, 248, 250, 256, 257;
value of cavalry, 259;
close on French rear, 263;
operations of, 233, 234, 291.

Cazal, 310;
defended by Liébert, 315, 316;
Germans in, 317.

Cerçay, M. Router’s château of, papers found in, 21.

Chagny, 251, 257.

Chalons, reserve at, 64;
Canrobert still at, 93, 134, 135;
MacMahon and subordinates retire on, 136, 141, 143, 144;
railway to, 189;
roads towards, 192;
French Army driven to, 230, 232, 233;
camp at, 234, 235, 236;
new army, dangers of, 240, 244, 245;
camp, 247;
army of, 264.

Chamber, the French, sanctions war, 15;
speeches in, 246.

Chambière, Isle, 160, 278, 279.

Champenois, farm, garrisoned, 200, 202, 207;
stormed and taken, 211.

Changarnier, General, remarks on Bazaine’s reported words, 228.

Chantrenne, farm, musketry from, carried, 200;
Germans in, 202, 205, 207.

Charles, Prince Frederick, of Prussia, commanding Second Army, 69;
change of orders, 70;
on the march, 78, 79;
158, 165;
at Vionville, 170, 171;
arrives from Pont à Mousson, 179, 180;
and Voigts-Rhetz at Flavigny, 182;
188, 190;
general order issued to, 197;
instructs Manstein, 198;
rides to sound of battle at Gravelotte, 202, 203, 207, 219;
in command of investing Army, 231;
intercepts letter, 244;
278, 281.

Charles of Lorraine, Prince, in Prague, 229.

Charmes, 233.

Chassepot rifle, effect at Mentana, 36.

Château d’Aubigny, 151, 152, 280.

Château de Bellevue, German head-quarters, Emperor at,
Capitulation signed at, 335.

Château Salins, 140, 143.

Châtel St. Germain, 161;
deep defile, 195;
Guard at, 207.

Chaumont, 233;
railway station books, 234, 236.

Chémery, village, 143;
conference of Moltke and Generals, 295.

Chevreau, M. de, Minister of Interior, 233, 238.

Chieulles and Vany, 280, 281.

Chiers, the, 275, 287;
bridges on, 292;
passage over, 294.

Cissey, General de, at Colombey, 153, 155;
Vionville, 181;
brigades, 182;
Gravelotte, 220.

Clérambault, General de, at Vionville, 184.

Clermont in Argonne, 232, 254.

Cochery, M., 43.

Coffinières, General, Governor of Metz, 147, 148.

Cologne Gazette, Ems telegram published in, 47, 48.

Colombey, village, 150–157, 278.

Colombey-Nouilly, battle of, 150, 152–159;
with Vionville, and Gravelotte, battles, consequences of, 229.

Commercy, 232;
important French despatches captured, 233.

Conference project, Napoleon’s, 11, 12.

Conflans, 159, 164, 166, 191.

Conseil-Dumesnil, General, at Woerth, 99;
his men, 106;
his division, 266, 271.

Contenson, Colonel, killed in charge at Mouzon, 273.

Convention of Gastein, defined by Bismarck, 8.

Courcelles, 117;
Chaussy, 162;
Sur Nied, 162, 165.

Craushaar’s brigade, 211.

Crimean War, effect on relations of Russia and Prussia, 2.

Crown Prince of Prussia, Frederick William, commands Third Army, 69;
at Spires, 70;
leads advance, 76, 77;
at the Klingbach, 79;
on the Lauter, 84;
attacks Wissembourg, 86;
checks pursuit, 89;
position after, 91;
before Woerth, 96, 99;
August 6th, 103, 104, 115;
139, 159, 232, 241;
his Cavalry near the Aube, 247;
at Bar le Duc, 254, 255;
to Ste. Menehould, 259;
ordered to attack at Sedan, 285;
his operations, 292;
at Chémery, 294, 295, 297;
directs troops to Mézières road, 307;
his officers described by Russell, 322;
conference with King, 323.

Custines, village, 158.

Czar of Russia, the, more than friendly, 16;
his Eastern designs, 17.

Daigny, bridge at, over Givonne, 293;
Germans fall back at, 304;
succeed at, 305.

Damvillers, 246, 256;
plan of abandoned, 257.

David, M. Jérôme, 49, 81.

Decaen, General, commanding 3rd Corps, 136;
at French Centre, 148–151;
his four divisions at Colombey, 153;
mortally wounded, 157.

Declaration of War, 1, 52.

Delme, 143.

Despatches, important French, captured, 233.

Diet of Frankfort, 12.

Dieulouard, 141, 142, 143, 158, 163, 164, 189.

Doering, Major-General von, at Spicheren, 121;
killed at Vionville, 173.

Dombasle, 232, 254, 256.

Dom le Mesnil, 295, 307.

Donchery, failure to blow up bridge at, 289;
Germans prepare to pass Meuse at, 290, 293, 295, 300;
bridge, 307;
meeting of generals at, scene, 326, 327–330, 331, 336.

Doncourt, 177;
hills, 180.

Douay, General Abel, divisional commander, 84, 85;
killed at Wissembourg, 86, 87, 88.

Douay, General Félix, Chief of 7th Corps, 68, 131, 144;
movements of, 249, 250;
ordered to move on the Meuse, 258;
to cross it, “_coúte que coúte_,” 271, 274, 276;
occupies Floing and Illy, 290;
shelled, 308, 309;
Wimpffen and, 311, 312, 313, 316;
and the Capitulation, 319.

Douzy, village, Ducrot’s corps at, 286, 287;
Saxons pass, 291;
and hold bridge, 292.

Drouyn de Lhuys, M., Foreign Minister, 16‒20.

Ducrot, General, divisional commander, 84;
at Woerth, 98, 99, 106, 110;
begins to retire, 113;
complains of scarcity, 243;
276;
Emperor in camp of, 286;
urges Emperor to go to Sedan, 287;
fired into, 291;
holds the Givonne, 296;
takes command of Army, 300;
superseded by Wimpffen, 301, 302;
operations, 303, 304;
disputes, 311, 312;
appeal to cavalry, 313, 315, 316;
his description of interior of Sedan, 319;
altercation with Wimpffen, 316, 317, 325.

Dumont, General, division commander of Douay’s corps, 144;
sent after Bordas, 250;
at Beaumont, 271.

Dun, on the Meuse, 247, 257, 259, 262.

Dürrenbach, 107.

Duvernois, Clement, 49, 81.

Eberbach, village, 98, 106, 107, 108, 109, 110;
stream, 107, 110.

Elbe Duchies, the, taken from the Dane, 7.

Elsasshausen, French right, 98, 106, 107;
German attack on, 110, 111;
set on fire, 112.

Emperor. _See_ Napoleon.

Empress of the French, Eugénie, fatal conduct in politics, 81;
made Regent, 137, 235–239;
Napoleon’s telegram, 335.

England, irritated by Mexican adventure, 32.

Epinal, 131.

Erize la Petite, 254.

Etain, 165, 246.

Failly, de, General, commander of 5th Corps, 61, 73;
at Saarbrück, 74, 92;
fluctuating, 96, 97;
joins MacMahon after Woerth, 116;
Spicheren, 117;
halts, 131;
to Nancy, 134;
counter-ordered, 135, 138, 144;
troops, 233;
in twenty trains, 234;
movements, 256, 258, 259;
MacMahon’s despatches to, captured, 260, 261;
action at Nouart, 262, 263;
in the Ardennes, 266;
camp at Beaumont attacked, 268;
repels attack and retires, 269, 270, 273;
285, 288.

Failly, village, 278, 279, 280, 281.

Faulquemont, 139;
Emperor visited by Bazaine at, 140.

Faure, General, 252, 319;
at Donchery, 326.

Favre, M. Jules, 52, 81.

Fenestrange, 144.

Flanville, 280, 281.

Flavigny (Vionville), 171, 173;
taken by Germans, 174, 176.

Fleigneux, 306, 307, 309.

Flize, Würtembergers engage Vinoy’s outposts at, 293, 295.

Floing, north-west face of French position, at Sedan, 290, 296;
Germans in, 308, 309, 313.

Forbach, 79, 94, 117, 118, 119, 122, 123;
128, 129, 130, 137, 138, 139.

Forbacherberg, 126, 127.

Forton, General de, 163;
falls back on Vionville, 164, 168, 169;
want of patrols, 171;
returns cavalry charge, 178.

France, General de, 166, 183.

François, General von, at Spicheren, 122, 124.

Fransecky, General von, at Gravelotte, 204, 217.

Francheval, 287, 291, 300, 306.

Frederick II., the Great, his Manstein, 199;
compared, 229.

Frederick William IV., 2.

French Court, the, projects of, 21.

French, the, propose to move, 147;
unable to cross Moselle, 148, 149;
retreat after Colombey, 159;
surprised by artillery (Vionville), 170;
advance, 214;
counter-stroke at Floing, 310.

French prisoners sent to Germany, 336.

French Generals, examples of two fatal errors, 147;
meeting to consider Capitulation, 324, 325.

Frénois, German battery in, fires on Vinoy, 289;
batteries at, alarm French railway officials, 292;
batteries on, to give signal to renew, 323, 324.

Fresne, 165.

Froeschwiller, MacMahon’s position, 98, 102, 106, 107;
road to, 110; 112;
Raoult wounded at, 113;
captured, 114.

Frossard, General, at Saarbrück, 73, 74, 75;
takes position at Forbach, 93, 94;
on the Saar, 116–118;
disposition of troops, 120;
impressed, 123, 126;
retires, 128, 129, 130, 131, 134;
crosses Moselle, 148, 149, 153;
at Rezonville, 161;
failure of patrols, 168;
at Vionville, 169;
retreat, 175, 176;
field-works, 192, 195, 196;
outposts begin, Gravelotte, 197, 200;
strong position, 206–217;
reserves, 226;
at Noisseville, 279.

Frossard’s Corps, 159, 170, 171, 185, 194.

Furia Francese, 314.

Galgenberg, the (Spicheren), 120.

Galliffet, General de, charges at St. Menges, 308, 309;
charges with Chasseurs d’Afrique, 313.

Gambetta, M., speaks against war, 51, 81.

Garenne, the, 315.

Gayl, General von, turns Aymard out of Servigny, 280.

German military system considered—its risks, 97;
mobilization—Prussian, 56, 57;
S. German, 58.

Germans, movements of about Sedan, 290–295, 310.

German unity, foundation of, 14, 16.

General Staff, the Prussian, brain of the Army, 5.

Germonville, 256.

Gersdorf, Lieut.-Gen. von, 307.

George of Saxony, Prince, sent down the Orne, 208;
ordered to sweep round French right, 211.

Giffert Wald, the (Spicheren), 123–129.

Girard, General, killed in cavalry charge, 315.

Girardin, M. St. Marc, estimate of Napoleon, 18.

Givodeau, Wood of, 270.

Givonne, the stream, 287, 293, 295;
held by Lebrun’s and Ducrot’s corps, 296;
battle on the, 298–304;
in German hands, 310, 315–317.

Givonne, Fond de, and village, 295, 306–311.

Glablenz, Austrian Field-Marshal in Holstein, 12.

Glümer, Lieut.-General von, at Colombey, 153.

Gneisenau, Major-Gen. von, 74, 75, 76;
his brigade failed to surprise Thionville, 158, 159;
his brigade sent on by Goeben, 212.

Gnügge, Captain, his battery at St. Hubert, 213.

Goeben, General von, at Spicheren, supports Kameke, 121;
takes command, sends in reserves, 125;
at Gravelotte, attacks to employ French left, 205;
Steinmetz talks to, 212.

Goersdorf, 104.

Golz, Major-General Baron von, 129;
attacks French retreat, and begins Colombey-Nouilly battle, 150;
without orders, 152, 154, 155;
215, 218, 278.

Gondrecourt, General, 184, 225;
village, 232.

Gortschakoff, Prince, and the Treaty of Paris, 36.

Gorze, village, 169, 171, 177, 179, 185, 190.

Gothard, St., railway, a menace to France, 40.

Govone, General, Italian envoy to Berlin, 10, 11.

Goze, General, 91.

Gramont, Duc de, Minister for Foreign Affairs,
sends Benedetti to Ems, 42;
speech in Chamber, 43;
presses demands, 45;
46, 53, 54.

Gramont, General de, 170, 178.

Grand Pré, village, 243, 247, 248, 249, 250, 256, 264.

Granville, Lord, attempts at compromise, 47.

Gravelotte, French Army directed towards, 159;
169, 171, 177, 191;
battle-field described, 193, 194, 195;
French position, 196, 199;
204, 206;
German position, 206;
Goeben and Steinmetz at, 212;
darkness ends fight at St. Hubert, 217;
course of battle, 218–223;
numbers and losses on both sides, 226, 227;
229.

Gravelotte, Bazaine’s account of, 241.

Gravelotte, defile, road across, 212, 213.

Gravelotte, road from, to Verdun, 168, 169;
road out of Metz, 159.

Gravelotte battle, various names for, 228.

Great Staff, German, leaves Berlin with King, 70;
at Mainz, 77;
142, 188;
surprised at MacMahon’s eastward march, 244.

Grenier, General, his division, 149;
at Colombey, 153, 154;
at Vionville, 180, 181.

Greyère, farm, 181, 185, 186.

Grigy, 155.

Grimont, farm, 151;
Bazaine consults generals at, 277.

Grimont, Bois de, 279.

Grouchy, Le Capitaine Marquis de, despatches captured, 260.

Grossbliedersdorf, 79.

Guard, French, 215.

Guard, Prussian, and Saxon at Gravelotte, 209–227.

Guard, losses at St. Privat, 227.

Gueblange, 139.

Gunstett, Uhlans cross Sauer at, 91;
(Woerth), 100, 103, 106, 107, 109.

Habonville, 195, 202, 203, 206;
Guard at, 208, 210.

Hagenau, 84, 85, 89, 100, 115.

Ham, 79.

Hanover, King of, with Austria and the Bund, 9, 13.

Han sur Nied, 163.

Hapsburg-Lorraine, House of, 161.

Harricourt, 258.

Harskirchen, 139.

Hartmann, General Ritter von, at Woerth, 100, 102, 105, 106, 112;
cavalry, 212.

Hasse, Captain, Battery at St Hubert, 213.

Hatzfeldt, Count, 323.

Heiltz l’Evêque, 232.

Hellimer, 139.

Helmuth, Captain, 272, 273.

Helvig, Captain Hugo, on French position, 99.

Henry, Prince, Governor of Luxemburg, 24.

Herny, 143;
King and Staff at, 162.

Hesse Darmstadt, included in the Prussian military system, 14.

Hesse, Prince Louis of, Lieut.-General commanding
Hessian division, 72;
at Vionville, 186;
holds Bois de la Cusse, 202;
at Noisseville, 280.

Hesse, Grand Duke of, 72.

Hessians at Amanvillers, 220, 221.

Hochwald, 100, 113.

Hohenzollern, Candidature of Prince Leopold of,
for the crown of Spain, 41, 42;
withdrawn, 45.

Holland, King of, discloses the designs on Luxemburg, 25.

Holstein-Schleswig, 7.

Hungary and Austria, 10.

House of Belgian weaver, meeting of Napoleon and Bismarck, 332.

House of Commons, English, averse to war, 7.

Iges, peninsula on the Meuse, 295.

Illy, village, 287, 308, 312, 313.

Illy, Calvaire d’, 290;
French position, 295, 296, 306, 308, 310, 312;
Germans reach, 313.

Ingweiler, 115.

Investment of Bazaine, troops for, 230.

Iron Cross, The Order of the, restored, 70.

Isle Chambière, Ladmirault crossing at, 160.

Italian Kingdom created, 6.

Italy, Victor Emmanuel, King of, Napoleon appeals to, 160.

Jägers save railway viaduct, 294.

Jarny and Conflans, sounds of battle, 171;
road to, 197, 207.

Jaumont, Péchot retires to forest of, 224.

Jerusalem, farm, 208.

Joinville, 236.

Jolivet’s brigade, 120;
at Spicheren, 122;
at Vionville, 172, 176.

Juniville, 243.

Jurée, brook, 169, 177.

Jussy, village on Moselle, 195.

Kaiserslautern, 68, 76, 77, 79, 95.

Kameke, Lieut.-General von, at Spicheren, 121, 122, 124;
with Steinmetz, 191, 192.

Kedange, 277.

Kehl, bridge of, broken, 70.

Kirchbach, General von, 104, 105, 106, 113;
at Sedan, 307.

Kinglake, Mr., character of Napoleon, 133.

Kraatz, General von, at Vionville, 180, 181.

Kummer, General von, Landwehr reserve, 158, 230.

La Besace, village, 258, 261, 271, 274.

Ladmirault, General de, 93;
at Spicheren, 116–118, 134;
at Colombey, 148–162;
at Vionville, 180, 181, 184, 185;
at Gravelotte, 194, 215, 223;
at Noisseville, 278, 279.

Ladmirault’s Corps, 140, 177, 183, 199, 225, 226.

La Folie, farm, 194, 198, 200, 202, 207, 217, 225.

Lafont de Villiers, General, 173.

Laheycourt, 232.

Landstuhl, 95.

Langensalza, Battle of, 13.

La Moncelle, Saxons seize, 299, 300, 302;
brilliant French attack, 305;
Emperor near, 311.

Lapasset, General, at Saarguemines, 91;
brigade at Vionville, 171, 177, 185;
at St. Ruffine, 195;
contest with Golz, 215.

La Planchette, farm, 152.

Laquenexy, 281.

Lartigue, General, 84, 99;
at Woerth, 105–113;
at Sedan, 304, 305.

La Thibaudine, farm, 271.

Lauter, and Lauterbourg, lines of, 76, 77;
86, 87.

Lauvalliers, 151, 152, 154, 156.

La Vallières, stream, 151.

Laveaucoupet, General, at Spicheren, 120, 122, 128;
to be placed in Metz and Verdun, 137.

La Viré farm, Prince Augustus at, 306.

Lebach, 73, 75, 79, 95.

Lebœuf, Marshal, Chief of the Staff, 49–50, 59–62;
at Metz, 92, 116;
unfitness for command, 117;
136, 145, 161;
at Vionville, 169, 171, 177, 180, 181;
at Gravelotte, 205, 211, 215, 217, 225, 226;
228;
withdrawn from Noisseville, 279, 281.

Lebœuf’s Corps, 185, 194, 196.

Lebrun, General, 235, 243, 261, 270;
retreat on Sedan, 286, 287, 288–294;
at Bazeilles, 296–299, 301, 302;
at Givonne, 304, 311;
condemns Wimpffen’s efforts, 316, 317;
arrangements for Capitulation, 318, 319.

Lebrun’s Corps, 291, 293.

Le Chesne-Populeux, 243, 249;
MacMahon, head-quarters, 251, 257, 258;
263, 266.

Lee, General Robert, his saying on war, 223.

Legrand, General, at Mars la Tour, 183, 184.

Lehmann, Colonel, at Tronville, 176, 177.

Leipzig, farm, 194, 196, 207.

Lémoncourt, 143.

Le Mont de Brune, 272, 273.

L’Envie, farm, 202, 207.

Lespart, General Guyot de, 91;
at Woerth, 141, 262.

Les Etangs, 140, 142, 149.

Lessy, cross roads by, 159, 161.

Létanne, bridge constructed at, 291.

“Le Temps,” paragraph in, 246.

L’Hériller and Pellé’s Division, 302.

Liébert, General, 313, 315, 316.

Ligny, 232;
Great Staff and Crown Prince at, 245.

Loftus, Lord Augustus, 46.

Longeville, 241;
camp, 161.

Longuyon, 230.

Longstreet, General (United States), 255.

Lorencez, General de, at Colombey-Nouilly, 153, 155, 157, 162.

Lunéville, 144, 159, 162.

Luxemburg, negotiations, and question, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28.

Lavalette, Napoleon’s letter to, 20.

Mack, General, at Ulm, 229.

MacMahon, Marshal, assembling 1st Corps near Strasburg, 68;
scattered condition of command, 84, 85;
at Reichshofen, 89–99;
at Woerth, 109, 112, 114;
back on Sarrebourg, 116;
ordered to Chalons, 134, 135, 138, 144;
still at large, 231;
at Rhetel, 234;
at Chalons, 236, 237;
receives command of army, 238;
moves army to Reims, 240;
on the Aisne, 248;
turns from Stenay to Mouzon, 259;
will pass the Meuse, 265;
near Beaumont, 270, 271, 276, 284;
285;
directs retreat on Sedan, 286, 287;
relations to the Emperor, 288;
account of conduct, 297;
wounded, gives up command, 300;
wound a great misfortune, 303.

Magdeburg and Altmark regiments, losses, 178, 179.

Mainz, 65, 67, 69, 72, 77, 92.

Malancourt, 223, 281.

Malmaison, 177.

Malroy on Moselle, 278.

Manèque, General, mortally wounded at Noisseville, 281.

Mance, brook, 177, 191, 193, 194, 195;
gully, 205;
eastern, 207;
ravine, 214, 216, 217.

Manstein, General von, at Gravelotte, 198–204, 219, 220;
crosses Moselle, 280.

Manteuffel, General Baron von, at Berlin Council, 10;
makes Austrians retreat beyond Elbe, 12;
precaution, 150;
joins in at Colombey-Nouilly, 153, 155;
at Noisseville, 278, 280.

Marbache, 158;
-Custines, 163, 189.

Margueritte, General, 141, 235, 243, 249, 251, 258, 260,
261, 275, 287;
his cavalry, 296, 300, 307;
on the Calvaire d’Illy, 308, 309;
mortally wounded, 313.

Marines, French, in Bazeilles, 298, 305.

Marsal, 148, 232.

Marshals of France, three caged in Metz, 231.
_See_ Bazaine, Canrobert, Lebœuf.

Mars la Tour, French Army directed on, 159, 163, 164;
road from Gravelotte to Verdun passes, 168;
battle of Vionville, 170;
ravine, 181;
German Cavalry at, 183;
German guns hold on near, 183;
cavalry at, 186;
Germans occupy, 191, 197.

Mattstal, 98, 100, 102.

Maxau on the Rhine, 64.

Ménil sur Saulx, letters seized by German cavalry at, 233.

Mensdorff, Count, Austrian Foreign Minister, 9.

Mercy le Haut, or Mercy les Metz, 151, 278.

Metman, General, at Spicheren, 129, 130;
60, 161;
at Vionville, 177;
leaves Rezonville, 191.

Metz, 68, 76, 79, 82, 92, 93;
defences incomplete, 94;
disorder and consternation in, 131–135;
entire army moves back on, 136;
(Colombey battle), 151, 152;
excitement in, 159;
Bazaine’s army moves nearer to, 188;
shutting up in, not thought of, 190;
Bazaine’s theory about, 192;
French Army by, 193, 195, 197;
Steinmetz’s mistaken hope of driving French into, 212;
magnetism of stronghold like, 229, 230;
blockade of, 231, 239, 241, 242, 244–246;
two corps sent back to, 257;
army, 277;
military situation about, 282;
fortress, 283, 336.

Metz, road from, to Strasburg, 67;
from Mainz to, 67;
road at Spicheren, 128;
railway, 129;
roads out of, 159;
road to, 194;
and Montmédy road closed, 292.

Meurthe, valley of the, 144, 158, 232.

Meuse, the, 134, 136, 171, 189, 232;
MacMahon near, 234;
crossing at Stenay, 242, 246;
Verdun, 248, 249;
MacMahon’s army ordered to, 253;
Germans on, 256, 257, 260, 262;
French Corps on left bank, 263, 270, 271, 273;
dammed to fill Sedan ditches, 274;
280, 285, 286, 289;
passage at Mouzon held by Saxon Crown Prince, 292;
pontoon over, 294; 295;
loop of, 296;
roads near, 307.

Mexico expedition, 7.

Mey, village (Colombey-Nouilly), 151–156.

Mézières, route for Chalons, 242;
MacMahon to retreat on, 251–253, 255, 257;
French to be cut off from, 286;
retreat to, given up, 290, 295, 297, 301, 303;
road, 307.

Michel, General, unique telegram, 62;
at Woerth, 107, 108;
charges of his Cuirassiers, 109;
cavalry, 296.

Mitchell, M. Robert, 48, 50.

_Mobiles_, unfurnished with munitions, 132;
bad behaviour of, returned to Paris, 236;
reasons for, 238.

Mobilization, French, 59;
defects and difficulties, 60–63.

Mobilization, German, 2, 3, 57, 58, 59.

Moltke, General Baron von, Chief of the Staff, 3;
his work, 5, 6;
at Berlin Council, 10;
in 1868 frames plan of campaign in France, 37;
remark on declaration of war, 52;
plans, 65, 66;
disposition after Saarbrück, 76–78;
intentions before Woerth,96;
caution, 138;
142;
prepared for French on right bank, 158;
directs Second Army on Moselle, 162;
memorable instructions, 165;
judgment confirmed, 189, 190;
at Flavigny, 191;
orders on 17th, 197, 198;
keeps back Steinmetz at Gravelotte, 204;
207;
his main object, 216;
himself directs attack, 217;
original design of battle, 218;
estimate of Bazaine, 218;
starts for Paris, 232, 234;
Bazaine’s despatch, 242;
arrangements to meet French move, 244–246, 254, 256, 257,
259, 260, 264;
sanctions bombardment of Strasburg, 283, 284;
294;
at Conference of Chémery, 295;
quickens operations, 297;
302, 307;
with the King, looking on Sedan, described by Russell, 321;
designated by King, suspends hostilities, 323;
meets the French Generals at Donchery, 325–330;
goes to King at Vendresse, 332.

Montaigu, General, wounded and prisoner, 184.

Montauban, General. _See_ Palikao, Comte de.

Montaudon, General, 94;
at Spicheren, 117, 129;
137;
at Colombey, 153, 155;
at Vionville, 177;
near Rezonville, 185.

Montfaucon, 256, 257.

Monthois, 264.

Montigny la Grange, 195, 198;
held by French, 225, 226.

Montimont, 307.

Montluisant, Colonel, 224, 225.

Montmédy, 242, 246, 276, 277, 286.

Montois, 223.

Montoy, 151, 152, 154.

Montpayroux, M. Guyot de, illustrates French feeling, 51.

Monvillers Park, Bazeilles, 298;
combats in, 299, 305, 306.

Morsbronn, 106, 107.

Moscow, farm, French position, 194, 205, 206, 207, 213;
every attempt on, repulsed, 214;
Lebœuf in, 217.

Moselle, river, 92, 134, 135, 136, 139, 141;
German advance on, 142;
Borny on, 143, 144;
French get over, 146, 147;
in flood, 148, 149;
Colombey, 150, 151, 153;
possible French advance up right bank, 158;
retreat on, 159;
fog on, 161;
Second Army sent over, 162, 163, 169;
valley, 179;
crossed at Marbache, 189, 190;
near Ars, 193;
below Metz, 194;
crossed at Borny, 204;
Germans on left bank of, 230, 231, 278, 280, 281.

Mouzon, 260, 261, 263, 269, 270, 272;
Cuirassiers charge at, 273;
Germans at, 274;
MacMahon at, 286;
rout at, described to Emperor, 287;
Germans take, 291.

Moyœuvre, forest of, 218.

Murat, Prince, followed by Redern, 164;
his dragoons bolt, 170.

Nancy, 134, 139;
Uhlans ride into, 141, 144, 159, 163.

Napoleon I., the Great, cavalry traditions of, 165;
his genius required, 193;
on competence of captains for large command, 229.

Napoleon III., Louis, declares war on Prussia, 1;
his policy and position in Europe previous to the war, 2–20;
attempt on Luxemburg, 22, 23;
Russian alliance, Paris exhibition, 31;
death of Maximilian, 32;
at Salzburg, 33, 34;
suspects military treaties, 35;
seeks allies, 36;
fears for the dynasty, 49;
resolves on war, 50;
declares war, 52;
head-quarters at Metz, 64, 72;
takes command, 73;
Saarbrück, 74;
incapacity at Metz, 82, 92, 93;
Spicheren, 116, 117;
confusion, 132;
character unaltered from 1836, 133, 134;
despatch to Paris, 135;
resigns command, 136;
138, 140, 145;
fails to press retreat over Moselle, 146, 147;
at Longeville, 159;
appeal to Austria and Italy, 160;
at and after Gravelotte, 161, 162, 166, 167;
and Lebœuf, 228;
229, 231;
at Chalons and Reims, 235–242;
interview with MacMahon, 251;
military judgment correct, 253;
in Ducrot’s camp, 286, 287;
refuses to retire to Sedan, yet goes, 287;
enters Sedan, 288;
refuses to leave, 289;
and Des Sesmaisons, 290;
notices retreat, 301;
rides out early to see battle, sees MacMahon
and goes under fire, 311;
and Wimpffen, 316;
and his generals, 317, 318;
hopes to appeal to the King, 318;
Capitulation arranged with generals, 319, 320;
letter to King, 322;
awaiting reply, 324;
Wimpffen quarrels before him, 325;
he surrenders, leaves Sedan, meets Bismarck, 331–333;
meets King and Crown Prince, telegraphs to Empress, 335;
departs for Wilhelmshöhe, hears of Paris Revolution, 337;
reflections, 338.

Napoleon, Louis, Prince Imperial, baptism of fire, 73, 74;
with Emperor, 161, 166;
at Chalons, 237;
sent off, 239.

Napoleon, Prince Jérôme, 41;
with Emperor at Chalons, 236;
supports Trochu, suggests abdication, 237.

Needle gun, the, 7.

Neehwiller, 98, 113, 114.

Nehrdorff, General, withdraws Saxons, 210.

Neufchâteau, 233.

Neunkirchen, 79.

Nice and Savoy ceded to France, 6.

Nied, the French, 135;
German, 136;
140, 142, 143.

Niederbronn, 70;
(Woerth), 113, 114.

Niederwald, the, 107, 108, 109, 111.

Nikolsburg, Treaty of, 13, 14, 16.

Noisseville, 154, 155, 156;
battle of, 277–279;
Manteuffel attacks, 280;
contest for, 281.

Nomény, 140.

Nostitz, Count, at Donchery meeting, 326.

Nouart, 256, 258–264, 267.

Nouilly, 148, 151, 156.

Novéant, 163, 177.

Oches, 249, 260, 261, 263, 265;
MacMahon at, 266;
Crown Prince at, 269.

Ollivier, M. Emile, pacific remarks, 43;
thinks quarrel ended, 48;
political position, prophetic words, 50;
goes to war “_à cœur leger_,” 51;
81;
Ministry turned out, 137.

Olly, Germans occupy, 309.

Olozaga, Spanish Ambassador, 45.

Orcet, Captain d’, and Donchery meeting, 326, 327, 328.

Ornain, the river, 232, 284.

Orne, the river, 193, 195, 208;
cantonments on, 246.

Operations, German and French, August 29th, 259, 260, 261.

Palatinate, the, possible irruption into, 70.

Pagny, 163.

Palikao, Comte de, General, Montauban, 81, 137;
made by Empress Minister of War, 235;
collects new army, 235;
telegram to, from Emperor, 239;
views, 240, 242;
responsible for disaster, 251;
insists on help for Bazaine, 252, 253;
utter ignorance of situation, 254, 276;
and Wimpffen, 288, 324, 336.

Pallières, General Martin des, 298.

Pange, French position, 136, 140, 142, 143, 149, 152.

Pape, Major-General von, 203;
Guard prepared to attack St. Marie, 208, 209;
at St. Marie, 219, 220;
his Guards’ attack on St. Privat, 222.

Paradol, Prévost, view of the war, and suicide, 54, 55.

Paris, remonstrances from, 135;
and Parisians, 146;
army of the Rhine facing, 193;
placed in state of defence, 233;
fears of uncovering, 240;
newspaper informs Moltke, 245;
road to, 246;
orders from, to MacMahon, 252, 253;
ready for revolution, 285;
Wimpffen at, 287.

Parliament, Prussian, opposition to army reform, 4.

Péchot, General, falls on Saxons, 210;
“valiant officer” attempts to stop enemy, 224.

Pellé, General, takes command on Douay’s death, 88;
at Woerth, 99.

Pestel, Colonel von, at Saarbrück, 73.

Pfaffenwald, the, 125.

Pfordten, von der, Bavarian Minister, signs secret treaty, 14.

Phalsbourg, 115, 143, 144;
French fortress untaken, 283.

Pietri, M., telegraphs to Empress, 238.

Pirmasens, 69, 77, 86.

Plappeville, fort, 194;
Guard at, 195;
guns not heard at, 214, 215.

Podbielski, General von, 245, 246;
at conference of Cheméry, 295;
with King William, 321;
at Donchery meeting, 326.

Point du Jour farm, 191, 194;
quarries below, 205;
burnt, 206, 207;
Steinmetz hopes to capture, 212;
repulses attack, 214;
attempts to storm, 217.

Poix, 156;
German guns at, 279, 293.

Pommérieux, 165.

Pont à Mousson, 141, 142, 143;
Prince Frederick Charles at, 158;
163, 171;
Royal head-quarters, 189;
Moltke starts for, 197;
Moltke at, 283.

Porru au Bois, Prussian Guard in, 292.

Possesse, 232.

Pouilly, Germans at, 275;
bridge constructed, 291.

Preuil, General du, at Vionville, 175.

Preuschdorf, 104.

Provisions, French scarcity of, 243.

Prussia, King of. _See_ William I.

Prussian Army, now German, characteristics of, 5, 6;
victories in Denmark with needle-gun, 7;
augmented, 8;
mobilizing, 11, 12;
enters Austria, fights Sadowa, 13.

Prusso-Italian Alliance, 10.

Puttelange, Castagny marches to, 129;
French generals assemble at, 130.

Puxieux, 163, 164.

Quarries of Amanvillers and St. Hubert, 192, 205, 217, 218.

Quatre Champs, 258.

Queleu, Fort, Metz, 141, 148.