Chapter VIII: To End of Book (2)

He was born at Strasburg, January 6, 1833, and came to Paris while very young, where he received his education. He began his work as an artist in boyhood, furnishing designs at first for cheap illustrated books and papers. When he was about fifteen years of age, some of his pen and ink sketches and paintings were put on exhibition at the Salon. Not long after he had gained a reputation and did not want for abundance of remunerative employment.

Doré was designer, painter, etcher, and sculptor, all. It is said that he made nearly 50,000 different designs during his life; and some one has estimated that all his works of different kinds, placed in line, would reach from Paris to Lyons.

It was as a designer that he was most successful and popular. His illustrations of “The Wandering Jew”—first published in 1856—made him famous the world over. It is the judgment of critics that these illustrations he never excelled. He began at his best, it has been remarked. Some of his first important works were equal to any he ever executed. Among other books which he illustrated, may be mentioned, Rabelais, Montaigne’s “Journal,” Taine’s “_Voyage aux Pyrenees_,” Dante’s works, Chateaubriand’s “Atala,” “Don Quixote,” “Paradise Lost,” the Bible, Tennyson’s “Idyls of the King,” La Fontaine’s “Fables,” and Coleridge’s “Ancient Mariner.” For some time before his death he was engaged in illustrating Shakspere, and it is understood that Harper and Brothers will shortly issue an edition of Poe’s “Raven,” with illustrations of his designing. Among Doré’s many paintings, his “Christ leaving the Prætorium”—which measures thirty feet by twenty—and “Entrance of Christ into Jerusalem”—also a colossal picture—are perhaps the most celebrated. Of the latter it has been said that over it “the critics smiled and Christians wept.” Other of his well-known pictures are “The Triumph of Christianity,” “The Neophyte,” “The Gambling Hall at Baden-Baden,” and “The Rebel Angels Cast Down.”

Doré was the most popular of modern designers. His illustrations, original, weird, grotesque, have gone all over the world. They are found in every library. The people enjoyed his work, and publishers eagerly sought it. He believed in himself, labored hard for wealth and fame, and was very successful. Like many artists, he struggled with poverty at the first, but the time came when all luxury was his to command and his name was a household word in every land. It mattered little to him what the work was upon which he employed his powers, if it only brought returns in money and applause. We see him at one time illustrating the filthy “_Contes Drolatiques_” and at another the Holy Bible. But a true estimate of this man of splendid gifts and wonderful versatility does not put him in the rank of great artists. Perhaps, if in quantity his work had been less, in quality it would have been better. He succeeded in the beginning, and that may have been unfortunate. He was always very well satisfied with his work, and he failed to improve upon himself. Those who study him in his works see possibilities in him which were never realized. He produced nothing great in art which will live as a monument to his genius. A great painting was what he always intended to execute, but he died with the purpose unfulfilled. The contrast between Millet and Doré has been remarked. The former was devoted to art from motives high and noble, while the other’s devotion was for the sake of what he could make art pay him in money and fame. He gained his ends, but it was in his power to do better, and his career after all was not a success.

Personally Doré was frank and simple, and at times—with his intimate friends—full of geniality. He had no affectation, and was as ready as a child to speak his mind about himself or others. He was sensitive to criticism, but the opinion of others never changed his own good opinion of himself. He was a man of moods. He said of himself that sometimes he was mastered by a demon. He had fits of melancholy and gloom which nothing could banish. But at other times no one was more delightful as a companion. He never married, but lived at his mother’s house in the Rue St. Dominique, St. Germain. Here he had a small studio, but in the Rue Bayard he had another larger one which perhaps was the finest in Paris. Among his many accomplishments was that of music. He sang well, and played on a number of musical instruments. He was not a society man, and spent but little time away from home. His passion was for work, and with this thirty-five years of his life were well filled. Early and late he labored, and with astonishing rapidity. But his last picture is painted, his last design made; and the things unseen and eternal, in picturing which his pencil was sometimes employed, have now become to him things seen and known.

EDITOR’S NOTE-BOOK.

John Bright’s sister, Mrs. Margaret B. Lucas, said at a temperance meeting that women are the greatest sufferers by drink, and the hardest to convince as to the necessity of total abstinence.

* * * * *

The business interests of the Hotel Athenæum, at Chautauqua, will receive special attention among Southern people from Mr. A. K. Warren, who is, with his wife, visiting a number of Southern States during February and March.

* * * * *

The New York _Herald_ speaks of official titles in this way: “Governor Pattison, of Pennsylvania, is reported as requesting that the title ‘His Excellency’ may be discontinued in his instance, it being a mere title of courtesy without legal sanction. The governor is correct. There is but one State in the Union which has established titles by law for its chief executive officers. That is the State of Massachusetts, whose constitution was adopted several years prior to the framing of the Constitution of the United States, and provides that the governor shall be entitled ‘His Excellency,’ and the lieutenant-governor ‘His Honor.’”

* * * * *

Prof. A. Lalande, teacher of French in the Chautauqua School of Languages, is ready to furnish any person by correspondence with any information they desire about the department of French in the Chautauqua School, how to begin French, how to study at home, what books to read, etc. His address is 1014 Second Street, Louisville, Ky.

* * * * *

A friend in Canada writes: “Tell the readers of your magazine that New Brunswick and Nova Scotia have formed a part of Canada ever since July 1, 1877, and that they are not separate provinces.”

* * * * *

In this number of THE CHAUTAUQUAN we commence to publish a series of C. L. S. C. songs set to music. They may be used to enliven the sessions of local circles, and in the home their weird strains will carry the lovers of music in memory to the shores of our much-loved Chautauqua Lake.

* * * * *

The required readings in “English Literature,” for March, will be found on pages 317 and 318 of this number of THE CHAUTAUQUAN. “Practice and Habit,” by John Locke; “Thoughts and Aphorisms,” by Jonathan Swift. In the introductory note, the types say “English History”—it should be _English Literature_. The readings on Astronomy, page 319, “The Comet That Came But Once,” is a very fine article by E. W. Maunder.

* * * * *

The widow of General “Stonewall” Jackson and her daughter, a young lady of nineteen, now reside at Cleveland, O. Mrs. Jackson left the South because she was there compelled to mingle with society, and could not find the retirement and rest that her health demanded.

* * * * *

The _Guardian_, an English religious journal, publishes the following lines “On Bishop Benson’s Elevation” to the see of Canterbury. They are signed Charles Wordsworth, Bishop of St. Andrew’s:

As Abram’s name to Abraham,
In earnest of undying fame,
Was changed by voice from heaven,
So, raised to the Primatial Throne,
May Benson turn to _Benison_,
Proclaim henceforth in richest boon
_Blessing_ received and given.

* * * * *

The latest attempt to organize a Sunday-school Assembly is in the Southern States. The place is Monteagle, in Grundy county, Tennessee, on the top of Cumberland Mountain. The association own one hundred acres of land which is now being laid out by a competent landscape gardener. The Monteagle Hotel, with accommodations for five hundred guests, adjoins the grounds. The Assembly has been chartered under the laws of the State of Tennessee. The board of management, with R. B. Peppard, Esq., of Georgia, as president, and Rev. J. H. Warren, of Tennessee, as chairman of the executive committee, propose to hold their first assembly about the middle of next July.

* * * * *

Women are to be employed as clerks in the French post-offices, beginning their operations in the Money-order Department.

* * * * *

“Whether we like the fact or not,” says an English journalist, “a very large number of women have now to make their own way in life; and surely it is only fair that if they must compete with men, they shall receive in youth the kind of instruction which will prepare them for their future struggles.”

* * * * *

A Washington correspondent of a New York paper makes this interesting comment on two prominent men: “One of the quaintest friendships in Washington is that between Generals Sherman and Johnston. The two Generals hob-nob most amicably. ‘And when I was pursuing Joe Johnston, sir, through Georgia,’ says Sherman, whacking the table, ‘he made me pursue him on his own tactics, sir!’ General Johnston is a handsome man, with the old campaigner cropping out all over him. He has a trim military figure, and a smart military moustache, and a quick military walk, and a very military comprehension of the necessity of being on time on all occasions.”

* * * * *

The following note explains itself: “Philadelphia, Pa.—I regret to announce that the positive order of my physician to abandon for the present all literary work, forces me reluctantly to discontinue my “Journey Around the World” with my Chautauqua friends. With assurances that I shall miss my monthly visit to your columns, and best wishes for all the good work so nobly forwarded by your magazine, I remain, very cordially yours, Mary Lowe Dickinson.”

* * * * *

Prof. W. F. Sherwin, of Cincinnati, tarried with us an hour recently, when we found him in a very hopeful frame of mind concerning the future of Chautauqua. We gleaned the following from his conversation about the musical part of the Chautauqua program for 1883: Chautauqua College of Music Scheme for 1883: Musical Directors, Prof. W. F. Sherwin, Cincinnati, O.; Prof. C. C. Case, Akron, O. Departments: (1) Grand chorus, (2) Special class in English glees and madrigals, (3) Harmony, (4) Voice culture, (5) Elementary singing-school, (6) Children’s class. Directors in charge: July 14 to 22, W. F. Sherwin; July 22 to August 6, C. C. Case; August 7 to 18, W. F. Sherwin; August 19 to close of Assembly, C. C. Case. There will be occasional lectures and “conversations” upon various topics of practical interest, and the usual number of concerts, matinees, organ recitals, etc. Prof. Davis, of Oberlin College, is engaged as organist, and he will be ably assisted in the instrumental department. There will be a quartette of eminent soloists whose names will be announced in due time. Arrangements are in progress for a Reading Circle which shall be to musical people what the C. L. S. C. is to general literature. The details of this are being arranged by Prof. E. E. Ayres, of Richmond, Va., and will be published when complete. On the whole it looks as if the Musical Directors were determined to make that department superior to what it has ever been in the past, and we hope that musical people will sustain their efforts.

* * * * *

There will be a total eclipse of the sun on the 6th of May. The astronomers are making arrangements to observe it on two little islands in the South Pacific Ocean. An expedition is to be sent from this country to one of these islands, and French and English astronomers will also go there. The principal objects are to obtain further knowledge of the strange surroundings of the sun, which are ordinarily hidden in the overpowering blaze of his central globe, and to search for the planets which are supposed to exist between Mercury and the sun. The total eclipse will last nearly six minutes. Unfortunately, the total phase can be observed only from two little islands in the South Pacific Ocean.

* * * * *

It is reported that Dr. Benson, the elect-Archbishop of Canterbury, recently had a long interview with General Booth, the leader of the Salvation Army, and expressed himself as being in sympathy with that organization. “Go on,” he said; “do all the good you can; get at the people. We rejoice, only we would like it to be done somehow or other in harmony and in unison with the Church of England.”

* * * * *

In the list of C. L. S. C. graduates which appeared in THE CHAUTAUQUAN for February, the name of the Rev. Caleb A. Malmsbury appears among the names from Ohio. It should have been in the New Jersey column. Mary Maddock, of Ohio, whose name did not appear in February, graduated with honor; and the name of Mary E. W. Olmsted was among the honored ones from Colorado. Her name should be in the Ohio column. What a State Ohio is, in education, civil government, etc!

* * * * *

Maria Louise Henry, in a recent number of _The Atlantic Monthly_, philosophizes on the works of Thackeray and George Eliot in this way: “Thackeray had no real desire to make men permanently dissatisfied with themselves, or the world. He held that the world was not a bad place to be born into, provided one learned what not to expect from it, and could find a way to accommodate one’s self to one’s place in it.” Speaking of George Eliot: “Her creed is a kind of modern stoicism, or stoicism plus certain modern ideas. It must be admitted that such a creed has in it much of truth and nobleness. The only life worth living is the life toward self, of infinite aspiration, and toward others of infinitely active compassion. She will not allow, with Thackeray, that we can strike an average of goodness, and make ourselves content with that.”

* * * * *

For seven hundred years Lambeth Palace has been the London residence of the Archbishop of Canterbury. It is surrounded by ten acres of beautiful grounds, to which the poor of the neighborhood are admitted in large numbers by free season tickets, good throughout the year.

* * * * *

The four monograms on the C. L. S. C. diploma represent the four grades of the C. L. S. C. First, the S. H. G., the “Society of the Hall in the Grove,” made up of all graduates who, having completed the four years’ course of reading, receive a diploma; second, the O. W. S., the “Order of the White Seal,” to which all belong who have on their diplomas four white seals, or white crystal seals; third, the L. T. R., the “League of the Round Table;” all members who have on their diplomas seven seals, whether white, white crystal, or special, become members of the “League of the Round Table.” All who add to these seven, seven more seals, become members of the G. S. S., the “Guild of the Seven Seals,” which is the highest grade in the C. L. S. C., and which is divided into degrees according to the number of additional seals.

* * * * *

Mr. W. W. Corcoran, of Washington, D. C., has made arrangements to bring the remains of John Howard Payne to America. He died in Tunis, in Northern Africa. How appropriate this kind deed of Mr. Corcoran, when we remember that Mr. Payne was the author of that beautiful song, “Home, Sweet Home.”

* * * * *

The Rev. Dr. Vincent has engaged a number of eminent educators, preachers and lecturers for the Chautauqua program in 1883. Among them are Joseph Cook, A. G. Haygood, D.D., C. N. Sims, D.D., Judge A. Tourgee, Prof. J. T. Edwards, D.D., Lyman Abbott, D.D., President Seelye of Amherst, President Angell of Ann Arbor, President Cummings of Evanston, Ill., President Payne of Delaware, O., President W. F. Warren of Boston, Hon. Will Cumback, Bishop H. W. Warren, Anthony Comstock, Rev. Dr. J. M. Buckley, Rev. Dr. W. F. Mallalieu, Prof. Cummock, Prof. W. C. Richards, Dr. J. S. Jewell, Miss Frances E. Willard. There will be a school of cookery in July by Mrs. Emma P. Ewing and Miss Susan G. Blow of St. Louis, Mo.

* * * * *

The members of the Class of ’82, living in the vicinity of Cincinnati, _i. e._, in Southeastern Indiana, Northern Kentucky, and Southwestern Ohio, who wish to join, or receive information concerning the C. L. S. C. Alumnal Association, lately organized in Cincinnati, will please send their names and addresses to the president of the association, Mr. John G. O’Connell, 503 Eastern Avenue, Cincinnati, or the secretary, Miss Mary Grafing, 215 West Front Street, Cincinnati. The next meeting of the graduates will be held in March, and a very pleasant time is anticipated.

* * * * *

Two eminent men died in February: The Hon. Marshall Jewell, of Connecticut. He had been governor of his State and Postmaster General. The Hon. William E. Dodge (whose son is married to a daughter of Mr. Jewell) died on the 11th of February. At his funeral the venerable Dr. Mark Hopkins paid this tribute to his memory: “I have no statistics at hand showing what are the gifts of the princes of Europe for charitable objects. So far as I know the gifts of our late friend were greater than those of princes, not only in money, but in personal devotion. Judged by the standard of service to God and his fellow man, William E. Dodge was more than a prince among men.”

* * * * *

“The Revival and After the Revival.” This is a timely book. It is designed for people who do not believe in revivals, for ministers and laymen, young and old. The author, Rev. Dr. J. H. Vincent, has taken the only tenable ground for the Church to hold on revivals. He discusses revivals on all sides, from all standpoints, in this little volume of seventy-four pages. The æsthetic, and those who are indifferent to the demands of good taste in revivals should read it. Its circulation will tend to make revivals a more permanent blessing to the Church. Send for a copy to the publishers, Phillips & Hunt, 805 Broadway, New York.

* * * * *

There is a local circle of _deaf-mutes_ in Jacksonville, Ill. The exercises are conducted by spelling on the fingers. Mr. Frank Read, editor of the _Deaf Mute Advance_, kindly sent us the report of this circle, which will be found among “Local Circles.” If these fellow-Chautauquans conduct their circle and make it interesting and profitable without voice or hearing, should not thousands of others who are reading the same course with them, find the sense of hearing and the use of nature’s language invaluable helps in doing the work? In our sanctum we wave our friends in Jacksonville a _genuine Chautauqua salute_, and bid them “God speed!”

* * * * *

It was a new _role_ for the Rev. Dr. Talmage to be the chief figure in a theatrical poster on bill-boards last month in Brooklyn, N. Y. It is gratifying that the hand of _Justice_ removed the caricatures, and put an injunction on the managers and prevented the performance. Caricaturing good men and Christian ministers is an old habit of artists. In 1517 Martin Luther was represented by a German caricaturist in a miserable picture, entitled “Luther Inspired by Satan;” and John Calvin was caricatured as being tied with ropes to a pillar and branded with an iron lily on the shoulder; the name of the picture was “Calvin Branded.” This picture was scattered all over France. Dr. Talmage is in good company, even if he is caricatured more than any other clergyman in America. “Blessed are ye when men shall reproach you, and persecute you, and say all manner of evil against you falsely for my sake,” said Jesus Christ.

EDITOR’S TABLE.

[We solicit questions of interest to the readers of THE
CHAUTAUQUAN to be answered in this department. Our space
does not always allow us to answer as rapidly as questions
reach us. Any relevant question will receive an answer in
its turn.]

Q. Who was Achilles?

A. Achilles was the hero of Homer’s Iliad, the son of Peleus, King of Thessaly, and the sea-nymph, Thetis. The poets feigned that his mother dipped him into the river Styx to render him invulnerable, and that he was vulnerable only in the heel by which she held him. He was killed by Paris, or, as some say, by Apollo, who shot him in the heel.

Q. Is the cat considered, by scientific men, as a domestic animal?

A. Cat is the general name for animals of the genus _felis_, which comprises about fifty different species. The domestic cat is one of these species, and is generally believed to have sprung from the Egyptian cat, a native of the north of Africa. This seems to be the only species that is generally employed in household economy.

Q. Will THE CHAUTAUQUAN please recommend a dictionary that would be a help in pronouncing words found in the “History of Greece?”

A. Lippincott’s Pronouncing Biographical Dictionary would be of service. It is published by Lippincott & Co., Philadelphia.

Q. Will THE CHAUTAUQUAN please tell me where I can obtain photographs of the works of the old masters of art, cabinet size?

A. By sending a six-cent stamp to the Soule Photograph Co., (successors to John P. Soule), 338 Washington street, Boston, Mass., a catalogue may be obtained of three thousand seven hundred subjects of unmounted photographs of ancient and modern works of art, embracing reproductions of famous paintings, sculpture and architecture.

Q. What is the meaning and origin of “red-letter day?”

A. In almanacs holidays and saints’ days are printed in red ink, other days in black. Any day to be recalled with pleasure, or a lucky day, may be styled a “red-letter day.”

Q. In addition to the C. L. S. C. course for this year I have taken the White Seal course. Where shall I send for my examination papers?

A. To Miss K. F. Kimball, Plainfield, N. J.

Q. In Wheatland’s History it is stated that Pompeii and and Herculaneum were Greek cities. Were they not Roman?

A. They were both Roman cities, situated in Southern Italy at the base of Mt. Vesuvius.

Q. Will THE CHAUTAUQUAN please give a little information concerning geodes? I can only find a mere definition in the dictionaries at my command.

A. A geode is a hollow shell of stone, usually quartz, lined with crystals pointing toward the center. These crystals are generally of amethystine quartz, agate or chalcedony. Besides quartz crystals, others of calcareous spar are sometimes found in the cavities of geodes. Some of the most remarkable specimens of quartz geodes are found loose in the low stages of water in the rapids of the Upper Mississippi river. On the outside they are rough and unsightly, of a light brown color and of all sizes up to fifteen inches in diameter.

Q. In the November _Chautauquan_ Whittier is credited with the authorship of the lines beginning “Ah, what would the world be to us if the children were no more?” Is not that a mistake?

A. Yes. The lines were written by Longfellow.

Q. Will the Editor’s Table please tell where is the nearest local circle to Racine?

A. Ask Miss Kate F. Kimball, Plainfield, N. J., for the information.

Q. I have long wished to know the difference between Mahomet and Mohammed, will the CHAUTAUQUAN please tell me?

A. Two forms of the same name—the former the French, the latter the German form.

OUR DAILY BREAD.

Heavy and sour bread or biscuit have a vast influence through the digestive organs upon the measure of health we enjoy. How important to our present happiness and future usefulness the blessing of good health and a sound constitution are, we can only realize when we have lost them, and when it is too late to repair the damage. And yet, notwithstanding these facts, thousands of persons in our own city daily jeopardize not only their health, but their lives, and the healths and lives of others, by using articles in the preparation of their food, the purity and healthfulness of which they know nothing. Perhaps a few cents may have been saved, or it may have been more convenient to obtain the articles used, and the housekeeper takes the responsibility and possibly will never know the mischief that has been wrought. _Pater familias_ may have spells of headache, Johnny may lose his appetite, Susie may look pale; if so, the true cause is rarely suspected. The weather, the lack of out door air, or some other cause, is given, and the unwholesome, poisonous system of adulterated food goes on. Next to the flour, which should be made of good, sound wheat and not ground too fine, the yeast or baking powder, which furnishes the rising properties, is of the greatest importance, and of the two we prefer baking powder, and _always use the Royal_, as we thereby retain the original properties of the wheat, no fermentation taking place. The action of the Royal Baking Powder upon the dough is simply to swell it and form little cells through every part. These cells are filled with carbonic acid gas, which passes off during the process of baking.

The Royal is made from pure grape acid, and it is the action of this acid upon highly carbonized bicarbonate of soda that generates the gas alluded to; and these ingredients are so pure and so perfectly fitted, tested and adapted to each other, that the action is mild and permanent, and is continued during the whole time of baking, and no residue of poisonous ingredients remains to undermine the health, no heavy biscuits, no sour bread, but if directions are followed every article prepared with the Royal Baking Powder will be found sweet and wholesome.

THE CHAUTAUQUAN.

THE THIRD VOLUME BEGINS WITH OCTOBER, 1882.

It is a monthly magazine, ten numbers in the volume, beginning with October and closing with July of each year.

=THE CHAUTAUQUAN=

is the official organ of the Chautauqua Literary and Scientific Circle, adopted by the Rev. J. H. Vincent, D. D., Lewis Miller. Esq., and Lyman Abbott, D. D., Bishop H. W. Warren, D. D., Prof. W. C. Wilkinson, D. D., and Rev. J. M. Gibson, D.D., Counselors of the C. L. S. C.

=THE CURRENT VOLUME WILL CONTAIN
MORE THAN HALF THE REQUIRED
READINGS FOR
THE C. L. S. C.=

That brilliant writer, Mrs. May Lowe Dickinson, will take the C. L. S. C. on a “TOUR ROUND THE WORLD,” in nine articles, which will begin in the November number.

Rev. Dr. J. H. Vincent will prepare Sunday Readings for the C. L. S. C. and one article for each number on C. L. S. C. work.

Popular articles on Russia, Scandinavian History and Literature, English History, Music and Literature, Geology, Hygiene, etc., etc., will be published for the C. L. S. C. in THE CHAUTAUQUAN only.

Prof. W. T. Harris will write regularly for us on the History and Philosophy of Education.

Eminent authors, whose names and work we withhold for the present, have been engaged to write valuable papers, to be in the Required Reading for the C. L. S. C.

“Tales from Shakspere,” by Charles Lamb, will appear in every number of the present volume, giving the reader in a racy readable form all the salient features of Shakspere’s works.

The following writers will contribute articles for the present volume:

The Rev. J. H. Vincent, D. D., Mrs. Mary S. Robinson, Edward Everett Hale, Prof. L. A. Sherman, Prof. W. T. Harris, Prof. W. G. Williams, A. M., A. M. Martin, Esq., Mrs. Ella Farnham Pratt, C. E. Bishop, Esq., Rev. E. D. McCreary, A. M., Mrs. L. H. Bugbee, Bishop H. W. Warren, Rev. H. H. Moore, Prof. W. C. Wilkinson, D. D., and others.

We shall continue the following departments:

=Local Circles,=
=Questions and Answers,=

on every book in the C. L. S. C. course not published in THE CHAUTAUQUAN.

=C. L. S. C. Notes and Letters,=
=Editor’s Outlook,=
=Editors Note-Book,=
=and Editor’s Table.=

* * * * *

=THE CHAUTAUQUAN, one year, $1.50=

* * * * *

=CLUB RATES FOR THE CHAUTAUQUAN.=

Five subscriptions at one time, each $1.35
Or, 6.75

Send postoffice money order on Meadville, Pa., but not on any other postoffice. Remittances by draft should be on New York, Philadelphia, or Pittsburgh, to avoid loss.

Address,
THEODORE L. FLOOD,
=EDITOR AND PROPRIETOR,=
MEADVILLE, - - PENN’A.

_Correspondence for the Editorial Department
should be marked “Personal.”_

CHARLES SCRIBNER’S SONS’

NEW BOOKS.

I.

=Final Causes.=

By Paul Janet, Member of the French Academy. Translated from
the Second Edition of the French, with Preface, by ROBERT
FLINT, D.D., LL.D. 1 vol., 8vo, $2.50.

“The work of Janet is regarded as the most comprehensive
and ably-reasoned work on the philosophy of final causes
that has been produced. It is not a treatise on natural
theology, but a philosophical vindication of the principle
which underlies natural theology. M. Janet, with admirable
discernment, acute analytic power, and strict regard to the
requirements of logic, together with a patient mastery of
the facts out of which the question arises, has placed the
principle of final causes on a strong foundation.”—_The
Watchman._

II.

=Short Studies on Great Subjects.=

By JAMES ANTHONY FROUDE, M.A. Fourth Series. 1 vol., 12mo,
$1.50.

CONTENTS: Life and Times of Thomas Becket—The Oxford
Counter-Reformation—Origen and Celsus—A Cagliostro of the
Second Century—Cheneys and the House of Russell—A Siding at
a Railway Station.

The chief interest of this volume centers in Mr. Froude’s
brilliant and vivid narrative of the Oxford religious
movement, of which Cardinal Newman was the leader.

The London _Athenæum_ says:

“In these personal recollections of a movement in which his
brother was one of the leaders, and in which he himself for
a while took part, we have Mr. Froude at his best.... After
all that has been said of late on the subject of the Oxford
Catholic revival, there is nothing that can for a moment
compare with these letters.... Some of Mr. Froude’s most
perfect illustrations are to be found in this volume, and
who has given us such exquisite images as he?”

III.

=The Religions of the Ancient World,=

Including Egypt, Assyria, and Babylonia, Persia, India,
Phœnicia. Etruria, Greece, Rome. By GEORGE RAWLINSON, M.A.,
author of “The Origin of Nations,” etc. 1 vol., 12mo, $1.

Canon Rawlinson’s great learning and his highly esteemed
contributions to the history of the ancient world qualify
him to treat the subject of this volume with a breadth
of view and accuracy of knowledge that few other writers
can lay claim to. The treatise is not intended to give an
exhaustive view of the ancient religions, but to enable
students of history to gain a more accurate knowledge of the
inner life of the ancient world.

IV.

=Energy, Efficient and Final Cause.=

(Philosophic Series, No. II.) By JAMES MCCOSH, D.D., LL.D. 1
vol., 12mo, paper, 50 cents.

“It is not unlikely to prove true in the end that the most
useful popular service which Dr. McCosh has rendered to the
cause of right thinking and to a sound philosophy of life
is his proposed “Philosophic Series,” the first number of
which, ‘Criteria of Diverse Kind of Truth as Opposed to
Agnosticism,’ we have perused with great satisfaction.”—_The
Independent._

V.

=Socrates.=

A Translation of the Apology, Crito, and parts of the Phædo
of Plato. An introduction by Professor W. W. Goodwin, of
Harvard University. 1 vol., 12mo. A new and cheaper edition,
paper, 50 cents.

This volume offers a new translation of the parts of Plato
which are most essential to an understanding of the personal
character and the moral position of Socrates, and includes
a famous specimen of Plato’s own speculations on one of the
grandest subjects.

“We do not, at the moment, remember any translation of a
Greek author which is a better specimen of idiomatic English
than this, or a more faithful rendering of the real spirit
of the original into English as good and as simple as the
Greek.”—_N. Y. Evening Post._

SPECIAL OFFER.

=Lange’s Commentary on the Bible.=

Messrs. CHARLES SCRIBNER’S SONS have determined to afford an opportunity to EVERY MINISTER IN THE UNITED STATES to secure copies of this most Comprehensive and Exhaustive Commentary on the whole Bible ever published, at a price never before offered. For a limited time only, they will supply to clergymen any volume at the unprecedentedly low price of

$3.00 PER VOLUME.

Congregations can find no more useful and acceptable present to their Pastors than this work. Part of the set will be supplied when, for any reason, the whole is not required.

Ready in February:

NEWMAN SMYTH’S REPLY TO JOSEPH COOK.

=Dorner on the Future State.=

Translated and edited with an Introduction. By NEWMAN SMYTH,
D.D., author of “Old Faiths in a New Light,” “The Orthodox
Theology of To-day,” etc. 1 vol., 12mo, $1.

This is a faithful translation of that part of Dr. Dorner’s
“System of Christian Doctrine” which relates to the future
state of the soul; with an introduction and Notes by Dr.
Newman Smyth. The object of the book is to set forth clearly
and accurately the views of the great German theologian
on a subject of highest interest and importance, wherein
he has been strangely misrepresented in this country, and
particularly by the Rev. Joseph Cook, in his recent lectures
on Future Probation.

=In the Desert.=

By REV. HENRY M. FIELD, D.D., author of “From the Lakes of
Killarney to the Golden Horn,” and “From Egypt to Japan.” 1
vol. crown 8vo, with a map, $2.

This volume is the account of a journey in the track of the
Israelites. All of Dr. Field’s powers of observation and
description are brought into play in this book, which will
undoubtedly prove the most delightful popular narrative of
travels in the desert of Mount Sinai that has ever been
written.

=Ice-Pack and Tundra.=

An Account of the Search for the _Jeannette_ and a Sledge
Journey Through Siberia. By WILLIAM H. GILDER, correspondent
of the New York _Herald_, with the Rodgers Search
Expedition; author of “Schwatka’s Search.” 1 vol, 8vo, with
maps and illustrations, $4.

Mr. Gilder’s experience as an arctic traveler, and his
skill in the description of his journeys, have now given
him a reputation as one of the highest authorities on polar
expeditions. His new book is an account of the voyage
of the _Rodgers_, her discoveries and destruction; with
the thrilling personal narrative of his own solitary and
perilous journey of more than five thousand miles through
the Siberian wastes. The whole story of the _Jeannette_ is
given from its papers and the accounts of survivors. It will
be seen that the volume possesses an extraordinary interest.

=Life of Lord Lawrence.=

By R. BOSWORTH SMITH, M.A. With maps and portraits. 2 vols.,
8vo, $5.

This book contains the most vivid, full and authentic
account of the suppression of the Indian Mutiny, from the
point of view of one of the great actors in Indian affairs,
and from sources never hitherto open to the public. It
is also the life of one of the most heroic and genuine
characters of the times in which we live. Lord Lawrence is
known to his contemporaries as the savior of the Indian
Empire to the crown during the mutiny of 1857, and as the
singularly able and energetic Governor-General of India in
more recent times. Little, comparatively, has been known
of his personal character and relations, since he had the
modesty of a truly great man in all that concerned his own
achievements. Mr. Bosworth Smith has given in his biography,
a record worthy of its subject. He has written with a noble
enthusiasm, and his book, in genuine human interest, in
historical importance, and in literary workmanship, is not
second to any biography that has appeared in recent times.

? _These Books are for sale by all booksellers, or will be sent,
post-paid, on receipt of the price, by_
=CHARLES SCRIBNER’S SONS, 743 and 745 Broadway, New York.=

* * * * *

Transcriber’s Notes:

Obvious punctuation errors repaired.

Page 305, italics added to “arm” to match rest of layout in section (as in _arm_)

Page 305, duplicate entry for “Igor” deleted.

Page 305, variations on pronunciations of “Novgorod” retained as printed.

Page 348, “ofel even” changed to “of eleven” (of eleven members)

Page 353, repeated word “and” deleted from text. Original read ( the “Iliad” and and “Odyssey,”)

Page 353, (2) added to text ((2) Essay, Mrs. Cramer)

Page 354, “diamater” changed to “diameter” (diameter of Uranus)

Page 354, “diamater” changed to “diameter” (diameter of Neptune)

Page 356, “HOW TO READ TOGETHER PROFITABLY,” Dr. Vincent opens his speech with an opening quotation mark and then goes on for many paragraphs and never closes it. As he quotes within his speech, it was retained as printed.