Chapter II: The Family Parlor (6)

P. 152.—“Protagonist.” One who fills the leading part in a drama, and hence in any enterprise.

P. 153.—“Ettrick Shepherd.” A name given to the Scottish poet, James Hogg. His home was in the Ettrick forest, and when a boy he had been a shepherd. The reference here is to the articles he contributed to the series of papers which appeared in _Blackwood_ between 1822 and 1835, called Noctes Ambrosianæ, and which were principally written by Christopher North.

P. 154.—“Sophocles.” In connection with the chapter on Sophocles the following readings may be used: “Classical Writers,” an essay on his life and writings by Campbell; Talfourd’s “History of Greek Literature,” chapter on “The Tragic Poets of Greece;” Symond’s “Studies of the Greek Poets;” _Baptist Quarterly_, Jan. 1877; Mahaffy’s “History of Classical Greek Literature;” Mure’s “Critical History of the Language and Literature of Ancient Greece;” an account of the performance of “Ædipus Tyrannus,” at Harvard in May, 1881, will be found in _The Century_, November, 1881; _Harvard Register_, April, 1881; Boston _Sunday Herald_, March 27, 1881; New York _Evening Post_, April 22, 1881.

P. 173.—“Abæan.” From Abæa, a town of Phocis, where stood a very ancient temple and oracle of Apollo.

CHEMISTRY.

P. 13.—The abbreviations used in the atomic symbols are taken from the Latin or Greek names, and when these differ from the English there seems to be no correspondence between the name of the element and its atomic symbol; as _Au_ for gold.

Hydrogen is the lightest form of matter known, and the weight of its atom is taken as the unit of the system of weights. In the table the numbers in the column of atomic weights give the weight of one atom of each substance as compared with one atom of hydrogen. For instance, an atom of aluminum is twenty-seven times as heavy as an atom of hydrogen.

A-luˈmi-num; Brōˈmĭne; Caesium (kēˈsi-um); Cerium (seˈri-um); Chlorine (klōˈrĭne); Chrōˈmi-um; Di-dynˈi-um; Erˈbi-um; Fluˈor-ĭne; Gălˈlĭ-um; Hyˈdro-gen; Glu-cinum (glu-sīˈnum); I-ridˈĭ-um; Iˈo-dĭne; Lanˈtha-num; Lithˈĭ-um; Manganese (mangˈa-nezeˌ); Mŏl-yb-dēˈnum; Nī-oˈbi-um; Nīˈtrō-gen; Osˈmi-um; Pal-lāˈdĭ-um; Phosˈphŏ-rus; Platˈĭ-num, or Pla-tīˈnum; Po-tasˈsĭ-um; Rhōˈdĭ-um; Ru-bidˈi-um; Ru-thēˈnĭ-um; Scanˈdĭ-um; Se-lēˈnĭ-um; Strontium (stronˈshĭ-um); Tanˈta-lum; Tel-luˈri-um; Thalˈli-um; Thoˈri-um; Tī-taˈni-um; Tungˈsten; U-rāˈni-um; Va-nāˈdi-um; Yt-terˈbi-um; Zir-cōˈni-um.

P. 19.—“Guyten de Morveau,” gwēˈton dĕh morˈvō. (1737-1816.) A French chemist. He suggested a new nomenclature which was adopted by Lavoisier, and wrote a “Dictionary of Chemistry.”

P. 33.—The symbols are to be read by calling the letters and the small numbers one after the other, in the order in which they occur. If a compound contains an element which requires two letters to express it, the latter one, always a small letter, as on page 35, AgNO₃, it is to be read in the same way, with a shorter pause between the A and g than between the other letters, as A-g—N—O-₃. Ag and O₃ might be compared to words of two syllables. The number always belongs to the letter which it follows.

P. 60. “Sir Humphrey Davy.” See C. L. S. C. Notes, page 59 of vol. v of THE CHAUTAUQUAN.

“Biot,” Jean Baptiste (bēˈōˌ). (1774-1862.) A French savant. His fame rests upon his mathematical, physical, and astronomical writings. Biot’s description of Cavendish, translated from the French: “The richest of all learned men, and probably, also, the most learned of all rich men.”

P. 63.—“La Trappe.” A Benedictine convent in France, famous for the austerity of its monks, founded in the twelfth century.

“Van Helmont.” (1577-1644.) A Flemish physician, chemist, and philosopher. He attempted a reform in medicine, but his system was so mingled with mysticism that it is not of much practical value. He succeeded, however, in introducing much exactness into science.

NOTES ON REQUIRED READINGS IN “THE CHAUTAUQUAN.”

HOW ENGLISH DIFFERS FROM OTHER LANGUAGES.

1. Perhaps this absurdity, and the complications it involves, may be better illustrated by the following few lines from one of DeBertrand’s novels. (They might be found in a dozen others.)

“Madame,” dit il, “il y a là une [feminine] personne qui demand M. le Baron.”

“Quelle [feminine] est cette [feminine] personne?”

“C’est un [masculine] monsieur,” etc.[I]

Thus, it will be seen, both feminine and masculine articles must be used to designate the same object; and a person must be spoken of as feminine, although the person is a man; the reason being that _personne_, the _word_, is feminine.—_Richard Grant White._

[I] “Madame,” said he, “there is a person without who asks for the Baron.”

“Who is this person?”

“It is a gentleman,” etc.

2. For contrary to apparently reasonable assumption, the history of language shows that minute and highly wrought grammatical forms are the signs, or at least the accompaniments, not of advanced civilization and high culture, but of a rude and savage condition of society. The further we penetrate the obscure of antiquity, the more grammar we find. The oldest language known to us, the Sanskrit, is the most complex and elaborate in its grammar; the youngest, English, is, to all intents and purposes, grammarless; and Sanskrit grammar is at least four thousand years old. My readers will now see why it was that I said the minute forms and complicated grammatical relations of the Greek language are not the signs of a high development of language, but were relics of barbarism.—_Richard Grant White._

3. “Galore,” gā-loreˈ. Plenty, abundance.

SUNDAY READINGS.

1. “Fuller,” Thomas. (1608-1661.) An English author and divine. “The style of all his writings is extremely quaint and idiomatic, in short, simple sentences, and singularly free from the pedantry of his times.”—_American Cyclopædia._

2. “Robert Hall.” (1764-1831.) An English writer and preacher of the Baptist church. When he was eleven years of age his teacher said that he could not keep up with the boy. No man in modern times ranked higher as an orator.

3. “Goulburn.” (1818-⸺.) An English clergyman. He was in 1859 head master of the Rugby School, in 1866 was made Dean of Norwich. He was a voluminous and popular writer.

4. “Bascom,” Richard H. (1796-1850.) An American clergyman, bishop of the Methodist Episcopal Church, South. His works comprise sermons, addresses and lectures.

CHEMISTRY.

1. Transcriber’s Note: This note was omitted in the original. Wikipedia has to say: “In general in ancient Greece, each state, city or village possessed its own central hearth and sacred fire, representing the unity and vitality of the community. The fire was kept alight continuously, tended by the king or members of his family. The building in which this fire was kept was the Prytaneum, and the chieftain (the king or prytanis) probably made it his residence.”

2. “Lavoisier,” läˈvwäˈze-āˌ. See Appleton’s “Chemistry,” pages 19, 21 and 118. He was condemned to death by a revolutionary tribunal at Paris on a frivolous charge brought against him as one of the farmers of the taxes during the Reign of Terror.

3. “Phlogiston,” flo-jisˈton. Stahl supposed it to be pure fire, fixed in combustible bodies in order to distinguish it from fire in a state of liberty.

4. “Magnesium.” A shining, almost silver-white metal. When heated it may be rolled out into very thin, long strips resembling ribbons, which will burn with an intense light. In burning it produces magnesium oxide or magnesia, which falls as a fine white powder.

5. “Dr. Priestly.” See “Chemistry,” page 118. (1733-1804.) An eminent English divine and philosopher. His partiality to the French Revolution excited the English against him, and in one of the riots his home, library and manuscripts were destroyed by the fire kindled by an angry mob. His later home was in Northumberland, Pa. He wrote between seventy and eighty volumes on history, literature, theology and science.

6. In a few volcanic districts steam escapes from the earth, which contains small quantities of boric acid. These vapors are condensed into water, which is again evaporated and the acid crystallized out. When this acid is mixed with alcohol and the solution set on fire it burns with a green flame. See “Chemistry,” page 157.

7. “Corpuscles of the blood.” Minute particles, both red and white, existing in the blood, which can be seen under a microscope. In the human species the red corpuscles are thick and circular. They are so small that Young says it would take 255,000 of them to cover a surface of a square inch. They are elastic and pliant, so that they can pass through blood vessels having a smaller diameter than themselves. The white corpuscles are more globular than the red, and contain more fat, and have the power of changing their form. These spontaneous changes have been thought by some scientists a proof that they are microscopic animals. But this is scarcely a sufficient reason for admitting that they are animalculæ, as the muscles of a body, when separated from it, often manifest apparently spontaneous movements.

8. Phosphoric acid is always produced by burning phosphorus in air or oxygen. The experiment may be performed as follows, but before undertaking it see page 167 of the “Chemistry,” and note with how much care it must be handled: Place a fragment of carefully dried phosphorus in a small cup on a stand in the middle of a large plate, ignite it by a hot wire, and place over it a bell-glass. White fumes will fill the glass and aggregate into small particles, which will fall to the plate, presenting the appearance of a miniature snow storm.

9. Barium is a yellow, lustrous, malleable metal. It is used in fireworks, for the green color it gives off in burning.

10. “Bayberries.” The plant, called also wax myrtle, is a low, crooked shrub found throughout the United States, especially near the sea coast. It grows to a height of from three to eight feet. The naked flowers appear in April and May, in clusters, of which from four to nine ripen into dry berries. Plantations of them have long been cultivated in Europe, and they have been raised in Algeria. For many years they have been an article of commerce. A bushel of the berries will yield from four to five pounds of wax.

11. “Strontium.” It takes its name from Strontian, in Scotland, where it was first observed as a carbonate. It is a pale yellow metal, harder than lead. If strontium carbonate be dissolved in nitric acid and mixed with combustible substances it will burn with a beautiful carmine red flame, and for this purpose is much used in fireworks.

12. “Sodium.” See “Chemistry,” page 67. It is a lustrous, silver-white, soft metal. When thrown upon water, if it be prevented from moving, or if the water be warm, it ignites, burning with its characteristic yellow flame.

13. Extinguishing flame by carbon di-oxide. See “Chemistry,” page 218.

14. “Lignite.” Also called brown coal. It is the most imperfectly mineralized form of coal. In some instances plants are so little changed that they can easily be classified by the structure of the leaves and the fruit. The fiber has become so impregnated with bitumen that it burns with its peculiar flame and smoke. The jet so much used in jewelry is a black variety of lignite, very compact in texture, and taking a high polish.

15. “Kohinoor,” kohˌ-i-noorˈ (mountain of light). This famous stone is now in possession of Queen Victoria. It was obtained before the Christian era in one of the mines of Golconda, and passed to successive sovereigns of India until it was borne away by a Persian conqueror in the early part of the eighteenth century. In 1813 it was bought back by the ruler of Punjaub. When Punjaub was annexed to the East India Company’s territory it was surrendered to the Queen of England. It is said to have weighed about 900 carats originally, but by cutting to have been reduced to a weight of nearly 279 carats. By recutting it was again reduced so as to weigh 186 carats, and at this time was shown (1851) at the Great Exhibition. Since that time it has been again recut, for the third time, and now weighs 123 carats, and is estimated at $600,000. For the other “Paragons” see “Chemistry,” page 204. It is questioned whether the “Grand Mogul” is a pure diamond. The largest undoubted diamond is the “Orloff,” in the scepter of the Emperor of Russia. It weighs 194¾ carats. The “Regent” or “Pitt” is thought to be the purest and most perfect brilliant in Europe. It weighs now 136¾ carats, but its original weight was 410 carats, and the fragments split off when it was cut were valued at some thousand pounds. It was placed in the hilt of the sword of state by Napoleon I. The “Grand Duke” belongs to the Emperor of Austria, and weighs 134 carats. The “Star of the South,” found in Brazil, weighs 124 carats. The “Sancy” weighs only 53½ carats. It belongs to the Emperor of Russia.

16. “Golconda.” An ancient city and fortress of India, once the metropolis of the kingdom of Golconda. It is renowned for its diamonds, which are, in truth, only cut there.

17. “The Dark Continent.” Africa, so called because so little has been known of it through all history; but through the zeal and enterprise of modern explorers we are led to hope that “the day is not far distant when the secret places of this land of mystery will be penetrated by the light of science and civilization.”

TEMPERANCE TEACHINGS OF SCIENCE.

1. “Malice prepense.” Malice aforethought, deliberately and previously planned.

2. “Professor Newman.” See C. L. S. C. Notes in THE CHAUTAUQUAN for November 1884, page 115.

3. “Cardinal Manning.” (1808-⸺.) An English Roman Catholic cardinal, the author of several works. He is the son of the late William Manning, member of Parliament, and governor of the Bank of England. He was educated at Oxford, as a member of the Church of England. In 1857 he joined the Catholics, and was ordained priest. In 1865 he was nominated by the pope Archbishop of Westminster, and in 1875 he was made cardinal, an office next in rank to that of pope. He is one of the most prominent men in London, and the leading representative of the Roman Catholic Church in England.

4. “Thugs.” A set of robbers and assassins who lived in India, and worshiped the goddess Kali. They roamed over the country in bands, and put to death by strangulation any traveler whom they met. The British government has exterminated them.

5. “Leibnitz.” See notes on the “Art of Speech” in THE CHAUTAUQUAN for November, 1884.

6. “Lord Palmerston.” (1784-1865.) A British statesman. He succeeded Lord Aberdeen as prime minister in 1855, and retired in 1858, on account of the defeat of a bill introduced with reference to the attempted murder of Napoleon III. by Orsini. In 1859 he was again made premier and held the post until his death.

7. “Loch Fyne.” An inlet of the sea on the western coast of Scotland, running into Argyle for about forty miles, with an average width of five miles. The town of Inverary stands near its head.

8. “Homberg.” A town in Prussia, noted for the gambling which was extensively carried on there formerly, but which was suppressed by the Prussian government in 1870.

“Baden,” or “Baden-Baden.” A German watering place situated on the Oos, at the foot of the Black Forest. It was formerly celebrated for the gaming tables found in the _Conversationshaus_, which was the principal resort for visitors. The licenses for gambling expired in 1872, and have not since been renewed. Those who have read “Daniel Deronda” will remember that it was at Baden that Deronda first saw Gwendolen Harleth, when she was engaged in gambling. The description of the persons gathered round the long tables is very interesting and vivid, and gives a good insight into fashionable life at Baden in those days.

9. “Lord Brougham.” (1779-1868.) Lord Chancellor of England. He took a strong stand on the side of the suppression of the slave trade, and favored Roman Catholic emancipation, and labored earnestly in the cause of popular education. As an orator he was second only to Canning.

KITCHEN SCIENCE AND ART.

1. “Alkaloid.” The name given to those extracts of vegetables which will unite with acids to form salts.

2. “Caffeine,” caf-fēˈine. The alkaloid of coffee; the same extract of tea is called théine. It is present in coffee to the extent of one per cent.; in tea from two to six per cent. It can be extracted by using acetate of lead. It has a bitter taste, and acts powerfully upon the system when taken in doses of from two to ten grains, causing palpitation of the heart, confusion of the senses, and sleeplessness.

3. “Theo-bromine.” The alkaloid of chocolate, extracted in the same manner as from tea or coffee.

4. “Thea viridis,” theˈa virˈĭ-dis. (Green tea.) The name given to that species of tea plant formerly supposed to yield green tea.

5. “Camilliaceæ,” cam-milˌli-āˈce-e. An order of plants comprising trees or shrubs with alternate, simple, feather-veined leaves, and regular flowers.

6. “Loblolly bay.” A tree found in the Southern States, growing to the height of from thirty to eighty feet, having long, narrow leaves, and large, white flowers, about two inches across, and resembling the single camellia.

7. “Stuartia.” Catesby. A shrub having deciduous leaves, and large, fragrant, white flowers.

8. “Tannin.” The astringent principle contained in a great variety of plants, which renders them capable of combining with skins of animals to form leather.

9. “Turmeric,” turˌmeˈric. A name given to the tuber-like root of a plant found in Asia. As prepared for commerce the roots are of the size of the little finger, and two or three inches long, of a yellowish color. They have an odor like ginger, and an aromatic taste. They form an orange-yellow powder, which is used in dyeing. Prussian blue is prepared from prussic acid, potassium, and a solution of sulphate of iron. Gypsum is a native sulphate of lime, that, when calcined, forms plaster of Paris.

10. “Caper.” The caper bush is a native of the south of Europe; it is a climbing shrub which flowers all summer. The buds are gathered every morning, and preserved in vinegar and salt. They have an agreeable pungency of taste. “Pekoe.” The young leaf buds of a kind of tea known as the pekoe, which is the choicest of black teas, are gathered as early as April, and sometimes mixed with other teas, to flavor them.

11. “Caseine,” cāˈse-ine. An organic compound allied to albumen, found in milk. It may be coagulated and separated from the milk by the application of rennet.

12. “Cibber,” sibˈber. (1671-1757.) An English poet, appointed to be poet laureate in 1730. He figures in the “Dunciad.” See THE CHAUTAUQUAN, vol. v, page 213.

13. “Waller.” (1605-1687.) An English poet.

14. “Coffea Arabica,” cof-feˈa A-raˈbi-ca.

15. “Rubiaceæ,” ru-bi-aˈse-ē. An order of herbaceous plants of which there are three or four hundred species; abounding chiefly in the northern hemisphere and upon the mountains in the tropics.

16. “Bouvardias.” A class of autumn and winter blooming house plants in the northern climates. Leaves regular; flowers appear in clusters, and are something like the honeysuckle in form. They vary in color from a pure white to a deep scarlet.

17. “Koran.” The sacred book of the Mohammedans, and their chief authority, also, in political, military, and ethical matters.

18. “Caffeone.” A fragrant, volatile oil contained in coffee.

19. “Sterculiaceæ,” sterˌcu-li-aˈse-ē. Large trees or shrubs, with simple or compound leaves, and flowers like those of the mallow, except that the anthers turn outward.

20. “Mahernia,” usually called _Mahernia odorata_, is an exotic flowering shrub cultivated in conservatories, mostly for its rich fragrance.

HOUSEHOLD BEVERAGES.

1. “Made-over tea.” In Chinese tea houses, large jars are kept, into which the dregs of all the tea that has been used are thrown. These exhausted leaves are dried, carefully rolled again, and thrown upon the market for a second sale. It is said this tea is easily detected if coloring matter has been used, but when re-rolled without, only a chemical analysis can disclose the fraud.

2. “Reliable.” Much fault has been found by critics with this word. It is claimed that it has no right to a place in our language. _Able_ or _ible_ is a suffix which, added to the stem of a transitive verb, gives an adjective which may be defined by placing the word _able_ before the passive infinitive of the verb whose stem has been used; for example: tolerable, able to be tolerated; admissable, able to be admitted; deniable, able to be denied, etc. But reliable means able to be relied _upon_. The preposition has to be supplied. The proper form of the adjective would be the awkward word, “relionable,” or “reliuponable.” The word is favored in the dictionaries, but trustworthy is preferable.

3. “Cosey.” A wadded cap made to fit the tea-pot closely, and thus hold in the aroma and the heat.

4. “Café au lait,” cä-fā ō lā.

HUXLEY ON SCIENCE.

1. “Aliases.” The plural of alias (āˈle-as). Meaning another name, an assumed name.

THE CIRCLE OF THE SCIENCES.

1. “Napier,” naˈpe-er, John. (1550-1617.) An English mathematician. “Logarithms” are numbers so related to natural numbers that the multiplication and division of the latter may be performed by addition and subtraction, and the raising to powers and the extraction of roots by the multiplication and division of the former. They are arranged in tables which can be readily understood and used, and they save enormous calculations and labor.

2. “Kepler,” Johann. A German astronomer.

3. “Mercator’s Chart.” In all the charts in use before Mercator’s, curved lines were drawn representing the meridians and parallels. A vessel which followed these lines always receded too far from the equator, and, if land did not intervene, would describe a spiral course and finally reach the pole. Mercator constructed a map as follows: A line, AB, was drawn representing the equator, and was divided into 36, 24 or 18 equal parts for meridians at 10°, 15°, or 20° apart, and the meridians were then drawn through them perpendicular to AB. The distance of the parallels and the tropics, and the arctic circles were marked from the equator on the sides, and these points joined by straight lines. The map does not give a natural representation, as the polar regions are immensely exaggerated. The distortions in the form of the countries and the relative distances of places are rectified by making the degrees of latitude increase proportionably to those of longitude.

4. “Quadrant.” Quadrants were used for surveying, making astronomical observations, and, in navigation, for determining the meridian altitude of the sun, and from that the latitude of the observer. They were made of a great variety of form and size to suit their several uses. The interest attaching to them at the present time is chiefly historical, as they have been superseded by the sextant and the full circle.

“Davis.” An eminent English navigator of the latter part of the sixteenth century.

“Hadley,” John. An English mathematician of the early part of the eighteenth century. An intimate friend of Newton.

TALK ABOUT BOOKS.

That most remarkable poem of the Orient, the “Rubáiyát”[J] of Omar Khayyám, has recently had the rare fortune of receiving from translator, artist and publisher an almost perfect treatment. Its translation places it among English classic poems, its illustration and make-up among American classic art books. This poem, very imperfectly known among us, is the work of a Persian astronomer and poet, Omar Khayyám, or Omar the Tent-Maker, a native of Naishapúr, in Khorassan. He was born in the latter half of the eleventh century, and became a favorite of the rulers of the realm. His life was, so goes the chronicle, “busied in winning knowledge of every kind, and especially in astronomy, wherein he attained to a very high preēminence. Under the Sultanate of Malik Shah, he came to Merv and obtained great praise for his proficiency in science, and the Sultan showered favors upon him.” Omar was an honest thinker; he refused the hollow mysticism of the times, and framed a system which approaches Epicureanism. His views of life, his fruitless search for Providence, his sad conclusion,

“I came like water, and like wind I go,”

together with his final refuge in the wine cup, with the command

“Drink, for you know not whence you came nor why,
Drink, for you know not why you go, nor where,”

are the subjects of his “Rubáiyát,” or quatrains. In the original these verses have no connection. The translator, Mr. Edward Fitzgerald, selected those which seemed to him most suitable, and arranged them into a sort of eclogue. This translation met with a hearty reception. Mr. Fitzgerald had been fortunate enough to make Omar Khayyám much more lucid and entertaining than Omar had made himself. An interpretation of the poem was undertaken in May 1883, by Elihu Vedder. The interest in the elegant volume just issued by Messrs. Houghton, Mifflin & Co., centers, of course, about these illustrations. There is not a line of the poem but what takes a new and powerful meaning under his treatment. Indeed, it seems as if in many cases the verses were but a key-note, the drawing the completed strain. The artist seems to have been inspired by the same sense of mystery, sadness, and final devotion to pleasure which influenced the author. His idea of Omar’s philosophy is most beautifully represented in the picture called “Omar’s Emblem.” In it life is represented by a whirling stream, upon which the mortal, under the form of a rose, has floated in. Along the stream the leaves are scattered here and there, while crushed and half petalless the rose floats into oblivion. This whirl of life surrounds what we may suppose to be the emblem which incessantly confronted Omar’s mind—a human skull; upon this is perched a singing nightingale—a sign of the music which in spite of the mockery of existence the poet always heard, and in which he found the sole relief for living. The pictures include a wealth of suggestion which only diligent and sympathetic study discloses. They show surprising fancy and versatility, while at the same time the finish of each is most perfect.

Among the handsome books of the year must be classed Cassell’s new edition of “Atala,”[K] Chauteaubriand’s charming romance of Indian life and love. Though the story is far from filling our modern ideas of a novel, it is one of those rare, pure love tales which never loses its hold upon us. It will always keep its place with “Undine” and “Paul and Virginia.” The present edition contains illustrations by Gustave Doré, which, though inferior in some respects to later works by him, are still very beautiful pictures. Only a few of the illustrations of the “Atala” show that weird power and strong imagination for which Doré is so famous, but what we miss there is quite made up by the interest we feel in his conceptions of American scenery, of which he knew nothing except from description. These conceptions, if sometimes very incorrect, are still full of exuberant fancy. The binding and letter-press of the volume are superior, making a most charming gift book.

The “Prose Writings of William Cullen Bryant,”[L] edited by Parke Godwin will meet with a cordial welcome from all readers of good literature. They appear in two volumes, and properly belong to a set called “The Life and Works of William Cullen Bryant,” forming the fifth and sixth volumes of the set. It was the thought of the editor at first to publish entire the orations, addresses, and various letters of Mr. Bryant, but careful consideration led him to think that this would extend the work beyond desirable limits; so it was confined to a few selections from the various departments in which the author displayed his power. Volume V of the set, or I of the “Prose Writings,” contains several “Literary Essays,” “Narratives,” and “Commemorative Discourses” on Cooper, Irving, Halleck, and Verplanck. Volume II contains “Sketches of Travel,” “Occasional Addresses,” comprising those on Shakspere, Scott, Burns, Goethe, Schiller, and many others; and “Editorial Comments and Criticisms.” The selections are all timely and well adapted to catch the reader’s fancy and interest. There can scarcely fail to come to one, however, who is the possessor of these books, a feeling of regret that the editor did not follow his original intention and give more of the writings of the author. The wish to have at hand the complete works of the great American, and to have them in as attractive a form as that in which Mr. Godwin has arranged them is strong enough to far outweigh his unjustifiable fear of making too voluminous a collection.

FOOTNOTES

[J] Rubáiyát of Omar Khayyám, the Astronomer-Poet of Persia. Rendered into English verse by Edward Fitzgerald, with an accompaniment of drawings by Elihu Vedder. Boston: Houghton, Mifflin & Co. 1884. Price, $25.

[K] Atala. By Chauteaubriand. Translated by James Spence Harry. Illustrated by Gustave Doré. Introduction by Edward J. Harding. Extra cloth, full gilt, $5.00: full Morocco, extra, $10. New York: Cassell & Co. 1884.

[L] Prose Writings of William Cullen Bryant. Edited by Parke Godwin. New York: D. Appleton & Co. 1884.

BOOKS RECEIVED.

Euphrasia and Alberta. Poetic Romances. By John Ap Thomas Jones. Philadelphia: J. B. Lippincott & Co. 1884.

French Conversation. By J. D. Gaillard. New York: D. Appleton & Co. 1885.

Journal of the General Conference of the Methodist Episcopal Church, held in Philadelphia, May, 1884. Edited by the Rev. David S. Monroe, D.D. New York: Phillips & Hunt. Cincinnati: Cranston & Stowe.

The Life of John Howard Payne. Author of Home, Sweet Home. With illustrations. By Gabriel Harrison. Philadelphia: J. B. Lippincott & Co. 1885.

Elements of Geometry. By Eli T. Tappan, LL.D. New York: D. Appleton & Co. 1885.

Elements of English Speech. By Isaac Bassett Choate. New York: D. Appleton & Co. 1884.

The Life of the Rev. Philip William Otterbein. By the Rev. A. W. Dewey, A. M. With an introduction by Bishop J. Weaver, D.D. Dayton, Ohio: United Brethren Publishing House. 1884.

The Children of the Bible. By Fannie L. Armstrong. With an introduction by Frances E. Willard. New York: Fowler & Wells Co., Publishers. Price, $1.

Outlines of Metaphysics. By Herman Lotze. Translated and edited by George T. Ladd. Boston: Ginn, Heath & Co. 1884.

Appleton’s Chart Primer. By Rebecca D. Rickoff. New York: D. Appleton & Co. 1885.

The A B C Reader. By Sarah F. Buckalew and Margaret W. Wells. New York: A. Lovell & Co.

The Philosophy of Ralph Cudworth. By Charles E. Lowry, A. M. New York: Phillips & Hunt. Cincinnati: Cranston & Stowe. 1884.

Elements of Calculus. By James M. Taylor. Boston: Ginn, Heath & Co. 1884.

Notes on Ingersoll. By the Rev. L. A. Lambert. Buffalo, N. Y.: Buffalo Catholic Publication Company. 1884.

The Methodist Year Book for 1885. Edited by W. H. De Puy, D.D., LL. D. New York: Phillips & Hunt. Cincinnati: Cranston & Stowe.

One Little Rebel. By Julia B. Smith. New York: Phillips & Hunt. Cincinnati: Cranston & Stowe. 1884

The Story of the Resurrection. By William H. Furness, D.D. Philadelphia: J. B. Lippincott & Co. 1885.

Square and Compass. By Oliver Optic. With illustrations. Boston: Lee and Shepard. New York: Charles T. Dillingham. 1885.

Friends in Feathers and Fur. For Young Folks. By James Johannot. New York: D. Appleton & Co. 1885.

SPECIAL NOTES.

Among the many beautiful things which art and taste and money combined to furnish for the holidays nothing surpassed the Christmas cards of L. Prang & Co. In design, coloring and finish it is difficult to see how they could be improved. It will interest those of our readers who expect to visit the New Orleans Exposition to know that all Messrs. Prang & Co.’s former prize cards and the frames, with consecutive proofs of a reproduction, have been sent to the Massachusetts department at New Orleans by special invitation of the State Commission. The collection of prize designs recently exhibited in New York and Boston by Mr. L. Prang is now, by special invitation, shown in the Art Institute in Chicago, and, in response to a similar request made by the managers of the Museum of Fine Arts at St. Louis, this collection of paintings will be sent to that city later on.

* * * * *

The banquet of the C. L. S. C. Alumni, which was to have been in Boston in February, will be held at Lake View, Wednesday, July 22. The committee decided upon this change when it was found that Chancellor Vincent, Professors Hurlbut and Holmes, also Prof. Sherwin, could not be present in February.

* * * * *

Important to members of the Class of 1888. The first article on “How to make Home Beautiful,” which was published in _Alma Mater_ No. 2 last year, will be mailed to all members of the class of 1888, during the present year, 1884-5. We were unable to have this article reprinted in time to accompany _Alma Mater_ No. 3, which was sent last month to all members of the C. L. S. C.

J. H. VINCENT.

* * * * *

The last copy of _The Outlook_ published by the class of 1884 appeared in December. It contains much news of interest to the class, the class list of graduates as made up to November 1st, including 1,387 names, and the editor’s farewell. _The Outlook_ has been a faithful and zealous advocate of the interests of the “Irrepressibles.”

* * * * *

People of all denominations loved and honored Bishops Simpson and Asbury of the M. E. Church. At the recent centennial celebration of that church a fitting souvenir to these two noble men was displayed in the form of medallions, on which were embossed the heads of the two bishops. These medallions were mounted in a leather case lined with satin. It forms a beautiful object for any one’s collection of souvenirs.

* * * * *

’82 CLASS MOTTO.—Members of the Pioneer class are reminded that the selection of a motto was remitted to a committee. Any member prepared to make a suggestion in the matter is invited to send it to Lewis C. Peake, Drawer 2,559, Toronto, Canada. The general feeling of the class was that the motto should be in English.

* * * * *

THE CHAUTAUQUA MUSICAL READING CLUB is a new department of Chautauqua work. The course has been thoughtfully arranged in consultation with many among the most cultured musicians in the land, and is of such recognized merit that, with the hearty approval of the faculty, it has been adopted in the New England Conservatory of Music at Boston. Information may be obtained concerning the C. M. R. C. by addressing W. F. Sherwin, Director C. M. R. C., Boston, Mass.

C. L. S. C. GRADUATES.

The following list of graduates of the Class of 1884 appears according to states. It has been prepared with care by the office secretary, Miss Kate F. Kimball.

Persons whose names are marked * have died since graduation.

_Maine._

Allen, Mrs. Almira L.
Beale, Miss Annie C.
Beck, the Rev. Charles A.
Bruce, Mrs. Eveleen
Buck, Mrs. F. R.
Estes, Miss Eva M.
Fletcher, Mrs. Sarah F.
French, Mrs. Emma M.
Grant, Mrs. Nellie
Hobart, Mrs. Augusta A.
Longfellow, Miss Mary O.
Lunt, Miss Mary K.
Page, Mrs. Geo. N.
Palmer, Mrs. Maria B.
Reynolds, Mrs. Mary J.
Robinson, Mrs. Frances H. B.
Sanborn, Miss Gulielma P.
Skinner, Miss Sarah E.
Varney, Miss Clara B.
Woodbury, Mrs. Mae B.

_New Hampshire._

Avaun, the Rev. J. M.
Baker, Miss Nellie M.
Beckwith, the Rev. Geo. A.
Cleworth, Mrs. Cleora B.
Emerson, Miss Hattie E.
Farwell, Mrs. Marion L.
James, Mrs. Lizzie B.
Lane, John G.
Lewis, Mrs. Hannah E.
Moore, George W.
Pettengill, Miss Selina D.
Russell, Mrs. Helen I.
Senter, Miss Nella M.
Shepherd, Miss Betsey B.
Stiles, Miss Nellie
Worthley. Mrs. Emma L.

_Vermont._

Clark, Mrs. Mary W.
Clark, Miss Susan E.
Farnham, Mrs. Roswell
Farr, Miss Hattie J.
Howell, Mrs. Elsie S.
Lovejoy, Miss Martha H.
Merrill, the Rev. Charles H.
Merrill, Mrs. Laura B.
Read, Miss Keziah H.
Sheldon, Mrs. Charles F.
Stedman, Miss Clara M.
Streeter, Miss Emilie E.
Thomas, Mrs. H., Jr.
Wires, Mrs. Eveline W.

_Massachusetts._

Alexander, Miss Harriet I.
Allis, Miss Mary L.
Alvord, the Rev. Augustus
Anderson, William E.
Baber, Miss Eliza M.
Baber, Miss Fannie
Bacon, Mrs. Leora A.
Baker, Samuel E.
Ball, Miss Nettie
Ball, Miss Minnie L.
Ball, Miss Carrie E.
Batchelder, Miss Harriette S.
Blackmer, Miss Nellie E.
Blackmer, Miss Mary L.
Blake, Miss Evelyn A.
Blanchard, Frederic W.
Blanchard, Miss Isabel I.
Blanchard, Walter A.
Blodgett, Miss Maria L. C.
Borden, Miss Helen M.
Borden, Mrs. Harriet A.
Bosworth, Miss Mary E.
Bowers, George N.
Boyd, Miss Margaret W.
Bradford, Mrs. Helen M.
Bradford, Lemuel B.
Bridges, Mrs. Jennie L. C.
Brigham, Miss Mary M.
Brigham, Miss Helen F.
Brooman, Mrs. L. G.
Brown, Miss Nellie M.
Brown, Miss Lottie E.
Burgess, Miss Lucy A.
Burnett, Mrs. Hattie C.
Burns, Miss Mirriam A.
Buswell, Mrs. Clara L.
Caffin, Miss Mabel B.
Candlin, the Rev. Joseph
Candlin, Mrs. Ruth E.
Chapman, Mrs. Lizzie C.
Chapman, Miss Eva
Chase, Charlie S.
Chauncey, Mrs. Mary C.
Cheever, Miss Lizzie H.
Chenery, Miss Hattie M.
Cheney, Miss A. Oreanna
Clutia, Mrs. S. P.
Coburn, Mrs. S. A.
Cochran, Miss Emma A.
Cogswell, Miss Kate A.
Colesworthy, William G.
Coombs, Miss J. Fannie
Cowan, Mrs. P. D.
Crane, Miss Mary L.
Crosby, Miss Sarah J.
Cummings, Miss Mary E.
Cummings, Mrs. Ada A.
Cushing, Mrs. Mary H.
Cushing, the Rev. John R.
Davis, Miss Emma A.
Davis, Mrs. Mial
Delano, Mrs. Emma L.
Delva, Mrs. K. Augusta
Dennis, Miss Georgette E.
Dimick, Mrs. Lizzie G.
Doane, Mrs. Clara J.
Doty, Mrs. Julia C.
Douglass, Miss Mary
Drew, Miss Fidelia
Eastland, Miss Georgiana
Eaton, Mrs. Belle M.
Eaton, Mrs. Daniel W.
Eldridge, Mrs. Vesta K. F.
Ely, George W.
Ely, Miss Josephine L.
Emerson, Miss Mary J.
Fairbanks, Mrs. Lydia L.
Fairchild, Mrs. Maria H.
Fay, Mrs. Abby B.
Fay, Miss Anna B.
Fay, George E.
Fay, Miss Anna C.
Fisher, Mrs. Angie B.
Fiske, Miss Ella A.
Flanders, Mrs. Elvira W. C.
Floyd, 2d, David
Fraser, Mrs. Daniel F.
Freeman, Miss Emma F.
Freeman, Miss Annie E.
French, George B.
Frye, Charles H.
Fullarton, Mrs. Mary A.
Gardner, Mrs. Sarah A.
Gill, Mrs. M. F.
Goodwin, Miss Annie A.
Goodwin, Miss Lucy B.
Grant, Miss Mary
Grant, Miss Martha
Greenwood, Miss Nellie
Grout, Mrs. Ellen L.
Gustin, Mrs. Ellen G.
Hadley, Miss Amanda M.
Hall, the Rev. A. J.
Hammond, Miss Jennie S.
Hancock, Mrs. Warren
Harrington, Francis M.
Harrington, Miss Ada L.
Harrington, Mrs. Mary L.
Harris, Miss Sarah G.
Hawley, Miss Emily E.
Hayward, Miss Nellie A.
Hayward, Mrs. Susan C.
Hersey, Miss Lizzie M.
Hersey, Miss Ellen M.
Hewins, Miss Emeline
Higgins, Miss Sarah B.
Hildreth, Mrs. Kate B.
Hitchcock, Mrs. Nellie E.
Hodges, Mary A.
Holway, Mrs. Susan B.
Holway, Miss Sadie O.
Houghton, Miss Mary J. W.
Howard, Henry F.
Howard, Mrs. Mary C.
Howard, Mrs. Louisa B.
Hull, Miss Abby F.
Hutchinson, Miss Cora F.
Inman, Mrs. Edna M.
Irving, Charles H.
Irving, Mrs. Sarah M.
Johnson, the Rev. Charles T.
Jones, Addison W.
Jones, Mrs. Sophronia B.
Jones, Miss Eva G.
Keene, Mrs. Fannie S.
Kendall, Miss Amanda M.
Kimball, Edward A.
Kimball, Mrs. Elsie E.
King, Mrs. Laura C.
Kinsman, Miss Mary L.
Kneil, Miss Emily G.
Knight, Joseph K.
Ladd, Mrs. Rebecca E.
Lawrence, Miss Mary M.
Lee, Mrs. Elizabeth R.
Leonard, Mrs. Kate H.
Leonard, Miss M. Fanny
Leonard, Miss Anna R.
Lewis, Miss Lizzie M.
Light, Charles F.
Light, James B.
Light, Mrs. Ellen E.
Lindsay, Miss Florence
Litchfield, Mrs. Isabelle W.
Little, Mrs. William C.
Lloyd, Miss Mary A.
Manning, John M.
Manning, Mrs. J. M.
Merriam, Miss Susan M.*
Marsh, the Rev. Francis J.
Marston, Mrs. Carrie M.
Marston, Luther M.
Matthews, the Rev. Henry
McClure, Miss Louisa
McGeoch, W. Stanley
McKeil, Miss Jessie
Meriam, Miss Effie J.
Mills, Mrs. Jeannette R.
Mitchell, Miss Elizabeth L.
Moore, Miss Ella F.
Moreland, Miss Mary L.
Morse, Miss Nannie M.
Morse, Miss Mary E.
Murdock, Mrs. Lucretia Y.
Norris, Mrs. Chas. S.
Ordway, Miss Myra A.
Owen, George A.
Packard, Miss Helen M.
Parker, Mrs. Anna E.
Partridge, Miss Deborah A.
Patterson, Miss Etta M.
Peabody, Daniel D.
Pease, Miss Alice N.
Peppeard, Miss Augusta
Phelps, Miss Emily E.
Pike, Arthur G.
Pike, Miss Emily C.
Pike, Miss Sarah A.
Pike, Mrs. Azelia M.
Platts, Mrs. Annie M.
Plummer, Mrs. Amanda H.
Prescott, Miss Emma L.
Price, Miss Lotta A.
Purington, Miss M. Emma
Pynchon, Mrs. Charlotte E.
Radford, Mrs. Anna M.
Randall, Mrs. Lucy A.
Ranger, Mrs. Mary A.
Ray, Miss Hattie C.
Richardson, the Rev. Wellen N.
Richardson, Mrs. Helen L.
Richardson, Mrs. Mary A.
Richardson, the Rev. W. G.
Ring, Miss Martha D.
Robinson, Mrs. J. G.
Rockwood, Miss Susie A.
Rodliff, Miss Anna I.
Rolfe, Mrs. Helen M.
Rooke, Mrs Emma E.
Ross, William E.
Ross, Miss Helen V.
Ruggles, Miss Olive
Ryan, Miss Mary E.
Safford, Mrs. Henry G.
Safford, Miss Eliza
Sargent, Mrs. Hannah E.
Scales, Miss Sarah E.
Severance, Miss Millie I.
Shattuck, Miss Clara L.
Sherman, Mrs. Clara A.
Sill, Miss Frances A.
Skene, the Rev. George
Skinner, Miss Mary S.
Skinner, Miss Maria S.
Skinner, Miss Abbie A.
Smith, Miss Effie
Spalding, Mrs. Edward L.
Sprague, Miss Flora H.
Stafford, Mrs. B. F.
Stanley, Mrs. Susan C.
Stevens, Ira W.
Stone, Henry R.
Stone, Mrs. H. H. P.
Stone, Miss Ellen K.
Struthers, Miss Mary S.
Sykes, Miss Jennie E.
Taylor, Mrs. Marie E.
Taylor, Miss Nellie M.
Thayer, Mrs. Mary E.
Thing, Miss Addie L.
Thompson, Mrs. Helen A. B.
Thompson, Mrs. Lydia M. E.
Thompson, Mrs. Mary C.
Thurber, Mrs. Lizzie M.
Trask, Robert D.
Trask, Mrs. Achsa E.
Traversee, Mrs. Marietta
Traversee, Miss Mary E.
Trow, Miss Lizzie F.
Varnum, Miss Hannah
Wadsworth, Miss Jennie E.
Walker, Jefferson C.
Warren, Mrs. M. W.
Watson, Mrs. Thomas A.
Wentworth, Mrs. A. L.
Wheeler, Miss Lizzie J.
White, Mrs. Emma C.
White, Miss Ellen M.
Whitney, Mrs. Ella M.
Whitney, Mrs. F. W.
Whitney, Miss Nellie S.
Willey, Miss Nellie M.
Williams, Charles W.
Williams, Albert P.
Wilson, Miss Emily J.
Wood, Miss Alice A.
Woodbury, the Rev. Webster
Woodbury, Mrs. Webster
Woodward, Miss Clara O.

_Rhode Island._

Aldrich, Mrs. Marcia A.
Aldrich, Mrs. David L.
Armington, Miss Harriet A.
Barber, Miss Arabel E.
Barney, Mrs. Sarah F.
Brownell, Miss Ella W.
Dexter, Mrs. W. W.
Fiske, Dr. Elmer S.
Fitz, William E.
Goodier, the Rev. Erastus W.
Goodier, Mrs. Lizzie M.
Kendall, Miss Emma F.
Kendrick, Mrs. Phebe E.
Kendrick, John E.
Langworthy, Miss Hattie G.
Leavitt, Mrs Abbie G.
Leavitt, Miss Charlotte E.
Lee, Mrs. Nellie
Lewis, Miss Eugenia L.
Mason, Mrs. Ella K.
Nason, Mrs. Medora T.
Nye, John M.
Nye, William H.
Owen, Miss Hannah A.
Paine, Miss Lydia A.
Potter, Mrs. Sarah M.
Puffer, Mrs. Emma L. S.
Steere, Miss Rachel
Stevens, Miss Mary
Sullivan, James J.
Vars, John
White, Miss Ella E.

_Connecticut._

Baldwin, Miss Lotte A.
Beman, Miss Emma
Bidwell, Mrs. Emma W. B.
Bradley, Miss Sarah L.
Brewer, Miss Ellen M.
Bridge, the Rev. Wm. D.
Bridge, Mrs. Mary S. H.
Buffett, Miss Mary E.
Bushnell, Miss Sarah M.
Bushnell, Mrs. Margaret A.
Caulkins, Miss Abbie A.
Cowles, Miss Catherine M.
Cowles, Miss Elizabeth A.
Davies, John C.
Davies, Mrs. Lois F.
De Forest, Miss Emily M.
Fenn, Willis I.
Fowler, Miss Hattie E.
Gilbert, Miss Anna L.
Gillespy, Miss Estelle
Griswold, Miss Corinth
Harrison, Oscar G.
Hawley, Miss Mary F.
Huntington, Frederick L.
Hurd, Wilbur F.
Jones, Mrs. Andrew F.
Kirtland, Miss Grace E.
Lathrop, Mrs. R. S.
Loomis, Miss Jane E.
Lowry, Miss Minnie B.
Merriam, Mrs. Etta M.
Morton, Jas. H.
Porter, Miss Ida A.
Scranton, Miss Emma A.
Seward, Miss Hattie E.
Smith, Miss Lillian B.
Stanton, Miss Julia E.
Stone, Mrs. Sarah A.
Sturtevant, Mrs. Annie E.
Treat, Miss Susie C.
Treat, Miss Emily A.
Underwood, Miss Clara B.
Underwood, Mrs. Clara A.
Vaill, Miss Nellie E.
Warriner, Charles H.
Whitmore, Miss Clara L.
Witter, Miss Ruth
Wooster, Mrs. Kate A.

_New York._

Adams, Miss Valeria N.
Allen, Miss Susie
Allen, Miss Mary E.
Allen, the Rev. Walter O.
Andrews, Mrs. Annie M.
Anoski, Miss Rose L.
Atchinson, Miss Harriet L.
Babcock, Miss Mary F.
Bailey, Miss Carrie A.
Baker, Mrs. E. J. L.
Baldwin, Miss Frances A.
Baldwin, Clair H.
Barbour, Miss Mary E.
Barker, Miss S. Emma
Barnes, Miss Alice E.
Bartholomew, Mrs. Tillie C.
Baxter, Miss Helen A.
Benedict, Mrs. Calphurnia N.
Benjamin, Miss Nettie D.
Bennett, Edward N.
Bickley, Mrs. Lizzie H.
Biddle, the Rev. William T.
Billings, Mrs. Mary S.
Bliss, Miss Nettie G.
Bond, Miss Bessie
Bourne, Miss Elma A.
Brainard, Miss Emma C.
Briggs, Miss Carrie E.
Brown, Mrs. Esther E. C.
Brown, Miss Elizabeth
Brown, Miss Helen
Brown, Mrs. J. S.
Brown, Miss Teresa
Brown, Miss Alice J.
Brown, John S.
Brown, Mrs. Helen M.
Brown, Miss Edith M.
Brown, Mrs. C. K.
Buell, Miss Elizabeth C.
Camp, Miss Elizabeth B.
Carpenter, Miss Hannah M.
Carr, Miss M. Jennie
Carson, Mrs. Charles H.
Carter, Miss Maggie A.
Cash, Mrs. Adella
Caswell, Miss Hattie C.
Chapin, Miss Ida E.
Chappell, Mrs. Hattie F.
Clark, Charles E.
Clark, Miss Delia H.
Clark, Edwin J.
Clark, Lizzie
Clark, Miss Mary W.
Clinton, Miss E. Eloise
Coe, Miss Lottie A.
Colby, John E.
Colby, Mrs. Lucy J.
Cook, Mrs. Mary D.
Cowles, Miss Kittie M.
Coy, Mrs. W. Henry
Crane, Edward J.
Crannell, Miss Julia W.
Curtis, Mrs. Julia M.
Curtis, Miss Fanny
Dailey, Charles J.
Dearstyne, Miss E. Louise
Dempster, Mrs. Mary J.
Deverell, Miss Sarah A.
Dobbin, Miss Lizzie G.
Donaldson, Mrs. Mary F.
Douglass, Miss Martha B.
Driver, Mrs. Ida M.
Dunn, Miss Mary S.
Durfee, Miss Annie E.
Edge, Miss Elizabeth
Edmonds, Miss Lottie E.
Ellis, Miss Jennie L.
Farman, Miss Mattie E.
Fisher, Edward L.
Fisher, Miss F. Eugenie
Fletcher, Miss Minnie A.
Foote, Miss Ellen E.
Foote, Miss Frances A.
Fox, Miss Rosalie M.
Frost, Miss Libbie E.
Gail, Mrs. Henrietta S.
Gammans, Mrs. Etta B.
Gaston, Miss Mary C.
Gere, Justus T.
Gillespie, Miss Emily T.
Gillespy, Miss Edith
Graybiel, Miss Sara N.
Green, Mrs. Carrie A.
Greene, George E.
Greene, Miss Emma C.
Gregory, Miss Libbie
Griffin, Miss Olivia A.
Gunton, Mrs. Henrietta M.
Hahn, Miss Hattie E.
Hampton, Miss Jennie S.
Handshaw, James E.
Hannum, Mrs. Ida
Harrington, Miss Sarah D.
Harrington, Mrs. Adelaide L.
Harris, Miss Lucinda
Hartwell, Miss Mary H.
Hathorn, Ira B.
Haviland, Mrs. C. W.
Hawley, Miss Mary T.
Hearn, the Rev. George
Hendrickson, Mrs. Adeline
Highriter, Miss F. Maria
Hitchcock, Mrs. Mary E.
Holden, Alexander M.
How, George V.
Hope, Mrs. Mary B.
Hopkins, Miss Susie C.
Hopkins, Miss Annie W.
Hopkins, Miss Hattie E.
Houck, Miss Kate A.
Huff, Mrs. Anna E.
Hull, Miss Eliza J.
Hunsicker, Miss Ida M.
Ingraham, Miss S. E.
Ipsen, Miss Alicia L.
Jenks, Miss Mary E.
Johns, Miss Dora
Johnson, Mrs. S. Lizzie
Jones, Miss Cora M.
Judd, Mrs. Ellen M.
Kellogg, Miss Lottie R.
Kendall, Miss Clara E.
Kent, Miss Annabelle
Kibbey, Mrs. Louisa
Kibbey, Samuel
King, Mrs. Olie C.
King, Clarence
Kinsley, Fred. A.
Kinsman, Miss Jeannie E.
Kipp, Miss Alice R.
Knight, Miss Jane
Labagh, Miss Maria C.
Lamson, Miss Eva S.
Lapham, Mrs. Geo. P.
Lathrop, Miss Carrie
Lathrop, Miss Ella M.
Latimer, the Rev. E. Herman
Lent, William J.
Loveridge, Miss Grace C.
Luther, Stephen
Lyon, Miss Mary L.
Mackey, Miss Florence A.
Mallette, Miss Mary E.
Manrow, Milton
Marley, William J.
Mathews, Mrs. Candace P.
Matthews, Andrew J.
Melven, Emmett S.
Miller, Charles E.
Milliman, Robert L.
Milliman, Mrs. Susan F.
Miner, George G.
Mogg, Mrs. Jennie A.
Moore, Mrs. Philena B.
Morrison, Miss Mary L.
Morrison, Miss Emma F.
Martin, Wilbor A.
Newton, Miss Lura
Nichols, Miss Nancy M.
Noble, Miss Grace A.
Northup, Miss Ella A.
Ogden, Mrs. Florence W.
Olney, Miss Minnie M.
Parker, Mrs. Sabine E.
Parmelee, Miss Lizzie F.
Pease, Miss Ettie E.
Phyfe, Archibald B.
Pindar, Miss Rose E.
Pond, Miss Martha
Pratt, Miss Lettie C.
Rhoda, Mrs. Ella A.
Rice, Mrs. Maggie C.
Rice, Mrs. Clara E.
Rockwell, Mrs. Ada E.
Rockwell, the Rev. Lyman E.
Ross, Mrs. Mary E. K.
Rowel, Miss Eliza L.
Rowell, Miss Ida E.
Sammons, Charles
Sanford, Miss Frances E.
Seely, Mrs. Hannah
Schellinger, Miss M. Amelia
Sheldon, Miss Emma J.
Shumway, Mrs. A. Adda H.
Silliman, Miss Mary A.
Simmons, Mrs. Jennie E.
Slada, Miss Emma D.
Slada, Miss Mary M.
Slattery, John T.
Sleeper, Charles W.
Smallbone, Miss Emma J.
Smith, Mrs. Maria A.
Sotham, Miss Mary E.
Spooner, Marvin L.
Spooner, Mrs. Lina A. H.
Stanley, Miss Jennie B.
Stevens, Mrs. Jennie
Stilson, Miss Alice M.
Stone, Miss Nellie M.
Stone, Miss Addie H.
Stoutenburgh, Miss Mary E.
Tackitt, Miss Ellen
Thomas, Mrs. Maria L.
Terry, Mrs. Armenia M.
Terry, C. L. Emory
Tompkins, Mrs. Elizabeth S.
Torr, Miss Lizzie E.
Torry, Miss Grace
Trowbridge, Miss Helen R.
Trowbridge, Miss Augusta E.
Vail, Mrs. Horton
Vail, Horton
Van Cruyningham, Daniel
Van Cruyningham, Mrs. M. E.
Van Ness, Miss Lottie R.
Viele, Miss Ada L.
Wadsworth, Mrs. Carrie K.
Walley, William
Warner, Mrs. Jane R.
Weimert, Miss Kittie
White, Mrs. Harriet H.
Wight, Miss Martha A.
Williams, Mrs. Franc S.
William, Miss Emma J.
Williamson, Matthew D.
Willis, Mrs. C. C.
Willis, Charles C.
Winspear, Miss Clara J.
Wood, Mrs. James M.
Wood, Miss Lizzie
Wooden, Miss Emily S.
Wooden, Miss Loretta E.
Wooden, Miss Laura E.
Westcott, Mrs. Addie L.

_New Jersey._

Anderson, Miss Elizabeth
Baldwin, Miss Lizzie
Blanchet, Mrs. Mary C.
Brackin, Miss M. Fannie
Carty, Miss Kate
Davis, Miss Mary H.
Delano, Miss Laura C.
Dilts, Miss Ella V.
Dunn, Miss Clara I.
Ewing, Miss Olive M.
Fortner, Miss Sarah E.
Gokey, Miss Delia
Hall, Miss Helen F.
Hedden, Mrs. L. O.
Hoemer, George P.
Holbert, Mrs. Frances B.*
Huyler, Adam
McKay, Mrs. Mary H.
Mead, Miss Margaret H.
Morehouse, Miss Hattie A.
Norris, Miss Alice L.
Parker, Ellis
Peet, Dr. Gilead
Riker, Miss Grace H.
Rittenhouse, Miss Ada F.
Rogers, Miss Hannah D.
Smith, Miss Abbie T.
Spring, Edward A.
Stevenson, Miss Georgiana
Taylor, Mrs. Agnes C.
Thompson, Miss M. Reba
Weeks, Miss Mary F.
Wegmann, Miss Bertha B.
Woolston, Miss Ray B.
Woolston, Miss Beulah D.

_Pennsylvania._

Alcorn, Miss Lettie E.
Alcorn, Miss Alice M.
Allen, Elisha M.
Allison, Miss Louisa
Arnett, Miss Aroline
Baker, Miss Ida A.
Bar, Miss Irene
Beatty, Mrs. Agnes B.
Beatty, Mrs. Julia S.
Beers, Mrs. Celia H.
Bethune, John T.
Bolard, Mrs. Jennie E.
Bradley, Miss Mary S.
Braham, Miss Isabella H.
Brisbin, Miss Florence
Buchanan, Mrs. M. Josephine
Buehler, Mrs. Anna F.
Burrows, Mrs. Lizzie M.
Cernea, Miss Anna T.
Clark, Norman H.
Closson, James H.
Clark, Mrs. Harriet R.
Cooke, Mrs. Cordelia H.
Copeland, Miss Irene
Copeland, J. Renwick
Cox, Miss Ettie A.
Crosby, Miss Lizzie C.
Dale, Mrs. Elizabeth C.
Dampman, Miss Lizzie B.
Davidson, Miss Anna
Dewey, Mrs. Martha J.
Dickinson, Levi S.
Dickson, Miss Maggie A.
Dorand, Miss Emma A.
Du Bois, Mrs. Ella R.
Dunham, Mrs. Helen
Eaton, Mrs. S. J. M.
Ely, Miss Alice K.
English, Miss Ellen R.
Evans, Miss H. Louise
Farley, Mrs. H. N.
Fellows, Mrs. Sarah
Findlay, Peter
Finley, Miss May A.
Fishburn, Miss Lizzie E.
Fisher, Miss Mate E.
Frescoln, Oscar P.
Frew, William A.
Frysinger, Edward
Furst, Miss M. Katie
Gail, Miss Emma B.
Gardner, Lot
Gerould, Miss Flora E.
Gyger, Miss Hannah
Harris, Edward F.
Henry, Miss Elizabeth
Hill, Miss Zelia
Hill, Miss Ella
Hill, Miss Mattie J.
Horner, Miss Mary A.
Hostetter, Miss Venetta E.
Howe, Miss Cora
Hubbard, Miss Mary A.
Humphriss, Mrs. Mary I.
Hunter, Le Roy M.
Ingram, Miss Almeda R.
Jackson, Mrs. Amanda A.
Jones, Harry L.
Kelly, Miss M. Emma
Ladd, Miss Anna A.
Lawrence, James A.
Leavitt, Mrs. Walter
Little, Miss Ettie E.
Love, Miss Myrtle L.
Marsh, Mrs. G. D.
Marsh, George D.
Mason, Edwin T.
McElroy, Mrs. Jennie
McFarland, Mrs. Caroline
McIntire, Miss Annie M.
Miller, George W.
Miller, Miss Emily A.
Moford, Miss H. Mary
Morrow, Miss Mary B.
Myton, Thomas W.
Neal, Mrs. H. N.
Nevin, Miss Laura
Oglevee, the Rev. Jesse A. B.
Oudry, Miss Katie E.
Paxson, Miss Sallie B.
Pearson, Miss Hulda A.
Pettit, Miss Harriet L.
Purdy, Mary E.
Reineke, Miss Carrie W.
Reineke, Miss Minnie E.
Renn, Miss Jennie W.
Ross, Mrs. Mary M. F.
Rowland, Frank S.
Sabin, the Rev. Edward N.
Sammons, Miss Fannie B.
Sammons, Miss Martha L.
Sargent, Mrs. R. H.
Schooley, Miss Jennie C.
Scott, Miss Mary I.
Scott, Albert O.
Scott, Frank H.
Selkregg, Mrs. I. V.
Sheldon, Willard M.
Siegfried, Miss Stella
Smith, Miss Clara L.
Smith, Christopher W.
Smith, Miss Emma C.
Smith, Miss Kate F.
Smith, Mrs. Lou M.
Smith, Miss Ella M.
Smith, Mrs. Annie M.
Spaulding, F. W.
Starkweather, Miss Arvilla H.
Steele, Herbert
Stoever, Mrs. Laura M.
Stoever, Miss Sue E.
Stone, Mrs. C. E.
Straub, Miss Effie T.
Strong, Mrs. Mary A.
Strong, Henry A.
Tracy, Mrs. Edith E. P.
Tracy, Mrs. Malie
Tracy, Malie
Trosh, Nathaniel F.
True, Miss Mary E.
Tryon, Mrs. George W.
Tryon, Miss Arabella
Thomas, Miss Ada F.
Warner, Mrs. A. A. H.
Wilson, Mrs. Ida G.
Wood, Collin

_Delaware._

Cahall, Joseph L.

_Maryland._

Bayne, Lawrence P.
Markell, Miss Virginia H.
Parkhurst, Miss Alice S.
Rawlings, Joshua S.
Rodgers, Mrs. Amy C.
Sadtler, Miss M. Adelaide
Smyth, Miss Lizzie K.

_District of Columbia._