Chapter XXIII: Appendix: K

THE BRONZE MEMORIAL GROUP.

History places the scene of the Massacre adjacent to the shore of Lake Michigan, between the present 16th and 20th Streets. The Memorial Group, now (1893) newly erected, stands at the eastern extremity of 18th Street, overlooking the lake (nothing intervening save the right of way of the Illinois Central Railway); and is therefore in the midst of the battle-field.

I think it well here to put in evidence unanswerable testimony as to the identity of the spot selected for the group with the place where the short and fatal struggle took place. Regarding it, Munsell's history observes:

The attack, the charge, the subsequent advance, etc., seem all to
point to about the spot where is now Eighteenth Street; and to the
Massacre tree, a tall cottonwood, still standing when these lines are
penned (1892), though dead since about five years ago.

For conclusive evidence of the identity of the tree and its
trustworthiness as marking the battle-field, see certificates of old
citizens given on page 31, Vol. I, Andreas' History of Chicago.

The letters quoted by Captain Andreas are all from persons not only well-informed, but also of the highest social character and standing. They are as follows:

Letter from Mrs. Henry W. King.

151 Rush Street, Chicago, }
January 25, 1884. }

A. T. Andreas, Esq.

_Dear sir:_--I am very happy to tell you what I know about the tree
in question, for I am anxious that its value as a relic should
be appreciated by Chicago people, especially since the fire has
obliterated nearly every other object connected with our early
history. Shortly before the death of my friend Mrs. John K. Kinzie, I
called upon her and asked her to drive with me through the city and
point out the various locations and points of interest that she knew
were connected with the "early day" of Chicago. She said there were
very few objects remaining, but localities she would be happy to show
me.

She appointed a day, but was not well enough to keep her appointment;
went East soon after for her health and died within a few weeks.
However, at this interview I mention, she said that to her the most
interesting object in our city was the old Cottonwood tree that
stands on Eighteenth Street, between Prairie Avenue and the lake.
She remarked that it, with its fellows, were saplings at the time of
the Indian Massacre, and that they marked the spot of that fearful
occurrence; though she was not sure but that the smaller one had
either died or been cut down. I expressed surprise at the location,
imagining that the massacre occurred further south, among the small
sand-hills that we early settlers remember in the vicinity of Hyde
Park. I remember that her answer to this was:

"My child, you must understand that in 1812 there was no Chicago,
and the distance between the old fort and Eighteenth Street was
enormous." Said she: "My husband and his family always bore in mind
the location of that massacre, and marked it by the Cottonwood trees,
which, strange to say, have stood unharmed in the middle of the
street to this day."

The above facts I communicated to the Historical Society soon after
Mrs. Kinzie's death, and believe through them was the means of
preventing the cutting down of the old tree, which the citizens of
the South Side had voted to be a nuisance. I sincerely hope something
may be done to fence in and preserve so valuable a relic and reminder
of one of the most sad and interesting events in the life of Chicago.

Believe me, sir, yours most respectfully,
Mrs. Henry W. King.

Letter from Hon. Isaac N. Arnold.

Chicago, January 25, 1884.

Captain A. T. Andreas.

_Dear sir:_--I have your note of this morning, asking me to state
what I know relating to the massacre at Chicago in 1812. I came to
Chicago in October, 1836; the Fort Dearborn reservation then, and
for several years afterward, belonged to the government, and there
were but a few scattering houses from Fort Dearborn south to [the
present location of] the University, and between Michigan Avenue and
the beach of Lake Michigan. The sand-hills near the shore were still
standing. The family of John H. Kinzie was then the most prominent
in Chicago, and the best acquainted with its early history. From
this family and other early settlers, and by Mr. and Mrs. Kinzie, I
was told where the attack on the soldiers by the Indians was made.
There were then growing some cottonwood trees near which I was told
the massacre occurred. One of those trees is still standing in the
street leading from Michigan Avenue to the lake and not very far from
the track of the Illinois Central Railway. This tree was pointed out
to me by both Mr. and Mrs Kinzie, as near the place where the attack
began. As the fight continued, the combatants moved south and went
over considerable space. Mrs. John H. Kinzie was a person of clear
and retentive memory and of great intelligence. She wrote a full and
graphic history of the massacre, obtaining her facts, in part, from
eye-witnesses, and I have no' doubts of her accuracy.

Very respectfully yours,
Isaac N. Arnold.

Letter from A. J. Galloway.

Chicago, February 8, 1884.

Captain A. T. Andreas.

_My dear sir:_--At your request I will state my recollections concerning the cottonwood tree in the east end of Eighteenth Street. When I removed from Eldredge Court to the present 1808 Prairie Avenue, in 1858, the tree was in apparent good condition, though showing all the marks of advanced age. The large lower branches (since cutoff), after mounting upward for a time, curved gracefully downward, so that a man riding under them could have readily touched their extremities with his whip at a distance of twenty or twenty-five feet from the body. From an intimate knowledge of the growth of trees, I have no doubt but its sapling life long ante-dated the time of the massacre of the Fort Dearborn garrison. I will venture the opinion that if it were cut down and the stump subjected to a careful examination, it would be found that the last two inches of its growth cover a period of fifty years at least.

Yours truly,
A. J. Galloway.

To these highly convincing letters. Captain Andreas adds verbal testimony as follows:

Charles Harpell, an old citizen, now living on the North Side, says
that as far back as he can remember this locality was known as "the
Indian battle-ground;" that years ago, when a boy, he with others
used to play there (the place, from its very associations, having
the strongest attractions) and hunt in the sand for beads and other
little trinkets, which they were wont to find in abundance. Mr.
Harpell relates, also, that he, while playing there one day, found an
old single-barreled brass pistol, which he kept for many years.

Mrs. Mary Clark Williams, whose father, H. B. Clark, purchased in
1833, the land on which the tree now stands, says that nearly fifty
years ago she played under the old cottonwood, and that it was then
a large and thrifty tree. In 1840 an old Indian told her that the
massacre occurred on that spot.

On the same branch of the subject, and in absolute conformation of the Clark testimony, see the following letter, later than the other, which I am glad to be able to give as "the conclusion of the matter."

Aspen, Colorado, March 15, 1890.

_Editor of the Tribune:_

I notice your interesting article on the subject of the Chicago
Massacre of 1812. I was born on what is now Michigan Avenue (then a
farm) and within 1,200 feet of this awful affair. Your article is in
the main correct, though not exactly so as regards the tree at the
foot of Eighteenth Street. This was one of a grove, consisting of
perhaps fifty to seventy-five large cotton-woods, extending from a
little north of Sixteenth to a little south of Eighteenth Street.
Almost in the center of this grove--I think the exact location would
be two hundred and fifty to three hundred feet north of Eighteenth
Street, on the east end of Wirt Dexter's lot--stood a "clump" of
eight or nine trees....

The sand-hills extended from about where the Illinois Central
round-house now is south to about Twenty-Fifth Street. They were
covered with low cedar trees, ground pine, and sand cherry bushes,
together with a perfect mat of sand prickers, to which the soles of
our feet often gave testimony when in swimming. The old cemetery,
where many of the old settlers were buried, was located near
Twenty-Second Street and Calumet Avenue. I think the McAvoy brewery
stands about the centre of it.

I sincerely hope something will be done to commemorate this awful
affair and perpetuate the memory of our ancestors, who fought the
Indians, the fleas and the ague to make so grand and beautiful a city
as Chicago.

Robert G. Clarke.

So much for the place selected for the bronze group, now for the work itself.

Carl Rohl-Smith, a Danish sculptor who had already won distinction in Europe and in America, and who came to Chicago under the strong attraction which the preparation of the World's Columbian Exposition offered for all artists, won notice and praise by his statue of Franklin, cast for the entrance of the Electrical building. This work pleased those interested highly, and the sculptor was invited to prepare the model for a group to commemorate the Fort Dearborn Massacre of 1812. Mr. Rohl-Smith, by the help of his accomplished wife, made a study of the historical facts connected with the event, and naturally concluded that Black Partridge saving the life of Mrs. Helm was the portion of the sad story which presented the most picturesque, dramatic and artistic features for reproduction. To this he added the killing of Surgeon VanVoorhees, which Mrs. Helm details almost in the same breath with the story of her own experience. The study, when completed in clay, won the approval of all observers (this acceptance being fortified by the warm admiration the group elicited from the best art-critics to whom it was submitted), and orders were at once given for the work; to be in bronze and of heroic proportions; the figure group to be nine feet high, set on a granite pedestal ten feet high.

Mr. Rohl-Smith set himself to work with the utmost diligence. Fortune favored him; for there happened to be just then some Indians of the must untamed sort at Fort Sheridan (only a few miles away), in charge of the garrison as prisoners of war, they having been captured in the Pine Ridge disturbance whereof the affair of Wounded Knee creek was the chief event. By General Miles's permission, Mr. Rohl-Smith was allowed to select two of these red-men to stand as models for the principal savage figures of the group. The two best adapted were "Kicking Bear" and "Short Bull." Concerning them Mr. Rohl-Smith says:

Kicking Bear is the best specimen of physical manhood I have ever
critically examined. He is a wonderful man and seems to enjoy the
novelty of posing, besides evidently having a clear understanding of
the use to which his figure will be put. The assailant of Mrs. Helm,
the one with the uplifted tomahawk [Short Bull] fills the historical
idea that the assailant was a "young" Indian, naturally one who
would not be as fully developed as the vigorous, manly chief, Black
Partridge. The presence of these Indians has been of great value to
me in producing the figures. I have been enabled to bring out some of
their characteristics not otherwise possible.

The savages were accompanied by an interpreter, and the newspapers of the day gave some amusing accounts of their demeanor in the studio; their mixture of docility and self-assertion, etc. It chanced that the real dispositions of the two principal models were the reverse of their assumed characters; and Kicking Bear (who, when wearing his native dress and war-paint, carried a string of _six scalps_ as part of his outfit), was much amused at the fact that he was assigned the more humane part. "Me, good Injun!" he cried; "him bad Injun!" And he laughed loudly at the jest.

The four faces of the granite pedestal bear appropriate _bas-reliefs_ cast in bronze. The front (south-west) shows the fight itself; the opposite side represents the train--troops, wagons, etc.--leaving the fort; one end gives the scene when Black Partridge delivered up his medal to Captain Heald, and the opposite end the death of the heroic Wells.

The various scenes bear descriptive inscriptions; and on the North-West face is the dedication, as follows:

Presented May, 1893, to the Chicago Historical Society, in Trust for
the City of Chicago and for Posterity.

The group stands on the scene of the fight, just one hundred and twenty feet east of the "Massacre tree" spoken of in chapter VII, and earlier in this appendix. Its position is admirable in the artistic point of view as well as in the historical, for it occupies the eastern extremity of Eighteenth Street and the northern of Calumet Avenue; separated from Lake Michigan only by the right of way of the Illinois Central railway. The hillocks which shielded the Indians in making their attack have been leveled down, but their sandy base forms an admirable foundation for the massive pedestal, which may well keep its place, unmoved, for a thousand years.

INDEX.

=A.=

Abbott, Dr. Lucius; 49.
Agency House; 48, 67, 79, 192.
Ah-mah-qua-zah-quah; 35, 173.
Allen, Colonel; 109.
American Fur Co.; 65, 164.
Anderson, Capt. Thomas C.; 66.
Andreas, Capt. A. T. quoted; 153, 163, 165, 167, 170, 216-218.
Andrews, Presley; 146, 150.
Arnold, Hon. I. N.; 148-149, 217.
Artaguiette; 124.
Astor's Fur Co.; 56, 65, 164.
Atwater, Major; 113, 114.

=B.=

Baker, B'vt Major D.; 144.
Bates, Eli, 126.
Battles, Joe; 63.
Baxley, Virginia; 194.
Beaubien, Alex.; 121, 194.
Beaubien, J. B.; 169.
Beckwith, H. W.; 168.
Bisson, Mrs.; 45, 46.
Black Bird; 40, 180.
Black Hawk; 32.
Black Partridge; 29, 30, 44-46, 90, 104, 220.
Black Partridge Medal; 91.
Blanchard, Rufus; 67, 158-161.
Block-House; 120.
Block-House Tablet; 125, 126.
Blodgett, Hon. H. W.; 189, 192.
Bowen, Joseph; 118.
Braddock's Defeat; 61.
Bradley, Capt. H.; 144.
British and Indians; 30, 77-79.
Brock, Gen.; 78.
Bronze Group; 29, 220, 221.
Brown, Maj. Gen.; 145.
Bunker Hill, Battle of; 107.
Burgoyne, Gen.; 58, 135.
Burman (soldier); 146.
Burnett, Geo.; 146, 150.
Burns, John and family; 72, 80, 103.
Burns, Robert; 134.
Butterfield, Justin; 148.

=C.=

Cahokia; 138.
Caldwell, Billy (Sauganash); 46, 47, 201, 203.
Callis, Mrs.; 48.
Calumet Club; 35.
Calumet Lake; 55.
Cass. Lewis; 83, 167, 168.
Caton, Hon. J. D.; 114, 153, 203-206.
Caton, Laura Sherrill; 205.
Chandonnais; 37, 38, 42, 43, 97, 102.
Chetlain, Mrs. Gen.; 180.
Chicago; _passim_; see table of contents.
Chicago in 1812 and in 1892; 95.
Chicago, the name; 54.
Chicago, Treaty of; 47.
Clark, Elizabeth; 159.
Clark, Geo. Rogers; 53, 54, 135.
Clark, H. B.; 218.
Clark, John K.; 159.
Clarke, Robert G.; 220.
Cleaver, Charles; 121.
Clybourn, Archibald; 160.
Clybourn, Jonas; 160.
Cobweb Castle; 48, 192.
Conflict of Authorities; 83, 84, 87.
Confute Indians; 116.
Cooper, Isabella; 197-9.
Cooper, John, Surg. Mate; 149, 150.
Corbin, James; 118, 146, 150.
Corbin, Phelim; 20, 118, 146, 150.
Corbin, Sukey; 20, 48, 119.
Cummings, Maj. Alex.; 144.
Custer slaughter; 33.

=D.=

Dearborn, Fort; see Fort Dearborn.
Dearborn, Gen. Henry; 57, 143.
Debou (Frenchman); 72.
Defence, possible; 192.
De Peyster, Col. A. S.; 53; 56, 134-136.
De Peyster, J. Watts; 134.
Du Pin, Madame; 104.
Durantaye; 155.
Dyer, Dyson; 118, 146, 150.

=E.=

Eastman, Lieut. J. L.; 113, 114.
Eastman, Jonathan, Paymaster; 189.
Edson, Nathan; 118, 150.
Edwards, J. H.; 176-7, 197-9.
Edwards, Maria (Heald); 183.
English employment of Indians; 77-79.
"Epeconier;" 35, 36.
Erie Canal; 210.
Evacuation of Fort Dearborn; 81, 88.

=F.=

Farnum, Isabella (Cooper); 197.
Fergus Hist. Series, quoted; 68, 120, 151, 152, 168.
Fergus, Robert; 190.
Fergus, Scott; 190, 191.
Ferson, Julia, 152.
Forsyth, Geo.; 158.
Forsyth, Robert; 158, 167.
Forsyth, Thomas; 158, 162, 166.
Forsyth, William; 157.
Fort Chartres; 133.
Fort Dearborn, _passim_; see table of contents.
Fort Dearborn, Records of; 143-150.
Fort Dearborn Verses; 127-129.
Fort George, Canada; 102.
Fort Maiden, Canada; 109.
Fort Meigs, Canada; 109.
François, half-breed; 100.
Franklin, Statue of; 220.
Free Masonry; 98, 178.
Freer, Dr. Otto; 191, 195.
French Period; 53.
Fry, Col.; 172.
Fury, John; 146, 150.

=G.=

Galloway, A. J.; 218.
Gardner's Military History, quoted; 151.
George III; 79, 84, 135.
Gilbert, Mary Ann; 173.
Glamorgan; 137.
Gordon, Mrs. Nellie Kinzie; 171.
Grade of streets changed; 210.
Grant, Gen. U. S.; 155.
Great Fire; 213, 214.
Greene, Capt. John; 144.
Greenville, Treaty of; 47, 54, 57, 90, 155, 159.
Griffith, Quartermaster; 100.
Grigg, Jane Wells; 173.
Grignon, Augustin; 139.
Grummond, Paul; 118, 146, 150.
"Grutte;" 24.
Guarie River; 57.

=H.=

Hackleys, Ann and John; 173.
Haines, Hon. John C.; 121, 192, 194, 195.
Hall, Benjamin; 160.
Hall, David; 160.
Hall, Eugene; 127.
Hallam, Rev. Mr.; 194.
Haliburton, Mrs.; 157.
Hamilton, Gen.; 135.
Hardscrabble; 71, 105.
Harmer, Gen.; 174.
Harpell, Charles; 218.
Harrison, W. H.; 44, 65, 107, 109, 201.
Hays, Sergeant; 105.
Hayti, Island of; 137.
Heald family; 173-183.
Heald, Hon. Darius; _passim_; see table of contents.
Heald manuscript lost; 99.
Heald, Captain Nathan; _passim_; see table of contents.
Heald, Rebekah (Wells); _passim_; see table of contents.
Heald, Rebekah, quoted; 31-38, 69, 83, 93, 97-99.
Helm, Lieut. Linai T.; 23, 33, 39, 41, 48, 49, 162, 181.
Helm, Margaret; _passim_; see table of contents.
Helm, Margaret, quoted; see Wau-Bun.
Hennepin; 133.
Henry, Patrick; 135.
Hispaniola; 137.
Historical Society; 29, 45, 165, 191.
Hooker, J. Lewis; 121.
Hosmer, Dr. A. B.; 191, 195.
House-raising; 209, 210.
Hoyt, William M.; 127.
Hubbard, G. S.; 57, 167, 169, 170, 188.
Hull, Gen.; 78, 80, 93, 114, 118, 180.
Hunt family, the; 199.
Hunter, Gen. David; 23.
Hurlbut's Antiquities; 54, 58, 62, 148, 154, 155, 162, 167.

=I.=

Indians; _passim_; see table of contents.
Indian Agency; 62, 63.
Indian Atrocities; 38.
Indian Group, (Ryerson's); 126.
Indian Treaties; 165.

=J.=

Jackson, Andrew; 107.
Jackson, Samuel; 194.
Jamison, Capt.; 194.
Jefferson, President; 57.
Jerked beef; 85.
Johnston, John; 175.
Jones, Fernando; 121, 192-195.
Jones, R. Adjt. Gen.; 145, 146.
Jordan, Walter; 116-118.
Jouett, Charles, 48, 61, 62.

=K.=

Kaskaskia; 133, 138.
Keamble, (soldier); 146.
Kee-ge-kaw or swift-goer; 66.
Kee-po-tah; 44, 100, 103, 112.
Kickapoos; 116.
Kicking Bear; 221.
King, Mrs. Henry W.; 217.
Kingsbury, Col. Jacob; 149.
Kingston, John T.; 138.
Kinzie family; 23, 46, 61, 68, 100, 120, 157-170.
Kinzie House; 19, 44, 46, 61, 64, 73, 80, 111, 167.
Kinzie, John; _passim_; see table of contents.
Kinzie, Mrs. John; 23, 43, 61, 165.
Kinzie, John Harris; 23, 61; 161, 164, 165, 171, 194.
Kinzie, Mrs. John Harris; 21, 28, 42, 82, 120, 163, 171, 216.
Kinzie, John Harris Jr.; 171, 172;
Kinzie, Ellen Marion; 23, 170.
Kinzie, Maria Indiana; 23.
Kinzie, Robert Allen; 23, 167.
Kinzie, Mrs. Robert Allen; 153, 170, 194.
Knowles, Joseph; 118.

=L.=

Laframboise, Josette; 24.
Laframboise, Pierre; 121, 194.
La Geuness, J. B.; 65.
Lake Erie, battle of; 109, 110.
Lalime, John; 70, 80, 163, 185.
La Salle, Robert Cavelier; 53, 54, 126, 133, 134.
Latrobe, John Joseph; 203.
Law, John, 133, 138.
Lawe, Judge John; 65.
Leclerc, Peresh; 30, 39.
Lee's place and family; 70-72, 80, 104, 105.
Le Mai; 57, 60, 137, 155.
Liber Scriptorum; 133-141.
Lincoln, Hon. Robert; 68, 143.
Little Belt, Sloop; 110.
Little Turtle (Me-che-kan-nah-quah); 32, 35, 55, 173-177.
Locker, Frederick; 146, 150.
Logan, Hugh; 119, 150.
Lord Liverpool's Government; 78, 79.
Lundy's Lane, battle of; 107.
Lynch, Michael; 146, 150.

=M.=

Macomb, Mr.; 112.
Macomb, Maj. Gen; 146.
Mackinaw; 53, 80, 102, 103.
Mad Anthony; see Wayne.
Maguago, battle of; 155.
Main Poc; 187.
Marquette; 53, 54, 71, 105, 133.
Mason, E. G.; 49, 138.
Massacre; 19-50 and _passim_.
Massacre tree; 33, 113, 216-219.
McCagg, Ezra; 192.
McCoy, Isaac; 63.
McCrea, Miss Jane; 135.
McKee, Col.; 100.
McKenzie, Elizabeth; 158, 159.
McKenzie, Isaac; 159.
McKenzie, John; 157.
McKenzie, Margaret; 158, 159, 163, 164.
McKillip, Eleanor; 160, 161.
McKillip, Margaret; 161.
McNeil, Col. J.; 144.
McPherson, Hugh; 146, 150.
Me-che-kan-nah-quah; 32, 35, 55, 173.
Miami Indians; 20, 24, 25-27, 89, 93, 116, 180.
Militia-men; 23, 38, 40.
Miller, Samuel; 161.
Mills, Elias; 118, 146.
Min-na-wack or Mill-wack-ie; 66, 103.
Mirandeau, Victoire; 189.
Morfitt, William; 146, 150.
Mott, August; 119, 150.
Mound City (gun-boat); 171.
Munsell's History, quoted; 45. 63, 67, 71, 80, 82.

=N.=

Napoleonic years; 63.
Nau-non-gee; 77, 105.
Neads, John, wife and child; 119, 150.
Nelson (soldier); 119.
Nee-scot-nee-meg; 45.
New Orleans, battle of, 107.
Niles Register, quoted; 108, 113, 115, 116, 118, 180.
Noble, Mark; 170.
Noke-no-qua, Miss; 187.
Nourse, Charles J.; 145.

=O.=

O'Fallon, Col.; 37, 178.
O'Fallon, Mo.; 38, 99, 178.
O'Strander, Philip; 149, 150.
Ottawas; 77.
Ouillemette; 19, 45, 46, 57, 155.

=P.=

Parc-aux-vaches; 23, 115, 166.
Patterson, Mr.; 109.
Pee-so-tum, 30, 41, 142.
Pe-me-zah-quah; 173.
Perry, Commodore; 107, 110.
Peterson (soldier); 146.
Pettell, M.; 80, 155.
Plattsburgh paper, quoted; 103.
Pointe de Saible, J. B.; 44, 53, 55-57, 60, 133-141, 157, 166.
Pope, Nathaniel; 173.
Porthier, Victoire Mirandeau; 189, 190.
Pottowatomies; 24, 25-27, 30, 40, 44, 46, 57, 88, 103, 123, 166.
Proctor, Gen.; 101, 108, 115, 119.
Posterity of Pioneers; John Whistler, John Kinzie, William Wells and
Nathan Heald; see appendix C, D and E.
Put-in-bay; 107, 114.

=Q.=

Queen Charlotte, (schooner); 113, 114.

=R.=

Relics recovered; 178.
Reveille; 19.
Roberts, Capt.; 181.
Robinson, Chief; 63, 101.
Rohl-Smith, Carl; 29, 220, 221.
Ronan, Lieut. George; 22, 28, 33, 40, 70, 83, 83, 144, 146, 181.
Round Head; 201.
Rumsey, Julian; 201.
Russell family; 80.
Ryerson, Martin; 126.
Ryswick, treaty of; 137.

=S.=

Sand-dunes; 25; 29, 31, 180.
Sauganash, the; 46, 47, 201, 202.
Scalped girl; 197.
Scott, Winfield; 107.
Senat, Jesuit; 124.
Shaubena; 138, 139, 202.
Shaw-nee-aw-kee, (Silver-smith); 68, 109, 158.
Shawnee Indians; 77, 201.
Sheaffe, Col.; 102.
Sheridan, Mrs. Gen.; 152.
Short Bull; 221.
Skeletons juried; 120, 121.
Skeleton in Hist. Society; 186.
Sleeping-car system; 212-214.
Smith, John; 146, 150.
St. Ange; 124.
St. Clair, Governor; 140, 174.
St. Cosme; 133.
St. Domingo; 137.
St. James' Church; 194.
St. Joseph's; 23, 59, 98, 100-102.
Stuart, David; 164.
Swearingen, Col. James S.; 58.
Sword of Capt. Heald; 99.

=T.=

Tanner, Dr. H. B.; 65.
Taylor, Augustus; 172.
Tecumseh; 32, 47, 106, 201.
Thames, battle of; 107.
Thompson, Lieut.; 194.
Tippecanoe, battle of; 44, 74, 77.
Tonti; 54, 133.
To-pee-nee-be; 24, 25, 27, 63, 100, 102.
Torture of wounded prisoners; 38, 43, 98.
Toussaint L'Ouverture; 138, 139.
"Tracy," schooner; 59, 67, 155.
Tree, Lambert; 126.

=V.=

Van Home, James; 118, 146, 150.
Van Voorhees, Dr. Isaac; 28, 33, 40, 144, 181, 220.
Vinsenne; 124.

=W.=

Wabash Indians; 44.
Wabash River; 144.
Wa-bin-she-way; 48.
Waggoner, Anthony L.; 150.
Wah-bee-nee-mah; 30.
Walk-in-the-water; 201.
Wa-nan-ga-peth; 35, 173.
War-dance; 203.
War of 1812; 80.
Washington, President; 175.
Wau-ban-see; 41, 44.
Waubansa stone; 147, 148.
Wau-Bun, quoted; 21, 23, 28, 81, 39, 41, 42, 44, 45, 62, 71, 72, 80, 82,
85, 86, 88, 90, 99-106, 108-110, 137, 186.
Wayne, Gen. Anthony; 47, 55, 56, 175, 202.
Webster, Daniel; 148.
Weem-tee-gosh; 100.
Wells family; 173-183.
Wells, Rebekah; 69, 70, 173.
Wells, Samuel; 36, 37, 69, 99, 173.
Wells, William; _passim_; see table of contents.
Wells Street; 35.
Wentworth, John; 68, 151, 152.
Whisky; 63, 87, 88.
Whistler family; 151-156.
Whistler, John; 58-61, 66, 69.
Whistler, John Jr.; 162.
Whistler, Major Geo. W.; 152.
Whistler, William; 58, 59.
Whistler, Mrs. Wm.; 59, 60, 61.
White Elk; 48.
White, Liberty; 71.
Williams, Mrs. Mary Clark; 118.
Wilmette; 57.
Winnebagoes; 77, 88, 116, 167.
Winnemeg; 41, 80, 81.
Wolcott, Alexander; 165, 169.
Wolcott, Henry Clay; 173.
Wolcott, James Madison; 35, 173, 177.
Wolcott, William Wells; 173.
Women and Children; 40, 49, 64.
Wood, Alonzo C.; 194.
Woodward, Augustus B.; 49.
Wounded for torture; 38, 43, 98.

DIBBLE PUBLISHING CO., 334 Dearborn Street, CHICAGO.

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MAJOR KIRKLAND'S FIVE BOOKS.

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Historical Works:

THE STORY OF CHICAGO. Cloth, $3.50; Half Morocco, $5.00; Full Morocco, Gilt Edged, $7.00.

THE CHICAGO MASSACRE OF 1812. Paper, 50 cts. Cloth, $1.00

Novels:

ZURY, THE MEANEST MAN IN SPRING COUNTY. Paper, 50 cts.; Cloth, $1.50.

THE McVEYS, AN EPISODE. Cloth, $1.25.

THE CAPTAIN OF COMPANY K. Illustrated. Paper, 50 cts.; Cloth, $1.00.

Each of the above books sent, carriage free, on the receipt of the price named. All three of the novels, in cloth, for $3.00.

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The two histories are devoted to a topic which the whole world agrees to consider, on the whole, the most interesting of all now offered for its attention, namely, the young giant of the West:--Chicago.

The last named, "The Chicago Massacre of 1812," is here, within these covers, to speak for itself. The first named, "The Story of Chicago," has been published for about a year, meeting a success without parallel among the books on this subject.

The publishers have received (beside hundreds of favorable reviews) the following eloquent personal letters, worth many ordinary critiques:

WHAT THE FOUR

OLIVER WENDELL HOLMES,
LOUISA CHANDLER MOULTON,
FRANCES E. WILLARD,
EDMUND C. STEDMAN,

HAVE TO SAY ABOUT

THE STORY OF CHICAGO:

Boston, March 19, 1892.

My Dear Mr. Dibble:

I have waited a few days to become acquainted with your beautiful book, "The Story of Chicago." It is indeed a story worth telling, and I thank you most heartily for giving me the opportunity of reading it and the privilege of placing it upon my shelves.

They used to tell us that the age of miracles had passed, but few recorded miracles compare with the wonder of this great city, springing up like a mushroom and hardening and spreading its branches until it stands like a mighty oak, king of the forest, with the promise of countless ages before it.

I have had great pleasure in looking at the splendid architectural monuments as they are figured in your pages. I have looked with the deepest interest on the portraits of the men who have wrought all these marvels, and I only wish that I could promise myself the delight of beholding Chicago as she will appear in her more than royal robes when the world is flocking to look at her, the Empress City of the West; it may be, by and by, of the Continent.

I am, dear sir. Very truly yours,
Oliver Wendell Holmes.

22 Rutland Square, }
Boston, Mass., April 11, 1892. }

Dear Mr. Dibble:

I have delayed to thank you for "The Story of Chicago" until I could find time to make myself thoroughly familiar with it; and I can now say, without hesitation, that it has interested me more than any other story of a town that I have ever read.

I congratulate you on having secured as its author so accomplished a writer as Major Kirkland, whose novels are a memorable delight, and who proves himself, in this fascinating "Story of Chicago," no less successful as a historian.

Your very numerous and beautiful illustrations add greatly to the value of the book; and surely this Story, (which reads like a chapter of miracles,) is a contribution to American history of which no one can afford to be ignorant.

Yours very sincerely,
Louise Chandler Moulton.

Rest Cottage, }
Evanston, Ill., June 23, 1892. }

The Dibble Publishing Co.,
Chicago, Ill.

Kind Friends:--"The Story of Chicago" is Major Kirkland's masterpiece. He has comprehended what envious New York has called the "Windy City," but which is in reality the Magic City, not only of America but of the world. Whoever helps to put this book under eyes that have not been blessed by its fair, inspiring pages and choice photogravures has helped to increase the sum of human happiness, for as the brain of man is creation's masterpiece so Chicago is the planet's whispering gallery of whatever is most hopeful, progressive and inspiring to humanity. Her history is the epic of the Great Lakes and the wonder-book of the prairies. Long may its crisp pages rustle in the breeze.

Frances E. Willard.

137 West 78th Street, }
New York, July 12th, 1892. }

Dear Mr. Dibble:

When you prevailed upon Major Kirkland to write the "Story of Chicago." you displayed once more your acumen. You induced the brilliant author of "Zury" to forego his imaginative work for a while, and to devote his talent to the narration of an "o'er true tale"--a tale, however, as strange and absorbing as any romance. I know he will get his reward, and I hope you will get yours.

But let me compliment you, heartily, upon the book itself, and upon the liberality and taste with which you have illustrated it. Every American is proud of Chicago, of her history, her great ambition, her financial and intellectual progress. Her record is faithfully set forth in your handsome volume. Whoever designs to visit Chicago and the Columbian Exposition should own and thoroughly read "The Story."

Ever sincerely yours,
Edmund C. Stedman.

Following the good practice of "letting other men do the talking," here are some of the countless public praises which came crowding in after the publication of each of the three novels:

KIRKLAND'S THREE NOVELS.

NE NOVEL ("Zury") tells of life on Zury's farm, and another ("The McVeys") tells of life at Springville and early Chicago, with glimpses of Lincoln, Douglas, David Davis, etc., and bring together Zury and Anne Sparrow, the hero and heroine of both novels: Of these two books Hamlin Garland in _The Boston Transcript_ says:

"The full revelation of inexhaustible wealth of native American
material ... will come to the Eastern reader with the reading of
"Zury" ... It is as native to Illinois as Tolstoi's "Anna Karenina"
and Torguenieff's "Father and Sons" are to Russia, its descriptions
are so infused with real emotion and so graphic. The book is
absolutely unconventional ... not a trace of the old-world literature
or society,--and every character is new and native ... The heroine is
a Boston girl, ... a bouncing, resolute, and very frank personage,
able to care for herself in any place. The central figure ... is
Zury.... This a great and consistent piece of character painting....
He fills the book with his presence and his inimitable comments upon
life and society.... A man whose better nature flowered late."

"The McVeys; An Episode," has the sincerity of history, and when one
reads it he is in the very atmosphere of Spring County. The surveying
crew, the railroad building and final jubilee, the lead mining all
go on under the eye.... The story of Anne and her children forms the
connecting thread of a book of great power and freshness.

The War novel won the first prize ($1,600) in the famous competition got up by the Detroit Free Press. In gaining favorable notices it quite equalled its two predecessors.

"The Captain of Company K." There is nothing in the nature of
artistic writing within the covers of "The Captain of Company K,"
by Maj. Joseph Kirkland, nor is there any of that kind called real
because it is ugly, but there is a good story of life in a volunteer
company in active service. The hero is a fine specimen of those
countless citizens to whom their country's need revealed their best
selves, and the heroine is an admirable likeness of the girls of her
time. The publishers compare the story to the work of Tolstoi and De
Maupassant, which is unjust to the author, whose mind is as free from
Russian morbidity as it is of French artistic instinct, and, being an
American, he is to be congratulated on both deficiencies. It is not
the most truthful writers, or the authors of the most wholesome books
who are carried away by the influence of contemporary foreigners,
any more than it is the manliest men who imitate the social caprices
of other countries. Maj. Kirkland has written an American story for
Americans, and has written it well.--_Boston Herald._

"The Captain of Company K," by Joseph Kirkland, is one of the very
few later stories of '61 which cannot fail to interest everybody. To
those readers who are already acquainted with Mr. Kirkland's "Zury"
and the "McVeys," and they are not a few, "Company K" will be a
double treat, as it carries some of the characters he has portrayed
in them through the scene of the great rebellion. The style of the
book is clearly hinted at in its unique dedication to "The surviving
men of the firing line; who could see the enemy in front of them with
the naked eye, while they would have needed a field glass to see the
history makers behind them." The private's impressions of war, formed
in the teeth of musketry, may be of less value to accurate history
than the view from the the epaulette quarter, but for dramatic
purposes the foot soldier's story is best, as Mr Kirkland proves by
his success with a military novel.--_Kingston (N. Y.) Freeman._

I read the story at one sitting, and morning found me closing the
volume. You have written a true book. That intimate image of certain
phases of the Civil War, which the mind's eye of the soldier alone
retains, and which, already dimmed by years, would soon have been
blotted forever, has been caught and fixed in literature.--_Major
Henry A. Huntington._

DIBBLE PUBLISHING CO.,

Sell on easy payments "A Library of American Literature," "New Chambers' Encyclopedia," "Webster's International Dictionary," and other standard illustrated publications, giving employment to hundreds of intelligent instructors and solicitors. Our friends, subscribers, solicitors and customers are cordially invited to make our office their headquarters during their stay at the World's Fair. Call or address,

Dibble Publishing Co.,
334 Dearborn St., Chicago.

=DIBBLE PUBLISHING COMPANY'S=

=World's Columbian Exposition=

=.......Pocket Record Book=

is alphabetically arranged, with maps, floor-plans and charts, so as to answer as a guide as to what is best worth seeing and how to see it and keep a perfect record, from day to day, of what you have inspected, with ample room for memoranda all through the book. Sent by mail, postage paid, on receipt of 10 cents.

"BUNKER HILL TO CHICAGO."

BY MRS. ELOISE O. RANDALL RICHBERG.

Is a charming story, of interest from start to finish. So cleverly is the tale unfolded there is no point at which to rest until the end is reached. The compassionate author closes on page 160. In paper covers, 50 cents, and will be sent postage paid to any address on receipt of price.

"FAY BANNING."

BY WILL J. BLOOMFIELD.

Speaks for itself in a language and style of its own, drawing the reader on, page after page, fully occupying the mind with dramatic scenes of exquisite taste and ever changing variety, in so clear and vivid a form the reader is inclined to feel he is really participating in, and helping to tell the story of his adventures and those of his friends who are leading characters in this beautiful drama of real life. 288 pages handsomely printed from close, clear type, neat cloth covers, $1.00; paper covers 50 cents, and will be sent, postage paid, to any address on receipt of price.

"LILY PEARL AND THE MISTRESS OF ROSEDALE."

BY THE BLIND BARD OF MICHIGAN.

This sweet singer, though blind, has so beautifully told the story of "Lily Pearl" that one of our leading authors says of her: "Sightless she is not, for in her the mind's eye is of a brilliancy that seems to make our mere physical vision useless by comparison. Better the soul's sight without eyes, than the eyesight without soul." 458 pages handsomely illustrated and neatly bound in cloth, $1.25. Address

=DIBBLE PUBLISHING CO.=
334 Dearborn St., Chicago.

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Transcriber Note

Images were moved so as to not split paragraphs. Hyphenation, outside of quoted passages, was standardized to the most prevalent form used. Minor typographical errors were corrected. To preserve the look of the original, the muster-roll on page 150 retains an asterisk rather than using a repeated footnote letter.

End of Project Gutenberg's The Chicago Massacre of 1812, by Joseph Kirkland