Chapter XXXVII: Conclusion: Conclusion (2)

+-----+-----------------------------------+------+------+------+-----+
| No. | | | | | |
| of | | | | Ar- | |
|Mail.| |Miles.|Start.|rival.|Date.|
+-----+-----------------------------------+------+------+------+-----+
| 1 |Road through the south of the city,| | | | |
| and |due south along the right bank of | | | | |
| 2. |the Jordan. Cross many creeks, | | | | |
| |viz., Kanyon Creek, 4¹⁄₄ miles; | | | | |
| |Mill Creek, 2¹⁄₂; First or Great | | | | |
| |Cotton-wood Creek, 2; Second | | | | |
| |ditto, 4; Fork of road, 1¹⁄₄; Dry | | | | |
| |Creek, 3¹⁄₂; Willow Creek, 2³⁄₄. | | | | |
| | | | | | |
| |After 22-23 miles, hot and cold | | | | |
| |springs, and half-way house, the | | | | |
| |brewery under the point of the | | | | |
| |mountain. Road across Ash-Hollow or| | | | |
| |Jordan Kanyon, 2 miles. Fords | | | | |
| |river, knee deep; ascends a rough | | | | |
| |divide between Utah Valley and | | | | |
| |Cedar Valley, 10 miles from camp, | | | | |
| |and finally reaches Cedar Creek and| | | |Sept.|
| |Camp Floyd. | 44 | 10 30| 9 30 | 20 |
| 3. |Leaves Camp Floyd; 7 miles to the | | | | |
| |divide of Cedar Valley. Crosses the| | | | |
| |divide into Rush Valley; after a | | | | |
| |total of 18·2 miles reaches Meadow | | | | |
| |Creek; good grass and water. Rush | | | | |
| |Valley mail station 1 mile beyond; | | | |Sept.|
| |food and accommodation. | 20 | 10 30| 9 30 | 27 |
| 4. |Crosses remains of Rush Valley 7 | | | | |
| |miles. Up a rough divide called | | | | |
| |General Johnston’s Pass. Spring, | | | | |
| |often dry, 200 yards on the right | | | | |
| |of the road. At Point Look-out | | | | |
| |leaves Simpson’s Road, which runs | | | | |
| |south. Cross Skull Valley; bad | | | | |
| |road. To the bench on the eastern | | | | |
| |flank of the desert. Station called| | | | |
| |Egan’s Springs, Simpson’s Springs, | | | | |
| |or Lost Springs, grass plentiful, | | A.M. | |Sept.|
| |water good. | 27 | 9 30 | 4 30 | 28 |
| 5. |New station; road forks to S.E., | | | | |
| |and leads, after 5 miles, to grass | | | | |
| |and water. After 8 miles, river | | | | |
| |bottom, 1 mile broad. Long line | | | | |
| |over desert to express station, | | | | |
| |called Dugway; no grass, and no | | | P.M. |Sept.|
| |water. | 20 | 12 | 5 30 | 29 |
| 6. |Steep road 2¹⁄₂ miles to the summit| | | | |
| |of Dugway Pass. Descend by a rough | | | | |
| |incline; 8 miles beyond the road | | | | |
| |forks to Devil’s Hole, 90 miles | | | | |
| |from Camp Floyd on Simpson’s route,| | | | |
| |and 6 miles S. of Fish Springs. | | | | |
| |Eight miles beyond the fork is | | | | |
| |Mountain Point; road winds S. and | | | | |
| |W., and then N. to avoid swamp, and| | | | |
| |crosses 3 sloughs. Beyond the last | | | | |
| |is Fish-Spring Station, on the | | | | |
| |bench--a poor place; water | | | | |
| |plentiful, but bad. Cattle here | | | | |
| |drink for the first time after Lost| | P.M. | A.M. |Sept.|
| |Springs, distant 48 miles. | 28 | 6 30 | 3 30 | 29 |
| 7. |Road passes many pools. Half way | | | | |
| |forks S. to Pleasant Valley | | | | |
| |(Simpson’s line). Road again rounds| | | | |
| |the swamp, crossing S. end of Salt | | | | |
| |Plain. After 21 miles, “Willow | | | | |
| |Creek;” water rather brackish. | | | | |
| |Station “Willow Springs” on the | | | | |
| |bench below the hills, at W. end of| | A.M. | |Sept.|
| |desert; grass and hay plentiful. | 22 | 10 | 3 30 | 30 |
| 8. |Road ascending the bench, turns N. | | | | |
| |to find the pass. After 6 miles, | | | | |
| |Mountain Springs; good water, | | | | |
| |grass, and fuel. Six miles beyond | | | | |
| |is Deep-Creek Kanyon, a dangerous | | | | |
| |ravine 9 miles long. Then descends | | | | |
| |into a fertile and well-watered | | | | |
| |valley, and after 7 miles enters | | | | |
| |Deep-Creek mail station. Indian | | A.M. | P.M. | Oct.|
| |farm. | 28 | 8 | 4 | 1 |
| 9. |Along Willow Creek. After 8 miles, | | | | |
| |“Eight-Miles Springs;” water, | | | | |
| |grass, and sage fuel. Kanyon after | | | | |
| |2¹⁄₂ miles, 500 yards long and | | | | |
| |easy. Then 19 miles through | | | | |
| |Antelope Valley to the station of | | | | |
| |the same name, burnt in June, 1860,| | | | |
| |by Indians. Simpson’s route from | | | | |
| |Pleasant Valley, distant 12·5 | | | | |
| |miles, falls into the E. end of | | | | |
| |Antelope Valley, from Camp Floyd | | A.M. | P.M. | Oct.|
| |151 miles. | 30 | 8 | 4 | 3, 4|
| 10. |Road over the valley for 2 miles to| | | | |
| |the mouth of Shell-Creek Kanyon, 6 | | | | |
| |miles long. Rough road; fuel | | | | |
| |plentiful. Descends into Spring | | | | |
| |Valley, and then passes over other | | | | |
| |divides into Shell Creek, where | | | | |
| |there is a mail station; water, | | A.M. | P.M. | Oct.|
| |grass, and fuel abundant. | 18 | 6 | 11 | 5 |
| 11. |Descends a rough road. Crosses | | | | |
| |Steptoe Valley and bridged creek. | | | | |
| |Road heavy, sand or mud. After 16 | | | | |
| |miles, Egan’s Kanyon, dangerous for| | | | |
| |Indians. Station at the W. mouth | | P.M. | P.M. | Oct.|
| |burned by Indians in October, 1860.| 18 | 2 | 6 | 5 |
| 12. |Pass the divide, fall into Butte | | | | |
| |Valley, and cross its N. end. | | | | |
| |Bottom very cold. Mail station half| | | | |
| |way up a hill; a very small spring;| | | | |
| |grass on the N. side of the hill. | | P.M. | A.M. | Oct.|
| |Butte Station. | 18 | 8 | 3 | 6 |
| 13. |Ascend the long divide; 2 steep | | | | |
| |hills and falls. Cross the N. end | | | | |
| |of Long Valley, all barren. Ascend | | | | |
| |the divide, and descend into Ruby | | | | |
| |Valley; road excellent; water, | | | | |
| |grass, and bottom; fuel distant. | | A.M. | P.M. | Oct.|
| |Good mail station. | 22 | 8 | 1 45 | 7 |
| 14. |Long divide; fuel plenty; no grass | | | | |
| |nor water. After 10 miles the road | | | | |
| |branches to the right hand to | | | | |
| |Gravelly Ford of Humboldt River. | | | | |
| |Cross a dry bottom. Cross Smith’s | | | | |
| |Fork of Humboldt River in | | | | |
| |Huntingdon Valley; a little stream;| | | | |
| |bunch-grass and sage fuel on the W.| | | | |
| |end. Ascend Chokop’s Pass, Dugway, | | | | |
| |and hard hill; descend into | | | | |
| |Moonshine Valley. Station at | | | | |
| |Diamond Springs; warm water, but | | A.M. | P.M. | Oct.|
| |good. | 23 | 8 | 1 45 | 8, 9|
| 15. |Cross Moonshine Valley. After 7 | | | | |
| |miles a sulphurous spring and | | | | |
| |grass. Twelve miles beyond ascend | | | | |
| |the divide; no water; fuel and | | | | |
| |bunch-grass plentiful. Then a long | | | | |
| |divide. After 9 miles, the station | | | | |
| |on Roberts’ Creek, at the E. end of| | | | |
| |Sheawit, or Roberts’ Springs | | A.M. | P.M. | Oct.|
| |Valley. | 28 | 8 | 1 45 | 10 |
| 16. |Down the valley to the west; good | | | | |
| |road; sage small; no fuel. After 12| | | | |
| |miles, willows and water-holes; 3 | | | | |
| |miles beyond there are alkaline | | | | |
| |wells. Station on the bench; water | | | | |
| |below in a dry creek; grass must be| | A.M. | P.M. | Oct.|
| |brought from 15 miles. | 35 | 6 30 |12 30 | 11 |
| 17. |Cross a long rough divide to Smoky | | | | |
| |Valley. At the northern end is a | | | | |
| |creek called “Wanahonop,” or | | | | |
| |“Netwood,” _i. e._, trap. Thence a | | | | |
| |long rough kanyon to Simpson’s | | | | |
| |Park; grass plentiful; water in | | | | |
| |wells 10 feet deep. Simpson’s Park | | | | |
| |in Shoshonee country, and, | | | | |
| |according to Simpson’s Itinerary, | | A.M. | P.M. | Oct.|
| |348 miles from Camp Floyd. | 25 | 8 15 | 2 25 | 12 |
| 18. |Cross Simpson’s Park. Ascend | | | | |
| |Simpson’s Pass, a long kanyon, with| | | | |
| |sweet “Sage Springs” on the summit;| | | | |
| |bunch-grass plentiful. Descend to | | | | |
| |the fork of the road; right hand to| | | | |
| |the lower, left hand to the upper | | | | |
| |ford of Reese’s River. Water | | A.M. | P.M. | Oct.|
| |perennial and good; food poor. | 15 | 10 | 2 | 13 |
| 19. |Through the remainder of Reese’s | | | | |
| |River Valley. After a long divide, | | | | |
| |the Valley of Smith’s Creek; | | | | |
| |saleratus; no water nor grass. At | | | | |
| |last, the station, near a kanyon, | | | | |
| |and hidden from view. The land | | A.M. | P.M. | Oct.|
| |belongs to the Pa Yutas. | 28 | 7 20 | 2 45 | 14 |
| 20. |Ascend a rough kanyon, and descend | | | | |
| |to a barren and saleratus plain. | | | | |
| |Toward the south of the valley over| | | | |
| |bench-land, rough with rock and | | | | |
| |pitch-hole. “Cold Springs Station” | | | | |
| |half built, near stream; fuel | | A.M. | P.M. | Oct.|
| |scarce. | 25 | 8 15 | 4 15 | 15 |
| 21. |At the west gate, 2 miles from the | | | | |
| |station, good grass. After 8 miles,| | | | |
| |water. Two miles beyond is the | | | | |
| |middle gate; water in fiumara, and | | | | |
| |grass near. Beyond the gate are 2 | | | | |
| |basins, long divides, winding road | | | | |
| |to “Sand Springs Valley;” bad | | A.M. | P.M. | Oct.|
| |water; little grass. | 35 | 9 50 | 2 30 | 16 |
| 22. |Cross the valley, 10 miles to the | | | | |
| |summit, over slough inundations and| | | | |
| |bad road. Summit shifting sand. | | | | |
| |Descend 5 miles to Carson Lake; | | | | |
| |water tolerable; tule abundant. | | | | |
| |Round the S. side of the lake to | | | | |
| |the sink of Carson River Station; | | | | |
| |no provisions; pasture good; fuel | | A.M. | P.M. | Oct.|
| |scarce. | 25 | 11 | 9 | 17 |
| 23. |Cross a long plain. Ascend a very | | | | |
| |steep divide, and sight Sierra 50 | | | | |
| |miles distant. Descend to Carson | | | | |
| |River. Fort Churchill newly built. | | A.M. | P.M. | Oct.|
| |Sutler’s stores, etc. | 25 | 9 30 | 7 15 | 18 |
| | | | | | Oct.|
| 24. | Carson City | 35 | 11 |10 30 | 19 |
| | | | | | |
| |Carson City lies on the eastern | | | | |
| |foot of the Sierra Nevada, distant | | | | |
| |552 statute miles, according to | | | | |
| |Captain Simpson, from Camp Floyd. | | | | |
| |The present itinerary reduces it to| | | | |
| |544, and, adding 44 miles, to a | | | | |
| |total of 588 from Great Salt Lake | | | | |
| |City. | | | | |
+-----+-----------------------------------+------+------+------+-----+

ITINERARY of Captain J. H. SIMPSON’S Wagon-road from Camp Floyd
to Genoa, Carson Valley, Utah Territory. Explored by direction of
General A. G. JOHNSTON, commanding the Department of Utah, between
the 2d of May and the 12th of June, 1859.

+----------------------------------------+-------+------+------+-----+
| | Inter-| From | Total| |
| |mediate| Camp | from | |
| | Dis- | to | Camp | No. |
| |tances.| Camp.|Floyd.| of |
| Places. | Miles.|Miles.|Miles.|Camp.|
+----------------------------------------+-------+------+------+-----+
|Camp Floyd, wood and grass in vicinity. | | | | |
|Meadow Creek. | 18·2 | 18·2 | 18·2| 1 |
| | | | | |
|Cross Meadow Creek (Rush Valley), mail | | | | |
|station ¹⁄₄ mile. | 1 | | | |
| | | | | |
|Spring ¹⁄₄ mile to the right of General | | | | |
|Johnston’s Pass, just after passing the | | | | |
|summit. This spring furnishes but little| | | | |
|water, even in the spring, and in the | | | | |
|summer would be most probably dry. | 8·9 | 9·9 | 28·1| 2 |
| | | | | |
|Simpson’s Springs, mail station. | 16·2 | 16·2 | 44·3| 3 |
| | | | | |
| | | | | |
|Summit, Short-cut Pass. | 21·6 | | | |
| | | | | |
| | | | | |
|1·6 miles below summit. | 1·6 | 23·2 | 67·5| 4 |
| | | | | |
| | | | | |
|Tolerable grass skirting a low range of | | | | |
|rocks on the right of the road. | 7·8 | | | |
| | | | | |
|A little grass; sage in valley. | 4·8 | | | |
| | | | | |
|Devil’s Hole; water slightly brackish. | 6·7 | | | |
| | | | | |
|Fish Springs, mail station. | 5·4 | 24·7 | 92·2| 5 |
| | | | | |
|Warm Springs. | 3·4 | | | |
| | | | | |
|Grass in considerable quantity of good | | | | |
|character. | 26·4 | 29·7 | 121·9| 6 |
| | | | | |
|Alkaline spring to the right of the | | | | |
|road; water not drinkable. | 1· | | | |
| | | | | |
|Sulphur springs; water abundant and | | | | |
|palatable. | 1·5 | 2·5 | 125· | 7 |
| | | | | |
|Spring, Pleasant Valley, mail station. | 13·4 | 13·4 | 138·4| 8 |
| | | | | |
|East side of Antelope Valley. | | 12·5 | 150·9| 9 |
| | | | | |
|Spring Valley; good grass on the west | | | | |
|bench and slopes. | | 19· | 169·9| 10 |
| | | | | |
|Cross a marsh; road takes up a fine | | | | |
|stream; grass all along. | 3·5 | | | |
| | | | | |
|Leave Creek. | 3·5 | | | |
| | | | | |
|Spring, copious; grass fine. | 2·8 | | | |
| | | | | |
|East side of Steptoe Valley, mail | | | | |
|station. | 1·3 | 11·1 | 181·0| 11 |
| | | | | |
|Steptoe Creek; dry in summer. | 6·5 | | | |
| | | | | |
|Mouth of Egan Kanyon. | 6·8 | 13·3 | 194·3| 12 |
| | | | | |
|Spring; source of Egan Creek. | 1·8 | | | |
| | | | | |
|West side of Butte Valley. Mail station;| | | | |
|a very small spring, barely sufficient | | | | |
|for cooking purposes, near the top of | | | | |
|the hill; grass on the N. side of same | | | | |
|hill. | 16·2 | 18·1 | 212·4| 13 |
| | | | | |
|Spring 1 mile west side of summit of | | | | |
|range. | 12· | 12· | 224·4| 14 |
| | | | | |
|Ruby Valley, mail station. | 9·2 | 9·2 | 233·6| 15 |
| | | | | |
|Smith’s Fork, Humboldt River, | | | | |
|Huntingdon’s Creek. | 14·4 | | | |
| | | | | |
|Small mountain stream. | 3·3 | 17·6 | 251·2| 16 |
| | | | | |
|Spring left of the road. | 1·2 | | | |
| | | | | |
|Near west foot of Cho-kupe Pass. | 5·8 | 7·1 | 258·3| 17 |
| | | | | |
|Spring in Pah-hun-nupe Valley. | 7·8 | | | |
| | | | | |
| | | | | |
|Do. west side of Pah-hun-nupe Valley. | 5·6 | 13·3 | 271·6| 18 |
| | | | | |
|She-a-wi-te (Willow) Creek. | 14·9 | 14·9 | 286·5| 19 |
| | | | | |
|Bed of Nash River; water in pools, | | | | |
|probably not constant. | 11·6 | | | |
| | | | | |
| | | | | |
|Small spring; grass on mountain side, 2 | | | | |
|miles off. | 5·9 | 17·5 | 304· | 20 |
| | | | | |
|Wons-in-dam-me, or Antelope Creek. | 7· | 7· | 311· | 21 |
| | | | | |
|Creek. | 4·3 | | | |
| | | | | |
|Creek west side of valley. | 9·5 | 13·7 | 324·7| 22 |
| | | | | |
|Wan-a-ho-no-pe (Netwood trap) Creek. | 13·6 | | | |
| | | | | |
|Wan-a-ho-no-pe (Netwood trap) Creek. | 4·6 | 18·2 | 342·9| 23 |
| | | | | |
|Simpson’s Park, according to | | | | |
|topographer, Lieutenant Putnam, and | | | | |
|guide, Colonel Reese. | 4·9 | 4·9 | 347·8| 24 |
| | | | | |
|Small spring in Simpson’s Pass (same | | | | |
|authority). | 3· | | | |
| | | | | |
|Ford of Reese’s River. | 8·2 | | | |
| | | | | |
|Reese’s River. | 2·6 | 13·8 | 361·6| 25 |
| | | | | |
|Leave Reese’s River. | 3·4 | | | |
| | | | | |
|Small spring to the left of the road, | | | | |
|just before reaching the summit of the | | | | |
|Pass. | 10· | | | |
| | | | | |
|Lieutenant J. L. Kirby Smith’s Creek. | 7·8 | 21·2 | 382·8| 26 |
| | | | | |
|Engleman’s Creek. | 1·6 | | | |
| | | | | |
|Lieutenant Putnam’s Creek. | 8·6 | 10·2 | 393· | 27 |
| | | | | |
|Lieutenant Putnam’s South Fork. | 2·7 | | | |
| | | | | |
|Rock Creek. | 3· | | | |
| | | | | |
|Rock Creek. | 3·1 | 8·7 | 401·7| 28 |
| | | | | |
|Rock Creek Sinks. | 1·7 | | | |
| | | | | |
|Spring-water kegs should be filled for 2| | | | |
|days. Camp from this in alkaline flat. | 5·4 | | | |
| | | | | |
|Gibraltar Gate. | 0·6 | | | |
| | | | | |
|Creek joins Gibraltar Creek. | 4·2 | | | |
| | | | | |
|Middle-Gate Spring. | 3·2 | 14·7 | 416·4| 29 |
| | | | | |
|West Gate. | 3·5 | | | |
| | | | | |
|Dry wells; alkaline valley; very poor | | | | |
|camp; water and grass alkaline, and | | | | |
|little of either. Rabbit-bush fuel. | 21·0 | 24·5 | 440·9| 30 |
| | | | | |
|Creek connecting the two lakes of | | | | |
|Carson. Road can be shortened some eight| | | | |
|or ten miles by striking across the head| | | | |
|of Alkaline Valley after getting about | | | | |
|nine miles from Camp 30, and then | | | | |
|proceeding directly to the shore of | | | | |
|Carson Lake. It is not necessary to go | | | | |
|so far north as the connecting creek | | | | |
|referred to. | | 16·6 | 457·5| 31 |
| | | | | |
|Leave Carson Lake. | 9·7 | | | |
| | | | | |
|Walker’s River. | 21·5 | 31·2 | 488·7| 32 |
| | | | | |
|Walker’s River. | | 10· | 498·7| 33 |
| | | | | |
|Walker’s North Bend. | | 6·3 | 505· | 34 |
| | | | | |
|Small spring, not sufficient for a large| | | | |
|command; grass ¹⁄₂ mile south. | 14·1| | | |
| | | | | |
|Carson River. | 1·9 | | | |
| | | | | |
|Carson River. | 3·0 | 19·0 | 524· | 35 |
| | | | | |
|Pleasant Grove; cross Carson River and | | | | |
|get into Old Emigrant Road. Mail | | | | |
|station. | 9·0 | 9·0 | 533· | 36 |
| | | | | |
|China Town. Gold diggings. | 7·4 | | | |
| | | | | |
|Carson City. East foot of Sierra Nevada.| 11·6 | 19·0 | 552· | 37 |
| | | | | |
|Genoa. East foot of Sierra Nevada. | 12·9 | 12·9 | 564·9| 38 |
+----------------------------------------+-------+------+------+-----+

+----------------------------------------+-----+-----+------+------+
| | | | | |
| | | | | |
| | No. | | | |
| | of | | | |
| Places. |Camp.|Wood.|Water.|Grass.|
+----------------------------------------+-----+-----+------+------+
|Camp Floyd, wood and grass in vicinity. | | | W | |
|Meadow Creek. | 1 | | | |
| | | | | |
|Cross Meadow Creek (Rush Valley), mail | | | | |
|station ¹⁄₄ mile. | | | | |
| | | | | |
|Spring ¹⁄₄ mile to the right of General | | | | |
|Johnston’s Pass, just after passing the | | | | |
|summit. This spring furnishes but little| | | | |
|water, even in the spring, and in the | | | | |
|summer would be most probably dry. | 2 | W | W | G |
| | | | | |
|Simpson’s Springs, mail station. | 3 | W | W | G |
| | | | | |
| | | Wil-| | |
|Summit, Short-cut Pass. | | low | | |
| | | | | |
| | | | | very |
|1·6 miles below summit. | 4 | Sage| |little|
| | | | | grass|
| | | | | |
|Tolerable grass skirting a low range of | | | | |
|rocks on the right of the road. | | | | G |
| | | | | |
|A little grass; sage in valley. | | S | | G |
| | | | | |
|Devil’s Hole; water slightly brackish. | | | W | |
| | | | | |
|Fish Springs, mail station. | 5 | Ctw | W | G |
| | | | | |
|Warm Springs. | | GW | W | G |
| | | | | |
|Grass in considerable quantity of good | | | | |
|character. | 6 | | | G |
| | | | | |
|Alkaline spring to the right of the | | | | |
|road; water not drinkable. | | | | |
| | | | | |
|Sulphur springs; water abundant and | | | | |
|palatable. | 7 | W,S | W | G |
| | | | | |
|Spring, Pleasant Valley, mail station. | 8 | W | W | G |
| | | | | |
|East side of Antelope Valley. | 9 | W | W | G |
| | | | | |
|Spring Valley; good grass on the west | | | | |
|bench and slopes. | 10 | GW | W | G |
| | | | | |
|Cross a marsh; road takes up a fine | | | | |
|stream; grass all along. | | | | |
| | | | | |
|Leave Creek. | | W | W | G |
| | | | | |
|Spring, copious; grass fine. | | W | W | G |
| | | | | |
|East side of Steptoe Valley, mail | | | | |
|station. | 11 | W | W | G |
| | | | | |
|Steptoe Creek; dry in summer. | | | | |
| | | | | |
|Mouth of Egan Kanyon. | 12 | W | W | G |
| | | | | |
|Spring; source of Egan Creek. | | W | W | G |
| | | | | |
|West side of Butte Valley. Mail station;| | | | |
|a very small spring, barely sufficient | | | | |
|for cooking purposes, near the top of | | | | |
|the hill; grass on the N. side of same | | | | |
|hill. | 13 | W | W | G |
| | | | | |
|Spring 1 mile west side of summit of | | | | |
|range. | 14 | W | W | G |
| | | | | |
|Ruby Valley, mail station. | 15 | GW | W | G |
| | | | | |
|Smith’s Fork, Humboldt River, | | | | |
|Huntingdon’s Creek. | | | | |
| | | | | |
|Small mountain stream. | 16 | GW | W | G |
| | | | | |
|Spring left of the road. | | GW | W | G |
| | | | | |
|Near west foot of Cho-kupe Pass. | 17 | GW | W | G |
| | | | | |
|Spring in Pah-hun-nupe Valley. | | | | |
| | | | | |
| | | S,W | | |
|Do. west side of Pah-hun-nupe Valley. | 18 | GW | W | G |
| | | | | |
|She-a-wi-te (Willow) Creek. | 19 | S,W | W | G |
| | | | | |
|Bed of Nash River; water in pools, | | | | |
|probably not constant. | | | | |
| | | | | |
| | | | | |
|Small spring; grass on mountain side, 2 | | | | |
|miles off. | 20 | S,W | W | G |
| | | | | |
|Wons-in-dam-me, or Antelope Creek. | 21 | W | W | G |
| | | | | |
|Creek. | | S,W | W | G |
| | | | | |
|Creek west side of valley. | 22 | S,W | W | G |
| | | | | |
|Wan-a-ho-no-pe (Netwood trap) Creek. | | | | |
| | | | | |
|Wan-a-ho-no-pe (Netwood trap) Creek. | 23 | S,W | W | G |
| | | | | |
|Simpson’s Park, according to | | | | |
|topographer, Lieutenant Putnam, and | | | | |
|guide, Colonel Reese. | 24 | S,W | W | G |
| | | | | |
|Small spring in Simpson’s Pass (same | | | | |
|authority). | | | | |
| | | | | |
|Ford of Reese’s River. | | | W | G |
| | | | | |
|Reese’s River. | 25 | | W | G |
| | | | | |
|Leave Reese’s River. | | | W | G |
| | | | | |
|Small spring to the left of the road, | | | | |
|just before reaching the summit of the | | | | |
|Pass. | | | | |
| | | | | |
|Lieutenant J. L. Kirby Smith’s Creek. | 26 | GW | W | G |
| | | | | |
|Engleman’s Creek. | | | W | |
| | | | | |
|Lieutenant Putnam’s Creek. | 27 | S,W | W | G |
| | | | | |
|Lieutenant Putnam’s South Fork. | | W | W | G |
| | | | | |
|Rock Creek. | | W | W | G |
| | | | | |
|Rock Creek. | 28 | W | W | G |
| | | | | |
|Rock Creek Sinks. | | | | |
| | | | | |
|Spring-water kegs should be filled for 2| | | | |
|days. Camp from this in alkaline flat. | | | W | |
| | | | | |
|Gibraltar Gate. | | | W | |
| | | | | |
|Creek joins Gibraltar Creek. | | | | |
| | | | | |
|Middle-Gate Spring. | 29 | S,W | W | G |
| | | | | |
|West Gate. | | | | |
| | | | | |
|Dry wells; alkaline valley; very poor | | | | |
|camp; water and grass alkaline, and | | Rab.| | |
|little of either. Rabbit-bush fuel. | 30 | bush| W | G |
| | | | | |
|Creek connecting the two lakes of | | | | |
|Carson. Road can be shortened some eight| | | | |
|or ten miles by striking across the head| | | | |
|of Alkaline Valley after getting about | | | | |
|nine miles from Camp 30, and then | | | | |
|proceeding directly to the shore of | | | | |
|Carson Lake. It is not necessary to go | | | | |
|so far north as the connecting creek | | Dry | | |
|referred to. | 31 | rush| W | R,G |
| | | | | |
|Leave Carson Lake. | | | W | R,G |
| | | | | |
|Walker’s River. | 32 | W | W | G |
| | | | | |
|Walker’s River. | 33 | W | W | G |
| | | | | |
|Walker’s North Bend. | 34 | W | W | G |
| | | | | |
|Small spring, not sufficient for a large| | | | |
|command; grass ¹⁄₂ mile south. | | S,W | W | G |
| | | | | |
|Carson River. | | | | |
| | | | | |
|Carson River. | 35 | W | W | G |
| | | | | |
|Pleasant Grove; cross Carson River and | | | | |
|get into Old Emigrant Road. Mail | | | | |
|station. | 36 | W | W | G |
| | | | | |
|China Town. Gold diggings. | | | W | |
| | | | | |
|Carson City. East foot of Sierra Nevada.| 37 | | W | G |
| | | | | |
|Genoa. East foot of Sierra Nevada. | 38 | W | W | G |
+----------------------------------------+-----+-----+------+------+

(Signed), J. H. SIMPSON, Capt. Top. Engineers.

To Brevet Major F. J. Porter, Assist. Adj. Gen., Dept. Utah, Camp
Floyd.

II. DESCRIPTION OF THE MORMON TEMPLE.

[_Extracted from the Deserét News._]

The following is a brief detail of the temple, taken from drawings in my office in Great Salt Lake City.

The Temple Block is 40 rods square, the lines running north and south, east and west, and contains 10 acres. The centre of the temple is 156 feet 6 inches due west from the centre of the east line of the block. The length of said house east and west is 186¹⁄₂ feet, including towers, and the width 99 feet. On the east end there are three towers, as also on the west. Draw a line north and south 118¹⁄₂ feet through the centre of the tower, and you have the north and south extent of ground-plan, including pedestal.

We depress into the earth at the east end to the depth of 16 feet, and enlarge all around beyond the lines of wall 3 feet for a footing. The north and south walls are 8 feet thick clear of pedestal; they stand upon a footing of 16 feet wall on its bearing, which slopes 3 feet on each side to the height of 7¹⁄₂ feet. The footing of the towers rise to the same height as the side, and is one solid piece of masonry of rough ashlars, laid in good lime mortar.

The basement of the main building is divided into many rooms by walls, all having footings. The line of the basement floor is 6 inches above the top of the footing. From the towers on the east to the towers on the west, the face of the earth slopes 6 feet; 4 inches above the earth on the east line begins a promenade walk from 11 to 22 feet wide around the entire building, and approached by stone steps as the earth slopes and requires them. There are four towers on the four corners of the building, each starting from their footing of 26 feet square; these continue 16¹⁄₂ feet high, and come to the line of the base string course, which is 8 feet above the promenade walk. At this point the towers are reduced to 25 feet square; they then continue to the height of 38 feet, or the height of the second string course. At this point they are reduced to 23 feet square; they then continue 38 feet high to the third string course. The string courses continue all around the building, except when separated by buttresses. These string courses are massive mouldings from solid blocks of stone.

The two east towers then rise 25 feet to a string course or cornice. The two west towers rise 19 feet, and come to their string course or cornice. The four towers then rise 9 feet to the top of battlements. These towers are cylindrical, having 17 feet diameter inside, within which stairs ascend around a solid column 4 feet in diameter, allowing landings at the various sections of the building. These towers have each five ornamental windows on two sides above the basement. The two centre towers occupy the centre of the east and west ends of the building, starting from their footings 31 feet square, and break off in sections in line with corner towers, to the height of the third string course. The east centre tower then rises 40 feet to the top of battlements; the west centre tower rises 34 feet to the top of battlements. All these towers have spires; the east centre tower rises 200 feet, while the west centre tower rises 190 feet. All these towers at their corners have octagon turrets, terminated by octagon pinnacles 5 feet diameter at base, 4 feet at first story, and three feet from there up. There are also on each side of these towers two buttresses, except where they come in contact with the body of the main building. The top of these buttresses show forty-eight in number, and stand upon pedestals. The space between the buttresses and turrets is 2 feet at the first story. On the front of the two centre towers are two large windows, each 32 feet high, one above the other, neatly prepared for that place.

On the two west corner towers, and on the west end a few feet below the top of battlements, may be seen in alto-relievo and bold relief the great dipper, or Ursa Major, with the pointers ranging nearly toward the north star. (Moral: the lost may find themselves by the priesthood.)

I will now glance at the main body of the house. I have before stated that the basement was divided into many rooms. The central one is arranged for a baptismal font, and is 59 feet long by 35 feet wide, separated from the main wall by four rooms, two on each side, 19 feet long by 12 feet wide. On the east and west sides of these rooms are four passages 12 feet wide; these lead to and from by outside doors, two on the north and two on the south. Farther east and west from these passages are four more rooms, two at each end, 28 feet wide by 38¹⁄₂ long. These two thin walls occupy the basement. All the walls start off their footings, and rise 16¹⁄₂ feet, and there stop with groin ceiling.

We are now up to the line of the base string course, 8 feet above the promenade or steps rising to the temple, which terminates at the cope of the pedestal, and to the first floor of said house. This room is joined to the outer courts, these courts being the width between towers 16 feet by 9 in the clear. We ascend to the floors of these courts (they being on a line with the first floor of the main house) by four flights of stone steps 9¹⁄₂ feet wide, arranged in the basement work, the first step ranging to the outer line of towers. From these courts doors admit to any part of the building.

The size of the first large room is 120 feet long by 80 feet wide; the height reaches nearly to the second string course. The room is arched over in the centre with an elliptical arch, which drops at its flank 10 feet, and has 38 feet span. The side ceilings have one fourth elliptical arches, which start from the side walls of the main building 16 feet high, and terminate at the capitals of the columns, or foot of centre arch, at the height of 24 feet. The columns obtain their bearings direct from the footings of the said house; these columns extend up to support the floor above. The outside walls of this story are 7 feet thick. The space, from the termination of the foot of the centre arch to the outer wall, is divided into sixteen compartments, eight in each side, making rooms 14 feet by 14, clear of partitions, and 10 feet high, leaving a passage of 6 feet wide next to each flank of the centre arch, which is approached from the ends. These rooms are each lighted by an elliptical or oval window, whose major axis is vertical.

The second large room is one foot wider than the room below; this is in consequence of the wall being but 6 feet thick, falling off 6 inches on the inner and 6 on the outer side. The second string course provides for this on the outer side. The rooms of this story are similar to those below. The side walls have nine buttresses on a side, and have eight tiers of windows, five in each tier.

The foot of the basement windows are 8 inches above the promenade, rise 3 feet perpendicular, and terminate in a semicircular head. The first-story windows have 12 feet long of sash to the top of the semicircular head. The oval windows have 6¹⁄₂ feet length of sash. The windows of the second story are the same as those below. All these frames have 4¹⁄₂ feet width of sash. The pedestals under all the buttresses project at their base 2 feet; above their base, which is 15 inches by 4¹⁄₂ feet wide, on each front is a figure of a globe 3 feet 11 inches across, whose axis corresponds with the axis of the earth.

The base string course forms a cope for those pedestals. Above this cope the buttresses are 3¹⁄₂ feet, and continue to the height of 100 feet. Above the promenade, close under the second string course on each of the buttresses, is the moon, represented in its different phases. Close under the third string course or cornice is the face of the sun. Immediately above is Saturn with his rings. The buttresses terminate with a projected cope.

The only difference between the tower buttresses and the one just described is, instead of Saturn being on them, we have clouds and rays of light descending.

All of these symbols are to be chiseled in bas-relief on solid stone. The side walls continue above the string course or cornice 8¹⁄₂ feet, making the walls 96 feet high, and are formed in battlements interspersed with stars.

This roof is quite flat, rising only 8 feet, and is to be covered with galvanized iron or some other metal. The building is to be otherwise ornamented in many places. The whole structure is designed to symbolize some of the great architectural work above. The basement windows recede in from the face of the outer wall to the sash frame 23 inches, and are relieved by a large cavetto, while on the inside they are approached by stone steps.

Those windows above the base recede from the face of the wall to the sash frame 3 feet, and are surrounded by stone jambs formed in mouldings, and surmounted by labels over each, which terminate at their horizon, excepting the oval windows, whose labels terminate as columns, which extend from an enriched string course at the foot of each window to the centre of the major axis. My chief object in the last paragraph is to show to the judgment of any who may be baffled how those windows can be come at, etc., etc. All the windows in the towers are moulded, and have stone jambs, each being crowned with label mouldings. The whole house covers an area of 21,850 feet.

For farther particulars, wait till the house is done, then come and see it.

(Signed), TRUMAN O. ANGELL, _Architect_.

III. THE MARTYRDOM OF JOSEPH SMITH.

BY APOSTLE JOHN TAYLOR.

Being requested by George A. Smith and Willford Woodruff, Church historians, to write an account of events that transpired before and took place at the time of the martyrdom of Joseph Smith, in Carthage jail, in Hancock County, State of Illinois, I write the following principally from memory, not having access to any public documents relative thereto farther than a few desultory items contained in Ford’s “History of Illinois.” I must also acknowledge myself considerably indebted to George A. Smith, who was with me when I wrote it, and who, although not there at the time of the bloody transaction, yet from conversing with several persons who were in the capacity of Church historians, and aided by an excellent memory, has rendered me a considerable service. These and the few items contained in the notes at the end of this account is all the aid I have had. I would farther add that the items contained in the letter, in relation to dates especially, may be considered strictly correct.

After having written the whole, I read it over to the Hon. J. M. Bernhisel, who, with one or two slight alterations, pronounced it strictly correct. Brother Bernhisel was present most of the time. I am afraid that, from the length of time that has transpired since the occurrence, and having to rely almost exclusively on my memory, there may be some slight inaccuracies, but I believe that in the general it is strictly correct; as I figured in those transactions from the commencement to the end, they left no slight impression on my mind.

In the year 1844, a very great excitement prevailed in some parts of the counties of Hancock, Brown, and other neighboring counties, in relation to the “Mormons,” and a spirit of vindictive hatred and persecution was exhibited among the people, which was manifested in the most bitter and acrimonious language, as well as by acts of hostility and violence, frequently threatening the destruction of the citizens of Nauvoo and vicinity, and utter annihilation of the “Mormons” and “Mormonism,” and in some instances breaking out in the most violent acts of ruffianly barbarity; persons were kidnapped, whipped, prosecuted, and falsely accused of various crimes; their cattle and houses injured, destroyed, or stolen; vexatious prosecutions were instituted to vex, harass, and annoy. In some remote neighborhoods they were expelled from their homes without redress, and in others violence was threatened to their persons and property, while in others every kind of insult and indignity was heaped upon them, to induce them to abandon their homes, the county, or the state.

These annoyances, prosecutions, and persecutions were instigated through different agencies and by various classes of men, actuated by different motives, but all uniting in the one object, prosecution, persecution, and extermination of the Saints.

There were a number of wicked and corrupt men living in Nauvoo and its vicinity who had belonged to the Church, but whose conduct was incompatible with the Gospel; they were accordingly dealt with by the Church and severed from its communion; some of these had been prominent members, and held official stations either in the city or Church. Among these was John C. Bennett, formerly Mayor; William Law, Councilor to Joseph Smith; Wilson Law, his natural brother, and general in the Nauvoo Legion; Dr. R. D. Foster, a man of some property, but with a very bad reputation; Francis and Chauncey Higbee, the latter a young lawyer, and both sons of a respectable and honored man in the Church, known as Judge Elias Higbee, who died about twelve months before.

Besides these, there were a great many apostates, both in the city and country, of less notoriety, who, for their delinquencies, had been expelled from the Church. John C. Bennett and Francis and Chauncey Higbee were cut off from the Church; the former was also cashiered from his generalship for the most flagrant acts of seduction and adultery; and such was the scandalous nature of the developments in their cases, that the high council before whom they were tried had to sit with closed doors.

William Law, although councilor to Joseph, was found to be his most bitter foe and maligner, and to hold intercourse, contrary to all law, in his own house, with a young lady resident with him, and it was afterward proved that he had conspired with some Missourians to take Joseph Smith’s life, and was only saved by Josiah Arnold, who, being on guard at his house, prevented the assassins from seeing him. Yet, although having murder in his heart, his manners were generally courteous and mild, and he was well calculated to deceive.

General Wilson Law was cut off from the Church for seduction, falsehood, and defamation; both the above were also court-martialed by the Nauvoo Legion and expelled. Foster was also cut off, I believe, for dishonesty, fraud, and falsehood. I know he was eminently guilty of the whole, but whether these were the specific charges or not, I don’t know, but I do know that he was a notoriously wicked and corrupt man.

Besides the above characters and “Mormonic” apostates, there were other three parties. The first of these may be called religionists, the second politicians, and the third counterfeiters, blacklegs, horse-thieves, and cut-throats.

The religious party were chagrined and maddened because “Mormonism” came in contact with their religion, and they could not oppose it from the Scriptures; and thus, like the ancient Jews, when enraged at the exhibition of their follies and hypocrisies by Jesus and his apostles, so these were infuriated against the Mormons because of their discomfiture by them; and instead of owning the truth and rejoicing in it, they were ready to gnash upon them with their teeth, and to persecute the believers in principles which they could not disprove.