Chapter XXXIV: Miscellaneous (2)

ADVENTURE WITH THE APACHES. FERRY. 0 35 ALTHEA. NIRDLINGER. 0 50 AS GOLD IN THE FURNACE. COPUS. 1 00 AS TRUE AS GOLD. MANNIX. 0 35 BELL FOUNDRY. SCHACHING. 0 35 BERKLEYS, THE. WIGHT. 0 35 BEST FOOT FORWARD, THE. FINN. 1 00 BETWEEN FRIENDS. AUMERLE. 0 50 BISTOURI. MELANDRI. 0 35 BLISSLYVANIA POST-OFFICE, THE. TAGGART. 0 35 BOB O’LINK. WAGGAMAN. 0 35 BROWNIE AND I. AUMERLE. 0 50 BUNT AND BILL. MULHOLLAND. 0 35 BY BRANSCOME RIVER. TAGGART. 0 35 CAMP BY COPPER RIVER. SPALDING. 1 00 CAPTAIN TED. WAGGAMAN. 0 50 CAVE BY THE BEACH FORK. SPALDING. 1 00 CHARLIE CHITTYWICK. BEARNE. 1 00 CHILDREN OF CUPA. MANNIX. 0 35 CHILDREN OF THE LOG CABIN. DELAMARE. 0 50 CLARE LORAINE. “LEE.” 0 50 CLAUDE LIGHTFOOT. FINN. 1 00 COLLEGE BOY, A. YORKE. 1 00 CUPA REVISITED. MANNIX. 0 35 CUPID OF CAMPION. FINN. 1 00 DADDY DAN. WAGGAMAN. 0 35 DEAR FRIENDS. NIRDLINGER. 0 50 DIMPLING’S SUCCESS. MULHOLLAND. 0 35 ETHELRED PRESTON. FINN. 1 00 EVERY-DAY GIRL, AN. CROWLEY. 0 35 FAIRY OF THE SNOWS, THE. FINN. 1 00 FIVE BIRDS IN A NEST. DELAMARE. 0 50 FIVE O’CLOCK STORIES. 0 75 FLOWER OF THE FLOCK, THE. EGAN. 1 00 FOR THE WHITE ROSE. HINKSON. 0 35 FRED’S LITTLE DAUGHTER. SMITH. 0 35 FREDDY CARR’S ADVENTURES. GARROLD. 0 50 FREDDY CARR AND HIS FRIENDS. GARROLD. 0 50 GOLDEN LILY, THE. HINKSON. 0 35 GREAT CAPTAIN, THE. HINKSON. 0 35 GUILD BOYS’ PLAY AT RIDINGDALE. BEARNE. 1 00 HALDEMAN CHILDREN, THE. MANNIX. 0 35 HARMONY FLATS. WHITMIRE. 0 50 HARRY DEE. FINN. 1 00 HARRY RUSSELL. COPUS. 1 00 HEIR OF DREAMS, AN. O’MALLEY. 0 35 HIS FIRST AND LAST APPEARANCE. FINN. 1 00 HOSTAGE OF WAR, A. BONESTEEL. 0 35 HOW THEY WORKED THEIR WAY. EGAN. 0 50 IN QUEST OF ADVENTURE. MANNIX. 0 35 IN QUEST OF THE GOLDEN CHEST. BARTON. 0 50 JACK. RELIGIOUS.H. C. J. 0 35 JACK HILDRETH ON THE NILE. TAGGART. 0 50 JACK-O’-LANTERN. WAGGAMAN. 0 35 JUNIORS OF ST. BEDE’S. BRYSON. 0 50 JUVENILE ROUND TABLE First Series, Second Series, Third Series. Each 1 00 KLONDIKE PICNIC, A. DONNELLY. 0 50 LEGENDS AND STORIES OF THE HOLY CHILD JESUS. LUTZ. 0 75 LITTLE APOSTLE ON CRUTCHES. DELAMARE. 0 35 LITTLE GIRL FROM BACK EAST. ROBERTS. 0 35 LITTLE LADY OF THE HALL. RYEMAN. 0 35 LITTLE MARSHALLS AT THE LAKE. NIXON-ROULET. 0 50 LITTLE MISSY. WAGGAMAN. 0 35 LOYAL BLUE AND ROYAL SCARLET. TAGGART. 1 00 MAD KNIGHT, THE. SCHACHING. 0 35 MADCAP SET AT ST. ANNE’S. BRUNOWE. 0 35 MAKING OF MORTLAKE. COPUS. 1 00 MARKS OF THE BEAR CLAWS. SPALDING. 1 00 MARY TRACY’S FORTUNE. SADLIER. 0 35 MELOR OF THE SILVER HAND. BEARNE. 1 00 MILLY AVELING. SMITH. 0 50 MIRALDA. JOHNSTON. 0 35 MORE FIVE O’CLOCK STORIES. 0 75 MOSTLY BOYS. FINN. 1 00 MYSTERIOUS DOORWAY. SADLIER. 0 35 MYSTERY OF CLEVERLY. BARTON. 0 50 MYSTERY OF HORNBY HALL. SADLIER. 0 50 NAN NOBODY. WAGGAMAN. 0 35 NED RIEDER. WEHS. 0 50 NEW BOYS AT RIDINGDALE. BEARNE. 1 00 NEW SCHOLAR AT ST. ANNE’S. BRUNOWE. 0 50 OLD CHARLMONT’S SEED-BED. SMITH. 0 35 OLD MILL ON THE WITHROSE. SPALDING. 1 00 ON THE OLD CAMPING GROUND. MANNIX. 1 00 OUR LADY’S LUTENIST. BEARNE. 1 00 PANCHO AND PANCHITA. MANNIX. 0 35 PAULINE ARCHER. SADLIER. 0 35 PERCY WYNN. FINN. 1 00 PERIL OF DIONYSIO, THE. MANNIX. 0 35 PETRONILLA, AND OTHER STORIES. DONNELLY. 0 50 PICKLE AND PEPPER. DORSEY. 1 00 PILGRIM FROM IRELAND. CARNOT. 0 35 PLAYWATER PLOT, THE. WAGGAMAN. 0 50 POLLY DAY’S ISLAND. ROBERTS. 1 00 POVERINA. BUCKENHAM. 0 50 QUEEN’S PAGE, THE. HINKSON. 0 35 QUEEN’S PROMISE, THE. WAGGAMAN. 0 50 QUEST OF MARY SELWYN. CLEMENTIA. 1 00 RACE FOR COPPER ISLAND. SPALDING. 1 00 RECRUIT TOMMY COLLINS. BONESTEEL. 0 35 RIDINGDALE FLOWER SHOW. BEARNE. 1 00 ROMANCE OF THE SILVER SHOON. BEARNE. 1 00 ST. CUTHBERT’S. COPUS. 1 00 SANDY JOE. WAGGAMAN. 1 00 SEA-GULL’S ROCK. SANDEAU. 0 35 SEVEN LITTLE MARSHALLS. NIXON-ROULET. 0 35 SHADOWS LIFTED. COPUS. 1 00 SHEER PLUCK. BEARNE. 1 00 SHERIFF OF THE BEECH FORK. SPALDING. 1 00 SHIPMATES. WAGGAMAN. 0 50 STRONG-ARM OF AVALON. WAGGAMAN. 1 00 SUGAR CAMP AND AFTER. SPALDING. 1 00 SUMMER AT WOODVILLE, A. SADLIER. 0 35 TALES AND LEGENDS OF THE MIDDLE AGES. CAPELLA. 0 75 TALISMAN, THE. SADLIER. 0 50 TAMING OF POLLY, THE. DORSEY. 1 00 THAT FOOTBALL GAME. FINN. 1 00 THAT OFFICE BOY. FINN. 1 00 THREE LITTLE GIRLS, AND ESPECIALLY ONE. TAGGART. 0 35 TOLD IN THE TWILIGHT. SALOME. 0 50 TOM LOSELY: BOY. COPUS. 1 00 TOM PLAYFAIR. FINN. 1 00 TOM’S LUCK-POT. WAGGAMAN. 0 35 TOORALLADDY. By JULIA C. WALSH. 0 35 TRANSPLANTING OF TESSIE. WAGGAMAN. 0 50 TREASURE OF NUGGET MOUNTAIN. TAGGART. 0 50 TWO LITTLE GIRLS. MACK. 0 35 UNCLE FRANK’S MARY. CLEMENTIA. 1 00 UPS AND DOWNS OF MARJORIE. WAGGAMAN. 0 35 VIOLIN MAKER, THE. Adapted by SARA TRAINER SMITH. 0 35 WAYWARD WINIFRED. SADLIER. 1 00 WINNETOU, THE APACHE KNIGHT. TAGGART. 0 50 WITCH OF RIDINGDALE. BEARNE. 1 00 YOUNG COLOR GUARD. BONESTEEL. 0 35

FOOTNOTES

1 U. S. Constitution, Amendments, art. i, art. xiv, sec. 1.

2 Lives of the Popes, Montor, vol. i, p. 94; Life of Leo XIII,
“Philippine Question.”

3 The Science of Jurisprudence, Taylor, p. 506; Historical
Jurisprudence, Lee, p. 328.

4 Ancient Egypt, Rawlinson, vol. i, p. 323.

5 Historical Jurisprudence, Lee, pp. 98, 164, 274; History of England,
Lingard, vol. i, c. vii; The Science of Jurisprudence, Taylor, p.
506.

6 Historical Jurisprudence, Lee, p. 257.

7 Historical Jurisprudence, Lee, p. 271.

8 The Beginnings of Christianity, Shahan, 90.

9 Elements of Ecclesiastical Law, Smith.

10 Historical Jurisprudence, Lee, p. 387; Justinian, Sandar, p. 21.

11 The Beginnings of Christianity, Shahan.

12 Universal Church History, Alzog.

13 Law Dictionary, Bouvier, “Benefit of Clergy,” “Canon Law”;
Blackstone, vol. i, p. 460, vol. iii, p. 61.

14 Blackstone, vol. i, p. 461.

15 Justinian, Sandar, p. 21; Cyc, vol. viii, p. 366, vol. xiv, p. 1228;
Eq. Jurisprudence, Pomeroy, vol. i, p. 1; The Science of
Jurisprudence, Taylor, p. 255 et seq; Blackstone, vol. i, pp. 18-20,
63; Kent, vol. i, p. 10; English Constitution, Creasy.

16 Blackstone, vol. i, p. 82, vol. iv, c. 33; The Science of
Jurisprudence, Taylor, p. 337; Conflict of Laws, Wharton, sec. 172.

17 The American Cyclopedia, “Bologna.”

18 The Science of Jurisprudence, Taylor, p. 238.

19 Blackstone, vol. i, pp. 18-20, 79, vol. iv, c. 33.

20 Commentaries, Kent, vol. i, c. xi, pp. 342, 473, 515, 525-544, vol.
ii, p. 27; Origin and Nature of the Constitution and Government of
U. S., U. S. Sup. Ct. Reps., 9 L. Ed., 873.

21 Commentaries, Kent, vol. i, p. 472; Blackstone, vol. i, p. 107.

22 Commentaries, Kent, vol. ii, pp. 35-37; Conflict of Laws, Wharton
(3rd ed.), vol. ii, pp. 1327-8.

23 Law of Fraternities, Scanlan, ch. xxiv; Conflict of Laws, Wharton,
sec. 109; Baxter v. McDonald, 155 N. Y., 83; 49 N. E., 667; Morris
v. Dart, 67 S. C, 338; 45 S. E., 753; 100 Am. St. R., 734; Terrett
v. Taylor, 13 U. S., 43; 3 L. Ed., 650.

24 Weld v. May, 9 Cushing, Mass., 181.

25 Martin v. State, 65 Tenn., 234.

26 A Manual of Catholic Theology, Wilhelm and Scannell, p. xvii, et
seq.

27 A Catholic Dictionary, Addis and Arnold, “Dogma.”

28 In re St. Louis Inst. of Christian Science, 27 Mo. App., 633.

29 Hale v. Everett, 53 N. H., 9.

30 State v. Trustees, 7 Ohio St., 58.

31 Kniskern v. Lutheran Church, 1 Sandford, N. Y., Ch. 439.

32 State v. Hallock, 16 Nev., 373.

33 Stephenson v. Hanyon, 7 Dist. Ct. Rep. Pa., 585.

34 State v. Board, 134 Mo., 296; 35 S. W., 617.

35 Synod v. State, 2 S. Dak., 366; 50 N. W., 632; 14 L. R. A., 418.

36 Stebbins v. Jennings, 10 Pick., Mass., 172.

37 State v. District Board, 76 Wis., 177; 44 N. W., 967; 20 Am. St.
Rep., 41; 7 L. R. A., 330.

38 Hackett v. Brooksville, 27 Ky. L., 1021; 87 N. W., 792; 69 L. R. A.,
592.

39 State v. Board, 134 Mo., 296; 35 S. W., 617; 56 Am. St. Rep., 503.

40 County v. Industrial School, 125 Ill., 540; 18 N. E., 183; 1 L. R.
A., 437; 8 Am. St. Rep., 386.

41 “Wis. Industrial School for Girls,” Wisconsin Blue Book. Session
Laws of Wis., 1907, p. 1416 (index to Acts). Wis. Industrial School
for Girls v. Clark Co., 103 Wis., 651; 79 N. W., 422.

42 O’Connor v. Hendrick, 184 N. Y., 421; 77 N. E., 612.

43 Hysong v. Gallitzen, 164 Pa., 629; 30 At., 482; 44 Am. St. Rep.,
623; 26 L. R. A., 203; Dorner v. School Dist., 118 N. W., 353 (Nov.
27, 1908). A good résumé of the subject is given in a footnote in
105 Am. St. R., 151.

44 Stafford v. State, 45 So., 673. A Protestant Dictionary, Wright &
Neil, and Webster’s Dictionary, “Worship.” A Catholic Dictionary,
Addis and Arnold, “Latria.”

45 Gass’s App., 73 Pa., 46; 13 Am. Rep., 726; State v. Norris, 59 N.
H., 536.

46 St. Joseph’s Church v. Assessors, 12 R. I., 19; 34 Am. R., 597;
Gerke v. Purcell, 25 Ohio, 229; Am. & Eng. Ency. of L., “Worship.”

47 Ante, 28; Post, 346.

48 Catholic Catechism.

49 Sherman v. Baker, 20 R. I., 446; 40 At., 11; 40 L. R. A., 717.

50 Webster v. Surghow, 69 N. H., 380; 45 At., 139; 48 L. R. A., 100.

51 Coleman v. O’Leary, 114 Ky., 388; 70 S. W., 1068.

52 McEntee v. Bonacum, 66 Neb., 651; 92 N. W., 633.

53 American and English Encyclopedia of Law, “Parishoner.”

54 Ibid., “Minister”; 7 Cyc, 189, “Clergy.”

55 Ibid.

56 Ibid.

57 Davies v. Beason, 133 U. S., 333; 33 L. Ed., 637.

58 Simpson v. Welcome, 72 Me., 496.

59 Board v. Minor, 23 Ohio St., 250.

60 Baxter v. Langley, 38 L. J., M. C., 1.

61 Art. vi.

62 Ex parte Garland, 4 Wallace, 333; 18 L. Ed., 366.

63 Church of Latter-Day Saints v. U. S., 136 U. S., 1; 34 L. Ed., 478;
140 U. S., 665; 35 L. Ed., 592.

64 Reynolds v. United States, 8 Otto, 145; 25 L. Ed., 244.

65 Church of Latter-Day Saints v. U. S., 136 U. S., 1; 34 L. Ed., 478;
140 U. S., 665; 35 L. Ed., 592.

66 Davis v. Beason, 133 U. S., 333; 33 L. Ed., 637.

67 Fenelon v. Girard, 2 Howard, 127; 11 L. Ed., 205.

68 State v. Marble, 72 Ohio St., 21; 73 N. E., 1063; State v.
Chenoweth, 163 Ind., 94; 71 N. E., 197; People v. Reetz, 127 Mich,
87; 86 N. W., 396; 59 Cen. L. J., 202; 68 L. R. A., 432.

69 Thaxter v. Jones, 4 Mass., 570.

70 Hale v. Everett, 53 N. H., 9.

71 Federal and State Constitutions, Stimson.

72 Bradford v. Roberts, 175 U. S., 291; 44 L. Ed., 168; 20 Sup. Ct. R.,
121; Municipality of Ponce v. The Roman Catholic Apostolic Church,
28 Sup. Ct. R., 737 (1908).

73 Terrett v. Taylor, 9 Cranch, 43; 3 L. Ed., 650; Municipality, etc.,
v. Church, 28 Sup. Ct. R., 737.

74 Millard v. Board, 19 Ill., 48; Dorner v. Dist., 118 N. W., 353.

75 Ashby v. Wellington, 25 Mass., 524.

76 Federal and State Constitutions, Stimson, p. 139; Hale v. Everett,
53 N. H., 9.

77 State v. Trustees, 11 Ohio, 24.

78 First v. Leach, 35 Vt., 108.

79 Federal and State Constitutions, Stimson, p. 139.

80 State v. District, 76 Wis., 177; 44 N. W., 967; 20 Am. St. R., 41; 7
L. R. A., 330.

81 Church v. Bullock, 100 S. W. (Tex.), 1025; Millard v. Board, 121
Ill., 297; 10 N. E., 669; Hackett v. Brooksville, 27 Ky. L., 1021;
87 S. W., 792; 69 L. R. A., 592; 61 C. L. J., 49.

82 Church v. Bullock, 100 S. W., 1025.

83 Moore v. Monroe, 64 Ia., 367; 20 N. W., 475; 66 L. R. A., 166; 52
Am. R., 444; Pfeiffer v. Board, 118 Mich., 560; 77 N. W., 250; 42 L.
R. A., 536.

84 Hysong v. Gallitzin Borough School, 164 Pa. St., 629; 30 At., 482;
26 L. R. A., 203; Dorner v. School District, 118 N. W., Wis., 353
(Nov. 27, 1908).

85 O’Connor v. Hendricks, 96 N. Y. S., 161.

86 Ch. 723, L. 1895.

87 West v. Otteson, 80 Wis., 62; 49 N. W., 24; Ferraria v.
Vasconcellos, 23 Ill., 456; 31 Ill., 25.

88 Gitzhoffen v. Sisters, 88 Pac., 691; 32 Utah, 46; Trustees v. B. P.
O. E., 122 Wis., 452; 100 N. W., 837.

89 Hermits v. County, 7 Pa. L. J., 124.

90 Trustees v. Manning, 72 Md., 116; 19 At., 599.

91 In re Van Horn, 18 R. I., 389.

92 Wardens v. Blanc, 8 Rob, La., 51.

93 Rutherford v. Hill, 22 Or., 218; 29 Pac., 546; 17 L. R. A., 549; 56
Cen. L. J., 221; Wechselberg v. Flour, 64 F., 90.

94 Jewett v. Thames Bank, 16 Conn., 511.

95 Jeffts v. York, 10 Cushing, 392.

96 Allen v. M. E. Church, 127 Ia., 96; 102 N. W., 808; 69 L. R. A.,
255; Sawyer v. Methodist, 18 Vt., 405.

97 Wise v. Perpetual Trustees, House of Lords, 57 C. L. J., 104.

98 Sheehy v. Blake, 77 Wis., 394; 46 N. W., 537; 69 L. R. A., 255.

99 Clark v. O’Rourke, 111 Mich., 108; 69 N. W., 147.

100 Bradford v. Cary, 5 Me., 339; Lynch v. Pfeiffer, 110 N. Y., 33; 17
N. E., 402; In re St. Luke’s, 17 Philadelphia, 261.

101 Addison v. Brock, 3 Me., 243.

102 Stebbins v. Jennings, 10 Pickering, 172.

103 Municipality of Ponce v. Roman Catholic Church, 28 Sup. Ct. R., 737;
6 Cyc, 915.

104 Ferraria v. Vasconcellos, 31 Ill., 25; Mason v. Muncaster, 9
Wheaton, 468; 6 L. Ed., 131.

105 Wheaton v. Gates, 18 N. Y., 395.

106 South v. Yates, 1 Hoff. N. Y., 142; Miller v. Chittendon, 42 Ia.,
252; Newmarket v. Smart, 45 N. H., 87; Evangelical Appeal, 35 Pa.
St., 316.

107 Congregational Society v. Swan, 2 Vt., 222.

108 Horton v. Baptist Church, 34 Vt., 309.

109 Associated Reform Church v. Theological Seminary, 4 N. J. Eq., 77.

110 Taylor v. Edison, 4 Cushing, 522.

111 Laws of 1895, ch. 723; Religious Corporations, Cummings and Gilbert.

112 Heiss v. Vosburg, 59 Wis., 532; 18 N. W., 463.

113 Tartar v. Gibbs, 24 Md., 323.

114 Christian C. v. C., 219 Ill., 503; 76 N. E., 703.

115 Jackson v. Legate, 9 Wendell, N. Y., 377.

116 10 Cyc, 235-244.

117 Atty-Gen. v. Dutch, 36 N. Y., 452.

118 Methodist v. Pickett, 23 Barber, 436.

119 Sutton v. Cole, 8 Mass., 96.

120 Miller v. English, 21 N. J. L., 317.

121 Enos v. Church, 187 Mass., 40; 72 N. E., 253.

122 Baptist v. Wetherell, 3 Paige, N. Y., 296; In re Williams, 105 N. Y.
S., 1105; Contra: First R. P. Ch. v. Bowden, 10 Abb., N. C., 1.

123 Bellports v. Tooker, 29 Barber, N. Y., 256.

124 Sutter v. First, 42 Pa. St., 503.

125 Atwater v. Woodbridge, 6 Conn., 223.

126 Wardens v. Hall, 22 Conn., 125.

127 Beach, Private Corporations, vol. i, p. 608.

128 Free Ch. of Scotland v. Overton, Appeal Cases, House of Lords, 1904;
Winnebrenner v. Colder, 43 Pa. St., 244.

129 Rules of Order, Scanlan, c. iii.

130 Christ’s Ev. L. C., 5 Pa. Co. Court, 121.

131 In re Zion, 8 Kulp. Pa., 239.

132 In re Hebron, 9 Phil., 609.

133 U. S. v. Church, 5 Utah, 361, 394, and 538; 15 Pac., 473; 16 Pac.,
723; 18 Pac., 35.

134 Neil v. Vestry, 8 Gill., 116.

135 Madison v. Baptist, 26 N. Y., 570; Stokes v. Phelps, 47 Hun., 570.

136 German, etc., 9 Pa. Co. C., 12.

137 Evenson v. Ellingson, 72 Wis., 242; 39 N. W., 330.

138 Toby v. Wareham, 54 Mass., 440.

139 Weber v. Zimmerman, 22 Md., 156; Wyncoop v. Cong., 10 La., 185.

140 Magie v. German, 13 N. J. Eq., 77.

141 Esterbrook v. Tillinghast, 71 Mass., 17.

142 South v. Clapp, 18 Barber, N. Y., 35.

143 Tilden v. Metcalf, 2 Day, Conn., 259; Heiss v. Vosburg, 59 Wis.,
532; 18 N. W., 518.

144 Keller v. Tracy, 11 Ia., 530.

145 Verrian v. Methodist, 44 Abbott Pr., 424.

146 Trustees v. Hoessli, 13 Wis., 348.

147 Franke v. Mann, 106 Wis., 118; 81 N. W., 1014.

148 Den. v. Pilling, 24 N. J. L., 653.

149 Mormon v. United States, 136 U. S., 1; 33 L. Ed., 639.

150 In re Methodist, 67 Hun., 86.

151 In re Union, 6 Abb., N. C., 398.

152 First v. Brownell, 5 Hun., 464.

153 Evenson v. Ellingson, 72 Wis., 242; 39 N. W., 330.

154 Rules of Order, Scanlan, 20; Tartar v. Gibbs, 24 Md., 328; Sutter v.
First, 42 Pa. St., 503.

155 Rose v. Vertin, 46 Mich., 457; 9 N. W., 491; Tuigg v. Sheehan, 101
Pa. St., 363.

156 Am. & Eng. Ency. of L., “Religious Societies.”

157 Den. v. Bolton, 12 N. J. L., 206.

158 Bonacum v. Murphy, 65 Neb., 831, and 71 Neb., 463; 98 N. W., 1030;
102 N. W., 267, and 104 N. W., 180.

159 Bonacum v. Murphy, 71 Neb., 463; 104 N. W., 180; Bowden v. MacLeod,
1 Edw., N. Y., 588.

160 Congregation v. Martin, 4 Rob., La., 62.

161 Fitzgerald v. Robinson, 112 Mass., 371; Grosvenor v. United States,
118 Mass., 78; Post, 132.

162 Wardens v. Blanc, 8 Rob., La., 51.

163 Bowldin v. Alexander, 82 U. S., 131; 21 L. Ed., 69.

164 Den. v. Pilling, 24 N. J. L., 653.

165 Appeal of McAuley, 77 Pa., 397.

166 Smith v. Swormstedt, 57 U. S., 288; 14 L. Ed., 942.

167 Skilton v. Webster, Bright, Pa., 203; Mt. Helena Bp. Ch., 79 Miss.,
488; 30 So. Rep., 714.

168 Smith v. Swormstedt, 57 U. S., 288; 14 L. Ed., 942.

169 Tartar v. Gibbs, 24 Md., 323; Papalion v. Manusos, 113 Ill. App.,
316.

170 People v. Steele, 2 Barber, 397.

171 Stebbins v. Jennings, 10 Pickering, 172.

172 Elizabeth City v. Kennedy, Bush, 44, N. C. Law, 89.

173 Diffendorf v. Reformed Church, 20 Johns., N. Y., 12.

174 Sutton v. Trustees, 42 Pa., 503.

175 Baxter v. McDonald, 155 N. Y., 83; 49 N. E., 667.

176 Wardens v. Blanc, 8 Rob., 51.

177 Young v. Ransom, 31 Barb., 49.

178 Perry v. Wheeler, 75 Ky., 541.

179 Sheldon v. Easton, 4 Mass., 281; Congregation v. Peres, 42 Tenn.,
620; Thompson v. Catholic, 22 Mass., 469.

180 Proprietors v. Proprietors, 48 Mass., 496.

181 Dempsey v. North, 98 Mich., 444; 57 N. W., 267.

182 Hackett v. Mt. Pleasant, 46 Ark., 291.

183 Chatard v. O’Donovan, 80 Ind., 20.

184 Brestor v. Burr, 120 N. Y., 427; 8 L. R. A., 710; 24 N. E., 937.

185 Walker v. Wainwright, 16 Barb., 486.

186 O’Hara v. Stack, 90 Pa., 477.

187 Stack v. O’Hara, 98 Pa. St., 213.

188 Cooper v. McKenna, 104 Mass., 284.

189 Leahy v. Williams, 141 Mass., 345.

190 State v. Winkle, 14 N. H., 480.

191 Methodist v. Sherman, 36 Wis., 404.

192 Baldwin v. McKlinch, 1 Me., 102.

193 Elizabeth City v. Kennedy, 44 N. C., 89.

194 Calkins v. Cheney, 92 Ill., 463.

195 St. Patrick’s v. Daly, 116 Ill., 76; 4 N. E., 241.

196 Congregation v. Martin, 4 Rob., La., 62.

197 Meyer v. Baptist, 38 Vt., 614.

198 Congregation v. Martin, 4 Rob., 62.

199 Whittmore v. Fourth, 68 Mass., 306.

200 St. Patrick’s v. Daly, 4 N. E., 241; 116 Ill., 76.

201 Tuigg v. Treacy, 104 Pa., 493.

202 Tartar v. Gibbs, 24 Md., 323.

203 Heiss v. Murphy, 40 Wis., 276, 278; Den. v. Pilling, 24 N. J. L.,
653.

204 Weckerly v. Geyer, 11 Ser. R. Pa., 35.

205 Weinbrenner v. Colder, 43 Pa. St., 244.

206 People v. Tuthil, 31 N. Y., 550.

207 Price v. Lyon, 14 Conn., 280.

208 Suter v. Spangler, 4 Phil., 331.

209 Smith v. Pedigo, 145 Ind., 36; 32 L. R. A., 836; 33 N. E., 777.

210 McGuire v. Trustees, 54 Hun., 207.

211 Church v. Halverson, 42 Minn., 503; 44 N. W., 563; Day v. Bolton, 12
N. J. L., 206; Den. v. Pilling, 24 N. J. L., 653.

212 Osgood v. Bradley, 7 Me., 411.

213 Baptist v. Witherell, 24 Am. Dec., 223; 3 The Catholic Cyclopedia,
755; Contra: First R. P. Ch. v. Bowden, 10 Abb., N. C, 1. See post
134, 156.

214 Jewett v. Thames, 16 Conn., 511.

215 Chick v. Trevett, 20 Me., 462; Allen v. M. E. Church, 127 Ia., 96;
102 N. W., 808; 69 L. R. A., 255.

216 Sheehy v. Blake, 72 Wis., 411; 39 N. W., 479; 9 L. R. A., 564.

217 Chase v. Merrimac, 34 Mass., 564; Bigelow v. Congregation, 15 Vt.,
370.

218 Richardson v. Butterfield, 60 Mass., 191.

219 State v. Hebrew, 31 La. Ann., 205; 33 Am. Rep., 217; Grosvenor v.
United States, 118 Mass., 78; Watson v. Garbin, 54 Mo., 358.

220 State v. Getty, 69 Conn., 286; 37 At., 188.

221 Free Church of Scotland v. Overton, Appeal Cases, House of Lords,
1904; Fuchs v. Meisel, 102 Mich., 357; 32 L. R. A., 92; 60 N. W.,
773.

222 Methodist v. Wood, 5 Ohio, 12.

223 McGinnis v. Watson, 41 Pa. St., 9.

224 German v. Seibert, 3 Pa. St., 282.

225 Sutter v. First, 42 Pa. St., 503.

226 Miller v. Gable, 2 Den., N. Y., 492; Eis v. Croze, 149 Mich., 62;
112 N. W., 943; Dressen v. Brameier, 56 Ia., 756; 9 N. W., 193;
Amish v. Gelhaus, 71 Ia., 170; 32 N. W., 318.

227 Lamm v. Cain, 129 Ind., 486; 14 L. R. A., 518.

228 Fernald v. Lewis, 6 Me., 264.

229 Trustees v. Henschell, 48 Minn., 494; 51 N. W., 477.

230 Perry v. Tupper, 74 N. C., 722.

231 Wanner v. Emanuel, 174 Pa., 466.

232 West v. Ottesen, 80 Wis., 62; 49 N. W., 24.

233 Second v. First, 23 Conn., 255.

234 Smith v. Swormstedt, 57 U. S., 288; 14 L. Ed., 942.

235 Nelson v. Benson, 69 Ill., 27; Brown v. Porter, 10 Mass., 93.

236 Page v. Crosby, 41 Mass., 211.

237 Harper v. Straws, 53 Ky., 48; Hale v. Everett, 53 N. H., 9; Wiswell
v. First, 14 Ohio St., 31; Reorganized v. Church, 60 Fed., 937; 32
L. R. A., 838; Fernstler v. Seibert, 114 Pa., 196; 6 At., 165.

238 Shannon v. First, 42 Ky., 253.

239 Servatius v. Pichel, 34 Wis., 292; McGrath v. Finn, 16 Alb. L. J.,
186; Morasse v. Borchee, 151 Mass., 567; 25 N. E., 74.

240 Farnsworth v. Storrs, 59 Mass., 412.

241 Bowldin v. Alexander, 15 Wall., 131; 21 L. Ed., 69; Ante, sec. 116,
post 156.

242 In re Paulson’s will, 127 Wis., 612; 107 N. W., 484.

243 Barry v. C. K. of W., 119 Wis., 362; 96 N. W., 797.

244 In re Knox, 25 Ch. Div., 542.

245 Harden v. Baptist, 51 Mich., 137; 16 N. W., 311.

246 Taylor v. Edison, 58 Mass., 522; Gray v. Christian, 137 Mass., 329.

247 Fulbright v. Higgenbotham, 133 Mo., 668; 34 S. W., 875.

248 Jones v. State, 28 Neb., 495; 44 N. W., 658; 7 L. R. A., 325.

249 Hamel v. German, 1 Weekly Note Cases, 411.

250 State v. Hebrew, 31 La. Ann., 205; 33 Am. Rep., 217.

251 Deadrick v. Lampson, 58 Tenn., 523.

252 Smith v. Pedigo, 145 Ind., 361; 32 L. R. A., 838.

253 Lucas v. Case, 9 Bush, Ky., 297.

254 Grosvenor v. U. S., 118 Mass., 78.

255 Miller v. English, 21 N. J. L., 317; 10 Cyc, 320-328; Rules of
Order, Scanlan, 17.

256 State v. Crowell, 9 N. J. L., 391; Commonwealth v. Cain, 5 Ser. &
R., Pa., 510.

257 Wegerle v. Geyer, 11 Ser. & R., Pa., 35.

258 Juker v. Commonwealth, 20 Pa. St., 484; St. Luke’s v. Matthews, 4
Desau, S. C., 578; State v. Crowell, 9 N. J. L., 391.

259 People v. Tuthill, 31 N. Y., 550.

260 Rules of Order, Scanlan, 18, 20; 10 Cyc, 329.

261 Madison v. Baptist, 32 Howard’s Pr., 335.

262 People v. Tuthill, 31 N. Y., 550.

263 Hart v. Harvey, 32 Barb., N. Y., 55.

264 Alexander v. Bowers, 79 S. W., 342.

265 Rules of Order, Scanlan, 18, 20, 23; People v. Peck, 11 Wend., N.
Y., 604.

266 Rules of Order, Scanlan, 9; Gipson v. Morris, 83 S. W., Tex., 226;
McCrary’s Am. L. of Elections, secs. 298-300.

267 Juker v. Commonwealth, 20 Pa., 484.

268 Rules of Order, Scanlan, 23-27; Wardens v. Pope, 8 Gray, Mass., 140.

269 Den. v. Pilling, 24 N. J. L., 653.

270 Vestry v. Matthews, 4 Desau, S. C., 578.

271 Cooley’s Con. Lim., 619; McCrary’s Am. L. of Elections, sec. 197;
Rules of Order, Scanlan, 24-27.

272 Commonwealth v. Woelper, 3 Ser. & R., Pa., 29.

273 In re Peters, 112 N. Y. Sup., 339.

274 Gram v. Prussia, 36 N. Y., 161.

275 Wall v. Johnson, 140 Ind., 445; 39 N. E., 251; Simmons v. Allison,
118 N. C., 763.

276 People v. St. Anthony, 109 N. Y., 512; 17 N. E., 408.

277 Congregation v. Martin, 4 Rob., 62; Wardens v. Blanc, 8 Rob., 51;
St. Andrew’s Ch. v. Schaugnessy, 63 Neb., 792; 89 N. W., 261.

278 Enos v. Church, 187 Mass., 40; 72 N. E., 253.

279 Ross v. Crockett, 14 La. Ann., 811.

280 Laight v. Noe, 12 Howard’s Pr., 497; Contra: In re Williams, 105 N.
Y. S., 1105; Ante, 116, 134.

281 People v. Lacoste, 37 N. Y., 192; Fadness v. Braunberg, 73 Wis.,
257; 41 N. W., 84; McCrary on Am. L. of Elections, secs. 209, 264;
10 Cyc, 347; People v. Nappa, 89 Mich., 232; 50 N. W., 846.

282 Hendrickson v. Shotwell, 1 N. J. Eq., 577.

283 Congregation v. Sperry, 10 Conn., 200; 10 Cyc, 319.

284 Den. v. Pilling, 24 N. J. L., 653.

285 Smith v. Erb, 5 Gill., Md., 437.

286 People v. Peck, 11 Wend., N. Y., 604.

287 Catron v. First, 46 Ia., 106; People v. St. Anthony’s, 109 N. Y.,
512; 17 N. E., 408.

288 Columbia v. Gospel, 127 N. Y., 361.

289 First v. Caughey, 85 Pa., 271.

290 San Antonia v. Adams, 87 Tex., 125; 26 S. W., 1040; Hill v. Rich,
119 Mo., 9; 24 S. W., 223.

291 Hewitt v. Wheeler, 22 Conn., 577; Devos v. Gray, 22 Ohio, 159; Klopp
v. Moore, 6 Kan., 27; Neil v. Spencer, 5 Ill. App., 461; United v.
Vandusen, 37 Wis., 54.

292 Miller v. Church, 4 Phil., 48.

293 Brunnenmeyer v. Buhre, 32 Ill., 183.

294 N. Baptist v. Parker, 36 Barb., N. Y., 171.

295 Dennison v. Austin, 15 Wis., 334.

296 United v. Vandusen, 37 Wis., 54; MacLaury v. Hart, 121 N. Y., 636;
24 N. E., 1013.

297 Vestry v. Barksdale, 1 Strobb. Eq., S. C., 197.

298 New v. Gress, 89 Ga., 125.

299 10 Cyc, 776-9; In re Denny, 156 Ind., 104; 59 N. E., 359; 51 L. R.
A., 722.

300 Rules of Order, Scanlan, 21; U. S. v. Balm, 144 U. S., 1; 12 Sup.
Ct. R., 507; 36 L. Ed., 321; The Catholic Cyclopedia, vol. i, 289.

301 Cicotte v. Anciaux, 53 Mich., 227; 18 N. W., 793.

302 Trustees v. Halverson, 42 Minn., 503; 44 N. W., 663.

303 Skinner v. Richardson, 76 Wis., 464; 45 N. W., 318; Dennison v.
Auston, 15 Wis., 334.

304 Vestry v. Barksdale, 1 Strobb. S. C. Eq., 197.

305 State v. Ahnapee, 99 Wis., 322; 74 N. W., 783.

306 Bowldin v. Alexander, 82 U. S., 131; 21 L. Ed., 69; The Catholic
Cyclopedia, vol. iii, 755, 756.

307 Leahy v. Williams, 141 Mass., 345; 6 N. E., 78.

308 People v. Runkel, 8 Johnson, N. Y., 464.

309 Leahy v. Williams, 141 Mass., 345.

310 Rose v. Vertin, 46 Mich., 457; 9 N. W., 491; Tuigg v. Sheehan, 101
Pa., 363.

311 Freeport v. Egan, 146 Pa., 106; 23 At., 390.

312 Scott v. Thompson, 21 Ia., 599.

313 Emonds v. Termehr, 60 Ia., 92; 14 N. W., 197.

314 Wojcienchowski v. Johnknowski, 16 Pa. Sup. Ct., 444.

315 Chiniqui v. Delaire, 37 Ill., 237.

316 St. Patrick’s v. Abst., 76 Ill., 252.

317 First v. Prior, 23 Hun., 271.

318 Den. v. Pilling, 24 N. J. L., 653; Rules of Order, Scanlan, 15-18.

319 German v. Pressler, 17 La. Ann., 127.

320 Appeal of McAuley, 77 Pa., 397.

321 Bethany v. Sperry, 10 Conn., 200.

322 Weber v. Zimmermann, 22 Md., 156.

323 Downs v. Bowdoin, 149 Mass., 135; 21 N. E., 294.

324 Smith v. Erb., 4 Gill., Md., 437.

325 Helbig v. Rosenberg, 86 Ia., 159; 53 N. W., 111.

326 Dahl v. Palache, 68 Cal., 248.

327 People v. Runkel, 9 Johnson, 147.

328 First v. Hillary, 51 Cal., 155.

329 Tuttle v. Cary, 7 Me., 426.

330 State v. Steward, 6 Houst., Del., 9.

331 Jones v. Cary, 6 Me., 448; Rules of Order, Scanlan, 29-30.

332 State v. Steward, 6 Houst., Del., 359.

333 Juker v. Commonwealth, 20 Pa., 484; McIlvain v. Christ’s Church, 8
Phil., 507.

334 Livingston v. Trinity Church, 45 N. J. L., 230.

335 People v. Tuthill, 31 N. Y., 550.

336 Madison v. Baptist, 46 N. Y., 131.

337 Moore v. St. Thomas’ Church, 4 Abb., N. Y., 51.

338 Commonwealth v. Woelper, 3 Ser. & R., 29.

339 Wardens v. Pope, 74 Mass., 140.

340 Oakes v. Hill, 6 Weekly Notes, Cas., 346.

341 Hartt v. Harvey, 32 Barb., 55.

342 Weckerly v. Geyer, 11 Ser. & R., 35.

343 People v. Church, 48 Barb., 603.

344 Allen v. Gray, 11 Conn., 95.

345 Arthur v. Norfield, 49 At., 241; 73 Conn., 718.

346 Pepin v. Societies, 23 R. I., 81; 60 L. R. A., 626.

347 Lahiff v. St. Joseph’s T. A. B. S., 76 Conn., 648; 65 L. R. A., 92.

348 10 Cyc, 1067.

349 17 Cyc, 405; 2 Jones on Ev., secs. 522, 523; Conflict of L.,
Wharton, vol. ii, sec. 761, pp. 1496-8; Collins v. German, Am. M. I.
Ass., 112 Mo. App., 209; 86 S. W., 891; Layton v. Kraft, 98 N. Y.,
996.

350 Collins v. German, 112 Mo. App., 209; Sandberg v. The State, 113
Wis., 578; 89 N. W., 504.

351 Sawyer v. Baldwin, 11 Pickering, 492.

352 Finher v. Hanegen, 59 Ark., 151; 24 L. R. A., 543.

353 Mt. Zion v. Whitmore, 83 Ia., 138; 49 N. W., 846; 13 L. R. A., 198.

354 Bonacum v. Murphy, 65 Neb., 831; 98 N. W., 1030; 71 Neb., 463; 102
N. W., 267; 104 ib., 180; Nance v. Busby, 91 Tenn., 303; 18 S. W.,
874; 15 L. R. A., 801.

355 Bonacum v. Harrington, 65 Neb., 831; 91 N. W., 886.

356 Tubbs v. Lynch, 4 Harr., Del., 521.

357 Sterns v. Bedford, 21 Pickering, 114.

358 O’Donovan v. Chatard, 97 Ind., 421.

359 Baxter v. McDonald, 155 N. Y., 83; 49 N. E., 667.

360 Gibbs v. Gilead, 38 Conn., 153.

361 Stack v. O’Hara, 98 Pa., 213.

362 29 Cyc, 204, and “Religious Societies”; Am. & Eng. Cyc. of L.,
“Religious Societies” and “Beneficial Societies”; 2 Benefit
Societies & L. Insurance, Bacon, secs. 400a and 450a.

363 Farnsworth v. Storrs, 59 Mass., 412.

364 Hatfield v. Delong, 24 Ind. App., 343; 51 L. R. A., 751; Ryan v.
Cudahy, 157 Ill., 108; 41 N. E., 760; 49 L. R. A., 353.

365 Sampsell v. Esher, 26 Weekly Law Bulletin, Ohio, 156.

366 Day v. Robinson, 12 N. J. L., 206.

367 Diffendorf v. Reformed Church, 20 Johnson, N. Y., 12.

368 Chase v. Cheney, 58 Ill., 509.

369 Catholic Dictionary, Addis & Arnold, “Prescription.”

370 Legal Formulary, Baart, 462.

371 Juker v. Commonwealth, 20 Pa. St., 484.

372 Beers v. Arkansas, 20 How., U. S., 527; 15 L. Ed., 991.

373 See “Benefit of the Clergy” and “Forum Ecclesiasticum,” in The
Catholic Cyclopedia and in the Catholic Dictionary.

374 Kuns v. Robinson, 154 Ill., 394; 40 N. E., 343; Brundage v.
Deardorf, 55 Fed., 839; Watson v. Jones, 80 U. S., 679; 20 L. Ed.,
666; Bird v. St. Mark’s, 62 Ia., 567; 17 N. W., 747; Perry v.
Wheeler, 75 Ky., 541; Powers v. Bundy, 45 Neb., 208; 63 N. W., 476;
Connit v. Reformed, 54 N. Y., 551; Harrison v. Hoyle, 24 Ohio St.,
254; Krecker v. Shirey, 163 Pa., 534; 30 At., 540.

375 Watson v. Jones, 80 U. S., 679; 20 L. Ed., 666.

376 Prickett v. Wells, 117 Mo., 502; 24 S. W., 52; Pounder v. Ash, 36
Neb., 564; 54 N. W., 847.

377 Atty-Gen. v. Fed., 69 Mass., 1.

378 Mt. Helen v. Jones, 79 Miss., 488; 30 So., 714.

379 Prickett v. Wells, 117 Mo., 502; 24 S. W., 52.

380 Ferraria v. Vasconcellos, 31 Ill., 25.

381 Garten v. Penick, 68 Ky., 110.

382 Brunnenmeyer v. Buhre, 31 Ill., 183.

383 Lawson v. Kolbenson, 61 Ill., 405.

384 Robertson v. Bullions, 11 N. Y., 243.

385 Papalion v. Manusos, 113 Ill. App., 316.

386 Avery v. Baker, 27 Neb., 388; 43 N. W., 174.

387 Trustees v. Trustees, 4 N. J. Eq., 77.

388 Nash v. Sutton, 117 N. C., 231; 23 S. E., 178; Wiswell v. First, 14
Ohio St., 31.

389 Mannix v. Purcell, 46 Ohio St., 102.

390 Baker v. Ducker, 79 Cal., 365; 21 Pac., 764.

391 Morris v. Dart, 67 S. C., 338; 45 S. E., 753; 100 Am. St. Rep., 734.

392 Phipps v. Jones, 20 Pa., 260.

393 Dolan v. City, 4 Gill., 394.

394 Shakers v. Watson, 68 Fed., 730.

395 61 Cen. L. J., 49 and 55; 57 C. L. J., 201.

396 Owens v. Frank, 7 Wyoming, 457; 53 Pac., 282; 47 Cen. L. J., 221.

397 Evidence, Jones, vol. iii, p. 776.

398 Gillooley v. State, 58 Ind., 182.

399 Knight v. Lee, 80 Ind., 201.

400 Colbert v. State, 125 Wis., 423; 104 N. W., 61.

401 Hills v. State, 61 Neb., 589; 85 N. W., 836.

402 Bevins v. Kline, 21 Ind., 37.

403 In re Thomas, 54 Cal., 509.

404 Rex. v. Hoy, 2 F. & F., 4.

405 Rex. v. Griffen, 6 Cox, C. C., 219.

406 Mutual v. Robinson, 19 U. S. App., 266; State v. Morgan, 196 Mo.,
177; 95 S. W., 402.

407 Katzer v. City, 104 Wis., 16; 79 N. W., 745; 80 N. W., 41.

408 Vasconcellos v. Ferraria, 27 Ill., 237.

409 Foley v. Brocksmit, 119 Ia., 457; 93 N. W., 344; 97 Am. St. R., 324;
60 L. R. A., 571; 18 Cyc, 437-9.

410 Harriman v. First, 63 Ga., 186.

411 Methodist v. Sherman, 36 Wis., 404.

412 St. Patrick’s v. Daly, 116 Ill., 76; 4 N. E., 241.

413 Eager v. Inhabitants, 10 Mass., 430.

414 Barnes v. Perrine, 9 Barb., N. Y., 202; Sheehy v. Blake, 77 Wis.,
394; 46 N. W., 537; 69 L. R. A., 255; Cutler v. Thomas, 25 Vt., 13;
Allen v. M. E. Church, 127 Ia., 96; 102 N. W., 808; 69 L. R. A., 255
Note.

415 9 Cyc, 331.

416 45 Cent. Dig., 7.

417 45 Cent. Dig., 38.

418 45 Cent. Dig., 14.

419 45 Cent. Dig., 1-54; Am. & Eng. Ency. of Law, “Subscriptions.”

420 Legal Maxims, Broom, 745; Hodges v. Nalty, 104 Wis., 464; 80 N. W.,
726.

421 Hodges v. Nalty, 113 Wis., 557; 89 N. W., 535; Hodges v. O’Brien,
113 Wis., 97; 88 N. W., 901.

422 Barnes v. Perine, 9 Bar., N. Y., 202.

423 Macon v. Shepard, 2 Humphrey, Tenn., 335.

424 O’Hear v. De Goesbriand, 33 Vt., 593; 80 Am. Dec., 662.

425 Bates v. Sperrell, 10 Mass., 323; Hodges v. Green, 28 Vt., 358;
Pres. v. Andrus, 21 N. J. L., 225.

426 Church v. Wells, 24 Pa., 249.

427 O’Hear v. De Goesbriand, 33 Vt., 593; 80 Am. Dec., 662.

428 Proprietors v. Roswell, 66 Me., 400; Sohier v. Trinity, 109 Mass.,
1; Aylward v. O’Brien, 160 Mass., 118; 35 N. E., 313; 22 L. R. A.,
206.

429 Aylward v. O’Brien, 160 Mass., 118; 35 N. E., 313; 22 L. R. A., 206;
O’Hear v. De Goesbriand, 33 Vt., 593; 80 Am. Dec., 662.

430 Smith v. Bonhoff, 2 Mich., 115.

431 Vorhees v. Presbyterian, 8 Barb., 135.

432 Price v. Lyon, 14 Conn., 280.

433 Baptist v. Witherell, 3 Paige, N. Y., 296; 24 Am. Dec., 223.

434 Perrin v. Granger, 33 Vt., 101.

435 French v. Old, 106 Mass., 479.

436 Curry v. First, 2 Pittsburg, 105.

437 Succession of Gambla, 23 La. Ann., 9.

438 First v. Braydon, 91 Mass., 248.

439 Downs v. Bowdoin, 149 Mass., 135; 21 N. E., 294.

440 Trustees v. Quackenbush, 10 Johnson, 217.

441 Kellogg v. Dickenson, 18 Vt., 266.

442 Jackson v. Rounsville, 5 Metcalf, Mass., 127.

443 Murray v. Cargill, 32 Me., 517; Gay v. Baker, 17 Mass., 435; Shaw v.
Beveridge, 3 Hill, N. Y., 26; Perrin v. Granger, 33 Vt., 101.

444 Vanhorn v. Tailmadge, 8 N. J. Eq., 108.

445 Fassett v. Boylston, 19 Pickering, Mass., 361.

446 Kimball v. Rowley, 24 Pickering, Mass., 347.

447 Aylward v. O’Brien, 160 Mass., 118; 35 N. E., 313; 22 L. R. A., 206;
Van Houten v. Trustees, 17 N. J. Eq., 126.

448 Howard v. Stevens, 47 Vt., 262.

449 Stoddard v. Vestry, 2 Gill. & J., Md., 227.

450 City v. McIntyre, 8 Rob., La., 467.

451 Sargent v. Pierce, 43 Mass., 80.

452 Perrin v. Leverett, 13 Mass., 128.

453 Crowley v. Miller, 19 N. Y. Weekly Dig., 262.

454 Sheldon v. Vail, 28 Hun., 354.

455 Price v. Lyons, 14 Conn., 280.

456 Perrin v. Granger, 33 Vt., 101.

457 Commonwealth v. Cain, 5 Srg. & R., Pa., 510.

458 In re Bullock, 6 Dem. Sur., 335; Heiss v. Murphy, 40 Wis., 276; Ruth
v. Oberbrunner, 40 Wis., 238.

459 Ruth v. Oberbrunner, 40 Wis., 238; Goesele v. Bimeler, 55 U. S.,
589; 14 L. Ed., 554; Van Houten v. Trustees, 17 N. J. Eq., 126.

460 Winnepesaukee v. Gordon, 63 N. H., 505; 3 At., 426.

461 Bethel v. Carmack, 2 Md., Ch., 143; Tartar v. Gibbs, 24 Md., 323.

462 Lynch v. Pfeiffer, 110 N. Y., 33; 17 N. E., 402.

463 Enos v. Chestnut, 88 Ill., 590.

464 Walwrath v. Camel, 28 Mich., 111.

465 Harpending v. Reformed, 41 U. S., 455; 10 L. Ed., 1029.

466 Inhabitants v. Catholics, 40 Mass., 139; People v. Trinity, 22 N.
Y., 44.

467 Lynch v. Pfeiffer, 110 N. Y., 33; 17 N. E., 402; Eggleston v.
Doolittle, 33 Conn., 396.

468 Tomlin v. Blunt, 31 Ill. App., 234.

469 Centenary v. Parker, 43 N. J. Eq., 307; 12 At., 142.

470 Levasseur v. Martin, 11 La. Ann., 684.

471 O’Donnell v. Holden, 21 Weekly Law Bulletin, 254.

472 Walwrath v. Camel, 28 Mich., 111.

473 Fitzpatrick v. Fitzgerald, 79 Mass., 400.

474 Hubbard v. German, 34 Ia., 31.

475 In re First, 106 N. Y., 251; 12 N. E., 626; Wiswell v. First, 14
Ohio St., 31.

476 Scott v. First, 50 Mich., 528; 15 N. W., 891.

477 In re First, 106 N. Y., 251; 12 N. E., 626.

478 Katzer v. City of Milwaukee, 104 Wis., 16; 79 N. W., 745; 80 N. W.,
41.

479 Beckwith v. St. Phillip’s Parish, 69 Ga., 564.

480 Miller v. Chittenden, 2 Ia., 315; 4 Ia., 252; Schenectady v. Veeder,
4 Wendell, N. Y., 494.

481 St. Patrick’s v. Daly, 116 Ill., 76.

482 Nobilli v. Redman, 6 Cal., 325.

483 San Antonio v. Odin, 15 Tex., 539.

484 Blair v. Odin, 3 Tex., 288.

485 Heiss v. Vosburg, 59 Wis., 532; 18 N. W., 463.

486 Santillan v. Moses, 1 Cal., 92.

487 Heiss v. Murphy, 40 Wis., 276.

488 Robertson v. Bullions, 11 N. Y., 243.

489 Hennessey v. Walsh, 55 N. H., 515.

490 Pawlet v. Clarke, 13 U. S., 292; 3 L. Ed., 735.

491 Cheever v. Pierson, 33 Mass., 266.

492 Amish v. Gelhaus, 71 Ia., 170; 32 N. W., 318.

493 Cushman v. Church, 162 Pa., 280; 29 At., 472.

494 Kulinsky v. Dambrowski, 29 Wis., 109.

495 Reed v. Church, 6 Pa. Co. Ct., 76.

496 Fulbright v. Higgenbotham, 133 Mo., 668; 34 S. W., 875; People v.
Runkel, 9 Johnson, 147; Central v. Patterson, 30 N. Y. Supp., 248;
Unangst v. Shortz, 5 Horton, Pa., 506.

497 Bowden v. MacLeod, 1 Edw., N. Y., 588; Gable v. Miller, 10 Paige, N.
Y., 627; Wilson v. Johns, 2 Rich., S. C., Eq., 192; Ferraria v.
Vasconcellos, 31 Ill., 25.

498 Antones v. Eslava’s heirs, 9 Port., 527.

499 Ferraria v. Vasconcellos, 31 Ill., 25; Brunnenmeyer v. Buhre, 32
Ill., 183.

500 Organ v. Seaford, 1 Dev., N. C. Eq., 453; Post 290, 319.

501 Gram v. Prussia, 36 N. Y., 161; Reformed v. Draper, 97 Mass., 349.

502 Dochkus v. Lithuanian, 206 Pa., 25; 55 At., 779.

503 Burke v. Wall, 29 La. Ann., 38.

504 Thompson v. West, 59 Neb., 677; 82 N. W., 13; 49 L. R. A., 337.

505 Morgan v. Leslie, Wright, O., 144.

506 Consistory v. Brandow, 52 Barb., N. Y., 228.

507 Grisson v. Hill, 17 Ark., 483.

508 Scott v. Stipe, 12 Ind., 74; Mills v. Davison, 54 N. J. Eq., 659; 35
At., 1072; 35 L. R. A., 113.

509 Appeal of Tappen, 52 Conn., 412.

510 Neely v. Hoskins, 84 Me., 386; 24 At., 882.

511 Second v. Dugan, 65 Md., 460; 5 At., 415.

512 Craig v. Inhabitants, 58 Me., 479.

513 Beckwith v. St. Phillip’s Church, 68 Ga., 564.

514 Mannix v. Purcell, 46 Ohio St., 102; 19 N. E., 572; 2 L. R. A., 753.

515 Draper v. Minor, 36 Mo., 290.

516 Burton’s Appeal, 57 Pa. St., 213.

517 Smith v. Pedigo, 145 Ind., 361; 33 N. E., 777; 44 N. E., 363; 32 L.
R. A., 838.

518 Free Ch. of Scotland v. Overton, Appeal Cases, House of Lords, 1904;
McGinnis v. Watson, 41 Pa. St., 9; Ante, 278.

519 First v. Rauss, 21 Conn., 160; Watson v. Jones, 13 Wallace, 679; 20
L. Ed., 666.

520 App. v. Lutheran, 6 Pa. St., 201.

521 Keller v. Tracy, 11 Ia., 530; Happy v. Morton, 33 Ill., 398; Leftwig
v. Thornton, 18 Ia., 56.

522 Watson v. Jones, 13 Wallace, 679; 20 L. Ed., 666.

523 Dolan v. Mayor, 4 Gill., Md., 394.

524 Goode v. McPherson, 51 Mo., 126.

525 Olcott v. Gabert, 86 Tex., 121; 23 S. W., 985.

526 Strong v. Doty, 32 Wis., 381.

527 Fadness v. Braunburg, 73 Wis., 257; 41 N. W., 84.

528 Weld v. May, 9 Cushing, Mass., 181.

529 Field v. Field, 9 Wendell, N. Y., 394; Stokes v. Dale, 14 N. Y.,
901.

530 Hendrickson v. Shotwell, 1 N. J. Eq., 577; Calkins v. Cheney, 92
Ill., 463; Park v. Chaplain, 96 Ia., 55; 64 N. W., 674.

531 Beech v. Allen, 7 Hun., 441.

532 Catholic v. Gibbons, 3 Weekly Law Bulletin, 581.

533 Lyons v. Planters, 86 Ga., 485.

534 African v. Duru, 19 La. Ann., 302; Harrisburg v. Washburn, 29
Oregon, 150; 44 Pac., 390.

535 Lynn v. Carson, 32 Grat., Va., 170.

536 Proprietor v. Butler, 56 Mass., 597.

537 DeRuyter v. St. Peter’s, 3 N. Y., 238.

538 Perrian v. Methodist, 4 Abbot’s Pr., N. Y., 424; Unangst v. Shortz,
5 Horton, Pa. St., 506; Trustees v. Hoessli, 13 Wis., 348.

539 Miller v. Chittenden, 2 Ia., 315; Church v. Grace, 68 N. Y., 570;
Gilmer v. Stone, 120 U. S., 586; 30 L. Ed., 734; Kinney v. Kinney’s
Executors, 86 Ky., 610; 6 S. W., 593.

540 St. Peter’s v. German, 104 Ill., 440.

541 Kinney v. Kinney’s Executors, 86 Ky., 610; 6 S. W., 593.

542 Trustees v. Manning, 72 Md., 116; 19 At., 599.

543 Morgan v. Leslie, Wright, 144.

544 U. S. v. Church, 5 Utah, 361; 15 Pac., 473.

545 In re Ticknor’s estate, 13 Mich., 44; Levy v. Levy, 33 N. Y., 97.

546 Trustees v. Hilkin, 84 Md., 170; 35 At., 9.

547 Hamsher v. Hamsher, 132 Ill., 273; 23 N. E., 1123; 8 L. R. A., 556.

548 Hanson v. Little Sisters, 79 Md., 434; 32 At., 1052; Jones v.
Habersham, 107 U. S., 174; 27 L. Ed., 401.

549 Church v. Grace, 68 N. Y., 570.

550 Tartar v. Gibbs, 24 Md., 323.

551 Trinitarian v. Union, 61 N. H., 384.

552 Smith v. Pedigo, 145 Ind., 361; 44 N. E., 363; 32 L. R. A., 838.

553 Miller v. English, 21 N. J. L., 317.

554 Petot v. Tucker, 21 N. Y., 267.

555 Ludlam v. Higbee, 11 N. J. Eq., 342.

556 Happy v. Morton, 33 Ill., 398.

557 Sutor v. Spangler, 4 Phil., 331.

558 Scott v. Stipe, 12 Ind., 74.

559 Commonwealth v. Dougherty, 107 Mass., 243.

560 In re Wright’s estate, Myr. Prob., 213 Cal.

561 Green v. Dennis, 6 Conn., 293; Ferguson v. Hedges, 1 Harr., 524.

562 Murphy v. Dallam, 1 Bland, 529.

563 Festorazzi v. St. Joseph’s, 104 Ala., 327; 18 So., 394; 25 L. R. A.,
360; Ex parte Schuler, 134 Mass., 436; Seiber’s Appeal, 9 At., Pa.,
863; Holland v. Alcock, 108 N. Y., 312; 16 N. E., 305.

564 Festorazzi v. St. Joseph’s, 104 Ala., 327; 18 So., 394; 25 L. R. A.,
360.

565 McHugh v. McCole, 97 Wis., 166; 72 N. W., 352.

566 Wilson v. Perry, 29 W. Va., 169; 1 S. E., 302.

567 Jones v. Habersham, 107 U. S., 174; 27 L. Ed., 401.

568 Good v. Zook, 116 Ia., 582; 88 N. W., 376.

569 Trustees v. Sturgeon, 9 Pa. St., 321.

570 Scott v. Curle, 9 B. Mon., 17; Ante, 278, 290.

571 In re Paulson’s will, 127 Wis., 612; 107 N. W., 484.

572 Robertson v. Bullions, 11 N. Y., 243.

573 62 Cen. L. J., 167.

574 Ould v. Washington, 95 U. S., 303; 24 L. Ed., 450.

575 Jones v. Habersham, 107 U. S., 174; 27 L. Ed., 401.

576 Darcy v. Kelley, 153 Mass., 433; 26 N. E., 1110.

577 Bronson v. Strouse, 57 Conn., 147; 17 At., 699.

578 Tichenor v. Brewer’s, 98 Ky., 349; 33 S. W., 86.

579 Banker v. Phelan, 4 Barb., 80.

580 Bowers v. Fromm, Add., Pa., 362.

581 Germania v. Baltes, 113 Ill., 29.

582 McDonald v. Shaw, 98 S. W., 952.

583 Beaty v. Kurtz, 27 U. S., 566; 7 L. Ed., 521.

584 Heiss v. Murphy, 40 Wis., 276; Fadness v. Braunburg, 73 Wis., 257;
41 N. W., 84.

585 Coe v. Washington, 149 Mass., 543; 21 N. E., 966.

586 Clark v. Brown, 108 S. W., 421, Tex.

587 Parker v. Quinn, 23 Utah, 332; 64 Pac., 961.

588 All Saints v. Brookline, 59 N. E., 1003, Mass.

589 Green v. Outagamie, 76 Wis., 587; 45 N. W., 536.

590 Katzer v. City, 104 Wis., 16; 80 N. W., 41.

591 St. Joseph Hospital v. Ashland, 96 Wis., 636; 72 N. W., 43.

592 Ramsey v. Church, 45 Minn., 229; 47 N. W., 783.

593 Gray v. Lafayette, 65 Wis., 567; 27 N. W., 311.

594 Newport v. Masonic, 108 Ky., 333; 56 S. W., 405; 49 L. R. A., 252.

595 Trustees v. City, 122 Wis., 452; 100 N. W., 837.

596 Dahl v. Kimball, 6 Me., 171.

597 Turner v. Inhabitants, 16 Mass., 208; Goodell Mfg. Co. v. Trask, 28
Mass., 514.

598 Muzzy v. Wilkins, Smith, 1; Ebau v. Hendell, 5 Watts, 43; 30 Am.
Dec., 291.

599 Miller v. Board, 19 Ill. App., 48; Municipality of Ponce v. R. C. A.
Ch., 28 Sup. Ct. R., 737; Reuben Quick-Bear v. Leupp, 28 Sup. Ct.
Repr., 690; Dorner v. Dist., 118 N. W., 353.

600 53 Cen. L. J., 224.

601 Hewitt v. Woman’s, 73 N. H., 556; 64 At., 190.

602 Collins v. New York, 69 N. Y. Supp., 106.

603 Louisville v. Hammock, 106 S. W., Ky., 219; 14 L. R. A., N. S., 784.

604 Indianapolis v. Grant, 25 Ind., 518.

605 Newport v. Masonic, 108 Ky., 333; 56 S. W., 405; 49 L. R. A., 252.

606 McGee v. German, 13 N. J. Eq., 77.

607 Miller v. Lerch, Wall. Jr., Pa., 210.

608 St. Mary’s Industrial School for Boys v. Brown, 45 Md., 310.

609 White v. Price, 108 N. Y., 661; 15 N. E., 427.

610 Sec. 5, Ky. Constitution; Contra: N. H. Constitution, art. 6.

611 Donahue v. Richards, 38 Me., 376; State v. Baily, 157 Ind., 324; 61
N. E., 730; 54 Cen. L. J., 142.

612 St. Patrick’s v. Rochester, 34 How. Pr., 227.

613 People v. Board, 13 Barb., N. Y., 400.

614 Synod v. State, 2 S. Dak., 366; 50 N. W., 632; 14 L. R. A., 418.

615 State v. Hallock, 16 Nev., 373; Dorner v. School Dist., 118 N. W.,
Wis., 353 (Nov. 27, 1908).

616 Jenkins v. Andover, 103 Mass., 94.

617 Millard v. Board, 121 Ill., 297; 10 N. E., 669; Dorner v. School
Dist., 118 N. W., Wis., 353.

618 Church v. Bullock, 100 S. W., Tex., 1025; Donahue v. Richards, 38
Me., 379; 56 C. L. J., 81.

619 State v. Board, 76 Wis., 177; 44 N. W., 967; 7 L. R. A., 330; 53 Am.
R., 282; 14 L. R. A., 419; Dorner v. School Dist., 118 N. W., Wis.,
353 (Nov. 27, 1908).

620 Billard v. Board, 69 Kan., 53; 76 Pac., 422; 66 L. R. A., 166.

621 Stevenson v. Hanyon, 7 Pa. Co. Ct., 585; State v. Board, 76 Wis.,
177; 44 N. W., 967; 7 L. R. A., 330; State v. Scheve, 65 Neb., 853;
91 N. W., 846; 59 L. R. A., 927.

622 Dorner v. School District, 118 N. W., Wis., 353 (Nov. 27, 1908);
County v. Industrial School, 125 Ill., 540; 18 N. E., 183; 1 L. R.
A., 437; 8 Am. St. Rep., 386; O’Connor v. Hendrick, 184 N. Y., 421;
77 N. E., 612.

623 Board v. Minor, 23 Ohio, 250; Campanas v. Calderhead, 17 Mont., 548;
44 Pac., 83; 36 L. R. A., 277.

624 Spiller v. Woburn, 12 Allen, Mass., 127.

625 School Commissioners v. State Board, 26 Md., 505.

626 Donahue v. Richards, 38 Me., 379; 56 Cen. L. J., 81.

627 Scofield v. State, 27 Conn., 499.

628 School v. Arnold, 21 Wis., 657.

629 Sherman v. Charleston, 8 Cushing, Mass., 160; State v. Board, 116 N.
W., 232; 67 Cen. L. J., 241.

630 Guernsey v. Pitkin, 32 Vt., 224.

631 Wood v. Morrow, 35 Wis., 59.

632 Anderson v. State, 3 Head, Tenn., 455.

633 Lander v. Seaver, 32 Vt., 114.

634 Stevens v. Fassett, 27 Me., 266.

635 Draper v. Cambridge, 20 Ind., 268.

636 Lane v. Baker, 12 Ohio St., 237; State v. City, 19 Ohio, 178; Van
Camp v. Board, 9 Ohio St., 406.

637 Ex parte Plessy, 45 La. Ann., 80; 11 So., 948; 16 Sup. Ct. R., 1138;
163 U. S., 537; 41 L. Ed., 256; 18 L. R. A., 639.

638 State v. School Directors, 10 Ohio St., 448.

639 Jackson v. Hampden, 16 Me., 184.

640 Markwell v. Pereles, 95 Wis., 406 and 424; 69 N. W., 798 and 984.

641 Perry v. State, 113 Ga., 936; 39 S. E., 315.

642 Aycock v. Harrington, 84 Miss., 204; 36 So., 245; 65 L. R. A., 689.

643 Wright v. Bennett, 7 Ill., 587.

644 Graham v. Bennett, 2 Cal., 503.

645 State v. Harris, 63 N. C., 1.

646 Rex. v. Canon, 7 Car. and P., 438.

647 Rex. v. Griffen, 6 Cox. C. C., 402.

648 F. v. F., 1 Ch. (1902), 688.

649 In re Jacques, 82 N. Y. Sup., 986.

650 In re Marshall, 33 N. Y. S., 104.

651 Kennedy v. Borah, 226 Ill., 243; 80 N. E., 767.

652 Prieto v. Alphonso, 52 La. Ann., 631; 27 So., 153.

653 Clarkson v. Hatton, 143 Mo., 47; 44 S. W., 761; 65 Am. St. R., 635;
Matter of Johnson, 98 Cal., 531; 33 Pac., 260; 21 L. R. A., 380;
Schlitz v. Roenitz, 86 Wis., 31; 56 N. W., 194; 39 Am. St. R., 873;
21 L. R. A., 482; Markwell v. Pereles, 95 Wis., 406; 69 N. W., 798;
67 Cen. L. J., 197.

654 Elliott v. Elliott, 77 Wis., 634; 46 N. W., 806; 57 L. R. A., 155;
10 L. R. A., 568.

655 Cole v. State, 75 S. W., 527; 45 Tex.; Cr. App., 225; 57 Cen. L. J.,
341.

656 Mutter v. Senibbs, 79 N. E., 762, Mass.

657 Commonwealth v. McAfee, 108 Mass., 458.

658 Tuttle v. Sutts, 96 Pac., 260.

659 Gleason v. Gleason, 4 Wis., 64; 14 Cyc, 846.

660 32 St. At. L., 636 and 645.

661 Chap. 1402, U. S. Laws of 1904.

662 Quick-Bear v. Leupp, 28 Sup. Ct. Rep., 690 (1908).

663 Sec. 2045, U. S. Statutes.