Chapter III: Part 3

[Footnote 176: From "Ovid's Banquet of | SENCE. | A Coronet for his Mistresse Philosophie, and his amorous | _Zodiacke_. | With a translation of a Latine coppie, | written by a Fryer, Anno Dom. 1400. | _Quis leget hæc? Nemo Hercule Nemo, | vel duo vel nemo._ Persius. | AT LONDON, | Printed by J. R. for Richard Smith. _Anno Dom._ 1595. | " See our Memorial-Introduction. G.]

_I. D. of the Middle Temple._

Onely that eye which for true loue doth weepe,
Onely that hart which tender loue doth pierse,
May read and vnderstand this sacred vierse--
For other wits too misticall and deepe:
Betweene these hallowed leaues _Cupid_ dooth keepe
The golden lesson of his second Artist;
For loue, till now, hath still a Maister mist,
Since _Ouids_ eyes were closed with iron sleepe;
But now his waking soule in _Chapman_ liues,
Which showes so well the passions of his soule;
And yet this Muse more cause of wonder giues,
And doth more Prophet-like loues art enroule:
For Ouids soule, now growne more old and wise,
Poures foorth it selfe in deeper misteries.

VII. REASON'S MOANE.[177]

[Footnote 177: From close of 'A New Post' consisting of 'Essayes' by Sir John Davies. See Prose Works in Fuller Worthies' Library. G.]

When I peruse heauen's auncient written storie,
part left in bookes, and part in contemplation:
I finde Creation tended to God's glory:
but when I looke upon the foule euasion,
Loe then I cry, I howle, I weepe, I moane,
and seeke for truth, but truth alas! is gone.

Whilom of old before the earth was founded,
or hearbs or trees or plants or beasts, had being,
Or that the mightie Canopie of heauen surrounded
these lower creatures; ere that the eye had seeing:
Then Reason was within the mind of Ioue,
embracing only amitie and loue.

The blessed angels' formes and admirable natures,
their happie states, their liues and high perfections,
Immortall essence and vnmeasured statures,
the more made known their falls and low directions.
These things when Reason doth peruse
she finds her errors, which she would excuse.

But out alas! she sees strife is all in vaine;
it bootes not to contend, or stand in this defence.
Death, sorow, grief, hell and torments are her gaine,
and endlesse burning fire, becomes our recompence.
Oh heauie moane! oh endlesse sorrowes anguish,
neuer to cease but euer still to languish.

When I peruse the state of prime created man,
his wealth, his dignitie and reason:
His power, his pleasure, his greatnesse when I scan,
I doe admire and wonder, that in so short a season,
These noble parts, should haue so short conclusion:
and man himselfe, be brought to such confusion.

In seeking countries far beyond the seas, I finde,
euen where faire Eden's pleasant garden stood:
And all the coasts vnto the same confinde,
gall to cruell wars; men's hands embru'd in blood,
In cutting throats, and murders, men delight:
so from these places Reason's banisht quite.

O Ierusalem! that thou shouldst now turn Turke,
and Sions hil, where holy rites of yore were vs'd:
Oh! that within that holy place should lurke
such sacrilege: whereby Ioue's name's abusde.
What famous Greece, farewel: thou canst not bost
thy great renowne: thy wit, thy learning's lost.

The further search I make, the worse effect I finde:
All Asia swarmes with huge impietie:
All Affrick's bent vnto a bloody minde:
all treachers[178] gainst Ioue and his great deitie.
Let vs returne to famous Britton's king,
whose worthy praise let all the world goe sing,

[Footnote 178: = traitors [treacherous]. G.]

Great Tetragramaton, out of thy bounteous loue
let all the world and nations truely know,
That he plants peace, and quarrell doth remoue:
let him be great'st on all the earth belowe.
Long may he liue, and all the world admire,
that peace is wrought as they themselues desire.

What Vnion he hath brought to late perfection,
twixt Nations that hath so long contended:
Their warres and enuies by him receiue correction,
And in his royal person all their iars are ended.
And so in briefe conclude, ought all that liue
giue thanks to him for ioy that peace doth giue.

By power and will of this our mightie king
reason doth shew that God hath wroght a wonder:
Countries distract he doth to Vnion bring
and ioynes together States which others sunder:
God grant him life till Shiloe's comming be
in heauen's high seate he may enthronized be.

VIII. ON THE DEATH OF LORD CHANCELLOR ELLESMERE'S SECOND WIFE IN 1599.[179]

You, that in Judgement passion never show,
(As still a Judge should without passion bee),
So judge your selfe; and make not in your woe
Against your self a passionate decree.
Griefe may become so weake a spirit as mine:
My prop is fallne, and quenchèd is my light:
But th' Elme may stand, when with'red is the vine,
And, though the Moone eclipse, the Sunne is bright.

Yet were I senselesse if I wisht your mind,
Insensible, that nothing might it move;
As if a man might not bee wise and kind.
Doubtlesse the God of Wisdome and of Loue,
As Solomon's braine he doth to you impart,
So hath he given you David's tender hart.

Yr. Lps in all humble Duties
and condoling with yr. Lp. most affectionately
Jo. Davys.

[Footnote 179: I take this Sonnet from Collier's 'Bibliographical Catalogue' _sub nomine_ (Vol. I. p. 192). It is thus introduced by him: "It is stated correctly by the biographers of [Sir] John Davys that he was patronized by Lord Ellesmere, and among the papers of his lordship is preserved the following autograph Sonnet, which appears to have been addressed to the Lord Chancellor, on the death of his second wife in 1599." Further: The following note is appended, also in the hand-writing of Sir John Davys:--"A French writer (whom I love well) speakes of 3 kindes of Companions, Men, Women, and Bookes: the losse of this second makes you retire from the first: I have, therefore, presumed to send y^{r}. L^{p} one of the third kind, w^{ch} (it may bee), is a straunger to your L^{p}. yet I persuade me his conversation will not be disagreeable to y^{r} L^{p}." See Memorial-Introduction for notices of Ellesmere and his wives. G.]

IX. TITYRUS _TO HIS FAIRE_ PHILLIS.[180]

The silly Swaine whose loue breedes discontent,
Thinkes death a trifle, life a loathsome thing,
Sad he lookes, sad he lyes.

But when his Fortunes mallice doth relent,
Then of Loues sweetnes he will sweetly sing,
Thus he liues, thus he dyes.

Then _Tityrus_ whom Loue hath happy made,
Will rest thrice happy in this Mirtle shade.
For though Loue at first did greeue him:
yet did Loue at last releeue him.

I. D.

[Footnote 180: From "Englands Helicon":

Casta placent superis
pura cum Veste venite,
Et manibus puris
sumite fontis aquam.

At London

Printed by I. R. for _Iohn Flasket_, and are
to be sold in St. Paules Church-yard, at the
signe | of the Beare. 1600. | [40.]
E 3 (verso)

The Davies authorship of this little lilt, is confirmed by a contemporary (Harleian) MS. list of contributors to England's Helicon (280), wherein his name is placed against it. G.]

UPON A COFFIN BY S. J. D.

There was a man bespake a thing
Which when the owner home did bring,
He that made it did refuse it;
And he that brought it would not use it,
And he that hath it doth not know
Whether he hath it, ay or no.

From "The Curtaine-Drawer of the Worlde ...
by W. Parkes, Gentleman ... 1621.[181]

[Footnote 181: In my Fuller Worthies' Library edition of Davies, I inserted above Riddle as kindly sent me by Mr. W. C. Hazlitt, from the "Philosopher's Banquet": 2d edition, 1614, p. 261. In its text l. 6 'he' is spelled 'hee,' and 'ay' is 'yea.' G.]

X. EPITAPH AND EPIGRAM.

Sir John Davies had a son who became, if he were not born, an idiot. Anthony-a-Wood states "The son dying, Sir John made an epitaph of four verses on him, beginning

Hic in visceribus terræ &c."

It is much to be wished that these 'four verses' were recovered. Further, he had a daughter named 'Lucy'; and of her the same authority writes: "So that the said Lucy being sole heiress to her father, Ferdinando, Lord Hastings, (afterwards Earl of Huntingdon) became a suitor to her for marriage; whereupon the father made this Epigram:

LUCIDA VIS oculos teneri perstrinxit amantis
Nec tamen erravit nam VIA DULCIS erat."

On this WATTS remarks: "This is a remarkable anagram of Lucy Davies. See as remarkable ones on the mother Eleanor Davies, _Reveal O Daniel_, by herself, the other made on her by DR. LAMB,--Dame Eleanor Davies, _Never so mad a Lady_. Heylin's Life of Laud p. 266." Wood's Athenæ, (edn. by Bliss) Vol. II. p. 404. G.

VII. HITHERTO UNPUBLISHED POEMS.

METAPHRASE OF SOME OF THE PSALMS, &c.

NOTE.

The MANUSCRIPT VOLUME from which the following hitherto unpublished POEMS are taken, is the property of DAVID LAING, Esq., LL.D., EDINBURGH, who purchased it, or perhaps obtained it in exchange many years ago from the Rev. John Jamieson, D.D., author of the "Scottish Dictionary" and other learned works--a scholar of full learning and to be held in honour in many respects. It was parted with to his like-minded friend as containing the hitherto unprinted 'Psalms,' &c., by SIR JOHN DAVIES; but no memorial remains to ascertain the quarter from whence Dr. Jamieson obtained the Volume. Mr. Laing states that, if anything was said at the time on the subject, it has escaped his recollection; and this cannot be wondered at, as it must have been from thirty to forty years ago.

Along with eminent Experts I have carefully compared this Manuscript with undoubted holographs of SIR JOHN DAVIES, preserved in Her Majesty's State Paper Office (State Papers: Domestic. James I. Vol. 173. No. 54: Oct. 18, 1624, etc., etc.) and among the Harleian MSS. in the British Museum--the former being preferable as being of the same year-date with ours: and I feel constrained to pronounce it throughout non-autograph. There are at least FIVE handwritings in the volume--as more particularly described _in locis_: but none bears a resemblance to SIR JOHN DAVIES'. The Manuscript, therefore, belongs to a class that abounds at the Period, viz, a Scribe's transcript and which closely resembles that of MS. Speeches and other writings of DAVIES preserved among the HARLEIAN MSS. This is further, in accord with SIR JOHN DAVIES' practice, as appears by 'The Egerton Papers' of Mr. Collier, (Camden Society, 1840, I Vol. 40.) where in a letter to ELLESMERE (pp. 410-16) he apologizes for his own 'ill hand' and substitutes his 'man's.' The evidence for DAVIES' authorship of these POEMS is EXTERNAL and INTERNAL.

(_a_) The existence of the 'Metaphrase of the Psalms'--which composes the greater portion of the Manuscript--has long been on record. Thus ANTHONY-A-WOOD in his ATHENÆ states "Besides the before-mentioned things (as also Epigrams, as 'tis said) which were published by, and under the name of Sir John Davies, are several MSS. of his writing and composing, which go from hand to hand, as (I) Metaphrase of several of K. David's Psalms...." (edn. BLISS ii., 403.) The original of the Psalms' MS. was in possession of Sir John's own daughter, the Countess of Huntingdon, as I found in the Carte MSS. Bodleian, Oxford.

The others are MSS.--some in part since published--which WOOD describes as formerly in the Library of Sir James Ware, and then in that of the Earl of Clarendon.

(_b_) The handwriting of the Manuscript is exactly correspondent with that of its date '1624.' It is uniform from Psalm I. to L.

(_c_) Throughout the 'Psalms' and other Poems, favourite words of SIR JOHN DAVIES' occur: in part peculiar to him or used in a peculiar way. I must refer the Student to the Poems themselves for the great majority of examples: but note here half-a-dozen--all the references being to our own edition of the previous Poems.

1. '_Withall_': "... that sinne that we are borne _withall_." ('Nosce Teipsum' page 57, stanza 5th, line 4th.) So in the 'Psalms':

"Be merciful and hear my prayer _withall_."

(Ps. 4th, line 4th.)

2. '_Wight_': "... this World below did need one _wight_." (page 60: stanza 4th, line 1st.) So in the 'Psalms': "... measures Iustice vnto euery _wight_." (Ps. 9th, line 16th.)

3. '_gray Winter_': "Here flow'ry Spring-tide and there _Winter gray_." (page 63, stanza 1st, line 4th.) So in 'A Maid's Hymne in praise of Virginity': "To whome _graye Winter_ neuer doth apeare." (line 7th.)

4. '_On_' meaning '_o'er_': "Will holds the royall scepter _on_ the soul" ('Nosce Teipsum,' page 79, stanza 2nd, line 3rd.) "And _on_ the passions of the heart doth raigne." (page 79, stanza 2d, line 4th.) So in the 'Psalms': "Let not my foes trihumph _on_ mee againe." (Ps. 35th, line 37th). "In that my foe doth not trihumph _on_ me." (Ps. 41st, line 22d.)

5. '_Detruded_': "... such as me _detruded_ downe to Hell." (page 110, stanza 1st, line 1st.) So in the 'Psalms': Therefore although my soule _detruded_ were euen to Hell's gates.... (Ps. 23rd, line 7th.)

6. '_Center_' meaning '_Earth_': "Suruey all things that on this _center_ here." (page 25th, stanza 1st, line 4th.) So in the 'Psalms': "And all that dwell on his round _Center_ here." (Ps. 23rd, line 16th.)

It were easy to multiply these instances from the 'Psalms' and the other Poems.

(_d_) The secular Poems contain personal allusions that authenticate their authorship. In the 'Elegie of Loue' and in the lines "To the Kinge vpon his Ma^{ties} first comming into England" these are of singular interest and value. The latter harmonizes with the fact that SIR JOHN DAVIES proceeded North to meet the King: and it has a direct reference to his 'Nosce Teipsum.' Speaking of his Muse he exclaims,

"Thy sight had once an influence divine
Which gave it power the Soul of man to vew."

Another personal allusion is found in his address to the "Ladyes of Founthill" in his native Wilts.

(_e_) The "Verses sent to the Kinge with ffiges" is inscribed "by Sir John Davis" and the "Elegiacal Epistle" which immediately follows these 'Verses' naturally closes a Volume containing the compositions of our Worthy. 'Davis' is his own spelling in the 1608 edition of 'Nosce Teipsum,' and in Davison's 'Rhapsody.'

(_f_) Exclusive of the 'Psalms'--the Davies' authorship of which admits of no doubt--the other Poems have Sir John Davies' characteristics in choice of subjects and style, and specific wording, as above. 'Elegie' is herein used as in the title-page of 'Nosce Teipsum.'

The Manuscript is a thin folio of forty-one leaves and one page: but _verso_ of 35th leaf consists of Memoranda headed "The State of England before the Conquest, briefely. By Henry, Lord Hastings, amongst his Notes found": and leaves 36 and 37 and page 38 (_verso_ blank) contain 'Notes' on "William Bastarde, the Norman Conquerour of England." The former is in a handwriting different from all the rest: the latter the same as the Poems that follow "Part of an Elegie in prayse of Marriage." There are a number of contemporary and of more recent blank leaves. It is bound in dark calf, with tooled ornament in the centre.

In preparing this Manuscript for the Press, my anxious endeavour has been faithfully to reproduce the original: only I have extended the contractions 'w^{h} and w^{ch}' for 'with' and 'which' and 'o^{r}. y^{r}' for 'our' and 'your' and the like. I have somewhat modified the capitals: but in the Divine names (nouns and pronouns) and impersonations, have employed capitals. The punctuation of the Manuscript is almost _nil_: I have adopted present usage on a uniform principle; and also the apostrophe of the possessive case, &c. Only one point perplexed me a little, viz. the sign of the plural. At the period a peculiar form represented 'es' as denoting plural, but examination showed our Manuscript as using it with 'e' immediately before. Hence it is apparent the Scribe used it arbitrarily. My rule has been to represent it simply by 's' for our plural, except in the cases--pointed out where they occur--in which 'es' as an additional syllable is required for the rhythm. Throughout, the orthography is literally preserved: and besides six collations of my transcript with the Original, by myself, I have had the advantage of a minute comparison by my experienced and erudite friend, the late John Bruce, Esq., of London, and in part by W. Aldis Wright, Esq., M.A., Trinity College, Cambridge. So that our first publication of the Manuscript may be relied on as absolutely true to the Original. It may be added that I have adhered to the order in which the several Poems are given, with the single exception of placing the anonymous very noticeable 'Elegiacal Epistle' on the death of Davies last. The two short pieces that precede it in our Volume, occupy in the MS. the closing page, which is a kind of fly-leaf.

I feel assured that every admirer of Sir John Davies will agree with me that a deep debt of gratitude is due to Mr. Laing for his generous consent to have the Manuscript included in our editions of the 'Poems.' Independent of the interest attaching to their illustrious authorship the 'Psalms' seem to me to possess rare merits, being as a whole strikingly faithfull to the Original, and not para-phrastic--hence Anthony-a-Wood's 'Metaphrase'--simple yet picturesque, 'smooth' but melodious, and in every quality infinitely superior to the attempts of BACON, JEREMY TAYLOR, ROUS, and others. Some of the Versions must find a place in the Church's Psalmody and Hymnology.

I must not omit to acknowledge the courteous attention of Mr. W. Carew Hazlitt in informing me of the existence and ownership of the Manuscript. Anything further requiring to be said, will be found in the footnotes. G.

_Hitherto Unpublished Poems._

METAPHRASE OF SOME PSALMS.

PSALM I.[182]

That man is blest which hath not walkt aside,
Takeinge ungodly counsell for his guide;
Nor in the way of synners stood and staied,
Nor in the couch of Scorners downe him layed,
But in God's Lawe hath plac't his whole delight,
And studieth to performe it, day and night:
Hee, like a plant which by a streame doth growe,
His timely fruite shall in due season showe;
Whose leafe shall not decay but flourish euer,
And all thinges prosper which hee doth endeauour
But with th' vngodly it shall not bee soe,
But as the dust, which as the whirlewindes to and fro
Uppon the surface of the earth doth driue,
They shall a restless life and fruitles liue;
Nor shall they stand vpright when they are tride,
Nor in the assembly of the just abide:
But in his way God doth the good man cherish,
When wicked men in their bad way shall perish.

[Footnote 182: There is a title here, "The Psalmes translated into verse, Anno Domini 1624." G.]

PSALM II.

Why doe the nations thus in furie rise?
Why doe the people such vaine plotts deuise?
MONARCHES stand vp and PRINCES doe conspire
Against the Lord, and His Annoynted Heire:
'Let vs in sunder breake their bandes,' say they,
'And let vs lightly cast their yokes away.'
But Hee that sitts in Heauen shall them deride,
And laugh to scorne their follie and their pride;
And in His wrath He shall reproue them sore,
And vex them in His anger, more and more:
Sayinge, 'I sett on SION hill My KINGE,
To preache my LAWE, and shew this heauenly thinge;
Thou art My SONNE, this day I Thee begott,
Aske, and I will assigne thee for Thy Lott
Of heritage the Landes and Nations all,
Betweene the Sunne's vprisinge & his fall.'
Thou with an iron rodd shall keepe them vnder,
And breake them like an earthen pott in sunder,
Bee wise, yee MONARCHES, and yee PRINCES then;
Be learnèd, yee that judge the sonnes of men;
Serue yee the Lord, with humble feare Him serue;
Rejoyce in Him, yet tremblinge Him obserue;
Kisse yee the SONNE, lest yee Him angrie make,
And perish, while His just wayes yee forsake,
If His just wrath but once enkinled bee:
Who trust in Him, a blessed man is hee.

PSALM III.

Lord! how my foes in number doe encrease,
That rise against mee, to disturbe my peace!
MANY there are which to my soule haue said,
His God to him not safety yeilds nor aid;
But God is my defence, my SUCCOUR nigh,
My glory, and my head Hee lifteth High:
To Him with earnest praier appealèd I,
And from His Holy Hill Hee heard my crie:
I layed mee downe and slept, and rose againe,
For mee the Lord doth euermore sustaine:
Though Thousand of my foes besett mee round,
Noe feare of them my courage shall confound:
Rise Lord! and saue mee; Thou hast giuen a stroke
On my foes cheeke, that all his teeth are broke:
SALUATION cometh from this Lord of ours,
Who blessings on His people daily powers.

PSALM IV.

O GOD! whose righteousnes by grace is mine,
A gracious eare vnto my voyce encline:
Thou that hast set mee free when I was thrall,
Bee mercifull, and heare my prayer withall.
Vaine, worldly men, how long will yee dispise
God's honnour, and His truth, and trust in lies?
God for Himselfe, the good man doth select,
And when I crie Hee doth not mee reject.
Bee angrie, but be angrie without synne;
Try your owne hearts in silence, close within.
To God, of godly workes, an offeringe make,
Then trust in Him that will not His forsake.
For that which good is, many seeke and pray,
'And who shall shew the same to vs'? say they,
Lord! shew to vs thy countenance diuine,
And cause the BEAMES thereof on vs to shyne:
Soe shall my heart more joyfull bee and glad,
Then if encrease of corne and wine I had.
To peace therefore lye downe will I and sleepe[183]
For God alone doth mee in safetie keepe.

[Footnote 183: 'rest' is written and erased here. G.]

PSALM V.

LORD weigh my words, and take consideration
Of my sad thoughts and silent meditation:
My God, my KINGE, bowe downe Thine eare to mee,
While I send vp mine humble prayer to Thee.
Early, before the morne doth bringe the day,
I will O Lord, look vp to Thee and pray:
For Thou with synne art neuer pleasèd well,
Nor any[184] ill may with Thy goodnes dwell:
The foole may not before Thy wisdome stand,
Nor shall the impious scape Thy wrathfull hand:
Thou wilt destroy all such as vtter lies;
Blood and deceit are odious in Thine eyes;
But, trustinge in Thy manie mercies deare,
I will approch Thy house with holy feare.
Teach me Thy plaine and righteous way to goe,
That I may neuer fall before my foe,
Whose flatteringe tongue is false and heart jmpure,
And throat, an open place of SEPULTURE.
Destroy them, Lord, and frustrate their devices,
Cast out those REBELLS for their manie vices;
But all that trust in Thee and loue Thy name,
Make them rejoyce and rescue them from shame.
Thou wilt thy blessinge to the righteous yeild
And guard them with Thy grace as with a SHEILD.

[Footnote 184: An illegible word erased here. G.]

PSALM VI.

To iudge me, Lord, in Thy just wrath forbeare,
To punish mee in thy displeasure spare;
O! I am weake: haue mercie, Lord, therefore,
And heale my bruisèd bones which payne mee sore.
My SOULE is alsoe trubled and dismayed;
But, Lord, how long shall I expect Thine aid!
Turne Thee, O Lord, my SOULE from death deliuer,
Euen for Thy mercie's sake which lasteth euer:
They which are dead remember not Thy name,
Nor doth the silent GRAUE thy praise proclaime;
I faint and melt away with greifes and feares,
And euery night my bed doth swymme with teares.
Myne eyes are suncke and weaknèd is my sight;
My foes haue vexèd mee with such dispight.
Away from mee, yee sinfull men, away!
The LORD of HEAUEN doth heare mee when I pray.
The Lord hath my petition heard indeed:
Receaue my prayer and I shall surely speed;
But shame and sorrow on my foes shall light,
They shall be turn'd and put to suddaine flight.

PSALM VII.

O Lord, my God! I put my trust in Thee,
From all my PERSECUTORS rescue mee:
Lest my proud foe doth like a lyon rend mee,
While there is non to succour and defend mee:
Lord God! if I bee guilty found in this,
Wherewith my foes haue chargèd mee amisse,
If I did vse my freind vnfreindly soe,
Nay, if I did not helpe my causlesse foe,
Let him preuaile, although my cause bee just,
And lay my life and honnour in the dust.
Vp, Lord! and stand against my furious foes,
Thy JUDGEMENT against them for mee disclose;
Soe shall Thy PEOPLE flocke about Thee nigh,
For their sakes therefore lift Thy selfe on high.
Judge of the world, giue sentence on my parte,
Accordinge to the cleannes of my heart:
Let wickednes be brought vnto an end,
And guide the just, that they may not offend.
Thou God art just, and Thou Searcher art
Of hart and raynes, and euery inward part:
My helpe proceedeth from the Lord of Might,
Who saueth those which are of hart vpright;
A powerfull and a patient JUDGE is Hee,
Though euery day His wrath prouokèd bee:
But, if men will not turne, His sword Hee whets,
And bends His bowe, and to the stringe Hee setts
The INSTRUMENTS of death, His arrowes keene,
GAINST such as rebells to His will haue beene.
The jmpious man conceaues jniquity,
Trauailes with mischief, and brings forth a ly:
The RIGHTEOUS to entrapp hee digs a pitt,
But hee himselfe first falls and sinks in it.
The wicked plotts his workinge braine doth cast,
Light with a mischeife on himselfe at last.
MY THANKES WITH GOD'S GREAT JUSTICE SHALL ACCORD,
AND I WILL HIGHLY PRAISE THE HIGHEST LORD.

PSALM VIII.

O GOD, OUR LORD! HOW LARGE IS THE EXTENT
Of Thy great name and glorie excellent!
It fills this world, but it doth shyne most bright
Aboue the heauens, in th' vnapproachèd light.
BY SUCKINGE BABES THOU DOST THY STRENGTH DISCLOSE,
And by their mouth to silence put Thy foes.
When I see HEAUEN wrought by Thy mighty hand,
And all those glorious lights in order stand,
Lord! what is man that Thou on him dost looke!
Or of the SONNE OF MAN such care hast tooke!
Next ANGELLS in degree Thou hast him plac't,
And with a crowne of honour hast him grac't:
Thou hast him made lord of Thy CREATURES all,
Subjectinge them to his commaund and call;
All birds and aiery fowles are vnder him,
And fishes all which in the Sea doe swymme.
O Lord, our God! how large is the extent
Of Thy great name and glorie excellent!

PSALM IX.

Thee will I thanke euer with my hart entire,
And make the world Thy wondrous workes admire;
In Thee rejoyce, in Thee trihumph will I,
My songs shall praise Thy name, O God, most High!
While my proud foes are put to shamefull flight,
And fall and perish at Thy dreadfull sight.
Thou, righteous JUDGE, dost sitt vpon Thy THRONE
And dost maintaine my rightfull cause alone;
Thou checkst the HEATHEN; and the wicked race
Thou dost destroy, and all their names deface.
O ENEMY! behould thy finall fall,
Thy CITTIES perish and their names withall;
But God, our Lord, for euer shall endure,
His judgement SEATE, Hee hath establisht sure,
Where Hee judges the World with equall right,
And measures JUSTICE vnto euery weight:[185]
He likewise will become a BULWARKE strong
And tymely aide to them that suffer wrong.
Who knowes Thy name in Thee His trust will place,
Who neuer failest them that seeke Thy face.
O, praise the Lord! you that in SION dwell,
His noble Acts among the NATIONS tell;
When of oppression Hee enquiry makes,
Of euery poore man's plaint Hee notice takes.
Haue mercy, Lord! and take into Thy thought
My trubles, which my hatefull foes haue wrought.
Thou from the gates of death my SOULE dost raise,
That I in SION'S GATES may sing Thy praise;
The sweet saluation which Thou dost jmpart
Shall bee the joy and comfort of my heart.
The INFIDELLS make pitts, and sinke therein,
Their feet are caught in their owne proper synne;
Thy judgement Lord, Thou hast thereby declar'd
When wicked men in their owne workes are snar'd:
Hell is a place for impious men assign'd
And such as doe cast GOD out of their minde;
But poore men shall not bee forgotten euer
Nor meeke mens' patience, if they doe perseuer.
Rise Lord! and let [not][186] man aboue Thee rise
And judge the Infidel with angrie eyes:
Strike them with feare, that, though they know not Thee,
Yet they may know that mortall men they bee.

[Footnote 185: = wight. G.]

[Footnote 186: This 'not' is self-evidently required. G.]

PSALM X.

Why standest Thou O Lord! so farr away
And hids't Thy face when trubles mee dismay?
The wicked for his lust the poore man spoyles;
Lord! take him in the trap of his owne wiles.
Hee makes his boaste of his profane desires
Contemninge God, while hee himselfe admires:
Hee is soe proud, that God hee setts at naught,
Nay rather, God comes neuer in his thought.
Thy judgements Lord, are farr aboue his sight
This makes him to esteeme his foes soe light,
And in his hart to say, I cannot fall,
Nor can misfortune light on mee at all:
His mouth is full of execrat[i]ons vile;
Under his tongue doth sit ungodly guile;
Close in the corners of the waies he lies,
And lurkes, and waits, the simple to surprize:
Euen as a lyon lurkinge in his den,
To assault and murther innocent poore men;
Gainst whom his eyes maliciously are sett,
To catch them when they fall into his nett.
Himselfe hee humbles, bowes, and crouchinge stands
Till poore men fall into his powerfull hands;
Then, in his heart hee sayth 'God hath forgott:
Hee turnes away his face and sees it not.'
Arise O Lord! and lift Thy hand on high,
The poore forgett not which oppressèd ly:
For why should wicked men blaspheme Thee thus
'Tush! God is carelesse and regards not us'?
Surely Thou seest the wronge which they haue done,
And all oppressions underneath the sunne;
To Thee alone the poore his cause commends
As th' only freind of him that wanteth freinds.
Lord! breake the power of the malicious minde
Take ill away, and Thou not ill shalt finde.
The Lord is kinge, and doth for euer raigne,
Nor miscreants shall within His Land remaine;
Hee hearkeneth to the poore, but first prepareth
Their hearts to pray; then their petition heareth:
That Hee poore orphans, may both help and saue,
That worldly men on them no power may haue.

PSALM XI.

I trust in God: to mee why should you say,
'Fly like a bird to mountaines farr away'?
Their bowes and arrowes wicked men prepare,
To peirce the hearts of them that faithfull are:
Euen him whome God hath made a corner-stone
They haue cast downe; but what hath Hee misdone?
God in His holy temple doth remaine,
The heauen of HEAUENS: where Hee doth sitt and raigne.
Upon the poore He casteth downe His eye,
The sonnes of MEN He doth discerne and trie;
The just and righteous men Hee doth approue,
But hateth synners which their sinnes doe loue;
On them He rayneth snares, brimstone and fire,
This is their cup, their wages, and their hire;
The righteous GOD loues him whose way is right,
And on the just His gracious eye doth light.

PSALM XII.

Helpe Lord! for all the godly men are gon,
And of the faithfull, fewe there are, or non;
Each man to other doth vaine things jmpart,
With lipps deceiptfull, and with double hart;
The Lord will soone cutt of the lipps that lie,
And root out tongues that speake proud words and high.
'With mighty words wee will preuale' say they:
What Lord is Hee that dareth us gainesay?
'Now for the trubles and oppressions sore
The gronings and the sighings of the poore,
I will arise' sayth God, 'and quell their foes
That swell with pride; and them in rest repose.'
God's words are pure, and chaste, like siluer tride
Which hath with seauen fires bene purified.
Thou wilt preserue them Lord! and guard them still,
From this vile race of men which wish them ill.
The ungodly walke in circles, yet goe free
When such as feare not God, exalted bee.

PSALM XIII.

How long O Lord! shall I forgotten bee?
How long wilt Thou Thy bright Face hide from mee?
How long shall I my thoughts tosse to and fro
And bee thus vext by my insultinge foe?
Giue ease, O Lord; giue light unto mine eyes,
Lest death in endlesse sleepe doth mee surprise;
Lest my proud foe vaunt that hee doth preuaile,
And laugh at mee when I shall faint or faile;
But in Thy mercie all my trust is pight[187]
And thy saluation is my hearte's delight;
Of Thy sweet kindnes therefore sing will I,
And highly praise the name of God, Most High.

[Footnote 187: = pitched. Henry More in one of his Hymns uses the word:

"Lord stretch Thy tent in my straight breast,
Enlarge it downward, that sure rest
May there be _pight_."

G.]

PSALM XIV.

'THERE IS NOE GOD,' THE FOOLE SAYTH IN HIS HEART,
Yet dares not with his tongue his thought impart;
All are corrupt and odious in God's sight,
Not one doth good, not one doth well, vpright.
God cast His eyes from Heauen on all mankinde,
And lookt if Hee one righteous man could finde;
But all were wicked, all from God were gone,
Not one did good, in all the world, not one;
Their throat an open graue, their flattering tongue
And lyinge lips, like stinge of wasps haue stung.
With bitter cursing, they their mouthes doe fill;
Their feet are swift the guiltles blood to spill;
Sad, wretched mischeife, in their wayes doth lye
But for the wayes of peace they passe them by;
Noe feare of God haue they before their eyes,
Nor knowledge, while these mischeifes they devise;
While they God's people doe with might oppresse
And eat them up like bread with greedines;
And since on God they neuer vse to call,
They fear'd when cause of feare was non at all.
But to the righteous man and to his race,
God present is with His protectinge grace;
Though fooles doe mocke the counsell of the poore,
Because in God hee trusted euermore.
Who shall saluation out of SION giue
To ISRAELL but God? Who shall releiue
His people and of CAPTIUES make them free:
Thou JACOB joyfull, Israell glad shall bee.

PSALM XV.

LORD! WHO SHALL DWELL IN THY BRIGHT TENT WITH THEE
And of Thy rest in heauen pertaker bee?
Euen hee that is vpright in all his wayes[188]
And from his hart speakes[189] truth in all hee sayes;
Who hath forborne to doe his neighbour wrong
Nor him deceau'd or slaunderèd with his tong;
Who of himselfe an humble thought doth beare
But highly valewes them which GOD doe feare;
Who of his promis doth himselfe acquitt,
Though losse hee suffer by performinge it;
Nor hath for bitinge vse his monie lent,
Nor tooke reward against the innocent;
Who shall obserue these poynts, and doe them all,
Assuredly that man can neuer fall.

[Footnote 188: Written here, as elsewhere, not by the contraction-sign of the plural 'es' but in full. G.]

[Footnote 189: Another example in the MS., of the plural 'es' in contraction-sign, preceded by 'e.' G.]

PSALM XVI.

Mee thy poore seruant Lord! preserue and saue,
For all my trust in Thee repos'd I haue:
Lord! said my soule, Thou art my GOD, to Thee
My goods are nothinge when they offered bee;
But my delight[s] are in those saints of Thine,
Which liue on Earth, and doe in vertue shine;
But they which runn to worshipp idolls vaine,
Shall multiply their sorrow and their paine.
Of their blood offerings will I not pertake,
Nor of their names shall my lipps mention make.
The portion of mine heritage and cupp
Is God Himselfe who houlds and keepes[190] mee upp;
In a faire ground to mee my lott did chance,
Soe I possesse a rich Inheritance:
Thankes[191] bee to God His warninge giues mee light,
My raynes with paine doe chasten me by night;
I looke to God in my endeauors all,
Hee stands soe neare mee that I cannot fall;
This hath my heart and tongue with joyes possest,
And now my flesh in hope to rise, shall rest;
My soule shall not be buryed in the graue,
Nor shall Thy Holy One corruption haue;
Shew mee the path of life; for in Thy sight
Doth endles pleasure rest and full delight.

[Footnote 190: Another example of 'e' before the contraction-sign of 'es.' G.]

[Footnote 191: In full 'es' here, as before. Having now given several examples of the arbitrary use of the 's,' and 'es' in full and by contraction-sign, it will not be needful to note more in the sequel. G.]

PSALM XVII.

Heare my just cause Lord! heare my prayer and crie,
Which come from lipps not vs'd to faine or lie:
Lord, let my sentence from Thy mouth be giuen,
For Thou regards't things only just and euen;[192]
In the darke night of my aduersitie,
Thou did'st my heart examine, proue and trie;
And yet vpon this triall did'st not finde
My heart or tongue to any ill enclinde:
For that their workes against Thy Word are done
I doe their wayes which tende to ruine, shunn.
Lord! in Thy pathes doe Thou my goings guide,
Lest in this slippery life my footstepps slide:
Thy name haue I invok't, Thou shalt mee heare
And to my humble words incline Thy eare;
O Sauiour! of all those that trust in Thee
Thy mercies full of wonder shew to mee;
Preserue mee as the apple of Thine eye,
Under Thy winges in safetie let me lie;
Saue mee from them which Thy right hand oppose,
And from my ungodly circumuenting foes;
Their fatt estates doe them soe fortifie
As they presume to speake proud words and high;
In all my wayes in wait for mee hee lies,
To cast mee downe hee downewards casts his eyes
Euen like a lyon, watching for his prey,
Or lyon's whelpes which lurke beside the way.
Vp Lord! defeat, defeat this foe of mine,
That wicked man who is a sword of Thyne;
From wordly men vouchsafe my soule to saue,
Who in their mortall life their portion haue;
Whose bellies with Thy treasure Thou dost fill,
Who children haue, and leaue them wealth at will;
But I Thy face in righteousnes shall see
And with Thy presence shall contented bee.

[Footnote 192: A later handwriting substitutes for the respective rhymes of this couplet 'proceed' and 'right indeed.' G.]

PSALM XVIII.

Thou art my strength, O Lord! Thee will I loue,
Thou art my Rocke, which nothing can remoue:
My God, in Whome my trust I will repose,
My Sauiour, sheild and horne, against my foes;
Lord, most praise worthy, pray will I to Thee
Soe shall I from my foes protected bee;
When deadly sorrowes did besett mee round,
And floods of wickednes did mee surhound[193]
When paines of hell I felt in my desease,
And pangs of death upon my soule did sease;
On GOD I callèd in that instant truble,
And my complaints unto the Lord did dubble:
But when His wrath and vengeance kindled were,
The Earth did quake, and mountaines shooke for feare,
And coles grew redd with His inflaminge jre;
Hee bowed the heauens, and did descend withall,
And shadowes darke beneath His feet did fall:
Hee ridinge on the CHERUBINS did fly,
And with the wingèd windes was borne on high;
Darkness His clossett, His pauilion wide
Made of blacke clouds, His face a while did hide;
But at His presence right away they flew
When haile and coles of fire abroad Hee threw;
The Lord from heauen did send His thunder lowd
With fire and haile from out the broken cloud;
A shower of arrowes on His foes did fall,
His thunderboults and lightenings slewe them all;
Fountaines were dride and the earthe's foundation mou'd
When synners, in His wrath, the Lord reprou'd;
But Hee from heauen shall send His angell's downe
And take mee vp when waters would mee drowne;
Hee from my foe, too mightie and too strong,
Shall saue mee when Hee doth mee mightie wrong,
Preuentinge mee [in] my disastrous day:
But then the Lord was my support and stay;
When I was captiue, Hee did sett mee free,
And brought mee forth because Hee fauoured mee.
He shall reward mee as my dayes bee right,
And hands be cleane[194]: soe shall Hee mee requite;
For I still kept his pathes, and did not shunn
To walke therein, as other men haue done:
But euer sett[195] His lawes before mine eyes,
And neuer did His holy words dispise.
My heart was vncorrupt before Him still,
Pursuinge goodnes and eschewinge ill;
Hee shall reward mee as my deeds bee right,
And hands bee cleane: soe shall He mee requite.
Unto the good Thou wilt Thy goodnes show,
And righteous men Thy righteousnes shall know;
The pure of heart shall Thee behold most pure
But froward men Thy curses shall endure;
Them will God raise, which under pressures ly,
And proud men humble which doe looke soe high;
Hee shall sett up for mee a candle bright,
My God shall turne my darkness vnto light.
Through Thee, an host of men, I conquere shall,
And with Thy helpe transcend the highest wal;[196]
GOD'S way is pure, His word is tride with fire;[197]
Hee heals all them which unto Him retire;
For who is God? or who hath strength and power
Except our Lord, our God and only our?
Hee girdeth mee with furniture to fight,
And guideth mee, and houldeth mee upright;
My feet as swift as HART'S feet Hee doth make,
And vp to honnor's tower Hee doth mee take;
Hee giues such strength unto my fingers weake,
As that my arme a bowe of steele shall breake.
Thy hands shall bee my safety and protection,
Thou shalt aduance mee with Thy sweet correction;
Thou for my feet shalt make a passage wide,
Soe as my steps shall neuer goe aside;
I shall pursue, and in pursuite outgoe,
And neuer turne till I haue quelld my foe;
When I him smite[198] he shall not rise at all,
If once at my victorious feet hee fall.
Thou hast girded mee with a sword of strength,
Wherewith I shall subdue my foes at length;
For thou shalt turne the stubburne necke about
Of them that hate mee till, I root them out;
Then shall they crie (but helpe there shall be non)
Euen to the Lord, Who shall not heare their mone.
My foes to powder I shall breake and bray
And tread them down like mire amid the way.
Thou my rebellious subjects shalt accord,
And ouer Heathen Nations make mee Lord;
A people whome I knowe not shall mee serue,
And with base adulation mee obserue;
These Aliens all, shall faint and bee dismaied
And in their strongest Castles bee afraid.
Liue Lord! my strength: and blessed bee therefore
And praisèd bee my Sauiour euermore,
Who doth repay my foes with vengeance due,
And unto mee my vassals doth subdue;
Who doth not only saue but sett mee high
Aboue my foes, and there[199] feirce crueltie.
For this, both of my thanks and praise to Thee,
The Heathen Nations witneses shall bee;
For wealth and power and blessings manie moe,
On Dauid and his race Thou shalt bestowe.

[Footnote 193: = surround: as 'trihumph' for triumph. Cf. Psalm xxxv. line 37. G.]

[Footnote 194: Inadvertently written 'cleare.' G.]

[Footnote 195: 'My' written and erased here. G.]

[Footnote 196: 'Wal' is supplied in a more recent hand. G.]

[Footnote 197: In the MS. following on the line "God's way ...... fire," is this:

"All those that trust in Him will He vphold."

The Original enables us to see that this was a variation not settled on. The first form was evidently as in the text, but the second line, "Hee heals," &c., not being quite the thought of the Original, Davies went nearer it in the new line, "All those," &c., thinking perhaps of varying the first line to "tride as gold;" but on reflection, seeing that was bad, left it as at first, albeit he must have neglected to cancel "All those," &c. I have not hesitated to withdraw a line the retention of which would leave it without its fellow. G.]

[Footnote 198: The MS. reads 'sute' but as above, Query--contracted for 'smite'? G.]

[Footnote 199: = their. G.]

PSALM XIX.

The workmanship of heauen soe bright and faire,
Thy power O Lord, and glorie doth declare;
One day Thy praise doth to another preach,
One night another doth in order teach;
Where euer any tongue or voyce doth sound,
In all the world their speech is heard around.
In middest of heauen, the hands of God hath pight[200]
For the sunne's lodgeinge, a pauilion bright;
Who as a bridegroome from his chamber goes;
Or GIANT, marchinge forth against his foes,
Hee issues; and from EAST TO WEST doth runne:
His peircinge heat noe liueinge weight[201] can shun.
God's lawe is perfect and man's soule renues,
And simple mindes with knowledge it endues;
Right are His statutes and rejoyce the heart,
Light to the eyes His precepts pure impart;
His feare is cleane and soe endures for aye;
His judgements true and righteous euery way;
More sweet then honie, to bee valewed more
Then many heapes of finest goulden oare.
They rectifie withall Thy seruants minde,
And who soe keeps them, great reward shall finde;
But Lord who knowes how oft hee doth transgresse?
O clense mee from my secret wickednes!
Nor let presumptuous sinns beare rule in mee,
Soe shall I from the great offence bee free;
And Lord! my strength and Sauiour! soe direct
My words and thoughts as Thou maiest them accept.

[Footnote 200: = pitched, as _ante_. G.]

[Footnote 201: A later hand has placed above this, 'wight': which is only a different spelling. Mr. Bruce, (as before) adds Qu: It seeme to have stood originally 'weigh.' The Corrector added a 't' and then perhaps thinking it not quite clear, or not liking the incorrect spelling, wrote 'wight' above it. G.]

PSALM XX.

The Lord giue eare to thee in thy distresse!
And bee thy Sheilde, when trubles thee oppresse!
And let His help come downe from heauen for thee!
And strength from Syon Hill imparted bee!
Let Him remember, and accept withall,
Thine offerings and thy sacrifices all;
And of His bountie euermore fulfill
Thy hearts desire; and satisfie thy will.
But wee will glory in our great God's name
And joy in our saluation through the same;
And pray unto the Lord our God, that Hee
The effect of all thy prayers will graunt to thee.
Hee now I know will heare, and helpe will bringe,
With His strong hand to His annoynted KINGE;
On chariots some, on horses some, rely,
But wee inuoke the name of God Most High.
Those others are bowed downe and fall full lowe,
When wee are risen and vpright doe goe.
Saue us O Lord of Heauen! and heare us thence,
When wee inuoke Thy name for our defence.

PSALM XXI.

Glad is the kinge, and joyfull is his hart,
That Thou O Lord, his strength and safety art;
That Thou hast giuen him what his heart desired,
And not denied him what his lipps required;
Preuentinge him with blessings manifould,
And crowninge him with pure refinèd gould.
Hee askt Thee life, Thou gauest him length of daies,
Euen endlesse life, to giue Thee endlesse praise;
His safety, through Thy prouidence deuine
With honour great and glorie makes him shine;
Blisse without end Thou wilt to him jmpart,
The sunn-beames of Thy face will cheare his hart:
For in Thy mercy hee doth trust withall,
Which stayes his stepps that hee shall neuer fall;
But Thy long hand shall reach Thy flyinge foe
And finde him when he most secure doth goe;
Thine enimies shall (when kindled is Thine ire)
As in a furnace be consumed with fire;
Their ofspringe from the Earth shall rotted bee,
Their second generation non shall see:
For against Thee and Thine their councell was,
Yet could not bringe their wicked plott to passe,
But turn'd their backes and put themselues to chase,
When Thou hadst bent Thy bowe against their face;
Bee pleased in Thine owne strength Thyselfe to raise,
Soe shall wee Lord, Thy power and mercie praise.

PSALM XXII.

My God! my God! why leauest Thou mee? and why
Dost Thou soe farr withdraw Thee from my crie?
I cry all day, but Thou dost not giue eare;
At night I cease not, yet Thou wilt not heare;
Yet Thou art holy still, Thou God of might,
Thy people's great renowne and glory bright;
When our forefathers plac't their hope in Thee
From cruell bondage Thou didst sett them free;
In Thee they trusted, and to Thee they prayed,
And neuer faild of Thy celestiall aid;
But as for mee, a worme not man, am I;
A scorne to euery man that passeth by;
They laugh and mocke, my poore estate to see;
They draw their mouth and shake their heads at mee;
And say, 'hee hop't in God, that Hee should saue him,
Now let God rescue him if Hee will haue him.'
But Thou Lord from my mother's wombe didst take mee,
And when I suck't her brest, didst not forsake mee;
Euen from my birth I was to Thee bequeathèd,
And Thou hast bene my God since first I breathèd.
O leaue mee not when trubles doe mee presse,
And there is non to helpe mee in distresse;
Many strong beasts haue mee invironèd
As fatt and feirce as bulls IN BASHAN fedd;
They runne on mee with open mouthes and wide;
Like hungry lyons rampinge in their pride.
My soule, like water on the earth is spilt,
My joynts are loosed, my heart like wax doth melt,
My synewes shrunke are, like a potsheard drie,
My tongue cleaues to my jawes, dead dust am I.
For many doggs haue compast me about,
I am besett with a malitious rout;
They peirce My hands and feet, and stare on Mee,
And euery ribb of My leane bodie see;
They spoyle Mee of My GARMENTS, and beside,
The parts thereof by lotts they doe deuide.
Lord! bee not farr, when I Thy help shall need,
Thou art My strength, O succour Mee with speed!
And sheild Mee from the sword, and from the power
Of doggs, which would My dearest SOULE deuoure!
And from the lyon's mouth, and from the hornes
Of many, fearce, insultinge unicornes!
Among My kinn will I declare Thy name,
And in the great Assembly spread the same.
Yee that feare Him His praise and glory tell,
And honnour Him yee seed of ISRAELL;
Hee scorneth not the poore, nor hides His face,
But heares his suit when hee laments his case.
When all Thy faithfull folke assembled bee,
I sound Thy praise and pay my vowes to Thee.
The Lord shall fully satisfie the meeke,
Their soule shall liue which His light face doe seeke;
The EAST AND WEST shall turne to their right minde,
And to the true God's worshipp be inclinde;
Who doth, of all the world the SCEPTER beare,
Rules and commaunds the nations euery where;
The fatt shall eate and worshipp Him therefore,
And they that lye in dust shall Him adore.
Euen hee which cannot his own life preserue,
Nor quicken his owne soule, the Lord shall serue.
Their seed, O Lord! shall serue to worshipp Thee,
And with Thy chosen people numbred bee;
And to their children's children, shall expresse
Thine euerlasting truth and righteousnes.

PSALM XXIII.

The Lord my SHEAPERD is, Hee doth mee feed,
His bounty euermore supplies my need;
When I in pastures greene my fill haue tooke,
He leads mee forth into the siluer brooke;
Hee turnes my soule, when it is gon astray,
For His name's glory, to His right[eous][202] way;
Therefore although my soule detruded were,
Euen to Hell's gates, yet I not ill should feare;
When Thou art with mee, what should mee dismay?
Thy crooke, my comfort is; Thy staffe, my stay;
My table Thou hast spread and furnisht soe,
As glads my heart, and greiues my enuious foe;
Thy balme powr'd on my head, doth sweetly smell;
Thou makst my cup aboue the brimme to swell.
Thy mercy, while I breathe, shall follow mee,
And in Thy house my dwellinge-place shall bee.

[Footnote 202: I add 'eous' to 'right' of the MS. agreeably to the Prayer Book version--"and bring me forth in the paths of righteousness." G.]

PSALM XXIV.