Chapter XV: Appendix: C

KEEPERS OF THE REGALIA[6]

1. Abbot and Monks of Westminster, 1042-66, in the reign of
Edward the Confessor.

2. First official Keeper of the Regalia, 1216, in the reign of
Henry III.

3. Bishop of Carlisle, 1230, in the reign of Henry III.

4. John de Flete, 1337, in the reign of Edward III.

5. Robert de Mildenhall, 1347, in the reign of Edward III.

6. Thomas Chitterne, 1418, in the reign of Henry VI.

7. Thomas Cromwell, Earl of Essex, in the reign of Henry VIII.

8 & 9. “The two Carys,” both Privy Councillors.

10. Marquis of Winchester, 1553, in the reign of Edward VI.

11. Sir Henry Mildmay, in the reign of Charles I. and
interregnum.

12. Sir Gilbert Talbot, 1661 to 1691, in the reigns of Charles
II., James II., and William and Mary.

13. Talbot Edwards, Assistant Keeper, died 1674, in the reigns
of Charles II. and James II.

14. Sir Francis Lawley, from 1691 to 1697, in the reign of
William and Mary.

15. Heneage Mountague, from 1697 to 1698, in the reign of
William and Mary.

16. Charles Godfrey, from 1698 to 1716, in the reigns of
William and Mary, Queen Anne, and George I.

17. Hon. James Brudenell, from 1716 to 1730, in the reigns of
George I. and George II.

18. Charles Townshend, Lord Lynn, from 1730 to 1739, in the
reign of George II.

19. William Neville, Lord Abergavenny, from 1739 to 1745, in
the reign of George II.

20. John Campbell, Lord Glenorchie, from 1745 to 1756, in the
reign of George II.

21. Sir Richard Lyttleton, from 1756 to 1763, in the reigns of
George II. and George III.

22. Henry Vane, Earl of Darlington, from 1763 to 1782, in the
reign of George III.

_In 1782 the Office was suppressed and its duties transferred
to the Lord Chamberlain (Stat. 22, Geo. III., c. 82). The
Office was again revived in the person of Lieut.-Colonel
Charles Wyndham who charged with the Scots Greys at Waterloo._

23. Lieut.-Colonel Charles Wyndham, died in 1872, in the reign
of Queen Victoria.

24. Colonel John Cox Gawler, late 73rd Foot, in the reign of
Queen Victoria.

25. Lieut.-General George Dean-Pitt, C.B., 1882-3, in the reign
of Queen Victoria.

26. Captain Arthur John Loftus, late 10th Hussars, in the reign
of Queen Victoria.

27. Lieut.-General Sir Michael Biddulph, G.C.B., in the reign
of Queen Victoria.

28. Lieut.-General Sir Frederick Middleton, K.C.M.G., C.B., to
1898, in the reign of Queen Victoria.

29. General Sir Hugh Gough, V.C., G.C.B., from 1898 to 1909, in
the reigns of Queen Victoria and Edward VII.

30. General Sir Robert Low, G.C.B., from 1909 to 1911, in the
reign of Edward VII.

31. General Sir Arthur Wynne, G.C.B., from 1911 to 1917, in the
reign of George V.

32. Major-General Sir George Younghusband, K.C.M.G., K.C.I.E.,
C.B. (present holder), 1917, in the reign of George V.

FOOTNOTES:

[6] Named at various periods “Master and Treasurer of the Jewel House,” “Keeper of the Crown Jewels,” “Keeper of the Regalia,” now named “Keeper of the Jewel House.”

INDEX

Æthelred II., coronation of, 1

Alms dish of William and Mary, 43

Ampulla, the, 34

Anointing spoon, the, 35

Arched crown, 12

---- ----, meaning of, 15

Baptismal font, the, 41

Black Prince’s ruby, 11, 20, 21, 55

Book, the Coronation, 61

Bracelets, the, 40

Charles I., coronation ring of, 17

Charles II., coronation of, 3, 8

----, new regalia made for, 8

----, vestments of, 64

Commonwealth, regalia broken up by the, 6

Coronation Book, the, 61

Coronation of Æthelred II., 1

---- ---- Charles II., 3, 8

---- ---- George IV., 3

---- ---- Queen Victoria, 2

---- ---- William and Mary, 3

---- ring of Charles I., 17

---- ---- ---- Queen Victoria, 18

---- ---- ---- William IV., 18

Coronations, order of, 1

Coronet, Prince of Wales’, 24

Cross-patée and fleur-de-lys, development of, 14

Crown, arched, 12

----, ----, meaning of, 15

Crown, Imperial, of India, 21

----, ----, ---- ----, made for George V., 22

----, ---- State, the, 19

---- new, the, 3

---- of Queen Mary of Modena, 22

---- ---- Scotland, 16

---- ---- State, the, 9

----, Prince of Wales’, 24

----, St. Edward’s, 19

----, State, of Queen Mary, 23

Crowns, queens’, 22

----, State, 16

Cullinan diamond (_see_ Star of Africa) “Curtana,” 38

Diadem of Queen Mary of Modena, 22

Earrings, Queen Elizabeth’s, 20, 58

Edward the Confessor, regalia in time of, 5

---- ---- ---- sapphire, 20, 21

Edward VII., vestments of, 69

Elizabeth, Queen, earrings of, 20, 58

Equity, rod of, 28

----, rod of justice and, 30

Flagon of William and Mary, 43

Fleur-de-lys and cross-patée, development of, 14

Font, baptismal, 41

George IV., coronation of, 3

George V., Imperial Crown of India made for, 22

----, vestments of, 70

History of the Royal orbs, 31

---- ---- ---- ---- sceptres, 25 _et seq._

Imperial Crown of India, 21

---- ---- ---- ---- made for George V., 22

---- State Crown, the, 19

India, Imperial Crown of, 21

Ivory rod, the Queen’s, 29

Jewelled sword of State, 38

James II., regalia altered for, 9

----, vestments of, 65

Justice and equity, rod of, 30

Keeper of the regalia, first appointment, 6

King’s orb, 32

---- royal sceptre with the cross, 27

---- sceptre with the dove, 28

Koh-i-nur, the, 23, 53

_Liber Regalis_, 1

Maces, the, 50

Mary of Modena, Queen, diadem of, 22

---- ---- ----, ----, crown of, 22

----, Queen, State crown of, 23

Maundy dish, the, 43

Military emblems, 3

New crown, the, 3

Orb, the, 2

----, ---- King’s, 32

----, ---- Queen’s, 33

Orbs, the royal, history of, 31

Order of the coronations, 1

Pawning of the regalia, 6

Prince of Wales’ coronet, 24

---- ---- ---- crown, 24

Queen Elizabeth’s earrings, 20, 58

---- ---- salt-cellar, 45

Queens’ crowns, 22

---- ivory rod, 29

---- orb, 33

---- sceptre with the cross, 28

---- ---- with the dove, 29

Regal vestments, the, 64

Regalia altered for James II., 9

---- broken up by the Commonwealth, 6

---- in the time of Edward the Confessor, 5

----, keeper of the, first appointment, 6

----, new, made for Charles II., 8

----, pawning of the, 6

---- removed to the Tower, 5

----, Scottish, 17

Ring, coronation, of Charles I., 17

----, ----, ---- Queen Victoria, 18

----, ----, ---- William IV., 18

Rod, ivory, the Queen’s, 29

---- of equity, 28

---- ---- justice and equity, 30

Royal crown, history of, 12

---- orbs, history of, 31

Ruby, Black Prince’s, 11, 20, 55

----,---- ----, value of, 21

St. Edward, sapphire of, 21, 57

St. Edward’s crown, 19

---- chair (_see_ Throne of England)

---- staff, 30

St. George’s salts, 47

Salt-cellar, Queen Elizabeth’s, 45

Salt of State, the, 49

Salts, St. George’s, 47

Sapphire of St. Edward, 21, 57

----, Stuart, 20, 57

Sceptre with the cross, the King’s royal, 27

Sceptre with the cross, the Queen’s, 28

---- ---- ---- dove, the King’s, 28

---- ---- ---- ----, ---- Queen’s, 29

Sceptres, earliest known, 25

----, history of the royal, 25 _et seq._

----, two kinds of, 2

Scotland, crown of, 16

Scottish regalia, 17

Sovereign, priestly and military character of the, 2

Spoon, the, 35

Spurs, the, 39

Staff, St. Edward’s, 30

Star of Africa, 19, 27, 56

State crown of Queen Mary, 23

---- crowns, 16

---- trumpets, the, 51

Stuart sapphire, 20, 57

Sword of State, jewelled, 38

Swords, the, 37 _et seq._

Throne of England, 59

Tower, regalia removed to the, 5

Trumpets, the State, 51

Vestments of Charles II., 64

---- ---- Edward VII., 69

---- ---- James II., 65

---- ---- Queen Victoria, 65

----, regal, the, 64

Victoria, Queen, coronation of, 2

----, ----, ---- ring of, 18

----, ----, vestments of, 65

William and Mary, coronation of, 3

William IV., coronation ring of, 18

Wine fountain of Charles II., 44

PRINTED BY CASSELL & COMPANY, LIMITED, LA BELLE SAUVAGE, LONDON, E.C.4.

A list of figures in the text.

Fig. 01. Crown, with three points, bearing each a single pearl, on helmet. From penny of Æthelstan.

Fig. 02. Crown with three points, each bearing one pearl. From halfpenny of Æthelstan.

Fig. 03. Crown with three trefoils. From penny of Canute.

Fig. 04. Crown with arches, pearls, and pearled pendants. From penny of Edward the Confessor.

Fig. 05. Crown with pearled arches. From penny of Harold II.

Fig. 06. Crown with three points bearing each three pearls. From Great Seal of William I.

Fig. 07. Crown with pearled arches and pendants. From penny of William I.

Fig. 08. Crown with five points each bearing one pearl, with pearled pendants. From Great Seal of William II.

Fig. 09. Crown with three trefoils and pearled arches. From penny of Stephen.

Fig. 10. Crown with three trefoils and pearled pendants. From Great Seal of Henry I.

Fig. 11. Crown with three fleurs-de-lys, on helmet. From first Great Seal of Henry I.

Fig. 12. Crown with three fleurs-de-lys, and pearls between each. From penny of Edward I.

Fig. 13. Crown with five fleurs-de-lys, and ornamental arches with cross at the top. From the third Great Seal of Edward IV.

Fig. 14. Crown with three crosses-patée and pearls between them. From the first Seal for Foreign Affairs of Henry VI.

Fig. 15. Crown with crosses-patée alternate with fleurs-de-lys, with arched mound and cross at the top. From Great Seal of Henry VII.

Fig. 16. Crown with three fleurs-de-lys, and tall points between them, with mound and cross at the top. From groat of Henry VII.

Fig. 17. Crown with five ornamented trefoils, arched, with mound and cross at the top. From shilling of Henry VII.

Fig. 18. Crown with crosses-patée and fleurs-de-lys alternate, arched, with mound and cross at the top. From crown of Henry VIII.

Fig. 19. The state crown of William IV.

Fig. 20. The Scottish crown.

Fig. 21. The Coronation Ring of Charles I.

Fig. 22. The Coronation Ring of William IV., Edward VII. and George V.

Fig. 23. The Queen's Ring worn by Queen Adelaide and Queen Alexandra.

Fig. 24. The Coronation Ring of Queen Victoria.

Fig. 25. Sceptre with three pearls at the top. From penny of Æthelred II.

Fig. 26. Sceptre with trefoil and pearls at the top. From penny of Canute.

Fig. 27. Sceptre with cross-patée. From penny of Edward the Confessor.

Fig. 28. Sceptre with dove at the top. From the first Great Seal of Edward the Confessor.

Fig. 29. Sceptre with four pearls at the top. From penny of Harold.

Fig. 30. Sceptre with dove and mound. From the second Great Seal of Henry III.

Fig. 31. Sceptre with fleur-de-lys at the top. From the second Great Seal of Henry IV.

Fig. 32. The Royal Sceptre with the Cross before the insertion of the Star of Africa.

Fig. 33. The Royal Sceptre with the Cross showing the Star of Africa as it at present appears.

Fig. 34. Sceptre with dove, cross and mound. From Sir Edward Walker's account of the coronation of Charles II.

Fig. 35. Sceptre with cross, mound and fleur-de-lys, made for Mary of Modena, Queen-Consort of James II.

Fig. 36. Orb with cross-patée on short stem. From Great Seal of William I.

Fig. 37. Orb with dove and cross-patée on short stem. From the fourth Great Seal of Henry I.

Fig. 38. Orb with cross on tall ornamental stem. From the first Great Seal of Richard I.

Fig. 39. Orb with cross on tall ornamental stem. From the first Great Seal of Henry III.

Fig. 40. Orb with cross and mound on tall stem. From the second Great Seal of Henry III.

Fig. 41. Orb with ornamental cross on tall stem. From the Great Seal of Henry VII.

Fig. 42. Orb with ornamental cross. From the second Great Seal of Henry VII.

Fig. 43. The ampulla.

Fig. 44. The serjeants-at-arms carrying their maces. From the coronation procession of Charles II. after Wenceslaus Hollar.

Fig. 45. St. Edward's chair.

Fig. 46. Queen Victoria seated in St. Edward's chair.

Fig. 47. The kingston coronation stone.

Fig. 48. The "coronation book" of Henry I.

Fig. 49. The supertunica or dalmatic worn by Charles II. at his coronation.

Fig. 50. The armilla or stole worn by Charles II. at his coronation.

Fig. 51. Pall or royal mantle worn by Charles II. at his coronation.

Fig. 52. The pall or royal mantle of cloth of gold worn by James II. at his coronation.

Fig. 53. Supertunica or dalmatic worn by James II. at his coronation.

Fig. 54. Surcoat of crimson satin opened for the anointing on both shoulders and on the bend of the arms and at the back with crimson taffeta ties. Worn by James II. at his coronation.

Fig. 55. Armilla or stole worn by James II. at his coronation.

Fig. 56. The colobium sindonis worn by Queen Victoria at her coronation.

Fig. 57. Dalmatic worn by Queen Victoria at her coronation.

Fig. 58. Armilla or stole worn by Queen Victoria at her coronation.

Fig. 59. Pall or imperial mantle worn by Queen Victoria at her coronation.

Fig. 60. The imperial mantle of George IV., used also by George V.

Transcriber’s Notes.

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