Chapter II: Book EIGHT: A Mysterious Visitor (1)

THOMAS CARLYLE.

THOMAS CARLYLE was born in a little village in Scotland, in the
year 1795.

His father, James Carlyle, was a poor mason, so poor that at times
there was scarcely enough food in the house for his family; but the
father resolved that the boy should have an education, and saved,
little by little, the money to pay for it.

When Thomas was ten years old, he and his father walked to the town
of Annan, where Thomas was to enter the academy. The father little
dreamed, as they trudged along together, that one day his son would
be famous as one of the world’s greatest writers, so great that
even the Queen of England would wish to talk with him.

He studied at the academy of Annan for three years. His father,
dressed in his coarse workman’s clothes, once visited him there.
Thomas was afraid that the other boys would laugh at him, but the
sturdy Scotchman was so dignified that he won their respect.

When Thomas reached the age of thirteen his parents decided to send
him to the great University at Edinburgh. They walked through the
village streets with him and watched him start on the highway. It
was a journey of a hundred miles, and he traveled all the way on
foot.

These experiences made the boy brave and resolute. He was not
afraid of the world.

A few years after leaving the University he began to earn his
living by writing. For many years his income was small, as he
would only write what he thought would make the world better. He
used to say that he would write his books as his father built his
houses, so that they would last. He scolded the world for its
faults, but he was very kind-hearted.

His “History of the French Revolution” is a wonderful work. When
the first volume of this history was written, Carlyle loaned it to
a friend, and the manuscript was accidentally destroyed. Carlyle
did not utter a word of reproach, although the loss meant months of
study and thought, but set manfully to work and wrote it once more.

He was fond of German literature, and translated the “Wilhelm
Meister” by Goethe. He wrote many other books, and became so famous
that when Gladstone retired from office as Lord Rector of
Edinburgh, Carlyle was made his successor. It was a great triumph
for the mason’s son; but in the midst of his new honors his wife
died, and there was no one to share his happiness.

Not long after this, Queen Victoria sent for Carlyle and granted
him a personal interview. On his eightieth birthday he was honored
by gifts from Scotland, England, and Germany. He died in 1881.

IN the village of Entepfuhl dwelt Andreas Futteral and his wife--childless, in still seclusion, and cheerful, though now verging toward old age.

Andreas had been grenadier sergeant and even regimental schoolmaster under Frederick the Great; but now, quitting the halbert and ferule for the spade and pruning hook, cultivated a little orchard, on the produce of which he lived not without dignity.

Fruits, the peach, the apple, the grape, with other varieties came in their season, all of which Andreas knew how to sell. On evenings he smoked or read (as beseemed a regimental schoolmaster), and talked to the neighbors about the victory of Rossbach; and how “Fritz the Only” had once with his own royal lips spoken to him, and had been pleased to say, when Andreas as camp sentinel demanded the password, “Peace, hound!” before any of his staff adjutants could answer. “There is what I call a king!” would Andreas exclaim; “but the smoke of Kunersdorf was still smarting his eyes.”

Gretchen, the housewife, had been won by the deeds rather than the looks of her husband, nevertheless she at heart loved him both for his valor and wisdom. Was not Andreas in very deed a man of order, courage, downrightness, that understood Büsching’s Geography, had been in the victory of Rossbach, and left for dead on the battlefield?

The good Gretchen, for all her fretting, watched over him and hovered round him as only a true house-mother can; she cooked and sewed and scoured for him; so that not only his old regimental sword and grenadier cap, but the whole habitation, where on pegs of honor they hung, looked ever trim and gay; a roomy cottage, embowered in fruit trees and forest trees, evergreens and honeysuckles, rising many-colored from amid shaven grass plots, flowers struggling in through the very windows; under its long projecting eaves nothing but garden tools and seats where, especially on summer nights, a king might have wished to sit and smoke and call it his.

Into this home, one meek, yellow evening, it was that a stranger of reverend aspect entered, and, with grave salutation, stood before the two rather astonished housemates. He was closely muffled in a wide mantle, which without farther parley unfolding, he deposited therefrom what seemed some basket, over-hung with green Persian silk, saying only: “Good Christian people, here lies for you an invaluable loan; take all heed thereof, in all carefulness employ it; with high recompense, or else with heavy penalty will it one day be required back.” Uttering which singular words in a clear, bell-like, forever memorable tone, the stranger gracefully withdrew; and before Andreas and his wife, gazing in expectant wonder, had time to fashion either question or answer, was gone.

Neither out of doors could aught of him be seen or heard; he had vanished in the thickets, in the dusk; the orchard gate stood quietly closed; the stranger was gone once and always. So sudden had the whole transaction been in the autumn stillness and twilight, so gentle and noiseless, that the Futterals could have fancied it all a trick of imagination, or a visit from some spirit; only that green silk basket, such as neither imagination nor spirits are wont to carry, still stood visible and tangible on their little parlor table.

Toward this the astonished couple, now with lit candle, hastily turned their attention. Lifting the green veil to see what invaluable it hid, they descried there, amid down and rich white wrappings, no Pitt diamond or Hapsburg regalia, but in the softest sleep a little red-colored infant! Beside it lay a roll of gold, the exact amount of which was never publicly known; also a baptismal certificate, wherein, unfortunately, nothing but the name was decipherable.

To wonder and conjecture were unavailing then and thenceforth. Nowhere in Entepfuhl did tidings transpire of any such figure as the stranger. Meanwhile, for Andreas and his wife, the grand practical problem was what to do with this little sleeping infant! Amid amazements and curiosities which had to die away without satisfying, they resolved, as in such circumstances charitable, prudent people needs must, on nursing it, if possible, into manhood.

Young Diogenes, or rather young Gneschen, for by such diminutive had they in their fondness named him, traveled forward by quick but easy stages. I have heard him noted as a still infant, that kept his mind much to himself; above all, that he seldom cried. He already felt that time was precious; that he had other work cut out for him than whimpering.

Most graceful is the following little picture: “On fine evenings I was wont to carry forth my supper, bread crumbs boiled in milk, and eat it out of doors. On the coping of the orchard wall, which I could reach by climbing, or still more easily if Father Andreas would set up the pruning ladder, my porringer was placed; there many a sunset have I, looking at the western mountains, consumed my evening meal.

“Those hues of gold and azure, that hush of the world’s expectation as day died, were still a Hebrew speech for me; nevertheless I was looking at the fair, illuminated letters, and had an eye for their gilding.”

With the little one’s friendship for cattle and poultry we shall not much intermeddle. It may be that hereby he acquired a certain deeper sympathy with animated nature. He says again: “Impressive enough was it to hear in early morning the swineherd’s horn, and know that so many hungry quadrupeds were, on all sides, starting in hot haste to join him for breakfast on the heath. Or to see them at eventide, all marching in again with short squeak, almost in military order; and each trotting off in succession to the right or left, through its own lane, to its own dwelling.”

Thus encircled by mystery, waited on by the four seasons, with their changing contributions, for even grim winter brought its skating matches, its snowstorms and Christmas carols, did the child sit and learn. These things were the alphabet whereby in after time he was to syllable and partly read the grand volume of the world; what matters it whether such alphabet be in large gilt letters or in small ungilt ones, so you have an eye to read it?

For Gneschen, eager to learn, the very act of looking thereon was a blessedness that gilded all; his existence was a bright, soft element of joy, out of which wonder after wonder bodied itself forth to teach by charming.

_From “Sartor Resartus.”_

A SCENE FROM WILLIAM TELL.

SHERIDAN KNOWLES.

SCENE I.

[WILLIAM TELL, ALBERT HIS SON, AND GESLER.]

_Gesler._ What is thy name?

_Tell._ My name?
It matters not to keep it from thee now:--
My name is Tell.

_Ges._ Tell!--William Tell?

_Tell._ The same.

_Ges._ What! he so famed ’bove all his countrymen
For guiding o’er the stormy lake the boat?
And such a master of his bow, ’tis said
His arrows never miss!--Indeed--I’ll take
Exquisite vengeance!--Mark! I’ll spare thy life--
Thy boy’s too!--both of you are free--on one
Condition.

_Tell._ Name it.

_Ges._ I would see you make
A trial of your skill with that same bow
You shoot so well with.

_Tell._ Name the trial you
Would have me make.

_Ges._ You look upon your boy
As though instinctively you guessed it.

_Tell._ Look upon my boy! What mean you? Look upon
My boy as though I guessed it!--Guessed the trial
You’d have me make!--Guessed it
Instinctively! you do not mean--no--no--
You would not have me make a trial of
My skill upon my child!--Impossible!
I do not guess your meaning.

_Ges._ I would see
Thee hit an apple at the distance of
A hundred paces.

_Tell._ Is my boy to hold it?

_Ges._ No.

_Tell._ No!--I’ll send the arrow through the core!

_Ges._ It is to rest upon his head.

_Tell._ Great Heaven, you hear him!

_Ges._ Thou dost hear the choice I give--
Such trial of the skill thou art master of,
Or death to both of you; not otherwise
To be escaped.

_Tell._ O monster!

_Ges._ Wilt thou do it?

_Albert._ He will! he will!

_Tell._ Ferocious monster!--Make
A father murder his own child.

_Ges._ Take off
His chains, if he consent.

_Tell._ With his own hand!

_Ges._ Does he consent?

_Alb._ He does. [_Gesler signs to his officers, who proceed
to take off Tell’s chains. Tell all the time unconscious
what they do._]

_Tell._ With his own hand!
Murder his child with his own hand--This hand!
The hand I’ve led him, when an infant, by!
’Tis beyond horror--’tis most horrible.
Amazement! [_His chains fall off._] What’s that you’ve done to me.
Villains! put on my chains again. My hands
Are free from blood, and have no gust for it,
That they should drink my child’s! Here! here! I’ll not
Murder my boy for Gesler.

_Alb._ Father--father!
You will not hit me, father!--

_Tell._ Hit thee!--Send
The arrow through thy brain--or, missing that,
Shoot out an eye--or, if thine eye escape,
Mangle the cheek I’ve seen thy mother’s lips
Cover with kisses!--Hit thee--hit a hair
Of thee, and cleave thy mother’s heart--

_Ges._ Dost thou consent?

_Tell._ Give me my bow and quiver.

_Ges._ For what?

_Tell._ To shoot my boy!

_Alb._ No, father--no!
To save me!--You’ll be sure to hit the apple--
Will you not save me, father?

_Tell._ Lead me forth--
I’ll make the trial!

_Alb._ Thank you!

_Tell._ Thank me! Do
You know for what?--I will not make the trial,
To take him to his mother in my arms,
And lay him down a corpse before her!

_Ges._ Then he dies this moment--and you certainly
Do murder him whose life you have a chance
To save, and will not use it.

_Tell._ Well--I’ll do it: I’ll make the trial.

_Alb._ Father--

_Tell._ Speak not to me:
Let me not hear thy voice--Thou must be dumb;
And so should all things be--Earth should be dumb
And Heaven--unless its thunders muttered at
The deed, and sent a bolt to stop it! Give me
My bow and quiver!--

_Ges._ When all’s ready.

_Tell._ Well! lead on!

SCENE II.

PERSONS.--_Enter, slowly, People in evident distress--Officers,
Sarnem, Gesler, Tell, Albert, and soldiers--one bearing Tell’s bow
and quiver, another with a basket of apples._

_Ges._ That is your ground. Now shall they measure thence
A hundred paces. Take the distance.

_Tell._ Is the line a true one?

_Ges._ True or not, what is’t to thee?

_Tell._ What is’t to me? A little thing,
A very little thing--a yard or two
Is nothing here or there--were it a wolf
I shot at! Never mind.

_Ges._ Be thankful, slave,
Our grace accords thee life on any terms.

_Tell._ I will be thankful, Gesler!--Villain, stop!
You measure to the sun!

_Ges._ And what of that?
What matter whether to or from the sun?

_Tell._ I’d have it at my back--the sun should shine
Upon the mark, and not on him that shoots.
I cannot see to shoot against the sun--
I will not shoot against the sun!

_Ges._ Give him his way! Thou hast cause to bless my mercy.

_Tell._ I shall remember it. I’d like to see
The apple I’m to shoot at.

_Ges._ Stay! show me the basket!--there--

_Tell._ You’ve picked the smallest one.

_Ges._ I know I have.

_Tell._ O! do you?--But you see
The color on’t is dark--I’d have it light,
To see it better.

_Ges._ Take it as it is:
Thy skill will be the greater if thou hit’st it.

_Tell._ True--true! I did not think of that--I wonder
I did not think of that--Give me some chance
To save my boy! [_Throws away the apple with all his force._]
I will not murder him,
If I can help it--for the honor of
The form thou wearest, if all the heart is gone.

_Ges._ Well, choose thyself.

_Tell._ Have I a friend among the lookers on?

_Verner._ [_Rushing forward._] Here, Tell!

_Tell._ I thank thee, Verner!
He is a friend runs out into a storm
To shake a hand with us. I must be brief:
When once the bow is bent, we cannot take
The shot too soon. Verner, whatever be
The issue of this hour, the common cause
Must not stand still. Let not to-morrow’s sun
Set on the tyrant’s banner! Verner! Verner!
The boy!--the boy! Thinkest thou he hath the courage
To stand it.

_Ver._ Yes.

_Tell._ How looks he?

_Ver._ Clear and smilingly:
If you doubt it--look yourself.

_Tell._ No--no--my friend:
To hear it is enough.

_Ver._ He bears himself so much above his years--

_Tell._ I know!--I know.

_Ver._ With constancy so modest!--

_Tell._ I was sure he would--

_Ver._ And looks with such relying love
And reverence upon you--

_Tell._ Man! Man! Man!
No more! Already I’m too much the father
To act the man!--Verner, no more, my friend!
I would be flint--flint--flint. Don’t make me feel
I’m not--Do not mind me!--Take the boy
And set him, Verner, with his back to me.
Set him upon his knees--and place this apple
Upon his head, so that the stem may front me,--
Thus, Verner; charge him to keep steady--tell him
I’ll hit the apple! Verner, do all this
More briefly than I tell it thee.

_Ver._ Come, Albert! [_Leading him out._]

_Alb._ May I not speak with him before I go?

_Ver._ No.

_Alb._ I would only kiss his hand.

_Ver._ You must not.

_Alb._ I must!--I cannot go from him without.

_Ver._ It is his will you should.

_Alb._ His will, is it?
I am content, then--come.

_Tell._ My boy! [_Holding out his arms to him._]

_Alb._ My father! [_Rushing into Tell’s arms._]

_Tell._ If thou canst bear it, should not I?--Go, now,
My son--and keep in mind that I can shoot--
Go, boy--be thou but steady, I will hit
The apple--Go!--God bless thee--go.--My
bow!-- [_The bow is handed to him._]

Thou wilt not fail thy master, wilt thou?--Thou
Hast never failed him yet, old servant--No,
I’m sure of thee--I know thy honesty.
Thou art stanch--stanch.--Let me see my quiver.

_Ges._ Give him a single arrow.

_Tell._ Do you shoot?

_Sol._ I do.

_Tell._ Is it so you pick an arrow, friend?
The point, you see, is bent; the feather jagged:

[_Breaks it._]

That’s all the use ’tis fit for.

_Ges._ Let him have another.

_Tell._ Why, ’tis better than the first,
But yet not good enough for such an aim
As I’m to take--’tis heavy in the shaft:
I’ll not shoot with it! [_Throws it away._] Let me see my quiver.
Bring it!--’Tis not one arrow in a dozen
I’d take to shoot with at a dove, much less
A dove like that.--

_Ges._ It matters not.
Show him the quiver.

_Tell._ See if the boy is ready.

[_Tell here hides an arrow under his vest._]

_Ver._ He is.

_Tell._ I’m ready, too! Keep silent for
Heaven’s sake and do not stir--and let me have
Your prayers--your prayers--and be my witnesses
That if his life’s in peril from my hand,
’Tis only for the chance of saving it. [_To the people._]

_Ges._ Go on.

_Tell._ I will.
O friends, for mercy sake, keep motionless
And silent.

[_Tell shoots--a shout of exultation bursts from the crowd--Tell’s
head drops on his bosom; he with difficulty supports himself upon
his bow._]

_Ver._ [_Rushing in with Albert._] The boy is safe,--no hair
of him is touched.

_Alb._ Father, I’m safe!--your Albert’s safe, dear father,--
Speak to me! Speak to me!

_Ver._ He cannot, boy!

_Alb._ You grant him life?

_Ges._ I do.

_Alb._ And we are free?

_Ges._ You are. [_Crossing angrily behind._]

_Alb._ Thank Heaven!--thank Heaven!

_Ver._ Open his vest,
And give him air.

[_Albert opens his father’s vest, and the arrow drops. Tell starts,
fixes his eye upon Albert, and clasps him to his breast._]

_Tell._ My boy!--My boy!

_Ges._ For what
Hid you that arrow in your breast?--Speak, slave!

_Tell._ To kill thee, tyrant, had I slain my boy!

ADDRESS TO THE SURVIVORS OF THE BATTLE OF BUNKER HILL.

DANIEL WEBSTER.

DANIEL WEBSTER, one of the greatest of American statesmen, was born
at Salisbury, N. H., in 1782.

His father, Ebenezer Webster, was a farmer and Justice of the
County Court. He had been an officer in the Revolutionary war.

Daniel received his early instruction from his mother, a woman of
rare intellectual powers, and from the country school which he
attended during the winters.

Although he became a distinguished orator, he failed utterly in
public speaking at school. He afterwards said: “There was one thing
I could not do; I could not make a declamation. I could not speak
before the school.”

Daniel showed so great ability as a student that the family decided
he must attend college, although this step called for additional
hardship and sacrifice on the part of those at home. He studied
under the direction of a clergyman in a neighboring town, spent one
year at Phillips Exeter Academy, and entered Dartmouth College when
he was fifteen years old. During his vacations he taught school to
pay his expenses. He also assisted his brother Ezekiel in obtaining
his education.

He finished his course at college with credit, and then studied law
in Boston. He began his practice in Boscawen, a country town near
his home; but after the death of his father he removed to
Portsmouth, and was soon regarded as the leading man in his
profession.

After a time he removed to Boston, where he became known as one of
the ablest lawyers of his time.

Webster was elected to Congress from Boston, and took his seat in
December, 1823, and continued to serve in that position till he was
elected to the Senate, in which body he took his seat on the 4th of
March, 1827.

The awkward village lad who could not declaim in the district
school now ranked among the most eloquent orators of the country.

On the anniversary of the landing of the Pilgrim Fathers, Webster
delivered a stirring oration, which made him famous throughout the
country; and at the laying of the corner stone of the Bunker Hill
Monument he delivered an address which has not been equaled in this
century. From that time Daniel Webster was sought after for every
public occasion. He twice held the office of Secretary of State. He
resigned the latter office on account of failing health during the
summer of 1852, and retired to his country seat at Marshfield,
Mass., where he died in the following October.

YOU have come down to us from a former generation. Heaven has bounteously lengthened out your lives that you might behold this joyous day. You are now where you stood fifty years ago this very hour, with your brothers and your neighbors, shoulder to shoulder in the strife of your country. Behold how altered! The same heavens are indeed over your heads; the same ocean rolls at your feet; but all else, how changed! You hear now no roar of hostile cannon; you see no mixed volumes of smoke and flame rising from burning Charlestown. The ground strewed with the dead and the dying; the impetuous charge; the steady and successful repulse; the loud call to repeated assault; the summoning of all that is manly to repeated resistance; a thousand bosoms freely and fearlessly bared in an instant to whatever of terror there may be in war and death,--all these you have witnessed, but you witness them no more. All is peace. The heights of yonder metropolis, its towers and roofs, which you then saw filled with wives and children and countrymen in distress and terror, and looking with unutterable emotions for the issue of the combat, have presented you to-day with the sight of its whole happy population, come out to welcome and greet you with a universal jubilee. Yonder proud ships, by a felicity of position appropriately lying at the foot of this mount, and seeming fondly to cling around it, are not means of annoyance to you, but your country’s own means of distinction and defense. All is peace; and God has granted you this sight of your country’s happiness ere you slumber in the grave forever. He has allowed you to behold and to partake the reward of your patriotic toils, and he has allowed us, your sons and countrymen, to meet you here, and, in the name of the present generation, in the name of your country, in the name of liberty, to thank you.

But, alas! you are not all here. Time and the sword have thinned your ranks. Prescott, Putnam, Stark, Brooks, Read, Pomeroy, Bridge! our eyes seek for you in vain amidst this broken band. You are gathered to your fathers and live only to your country in her grateful remembrance and your own bright example. But let us not too much grieve that you have met the common fate of men. You lived at least long enough to know that your work, had been nobly and successfully accomplished. You lived to see your country’s independence established and to sheathe your swords from war. On the light of liberty you saw arise the light of peace, like

another morn,
Risen on mid-noon,--

and the sky on which you closed your eyes was cloudless.

Veterans of half a century! when, in your youthful days, you put everything at hazard in your country’s cause, good as that cause was, and sanguine as youth is, still your fondest hopes did not stretch onward to an hour like this. At a period to which you could not reasonably hope to arrive, at a moment of national prosperity such as you could never have foreseen, you are now met here to enjoy the fellowship of old soldiers, and to receive the overflowings of a universal gratitude.

But your agitated countenances and your heaving breasts inform me that even this is not an unmixed joy. I perceive that a tumult of contending feelings rushes upon you. The images of the dead, as well as the persons of the living, throng to your embraces. The scene overwhelms you, and I turn from it. May the Father of all mercies smile upon your declining years and bless them! and when you shall here have exchanged your embraces, when you shall once more have pressed the hands which have been so often extended to give succor in adversity or grasped in the exultation of victory, then look abroad into this lovely land, which your young valor defended, and mark the happiness with which it is filled; yea, look abroad into the whole earth, and see what a name you have contributed to give to your country, and what a praise you have added to freedom, and then rejoice in the sympathy and gratitude which beam upon your last days from the improved condition of mankind.

THE AMERICAN UNION.

DANIEL WEBSTER.

I HAVE not allowed myself, sir, to look beyond the Union, to see what might lie hidden in the dark recess behind. Nor could I regard him as a safe counsellor in the affairs of this government whose thoughts should be mainly bent on considering, not how the Union may v be best preserved, but how tolerable might be the condition of the people when it shall be broken up and destroyed. While the Union lasts, we have high, exciting, gratifying prospects spread out before us, for us and our children. Beyond that I seek not to penetrate the veil. God grant that, in my day at least, that curtain may not rise! God grant that on my vision never may be opened what lies behind! When my eyes shall be turned to behold for the last time the sun in heaven, may they not see him shining on the broken and dishonored fragments of a once glorious Union; on States dissevered, discordant, belligerent; on a land rent with civil feuds, or drenched, it may be, in fraternal blood. Let their last feeble and lingering glance rather behold the gorgeous ensign of the republic, now known and honored throughout the earth, still full high advanced; its arms and trophies streaming in all their original luster, not a stripe erased or polluted, not a single star obscured; bearing for its motto no such miserable interrogatory as “What is all this worth?” nor those other words of delusion and folly, of “Liberty first, and Union afterwards”; but everywhere, spread all over in characters of living light, and blazing on all its ample folds, as they float over the sea and over the land, and in every wind under the whole heavens, that other sentiment dear to every true American heart--“Liberty AND Union--now and forever--one and inseparable!”

RECESSIONAL.

_A Victorian Ode._

RUDYARD KIPLING.

RUDYARD KIPLING was born in Bombay, India, in 1865.

His father and mother used to meet beside Lake Rudyard, and gave
its name to their son. John Lockwood Kipling, the father, was at
the head of the Lahore School of Art, and has illustrated a recent
edition of his son’s works.

On reaching the school age, young Kipling was sent to England to be
educated, as was the custom among the English residents of India.
He was educated in the United Services College, returning home at
the age of eighteen.

It was his ambition to become a writer and he secured employment on
the “Civil and Military Gazette.” His work here familiarized him
with the life in the garrisons, which he afterwards turned to good
account in his ballads and short stories.

He was twenty-one years old when he became assistant editor of the
“Lahore Journal.” It was a strange newspaper office, judging by
accounts which he has given us of it. There were native
type-setters and a queer Mohammedan foreman. In a story which he
wrote, called “The Man Who Would be King,” Kipling tells how they
worked in the stifling Indian heat.

From time to time Kipling published verses and stories in the local
paper, and when these had been gathered together and sent out into
the world in the form of a book called “Plain Tales from the
Hills,” the name of the young author and poet became famous.

He then went to England and made his home in London. He wrote many
stories and poems of the old life in India, one of the best
collections of which is the “Barrack-Room Ballads.”

In London he met Walcott Balestier, of Brattleboro, Vt., and they
wrote stories together until Balestier’s death. Not long after,
Kipling married Caroline Balestier. They came to this country and
lived for a time in Vermont, where the poet surrounded himself with
everything that would remind him of the life in India.

Among other works of Kipling are “Soldiers Three,” “The Phantom
‘Rickshaw, and Other Stories,” the two Jungle Books, and “The Day’s
Work.”

At the time of Queen Victoria’s jubilee, Kipling wrote what was
perhaps his greatest poem, the “Recessional,” which was published
in “The London Times.”

GOD of our fathers, known of old--
Lord of our far-flung battle line--
Beneath whose awful hand we hold
Dominion over palm and pine--
Lord God of Hosts, be with us yet,
Lest we forget--lest we forget!

The tumult and the shouting dies--
The Captains and the Kings depart--
Still stands Thine ancient sacrifice,
An humble and a contrite heart.
Lord God of Hosts, be with us yet,
Lest we forget--lest we forget!

Far-called our navies melt away--
On dune and headland sinks the fire--
Lo, all our pomp of yesterday
Is one with Nineveh and Tyre!
Judge of the Nations, spare us yet,
Lest we forget--lest we forget!

If, drunk with sight of power, we loose
Wild tongues that have not Thee in awe--
Such boasting as the Gentiles use,
Or lesser breeds without the Law--
Lord God of Hosts, be with us yet,
Lest we forget--lest we forget!

For heathen heart that puts her trust
In reeking tube and iron shard--
All valiant dust that builds on dust,
And guarding calls not Thee to guard.
For frantic boast and foolish word,
Thy Mercy on Thy People, Lord!

Amen.

WILLIAM HICKLING PRESCOTT.

WILLIAM HICKLING PRESCOTT was born in the quaint old town of Salem, Mass., on the 4th of May, 1796. His father was a successful lawyer, and his mother was a lady of great ability who spent much time in educating and training her son. William was a bright, merry boy, who learned with ease, and was a great favorite among the boys. The first school he attended was taught by a gentle, old-fashioned lady, who was called the school mother. When he was seven years old he was sent to a more advanced school, taught by “Master Knapp,” and remained there for five years.

Though strong and large of his age, he cared more for books than he did for boyish sports. He never remembered a time when he did not love to read.

When he was twelve years old his father removed to Boston, and William was sent to the best classical school then known in New England. He had George Ticknor the historian for a classmate and friend. The two boys progressed so rapidly in Latin and Greek that they outdistanced the rest of the class and recited by themselves.

Books and reading matter were then much more rare than now; but not far from the Prescott home there had been started a library, called the Boston Athenæum. The founder, Mr. William Shaw, who also acted as librarian, was fond of bright boys and allowed a few of them to read there. William, who was one of his favorites, spent many an hour in these rooms, reading whatever pleased his fancy. He was especially fond of romances and tales of wild adventure.

His most intimate friend was a son of Dr. Gardiner, his teacher, and the boys were constantly together. They used to invent stories to tell each other on their way to and from school. Prescott’s tales were the wilder, for he had a vivid imagination and had read many books of adventure.

William’s grandfather, Colonel Prescott, had commanded the American forces at Bunker Hill, and William often listened to the story of this battle, and gazed with awe upon the sword which the colonel wore during the contest. He and young Gardiner amused themselves with fighting mock battles, dressing in some pieces of old armor which they found among the curiosities of the Athenæum, and imagining that they were Revolutionary heroes, Greeks or Romans, or knights of the olden time.

Prescott entered Harvard College at the age of fifteen, passing his examinations with credit. He wished to hold a high rank in his class, and as it was an effort for him to apply himself, he made rules devoting a certain time to each study. He was of a happy, gay disposition and enjoyed the college life; but his course was interrupted by a painful accident. He was passing out of the dining hall one day when the sound of some frolic attracted his attention and he turned his head to see what it was. At that moment one of the students threw a piece of bread, which struck him on the open eye.

The shock of the blow was so great that he fell and was taken to his home and placed in the charge of a physician. After several weeks he returned to college, but the sight of the injured eye was entirely destroyed. He was graduated with honors in spite of this affliction, and wrote a Latin poem for Commencement.

On leaving college Prescott entered his father’s law office, but continued reading Latin and Greek. After several months his sound eye became affected and there was fear of his becoming totally blind. He spent four months in a darkened room and bore his suffering bravely, always greeting the family with some word of cheer, as though they were the sufferers and it was his place to comfort them. As soon as he was able to travel he was sent to visit his grandfather Hickling, who was United States Consul at the Azores.

The passage was long and trying, and he was glad to reach land and receive the hearty welcome of his relatives. They lived in a delightful country house, in the midst of a beautiful garden, and Prescott was charmed with the tropical plants and orange groves.

He had been there but a fortnight when his eye again became affected, and he was obliged to spend three months in a darkened room. But he was so bright and patient that he won the hearts of all, and it was with sorrow that they finally saw him sail away.

After leaving the Azores, he spent several months in Europe, and then returned to America, spending the next winter at home. He was obliged to avoid the light; but his old school friend, Gardiner, read some of his favorite books to him each day, and his sister spent the greater part of her time with him, reading to him for hours.

Prescott was now twenty-two years old, and his outlook for the future was discouraging. He did not know what profession to follow, for there was no hope of his fully regaining his sight. There seemed no improvement in spite of his quiet life, and he began to go about and enjoy society.

He was married, when he was twenty-four years of age, to Miss Susan Amory, who was his devoted wife and companion. Mrs. Prescott’s grandfather had also been a commander at the Battle of Bunker Hill, and captain of a British sloop-of-war.

The swords worn by the soldier and the sailor on that day had been handed down in both families, and hung for many years in Prescott’s library, peacefully crossed above his books.

Prescott had now chosen a life of literary work, and persuaded himself that so long as his hearing was spared he would be able to succeed. He felt that he must make especial preparation in order to gain the place he desired, and began to study as if he were a schoolboy, reading the best English, Latin, French, and Italian authors.

He intended to study German, but he became interested in some lectures on Spanish literature, written by his friend Mr. Ticknor, and decided to write a history of the reign of Ferdinand and Isabella.

This was slow work, for although he learned the language, he was unable to use his eyes and depended on the reading of a man who could only pronounce the Spanish words. He finally secured a secretary and reader who understood Spanish and could copy his notes for him. His own writing was done with the aid of an instrument used by the blind, which guided his hand upon the paper.

After ten years of labor his book was published. Its success was remarkable, and it was reprinted in England, Germany, and Spain.

Mr. Prescott was then nearly forty-two years old, tall, handsome, and attractive in his manner. He led a regular life, planning his days carefully, rising at a fixed hour each morning, and taking exercise in the open air. He was a good horseman and composed some of his most stirring battle scenes as he galloped along the country roads.

He divided his time among three residences--one in the city of Boston, another at Lynn, with a view of the ocean, and a third at Pepperell, the old home of Colonel Prescott.

The success of “Ferdinand and Isabella” led the author to continue his writing, and after resting for some months, he began to prepare the “History of the Conquest of Mexico,” which was published six years after his first history. This work was greeted with applause throughout the country. Four years later he wrote the “History of the Conquest of Peru.” He next undertook the “History of Philip the Second,” but it was never finished.

In spite of his loss of sight, Prescott gained the first place among our historians. He visited London in 1850, and received a most cordial welcome and many attentions. On his return his health failed and he spent less time in writing. His family were always very dear to him, and he delighted in gathering his children and grandchildren about him in the old homestead at Pepperell. Mr. Prescott died in 1859.

STORMING THE FORTRESS.

WILLIAM HICKLING PRESCOTT.

THE cheering words and courageous bearing of the cavaliers went to the hearts of their followers. All now agreed to stand by their leader to the last. But, if they would remain longer in their present position, it was absolutely necessary to dislodge the enemy from the fortress; and, before venturing on this dangerous service, Hernando Pizarro resolved to strike such a blow as should intimidate the besiegers from further attempts to molest his present quarters.

He communicated his plan of attack to his officers and formed his little troop into three divisions. The Indian pioneers were sent forward to clear away the rubbish, and the several divisions moved up the principal avenues towards the camp of the besiegers; and the three bodies, bursting impetuously on the disordered lines of the Peruvians, took them completely by surprise. For some moments there was little resistance, and the slaughter was terrible. But the Indians gradually rallied, and, coming into something like order, returned to the fight with the courage of men who had long been familiar with danger. They fought hand to hand with their copper-headed war clubs and poleaxes, while a storm of darts, stones, and arrows rained on the well-defended bodies of the Christians.

The barbarians showed more discipline than was to have been expected; for which it is said they were indebted to some Spanish prisoners, from several of whom the Inca, having generously spared their lives, took occasional lessons in the art of war. The Peruvians had also learned to manage with some degree of skill the weapons of their conquerors; and they were seen armed with bucklers, helmets, and swords of European workmanship, and even in a few instances mounted on the horses which they had taken from the white men. The young Inca in particular, accoutered in the European fashion, rode a war horse which he managed with considerable address, and, with a long lance in his hand, led on his followers to the attack.

After a gallant struggle, in which the natives threw themselves fearlessly on the horsemen, endeavoring to tear them from their saddles, they were obliged to give way before the repeated shock of their charges. Many were trampled under foot, others cut down by the Spanish broadswords, while the arquebusiers, supporting the cavalry, kept up a running fire that did terrible execution on the flanks and rear of the fugitives. At length, trusting that the chastisement he had inflicted on the enemy would secure him from further annoyance for the present, the Castilian general drew back his forces to their quarters in the capital.

His next step was the recovery of the citadel. It was an enterprise of danger. The fortress, which overlooked the northern section of the city, stood high on a rocky eminence, where it was defended only by a single wall. Towards the open country it was more easy of approach; but there it was protected by two semicircular walls, each about twelve hundred feet in length and of great thickness. Within the interior wall was the fortress, consisting of three strong towers, one of great height, which, with a smaller one, was now held by the enemy, under the command of an Inca noble, a warrior of well-tried valor, prepared to defend it to the last.

As the fortress was to be approached through the mountain passes, it became necessary to divert the enemy’s attention to another quarter. A little while before sunset Juan Pizarro left the city with a picked corps of horsemen, and took a direction opposite to that of the fortress, that the besieging army might suppose the object was a foraging expedition. But, secretly countermarching in the night, he fortunately found the passes undefended and arrived before the outer wall of the fortress without giving the alarm to the garrison.

The entrance was through a narrow opening in the center of the rampart; but this was now closed up with heavy stones that seemed to form one solid work with the rest of the masonry. It was an affair of time to dislodge these huge masses in such a manner as not to rouse the garrison. The Indian natives, who rarely attacked in the night, were not sufficiently acquainted with the art of war even to provide against surprise by posting sentinels. When the task was accomplished, Juan Pizarro and his gallant troop rode through the gateway and advanced towards the second parapet.

But their movements had not been conducted so secretly as to escape notice, and they now found the interior court swarming with warriors, who, as the Spaniards drew near, let off clouds of missiles that compelled them to come to a halt. Juan Pizarro, aware that no time was to be lost, ordered one-half of his corps to dismount, and, putting himself at their head, prepared to make a breach as before in the fortifications. Leading on his men, he encouraged them in the work of demolition in the face of such a storm of stones, javelins, and arrows as might have made the stoutest heart shrink from encountering it. The good mail of the Spaniards did not always protect them; but others took the place of such as fell, until a breach was made, and the cavalry, pouring in, rode down all who opposed them.

The parapet was now abandoned, and the Indians, hurrying with disorderly flight across the enclosure, took refuge on a kind of platform or terrace, commanded by the principal tower. Here, rallying, they shot off fresh volleys of missiles against the Spaniards, while the garrison in the fortress hurled down fragments of rock and timber on their heads. Juan Pizarro, still among the foremost, sprang forward on the terrace, cheering on his men by his voice and example; but at this moment he was struck by a large stone on the head, not then protected by his buckler, and was stretched on the ground. The dauntless chief still continued to animate his followers by his voice till the terrace was carried and its miserable defenders were put to the sword. His sufferings were then too much for him, and he was removed to the town below, where, notwithstanding every exertion to save him, he survived the injury but a fortnight. He had served in the conquest of Peru from the first, and no name on the roll of its conquerors is less tarnished by the reproach of cruelty or stands higher in all the attributes of a true and valiant knight.

Though deeply sensible to his brother’s disaster, Hernando Pizarro saw that no time was to be lost in profiting by the advantages already gained. Committing the charge of the town to Gonzalo, he put himself at the head of the assailants and laid vigorous siege to the fortresses. One surrendered after a short resistance. The other and more formidable of the two still held out under the brave Inca noble who commanded it. He was a man of an athletic frame, and might be seen striding along the battlements, armed with a Spanish buckler and cuirass, and in his hand wielding a formidable mace, garnished with points or knobs of copper. With this terrible weapon he struck down all who attempted to force a passage into the fortress. Some of his own followers who proposed a surrender he is said to have slain with his own hand. Ladders were planted against the walls; but no sooner did a Spaniard gain the topmost round than he was hurled to the ground by the strong arm of the Indian warrior. His activity was equal to his strength; and he seemed to be at every point the moment that his presence was needed.

The Spanish commander was filled with admiration at this display of valor; for he could admire valor even in an enemy. He gave orders that the chief should not be injured, but be taken alive, if possible. This was not easy. At length, numerous ladders having been planted against the tower, the Spaniards scaled it on several quarters at the same time, and, leaping into the place, overpowered the few combatants who still made a show of resistance. But the Inca chieftain was not to be taken; and, finding further resistance ineffectual, he sprang to the edge of the battlements, and casting away his war club, wrapped his mantle around him and threw himself headlong from the summit. He died like an ancient Roman. He had struck his last stroke for the freedom of his country, and he scorned to survive her dishonor. The Castilian commander left a small force in garrison to secure his conquest, and returned in triumph to his quarters.

_From “History of the Conquest of Peru.”_

A COUNTRY SUNDAY.

Joseph Addison.

JOSEPH ADDISON was born in England in 1672. His father was a
clergyman, well educated and of strong character. He was devoted to
his family, and their home life was delightful.

Joseph first attended the schools in the neighborhood, and was then
sent to the Charterhouse, which was one of the best-known schools
in England.

He entered Oxford when he was fifteen years old, and was looked
upon as a promising scholar. After two years at this college a copy
of some Latin verses written by him fell into the hands of Dr.
Lancaster, a man of influence, and he was elected to a scholarship
in Magdalen College.

His life there was quiet; he studied late at night, and went on
long, solitary walks. He continued to write Latin verses, and
became so familiar with the Latin writers that he could recite many
of their poems. Every little touch of beauty was appreciated by him
and filled him with delight.

From his twenty-first to his thirty-second year Addison spent his
time in study, writing, and thought.

He spent several years in traveling about France and Italy. While
in Paris he lived at the house of the ambassador, where he met the
most brilliant society; and in Italy he studied the great works of
art. These views of life, added to his natural grace and love of
refinement, made him a master of literary style and expression. On
his return from his travels he held several offices for the
government, and later became a member of Parliament.

Richard Steele, an old schoolfellow and writer of some note,
started some periodicals--“The Tatler,” followed by “The
Spectator,” and later by “The Guardian.” Addison became interested
in these publications and wrote a large number of essays for
them--among them the “Sir Roger de Coverley Papers.” His characters
were taken from life and he describes the manners and customs of
the time in language which is cited by all critics as a model of
pure English. He also wrote several dramas and poems.

Addison led a happy life. His position under the government brought
him a good income. He was looked upon as one of the foremost
writers of the day. He loved truth, purity, and kindness, and his
works are models of grace and beauty.

He died in 1719, and was buried in the Poets’ Corner at Westminster
Abbey.

I AM always very well pleased with a country Sunday, and think if keeping holy the seventh day were only a human institution, it would be the best method that could have been thought of for the polishing and civilizing of mankind. It is certain the country people would soon degenerate into a kind of savages and barbarians, were there not such frequent returns of a stated time, in which the whole village meet together with their best faces, and in their cleanliest habits, to converse with one another upon indifferent subjects, hear their duties explained to them, and join together in adoration of the Supreme Being.

* * * * *

My friend, Sir Roger, being a good churchman, has beautified the inside of his church with several texts of his own choosing. He has likewise given a handsome pulpit cloth, and railed in the communion table at his own expense.

He has often told me that at his coming to his estate, he found his parishioners very irregular; and that in order to make them kneel and join in the responses, he gave every one of them a hassock and a Common Prayer Book; and, at the same time, employed an itinerant singing-master, who goes about the country for that purpose, to instruct them rightly in the tunes of the Psalms, upon which they now very much value themselves, and indeed outdo most of the country churches that I have ever heard.

As Sir Roger is landlord to the whole congregation, he keeps them in very good order, and will suffer nobody to sleep in it besides himself; for, if by chance he has been surprised into a short nap at sermon, upon recovering out of it he stands up and looks about him, and, if he sees anybody else nodding, either wakes them himself, or sends his servants to them. Several other of the old knight’s particularities break out upon these occasions. Sometimes he will be lengthening out a verse in the singing Psalms, half a minute after the rest of the congregation have done with it; sometimes when he is pleased with the matter of his devotion, he pronounces “Amen” three or four times to the same prayer; and sometimes stands up when everybody else is upon their knees, to count the congregation, or see if any of his tenants are missing. I was yesterday very much surprised to hear my old friend, in the midst of the service, calling out to one John Matthews to mind what he was about, and not disturb the congregation. This John Matthews, it seems, is remarkable for being an idle fellow, and at that time was kicking his heels for his diversion.

This authority of the knight, though exerted in that odd manner which accompanies him in all circumstances of life, has a very good effect upon the parish, who are not polite enough to see anything ridiculous in his behavior; besides that, the general good sense and worthiness of his character make his friends observe these little singularities as foils that rather set off than blemish his good qualities.