Chapter VII: Mercury, the Moon, and Venus 228

Fissures on Mercury. Lowell’s drawing. Centres of collapse.
Absence of atmosphere. The climate on the Moon. W.
Pickering’s belief in frost formations on the Moon. The
mountains on the Moon. Volcanoes. Circular elevated rings.
“Seas” on the Moon. The Crater “Linné.” “Sinuses” and
“Streaks” on the Moon. The light matter of the streaks
probably lava-scum. The colour of the Moon and of the
Earth. Comparison between the Moon and Mars. Changes on
the Moon. “Snow” and “Vegetation” on the Moon according to
W. Pickering. The fate of Mars and of the Earth. Falling
meteoric dust. The climate on Venus. Swamps like those of
the carboniferous age. Abundant vegetation. Low organisms.
“Culture” on Venus will proceed from the poles. The future
of Venus. The claims of astrology in modern light. Tycho
Brahe. The dreams of Giordano Bruno probably true.

ILLUSTRATIONS

PAGE
FIG. 1.--THE MILKY WAY 46
Photo by Easton.

FIG. 2.--PLANETARY NEBULA NO. 7009, NEW GENERAL CATALOGUE 52

FIG. 3.--NEBULA NO. 4594, NEW GENERAL CATALOGUE 66

FIG. 4.--NEBULA NO. 101 IN MESSIER’S CATALOGUE 70

FIG. 5.--NEBULA NO. 51 IN MESSIER’S CATALOGUE 71

FIG. 6.--MILKY WAY BETWEEN CASSIOPEIA AND SWAN 76
According to Wolf.

FIG. 7.--MILKY WAY IN EAGLE AND SAGITTARIUS 76
According to Wolf.

FIG. 8.--THE “TRIFID” HOLE IN EAGLE 77
According to Wolf.

FIG. 9.--TARIM RIVER WITH LAKES AND BAYIRS 96
According to Sven Hedin.

FIG. 10.--THE FORMER LAKE BONNEVILLE IN UTAH 106

FIG. 11.--JUPITER, 1909 122
According to F. le Coultre.

FIG. 12.--SATURN, 1909 123
According to F. le Coultre.

FIG. 13.--SPECTRA OF THE MAJOR PLANETS 124
According to V. M. Slipher.

FIG. 14.--VENUS OBSERVED BY LANGLEY IN 1882 136

FIG. 15.--ROCK FISSURE AT HANGO, SWEDEN 204
Photo by I. I. Sederholm.

FIG. 16.--EARTHQUAKE CENTERS IN CALABRIA 205
According to I. I. Sederholm.

FIG. 17.--MAPS OF MARS BY SCHIAPARELLI AND ANTONIADI _At the end_

FIG. 17a.--MAPS OF MARS BY SCHIAPARELLI AND ANTONIADI _At the end_

FIG. 18.--PHOTO OF MARS BY LAMPLAND 210

FIG. 19.--MARS ON APRIL 8, 1909 210
According to Quenisset.

FIG. 20.--THE SOUTH POLE SPOT ON MARS, 1909 210
According to Jarry Desloges.

FIG. 21.--SANDSTORM ON MARS, 1909 210
According to Antoniadi.

FIG. 22.--CLOUD ON EDGE OF MARS, THE 7TH OF MARCH, 1901 216
According to Molesworth.

FIG. 23.--MARS, JULY 11, 1907 216
According to Lowell.

FIG. 24.--MARS, OCTOBER 6, 1909 216
According to Antoniadi.

FIG. 25.--MERCURY 230
According to Lowell.

FIG. 26.--THE MOON NEAR THE CRATER TYCHO 230
Photo from Yerkes Observatory.

FIG. 27.--MARE SERENITATIS AND MARE TRANQUILLITATIS 231
Photo from Yerkes Observatory.

FIG. 28.--THE MOON NEAR ITS SOUTH POLE 240
Photo from Yerkes Observatory.

FIG. 29.--THE LUNAR CRATER COPERNICUS AND VICINITY 242
Photo from Yerkes Observatory.

The Destinies of the Stars