Chapter II: Section VII: Copying and Reducing

Drawing from Copy 127
Copying by Tracing 128
Copying by Transfer 129
Reducing and Enlarging 130
The Pantograph 131
The Eidograph 136
Drawings for Lithographers and Engravers 141

TRIGONOMETRICAL FORMULÆ 142

INCLINED MEASURE 143

CURVATURE AND REFRACTION 143

INDEX 144

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS.

--------------------------------------+-------------+---------------
| Page. | Plate.
+-------------+---------------
ALPHABETS, examples of | .. | 4, 5, 6
Angle, to bisect | 16 | ..
Angles, to construct | 16, 17 | ..
Arch, equilateral | 23 | ..
----, horse-shoe | 24 | ..
----, lancet | 24 | ..
----, obtuse | 24 | ..
----, ogee | 25 | ..
----, semi-elliptical | 23 | ..
----, Tudor | 24 | ..
Architectural drawings, colouring of. | .. | 24
| |
BORDERS | .. | 1, 3, 8, 9, 13
Boundaries, parish, &c. | .. | 3, 15
| |
CANAL LOCKS | .. | 1, 11
Chart, example of | .. | 18
Cinquefoil, Gothic | 26 | ..
Circle, to describe through | 17 | ..
given points. | |
----, to find the centre of | 18 | ..
Cliffs | .. | 1, 11, 14
Colouring architectural drawings. | .. | 24
---- maps and plans | .. | 1, 3, 13,
| | 17, 28, 33
---- mechanical drawings | .. | 22, 23, 27
Copse | .. | 1, 10
Corners | .. | 1, 3, 8, 9, 13
Cylinders shaded | 51, 52 | ..
Cyma recta | 25 | ..
---- reversa | 25 | ..
| |
DOCKS | .. | 1, 11
Drawings, architectural, colouring of.| .. | 24
----, isometrical | .. | 27
----, mechanical, colouring of. | .. | 22, 23, 27
| |
EIDOGRAPH | .. | 26
Ellipse, to draw | 22 | ..
Equilateral triangle, to construct. | 16 | ..
| |
FLOURISHES | .. | 25
Fortifications, plans | .. | 32
----, sections | .. | 31
| |
GEOLOGICAL MAPS | .. | 28
---- sections, coloured | .. | 20, 21
Grass | 34 | 1, 17
Gravel | 35 | 1
| |
HARBOURS | .. | 11
Hexagon, to describe | 21 | ..
Hill shading | 53, 55, 56, | ..
| 58, 61, 62, |
| 63 |
Hills | .. | 1, 12, 14, 17
---- in colour | .. | 12, 14
| |
ISOMETRICAL DRAWINGS | .. | 27
| |
LAKES | .. | 1, 3, 11, 17
Land, cultivated | 32 | 1, 13
----, uncultivated | 37 | ..
Lettering, examples of | .. | 4, 5, 6, 7, 8,
| | 25
Line, to divide into equal parts. | 15 | ..
Lines, broken | 30 | ..
----, contour | 37 | ..
----, dotted | 31 | ..
----, section | 29 | ..
----, shade | 49 | ..
----, to bisect | 15 | ..
| |
MAPS, geological | .. | 28
----, Ordnance, example of. | .. | 18
---- and plans, colouring of. | .. | 1, 3, 13,
| | 17, 28, 33
Marsh | 35 | 1, 10, 11
Mechanical drawings, colouring of. | .. | 22, 23, 27
Mining plans | .. | 33
| |
NORTH POINTS | .. | 9
| |
OVAL, to construct | 18 | ..
| |
PANTOGRAPH | .. | 26
Parabola, to draw | 21 | ..
Pentagon, to describe | 20 | ..
Perpendicular, to erect | 15 | ..
Plans, estate | .. | 3, 17
----, fortifications | .. | 32
----, mining | .. | 33
----, office | .. | 2
----, parliamentary | .. | 13, 19
----, reducing or enlarging | .. | 26
----, town improvements | .. | 13
---- and maps, colouring of. | .. | 1, 3, 13, 17,
| | 28, 33
Plotting, examples of | 82, 85, 86, | ..
| 88, 93 |
| |
QUARRIES | .. | 1
Quatrefoil, Gothic | 26 | ..
| |
RADII OF CIRCLE, to draw | 18 | ..
Railways | .. | 1, 3
Rectangles, similar, to construct | 20 | ..
Rivers | .. | 1, 11, 12, 17
----, outlines of | 30 | ..
Roads | .. | 1, 3, 12, 17
Rocks | .. | 1, 11
Roofs | 30 | ..
| |
SAND | 35 | 1
---- banks | .. | 1, 11
Scales | 71, 75, 76 | 2, 3, 8, 9, 13
Section plotting, example of | 93 | ..
Sections, fortifications | .. | 31
----, parliamentary | .. | 19, 21
---- of strata, examples of colouring.| .. | 20, 21
Shade, scales of, for hills | 53, 58 | ..
Signs, various, used in Indian and | .. | 29, 30
Colonial maps. | |
----, ----, used in maps, plans, &c. | .. | 15, 16
----, ----, used in military maps and | .. | 31, 32
fortifications. | |
Soundings | .. | 11, 18
Square, to construct | 19 | ..
----, multiple of, to construct. | 19 | ..
Squares, proportional, to construct. | 19, 20 | ..
Swamps and marshy ground. | 35 | 1, 10
| |
TANGENT, to draw | 18 | ..
Titles, examples of | .. | 3, 7, 8
Towns | .. | 1, 3, 11, 13
Traverse plotting, example of. | 85, 86, 88 | ..
Trees | 36 | 1, 3, 10, 13,
| | 17
Trefoil, Gothic | 25 | ..
Triangles, to construct | 16, 17 | ..
| |
VILLAGES | .. | 1
| |
WATER, flowing | 33 | 11
----, standing | 29 | 1, 11
---- in section | 30 | ..
Wood-graining | 32 | ..
Wood in section | 32 | ..
Woods | 36 | 1, 3, 10, 17
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PLAN AND MAP DRAWING.