Chapter XXV: Appendix: II

THE ARCHITECTS OF COLESHILL, BERKSHIRE

Further interesting information regarding Sir Roger Pratt’s connection with Coleshill has been supplied by the kindness of Mr. Pratt of Ryston, and the Hon. Mrs. Pleydell Bouverie of Coleshill. It is derived in part from Sir Roger Pratt’s note-books, and in part from a diary of Sir Mark Pleydell (1692–1768), preserved in the muniment room at Coleshill.

The estate of Coleshill was bought from the Pleydells by Sir Henry Pratt, a grandson through a junior branch of William Pratt, who was Lord of the Manor of Ryston in 1628. Sir Roger Pratt was great-grandson of the same William through the senior branch. The estate returned to the family of Pleydell in 1699, by the marriage of a Pleydell with the heiress of the Pratts of Coleshill.

Sir Henry Pratt died on 6th April 1647, and the old house at Coleshill which he had bought was burnt down later in the same year, shortly after the marriage of his son, Sir George. The present house was begun in 1650, according to the tablet still preserved therein. Of this Sir Mark Pleydell says in his diary that Sir Roger Pratt of Ryston in Norfolk, knight, cousin to Sir George, was the architect in friendship to him. He also observes that “Mr. Mildmay apprehended it was built by Inigo Jones, and Lord Barrington says it was built by one Webb, a disciple of the said Inigo.”

In the same diary it is stated that before the existing house was commenced Sir George Pratt began to build a new seat in “the present cucumber garden,” which he raised to one story, when Pratt and Jones arriving, caused it to be pulled down and rebuilt where it now stands. Sir Mark adds that Pratt and Jones were frequently here, and Jones was also consulted about the ceilings. “John Buffin, who often saw them both, frequently declared this to Wm. Pepal, who came to Coleshill in 1700, and carried him to the spot in ye cucumber garden. We found ye remains of ye walls in ye cucumber garden ye 10th February 1746.”

It is interesting to find that Jones, Webb, and Pratt were all concerned in the design, and it is tolerably clear that Pratt had a large hand in the matter, not only from Sir Mark Pleydell’s express intimation, but also from Sir Roger Pratt’s own note-books. It will be remembered that Jones died in 1652, but the house was not finished until some years afterwards, probably in 1664. Roger Pratt has entries in his note-books that in December 1656 he gave Sir George Pratt’s man a tip of two shillings, in April 1659 he gave to six maids and two boys of Sir George two guineas, and in January 1662 he gave a dinner to Sir George and his lady at a cost of £5. 9s. Such hospitality may presumably be attributed partly to the ties of consanguinity, and partly to those of architect and client.

Sir Roger Pratt has notes relating to Coleshill under the year 1664, which, in addition to those concerning the ceilings mentioned in Appendix I. deal with the proportion of the windows. These, he says, seemed somewhat narrow, either because not sufficiently splayed on the sides, or because the wooden frame and the iron one took so much from the glass. The windows were at that time iron casements, not sashes as they are now; and they were all alike in this respect, including the dormers in the garrets and the turret. One remark is rather puzzling in which he speaks of the heads of the windows of the dining-room being 5 ft. below the ceilings, for the vertical distance between the windows of the ground and upper floors is only about 7 ft. from glass to glass.

The testimony that the windows were casements and not sashes is interesting, so too is the detailed description of the casements and of the devices to exclude the weather. The window-bars were ¼ in. thick and ½ in. broad; the casements ¼ in. thick and 2 in. broad. They were hanged upon three strong hooks, the opening-rod being ½ in. thick with five rings to hold it; there was an iron plate with a pin let into the wood to hold the hook of the rod. A little piece of iron was put over the rebate of the casements to keep out the wind, and a little border of lead was nailed close to the casements on the bottom and sides, as well as a strip over the heads outside. Further there was another border inside to prevent the rain, which beat up under the casements, from flowing down upon the baseboard.

Let us hope these precautions were adequate, and that it was not necessary to lay out another £5 on a dinner to placate Sir George and his lady, and to drown the memory of reproaches urged with cousinly freedom.

INDEX TO ILLUSTRATIONS AND TEXT

_Note._--The ordinary figures denote references to pages of
text; the illustrations, _which are referred to by their
figure numbers_, are denoted by the heavier type.

Acton, iron gate at, =269=

Adam, the brothers, 19, 21, 280, 381, 387

Adam, Robert, 280–85, 387–389

„ design for chimney-piece, =305=

„ illustrations of his work, =193=, =194=, =195=, =196=,
=197=, =198=, =315=, =316=, =317=, =318=, =319=

Addison, 3

Adelphi, The, 285

“Advice to Servants,” by Dean Swift, 115

Age of Romance, 23

Albemarle, Duke of, 180

„ House, 180, =118=

Allen, Ralph, 263–66

All Souls, Oxford, 143, 154, 176

„ drawings by Wren at, =99=, =100=, =101=, =102=,
=103=

Amelia, Princess, 231

Anne, Queen, 2

„ the mansion of her time, 5

“Arching galleries”, 171

Architect; the term seldom occurs prior to the seventeenth
century, 25

Architectural design, change in, 25

Artari, 255

“Art of Dialling”, 319

Art, utilitarian, 391

Artificiality in architecture, 3

Arundel, Earl of, 2, 42, 52

„ House, =21=

Ashburnham House, Westminster, the staircase, 118, =73=, =74=

Ashburnham, William, 118

Ashdown House, Berkshire, 97, =55=

Ashmolean Museum, Oxford, staircase, 351, =277=

Aske’s Hospital, Hoxton, 180

Aston Hall, Warwickshire, 7, 8, 42, =2=

Astwell, Northamptonshire, gateway, 102, =59=

Aubrey, John, 63, 64, 65

Austen, Jane, 311

Avenues at Boughton, 200

Banqueting House, Whitehall, 6, 42, 43, 50, 52, 63, 64, 66, 67, 68,
73, 99, 162, =22=

„ „ Inigo Jones’s drawings for, 66, =36=, =37=

„ „ Smithson’s drawing, 66, =38=

„ „ Doorway, drawing by Jones, =86=

„ „ Window, drawing by Jones, =88=

Bakewell, Robert (Smith), 342

Barrow Gurney, Somerset, gateway, 329, =249=

Barry, Charles, 172

Basil, Simon, 46

Bath, Somerset, Milsom Street, 303, =211=

„ Pulteney Bridge, 267, =184=

„ Queen’s Square, Panels in house, 363, =289=

„ Ralph Allen’s house, 302, =214=

„ Royal Crescent, 268, =185=

Battle Abbey, Sussex, jamb of fireplace, =298=

Beaufort House, Chelsea, 324

Beckford, Alderman, 14

„ the younger, 17

Beckley, Sussex, Church House, 292, =202=

Bedford Square, London--
houses in, 307, =221=
chimney-piece, =318=

Belcombe, chimney-piece, =317=

Belton House, near Grantham, 157–160

„ plan, =105=

„ chapel, =96=

„ house, =104=

„ iron screen, =106=

„ carving, =107=

Bethlem Hospital, London, 180, =116=

Bignor, Sussex, chimney, =229=

Birmingham, lead rain-water head, =272=

Bishopsgate Street Without, London, ceiling, 386, =307=

Blaythwayt, William, 203

Blenheim Palace, 5, 152, 223, 224, 227, =155=

Blomfield, R., 216 (_footnote_)

Bolsover Castle, Derbyshire, 32, 33, =13=, =16=

Bond, Sir Thomas, 180

Books on Architecture, 2, 25–28, 212, 372

„ German, Dutch, and French, 28

Botolph Lane, London, house in, 185, =119=, =120=

Boughton House, Northamptonshire, 178, 196–203

„ plan, =132=

„ house, =133=, =134=

„ state room, =135=

„ bird’s-eye view, =136=

„ staircase, 352, =276=

„ panelling, 363, =286=

„ fireplace, 369, =294=

„ painted ceilings, 385, =310=, =311=

Bourdon House, London, doorway, 357, =284=

Bramham Park, Yorkshire, gardens, 232–236, =162=, =163=

Brasenose College, Oxford, 106, =63=, =64=

„ doorway, 127, =84=

Brettingham, Matthew, 276–278

Brewers’ Hall, London, 190, =125=, =126=

Bridge at Prior Park, =154=

„ at Bath, =184=

Bridport, Viscount, 387

Bristol, houses at, 307, =220=

British Museum, drawings at, 64, =19=

Broadfield Hall, Hertfordshire, 9, =3=

Brownlow, Sir John, 157

Buckingham (Villiers), Duke of, 60, 161

„ (Sheffield), Duke of, 168

„ House, London, 168, 171, 172, =113=, =113A=

„ „ staircase and ceiling, =308=

„ Street, Strand, doorway, =258=

Bulwick, Northamptonshire, date-stone, =235=

Burford, 43

„ Priory, 106, =62=

Burghley House, 385

„ Lord, 1, 212

Burley-on-the-Hill, Rutland, 176, 329, =245=

Burlington-Devonshire, drawings, 52, 64, 65 (_footnote_), 83
(_footnote_), =42=, =43=, =44=, =45=, =76=, =77=, =86–88=,
=91=, =92=, =93=, =94=, =240=, =241=

Burlington House, 216

„ Lord, 2, 63, 64, 214–216, 271

Burney, Frances, 3

Butleigh, Somerset, 84, 142

Byron, Lord, 21, 32

Cambridge, Magdalene College, Pepysian Library, 100, =56=

„ St John’s College, gate-piers, 325, =243=

„ Trinity Hall, cupola, 318, =233=

Campbell, Colin, 31, 64, 65, 66, 67, 69, 79, 80, 168, 171, 172,
176, 207, 240, 251–255

Campion, Thomas, 78

Can Court, Wiltshire, staircase, 122, =78=

Canons Ashby, Northamptonshire--
Gate-piers, 322, =238=
Gates, =239=
Ceiling, =312=

Canterbury, streets, 296

“Capability” Brown, 236

Carey Street, London, chimney-piece, =303=

Cariat (Coryat), Thomas, 44

Carlisle, Earl of, 216

Carr, of York, 271

Caryatides, 73

Castle Combe, Wiltshire, doorway, 333, =252=

Castle Howard, Yorkshire, 216–223, =149=, =150=, =151=, =152=

„ Mausoleum, 220, =153=

Castor, Northamptonshire, gate-piers, 329, =247=

Catherine Court, Tower Hill, London, =117=

Ceilings--
Seventeenth-century, 122, =31=, =34=, =54=, =74–77=, =112=, =120=
Eighteenth-century, 381, =144=, =174=, =180=, =283=, =288=, =306=,
=307=, =312–314=
Painted, 384, =293=, =308–311=

Chambers, Sir William, 274

Changes in house design, 99, 115, 117

Chapman, George, 78

Charles I., 7, 41, 66, 70, 87, 163

„ his influence on architecture, 41

Charles II., 10, 84, 141

„ his idea of rebuilding Whitehall Palace, 70

„ his interest in building, 142

Charleton, Dr., 50 (_footnote_), 52

Chatham, Lord, 231

Chatsworth House, Derbyshire, 204, 217, =140=

„ „ drawings at, 64, 66, =36=, =37=, =40=, =41=

Chelmsford, street, 296, =210=

Cheltenham, shop at, 304, =217=

Cheron, 198, 384

Chesterfield, Lord, 214

Chimneys, 314, =229=, =230=

Chimney-pieces--
Seventeenth-century, 138
By Inigo Jones, 138, =91=, =92=
By John Webb, =93=, =94=
In the Jerusalem Chamber, =90=
At Forde Abbey, =95=
Eighteenth-century, 377, =170=, =292=, =294=, =301=, =302=,
=303=, =304=, =305=

Chinese wall-papers, 364, =290=

Chipping Campden, The Martins, 339, =261=

Chirurgeons’ Theatre, London, 50, 52

Chiswick, Lord Burlington’s Villa, 214, =148=

“Chorea Gigantum”, 50 (_footnote_)

Christ Church, Oxford, 45

„ Tom Tower, 145

Christian IV. of Denmark, 45

Church Langton, Leicestershire, rectory, 294, =207=

Cirencester, shop at, 304, =216=

City churches, 13

Civil War, The, 2, 10

Clarendon, Earl of, 180

Clarke, Dr., of All Souls, Oxford, 63, 64

Cliefden House, Buckinghamshire, 168, 172, =114=

Coke, Rev. D’Ewes, 32

Coke, Thomas, Earl of Leicester, 274

Coke, Thomas, Earl of Leicester, killed in a duel, 276

Coleshill, Berkshire, 54–58, 88

„ plan, =28=

„ elevation, =29=

„ staircase, =30=

„ ceiling, =31=

„ gate-piers, 324, =242=

College Hill, London, house in, 185, =121=

Combe Abbey, 171

Comfort in houses, 5

Coniers, Sir John, 227

Cooke, “My ladye Cooke’s House”, 36, =18=

Coryat, Thomas, 44

Cottesbrooke, Northamptonshire, 178

„ ceiling, 386, =313=

“Counsel and Advice to all Builders,” by Gerbier, 161

Covent Garden Piazza, 50, =24=

„ St Paul’s Church, 48, 52, =23=

Cowper, 3

Craftsmen, English, are skilful, 389

Crane, Sir Francis, 176, 367

Craven, William Lord, 164

Croom’s Hill, Greenwich, garden house, 236, =161=

Cunningham, Peter, his “Life of Inigo Jones”, 45 (_footnote_),
50 (_footnote_), 60 (_footnote_)

Cupolas, 316, =5=, =29=, =51=, =55=, =104=, =106=, =118=, =231–234=

Dacres, Lord, 216

Dance, George, 307

Daniell, Samuel, 78

Date-stones, 318, =235=, =236=

D’Avenant, 87

Davies, Robert (Smith), 345 (_footnote_)

Dawtrey Mansion, Petworth, Sussex, staircase, 124, =79=

Deanery at Wells, panelling, 193, =128=

„ „ chimney-piece, 379, =302=

Dean Street, Soho, London, house in, 251, =171=

Decline of fancy in design, 313

Deene, Northamptonshire, the “Seahorse”, 291, =205=

De L’Orme, 28, 73

Denham Place, Buckinghamshire, staircase, 355, =280=

„ panelling, 359, =287=

Denham, Sir John, 69, 70, 84, 87, 141, 144, 212

Denmark House, chapel at, 50

Design follows two paths, 99, 391

Designs of Inigo Jones. _See under_ Jones, Inigo.

Devonshire, Dukes of, 64, 204

Doorways, seventeenth-century, 126

„ exterior, =13=, =21=, =35=, =58=, =59=, =84=

„ interior, =48=, =83=, =85=, =86=, =87=, =89=, =124=,
=126=, =129=, =130=

„ eighteenth-century--exterior, 333–339, =196=, =197=,
=252–259=

„ interior, =282–285=

Dorking, shop at, 305, =219=

Double cube rooms, 58

Drayton, Leicestershire, date-stone, =235=

Drayton House, Northamptonshire, chimney-piece, 97, 138, =94=

„ gardens, 236, =159=, =160=

Dryden, 60

Du Cerceau, 28

Dunkirk House, 180

Dunstable, street, 296

Durham House, 97, 115

Dyrham, Gloucestershire, 203, 204, 373

„ plan, =138=

„ house, =137=

„ dining-room, =139=

Easton Neston, Northamptonshire, 178, 207–210

„ plan, =142=

„ house, =141=

„ interiors, =143=, =144=

Edney, William (smith), 342

Elizabethan houses, 1, 5, 56

„ „ still habitable, 3

Ely, Cambridgeshire, house at, 294, =206=

Emmett, William, of Bromley, 64, 65, 66

Entrances to houses, 319

Erectheus, Temple of, 311

Evelyn, John, 2, 70, 142, 180

„ quoted, 27, 167 (_footnote_)

Extinguishers near doors, 333

Ferguson, 274

Fielding’s “Tom Jones”, 266

Finsbury Circus, London, house in, 311, =225=

Finsbury Square, London, houses in, 307, =222=

Fire-backs, 370, =296=

„ basket, 370, =297=

„ dogs, 370, =295=, =296=

„ grates, =299=, =300=

„ places, 369, 375

„ jamb of, =298=

Fitzwilliam, Earl of, 258, 260

Flaxman, design for a chimney-piece, =304=

Flitcroft, Henry, 258–260

“Florimene,” a pastoral, 87

Fonthill Abbey, sale at, 17

„ House, Wiltshire, 14, 17, =9=

Ford Abbey, Dorset, chimney-piece, 138, =95=

Fournier Street, London, doorways, =257=

Frogley, R. (carpenter), 145

Furniture of houses in 1720, 375

Gables, 99

Gammon, Richard, 60

Ganymede, 19

Gardens, 229–236, =108=, =136=, =156–162=

„ at Boughton, 200

Garrick, 3

Gates and gateways, 322–331, =21=, =35=, =46=, =50=, =59=, =110=,
=111=, =238=, =239=, =241–251=

Georgian Houses, 237

„ accommodation in the smaller, 287

Gerbier, Sir Balthazar, 60, 161–163, 168

Gibbs, James, 31, 178, 243–251

„ drawings by, =164–170=

Girdlers’ Hall, London, 191, =127=

Gloucester, house in Eastgate, 307

„ „ Southgate, 109, =65=

Godmersham Park, Kent, doorway, 356, =282=

Goodridge, H. E., of Bath, 265

Gothic revival, 20, 23

Grainger, of Newcastle, 282

Grecian temples in English gardens, 311

Greek influence, 21

Greenwich Hospital (formerly Palace), 150, =98=

Greenwich Palace--
King Charles’s Block, 52, 64, 65, 83, 168, =45=
Ceiling, =77=
Door, =87=
Queen’s house at Greenwich, 43, 50, 52
Plan, =25=
View, =26=
Elevation, =27=
Chimney-pieces by Inigo Jones, =91=, =92=

Greenwich Old Palace, staircase, 126, =82=, =83=

Gresham College, London, 143

Grinling Gibbons, 160, 189, 207, 357, 381

Gwydyr House, Whitehall, 20, =11=

Hagley, Worcestershire, 231

Hakewill, 91

Hall, the great, 6, 7

„ of eighteenth-century houses, 351

Ham House, Surrey, staircase, 126, =80=

Hampton Court, 13, 70, 150, 154, =6=

„ gate-pier, =244=

„ iron screen, =262=

„ iron balustrade, =264=

„ fire-dogs, 295

„ staircase and ceiling, =309=

Hamstead Marshall, Berkshire, 163–168, 324, =108=, =112=

Hanbury Hall, near Droitwich, 13, =5=

Harewood House, doorway, =316=

Harley Street, London, 386

Hatton, 1

Hawes, Francis, his inventory, 372, 375

Hawksmoor, Nicholas, 207–212, 220

Hengrave Hall, 275

Henry, Prince of Orange, 164

„ „ Wales, 45, 46

Hercules, 19

High Wycombe, Buckinghamshire, sundial, 318, =234=

Hinderskelf, Castle of, 216

Hogarth, 251

Holdenby House, 167

Holkham, Norfolk, 178, 271–275

„ „ plan, =188=

„ „ view, =189=

Holt, near Bradford-on-Avon, 291, =201=

Homes, English, 1

Homes of great nobles, 2

Honington Hall, Warwickshire, doorway and ceiling, 357, =283=

Hooke, Robert, 178

Horse Guards, The, Whitehall, 276, =190=

Houghton, Norfolk, 178, 251–256, 351

„ „ plan, =172=

„ „ views, =173–178=

Houses in towns, 299–313

Hyde, Lord Chancellor, 180

Ince Blundell, Lancashire, The Lion Lodge, 329, =246=

Inigo Jones. _See_ Jones, Inigo.

Inventory of house furniture in 1720, 372

Ipswich, houses at, 111, =66=

Ironwork, 299, 339–345, =212=, =213=, =262–266=, =268–271=

Isham, Sir Justinian, 93, 95

Italian influence and inspiration, 1, 2, 6, 27, 36

Jackson, John, 109

James I., 3, 45, 66

Jeffreys, Judge, 13

Jerusalem Chamber, Westminster, chimney-piece, 136, =90=

Johnson, Dr., on Kedleston Hall, 278

Jones, Inigo, 2, 6, 7, 13, 20, 31, 33, 40, 41–61, 64, 82, 83, 84,
99, 117, 118, 122, 126, 129, 132, 136, 138, 142, 143, 146, 161,
162, 176

Jones, Inigo--
his designs for masques, 39, 45
employed to purchase pictures, 42
his birth, 44
visits to Italy, 45, 46
his sketch-book at Chatsworth, 45, 46
his annotated copy of Palladio, 45
work attributed to him, 46–50
“the Vitruvius of his age”, 52
his death and will, 60
Kent’s “Designs of Inigo Jones”, 56, 63, 64, 68, 80, 82, 87, 153,
212, 216, 237–240, 243, 260, 278, 377
“Designs of Inigo Jones,” compared with earlier designs, 82
designs for scenery, 64
drawings attributed to him, 65
Jones and the designs for the Palace at Whitehall, 63–80
“Designs for Whitehall”, 68
drawings by him, 77 (_footnote_), 79
Jones as scene-painter, 79
as surveyor, 79
drawings by Jones--
Banqueting House, =36=, =37=
elevations of a house, =42=
drawing for a masque, =43=
ceiling at Wilton, =75=
door at the Banqueting House, =86=
window at the same, =88=
chimney-pieces, =91=, =92=
clock turret at Whitehall, =232=
Temple Bar, =240=
gateway, =241=
plan of Stoke Bruerne, =115=

Jonson, Ben, 78, 79

Kedleston, Derbyshire, 178, 271, 278–280

„ „ plan, =191=

„ „ Hall, =192=

„ „ furniture at, 280

„ „ drawing-room, 389, =319=

Keith, Admiral Lord, 387

Keith, W. Grant, 77 (_footnote_), 87 (_footnote_)

Kelmarsh Hall, 178

Kennington Common, 311

Kennington Park Road, London, houses in, 311, =226=, =227=

Kent, William, 63, 65, 66, 67, 68, 69, 138, 229, 255, 256, 271–278

Kew Palace, fire-grates, =299=, =300=

Kimbolton Castle, 224, 227

King’s Lynn, 296, =209=

Kingston, Castle Inn, staircase, 125, =81=

King’s Weston, Somerset, 13, 14, =7=

„ „ staircase, 352, =275=

Kip or Kyp, “Britannia Illustrata”, 164, 236

Kirby Hall, Northamptonshire, chimney and dormer window, =230=

Laguerre, 384, 385

Lamport Hall, Northamptonshire, 93, =52=

Landor, Walter Savage, 301

Langley, B. and T., 26 (_footnote_)

Lanscroon, 384

Laud, Archbishop, 127

Lead cisterns, =267=, =274=

Lead work, 345, 349, =267=, =274=

Lectures on Architecture in the Seventeenth Century, 163

Leicester, Earl of, 274, 275

Leicester, Lady, 275

Lempster, William, Lord, 207

Le Nôtre, 216

Lenthall, Speaker, 106

Leoni, 229

Leyton Great House, Essex, 185, =122=

Lewes, Sussex, house in the High Street, 314, =228=

Lincoln’s Inn Fields, staircase at No. 35, 356, =281=

Lisle, Dame Alice, 13

London Houses, 181, 307–311

„ plan, =223=

London suburbs, 313

Louvre, The, 74

Lysicrates, Choragic Monument of, 311

Magdalene College, Cambridge, 100, =56=

Malton, Earl of, 258

Mansfield Street, London, staircase, =315=

Market Harborough, Sign of Inn at, =212=

Mark Lane, London, doorway, 333, =254=

Marlborough, Duchess of, 150

„ town, 296

Masques, 45 (_footnote_), 78

„ drawing by Inigo Jones, 77, =43=

Mediæval houses, plan of, 115

„ traditions, decline of, 20

Melbourne, Derbyshire, gardens, 236

Melton Constable, Norfolk, 193, =131=

„ staircase, 354, =279=

Meopham, Kent, chimney, =229=

Middle Ages, vaulted rooms of the, 3

Milton, 10

Montagu, Duke of, 178, 196, 369

„ House, 178

Montague, Lady Mary Wortley, 216, 364

Mortlake, factory of tapestry, 367

Moulton, Northamptonshire, date-stone, =235=

Movable scenery, design of the, first, 87 (_footnote_)

Moyles Court, Hampshire, 10, =4=

Names of rooms on plans by, Thorpe and Webb, 115

Napoleon, 21

Nash, Beau, 266

Neville Holt, Leicestershire, The Stables, 316, =231=

Newcastle House, 168, 171

Newcastle, Earls and Dukes of, 32

Newmarket, royal house at, 50

Nixon, Alderman John, 111

„ his grammar school, at Oxford, 111, =67=

Normanton Park, Rutland, 17, =10=

Northampton, ceiling in Courts, of Justice, 381, =306=

Northleach, 43

Northumberland House, chimney-piece, 97

Norwich, doorways, =256=

Oliver, Mr., City Surveyor, 63, 64

Oundle, doorway, 333, =253=

Ormond, Duke of, 180

Osborne, Dorothy, 95

Oxford, house in the High St., 291, =203=

„ house in St. Giles, 291, =200=
(See also All Souls College, Ashmolean Museum, Brasenose College
Chapel, Christ Church, Nixon’s Grammar School, Sheldonian
Theatre, St. John’s College, Trinity College, Worcester
College.)

Paine, James, 271, 278, 280

Palladio, 83

Panelling, 136, 360

Paul’s Cathedral, St., London, 13, 48, 63, 101, 142, 145–149

„ „ model by Wren, =97=

Paul’s, St., Covent Garden, 48, 52, =23=

Penshurst, Kent, fire-basket, =297=

Pepys, 2, 100, 180

Pepysian Library, Cambridge, 100, =56=

“Persians”, 73

Petersham, Surrey, house at, 294, =208=

Philibert de l’Orme, 28

Physicians’ College, 97

Piddletown, Dorset, vicarage, 291, =199=

Pitt, William, 387

Pope, 5, 227, 243

Porches, open, 89

Powell, Sir Edward, 118

Powis Castle, Monmouth, tapestry room, =293=

Powis House. _See_ Newcastle House.

Powis, Marquis of, 171

Pratt, Roger, 180, and Appendix, 395–398

Price, Dr. George, chimney-piece for, 138, =93=

Prior Park, Bath, bridge, 220, =154=

„ „ house, 260–266, =182=, =183=, 351

Proportion in architecture, 80

Puget, architect, 178

Pugin, 20, 311

Pulteney Bridge, Bath, 267, =184=

Queen Anne, wife of James I., 45

Queen’s House at Greenwich. _See_ Greenwich.

Quenby Hall, Leicestershire, iron gateway, 344, =266=

Raleigh, Sir Walter, 1

Ramsay, Allan, 387

Ramsbury Manor, Wiltshire, 95, =53=, =54=

„ Chinese wall-paper, =290=

Raynham Park, Norfolk, 58

„ „ plan, =32=

„ „ view, =33=

Reddish Manor, Wiltshire, 268, =186=

Reynolds, Sir Joshua, 3, 14, 229

R.I.B.A. Collection of Drawings, 58–64, =42=, =44=, =45=

Rice, R. Garraway, 342 (_footnote_)

Ricci, 172

Ripley, 14, 271

Roads in Georgian times, 299

Robinson, Thomas (Smith), 342

Rockingham, Marquis of, 258

Rooms named on old plans, 115

Rubens, 60

Rundhurst, Sussex, gate-piers, 329, =248=

Rysbrach, 255

Saffron Walden, Essex, houses, 111, =68=, =69=

Salisbury, sign of an inn, =213=

„ gateway in the Close, =250=

„ staircase, 352, =278=

“Salmacida spolia”, 87

Sandby, Thomas, 7, 60, 74, FRONTISPIECE, FIG. =1=

Sanitary conveniences in Georgian houses, 288

Sappho, 21

Sash-windows introduced, 134

„ earliest example, 136

Scole, Norfolk, inn, 111, =72=

Scott (Sir Walter), 23

Seaton Delaval, Northumberland, 178, 224

Seckford Hall, Suffolk, doorway, =285=

Sedgemoor, 13

Serlio, 80

Shakespeare, 10, 25

Shardiloes House, design for chimney-piece, =305=

Shaw, Huntingdon (Smith), 342

Sheffield, “my lord’s house”, 34

„ Duke of Buckingham, 168

Sheldonian Theatre, Oxford, 144

Sherborne, Gloucestershire, 43

Sherrard, Bennet, Lord, 191

Shops, 304, 305, =216=, =219=

Short survey of twenty-six counties in 1634, 43 (_footnote_)

Shrivenham, Berkshire, House, 294, =204=

“Siege of Rhodes”, 87

Silchester, Hampshire, chimney, =229=

Smithson, John, 7, 42, 168

„ „ his family, 31

„ „ his drawings, 32–40, 66, 77, =14=, =15=, =17=, =18=,
=20=, =21=, =38=

„ Robert, 31

„ Huntingdon, 31

Snaresbrook, Elm Hall, iron gates, =268=

Soane Museum, 31

Somerset House, 50

„ new wing, 105, =61=

South Molton, fireplace in Town Hall, 369, =292=

South Sea Company, 372

Spalato in Dalmatia, 280

Speculative builders, their influence on house design, 311

Spiers, Walter L., 31 (_footnote_)

St Catherine’s Court, Somerset, 236

St Cloud, 200

St James’s Palace, 58

„ „ chapel at, 50

„ Square, No. 32, 20, =12=

St. John’s College, Oxford--
doorway, 127, =85=
panelling, 136, =89=
rain-water heads, 345

St Lawrence Jewry, London, carving, 185, =123=, =124=

St Mary Redcliffe, Bristol, iron gates, 342, =265=

St John, Oliver, 88

Staircases of seventeenth century, 118, =73=, =78–83=

„ eighteenth century, 351, =275–281=, =308=, =309=

Stanton Harcourt, Oxfordshire, farmhouse, 113, =71=

Stanway House, Gloucestershire, doorway, 101, =58=

Stapleford Park, Leicestershire, 191, =129=, =130=

Starkie Gardner, 345 (_footnote_)

Stationers’ Hall, London, 191

„ „ doorway, 337, =259=

Stoke Bruerne, Northamptonshire, 176

Stoke Bruerne, Northamptonshire, plan, =115=

“Stone-Heng Restored”, 44, 50 (_footnote_)

Stoneleigh Abbey, Warwickshire--
iron gateway, 342, =263=
panelling, 363, =288=

Stone, Nicholas, 60

Stowe House, Buckinghamshire, 224

Stowe House, Buckinghamshire, gardens, 229–232, 276, =157=, =156=

Strafford, Earl of, 258

Stratford, near London, iron gate, =271=

Stratton Street, London, house, 310, =224=

Streets in towns, 296

Stuart, James, 387

Sturmer, Essex, chimney, =229=

Sundials, 318, =237=

Sutton Place, fire-back and dogs, =296=

Swakeleys, Middlesex, 102, =60=

Talman, architect, 203, 204

Talmash, Thomas, 126

Tapestry, 367, =291=, =293=

Temple Bar, design for, by Inigo Jones, 323, =240=

Temple, The, London, staircases, 351

Temple, Sir William, 95

Tenche, Sir Fisher, 185

Thornhill, Sir James, 385

Thorpe Hall, Northamptonshire, 88–91, 324

Thorpe Hall, Northamptonshire--
plan, =47=
views and details, =46=, =48–51=

Thorpe, John, 28, 31, 77, 115

„ plan of London houses, 310

Thrale, Mrs., 3

Tijou, Jean, 339, 340

Town houses of the gentry, 299

Town-planning on architectural lines, 267, 299, 301

Towns, growth of, 304

Townshend, Aurelian, 78

„ George, 275

Trellis-work to fronts of houses, 311, =225–227=

Trinity College, Oxford, 145

Triumphal arches by Gerbier, 162

Tuileries, plan for the palace, 73

Uffington, near Stamford, gate-pier, =251=

Vandike, Sir Anthony, 52

Vanbrugh, Sir John, 13, 19, 20, 150, 216–229

Vathek, 17

Vernon, Thomas, 13

Verrio, 199, 384, 385

Versailles, 196

Vignola, 163

Villiers, Duke of Buckingham, 60

“Vindication of Stone-Heng Restored,” by Webb, 45 (_footnote_),
48, 50 (_footnote_), 52 (_footnote_), 84

“Vitruvius Britannicus,” by Campbell, 64, 240–243

Wade, General, 214

Wall-papers, 364

„ Chinese, =290=

Walpole, Horace, 20, 31, 32, 161

„ his visit to Stowe, 231

„ Sir Robert, 251, 256

Wansford, Northamptonshire, chimney, =229=

Wanstead, 260

Ware, Isaac, 176, 271

Wareham, Dorset, shop at, 305, =218=

Warminster, Free School, 99, =57=

Warwick, streets, 296

„ Aylesford Hotel, 301, =215=

„ lead rain-water head, =273=

Watson, Samuel, of Heanor, 207

Webb, John, 2, 7, 31, 45 (_footnote_), 48, 50, 52, 54, 56, 60, 63,
64, 65, 68, 101, 141, 176

„ commissioned to acquire works of art, 42

„ his petition to Charles II., 69, 70

„ brief attached to same, 84

„ designed the Palace at Whitehall by command of
Charles I., 70

„ design for a house by him, =44=

„ his own work, 83–97

„ “Inigo Jones’s man”, 83, 87

„ designs for masques, 87

„ drawings by him, for new wing, Somerset House, =61=

„ ceiling at Wilton, =76=

„ ceiling at Greenwich, =77=

„ door at Greenwich, =87=

„ chimney-pieces, =93=, =94=

„ hall or public room, =145=

Webb, William, 63, 64

Welbeck, 32

„ riding-house, 33, =20=

Wells, Deanery, 193, =128=

„ chimney-piece, 379, =302=

Wentworth Castle, Yorkshire, 258

„ Woodhouse, Yorkshire, 256–260, =179=, =181=

Westminster, dormitory at, 216

Whitehall Palace, 7, 39, 42, 52, 154, 162, 168

„ “Designs for Whitehall”, 64, 68

„ drawings for, 65 (_footnote_)

„ designs for the Palace, 63–80, =1=, =19=, =39–41=

„ by Wren, =103=

„ clockhouse by Inigo Jones, =232=

Widcombe Manor House, near Bath, 268, =187=

Wilkins, Dr., 143

William and Mary, 2

Williams, John, Bishop of Lincoln, 136

Willis, Professor, 100

Wilton, Wiltshire, 58, 97, 220, =34=

„ „ ceilings, 118, 122, =75=, =76=

Wimpole Street, London, ceiling, =314=

Winchester, chimney-piece, =301=

„ palace at, 142

Winde, Wine, or Wynne, Capt. _See_ Wynne.

Windows of seventeenth century, 129

Windsor Castle, 385

„ sash-window, 136

Witney, Oxfordshire, school at, 113, =70=

Wollaton, 31

Wolterton Hall, Norfolk, 14, =8=

Woodford Road, London, iron gate, =270=

Wood, John, of Bath, 260–268

Worcester College, Oxford, drawings at, 52, 58, 63, 64, 65, 68

Workmen and books, 27

Working men’s dwellings, 389

Wren, Sir Christopher, 13, 20, 31, 61, 101, 108, 141–160, 176, 178,
189

„ „ drawings at All Souls College, 145, 154, 176

„ „ designs for houses, =99=, =102=

„ „ for palace at Whitehall, =103=

Wren, Dr. Christopher, 143

„ Matthew, Bishop of Ely, 143

Wrest, Bedfordshire, gardens, 236, =158=

Wynne, Captain, 163, 168

„ „ drawings by, 171 (_footnote_), =109=, =110=, =112=

Yarmouth, lay out of streets, 296

„ porch at, 337, =260=

York, streets in, 296

„ Assembly Rooms, 214, =146=, =147=

„ doorway, 333, =255=

York House, London, 60, 161

„ „ water-gate, 60, 322

„ „ FRONTISPIECE, =35=

_Printed in Great Britain at_ THE DARIEN PRESS,
_Edinburgh_

FOOTNOTES:

[1] The publication of “Gothic Architecture, Improved by Rules and Proportions,” by B. and T. Langley, in 1742, does not invalidate this statement, for the illustrations are intended to show how a kind of Gothic detail might be applied to a kind of classic “order.” The “Historical Dissertation on Gothic Architecture,” attached by way of introduction, is absolutely negligible in the light of modern knowledge, and could have helped nobody to a comprehension of the subject.

[2] Evelyn’s “Account of Architects and Architecture.”

[3] See a communication from Mr. Walter L. Spiers to the _Journal of the Royal Institute of British Architects_, 10th Dec. 1908, where a short pedigree is given.

[4] “As appears by his name over the gate.”

[5] It was, however, John Smithson’s son, Huntingdon, who died in 1648. John Smithson died in 1634.

[6] “A Relation of a Short Survey of 26 Counties observed in a seven weekes Journey begun on August 11, 1634, by a _Captain_, a _Lieutenant_, and an _Ancient_.”

[7] “Lives of the British Architects,” by E. Beresford Chancellor.

[8] It is true that his spelling, especially that of the notes in his sketch-book, is eccentric, even for those days.

[9] “Cal. State Papers, Domestic,” Sept. 2, 1611.

[10] John Webb, in his “Vindication of Stone-Heng Restored” (1725), p. 119, says he resided “many years” in Italy, especially at Venice. This refers to his first visit. He was back in England before Twelfth Night, 1605, as he designed the “Masque of Blackness,” which was produced on that day. (See Peter Cunningham’s “Life of Inigo Jones.”)

[11] Peter Cunningham’s “Life of Inigo Jones,” p. 6.

[12] “Cal. State Papers, Domestic,” April 27, 1613.

[13] “A Vindication of Stone-Heng Restored,” p. 27. All this work was destroyed in the great fire. The loss of the portico was considered a national misfortune.

[14] “A Vindication,” p. 36. This work has been much altered.

[15] Destroyed.

[16] “A Vindication,” p. 119.

[17] Kennet, in Wood’s “Ath. Ox.,” by Bliss, iii. 806; quoted in Peter Cunningham’s “Inigo Jones.”

[18] In the year 1620, King James I., being at Wilton on one of his progresses, sent for Inigo Jones, and instructed him to produce out of his own practice in architecture and experience in antiquities abroad, what he could discover about Stonehenge. The “few undigested notes” which Jones made were amplified by John Webb and published by him as “Stone-Heng Restored” in 1655. They went to show that Stonehenge was a Roman temple. A Dr. Charleton attacked this conclusion in a pamphlet called “Chorea Gigantum,” whereupon Webb retaliated in his “Vindication of Stone-Heng Restored.” From the antiquarian point of view the controversy is of no value, but it is interesting because of the references to Inigo Jones.

[19] Webb’s “Vindication,” p. 11. It would seem that Vandyke is here quoted as using the phrase “designing with his pen,” and not (as biographers have freely supposed) as having given Jones a certificate of ability.

[20] In the collection at the Royal Institute of British Architects.

[21] See Appendix II.

[22] See p. 69.

[23] “London Past and Present,” by Wheatley and Cunningham.

[24] Peter Cunningham’s “Life,” where it is stated that the register of St Bennet’s records his burial on the 26th June.

[25] Peter Cunningham’s “Inigo Jones,” p. 39.

[26] John Aubrey’s “Brief Lives,” ed. by Andrew Clark. Oxford, 1898, vol. ii. 10.

[27] One of this series is illustrated in Fig. 39.

[28] Those who desire to pursue the subject more fully are referred to two papers by the author--“The Burlington-Devonshire Drawings,” in the _Journal of the Royal Institute of British Architects_, Third Series, vol. xviii., No. 10, and “The Original Drawings for the Palace at Whitehall, attributed to Inigo Jones,” _Architectural Review_, June 1912.

[29] “State Papers, Domestic: Charles II.,” vol. v., Nos. 74, 74, I.

[30] It is the version published by Kent which is here dealt with, as being the best known.

[31] In an article by Mr. W. Grant Keith, published in the _Burlington Magazine_ of January 1913, are given some reproductions of half a dozen drawings by Inigo Jones, which are among the most carefully finished specimens of his handiwork that survive. They include a ceiling for Wilton, 1649, and some decorative work at Oatlands Palace in Surrey.

[32] Mostly preserved at Chatsworth; there are also a few at the British Museum.

[33] It has not been found possible to illustrate this scene, as was intended, owing to the war having rendered the drawings at Chatsworth inaccessible for the time being.

[34] “Cal. State Papers, Domestic,” xcv. 12.

[35] Horace Walpole’s “Anecdotes of Painting.”

[36] See the article on the Burlington-Devonshire Drawings in the _Journal of the Royal Institute of British Architects_, Third Series, vol. xviii., No. 10.

[37] Vol. vi. p. 129, printed in full in Peter Cunningham’s “Life of Inigo Jones,” p. 48.

[38] “The Designs for the First Movable Scenery on the English Public Stage,” by William Grant Keith, in _The Burlington Magazine_, Nos. cxxxiii. and cxxxiv., April and May 1914, where reproductions of Webb’s drawings are given.

[39] “Thorpe Hall,” by A. W. Hakewill, 1852.

[40] Neal, in his “Seats,” says it was designed by Webb; and although he quotes no authority he must have had some reason for the statement.

[41] Willis and Clarke’s “Architectural History of the University of Cambridge,” ii. 366.

[42] “The Old Colleges of Oxford,” by Aymer Vallance, p. 62.

[43] Illustrated in “Early Renaissance Architecture in England,” by the present author (Batsford).

[44] “Ashburnham House and the Precincts of Westminster Abbey,” by Harry Sirr, _Journal of the R.I.B.A._, 8th January 1910.

[45] “Windsor Castle,” by Sir W. H. St John Hope, p. 329.

[46] It was perhaps Pierre le Muet whose work most influenced Wren.

[47] “Lives of the British Architects,” by E. Beresford Chancellor, p. 79.

[48] Walpole’s “Anecdotes of Painting.”

[49] Collins’s “Peerage.”

[50] This conjecture is strengthened by a reference of Evelyn’s, who notes that in going from Reading to Marlborough in June 1654 he saw “my Lord Craven’s house at Causam now in ruines, his goodly woods felling by the rebels.”

[51] “Vit. Brit.,” i. 43, 44.

[52] The curious volume of original drawings by Wynne, which is preserved at the Bodleian Library, and from which the illustrations 109, 110, and 112 are reproduced, also contains drawings for work at Combe Abbey; it would appear, therefore, that Wynne was the architect employed both there and at Hamstead Marshall.

[53] Wheatley and Cunningham’s “London, Past and Present.”

[54] “Vit. Brit,” i. 44.

[55] “Journey through England” (1722), by J. Mackay, quoted in “London, Past and Present.”

[56] Bridges’ “History of Northamptonshire,” vol. i. p. 328.

[57] The curious can compare the appearance of the old house with what Gibbs put in its place by referring to the plates in Bridges’ “History of Northamptonshire”; whether the newer design was an improvement, either in appearance or convenience, is open to question.

[58] But see Appendix I., p. 395.

[59] See “The Great House, Leyton,” by Edwin Gunn, published by the Committee for the Survey of the Memorials of Greater London, 1903.

[60] Collins’s “Peerage,” 1741 ed., i. 334.

[61] An excellent annotated catalogue of the pictures has been prepared by Mr. C. H. Scott and privately printed. The Boughton estates passed to the Dukes of Buccleuch (Montagu-Douglas-Scott) by marriage with an heiress of the Montagus.

[62] It was begun in 1687 and finished in 1706.

[63] Bridges’ “History of Northamptonshire,” i. 289, repeated by Baker in his history of the same county, ii. 144.

[64] Baker, _ut supra_.

[65] Mr. R. Blomfield’s “History of Renaissance Architecture in England,” p. 224.

[66] “Court and Society from Elizabeth to Anne,” edited from the papers at Kimbolton, by the Duke of Manchester, London, 1864, p. 56.

[67] “Court and Society from Elizabeth to Anne,” 1864, p. 227.

[68] Letter to George Montagu, 7th July 1770; also to H. S. Conway, 12th July 1770.

[69] “Vitruvius Britannicus,” ii., pl. 81, 82.

[70] The first series, in three volumes, is here referred to.

[71] “Vitruvius Britannicus,” iii, pl. 27–34.

[72] Collins’s “Peerage.”

[73] Walpole, “Anecdotes.”

[74] “Treatise on Architecture.”

[75] Ferguson’s “History of Architecture,” Book IV., 1873 ed., p. 328.

[76] “Memoirs of a Royal Chaplain,” by Albert Hartsborne, pp. 318–320.

[77] See an article on Holkham by M. Jourdain, “Interiors of English Mansions,” in the _Art Journal_ of July 1911, and Lenygon’s “Decoration in England” and “Furniture in England” (1660–1790), 2 vols. (Batsford).

[78] Mr. Percy Fitzgerald, M.A., F.S.A., in his “Robert Adam.”

[79] A Latinised version of the Greek word for “Brothers.”

[80] “London Past and Present.”

[81] From a description by Cole, quoted in Willis and Clark’s “Architectural History of the University of Cambridge.”

[82] London in the eighteenth century was even darker than it has been since the lighting has been minimised as a protection against air-raids.

[83] See two articles on Huntingdon Shaw by R. Garraway Rice, F.S.A., in the _Archæological Journal_, June 1895, and the _Home Counties Magazine_, January 1902, vol. iv., No. 13.

[84] See “English Ironwork of the XVIIth and XVIIIth Centuries,” by J. Starkie Gardner. (Batsford.)

[85] This work is attributed by Mr. Starkie Gardner to a skilful smith named Robert Davies.

[86] See “Tapestry Weaving in England,” by W. G. Thomson. (Batsford.)

[87] “Guide to an Exhibition of Tapestries, Carpets, and Furniture, lent by the Earl of Dalkeith to the Victoria and Albert Museum,” by A. F. K., 1914.

Transcriber’s Note:

1. Obvious printers’, punctuation and spelling errors have been
corrected silently.

2. Where appropriate, original spelling has been retained.

3. Superscripts are represented using the caret character, e.g. D^r.
or X^{xx}.

4. Italics are shown as _xxx_.

5. Bold print is shown as =xxx=.

6. In the Note at the beginning of the Index, some words are
underlined. For the purpose of this work, these words have been
shown as written in italics, to emphasize them.

7. Some hyphenated and non-hyphenated versions of the same words have
been retained as in the original.