Chapter XX (2)

Family, _Rôle_ of the male in the animal, 21
Maternal, amongst the animals, 21
amongst the mammifers, 25
amongst the animals, 29
Maternal, amongst the Naïrs, 81
Maternal, at Rome, 202, 233
in Melanesia, 268, 335
Origin of the, 267
Maternal, in Australia, 274
in America, 274
Maternal, among the Redskins, 278
Origin and evolution of the, 284
Maternal, and the matriarchate, 282
among the Omahas, 287
among the Redskins, 287
among the Iroquois Senecas, 287
Nomenclature of, among the Redskins, 288
Evolution of the, among the Redskins, 292
Genesis of the paternal family among the, 292
The paternal, among the Incas, 293
Maternal, in Peru, 293
Paternal, in Peru, 293
Paternal, in Mexico, 293
in Polynesia, 294
Nomenclature of the, at Hawaii, 295
Genesis of the maternal, at Hawaii, 295
Genesis of the paternal, in Polynesia, 295
among the Mongols, 296
among the Tamils, 296
and the clan, 301
The maternal, 303
and the familial clan, 303
Genesis of the uterine, 301
in Africa, 305
The maternal, In Kaffirland, 305
among the Fantees, 305
in eastern Africa, 306
among the Nubians, 307
in Egypt, 307
The paternal, in Dahomey, 305
The maternal, in Africa, 305
The maternal, in Madagascar, 307
The paternal, in Egypt, 308
in Malaya, 309
among the Naïrs, 311
among the aborigines of Bengal, 313
The maternal, in Bengal, 313
The paternal, in Bengal, 314
The primitive, 320
in civilised countries, 322
in China, 322
in Japan, 323
The paternal, in China, 323
among the Semites, 325
Traces of the maternal, among the Hebrews, 326
The maternal, in Phœnicia, 327
among the Berbers, 327
The maternal, among the Berbers, 327
in Persia, 330
in India, 332
The patriarchal, in Vedic India, 332
The maternal, in India, 333
The maternal, among the Tamils, 334
The Greco-Roman, 334
The maternal, in Greece, 335
The maternal, in Etruria, 336
Genesis of the paternal, in Greece, 336
Evolution of the, at Rome, 347
in barbarous Europe, 338
The paternal, in barbarous Europe, 339
The maternal, in Germany, 339
in the past, present, and future, 341
in the past, 341
Stages of the, according to L. Morgan, 347
Actual state of the, 349

Father, The _potestas_ of, at Rome, 199

Fecundation, 4
among superior animals, 7

Feudality, Polyandric, in Malabar, 311

Filiation, Maternal, among the Touaregs, 179

Fishes, Paternal love in certain, 24
Coquetry in, 10

France, Prostitution in mediæval, 160
Adultery in feudal, 226
Repudiation in feudal, 246
Late marriages in, 352
Malthusianism in, 352
Dowry and its results on marriage in, 352
Disproportionate marriages in, 323

Gallinaceæ, Amorous combats of, 12
Vertigo of love in, 27

_Gasterosteus leiurus_, Paternal love of, 25

Gauls, Polygamy of, 135

Geese of Canada, Amorous battles of, 12

Generation by budding, 4
by division, 4
a product of nutrition, 4
among animals, 18
by ovulation, 5
by conjugation, 4
the aim of life, 5
in the cochineal, 5
Evolution of, 5
in the paramœcia, 6
Essential phenomenon of, 6

_Gens_ in Greece, 335
at Rome, 334

Germans, Polygamy of, 135
The maternal family among the, 339
The paternal family among the, 339
Laws of succession among the, 339
Marriage by purchase among the, 204
Subjection of women among the, 204
Adultery among the, 225
Repudiation among the, 246
Divorce among the, 246
Widowhood among the, 262

Girls, Prostitution of, among the Andamanites, 58
Prostitution of, in Polynesia, 59
married by the father in India, 192
Marriage of little, in India, 193
Gymnastic exercises of naked, in Sparta, 195
Marriage of little, at Rome, 198
Conjugal sale of little, 107
married by the grandmother at Boussa, 112
Free conjugal choice of, at Nicaragua, 115
Consent of the, in Mussulman marriage, 144
How, inherit in India, 334

Greece, Loan of wife in ancient, 53
Sodomy in, 63
Marriage by capture in, 100
Concubinate in primitive, 161
Concubinate in, 166
Subjection of women in, 195
Hetaïræ in, 166
Subjection of women in, 194
Marriage in ancient, 194
Dotal marriage in, 196
Evolution of marriage in, 197
Adultery in, 222
Repudiation in, 243
Divorce in, 243
The primitive clan in, 334
The maternal family in, 335
The _gens_ in, 335
Genesis of the paternal family in, 336

Greeks, Promiscuity of the ancient, 41

Guaranis, Qualities exacted of the husband among the, 115

Gynecocracy according to Bachofen, 172
Pretended, in ancient Egypt, 175
Pretended, among the Touaregs, 179

Hawaii, Kinship by classes in, 294
Familial nomenclature at, 295
Genesis of the maternal family in, 294

Hebrews, Concubinate among the, 161
Marriage among the, 189
Monogamy among the, 189
Virginity among the, 190
Levirate among the, 190
Adultery among the, 218
Divorce among the, 242
Repudiation among the, 242
Widowhood among the, 259
The levirate among the, 263
Laws of succession among the, 326
Traces of communal clans among the, 326

Herons, Amorous battles of blue, 12

Hetaïræ in Greece, 166

Hetaïrism, 45
No primitive, 45
at Babylon, 45

Hiring out of wives in Polynesia, 60

Humming-birds, Decorated nests of, 14

Husbands, Brutality of, at Gaboon, 125
Jealousy of, unknown in Africa, 128
Duties of Mussulman, 145
Rights of punishment of Kabyle, 147
_Manus_ of, at Rome, 200

_Icterus pecoris_, Promiscuity of the, 26

Immodesty, Primitive, 56

Immorality, Primitive sexual, 56

Incas, Polygamy of the, 148

Incest permitted among various American peoples, 65
permitted among the Karens, 66
among the Parthians, 66
in ancient Persia, 66
among the Scythians, 66
Royal, in Egypt, 66
of the Incas, 66
in ancient Ireland, 66
Royal, in Siam, 66
in Bhootan, 133
among the Malagasies, 309
Horror of, in Kabylie, 309

India, Primitive promiscuity in, 42
Religious prostitution in, 46
Marriage by capture in, 93
Polygamy in Brahmanic, 151
Prostitution in, 159
Polygamy among the aborigines of, 135
Monogamic tendencies in the aborigines of, 133
Repudiation in, 242
Widowhood in, 256
Mitigated monogamy in, 191
Inferiority of women in, 191
Daughter married by the father in, 192
Marriage by purchase in, 192
Prohibitions to marriage in, 192
Subjection of woman in, 192
Marriage of little girls in, 193
Adultery in, 220
The levirate in, 263
The family in, 332
The patriarchal family in Vedic, 332
The patriarchate in, 332
Primogeniture in, 333
Paternity by suggestion in, 333
How daughters inherit in, 333
The maternal family in, 334
Vestiges of ancient clans in, 334

Individualism has succeeded to communism, 347

Infanticide committed by male mammifers, 34
of girls among the ancient Arabs, 83
Legend of Caïs, 83
The paternal right of, in Polynesia, 113
among the Vedic Aryans, 150

Innovators, Fate of, 359

Insects, Maternal prescience of, 22
Coquetry amongst, 10

Ireland, The primitive clan in, 338

Irish, Promiscuity of the ancient, 41
Incest among the ancient, 66
Temporary marriages among the, 246
Divorce among the ancient, 246

Japan, Prostitution of young girls in, 51
Prostitution in, 157
Marriage in, 185
Adultery in, 217
The maternal family in, 322
Familial nomenclature in, 324

Jews of Morocco, Temporary marriages among the, 67

_Jus primæ noctis_, 45
Religious, in Malabar, 47
among the Nasamons, 47
in the Balearic Isles, 47
Seignorial, 47
in Cochin-China, 48
of parents and friends, 50

Kabyles, Adultery amongst the, 219
Repudiation amongst the, 234
Right of insurrection of the wife, 236
Widowhood among the, 260
Horror of incest among the, 309
Traces of the clan among the, 328
Mutual assistance amongst the, 329
Disinheritance of the wife, 329
Laws of succession among the, 329

Kabylie, Marriage by purchase in, 145
Tariff of the woman in, 146
Essential condition of marriage in, 146
Loan of jewels to the wife in, 146
Subjection of the wife in, 145
Rights of correction of the husband in, 147
The wife a thing possessed in, 147
Fate of woman in, 147
Absence of concubinage in, 169

Kaffirs, Right of the chief among the, 47

Kamilaroi, Regulated promiscuity of the, 44
Marriage among the, 271

Kinship, Origin of ideas of, 283
by classes in the Hawaii Isles, 294
The evolution of, by classes, 297, 301
Fictitious, in China, 325

Koran, The, and the inferiority of women, 140
Restrictions on polygamy in the, 140
Celestial polygamy in the, 142
Purchase of the wife in the, 141

Kurnai, Marriage among the, of Australia, 273

Lark, Loves of, 12

Larva, The, is a survival, 23

Larvæ, Fertile, 23
Maternal love in sterile, 23

Law of amorous battle among the Australian women, 57

Levirate, The, among the Hebrews, 191
and widowhood, 191
The, 263
in Malaya, 263
in New Caledonia, 263
among the Redskins, 263
among the Mongols, 263
among the Afghans, 263
in India, 263
among the Hebrews, 263
in Abyssinia, 265

Loan of the wife among savages, 52
among the Redskins, 52
among the Arabs, 53
in antique Greece, 53
in antique Rome, 53
in Australia, 57
among the Bushmen, 58

Love, The snare of, 3
according to Haeckel, 6
and rut, 7, 8
according to Schopenhauer, 9
and pairing, 9
according to Imitation of Christ, 10
in insects, 10
in birds, 11
in the lark, 12
dances of birds, 13
parades of _Tetras phasaniellus_, 13
parades of birds, 13
Intentional, parades of birds, 13
courts of birds, 14
bowers of _Chlamydera maculata_, 14
house of the _Amblyornis inornata_, 14
tourneys of nightingales, 14
songs of weaver birds, 15
The instinct of, is not blind, 17
Choice in, among animals, 17
Selection in, among females, 17
Selection in, among female birds, 17
Exclusive, of bitches, 18
Essential identity of, with animals and man, 19
Maternal, wanting in lower animals, 21
Maternal, in spiders, 22
Paternal, wanting in spiders, 22
Biological reason of maternal, 22
Maternal, in the sterile larvæ, 23
Paternal, in certain fishes, 24
Paternal, of Chinese _Macropus_, 24
Paternal, of _Chromis paterfamilias_, 24
Paternal, of the _Gasterosteus leiurus_, 25
Paternal, of toads, 25
Paternal, in the _Pipa_, 25
Maternal, in reptiles, 25
Vertigo of, in gallinaceæ, 26
at first sight in a wild duck, 28
Passion of, analogous in animal and man, 29
Paternal, absent in certain male birds, 29
Paternal, wanting in polygamous birds, 31
Paternal, developed in many birds, 31
Paternal and maternal, is brief in duration with birds, 31
Conjugal, in female chimpanzees,33

_Macropus_, Chinese, paternal love of, 24

Madagascar, The maternal family in, 307
Incest in, 309

Mahomet, Conjugal freedom of, 141
and the _debitum conjugale_, 142

Malagasies, Civil marriage among the, 129

Malaya, Adultery in, 217
The levirate in, 263
The family in, 309
Marriage by purchase in, 310

Malays of Sumatra, Three modes of marriage with the, 119

Male, Part of the, in the animal family, 21

Malthusianism, Natural, 20
in France, 352

Mammals, Marriage among, 25
Marriage and the family among, 25
Promiscuity in the, 31
No polyandry in the, 31
Polygamous societies of, 32
Conjugal devotion of females of, 32
Male infanticides amongst, 34

Man, The taxonomic place of, 2
Grandeur and inferiority of, 2
Real place of, 2
Origin of, 71

Manus, The, of husband at Rome, 200

Marquette, Right of, 48

Marriage, Biological origin of, 1
Object of, 2
among animals, 20
among mammals, 25
Various types of, among animals, 35
Primitive evolution of, 54
Strange forms of, 64
a simple pairing with many savages, 64
Experimental, 67
Experimental, in Canada, 67
Experimental, among the Otomies, 67
Experimental, among the Sonthals, 67
Experimental, among the Tartars, 67
Experimental, at Ceylon, 67
Temporary, among the Jews of Morocco, 67
Temporary, among the Tapyres, 68
Free, at Noukahiva, 68
Free, among the Hottentots, 68
Free, in Abyssinia, 68
Partial, of the Hassinyehs, 68
Temporary, in Persia, 68
Temporary, among the Arabs, 69
the right of the strongest among many savage peoples, 69
and the sexual proportion of births, 73
Initiation into, by the Naïrs, 80
Term, _mot’a_, with the Arabs, 85
Patriarchal, with the Arabs, 85
by capture, 89
by capture in India, 93
by capture, 93
by capture among the Esquimaux, 95
by capture among the Redskins, 95
among the Kamstchatdales, 95
among the Kalmucks, 96
among the Tannganses, 96
among the Turcomans, 97
among the aborigines of Bengal, 97
in New Zealand, 98
in Arabia, 99
in Java, 100
among the Bœotians, 100
at Sparta, 100
at Rome, 100
in Circassia, 101
in Wales, 101
among the Slavs, 101
by capture, Signification of, 102
by purchase at Fiji, 103
by purchase of servitude, 106
Premature, by girls in New Caledonia, 107
among the Hottentots, 107
in Ashantee, 107
in Polynesia, 107
in South America, 107
in India, 108
in ancient Italy, 108
Premature, of little boys among the Reddies, 108
in Russia, 108
of deceased children among the Tartars, 108
by servitude, 109
among the Redskins, 109
in Central America, 109
among the aborigines of Bengal, 110
among the Hebrews, 110
by purchase, 110
among the Hottentots, 111
among the Kaffirs, 111
in Central Africa, 111
at Sackatoo, 112
at Kouranko, 112
in Polynesia, 113
among the Redskins, 113
in California, 114
in New Mexico, 114
in Central America, 115
among the Guaranis, 115
among the Mongols, 115
among the Turcomans, 116
in China, 116
among the aborigines of India, 117
among the Arabs, 118
among the Afghans, 118
in Brahmanic India, 119
among the Scandinavians, 119
among the Germans, 119
in primitive Greece, 120
at Rome, 120
by capture in China, 116
by _usus_ at Rome, 120
Dotal, at Athens, 120
Dotal, at Rome, 120
by coemption at Rome, 120
by confarreation at Rome, 120
State, among the Bongos, 129
by purchase, Signification of, 120
Civil, with the Malagasies, 129
Mussulman and laic, 143
by purchase with the Mussulmans, 143
Mussulman, is a contract of sale, 143
Virginity in the Mussulman, 143
Consent of girl in Mussulman, 144
_Debitum conjugale_ in Mussulman, 144
Marital rights in Mussulman, 145
by purchase in Kabylie, 145
Essential condition of Kabyle, 146
Free, at Paris, 169
The form of, and civilisation, 173
Civil, in Thibet, 182
by purchase in China, 183
in Japan, 185
Hebrew, 184
in ancient India and Persia, 191
in the _Avesta_, 191
by purchase in India, 191
Prohibitions of, in India, 192
in ancient Greece, 194
obligatory at Sparta, 195
Dotal, in Greece, 196
in ancient Rome, 198
Evolution of, in Greece, 198
by _confarreatio_ at Rome, 201
by _coemptio_ at Rome, 201
by _usus_ at Rome, 201
Dotal, at Rome, 200
The evolution of, at Rome, 201
Barbarous and Christian, 204
by purchase with the Germans, 204
Christian, 205
Free, at Hayti, 233
Temporary, among the Irish, 246
Communal, in Australia, 270
Communal, transitory in Australia, 273
among the Redskins, 275
Incestuous, with the Redskins, 293
Three sorts of, at Sumatra, 309
by purchase in Malaya, 309
by purchase in Bengal, 315
Traces of fraternal, in China, 323
Term, in Persia, 331
in the past, present, and future, 341
Influence of money on the frequency of, 351
The age of election of, 352
Late, in France, 352
Disproportionate in France, 353
The future of, 354
by affection in the future, 358

Matriarchate in animals, 24
in bees, 24
and the maternal family, 202
Pecuniary, of the Touareg women, 328

Mecca, The concubinate in, 165

Melanesia, Adultery in, 209
The family in, 268

Menstruation and ovulation, 8

Mexico, Polygamy of the great in, 148
Monogamy of the people in, 149
The concubinate in ancient, 163
Monogamy in, 174
The paternal family in, 293
Adultery in, 215

Modesty, Genesis of, 56

Mongols, Polygamy of the, 133
The concubinate among the, 164
Monogamy among the, 182
Adultery among the, 216
Repudiation among the, 240
Divorce among the, 240
The family among the, 296

Monkeys, Polygamy of certain, 33
Monogamy in certain, 33
Polygamy of anthropomorphous, 33
Monogamy of, 33
Conjugal love of females amongst, 33

Monogamy of golden woodpeckers, 27
of the Illinois parrot, 27
of rapacious animals, 27
of anthropomorphous apes, 33
of certain apes, 42
in Polynesia, 129
dawning among the Battas, 133
dawning among the Redskins, 131
dawning among the aborigines of India, 133
Proletarian, obligatory in Peru, 149
of the populace in Mexico, 149
Primitive, 171
of inferior races, 171
Causes of, 171
Ideal of, 171
in Central America, 174
Administrative, in Peru, 174
in Mexico, 175
in ancient Egypt, 175
of the Touaregs and Abyssinians, 179
among the Mongols, 182
in Thibet, 182
in China, 185
and civilisation, 186
Hebraic and Aryan, 189
of superior races, 189
Hebrew, 189
Ideal, and in reality, 189
mitigated in India, 191
in the future, 357
Advantages of, according to A. Bertillon, 349

Montaigne, Origin of laws of conscience according to, 349

Morality, Variability of, 73
various amongst birds, 27

Morgan, L., Stages of the family according to, 347

Moses and rape in war, 93

_Mumbo Jumbo_, 128

Naïrs, Polyandry of, 80
Initiation in marriage among the, 80
The maternal family among the, 81
The avuncular family among the, 311
The family among the, 311
Rational polyandry of the, 312

Namaquois, Promiscuity of chiefs of the, 44

Natality, unregulated, among fishes, 24

Nature, the personification of natural forces, 5
Absence of design in, 34

_Nefir_, The, among the Djebel-Taggalé, 233

_Nemesia Eleonora_, Rearing of young with the, 22

Nests, Decorated, of humming-birds, 14

New Caledonia, Sodomy in, 62
Adultery in, 209
The levirate in, 263

Nightingale, Amorous song of, 14

_Noces, justes_, at Rome, 202

Nutrition the basis of generation, 3

Omahas, The family amongst the, 287

Paramœcia, Generation in the, 6

Parents, The power of, 105
Right of propriety of, over children, 106

Paris, Free marriages at, 169

Parrot, Conjugal fidelity of Illinois, 27

_Paterfamilias_ at Rome, 333

Paternity by suggestion in India, 333

_Patria Potestas_ at Rome, 337

Patriarchate among the animals, 21
Semitic, 325
in India, 332
at Rome, 337

Persia, Incest in ancient, 66
Polygamy in ancient, 150
The concubinate in ancient, 166
Adultery in, 220
The family in, 330
No clans in, 330
Incestuous endogamy in, 330
Term-marriage in, 331
Laws of succession in, 332

Peru, Sodomy in, 62
Proletarian monogamy obligatory in, 149
Concubinage in, 162
Administrative monogamy in, 174
Adultery in, 215
Divorce in ancient, 240
The paternal family among the Incas of, 293

Pigeons, Maternal love in, 30

_Pipa_, Paternal love in, 25

Polyandry does not exist in mammals, 31
Fraternal, of the ancient Arabs, 39, 73
and the sexual proportion of births, 74
and infanticide of girls, 76
and sale of girls, 76
has not been general, 76
The ethnography of, 77
of the ancient Britons, 77
of the Arabs, 77
of the Guanches, 77
of the New Zealanders, 77
of the Marquesas Islanders, 77
in America, 77
of the aborigines of India, 77
of the Hindoos, 77
at Ceylon, 78
Fraternal, in Thibet, 78
among the Todas, 80
of the Naïrs, 80
of Thibet and of Naïrs, 81
in ancient Arabia, 82
Causes of Arab, 84
Fraternal, in Arabia, 84
in general, 86
Matriarchal, 87
Patriarchal, 87
The evolution of, 88
and polygamy in Bhootan, 133
Feudal, in Malabar, 311
Rational, of the Naïrs, 312

Polygamy of gallinaceæ, 26
favoured by sociability, 31
of mammals, 32
of certain monkeys, 33
of anthropomorphous apes, 33
Primitive, 122
in Oceania, Africa, and America, 122
Causes restraining, 122
Object of, in New Caledonia, 123
and concubinage at Fiji, 124
the measure of wealth on the Zambesi, 125
Economic motives for, in Africa, 125
restrained by the dearness of women amongst the Bongos, 126
Excessive, in Central Africa, 127
in Polynesia, 129
of the Indians in South America, 130
among the Redskins, 131
a sign of wealth among the Redskins, 131
in Asia and in Europe, 132
and polyandry in Bhootan, 133
of the Vedic Aryans, 135
of the Gauls, 135
of the Germans, 135
Primitive, 136
Evolution of, 137
of civilised peoples, 138
The stage of, 138
Arab, 139
Islamism and, 139
Restrictions on, in the Koran, 140
Celestial, in the Koran, 142
in Egypt, in Mexico, and in Peru,148
and the subjection of women, 148
in Egypt, 148
of the great in Mexico, 148
in ancient Persia, 150
among the Vedic Aryans, 150
in Brahmanic India, 151
The evolution of, 152
Genesis of the instinct of, 155
may favour the growth of population, 349

Polynesia, Licentious morals of young girls in, 50
Licentious morals in, 59
Prostitution of girls in, 59
Leasing of wives in, 60
Freedom of women in, 60
Shameless language of the women in, 61
The Areoïs of, 61
Sodomy in, 61
Paternal right of infanticide in, 113
Polygamy in, 129
Monogamy in, 129
Adultery in, 212
The family in, 294
Genesis of paternal family in, 295
Adoption in, 296

Population, density of, in Attica, 198
Increase of, favoured sometimes by polygamy, 349

_Potestas_, The, of the father at Rome, 199

Prelibation, Right of, 48
The right of, and the right of conquest, 48

Prescience, Maternal, of insects, 22

Primogeniture, Right of, 333

Procreative instinct, Origin of, 9

Promiscuity among sociable animals, 26
of the _Icterus pecoris_, 26
among the mammals, 31
If there has been a stage of, 37
is the lowest form of sexual association, 38
rare amongst vertebrates, 38
is exceptional in humanity, 39
Case of human, 39
in the Troglodyte, 39
of the Agathyrses, 40
of the Anses, 41
of the ancient Irish, 41
of primitive Greeks, 42
in the _Timæus_, 42
Primitive, in China, 42
Primitive, in India, 42
of the Andamanites, 43
of the Indians of California, 43
of certain aborigines of India, 43
of the Zaporog Cossacks, 43
Religious, of the Ansarians, 43
of the Yazidies, 44
of the Namaquois chiefs, 44
Regulated, of the Kamilaroi, 44
No universal stage of, 44

Property, Right of, of parents over children, 106

Prostitution, Religious, in India, 46
Religious, at Babylon, 46
Religious, in the Akilisenus, 46
of young girls in Japan, 51
Dotal, in ancient Rome, 51
honourable in Tasmania, 57
of girls among the Andamanites, 58
of girls in Polynesia, 59
Religious, among the ancient Semites, 86
Evolution of, 155
in primitive Athens, 156
in Central America, 156
in Japan, 157
in Brahmanic India, 159
in Buddhist India, 159
in modern India, 159
in France in the Middle Ages, 160
and concubinage, 154

Pueblos, Marriages of love in the, 114
The clans of the, 277

Rapacious animals, Monogamy of, 27

Rape, 89
in Australia, 90
among the negroes of Africa, 92
The expiation of, in Australia, 91
in New Guinea, 91
among the Indians of America, 92
among the Tartars, 93
among the Hebrews, 93
in war, and Moses, 93
in war among the Celts, 93

Rearing of young among animals, 21
with the _Nemesia Eleonora_, 22

Redskins, Familial anthropophagy of the, 26
Sodomy among the, 62
Marriage by capture among the, 95
Right of protection of relations over women of, 114
Polygamy among the, 131
Sister wives among the, 131
Polygamy a sign of wealth among the, 132
Conjugal submission of women among the, 132
Monogamic tendencies among the, 130
Subjection of women among the, 132
Adultery among the, 213
Widowhood among the, 252
Rules of decency among the, 298
The levirate among the, 263
The _totems_ of the, 275
The clan among the, 275
The common house of the clan among the, 275
Duties of the clan among the, 275
Exogamy of the clan among the, 276
Marriage among the, 276
Inheritance among the, 275
The maternal family among the, 277
Communism in the clan of the, 278
The power of the women among the, 278
Subjection of woman among the, 283
The clan among the, 285
The family among the, 286
Familial nomenclature among the, 287
Adoption among the, 291
Incestuous marriages among the, 294
The evolution of the family among the, 292
Genesis of paternal filiation among the, 293

Repudiation and divorce, 228
in savage countries, 228
in New Caledonia, 229
among the Hottentots, 229
among the Redskins, 231
among the Esquimaux, 231
at Madagascar, 233
among the Djebel-Taggalé, 233
among the Touaregs, 234
among the Kabyles, 234
among the Arabs, 237
among the Mongols, 240
in China, 241
in India, 242
among the Hebrews, 242
in Greece, 243
at Rome, 244
among the Germans, 246
among the Scandinavians, 246
among the Tcherkesses, 246
in feudal France, 246

Rome, Loan of the wife in ancient, 53
Marriage by capture at, 100
The wife assimilated to a slave at, 104
Marriage by confarreation at, 120
Marriage by purchase at, 120
Marriage by _usus_ at, 120
Marriage by _coemption_ at, 120
Dotal marriage at, 120
The concubinate at, 166
Marriage in ancient, 198
Marriages of children at, 198
Relative liberty of the wife at, 198
The wife considered as a daughter of her husband at, 198
The _potestas_ of the father at, 199
The _manus_ of the husband at, 200
Dotal marriage at, 200
Marriage by _usus_ at, 201
Marriage by _coemptio_ at, 201
Marriage by _confarreatio_ at, 201
Loan of women at, 201
The evolution of marriage at, 201
The _jus connubii_ at, 202
The maternal family at, 202
The _spurii_ at, 202
Divorce at, 244
Repudiation at, 244
Widowhood at, 261
The _gens_ at, 335
The primitive clan at, 335
The patriarchate at, 337
The right of succession of the _gentiles_ at, 338
The evolution of the family at, 338
The evolution of marriage at, 357

Rut and love, 7
Sociologic importance of, 7
The madness of, 8
a sort of puberty, 8
among toads, 8
among mammals, 8
The physiological reason of, 9
and human love, 9
Moral position of, 17

Salmon, Battles of amorous, 11
Maternal love among, 24

Savages, Loan of the wife among, 52

Schopenhauer and his theory of love, 9

Scythians, Incest among the, 66

Seignor, Right of the, among the Kaffirs, in New Zealand and New
Mexico, etc., 47

Selection, Sexual, by females, 17

Semites, The family among the, 325
The patriarchate of the, 325

Senecas, The family among the Iroquois, 287

Sexes, Proportion of the, 75
The proportion of the, and infanticide, 75

Sociability often comes from weakness, 31
engenders altruism, 31
favourable to polygamy, 31

Sociology, Biological origin of, 3
The animal sources of, 10
The rhythms of, 355
The method of, 342

Sodomy among the Esquimaux, 58
in New Caledonia, 62
in New Zealand, 62
among the Redskins, 62
in Peru, 62
at Mecca, 63
in the East, 63
repressed by the Celts and the Germans, 63
in Greece, 63
in Crete, 63

Sparta, Gymnastic exercises of naked girls at, 195
Obligatory marriage at, 195
Adultery at, 322

Species, Preservation of, 20

Spiders, Maternal love of, 22

_Spurii_ at Rome, 202

Sticklebacks, Amorous battles of, 11

Suttees of widows in India, 257

Suttees, Indian, in the time of Alexander, 257
in modern times, 258

Succession, Customs of, among the Redskins, 277, 278
Laws of, among the Kabyles, 329
Laws of, in Persia, 331
The right of, of the _gentiles_ at Rome, 338
Laws of, among the Germans, 339

Tamils, The family among the, 296
The maternal family among the, 334

Tasmania, Honourable prostitution in,57

Tatoways, Coupling of the, 16

_Tchin-than_, Cambodian, 49

Termites, Republics of, 3

_Tetras phasaniellus_, Amorous parades of, 13

_Tetras umbellus_, Amorous combats of, 13

_Tetras urogallus_, Amorous battles of, 12

Thibet, Polyandry in, 78
Civil marriage in, 182
Monogamy in, 182
Adultery in, 216
Divorce in, 240
Widowhood in, 254

Toads, Paternal love of, 25

Todas, Polyandry among the, 80

_Totem_, The, among the Kamilaroi of Australia, 273
of the Redskins, 275

Touaregs, Paternal right redeemed by prostitution among the, 118
Monogamy among the, 179
Maternal filiation among the, 179
Independence of woman among the, 179
Pretended gynecocracy of, 181
Repudiation among the, 234
The pecuniary matriarchate of the women, 328

Tournaments, Æsthetic, of birds, 13

Troglodytes, Promiscuity among the, 39

Turkeys, League of female, against the males, 30

_Usus_ at Rome, 200

Vertebrates, Coquetry among the, 10
Strength greater in males among the, 15
Law of battle among the, 16
Promiscuity rare among the, 38

Virginity among the Hebrews, 190

Weaver bird, Amorous music of, 15

Widowhood and the levirate, 249
in savage countries, 249
Societies without, 250
among the Hottentots, 250
at the Gaboon, 250
in equatorial Africa, 250
at Madagascar, 251
in Central America, 251
among the Redskins, 252
in Bhootan, 254
in Thibet, 254
in China, 255
of brides in China, 255
in India, 256
in the Koran, 259
in the Bible, 259
in Afghanistan, 260
among the Kabyles, 260
among the Arabs, 260
at Athens, 261
at Rome, 261
among the Germans, 262
among the Lombards, 262
in general, 265

Widows, Right of, at Kouranko, 112
Immolation of, 253
Suicides of, in China, 255
Suttees of, in India, 257

Wives, Loan of, in America, 52
Loan of, among the Esquimaux, 52
Loan of, 52
Loan of, among the Redskins, 52
Loan of, among the Arabs, 53
Loan of, in antique Greece, 53
Loan of, in antique Rome, 53
Loan of, in Australia, 57
Loan of, among Bushmen, 58
Lease of, among the Esquimaux, 58
Lease of, in Polynesia, 60
Community of, among Arabs, 84
Assimilated to slaves at Rome, 104
Right of refusal of the, among the Moors of Senegambia, 112
Subjection of, 105
Food in reserve in Melanesia, 106
Seizure of, in Australia, 123
Servility of, in Africa, 126
the “oxen” of the husband, among Kaffirs, 128
Labour of, among the Guaranis, 130
Sister, among the Redskins, 131
Conjugal submission of Redskin, 132
Subjection of, by Redskins, 132
Sisters, in Bhootan, 133
Sisters, among the Ostiaks, 133
Purchase of, in the Koran, 141
Rights of the, in Mussulman marriage, 144
Subjection of, in Kabylie, 145
Loan of jewels to the Kabyle, 146
Price of the, tariffed in Kabylie, 146
Kabyle, is a thing possessed, 146
Fate of the Kabyle, 147
Independence of Touareg, 149
considered as daughters of husband at Rome, 199
Loan of, at Rome, 201
Christian subjection of, 205
Independence of, among the Saxons of England, 205
Subjection of, among the Germans, 204
Kabyle, have “right of insurrection,” 236
Power of, among Redskins, 280
Subjection of, among Redskins, 282

Women, Freedom of, in Polynesia, 60
Shameless language of, in Polynesia, 61
Shamelessness of, in Africa, 127
Inferiority of, in the Koran, 140
Dissolute morals of, in Abyssinia, 181
Submission of, in China, 185
Emancipated by money, 187
Virtuous, of Proverbs, 190
Inferiority of, in India, 191
Subjection of, in India, 192
Subjection of, in primitive Greece, 194
Subjection of, in Greece, 195
Relative liberty of, in Rome, 198

Yazidies, Promiscuity of, 44

Young girls, Licentious manners of, in Australia, 50
Licentious manners of, in Polynesia, 50
Licentious manners of, in savage countries, 50

Zaporogs, Promiscuity of, 43

THE WALTER SCOTT PRESS, NEWCASTLE-ON-TYNE.

Transcriber’s Notes

Obvious errors in punctuation, accents and spacing have been corrected.

The original table of contents was missing V. The Evolution of the System of Kinship by Classes. in Chapter XVII. This has been added and The Clan and the Family. has been renumbered to VI.

Page 2: “terrestial animals” changed to “terrestrial animals”

Page 12: In the footnote, “_Scènes de la Nature dans les Etats Unis_” changed to “_Scènes de la Nature dans les États-Unis_”

Page 29: “Amor ch’a null’” changed to “Amor ch’a nullo”

Page 32: “Asaitic _antilope saiga_” changed to “Asiatic _antilope saiga_”

Page 43: In the footnote, “_Bemark. über Russland_” changed to “_Bemerk. über Russland_”

Page 44: In the footnote, “_Les Bédouins ou Arabes du Desert_” changed to “_Les Bédouins ou Arabes du Désert_”

Page 50: “aux iles” changed to “aux îles”

Page 67: “to deflour their daughters” changed to “to deflower their daughters”

Page 83: “the noses and ears” changed to “the nose and ears”

Page 96: “the husband captured slaves” changed to “the husband of captured slaves”

Page 100: “without confarrearation” changed to “without confarreation”

Page 116: In the footnote, “_Journal d’un interprète en China_” changed to “_Journal d’un interprète en Chine_”

Page 122: “sociable of amimals” changed to “sociable of animals”

Page 125: In the footnote, “_Voy. dans l’Afrique equatoriale_” changed to “ _Voy. dans l’Afrique équatoriale_”

Page 143: “all that that concerns marriage” changed to “all that concerns marriage” “hands of the women” changed to “hands of the woman”

Page 164: “has precedence and rule over them” changed to “has precedence and rules over them” In the footnote on this and the subsequent page, _L’Empire Chinoise_ changed to “_L’Empire Chinois_”

Page 171: “monogamy and pologamy” changed to “monogamy and polygamy”

Page 174: “Déserts du Nouvean Monde” changed to “Déserts du Nouveau Monde”

Page 179: “Duveyrier, 339-430” changed to “Duveyrier, 339-340”

Page 184: A missing footnote anchor was added after “law from inheritance,”

Page 200: In the footnote, “Stychus” changed to “Stichus”

Page 201: “Tahitan marriage” changed to “Tahitian marriage” and “at the time _enciente_” changed to “at the time _enceinte_”

Page 219: A missing footnote anchor was added after “rose-water duels.”

Page 228: “In Abyssinia, at Haïti” changed to “In Abyssinia, at Hayti”

Page 246: “among the Teherkesses” changed to “among the Tcherkesses”

Page 254: In the footnote, “Revue Brittanique” changed to “Revue Britannique” and “Morcroft and Trebeck’s” changed to “Moorcroft and Trebeck’s”

Page 256: In the footnote, “_Chine et les Puissances Chretiennes_” changed to “_La Chine et les Puissances Chrétiennes_”

Page 292: In the footnote, “Völker des Russichen” changed to “Völker des Russischen”

Page 298: “of the Himalayah” changed to “of the Himalaya”

Page 314: “The Michmis buy their wives” changed to “The Mishmis buy their wives”

Page 315: “The Ooraons share” changed to “The Oraons share”

Page 328: “In Kabylie, however” changed to “In Kabyle, however”

Page 329: “for woman there remains” changed to “for women there remains”

Page 334: “_l’Ile de Ceylon_” changed to “_l’Île de Ceylan_”

Page 349, 351 & 352: In the footnote, “Article, “Marriage”” changed to “Article, “Mariage””

A few minor adjustments were made to the index to match the spelling and page numbers in the rest of the text.

The spelling of MacLennan, author of _Primitive Marriage_, was corrected to McLennon.

The spelling of Moerenhaut, author of _Voy. aux îles_, was corrected to Moerenhout.

The spelling of Shortt, author of _Trans. Ethn. Soc._, was corrected to Schortt.