Chapter IV: Part 4

Wash your head first with whiskey, then apply the hair oil freely, pour it on the head gently and rub with the hand or stiff brush. For children only use the hair oil. To remove the dandruff, comb the head well with a fine comb, do this every time you use the preparation. This oil should be applied twice a week, which will loosen the dandruff so that it may be easily removed. A great and valuable discovery for the hair and head, two or three applications of which will remove every particle of dandruff, purify the skin and prevent the hair from coming out, giving new life and vigor to every hair on the head, and changing light or sandy hair to a beautiful dark lustre; also curing dizzy or nervous headache. No one should be without this valuable preparation, especially those who are subject to dandruff eruptions of the skin, falling off of the hair, dizzy or nervous headache. If it should make the head tender, only use half the tincture of cantharides. The alcohol must be strictly 95 per cent.--you can add hartshorn if not strong enough, also bergamot for perfume to suit. It is good for tetter on the head. Every ingredient can be had at almost any of the drug stores.

TO RESTORE THE HAIR IN BALDNESS.

Take of cold pressed castor oil 2 ounces, tincture of cantharides ½ ounce, acetic acid ½ ounce, strong water of amonia 1½ ounces, oil of nutmegs ½ drachm, oil of lavender ½ drachm, put this in a bottle, make into a lotion, when it will be ready for use.

DIRECTIONS FOR USE.

The head should be perfectly cleaned of all dirt and dandruff, with castile soap and warm water, and the lotion applied freely and rubbed in with a stiff hair brush once a day; in a week or two its good effects will be manifested. This is the best preparation for baldness yet introduced--give it a fair trial and you will not be disappointed. The drugs of this preparation can be had at any of the drug stores.

TOOTHACHE BALSAM.

Take of creosote 1 drachm, oil of cloves 1 drachm, tincture of camphor 2 drachms, oil of petroleum 2 drachms, mix them thoroughly and cork tight for use. A few drops of this mixture on cotton and applied to the nerve of the tooth will relieve the pain.

TOOTH POWDER.

Take of supercarbonate of soda 1 ounce, pulverized orris root ½ an ounce, cream of tartar ½ ounce, oil of roses 10 drops, mix them properly. This may be used with the finger, rag or soft tooth brush.

ANOTHER TOOTH POWDER.

Carbonate of magnesia any quantity, perfumed with the oil of cinnamon or neroli. This is the best tooth powder for children--the teeth should always be cleaned after eating, if you wish to keep the breath sweet.

COLOGNE WATER No. 1.

Take of oil of bergamot 1 ounce, oil of lavender ½ ounce, oil of neroli 1 drachm, oil of roses 15 drops, oil of cloves 30 drops, new milk 1 pint, pure alcohol 1 gallon, digest 1 day and filter through close flannel several times.

COLOGNE WATER No. 2.

Take of oil of bergamot 1 ounce, oil of lemon 1 ounce, oil of lavender 3 ounces, tincture of muck 1 drachm, pure alcohol 7 pints, rose water 1 pint, gum camphor 20 grains, mix and digest 1 day and filter--cork up tight for use.

COLOGNE WATER No. 3.

Take oil of roses 5 drops, oil of bergamot 1 ounce, oil of lemon 1 ounce, oil of lavender 2½ ounces, oil of rosemary ½ ounce, oil of cinnamon 10 drops, pure alcohol 7 pints, new milk 1 pint. Let the mixture stand one day and filter. All preparations of cologne should be kept closely stopped, otherwise they will lose their fine flavor.

TOOTHACHE DROPS.

Take of 95 per cent. alcohol 1 pint, oil of origanum 2 ounces, gum camphor 2 ounces, tartaric acid ½ ounce. Digest 1 day and mix well, when it will be ready for use--cork up tight.--A few drops of this mixture on cotton applied to the nerve, and the gums well rubbed with it will soon relieve the pain. This is harmless and pleasant. If you cannot get any cotton to the nerve, bathe the tooth and gums well with it.

FOR DYSPEPSIA.

Take of 1½ pounds of white mustard seed from 1 tea spoonful to 1 table spoonful, between meals--the whole seeds in cold water.

TO PRESERVE BUTTER No. 1.

Take saltpetre and loaf sugar of an equal proportion and make a liquid. After packing the butter in a jar or sweet keg, pour over enough of the liquid to cover the butter an inch or two. If you should wish to re-pack the butter, pour off the liquid, which if sweet, may be used again when you have done packing.

TO PRESERVE BUTTER No. 2.

Reduce separately to a fine powder, in a dry mortar, 2 pounds of the best common salt, 1 pound of saltpetre and 1 pound of loaf sugar; sift one of them over the other on a sheet of paper, then mix them well together and they are ready for use. 1 ounce of the preparation is enough, to a pound of butter, and if well worked in will preserve it sweet for three years. This is worth giving a trial.

TO PICKEL CUCUMBERS.

Let your cucumbers be small, fresh gathered and free from spots; then make a pickel of salt and water, strong enough to bear up an egg; boil the pickel in a copper kettle if convenient; and skim it well; then pour it upon the cucumbers and tie them down for 24 hours, strain out through a colander and dry off well with a cloth.

Take the best wine or cider vinegar, cloves, mace, nutmegs, pepper and race ginger, boil them together and put the cucumbers in with a little salt, as soon as they begin to turn their color, put them into jars, crocks or tight barrels; when cold tie on a bladder or leather. This is excellent and worthy attention.

SOFT GINGER BREAD.

Four cups of molasses, 2 of butter, 2 of milk, eight eggs, two teaspoonsful of pearlash, ginger, and sufficient flour to make it stiff as pound cake.

TO PRESERVE PEACHES.

Take ripe free stone peaches--pare, stone and quarter them; to six pounds of the cut peaches allow three pounds of the best brown sugar; stew the sugar and peaches together, and set them away in a covered vessel; next morning put them into a preserving kettle and boil it slowly about an hour and three quarters, skimming it well.

TO PRESERVE PLUMBS, &c.

A pound of sugar to a pound of fruit; the sugar should be melted over a fire, moderate enough not to scorch it when melted. It should be skimmed clean and the fruit dropped in to simmer until it is soft. Put them in jars and cover carefully from the air. Glass is much better than earthen for preserves--they are not so apt to ferment.

SOAP TO TAKE GREASE OUT OF CLOTH, SATINS, SILKS, &c.

Take 4 pounds of white bar soap, 1½ pints 95 per cent. alcohol, 1½ ounces of nitric acid, 2 do. of saltpetre, 2 ounces soda, ¾ ounce camphor; cut the bar soap into thin shavings, put all the above ingredients in a crock, then boil over a slow fire, with very little blaze; pulverize your camphor as fine as possible and when all is properly dissolved, which will take 1 hour or so then take the pot off the fire and when cooled add 1½ ounces spirits of amonia, pour in slowly stirring all the time; should it catch on fire smother it with a cover or by throwing a cloth over the pot. Stir while boiling, and scent with ½ ounce of oil of cinnamon. This will remove grease spots from cloth, silks, &c., by taking a tooth brush--dip into water and make a lather with the soap, rub the grease spot well with the brush and lather, then wash it out twice in cold water, rinsing and squeezing the soap out as clean as possible--let it be clean water each time. This will take grease, paint, tar, oil, &c., out of any kind of goods when properly applied. By pouring it in a flat pan you can cut your soap into cakes of any size.

SOAP FOR GREASE, TAR, PAINT, &c.

Take 1 quart 95 per cent. alcohol, 2¾ pounds best home made soap; cut the soap into thin shavings, then put the soap and alcohol into a pan or vessel over a slow fire, and let all dissolve before it boils; when dissolved boil a few minutes, then pour the soap into a pan, and when cooled off cut into cakes. This preparation is excellent for washing dirty clothes and will not require near the labor that the common soap does. For cloth, silks, &c., you may take less soap. It may be used in the same manner directed for the other soap.

REMEDY FOR ITCH No. 1

Take broad dock roots and lard sufficient to form a mixture, boil it until it forms a salve.--Bury the salve in the ground for 24 hours, then grease 2 or 3 times every evening before going to bed, dry in by the stove and shift the clothes. It never fails. Take sulphor of brimstone several days before applying the salve. This plant is not the burdock nor the narrowdock, which it resembles, except that the leaves of the broad dock are broader and the stocks do not grow near so high.

REMEDY FOR ITCH No. 2.

Take 4 ounces of venice turpentine, 4 ounces of red precipitate, 1 pound of unwashed butter. The turpentine must be washed 9 times in fresh spring water, then mix all the ingredients thoroughly. Apply several times of an evening before going to bed and dry in at the stove, after which put on clean clothes. Avoid getting wet while using this salve. Take sulphor and cream of tartar 2 or 3 days before applying.

REMEDY FOR ITCH No. 3.

Take narrow dock and grate it, then add sweet milk or cream and fry them together and grease with it 3 or 4 times every evening, drying in at the stove, then dress with clean clothes. Take ½ tea spoonful of sulphor twice a day several days before and after. This is a certain cure.

PILLS BY DR. W. B. YOUNG.

Take calomel, jalap, aloes and rhubarb, equal portions, mix all together and add a little water at a time, and mix until you cannot see the calomel grains, roll in powdered helebore or epicac. Dose from 1 to 3 pills once a day in the evening. Roll the mixture out in rolls and cut up to make the regular sizes. These are an excellent domestic pill.

FRENCH PATENT OIL VARNISH.

For Boots, Shoes, Harness and Carriages:--Take 1 gallon alcohol, 1¼ pounds gum shellac, 8 ounces of white turpentine, 4 ounces of rosin, 4 ounces of venice turpentine, 4 ounces oil of lavender, 1 ounce lamp black to color with; put the gum shellac and alcohol into a jug and shake, let it stand a day or two to dissolve, then add the other ingredients and shake well until all is dissolved, when it is ready for use. In applying this polish use a sponge or brush, lightly and briskly, and it will make a beautiful polish. It will render leather water proof, but if used regularly a small quantity of oil should be applied occasionally.

COX’S HIVE SYRUP.

Take of bruised squills 10 drachms, seneca snake root 10 drachms; add the squills and snake root to 1 pint of water that has been first boiled, settled and poured off and simmer slowly until you have but half a pint of water, then strain it off and add clarified sugar 1 pound, and simmer until all are well mixed, then add tartar emetic 22 grains, salts of tartar 22 grains, stir and mix properly while the fluid is warm, stop it up tight for use. This syrup is good in coughs, croup or bad colds in children, in 10 or 15 drop doses--no family should do without it one day. If you do not wish to be troubled making it, buy some and always keep it in your house. It is a sure and safe remedy for croup, in which little larger doses should be administered often until it vomits pretty freely--continue with the syrup until the tightness is broken, then use occasionally, not enough to vomit so often. By keeping this remedy at hand you may save some one of your family, and a large amount of trouble and expense. In croup put a mustard plaster on the breast and throat immediately, as no time is to be lost. Mustard plaster is made with ground mustard and wheat flour equal parts; mix them together and wet with warm vinegar, greasing the throat and breast with turpentine or good liniment; putting flannel around the neck is very good.--Young parents should be on their guard when not acquainted with the disease.

DOMESTIC COUGH SYRUP.

Take of cumfrey root one ounce, elecampane root 1 ounce, nettle root 1 ounce, hoarhound leaves 1 ounce, spikenard root ½ ounce, pulverize all fine and boil them in a quart of water down to a pint, strain the liquor off and when settled pour off again; add to it 1 pint of strained honey, and simmer down slowly to a pint and a half; add to it scant ½ ounce juice of indian turnip; take a green turnip and beat and squeeze the juice out, add to the syrup when milk warm; if put in while hot it will lose its medical properties. A table spoonful or less may be taken from 4 to 6 times a day, in cases of bad cough, it is healing and strengthening to the lungs; it may be made with or without the indian turnip juice. The indian turnip is an excellent of itself.

GREAT SALVE FOR WOUNDS, &c.

Take 1 pound sheep tallow, 1 pound beeswax, ½ pound rosin elder inside bark, 1 pound balm of gillead leaves or flowers, put into a pan and fry over a slow fire to a salve, spread thin on a linen rag and apply 2 or 3 times a day.

SODA POWDERS.

To make these powders put 1 tea spoonful of carbonate of soda into a glass nearly half full of water, and ½ tea spoonful of tartaric acid in the other, and add enough sugar and lemon syrup or lemon juice to suit the taste; stir and dissolve the powders and sugar, then pour one into the other and drink while effervescing. This is a very pleasant and cooling drink.

PATENT BLACK JAPAN.

For iron or wood carriages, &c. Take 1 gallon of turpentine, 2¼ pounds asphaltum, put them into an iron pot over a charcoal fire and let remain until dissolved, then strain it--if it becomes too thick when cold add spirits of turpentine. For wood or canvass add while hot, to every gallon 1 pint of copal varnish and ½ pint of linseed oil. This is a good and cheap paint or varnish, used by a great many coach-makers, blacksmiths, &c.

TO MAKE SOFT SOAP.

Take 10 pounds of common yellow or rosin soap, such as is purchased here for 4 or 6 cents per pound, 6 pounds sal-soda, 10 gallons soft or rain water; cut the soap into small thin pieces and put the whole over a fire, bring the water nearly to a boiling point and allow it to remain at that temperature until the soap is thoroughly dissolved; it may then be taken off. If the soap made with these ingredients is found to be too strong add cold water until it becomes of the proper consistency and strength.

FURNITURE POLISH.

Take ¼ pound beeswax, separate into shavings, put in a pan and add ½ gallon of spirits of turpentine and 1 pint linseed oil; let it remain for 12 hours, then stir it well with a stick into a liquid; while stirring add ¼ pound shellac varnish and 1 ounce alkinet root. Put this mixture into a gallon jar and stand it before a fire or in an oven for a week, just to keep it warm, shaking it up 3 or 4 times a day, then strain it through a hair sieve or fine flannel. In using pour a tea spoonful on a wad of baize or flannel, and go lightly over the face or other parts of the mahogany furniture, then apply a similar dry wad briskly and in three minutes it will produce a dark brilliant polish, unequalled and of great value. The shellac varnish is made by taking ¼ pound good gum shellac and pouring alcohol enough over to dissolve it, say as much as to cover the shellac.

ESSENCE OF LEMON.

Take 1 pint alcohol, ½ ounce of oil of lemon, color with tincture of tamarisk. To make these essences for family use you should take 95 per cent. alcohol and the quantity of oil named in the receipt, which will save you three hundred per cent. paying you for your labor. If you wish to make a pint, get a glass bottle that will hold a little more than a pint and put your alcohol and oil in, shake and mix them well, then color to suit.

To make 1 gallon of the essences for sale, take 1 gallon of common alcohol and 2 ounces of the oil--color as in the others.

ESSENCE OF PEPPERMINT.

Take 1 pint alcohol, ½ ounce of oil of peppermint, and if you wish it colored add in small quantities the tincture of tamarisk, stirring it, until you have the color to suit your taste. This is excellent for cramp colic in man or horse.

EYE WATER.

Take 40 grains sulphate of zinc to ½ pint of warm soft water, shake until well dissolved and cork up tightly. In using pour out about 1 tea spoonful into a cup and bathe the eyes with it. Never use by dipping your finger into the bottle, but pour a small quantity out into a vessel of some kind. This is the best eye water yet introduced and will be certain to relieve the inflamed eye. Try it and its efficacy will soon be manifested. Always bathe the eye of an evening, just before going to bed--if it is used during the day you should keep out of the air. If too strong add a little water. The cost of this preparation is but 6¼ cents, and cannot be surpassed.

ESSENCE OF CINNAMON.

Take 1 pint of alcohol, ½ ounce of oil of cinnamon, color with the tincture of red sanders, and mix as above. This is excellent in diarrhœa, summer complaints or looseness of the bowels.

CERTAIN CURE FOR FELON.

We have known instances of the most intense suffering, neither rest by day or sleep at night, in which this process has effected cures. As soon as it becomes apparent that a felon is making its appearance, which is known by a constant soreness and pain proceeding from the bone, take a strong cord of any kind and wrap it about the afflicted part, as tightly as can be borne; keep it in this condition until the pain can be endured no longer. Now loose the cords and soon as the pain, caused by the cording subsides, tighten it again. Continue this for several days or until the felon is completely blackened and killed.--We have known several persons who have been afflicted with felons to try this remedy with success--in fact we have never known it to fail. The cording stops the circulation and then the sore has nothing to feed upon, when it soon dies of starvation. We have faith in this remedy, even after a felon has made considerable progress. If the felon has commenced at the bone the sooner you have it cut the better; there is no application that will burst or open the skin that is next to the bone, it should be cut if the above remedy fails.--_Clipper._

CURE FOR BRONCHITIS.

Croton oil it is said will entirely remove this complaint. A minister of the gospel who had been laid aside from his pastoral office by the bronchitis, for three years, has entirely recovered his voice by the application of croton oil to the surface of the throat, against the organ affected, one drop daily rubbed over the surface produced a singular but powerful eruption of the skin, which as it progressed restored his voice to its full tone and vigor.

RECEIPT FOR HOGS.

That have lost their appetite. Put urine in the slop, or when you can conveniently, urinate in the trough as you pass along. This is excellent, but a small quantity of ashes put in their slop cannot be surpassed for restoring the appetite, and also very good for the kidneys, worms, &c. Give it a trial and be convinced of its efficacy.

GREASE FOR CARRIAGES, &c.

Take 1 pound of beeswax, ½ pint of lamp black, mix well while hot, and when cooling off, add oil until it becomes of a proper consistency. In the winter season add more oil. This makes a lasting grease, which cannot be surpassed for carriages, &c.

FOR PLAGUE BLISTER.

Take sassafras leaves and dip them in warm water, then take castile soap and make a thick lather, and apply with a soft brush as far as the sore or inflammation extends, then apply the sassafras leaves, warm 3 or 4 thick, tie it up loosely, renew every 8 hours. This cannot be surpassed for inflammation of this nature. Give it a trial and its effects will soon be felt. Use none but castile soap.

The following certificate attests the value of this simple cure:--

MIDDLETOWN Frederick Co., Md.
June 5th, 1852.

_To all whom it may concern, greeting_:--

I hereby certify, that some time in March, 1847, my wife was
afflicted with a pain and swelling in her arm, which proved
extremely painful, and appeared to be contracting the arm,
leaving a red or purple streak as far as the swelling extended.
As some three or four of my children were then lying sick with
scarlet fever, also a negro girl, several physicians were sent
for to attend them, who were consulted in relation to my wife.
Some pronounced it the hysterics, others attempted to effect a
cure, but all in vain; at length it was pronounced a pest or
plague blister and very dangerous. The person who informed me
what it was, recommended me to Mr. J. D. Koogle for a cure. Mr.
Koogle came and applied poultices, which in an hour or two
after the first application relieved her so much as to enable
her to sleep, which she had not done for ten or twelve days.
Previous to this the physicians recommended every thing that
had a tendency to induce sleep without avail. Nothing could
ease her pain so as to enable her to sleep. She continued the
poultices recommended by Mr. Koogle until finally relieved,
though they left the hand and part of the arm perfectly
hollow--nothing but skin, bone and sinew--yet the parts are
now entirely healed and as full as usual, without any other
application.

Yours, &c.

JACOB T. C. MILLER.

RECEIPT FOR HUMORS OR BREAKING OUT ON CHILDREN.

Take wheat flour and put into a hot stove, roast it to a brown color, stir and mix it while browning. In using sprinkle on the sore--it scarcely ever fails to heal after all other remedies have failed. The sores should not be dried up too suddenly, and particularly when it is a general breaking out over the face, hands, &c.

CERTAIN CURE FOR BITE OF A SNAKE.

Drink as much whiskey as you can. It will do no harm and is a certain cure--use it immediately after the bite.

CURE FOR THE BITE OF A MAD DOG.

Take of elecampane root 1½ ounces, cut it fine or pulverize if you can, then boil it in one pint of new milk down to a quarter of a pint. Take this in the morning fasting, and eat no food till 4 o’clock in the afternoon. It should be taken every other morning--the two last doses must weigh 2 ounces each. This may be used several times a day.

CLAY POULTICE FOR MAN OR HORSE.

Take of yellow clay any quantity, and add vinegar enough to form a poultice, apply it cold. To a sprained joint it gives very speedy relief, often cures in one night. This cannot be surpassed for a fresh sprain on horses.

DOMESTIC TONIC.

Yellow poplar bark, dogwood bark, wild cherry bark, 1 ounce of each; pulverize fine, and add to them 1 quart of whiskey, shake the bottle and let it stand one week. A table spoonful in water three times a day is a dose in cases of debility after fevers.

OINTMENT FOR SCROFULUS ULCERS.

Take of basilicon ointment 1 ounce, venice turpentine ½ oz., pulverized verdigris 2 drachms, beef gall ½ ounce, mix them perfectly over a slow fire. Dress the sores twice a day--do not wet them but wipe them clean with a soft rag.

GREEN OINTMENT.

Take basilicon ointment ½ pound, finely pulverized¾ verdigris ½ ounce; melt the basilicon slowly and add the verdigris, stirring until it is well mixed. This is a good dressing for old sores and ring worms on the head or face.

TINCTURE OF PEACH KERNELS.

Take ½ pint of peach kernels, bruise them and add one quart of whiskey. Take a table spoonful three times a day. This often cures gravel in the form of sand or fine gravel in the bladder. We have known the patient to pass off gravel in large quantities while using this remedy.

FOR TRANSPLANTING TREES.

That are flagging or drooping, or looking as if they were going to say good bye. First reduce the top litter, or if needed a good deal, it may be that there is more top to exhaust than root to supply; then loosen the soil and water if dry, and lastly mulch the ground as far as the roots extend. This you may do by covering it with three or four inches of straw. Litter tan bark or something of that sort to keep the roots cool and moist, so as to cause them into new growth. Watering a transplanted tree every day, letting the surface dry hard with the sun and wind, is too much like basting a joint of meat before the kitchen fire to be looked upon as decent treatment, for any thing living when you water do it after the sun sets. If you find your fruit trees barren from too great running to wood, (about the first of June is the time) clip or pinch off the ends of the side shoots, so as to expend its substance in making buds instead of wasting all the sap in over growth.

HOW TO KEEP APPLES.

Spread on the floor oats to the depth of about two inches; the oats should be good and properly cured, and then place your apples side by side on the oats until they are covered over with them. Then cover your apples again, and continue laying a course of apples and oats until you have finished your crop. If they are properly put up they will keep better in this way than any other way. Farmer try it and convince yourself.

DOMESTIC YEAST.

Boil 1 pound of good flour, ¼ pound of brown sugar and a little salt with two gallons of water for one hour. When milk warm bottle it and cork close; it will be fit for use in 24 hours; 1 pound yeast will make 18 pounds of bread.

COMPOST TO PREVENT CROWS AND INSECTS FROM TAKING CORN.

Take from 1 to 2 pounds sulphor brimstone mixed with plaster and ashes, and a handful scattered on to the corn as it peeps out of the ground will be sufficient to protect an acre from their ravages. Brimstone is a good manure on all soil that does not abound in it.

HOW TO DESTROY LICE OR VERMIN ON CHICKENS.

Place among the sand and dust that the hens dust themselves in ½ pound black sulphor and also sprinkle some lime in and mix. This will keep them off and give them a glossy appearance. If infested with these insects dampen the skin under the feathers with a little water, then sprinkle a little black sulphor on the skin, and in 12 hours they will all disappear. Also, previous to setting a hen, if the nest be slightly sprinkled with the sulphor there, is no danger of the hen becoming annoyed by them.

WORTH KNOWING.

One pound of green copperas, costing 6 cents, dissolved in 1 quart of water, and poured down a privy, will effectually destroy the foulest smells; for water closets aboard ships and steamboats, or for rats, mice, &c., keep it dissolved near the place and in a few days it will all disappear. About hotels and other public places, there is nothing so nice to cleanse places as simple green copperas dissolved under the bed in any thing that will hold water, and thus render a hospital and other places for the sick free from unpleasant smells. For butchers’ stalls, fish markets, slaughter houses, sinks and wherever there are offensive and putrid gasses, dissolve copperas and sprinkle it about, and in a few days the smell will pass away.

APPENDIX.

INFORMATION HOW TO TREAT DANGEROUS DISEASES.

There are several diseases which are very dangerous and run their course in a very short time, and prove fatal if they are not properly treated or arrested before they become firmly seated. I would here urge upon every owner of horses, (and in fact every disease which this work treats on,) to pay strict attention to it. In many diseases, what you can do must be done at once or not at all--the old saying is ‘a stitch in time saves nine,’ and there is a great deal of truth in this, in many diseases.

I would here urge upon you the importance of glystering in certain diseases. In the Wind Colic and also in the Spasmodic Colic, as soon as you ascertain what the disease is and not before. The truth of the matter is that no man has any right to give any medicine until he is certain what the disease is. Give the medicine and course of treatment prescribed in the disease then quickly follow with injections. If you have neglected to prepare yourself for glystering, back-rake with your hand--this is done by greasing the hand and arm with lard or oil and introduce it as far as you can. The glystering or back-raking never does any harm but always assists in relieving. Every owner of horses should prepare himself with several large beef or hog bladders, a few elders with the pith punched or burnt out, and by so doing you are prepared at any time to give an injection. This may be done by cutting a notch around the one end of the elder, then fill your bladder with soap suds or oil, next tie the bladder on the end of the elder you have notched, firmly, and introduce the elder into the fundament, and then you can force the suds into the fundament easily by pressing on the bladder. You should in all cases where there is great danger of losing your horse, give injections and continue to repeat them until they operate. There are many cases in colics that the horse is bound or corked, this can be perceived by the horse trying frequently or straining to dung; when this does occur it is very dangerous and you must in these cases give large doses of aloes and glyster freely, repeating until you get it to operate. If you fail to get an operation you will lose your horse. Preparation for glystering: Take warm water and make a suds with soap, add thereto epsom salts, and in some cases you may add ½ oz. aloes. Fish oil is a very good article of itself; from a pint to a quart for one injection. I have known 1 pint of fish oil to be given as a drench in colic, and has relieved where all other remedies have failed.

I will here state that there are more horses killed by medicine improperly given than ever was cured. For this reason, the great majority of owners of horses and in fact a great many farriers who pretend to know, do not know what the disease is, and next is a dose of medicine and perhaps in less than half an hour the horse drops down dead, and why, because in many cases the medicine given for the disease, is the dose that poisons or kills him, from the fact that he was mistaken in the disease, or given medicine for one disease when it was another. Therefore, I here again assert that no man has any right to give medicine until he fully ascertains what the disease is. This he can easily get at if he will pay some attention to the symptoms which are so plainly described in this work. As soon as your horse commences to complain, watch him closely and you will find him to point out to you plainly what the disease is, and you will find the horse to point it out to a hair’s breadth as I have described it to you.

Why is it that men will toil and labor hard through the summer’s heat, and expose themselves to the extreme cold in winter, and at the end of the year perhaps, will lose more in horse flesh than they have made. Millions of dollars are lost yearly in horses and a great part of it for the want of carefulness and paying some attention to the diseases of the horse, which costs no man any hard labor or exposure. Let me urge upon you the importance of reading this work over again and again, paying attention to it as you peruse it over, and you will find it gives you such information as each and every person should have for his own interest. I will here state that an ounce of preventative is a great deal better than a pound of cure. Many diseases might be prevented by being cautious in their treatment to horses and keeping them in a healthy condition. This should be done by using the celebrated horse powders on page 60, twice a year, fall and spring. Say you feed from 1 to 1½ pounds to each horse, each time, fall and spring. If you adopt this once you will never depart from it afterward, as you will find it to be a preventative of diseases and will find so much improvement in your stock that you will not depart from it. Every man that has a horse should habit himself to sprinkle a little salt on the feed every time he feeds his horse. The salt is nourishing and is just as much needed in the horse’s food every meal as it is needed on the food that a man eats.

The Inflammation of the Lungs is another dangerous disease. It is becoming to be a common disease among horses, and carries off its thousands, simply because it is at first a sneaking disease; the farmer and owner thinks very little of it when it first makes its appearance, and the truth is there are very few persons who know anything about the disease, and if it is suffered to run over the third day, you might as well take the horse out where you want him to die; yet, with all its danger and certainty of death if neglected, there is not a disease which is plainer in its symptoms or is pointed out plainer by the horse than in this disease. It is impossible to be mistaken in this disease if you but pay the least attention to it, and is easily conquered if taken in time. In this disease the foxglove, tartar emetic and nitre should be used twice or thrice a day, as directed in Inflammation of the Lungs.

Bots is another which is very dangerous when they take hold. Feed the Celebrated Horse Powders, as directed and use plenty of salt and you will not have one case in a thousand of Bots.

If you want the best Lotion in the world for fresh or old wounds on horses, turn to page 70, there you will find it, Tincture of Aloes and Myhr; if you want to cure the Ringbone or Spavin, turn to page 71, and you will find it; if you want to cure the Blood or Bog Spavin, turn to page 68; if you want a Lotion for to cure the Scratches in a few days, turn to page 64; if you want a Lotion for Sprains, Bruises, Swellings, &c., turn to page 63; if you want a certain remedy for Sweaney, turn to page 74; if you want to see the List of Medicines used in the diseases of horses, you will find them from pages 93 to 108, giving their medical properties and uses.

I will here name a few Domestic Medicines, Receipts, &c., and would urge every person and family to make use of them and keep them on hand, as they have proven to be very valuable and will do what they are recommended to do. Dr. Wickey’s Cholera Medicine cannot be surpassed for cholera, cholera morbus, diarrhœa, summer complaint, looseness of the bowels, sickness of the stomach, cramp colic, flux, &c. This Medicine is easily prepared and will keep for many years if made out of good brandy. There is not any Medicine now in use that will give the same amount of satisfaction as this, and it is perfectly safe and harmless, as it is purely vegetable, see page 148.

Prof. Biddle’s preparation for the hair and head will positively cure the tetter or any itching or humor of the skin, will prevent the hair from falling off, and has restored more hair than any other hair restorative ever introduced, see page 174.

If you want sweet cider the year round, turn to page 165 and follow directions, and you will have it; if you want honey without bees, turn to page 161 and you can have it; if you have the rheumatism and want to be cured, turn to pages 152, 153, 154 and 155; if you want a liniment that cannot be surpassed and is easily made, turn to page 157 and you will see how to make it. You should add double the quantity of laudanum and use the spirits of saltpetre--which is made by pouring alcohol over the saltpetre, the same as the camphor.

If you want to read an interesting subject, turn to page 131 and read the whole subject and you will have it in truth; if you want the best medicine in the world for colic, turn to pages 128 and 129. I will here state that the Pipsisseway is the best for colic, it has a whitish stripe running through the centre of the leaf. The Wintergreen has not this whitish stripe through the centre; both of them keep green the year round. The Wintergreen is considered very excellent for colds and coughs, it is used as a tea for coughs. If you want an eye water that will relieve inflamed eyes, turn to page 194; this is truly valuable and is a harmless application, yet easily made, costing but 6¼ cents.

I have here named some of the leading articles, which will prove to be very valuable to all that have occasion to make use of them. Try them and you will be convinced.

SCARLET FEVER.

I will here give to the reader the symptoms of Scarlet Fever. This disease has slain its thousands where the monster disease, Cholera has slain its hundreds, and it becomes every parent to feel it his duty to be careful when the disease is in the neighborhood. It is evident that the disease is contagious, in this form it can be taken by inhaling the breath from one that has it, and it is satisfactorily proven that it can be carried in woollen goods from one family to another.

SYMPTOMS:--This disease commences with chilliness, dullness of the head and prostration of strength, according to the violence of the attack. There is sometimes nausea and vomiting, and the surface soon becomes florid and hot.

The throat is generally inflamed and the same appearance extends to the tongue, which is sometimes of a very deep scarlet, tinged with blue. If the symptoms are increased, it is called Scarlet Fever in a malignant form, the symptoms are very violent and the patient becomes pale and faint, the heart palpitates, the Fever continues to rise higher and higher, there is great danger.

The pulse now rises to one hundred and fifteen or twenty strokes in a minute. The pulse and the eruption will give the form and character of the disease. The eruption generally commences with red patches, which spread and unite till they cover the whole body. The eruption appears first on the face and neck, then on the legs, and the redness is greatest about the loins and bending of the joints, and on the hands and ends of the fingers. There is however not a perfect regularity in the eruption of Scarlet Fever, either in appearance or duration. In ordinary cases the eruption remains out about four days, when the grain of the skin begins to peel off and in a few days more it disappears. As the disease progresses, the tonsils becomes specked with ash colored spots and Ulceration follows. In favorable cases their slugs come off in eight or ten days.

If the Patient does not die by the ninth day, he will generally get well under proper management, though it may be three weeks, in some cases before he recovers. When this disease terminates favorably, all the symptoms generally yield, beginning about the fourth day after the eruption appears. The patient is more liable to relapse in this disease than any other, and caution should be used to prevent a relapse. Parents would do well to watch its first appearance and keep their children from its influence as much as possible using preventatives, such as keeping a tar plaster around the neck, keeping gum camphor, a little asafœtida and a small piece of garlic around the neck--this should be put into a small muslin bag and hung around the neck. Let the children eat small pieces of garlic during the day. These are considered preventatives by the Medical Faculty.

TREATMENT--Give mild purgatives, such as Oil, to keep the bowels open. Drink plentifully of balm tea, if this cannot be had, use Sage, Hysop, Saffron Blossom, or Dittany. This will bring out the eruption and keep it out full. If this can be accomplished, the danger will be very much lessened. This fact should be kept in view in all eruptive diseases. Keep a Tar Plaster around the neck; add to the tar a small portion of Spirits of Turpentine, keep this on for some time, renewing, adding turpentine enough to cause the skin to red. If the patient be not very careful when he gets out, he will take cold, and the glands of the neck will swell and suppurate and the ear will run, and if great attention be not paid, deafness will probably be the result.

They must be kept clean and Laudanum and Sweet Oil put into them every day till they get well.

6 REASONS FOR PLANTING AN ORCHARD.

First, would you leave an inheritance to your children, plant an orchard. No other investment of money and labor will in the long run pay so well. Second, would you make home pleasant, the abode of the social virtues, plant an orchard. Nothing better promotes among neighbors a feeling of kindness and good will, than a treat of good fruit often repeated.

Third, Would you remove from your children the strongest temptation to steal, plant an orchard. If children cannot obtain fruit at home, they are very apt to steal it, and when they have learned to steal fruit, they are in a fair way to steal horses, &c.

Fourth, Would you cultivate a constant feeling of thankfulness towards the Giver of all good, plant an orchard. By having constantly before you one of the greatest blessings given to men, you must be hardened indeed if you are not influenced by a spirit of humility and thankfulness.

Fifth, Would you have your children love their home, respect their parents while living and venerate their memory when dead, in all their wanderings, look back upon the home of youth as a sacred spot, as oasis in the great wilderness of the world, then plant an orchard.

Sixth, In short, if you wish to avail yourself of the blessings of a bountiful Providence, which are within your reach, you must plant an orchard. And when you do it, see that you plant good fruit, don’t plant Crab Apple Trees, nor Wild Plums, nor Indian Peaches, the best are the cheapest. Seriously, we have often wondered why our farmers did not devote more attention to the cultivation of fruit; it certainly would prove profitable and pleasant. An orchard of an acre or so of choice fruit, properly taken care of could not be the least profitable portion of a farm. Upwards of a hundred bushels of fruit can be gathered annually, and without much trouble from merely a small garden patch. One great point to commence with is to procure good sorts, for it requires no more labor to attend a tree that will bear apples worth seventy-five cents and a dollar a bushel than one producing those not worth more than two shillings. Let our farmers think of these things. But, the inquiry is frequently made how shall we manage our trees, to produce fine flavored fruit in a short time.

First, select good, rich soil, such as will produce 70 bush. indian corn per acre, if not such it should be made such by manuring. You cannot expect a tree to flourish and produce good fruit when there is no strength or food to supply it with proper nourishment. It is too much like building a house without a foundation, or sitting down to dine at an empty dish, there being nothing to support the growth of the tree, no food to supply it with proper nourishment, finally, it dies for the want of nourishment, if not, the fruit which it bears, if any, is small and knotty, having scarcely any taste or flavor. If you want nice, large, fine flavored fruit, prepare your soil before planting your trees and keep it prepared by manuring occasionally. It is unreasonable to expect to raise fruit from a tree when it is half or three quarters starved out, all for the want of nourishment. You may here make inquiry how to prepare your soil. This may be done by putting a heavy dressing of manure on it, then obtain sufficient depth of soil, so as to enable the roots to extend themselves freely and hold moisture without dying out in protracted drought. This may be done with a common plow, letting it run 8 or 10 inches deep, then by means of a good subsoil plow, running it in the same furrow, you will obtain a depth of 15 or 18 inches. This process should be continued until you have all plowed that depth. When you have this accomplished, run your harrow over several times leveling and pulverizing it finely. When you have all this completed your soil will be prepared for planting your trees. If you cannot possibly prepare your soil in this way, you should by all means dig very large holes, say six or eight feet in diameter and a foot and a half deep, working the manure through the soil as you dig it up. This may seem to the farmer as requiring too much labor, but will richly pay him for it in the end. Plant your trees in this soil firmly, leaving the soil a little lower about the body of the tree, so as it may hold the water, if filled up about the level of the soil, the water will run away from the roots and your tree may die for the want of moisture. Every tree should have a stake driven in the ground to fasten or stay the tree, so as to prevent the storms from bending and switching it about. If this is not done your trees will be injured, and will not thrive. There are a great many farmers complaining that they cannot raise any fruit. Truly, how can they expect to raise fruit when they will crowd their trees into small holes, and the soil so hard that you can scarcely drive a stake into it with a sledge, and above all the land starved out, the grass and weeds suffered to grow up at such a rate that you are not able to see the body of the tree. Young trees should be nursed and cultivated, keeping the soil mellow by repeated stirring and preventing the growth of any vegetable for several feet from the tree. A hoed crop is next best to clear mellow ground. A sowed crop, grass or weeds is ruinous to young trees. After you have your trees well set, you should by all means wash them down once or twice a year with soap and water. Say about one quart of soap to two quarts of water--wash from the large branches to the bottom--this will destroy the insects that may be put into the body and limbs of the tree. Many drooping trees have been made healthy by using this wash. If you wish to preserve your peach trees, it is necessary for you to apply this to them twice a year, also frequently pouring reasonably hot soap suds to the body and root of the tree; this will kill and destroy the worm which so frequently destroys your trees. The lie which is left at the bottom of the kettle from boiling hot soap is very good and should always be used to wash your trees. If you wish to preserve your peach trees, you should by all means search the roots and body of the tree, and where you find any gum caused by the worm, remove it by means of a knife, carefully cutting away where any gum is found, and as far as there seems to be a hollow under the bark, then wash the whole stem well, suffering it to run to the roots: It is stated by a worthy gentleman, that by planting tansey around the tree, the worm will not trouble the roots. This is simple enough and worthy of a trial. It is hoped that these important truths will cause the Farmer and others to put them in practice, and it most undoubtedly will be the means of raising improved fruit and will be richly paid for all his labour.

HOW TO CATCH AN OWL.

Those who are troubled with owls, let them set a steel trap on the top of a pole near the hen roost, and you will be certain to catch him.

A SUPPLEMENT
TO THE
FARMER’S OWN BOOK:

A TREATISE ON THE
Diseases of Horned Cattle,
WITH AN
EXPLANATION OF THEIR SYMPTOMS,
AND THE
COURSE OF TREATMENT TO BE PURSUED.

PUBLISHED BY
J. D. KOOGLE,
Middletown, Maryland.
1858.

PREFACE.

The beneficence of an all wise Providence in organizing man, so as to secure him dominion over animals of inferior physical construction, impose on him obligations to exercise that eminent advantage in a spirit of mercy and in mitigation of the pains and disorder of the brute creation! Impose upon him as a gentleman, as an intelligent Farmer, or as a man of humanity; should deem it essential to make himself familiar with the nature and injuries of the suffering brute. To say nothing of the duty, which common intelligence and humanity enjoins upon every one to prepare himself with proper information, remedies and common medicines, which will enable him to extend immediate relief to the speechless, suffering animals. No man should hesitate, to provide himself with a book which will teach him plainly in what way to give relief to the poor speechless brute.

THE AGE.