Chapter II

The Royal Standard--the Three Lions of England--the Lion Rampant of Scotland--Scottish sensitiveness as to precedence--the Scottish Tressure--the Harp of Ireland--Early Irish Flags--Brian Boru--the Royal Standards from Richard I. to Victoria--Claim to the Fleurs-de-lys of France--Quartering Hanover--the Union Flag--St. George for England--War Cry--Observance of St. George's Day--the Cross of St. George--Early Naval Flags--the London Trained Bands--the Cross of St. Andrew--the "Blue Blanket"--Flags of the Covenanters--Relics of St. Andrew--Union of England and Scotland--the First Union Flag--Importance of accuracy in representations of it--the Union Jack--Flags of the Commonwealth and Protectorate--Union of Great Britain and {iv} Ireland--the Cross of St. Patrick--Labours of St. Patrick in Ireland--Proclamation of George III. as to Flags, etc.--the Second Union Flag--Heraldic Difficulties in its Construction--Suggestions by Critics--Regulations as to Fortress Flags--the White Ensign of the Royal Navy--Saluting the Flag--the Navy the Safeguard of Britain--the Blue Ensign--the Royal Naval Reserve--the Red Ensign of the Mercantile Marine--Value of Flag-lore 29