Chapter VIII: Introduction (5)

Marginal plateaus, 18, 32, 37
Blake Plateau, 17, 32, 47, 48, 59
Western Europe, 37

Marginal trenches, 20, 36, 53, 107
filled, 52-54
Pacific, 19, 60
Puerto Rico Trench, 17, 36, 52, 56, 60

Marginal trench-outer ridge complex, 1, 20, 36, 53

Matawan (Cretaceous) formation, 44, 45, 46

Mercator projection, 3

METEOR, Research Vessel, 83, 98

Mid-Atlantic Ridge
axial profile, 96
crest provinces, 1, 84
flank provinces, 1, 95
heat flow, 103
High Fractured Plateau, 1, 90, 94, 95
limits of, 83
Lower Step, 1, 90, 94, 95
Middle Step, 1, 90, 94, 95
ocean-bottom photographs, 78, 99
origin of, 103
rocks of, 99
Rift Mountains, 1, 90, 92, 94
Rift Valley, 1, 84, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94
sediments on, 99
seismicity of, 98, 99
structure of, 81, 100, 102, 107
trilobites from, 99
type profile, 90
Upper Step, 1, 90, 94, 95

Mid-Atlantic Ridge Expeditions (1947-48), 99

Middle Step, 1, 15, 94, 95, 96

Mid-ocean canyons
Bay of Bengal, 66
Bay of Biscay, 60
deep-sea channels, 66
definition, 66
distribution of, 66-72
equatorial Atlantic, 66
Gulf of Alaska, 66
Mid-Ocean Canyon No. 2., 71-72
Northwest Atlantic Mid-Ocean Canyon, 22, 66-72

Mid-Oceanic Ridge, 1, 15, 83-104, 107
crest provinces, 1, 15, 83
definition, 83
flank provinces, 1, 15, 95

Milne Seamount, 79

Morpho-tectonic provinces, 2

MUIR, U.S.S., 76

Nares Abyssal Plain, 56, 57, 59, 74, 81

National Geographic Society, vii, 99

Navarro (Cretaceous) formation, 44, 45, 46

Navidad Bank, 34, 36

Navigational control, accuracy of, 5

Nazaré Submarine Canyon, 37

Newfoundland Abyssal Plain, 56, 58

Newfoundland Basin, 12, 56, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71

Nomenclature of deep-sea relief 11, 12, 15

North America Basin, 12

North Atlantic Ocean
major basins of, 12
map of earthquakes in, facing page, 122
map of sediment distribution, facing page, 122
soundings, 5
structure section, 102

North Canary Basin, 12

Northeast Providence Channel, 35, 36

Northwest Atlantic Mid-Ocean Canyon, 22, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71

Ocean-basin floor, 1, 15, 25, 55-82, 102, 107
abyssal floor, 1, 15, 55-74
crustal structure, 80-81, 102
oceanic rises, 1, 15, 55, 74-78
seamounts of, 78-79
seismicity of, 80

Oceanic crust, 80-81, 100, 102

Oceanic rises
Bermuda Rise, 74-77
Corner Rise, 64, 77
definition, 74
distribution, 74
Rio Grande Rise, 74
Rockall Rise, 78

Oceanographer Canyon, 43

Old Bahama Channel, 36

Olivine gabbro, 99

Orthogeosyncline, 54

Orthoquartzite, 53

Outer ridges
Antilles Outer Ridge, 32, 33, 36, 52, 53, 59, 60
definition, 20
sediments on, 53
Southeast Newfoundland Ridge, 22, 63, 67, 70, 71, 72

Paleozoic outcrops, 99

Pelagic deposits, 53, 81, 99, 107

Photographs, sea floor, 39, 50, 59, 79

Physiographic diagram, preparation of, 3, 4, 5

Physiographic province chart, Atlantic Ocean, 3, 16

Plant debris, 60

Plato Seamount, 98

Pleistocene beaches, submerged, 42

Portuguese submarine canyons
Lisbon, 37
Nazaré, 37
Setúbal, 37

Precision Depth Recorder (PDR)
accuracy of, 8
development of, 8
operation of, 9
positions of PDR sounding tracks, 6

Precision Depth Recorder (PDR) records, 28, 32, 34, 36, 38, 58, 64,
73, 78, 91, 92

Puerto Rico Trench, 36

Puerto Rico (Trench) Abyssal Plain, 17, 36, 52, 56, 60

Recent sediments, erosion of, 50

Red clay, 33, 76, 106

Reflections, sub-bottom, 25, 32, 41, 105-106

Research vessels
ALBATROSS III, vii
ATLANTIS, vii, 7, 8, 79
CARYN, vii, 78
DISCOVERY II, vii
KEVIN MORAN, 70
METEOR, 83, 98
TALISMAN, 99
THETA, vii, 2, 7
VEMA, vii, 6, 72

Rift Mountains, 1, 15, 84, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99,
100, 107

Rift Valley, 1, 15, 84, 90, 91, 93, 94, 95, 96, 98, 99, 100, 101, 102,
103, 107

Rio Grande Rise, 74

Ripple Marks, 39, 50, 51, 59, 79

Rock dredging, 39, 42, 43, 45, 46, 47, 76

Rockall Rise, 78

Sable Island, 24

Sable Island Bank, 24

Sand, deep-sea, 28, 60, 61, 74

Scarps, 61
Abyssal Plain, 61
Bermuda Rise, 76
Mid-Atlantic Ridge, 83

Scotian Shelf, 23, 24

Scour marks, photographs of, 39, 59

Seamounts
Ampere, 78
Atlantis, 98
Caryn, 78
Cruiser, 98
Great Meteor, 98
Josephine, 78
Kelvin, 77, 78
Milne, 79
Muir, 76
Plato, 98

Seamount Groups
Atlantis-Plato-Cruiser-Great Meteor Seamount Group, 98
Horseshoe Seamount Group, 59, 78
Kelvin Seamount Group, 76, 77, 78
Muir Seamount Group, 76

Seamounts, sedimentary processes on, 59, 77

Sediment distribution
abyssal plain, 74
Bermuda Rise, 76
continental margin, 53
correlation with topography, 107
map of North Atlantic, facing page, 122
Mid-Atlantic Ridge, 99

Seismicity
continental margin, 51
epicenter map, North Atlantic, facing page, 122
Mid-Atlantic Ridge, 98
ocean-basin floor, 80

Seismic-reflection measurements, 80

Seismic-refraction measurements
continental margin, 52, 81, 102
Mid-Atlantic Ridge, 81, 100, 102
ocean-basin floor, 65, 80, 81, 102

Serpentine, 99

Serpentization, 103

Setúbal Submarine Canyon, 37

Sharks tooth, photograph of, facing page, 39

Shelf break, 17, 50, 51

Sierra Leone Rise, 61

Slumping, 50, 51, 99, 105

Sohm Abyssal Plain, 55, 56, 57, 71, 72, 74

Sound velocity corrections, 12, 13

Sounding corrections
slope, 15
velocity, 12, 13

Sounding tracks
nonprecision, 7
PDR, 6

Sounding velocity, 12

Soundings
echo, 8, 9
hemp line, 8
wire, 8

South Atlantic, Physiographic Diagram, v

South Canary Basin, 12

Southeast Newfoundland Ridge, 22, 63, 67, 70, 71, 72

Sub-bottom echoes, 25, 32, 41, 105-106

Submarine canyons, 20
Cape Breton, 37
Fosse de Cayar, 41
Gilbert, 44
Grand Banks, near, 23
Hudson, 8, 27, 28, 30, 31, 58, 72
Hydrographer, 45, 46
Lisbon, 37
Lydonia, 44
Nazaré, 37
Northeast Providence, 35
Oceanographer, 44, 45, 46
Setúbal, 37

Starfish, photograph of, facing page, 39

Structural benches, 43, 48, 49

Submarine topography, outline of, 15

Sunken islands, 78

Tagus Abyssal Plain, 56, 57, 61

TALISMAN, Research Vessel, 99

Tectonic map, Atlantic Ocean, 2

Tectonic uplift, 77, 78, 98

"Terraced zone", 95

Terraces, continental shelf, 42

Tertiary ocean-bottom temperatures, 106

Tertiary outcrops, 46, 47, 48, 76, 79, 107

THETA, M/V, (sealer), vii, 72

Theta Gap, 66, 72, 73, 74

Times Facsimile Company
Precision Depth Recorder, 8, 9

Tracks and trails, photographs of, facing pages, 39, 79

Trench (Abyssal) Plains
Cayman, 56, 60
Kurile-Kamchatka, 60
Middle America, 60
Peru-Chile, 60
Puerto Rico, 17, 36, 52, 56, 60

Trilobites, Mid-Atlantic Ridge, 99

Turbidity currents, 23, 50, 51, 74, 79, 80, 99, 106, 107

Unconformities, 50

U. S. Coast Survey, 8

U. S. Navy
Bureau of Ships, vii
Hydrographic Office, 5
Office of Naval Research, vii

Units: depth, slope, distance, 12

Upper Step, 15, 78, 90, 91, 94, 95, 96

Vema Gap, 58, 60, 66, 72, 74

VEMA, Research Vessel, vii, 6, 72

Virgin Islands Bank, 36

Volcanic cones, buried, 51

Volcanic detritus, 53

Volcanoes, 39, 77, 78

West Europe Basin, 12

West Florida Escarpment, 33

Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, vii, viii, 3, 7

Yorktown (Miocene) formation, 44, 45, 46

PHYSIOGRAPHIC PROVINCES, ATLANTIC OCEAN</a>]

CONTROL CHART

All continuously recorded echo-sounding profiles used in preparation of Plates 1 and 20 are shown. Solid lines indicate Lamont Geological Observatory and Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution cruises. Dashed lines indicate soundings supplied by British Admiralty. Lines shown by alternate long dash and two short dashes indicate closely spaced discrete soundings of METEOR.]

SIX TRANS-ATLANTIC TOPOGRAPHIC PROFILES

Soundings in fathoms continuously recorded by an NMC echo sounder on the R. V. ATLANTIS. The letters a&mdash;q indicate where soundings from different cruises were joined.]

INDEX CHART SHOWING LOCATIONS OF PROFILES OF PLATES 24, 25, 26 AND FIGURE 45]

THIRTY-FOUR PROFILES OF THE CONTINENTAL MARGIN: WESTERN NORTH ATLANTIC

Profile locations shown on Plate 23. Note small topographic details. Soundings spaced approximately 1 mile apart.]

TWENTY-THREE PROFILES OF THE CONTINENTAL MARGIN OF EUROPE AND AFRICA]

CRUSTAL STRUCTURE AND CONTINENTAL-MARGIN PROVINCES FOUR REPRESENTATIVE PROFILES, POSITIONS OF PROFILES SHOWN ON PLATE 23.

Data for W-6 from Bentley and Worzel (1956), W-10 and W-11 from Katz and Ewing (1955), and W-33 from Ewing and Worzel (1954) and Officer _et al._ (1957). Seismic data projected to continuously recorded sounding profiles. Vertical exaggeration 40:1.]

FIVE TOPOGRAPHIC PROFILES, WESTERN NORTH ATLANTIC

Soundings continuously recorded on NMC sounder.]

DISTRIBUTION OF DEEP-SEA SANDS IN RELATION TO PHYSIOGRAPHIC PROVINCES

Data from Ericson _et al._ (1952; 1955) based on piston cores taken by Lamont Geological Observatory expeditions.]

EARTHQUAKE EPICENTERS, NORTH ATLANTIC

Date from Gutenberg and Richter (1954) and the epicenter cards of the U.S. Coast and Geodetic Survey through 1956.]

LOCATION OF PDR RECORDS AND BOTTOM PHOTOGRAPHS REPRODUCED AS ILLUSTRATIONS.]

Transcriber's Notes:

The large diagram for plate 1 mentioned in the note on p. v is
missing. It was not physically attached to the book per note.

Silently corrected simple spelling, grammar, and typographical
errors.

Retained anachronistic and non-standard spellings as printed.

Enclosed italics markup in _underscores_.