Chapter II: Appendix: The Tonalamatl and the Solar Calendar

Day-signs—Model tonalamatl—The day-gods—Gods of the “weeks”—Lords
of the night—Lords of the day-hours—Tonalamatl festivals—
Recapitulation—The calendar round—The nemontemi—The Venus
period—Short bibliography of works relating to the tonalamatl
pp. 359–371

A CRITICAL BIBLIOGRAPHY OF MEXICAN RELIGION pp. 372–381

GLOSSARY pp. 382–383

INDEX pp. 384–388

ILLUSTRATIONS

Nephrite Figure of a Death-god Frontispiece

FACING PAGES
Colossal Statue of Coatlicue 14, 15
Statue of Coatlicue 16, 17
The Great Calendar Stone of Mexico 38
Symbols of the “Suns” in Mexican Cosmogony 40, 41
The Trees of the World-quarters 58, 59
The Tree of the Middle-quarter 60
Uitzilopochtli 66
Coyolxauhqui 67
The Red and Black Tezcatlipocâs 92
Tezcatlipocâ in Various Forms 93, 98
Altar of Skulls to Tezcatlipocâ 99
Quetzalcoatl and Tlauizcalpantecutli 118
Quetzalcoatl and the Death-god 119
Forms of Quetzalcoatl 120, 121
Tonacatecutli-Tonacaciuatl 121
Forms of Tlazolteotl 156, 157
Forms of Chicomecoatl 170
Cinteotl 171
Ciuacoatl 180
Forms of Ciuacoatl 181
Xochiquetzal and her Symbols 188
Forms of Xochiquetzal 189, 190
Stone Figures of Macuilxochitl 196, 197
Forms of Macuilxochitl 198
Forms of Xochipilli 199
Pottery Figure of Xochipilli 200
Forms of Xochipilli 201
Forms of Xipe 204
Stone Image of Xipe 205
Forms of Xipe 208
Itzpapalotl 222
Itzpapalotl (Stone of Aristides Martel) 223
Xilonen and Zapotlantenan 223
Forms of Tlaloc 236, 237, 240
Chalchihuitlicue 258
Chalchihuitlicue and Tlauizcalpantecutli 259
Chalchihuitlicue and Uixtociuatl 260
Forms of the Tlaloquê 261
Xiuhtecutli and Tlauizcalpantecutli 268, 269, 272
Xiuhtecutli and Chantico 276
Ixcoçanhqui and Chantico 277
Tepoxtecatl 292
Patecatl, with Octli Emblems 293
The Octli-gods 298, 299
Totoltecatl 299
Forms of Tonatiuh 300
Mexican Idea of Sacrifice to the Sun-god 301
Planetary Deities 304
Forms of Mixcoatl 310, 311
Forms of Tlauizcalpantecutli 320
Tlauizcalpantecutli and Victim 321
Forms of the Underworld Deities 328
Statue of an Octli-god 329
Variants of the Great Gods 336
Xolotl and Tlaloc 344
Minor Deities 345
The Lords of the Night-hours 364

NOTE ON THE PRONUNCIATION OF MEXICAN

The pronunciation of Mexican names presents at first some little difficulty. The letter X is invariably pronounced as sh, so that Mixcoatl and Mexitli are, viva voce, Mishcoatly and Meshitlee, the final tl being pronounced as tl followed by a short y, although the natives in many parts of the country articulate it with a definite clicking sound, unapproachable by a European. The names of the more important gods are pronounced as follows:

Uitzilopochtli = Wit-zil-o-potchtly
Tezcatlipocâ = Tez-catly-pocā
Quetzalcoatl = Quetzal-co-at-ly
Xipe = Shee-pay
Chalchihuitlicue = Chal-chĕĕ-wĕĕt-lēē-kway.

Most of the others are comparatively simple of pronunciation. The ch sound is pronounced as in Spanish, i.e. hard, as in “thatch.”

THE GODS OF MEXICO