Chapter X (2)

With regard to the numbers of the respective forces, there can be little doubt that they were very nearly equal. Seacome's wild estimates, which are, as usual, unhesitatingly followed by Canon Raines, may be dismissed as impossible; he gives Lilburne 3,000 horse and foot. It has already been mentioned that Derby landed with less than 100 horse, and either 250 or 300 foot (p. 187). All the accounts substantially agree in respect to these figures. In the few days after landing these numbers were considerably increased; Seacome acknowledges that Derby had 600 horse at the battle, while Lilburne says that the royalists had increased to 1,400 or 1,500 men, and the "Discourse" gives them 1,000 foot and 500 horse. Lilburne's estimate of his own army, as stated in the letter to Cromwell, may be accepted as correct. He writes: "I had only my own regiment, and those three companies of foot, and the 60 horse and dragoons." His own regiment of horse he had brought with him; two of the foot companies had been sent from Chester, and one, together with the 60 dragoons, from the garrison at Liverpool. "Discourse," p. 75; "C.W.T.," p. 297. The latter of these references is to a letter from Birch, the Governor of Liverpool, who writes: "All that could be afforded in assistance were two foot companies from Chester, one of my Regiment, left about Manchester, not being so ready as the rest to march out, and what musketeers I horsed from hence with some few countrymen." A regiment of cavalry in the New Model Army numbered 600 men. Firth, "Cromwell's Army," p. 42. Dragoons in the seventeenth century were not cavalry, but mounted infantry. Mr. Gardiner's account of the Battle is not quite correct ("Commonwealth," Vol. 2, p. 39). He says: "Lilburne fell back through Wigan.... Entangled in the lanes south of the town he was compelled to fight, etc." Wigan Lane is the road out of Wigan to the north.

[233] A monument to Tyldesley was erected on the spot where he fell by his cornet, Alexander Rigby, of Layton, when the latter was Sheriff of Lancashire in 1677. The monument still stands: it was restored by the Corporation of Wigan in 1886. The long inscription is printed by Canon Raines. "Stanley Papers," pt. 3, Vol. 2 (C.S. 67), p. cccxxxiii.

[234] This letter is printed in "Cary," Vol. 2, p. 320; Marlet, "Charlotte de la Tremoille," p. 239.

[235] Hughes' "Boscobel Tracts," pp. 174, 190.

[236] For the narrative of Derby's capture we are indebted to Capt. Hodgson ("Autobiography," p. 48). Little seems to be known about Edge; but the name of Oliver Edge occurs in a statement about the seating of Manchester Church in 1649, which was largely signed by the inhabitants of the town, and this signature is very probably his. ("Manchester Municipal Records.") He belonged to the family of Edge of Birch-Hall Houses near Manchester. Halley's "Lancashire Puritanism and Nonconformity" (2nd ed. in 1 vol., 1872), p. 286.

[237] "C.J.," Vol. 7, pp. 8, 9.

[238] "C.S.P.," 1651, pp. 422, 423. "C.J.," Vol. 7, pp. 9, 16.

[239] The official record of the trial of the Earl of Derby, from the original in the Library of the House of Lords, is printed by Canon Raines in the appendix to his "Stanley Papers," pt. 3, Vol. 2 (C.S. 67), pp. cccxxxiv-ccclvii, as well as other valuable documents relating to the Earl's trial and death. _Vide_ also "Discourse," pp. 78-85; "C.W.T.," pp. 311-323.

[240] "C.S.P.," 1651, p. 457.

[241] Duckenfield and Birch to Lenthall. Ramsey, Nov. 2. ("Tanner MSS.," Vol. 55, fol. 87.)

[242] Marlet, "Charlotte de la Tremoille," p. 151.

[243] Gardiner ("Commonwealth," Vol. 2, p. 62, note) quotes a Newsletter of Salvetti, which seems decisive on this point. As the Earl's death has been attributed to Cromwell's own influence the quotation may be repeated here: "Il General Cromwell fa buonissimi uffizii per salvarlo la vita, con conditione che consegni nelle mane del Parlamento la sua isoletta di Man, della quale se ne intitole Re."

[244] "Seacome," p. 133.

[245] "Raines," _op. cit._, p. ccxvii, ccvxiii. Canon Raines here repeats a wild story from Seacome, to the effect that this petition would have been allowed by the House, had not Cromwell and Bradshaw contrived to reduce the number of Members present to less than 40, so that no question could be put. There is no foundation for this statement. As a matter of fact, the House voted that Derby's petition should be read, but it could not possibly be dealt further with owing to the impossibility of sending a messenger into Lancashire in time to stop the execution, had that been intended. ("C.J.," Vol. 7, p. 27.) For Cromwell's real attitude towards the reprieve, _vide_ note on p. 201.

[246] "The Earl of Derby's Speech on the Scaffold, etc." ("C.W.T.," p. 320). The best account of the Earl's last hours is naturally given by Seacome, who quotes Bagguley's "Narrative" (pp. 120-127), "Discourse," pp. 82-85: "The Earl was no good Orator, and the tumult put him out of speaking what he intended; he was much afraid of being reviled by the people of the town, but they rather pitied his condition."

[247] "The Earl of Darby was a man of unquestionable loyalty to the King, and gave clear testimony of it before he received any obligations from the Court, and when he thought himself disobliged by it.... He was a man of great honour and clear courage; and all his defects and misfortunes proceeded from his having lived so little time among his equals, that he knew not how to treat his inferiors: which was the source of all the ill that befell him, having thereby drawn such a prejudice from the persons of inferior quality, who yet thought themselves too good to be contemned, against him, that they pursued him to death." ("Clarendon," Macray, Vol. 5, p. 184, bk. 13, par. 68).

INDEX.

Aberconway, 146.

Acton Church, Royalist defeat at, 98.

Adwalton Moor, Battle of, 5, 68, 89-90.

Allen, Rev. Isaac, Rector of Prestwich, 41.

Albany Mill, Middleton, 32_n_.

Alport Lodge, 42. ---- burnt down, 42_n_. ---- demolished, 55.

Amounderness Hundred, 54, 58, 67, 131, 188. ---- Royalist collectors for, 58. ---- Parliamentarian captains in, 93.

Anderton, Christopher, of Lostock, 137. ---- Hugh, 188. ---- James, 58, 188.

Appleby, 163. ---- Castle, 164, 172.

Ardern, Captain, 80.

Array, Commissions of, 11, 13, 14. ---- voted illegal by Parliament, 11.

Ashhurst, Henry, 35_n_, 172. ---- Captain John (afterwards Major), 34, 161, 186. ---- ---- at Bolton, 69-70. ---- ---- at Lathom, 103. ---- ---- appointed Governor of Liverpool, 137. ---- ---- his negotiations with Lord Derby, 138. ---- William, M.P. for Newton, 30. ---- ---- notice of, 34-5.

Ashton Hall, Lancaster, Charles II. at, 182.

Ashton, distress in, 173.

Assessments, on Lancashire, 152.

Assheton, Radcliffe, royalist collector in Blackburn Hundred, 58, 59_n_. ---- Ralph, of Downham, 32. ---- ---- of Whalley, M.P. for Clitheroe, 30, 32. ---- ---- of Middleton, M.P. for Lancashire, Colonel and Major-General, 20_n_, 30, 54, 171_n_. ---- ---- secures the magazine at Manchester, 14. ---- ---- notice of, 31-2, 32_n_. ---- ---- his tenants at the siege of Manchester, 43, 46. ---- ---- commands at first defence of Bolton, 69. ---- ---- relieves Lancaster, 76. ---- ---- retreats to Whalley, 77. ---- ---- sacks Wigan, 79. ---- ---- victory in the Fylde, 86. ---- ---- takes Hornby and Thurland Castle, 88. ---- ---- at Adwalton Moor, 89. ---- ---- defeated at Booth Lane, near Sandbach, 97. ---- ---- at the siege of Lathom House, 101-2. ---- ---- at York, 126. ---- ---- serves at siege of Chester, 149. ---- ---- Commander-in-Chief in Lancashire in 1648, 162. ---- ---- takes Bentham House, Westmoreland, 163. ---- ---- at battle of Preston, 167. ---- ---- takes Appleby Castle, 172. ---- ---- ordered to disperse Lancashire Militia, 175. ---- ---- dismissed from his command, 175.

Aston, Sir Thomas, letter of, intercepted, 16.

Atherton, 60_n_.

Audlem, 117.

Aylesbury, taken by Prince Rupert, 115.

Bagguley, Rev. Humphrey, attends Lord Derby, 202.

Baillie, Lieut.-Gen., surrenders at Warrington, 170. ---- Robert, letters of, 125, 130, 153.

Bamber, Captain, 175.

Banquet to Lord Strange at Manchester, 17.

Barlow Moor, near Manchester, 120. ---- rendezvous on, 140.

Barton, Sir T., 56.

Barwick, Lieutenant, 43.

Beaumont, 30.

Beeston Castle, 97.

Bellasis, Lord, taken prisoner at Selby, 115.

Benbow, Captain, 197.

Berwick-on-Tweed, 160.

Betley, Prince Rupert at, 117.

Birch, Thomas, of Birch, successively Captain, Sergeant-Major and Colonel, 55, 161, 173, 175, 183. ---- ---- at the affray in Manchester (1642), 18-20. ---- ---- at capture of Preston, 63. ---- ---- occupies Lancaster, 71. ---- ---- seizes Earl of Derby's daughters, 179. ---- ---- chosen one of Earl of Derby's judges, but does not act, 197. ---- ---- Isle of Man surrendered to him, 200.

Blackburn, 56, 63, 67, 74, 121. ---- occupied by royalists, 59. ---- royalist attack on, 62. ---- Hundred, 3, 7, 54, 55, 59, 77, 78.

Blackstone Edge, 5. ---- fortified, 91, 92_n_.

Blaire, Major-Gen., royalist commander at Wigan, 79.

Bolton-le-Moors, 67, 74, 101, 148. ---- first attack on, 69, 70. ---- second attack on, 78. ---- stormed by Prince Rupert, 121-4. ---- collection for, in Manchester, 125. ---- meeting of Deputy-Lieutenants at, 161. ---- execution of Earl of Derby at, 203.

Booth, Col. Sir George, 148. ---- John, Captain and Colonel, 43. ---- ---- notice of, 43_n_. ---- ---- his bravery at Preston, 63. ---- ---- at Nantwich, 98. ---- ---- at Ormskirk, 133. ---- Lane, Parliamentarian defeat at, 97.

Bootle, Capt., 123-4.

Boscobel, 195.

Bourne, Rev. Wm., 46, 46_n_.

Boynton, Col. Matthew, 192. ---- ---- slain at Wigan, 194.

Braddyl, John, 56.

Bradford, 90, 91.

Bradshaw, Col. Henry, one of Lord Derby's judges, 197. ---- John, of Bradshaw, 56, 56_n_, 161. ---- President, 201. ---- Capt. Robert, 43. ---- ---- notice of, 43_n_. ---- ---- taken prisoner at Westhoughton, 54.

Bradshawgate, Bolton, 70.

Brereton, Lord, 56. ---- Sir William, of Handforth, 5, 11, 12_n_, 136, 202. ---- ---- in Manchester, 15, 16_n_. ---- ---- notice of, 15_n_. ---- ---- besieges Warrington, 80. ---- ---- takes Warrington, 86-7. ---- ---- at siege of Chester, 140, 148. ---- ---- letter of, 141. ---- ---- Lancashire troops with, 149.

Bretherton, John, 58.

Bridgeman, Edward, 81. ---- Rev. Henry, 202. ---- Orlando, M.P. for Wigan, 30.

Bright, Col., at Preston, 167.

Brindle, skirmish at, 190.

Bristol, 68, 150.

Brook, Col. H., one of Lord Derby's judges, 197.

Bruerton, 117.

Brunstock, 163.

Bryn Hall, Charles II. at, 182.

Buckley, Capt., 69.

Buckshawe Hall, Chorley, 29_n_.

Bury, 15, 55, 78.

Butler, Mr., of Rawcliffe, 190.

Butterworth, Alexander, 47.

Byron, Sir John, royalist Governor of Chester and of Liverpool, 116, 129. ---- Col. Robert, letter to Ormonde, 130.

Cadishead, 186.

Callander, Earl of, 164, 171. ---- letter of, 141.

Cantsfield, 93.

Carlisle, 160, 162, 171.

Carter, Col. John, one of Lord Derby's judges, 197.

Castle Rushen, 147, 177, 194.

Charles I., petition to, from Lancashire, 10. ---- raises his standard at Nottingham, 21. ---- makes the Cessation in Ireland, 96. ---- expected to march into Lancashire, 140. ---- storms Leicester, 142. ---- defeated at Rowton Heath, 142. ---- surrenders to the Scots, 150. ---- negotiations with Parliament, 150.

Charles II. proclaimed at Manchester Cross, 174. ---- appoints Earl of Derby K.G., 180. ---- lands at Speymouth, 180. ---- invades England, 181. ---- passes through Lancashire, 182. ---- defeated at Worcester, 195. ---- his escape, 195.

Charnock, Capt., 104, 143.

Chester, 65, 124, 140.

Chetham, Humphrey, 14. ---- College, 14.

Chipping, 77.

Chisenhale, Capt., 104, 106. ---- sortie by, 105, 107. ---- made Colonel, 129.

Cholmondeley, Sir H., 170.

Chowbent, skirmish at, 60, 60_n_, 61.

Clifton, Mr., of Lytham, 72, 74. ---- Col. Cuthbert, 129, 136. ---- John, 191.

Clitheroe, 30, 92.

Cockerham, 76.

Committee of Both Houses, 162.

Committee of Both Kingdoms, letters to, 129, 135.

Conduit, Manchester, 17.

Cotterell, Capt., 189.

Crane, Sir Richard, 124.

Cromwell, Oliver, 165, 174. ---- ---- victory at Preston, 166-8. ---- ---- ---- Dunbar, 180.

Croxton, Col. Thomas, 197.

Danson, Thomas, Under Sheriff, 14.

Darwen, River, 167.

Dean, Col., 167.

Deansgate, Manchester, 43, 44, 45, 47, 50.

Derby, Charlotte de la Tremoille, Countess of, 26-7. ---- ---- letters of, to Prince Rupert, 21, 80. ---- ---- defends Lathom House, 101-110. ---- ---- removes to Isle of Man, 129, 129_n_. ---- ---- surrenders Isle of Man, 200.

Delamere, royalist defeat at, 98.

Denbigh, Earl of, 126, 129.

Derby, Earl of. _See_ Stanley, James.

Dives, Sir Lewis, 180.

Dodding, Col. George, 72, 120. ---- ---- appointed Colonel, 54. ---- ---- taken prisoner, 72. ---- ---- suspicions of, 119, 119_n_. ---- ---- defeats royalists at Walton, 132. ---- ---- besieges Greenhalgh Castle, 137. ---- ---- in Second Civil War, 162.

Doncaster, 165.

Dorsetshire, affray in, 19.

Duckenfield, Col. Robert, 76, 183. ---- ---- surrenders Stockport to Rupert, 117. ---- ---- suppresses free companies, 175. ---- ---- subdues Isle of Man, 200. ---- ---- Lord Derby's opinion of, 201.

Dukenhalgh Hall, 82.

Dunbar, battle of, 180.

Eccleston, 58_n_. ---- Green, 120.

Edge, Capt. Oliver, 196_n_, 198. ---- ---- Earl of Derby surrenders to, 196.

Egerton, Peter, of Shaw in Flixton, Colonel and Major-General, 54, 56. ---- ---- in command at second siege of Lathom, 143-4. ---- ---- his letter to the Speaker, 153.

Ellel, 76.

Emmott Lane Head, 92.

Fairfax, Ferdinando, first Baron, 39, 89, 90. ---- Sir Thomas, 115, 140. ---- ---- victory at Wakefield, 85. ---- ---- at Adwalton Moor, 90. ---- ---- Lancashire troops with, in Cheshire, 93. ---- ---- relieves Nantwich, 98. ---- ---- at Lathom, 101-104. ---- ---- insubordination to, 119. ---- ---- defeats Goring at Langport, 150. ---- ---- at Preston, 167.

Fanshawe, Anne, Lady, 30. ---- Sir Richard, 30.

Farington, William, of Worden, 13, 56, 58. ---- ---- notice of, 29. ---- ---- at siege of Manchester, 42. ---- ---- at Lathom, 104, 143.

Farmer, Capt., at Lathom House, 104. ---- sortie led by, 105.

Featherstonhaugh, Sir T., 197.

Fitton, Sir Edward, summoned as delinquent, 13. ---- ---- letters of, 16, 23. ---- ---- disarms his tenants, 41.

Fleetwood, John, 56, 58. ---- Richard, of Rossall, 20_n_.

Fox, Capt., 104.

Friars Gate, Preston, 76.

Freckleton Marsh, 132.

Fulwood Moor, royalist gathering on, 12.

Gamul, Sir Francis, 182.

Gell, Sir John, 15_n_, 129.

Gerard, Sir Gilbert, 42.

Gilbey, Sir Theophilus, 182.

Girlington, Sir John, Sheriff of Lancashire, 12, 18, 58, 74. ---- ---- notice of, 29. ---- ---- at siege of Manchester, 42. ---- ---- surrenders at Lancaster, 71. ---- ---- taken prisoner at Thurland, 88. ---- ---- reoccupies Thurland, 93.

Gisburn, 165.

Goring, Lord, 131, 132. ---- joins Rupert, 129. ---- defeated at Langport, 150.

Greaves Town, 132.

Green, Alexander, 17, 17_n_, 18.

Greenhalgh Castle, 88, 99, 109, 135. ---- ---- siege of, 137.

Grey, Lord, 129.

Haigh Hall, Wigan, 204.

Haleford, 86, 124, 124_n_, 142. ---- Prince Rupert at, 131. ---- guarded, 140.

Halifax, 89, 90.

Hamilton, First Duke of, invades Lancashire, 159, 163, 165. ---- ---- his letter to Lancashire Ministers, 164. ---- ---- at Hornby, 164. ---- ---- defeated at Preston, 166-168. ---- ---- executed, 171. ---- Second Duke of, 182.

Harrison, Col., at Preston, 166, 167. ---- sent to Lancashire (1651), 183. ---- joins Lambert, 184. ---- Sir John, notice of, 30.

Haslington, Cheshire, 117.

Hastings, Mr., 19.

Hatherton, 117.

Hawarden Castle, 97.

Hesketh, Mr., 190.

Heyrick, Richard, Warden of Manchester, 10, 49. ---- ---- notice of, 44_n_. ---- ---- special preacher before Parliament, 156, 171.

Heywood, Peter, plot to betray Manchester, 119.

Hindley, Capt., 99.

Hinfield Moor, 59_n_.

Hodder Bridge, 165.

Hoghton, Sir Gilbert, 16, 64. ---- ---- notice of, 29. ---- ---- at siege of Manchester, 42. ---- ---- defeated by Col. Shuttleworth, 59. ---- ---- attacks Blackburn, 62. ---- ---- at Preston, 64. ---- ---- ordered to Chester, 96. ---- Lady, 64. ---- Richard, killed at Preston, 64. ---- Tower, 59, 68_n_. ---- ---- beacon at, fired, 59. ---- ---- surrendered and blown up, 68-9. ---- ---- Lilburne's camp at, 191.

Holcroft, Col. Thos., in affray at Manchester, 18, 19, 20. ---- ---- at Lancaster, 75.

Holland, Richard, of Heaton, Governor of Manchester, 46, 56, 76, 161. ---- ---- notice of, 46_n_. ---- ---- at Preston, 63-4. ---- ---- in command at Wigan, 79. ---- ---- accused of cowardice, 79_n_. ---- ---- at Warrington, 80. ---- ---- at York, 89. ---- ---- with Fairfax in Cheshire, 98. ---- ---- suspicions of, 119.

Holt, 117. ---- Capt., 69. ---- Robert, of Castleton, 15, 56, 58.

Hornby Castle, 86, 88_n_, 93. ---- ---- captured, 87-8. ---- ---- Prince Rupert at, 131. ---- ---- Hamilton at, 164.

Hotham, Sir John, 90.

Howe Bridge, 60_n_.

Huddleston, Col., defeated at Lindale, 94, 132. ---- Sir William, 172.

Hull, 5. ---- first blood of the Civil War shed at, 19-20. ---- first siege of, 20. ---- powder sent from, to Lancashire, 54. ---- retreat of the Fairfaxes to, 90.

Hunt's Bank, Manchester, 43.

Hutchinson, Colonel, 129.

Ireland, Sir Gilbert, 174_n_. ---- ---- chosen one of Lord Derby's judges, 197.

Ireton, General, 178.

Irish troops for Lancashire, 96. ---- ---- land in Wales, 97. ---- ---- defeated at Nantwich, 98.

Kendal, 163, 165. ---- Charles II. proclaimed at, 174.

Key, Capt., 143.

Kilmorey, Lord, 56.

King, Act forbidding proclamation of, 173.

Kinver Heath, 195.

Kirkby, Roger, M.P. for Lancashire, 58, 94. ---- ---- notice of, 30. ---- ---- surrenders at Lancaster, 71.

Kirkby Lonsdale, 163, 166.

Kirkham, 86, 132, 188, 189.

Knutsford, royalist muster at, 16. ---- Lambert retreats to, 184.

Lambert, General, 162, 163, 170, 180. ---- ---- joins Cromwell, 165. ---- ---- disbands Lancashire forces, 174. ---- ---- follows Scots march, 183. ---- ---- skirmishes at Warrington, 184.

Lancashire, geographical features of, 1, 2. ---- ---- effect on Civil War, 3-5. ---- religious parties in, 3. ---- course of Civil War in, 4. ---- petitions from, 9, 10. ---- members of Long Parliament, 30. ---- attempted pacification in, 56. ---- troops from, in Yorkshire, 89. ---- ---- in Cheshire, 93, 141_n_. ---- ---- at siege of Chester, 148-9. ---- state of, after first Civil War, 151, 153, 154. ---- ---- after second Civil War, 173. ---- Presbyterianism established in, 156. ---- Ministers, Hamilton's letter to, 164. ---- troops refuse to disband, 174.

Lancaster, 67, 74, 80, 120, 163_n_. ---- M.P.'s for, 30. ---- occupied for Parliament, 71. ---- retaken by Royalists, 75. ---- besieged, 87. ---- Castle, 75_n_.

Langdale, Sir Marmaduke, 160, 165. ---- ---- at Preston, 166. ---- ---- taken prisoner, 171. ---- ---- visits Isle of Man, 180.

Langho, 83.

Landown, 68.

Lathom House, 58, 61, 84, 85, 88, 96, 118, 132, 135, 188. ---- ---- description of, 100. ---- ---- first siege of, 99-109. ---- ---- site of, 110-113. ---- ---- siege of, raised, 120. ---- ---- garrison of, 136. ---- ---- second siege of, 142-6. ---- ---- surrender of, 147.

Lauderdale, Earl of, 195, 197.

Layton Common, 72.

Lea Hall, 132.

Leeds, 89.

Legge, Col., 188.

Leicester, 19, 142. ---- Charles I. at, 165.

Leigh, skirmish at, 60. ---- taken by Manchester troops, 61. ---- Mr., of Adlington, 41. ---- ---- his house attacked, 62.

Leslie, Alex., first Earl of Leven, 115.

Leyland Hundred, 54, 58, 66, 67, 93, 131, 188.

Lilburne, Col. Robert, 190. ---- ---- letter of, to Speaker Lenthall, 187. ---- ---- ordered to Lancashire, 189. ---- ---- at Preston, 190. ---- ---- defeats Derby at Wigan, 192-194. ---- ---- lands voted to, by Parliament, 196.

Lindale, 94.

Liverpool, 74, 135, 191. ---- M.P.'s for, 30. ---- occupied for Parliament, 87. ---- fortified by Col. Moore, 95. ---- captured by Prince Rupert, 127. ---- retaken by Parliament, 135, 136.

Long Parliament, Lancashire members of, 30.

Lonsdale, Hundred, 54, 58, 188.

Loughborough, 19.

Lowton Common, 60.

Lygonia, 33.

Lytham Hall, 72, 74, 132.

Mackworth, Col., 183, 197.

Magazines seized by royalists, 13, 14.

Mains Hall, 190.

Mainwaring, Col., 117.

Malpas, 116, 170.

Man, Isle of, 179. ---- ---- surrendered to Parliament, 200.

Manchester magazine secured for Parliament, 14. ---- first affray at, 16. ---- in 1642, 37. ---- proposed university for, 38. ---- siege of, 41-51. ---- state of, during siege, 49-51. ---- importance of siege of, 51. ---- powder sent to, 54. ---- distress in, 154-5, 173. ---- plague in, 154. ---- collection for, 154.

Market Drayton, 117, 142, 170.

Market Stead Lane, Manchester, 43, 45.

Markland, Capt., 101.

Marston Moor, battle of, 125, 130, 139. ---- ---- result of, in Lancashire, 129, 130.

Martindale, Adam, opinion of Col. Moore, 34_n_. ---- ---- description of Lancashire distress, 151.

Mason, Col., 197.

Massey, Major-General, 186, 188.

Maurice, Prince, 179.

Meldrum, Sir John, surrenders Newark, 115. ---- ---- in Manchester, 119. ---- ---- victory at Ormskirk, 132-3. ---- ---- negotiations with Derby, 138-9. ---- ---- death of, 137_n_.

Mercer, Robert, 58.

Middleton, Sir George, summoned as delinquent, 13. ---- Lieut-Gen., 171. ---- Church, 32_n_.

Middlewich, 97.

Militia, 9. ---- ordinance, 10, 11. ---- ---- in Essex, 19. ---- ---- in Lincolnshire, 19. ---- Lancashire, disbanded, 174. ---- ---- reconstituted, 175.

Millgate, Manchester, 43.

Ministers, Lancashire, Hamilton's letter to, 164.

Mitton, Major-General, one of Lord Derby's judges, 197.

Molyneux, Caryll, afterwards 3rd Viscount, 27. ---- Richard, 2nd Viscount, 12, 84, 131. ---- ---- raises troops for the King, 21. ---- ---- notice of, 27, 28. ---- ---- at siege of Manchester, 42. ---- ---- at battle of Whalley, 81. ---- ---- leaves Lancashire, 86.

Monck, Col., 98.

Moore, Edward, 34, 35. ---- Col. John, of Bank Hall, 6. ---- ---- notice of, 34, 34_n_. ---- ---- appointed Colonel, 54. ---- ---- fortifies Liverpool, 95. ---- ---- at siege of Liverpool, 128-9.

Moot Hill, 81.

Morgan, Col., 102, 102_n_, 143.

Mort, Adam, Mayor of Preston, 58. ---- ---- death of, 64.

Mosley, Sir Edward, intercepts powder for Manchester, 54. ---- Nicolas, boroughreeve of Manchester, 14, 18.

Munro, Sir George, 160, 165, 168, 170.

Musgrave, Sir Philip, 94. ---- ---- occupies Carlisle, 160. ---- ---- surrenders at Appleby, 172.

Myerscough Lodge, 28, 28_n_, 120. ---- ---- Charles II. at, 182.

Nantwich, 80, 86, 117, 185. ---- besieged, 97. ---- relieved by Sir T. Fairfax, 98.

Newcastle, 115. ---- Wm. Cavendish, Earl of, 67, 68. ---- ---- victory at Adwalton, 89-90. ---- ---- summons Manchester, 91. ---- ---- retreats to York, 115.

Newton, Lancashire, M.P.'s for, 30.

Norris, Col., 87.

Northwich, 185.

Nottingham, 129, 165. ---- royal standard raised at, 21.

Nowell, Col. Roger, of Read, 55, 56. ---- ---- surrenders Lathom House, 146.

Oath imposed by Lord Derby on Lancashire, 57_n_.

Ogle, Capt. Henry, royalist collector, 58. ---- at first siege of Lathom, 104, 106.

Ogleby, Lord, 132.

Ordinance. _See_ Militia. ---- for disbanding the Militia, 174.

Ordsall Hall, 18, 18_n_.

Ormonde, Marquis of, 96, 97_n_, 179.

Ormskirk, 58_n_, 105, 141. ---- royalist defeat at, 133. ---- riot at, 173. ---- Lord Derby buried at, 204.

Otley, 165.

Pacifications, local, 55. ---- in Lancashire (1642), 56-8.

Padiham, 81, 82.

Palmer, Roger, M.P. for Newton, 30.

Pateson, Capt. Wm., 95, 120.

Penderel, Wm., 195.

Penrith, 163.

Penwortham Hall, 83. ---- Moor, 132.

Perceval, Richard, killed at Manchester, 18.

Petitions from Lancashire to Parliament, 9. ---- to King, 10. ---- from Lancashire recusants to King, 3, 10.

Pontefract, 89, 163, 165.

Poulton-le-Fylde, 72.

Pownall, Major, 166.

Preesall Sands, royalists land at, 188, 189.

Presbyterianism established in Lancashire, 156.

Presbyterians, Lancashire, difficulty of, in 1648, 160. ---- ---- manifesto by, 161. ---- ---- meeting with Lord Derby, 187.

Prescot, 58_n_, 95.

Preston, 67, 74, 80, 94, 120, 165, 188. ---- magazine seized by royalists, 13. ---- M.P.'s for, 30. ---- captured by Parliamentarians, 63-5. ---- importance of, 65. ---- retaken by Lord Derby, 76. ---- battle of, 166-8. ---- riots at, 173. ---- Charles II. at, 182. ---- skirmish at, 190.

Prestwich Church, 41. ---- Mr., 14.

Pride, Col., 167.

Queen Henrietta Maria lands at Bridlington, 78. ---- ---- prepares to invade Lancashire, 85.

Radcliffe, Sir Alexander, 13, 14, 18, 18_n_. ---- ---- at siege of Manchester, 42. ---- Molyneux, 104, 143. ---- Capt. Richard, 43. ---- ---- notice of, 43_n_. ---- Savile, 56.

Raglan Castle, 150.

Rawcliffe Hall, 190.

Rawsthorne, Capt., at first siege of Lathom, 104. ---- made Colonel, 129. ---- at second siege of Lathom, 143.

Read, Col., 167. ---- Hall, 82, 83.

Recusants, Lancashire, petition of, 3, 10.

Rhodes, Sir E., 170.

Ribble Bridge, 63, 132, 190. ---- ---- Scots defeated at, 167.

Ribchester, 81.

Rich, Col., 183.

Rigby, Alexander, of Burgh, 56, 58, 59_n_, 94. ---- of Layton, 194_n_. ---- of Middleton in Goosnargh, 6, 16. ---- ---- at the meeting on Fulwood Moor, 12, 13. ---- ---- prepares Lord Strange's Impeachment, 22. ---- ---- M.P. for Preston, 30. ---- ---- notice of, 33-4. ---- ---- appointed Colonel, 54. ---- ---- arrives in Lancashire, 93. ---- ---- takes Thurland Castle, 93-4. ---- ---- at first siege of Lathom, 102, 104, 107-9. ---- ---- at sack of Bolton, 120, 124. ---- ---- at second siege of Lathom, 145. ---- ---- summons Deputy Lieutenants, (1648), 161, 162. ---- ---- occupies Kendal, 163. ---- ---- dismissed from his command, 175. ---- George, of Peel, 58. ---- Major Joseph, 137, 175.

Robinson, Col., 188. ---- Major, 29_n_, 148.

Rochdale occupied by Parliament, 91. ---- riots at, 173.

Roscarrock, Col., 194.

Rossall Hall, 72, 72_n_. ---- Point, 71.

Rosworm, Col. John, engaged to fortify Manchester, 40, 40_n_, 41. ---- ---- at siege of Manchester, 44-6, 48. ---- ---- at Leigh, 61. ---- ---- at Preston, 63. ---- ---- at Wigan, 79. ---- ---- fortifies Blackstone Edge, 92. ---- ---- urged to betray Manchester, 119. ---- ---- at siege of Liverpool, 135.

Roundway Down, 68.

Rowton Heath, 142, 144.

Rupert, Prince, 100, 115, 179. ---- ---- letters of Lady Derby to, 21, 80. ---- ---- advances towards Lancashire, 116-117. ---- ---- occupies Stockport, 118. ---- ---- takes Bolton, 121-124. ---- ---- takes Liverpool, 127. ---- ---- at Lathom, 129. ---- ---- Court jealousy of, 130. ---- ---- surrenders Bristol, 150.

St. Anne of Dunkirk, 71-74.

Sabden Brook, 82.

Salesbury Hall, 62. ---- ferry, 81, 83.

Salford Bridge, 38, 43, 44, 46. ---- ---- affray on, 49_n_. ---- Hundred, 3, 7, 54, 58.

Sandbach, 117.

Say, Lord, Parliamentarian Lord-Lieutenant of Cheshire, 11.

Schofield, Cap., 69.

Scots invasion in 1644, 115. ---- ---- 1648, 163. ---- defeated at Preston, 166-168. ---- ---- Winwick, 169. ---- surrender at Warrington, 169-70. ---- invasion in 1651, 182-185.

Seaton, Sir John, ordered to Lancashire, 53. ---- ---- at Preston, 63. ---- ---- at Lancaster, 75. ---- ---- unpopularity of, 77, 77_n_.

Selby, royalist defeat at, 115.

Sequestrations, 153.

Sherington, Francis, 58.

Shrewsbury, 124.

Shudehill, Manchester, 43.

Shuttleworth, Col. Nicholas, 132, 161, 162. ---- ---- at siege of Chester, 149. ---- Richard, M.P. for Clitheroe, 30. ---- Col., M.P. for Preston, 6, 12, 56. ---- ---- notice of, 32-33. ---- ---- appointed Colonel, 54. ---- ---- engaged in Lancashire pacifications, 56. ---- ---- defeats Sir Richard Hoghton, 59. ---- ---- at capture of Preston, 76. ---- ---- at battle of Whalley, 82-84. ---- ---- skirmishes with Prince Rupert, 130. ---- ---- dismissed from his command, 175. ---- ---- visits Lilburne at Hoghton, 191. ---- Col. Ughtred, 161, 162. ---- Capt. William, 71. ---- ---- death of, 75.

Singleton, 72, 189.

Skipton, 78, 130, 135. ---- Cromwell at, 165.

Smithson, Major, 166.

Sparrow, Sergeant-Major, at Preston, 63. ---- ---- in the Fylde, 71-72. ---- ---- at Lancaster, 75.

Stafford, 54.

Standish, 12, 101. ---- Moor, 84, 168. ---- Col., 188. ---- Thomas, killed at Manchester, 47. ---- ---- notice of, 47_n_. ---- Thomas, M.P. for Preston, 30, 47_n_.

Stanley, Lady Amelia, 179, 202. ---- Charles, Lord Strange, afterwards 8th Earl of Derby, 12, 14, 200. ---- Lady Henrietta Maria, 27. ---- ---- letter of, 194. ---- James, Lord Strange, afterwards 7th Earl of Derby, 4, 5. ---- ---- character of, 6. ---- ---- made a Lord-Lieutenant of Lancashire and Cheshire by the King, 11. ---- ---- calls a meeting on Fulwood Moor, 12. ---- ---- suggests raising royal standard at Warrington, 21. ---- ---- joins Charles I. at Shrewsbury, 21. ---- ---- impeached by Parliament, 22. ---- ---- career and character of, 24-26. ---- ---- besieges Manchester, 42-51. ---- ---- burns Spanish ship, 72. ---- ---- occupies Lancaster, 75. ---- ---- takes Preston, 76. ---- ---- his attacks on Bolton, 69, 78. ---- ---- defeated at Whalley, 82-4. ---- ---- joins the Queen, 84. ---- ---- retires to Isle of Man, 85. ---- ---- urges Rupert to relieve Lathom, 116. ---- ---- joins Rupert's march, 119. ---- ---- at Bolton, 121-122. ---- ---- defeated by Meldrum in Cheshire, 136. ---- ---- negotiations with Meldrum, 138, 139, 139_n_. ---- ---- in Isle of Man, 177. ---- ---- made K.G., 180. ---- ---- lands in Lancashire 1651, 185. ---- ---- his interview with Charles II., 185. ---- ---- meeting with Presbyterians, 186. ---- ---- defeated at Wigan, 194. ---- ---- his capture, 196. ---- ---- trial and death of, 196-204. ---- Lady Katherine, 179, 202. ---- Sir Thomas, of Bickerstaffe, 14, 18_n_, 19, 20.

Stanwix, 163.

Stonyhurst, 166, 171.

Starkie, Capt., 68-9. ---- Col., 54, 56, 59.

Strickland, Sir R., 172. ---- W., 27_n_.

Swarbreck, 120.

Talbot, Sir J., 58, 62. ---- Lord, 195.

Tarporley, 149.

Thornhaugh, Col., death of, 168.

Throgmorton, Sir W., 188. ---- ---- death of, 194.

Thurland Castle, first capture of, 88. ---- ---- second capture of, 93, 94.

Tilsley, John, Vicar of Dean, 64.

Towneley Hall, 55. ---- Mr., 64.

Townson, Mr., 72.

Tunstall, 93.

Turner, Capt., 196.

Twistleton, Col., at Warrington, 184. ---- ---- one of Lord Derby's judges, 197, 199.

Tyldesley, Sir Thomas, royalist Col. and Maj.-Gen., 13, 20, 74, 95, 131, 164, 191. ---- ---- notice of, 28. ---- ---- at siege of Manchester, 42. ---- ---- at Whalley, 81-83. ---- ---- retreats before Assheton, 84, 86. ---- ---- joins the Queen, 86. ---- ---- at Bolton, 121. ---- ---- besieges Lancaster, 170. ---- ---- surrenders at Appleby, 172. ---- ---- at campaign of Wigan, 188. ---- ---- his death, 193.

Upholland, 188.

Uttoxeter, defeat of Scots at, 170.

Vane, Sir Harry, at York, 126. ---- ---- appointed to examine Earl of Derby's Papers, 196.

Venables, Capt., afterwards General, 61_n_. ---- ---- taken prisoner, 61.

Vere, Col., at second siege of Lathom, 143, 146. ---- ---- wounded at Preston, 190.

Wakefield, 89.

Walton, 132, 167.

Warrington, 81, 140, 165, 167. ---- proposal to raise royal standard at, 21. ---- Lord Strange's muster at, 41. ---- made royalist headquarters, 57. ---- unsuccessful siege of, 80. ---- captured by Sir W. Brereton, 86-7. ---- Scots surrender at, 170. ---- meeting at, 186-7. ---- royalist Council of War at, 188.

Wensleydale, 164.

Wetherby, 165.

West Derby Hundred, 54, 95, 131, 188.

Westhoughton, royalist victory at, 61.

Whalley, battle of, 82-4.

Wharton, Lord, Lord-Lieutenant of Lancashire, 11, 15, 16.

Whitchurch, 116, 142, 149.

Whitley, Higher, 184.

Widdrington, Lord, 188, 192. ---- ---- death of, 193.

Wigan, 67, 69, 74, 80, 101, 166. ---- M.P.'s for, 30. ---- first capture of, by Parliament, 79. ---- second capture of, by Parliament, 84. ---- distress in, 173. ---- Charles II. proclaimed at, 174. ---- battle of, 193.

Willoughby, Lord, of Parham, 19.

Windebank, Capt., 42.

Winwick, 87. ---- Scots defeated at, 169.

Worcester, powder sent from, to Manchester, 54. ---- Charles II. defeated at, 195.

Worden Hall, 29_n_.

Wrigley, Henry, Reeve of Salford, 39_n_.

Wyn, Sir Richard, M.P. for Liverpool, 30.

Wyre River, 72, 72_n_, 185.

York, 115. ---- siege of, 116.

Zancthy, Mr., Lord Derby's counsel, 198.

MANCHESTER UNIVERSITY PUBLICATIONS.

ANATOMICAL SERIES.

No. I. STUDIES IN ANATOMY from the Anatomical Department of the
University of Manchester. Vol. iii. Edited by ALFRED H. YOUNG, M.B.
(Edin.), F.R.C.S., Professor of Anatomy. Demy 8vo, pp. ix, 289, 23
plates. 10s. net. (Publication No. 10, 1906.)

"All the papers contained in the volume are real additions to the knowledge of the subject with which they deal. For three of the studies Prof. Young is either in part or wholly responsible, and he is to be congratulated on the vigour shown by the Manchester School of Anatomists."--_Nature_.

"This work affords admirable evidence of the virility of our younger British Universities. It is a notable addition to an already notable series."--_Medical Review_.

"This forms the third volume of the Studies in Anatomy issued by the Council, and contains contributions of considerable interest. The volume is well printed and bound. It speaks well for the activity of investigation at Manchester."--_Lancet_.

"The volume is well got up and is evidence of the continuation of the excellent work which has been carried on for so long a period, under Professor A. H. Young's supervision, and has been encouraged and stimulated by his own work."--_British Medical Journal_.

"Throughout the papers, careful research and accurate observation are manifested, and they will repay careful perusal. To the Anatomist, as well as the practical physician or surgeon, they will prove valuable."--_Edinburgh Medical Journal_.

CELTIC SERIES.

No. I. AN INTRODUCTION TO EARLY WELSH. By the late Prof. J. STRACHAN,
LL.D. Demy 8vo, pp. xvi, 294. 7s. 6d. net.
(Publication No. 40, 1908.)

"The Grammar as a whole is of course a very great advance on the pioneer work of Zeuss; Dr. Strachan had fuller and more accurate texts to work with, and possessed a knowledge probably unsurpassed of the results of recent progress in Celtic philology, which he himself did so much to promote."--Professor Morris Jones in the _Manchester Guardian_.

"To Welshmen anxious to study their native tongue in a thorough and scientific manner Dr. Strachan has here furnished an invaluable manual."--_Aberdeen Free Press_.

"An Irishman cannot but envy the University of Manchester; long since there should have been a University for Celtic Ireland, rearing scholars to work at these things that largely belong to Ireland--to her interest and to her honour--and to produce works as solid in scholarship and as nobly turned out in material form."--_The Freeman's Journal_.

"The work is an excellent introduction to the study of early Welsh. We can strongly recommend it to Welsh students; it is undoubtedly a work which no student of Celtic literature can afford to be without."--_North Wales Guardian_.

"The work is destined, of course, to become the text-book in early Welsh wherever taught."--_Western Mail_.

CLASSICAL SERIES.

No. I. A STUDY OF THE BACCHAE OF EURIPIDES. By G. NORWOOD, M.A.,
Assistant Lecturer in Classics. Demy 8vo, pp. xx, 188. 5s. net.
(Publication No. 31, 1908.)

"The interest of Mr. Norwood's book, which ... is a very welcome addition to the bibliography of Euripides, and a scholarly and interesting piece of work, displaying erudition and insight beyond the ordinary, lies in the way in which, by applying Dr. Verrall's methods ... he first shows up difficulties and inconsistencies, some of which have hardly been noticed before ... and then produces his own startling theory, which he claims is the great solvent of all the perplexities."--_Saturday Review_.

"Unless very strong evidence can be produced against Mr. Norwood's view, it must be accepted as the true solution of the problem.... Mr. Norwood is generally clear, and abounds in illuminating thoughts. He has added a full bibliography (running to twenty-three pages) of writings on Euripides, and for this every scholar will offer his sincere thanks.... He has done a very good piece of work."--_Athenæum_.

"This volume forms the first of a Classical Series projected by the Manchester University, who are to be congratulated on having begun with a book so original and full of interest.... It is admirably argued, and is instinct with a sympathetic imagination. It is, at the very least, an extremely able attempt to solve a very complex problem."--_Manchester Guardian_.

"Mr. Norwood demonstrates on every page his scholarship and knowledge, and gives proof of much painstaking research. The treatise is as valuable as it is interesting."--_Manchester City News_.

"It is a most ingenious theory, and a reviewer whom it has left unconvinced is all the more bound to give his testimony to the consistent skill, learning, and independence of judgment with which it is presented. The book ... strikes us as the product of vigorous and independent thought."--_Times_.

"Mr. Norwood's learned and ingenious argument."--_Westminster Gazette_.

"Mr. Norwood's proposed solution, though novel, is extremely plausible."--_Sheffield Daily Telegraph_.

"Lovers of Euripides may not be convinced by his subtle argument, but they will certainly find his book suggestive and stimulating."--_Daily News_.

"Mr. Norwood's book has even in the eyes of a sceptic the considerable merit of stating the hypothesis in a very thoroughgoing and able manner, and at least giving it its full chance of being believed."--Professor Gilbert Murray in the _Nation_.

"L'interprétation de M. Norwood est certainement très ingénieuse; elle est même très séduisante."--_Revue Critique_.

ECONOMIC SERIES.

No. I. THE LANCASHIRE COTTON INDUSTRY. By S. J. CHAPMAN, M.A., M. Com.,
Stanley Jevons Professor of Political Economy and Dean of the
Faculty of Commerce. Demy 8vo, pp. vii, 30. 7s. 6d. net.
(Publication No. 4, 1904.)

"Such a book as this ought to be, and will be, read far beyond the bounds of the trade."--_Manchester Guardian_.

"There have been books dealing with various phases of the subject, but no other has so ably treated it from the economic as well as from the historical point of view."--_Manchester Courier_.

"The story of the evolution of the industry from small and insignificant beginnings up to its present imposing proportions and highly developed and specialised forms, is told in a way to rivet the attention of the reader ... the book is a valuable and instructive treatise on a fascinating yet important subject."--_Cotton Factory Times_.

"Highly valuable to all close students."--_Scotsman_.

(GARTSIDE REPORT, No. 1.)

No. II. COTTON SPINNING AND MANUFACTURING IN THE UNITED STATES OF
AMERICA. By T. W. UTTLEY, B.A., Gartside Scholar. Demy 8vo, pp. xii.
70. 1s. net. (Publication No. 8, 1905.)

"Mr. Uttley is to be congratulated on the performance of a not altogether easy task, and his book, in conception and execution, appears to fulfil admirably the intentions of the Trust."--_Manchester Courier_.

"The writer gives ample details concerning wages and other features connected with typical mills ... and the information thus gathered is of interest and value to the factory operative as well as the student and economist."--_Cotton Factory Times_.

"Mr. Uttley describes how he visited the mills in various States in a very systematic and detailed manner. Altogether the report makes an admirable and welcome collection of information, and will be found on many occasions worthy of reference."--_Textile Mercury_.

(GARTSIDE REPORT, No. 2.)

No. III. SOME MODERN CONDITIONS AND RECENT DEVELOPMENTS IN IRON AND
STEEL PRODUCTION IN AMERICA, being a Report to the Gartside
Electors, on the results of a Tour in the U.S.A. By FRANK
POPPLEWELL, B.Sc., Gartside Scholar. Demy 8vo, pp. vi. 119. 1s. net.
(Publication No. 21, 1906.)

"The American methods of iron and steel production are described, from the practical as well as the statistical side."--_Manchester Courier_.

"Mr. Popplewell writes clearly and well, and he is to be congratulated upon having carried his task through in so entirely a satisfactory manner."--_Manchester City News_.

"America's progress in iron and steel is more wonderful than any bald statistics of production with which we are so familiar can indicate. How that progress has been effected--effected under labour, transport and other difficulties--Mr. Popplewell tells us in an interesting and keenly intelligent review."--_Manchester Guardian_.

"A minute observation of detail ... characterises the whole work."--_Iron and Coal Trades Review_.

"Mr. Popplewell gives a clear exposition of the results of specialisation in production, of the development of ore-handling machinery, and of the general use of the charging machine, features that characterise American practice. He shows, too, that the colossal blast-furnace with huge yield due to high-blast pressure, regardless of consumption of steam and boiler coal, is giving place to a blast furnace of more modest dimensions....

"The impression derived from reading Mr. Popplewell's report is that many of the most striking developments, admirable as they are, were designed to meet special wants, and are not necessarily applicable in Great Britain."--_Nature_.

"The book has its interest for the educationist as well as for the manufacturer."--_Scotsman_.

"A chapter of special interest to British consumers is one devoted to the consideration of raw materials."--_Glasgow Herald_.

(GARTSIDE REPORT, No. 3.)

No. IV. ENGINEERING AND INDUSTRIAL CONDITIONS IN THE UNITED STATES. By
FRANK FOSTER, M.Sc., Gartside Scholar. Demy 8vo, pp. ix. 106. 1s.
net. (Publication No. 22, 1906.)

"The report under review is of very great interest to those connected with the manufacturing branch of engineering in this country, many of whom will have to relinquish their preconceived notions regarding American methods, if Mr. Foster's conclusions are to be accepted."--_Electrical Review_.

"The book altogether is very readable, and one we can heartily recommend to all interested in the economics of engineering."--_The Practical Engineer_.

"Mr. Foster's observation of facts is fresh and interesting ... the technical side of his report exhibits much care."--_Manchester Guardian_.

"The book is well worth reading."--_Iron and Coal Trades Review_.

"There is much in the book which will be new to English readers, even to those who have studied the reports of the Moseley and other recent 'commissions.'"--_Belfast News Letter_.

No. V. THE RATING OF LAND VALUES. By J. D. CHORLTON, M.Sc. Demy 8vo,
pp. viii. 177. 3s. 6d. net. (Publication No. 23, 1907.)

"A timely and temperate treatise on a subject of growing interest."--_Pall Mall Gazette_.

"The writer is learned, intelligent, progressive, fair and lucid."--_Progress_.

"The facts and deductions are well put."--_Western Mail_.

"Chapters upon the scheme of the Royal Commission (minority report)--'Building Land,' 'The Future Increase of Land Values,' 'The Municipal Bill,' and others ... set forth with clearness and detail some of the many interesting and difficult subjects in connection with valuation, rates and rating."--_Estates Gazette_.

"Mr. Chorlton has made a contribution to this interesting controversy which is worthy of the serious attention of all persons interested in the subject."--_Local Government Chronicle_.

"The arguments for and against this proposed reform in the taxation of land have never been more fairly and freely stated."--_Liverpool Daily Post and Mercury_.

"Mr. Chorlton deals clearly and concisely with the whole subject of rating and land values."--_The Standard_.

"The impartiality and candour of Mr. Chorlton's method are beyond dispute, and his book will repay careful study by all who are interested in the question, from whatever motive."--_Westminster Gazette_.

"The first half of this book deserves to become a classic ... is one of the best books on a practical economic question that has appeared for many years. It is not only scientifically valuable, but so well written as to be interesting to a novice on the subject."--_The Nation_.

"This thoughtful and judicially expressed treatise."--_Manchester City News_.

"A very businesslike and serviceable collection of essays and notes on this intricate question."--_Manchester Guardian_.

(GARTSIDE REPORT, No. 4.)

No. VI. DYEING IN GERMANY AND AMERICA. By SYDNEY H. HIGGINS, M.Sc.,
Gartside Scholar. Demy 8vo, pp. xiii. 112. 1s. net.
(Publication No. 24, 1907.)

"The book will ... make a valuable addition to the technical literature of this country."--_Tribune_.

"The work is one which ... should receive the attention of those who desire a general view of the German and American dyeing industries."--_Textile Manufacturer_.

"A perusal of the work leads us to the conclusion that much useful work is being done by the Gartside scholars, which will give these young men an excellent insight into the working conditions of various industries."--_Textile Recorder_.

No. VII. THE HOUSING PROBLEM IN ENGLAND. By ERNEST RITSON DEWSNUP,
M.A., Professor of Railway Economics in the University of Chicago.
Demy 8vo, pp. vii. 327. 5s. net. (Publication No. 25, 1907.)

"Mr. Dewsnup's book is most valuable as it provides all essential information on the subject."--_Standard_.

"All those who are interested in this question, no matter what their economic predilections, may ponder with advantage Professor Dewsnup's pages."--_Newcastle Daily Chronicle_.

"The study brings together so weighty an array of facts and arguments that it cannot but prove instructive and suggestive to all classes of economists interested in its subject."--_Scotsman_.

"Professor Dewsnup's view of the whole problem was stated in 1903, in a form which won the Warburton Essay Prize at the Manchester University. Now revised and brought up to date, his valuable work has taken permanent form."--_Westminster Gazette_.

"Professor Dewsnup's book on the housing problem consists of three distinct parts, each of which is a valuable contribution to economic science. In Part I, Professor Dewsnup tries to give a clear and definite account of the evil with which authorities in England are called upon to cope. Avoiding all special pleading and all evidence of the sensational kind which is apt to give a false idea of the extent and intensity of the evil of overcrowding, he does not on the other hand fall into the error of minimizing the evil.

"In Part II, Professor Dewsnup gives a most excellent and well-digested summary of the legislation which has been passed by Parliament since 1851 to cope with the evils of overcrowded houses, and of overcrowded areas.

"In Part III, the strictly informational and statistical work of the previous parts is utilized by the author to support his own conclusions as to the best methods of dealing with the problem of overcrowding.

"Whether or not the reader agrees with Professor Dewsnup in the conclusions he draws from his data, every student of economics must be grateful to him for the accuracy and care which have gone into the collection and arrangement of his material."--_The American Political Science Review_, vol. iii, No. 1, February, 1909.

(GARTSIDE REPORT, No. 5.)

No. VIII. AMERICAN BUSINESS ENTERPRISE. By DOUGLAS KNOOP, M.A.,
Gartside Scholar. Price 1s. 6d. net. (Publication No. 30, 1907.)

"The book is calculated to give a clear and accurate description, essentially intended for the general reader," and the author has quite rightly eliminated everything of a technical character, giving his theme both the simplicity and the interest that are required.... The work might well have been doubled in length without any loss of interest.... Invaluable as a text-book."--_The Economic Journal_.

"Should on no account be missed, for it is a very good attempt at a survey of the enormous field of American business in the true and judicial spirit."--_Pall Mall Gazette_.

"Readable, informing, suggestive--full of interest for men engaged in almost every department of commercial life."--_Manchester City News_.

"A report of the general conditions of industrial work in the United States, together with a most instructive review of the education of the business man in their commercial universities."--_Manchester Daily Dispatch_.

"The report is full of information, and is suggestive throughout."--_Liverpool Post_.

"Concise, business-like and informative, it emphasises the difference between the economic positions of England and of America, and cannot but prove instructive to anyone interested in its subject."--_Scotsman_.

"From the point of view of an intelligent observer and collator, trained, alert, well-informed, bringing his mind to bear on the fundamental elements of commercial progress and success, it would be impossible to estimate it too highly."--_Belfast Northern Whig_.

(GARTSIDE REPORT, No. 6.)

No. IX. THE ARGENTINE AS A MARKET. By N. L. WATSON, M.A., Gartside
Scholar. Demy 8vo. 1s. net. (Publication No. 33, 1908.)

"A treatise informed with knowledge and marked by foresight."--_Yorkshire Post_.

"Full of first-hand information of recent date."--_Liverpool Daily Post and Mercury_.

"A valuable and thorough examination of the conditions and future of Argentine commerce."--_Morning Leader_.

(GARTSIDE REPORT, No. 7.)

No. X. SOME ELECTRO-CHEMICAL CENTRES. By J. N. PRING, M.Sc., Gartside
Scholar. Pp. xiv. 137. 1s. 6d. net. (Publication No. 41, 1908.)

"Concise, business-like, and furnished with some valuable papers of statistics, the report will prove well worthy of the study of anyone specially interested in this subject."--_Scotsman_.

"In this short book a considerable amount of useful information has been condensed, and one feels that the research has been fully justified."--_Birmingham Post_.

"We congratulate the author upon a very readable and painstaking production."--_Nature_.

"... The reviewer says unhesitatingly that this Gartside Report ... is the best all-round book on industrial electro-chemistry that has so far come to his notice."--_Electro-chemical and Metallurgical Industry, May, 1909_.

(GARTSIDE REPORT, No. 8.)

No. XI. CHEMICAL INDUSTRY ON THE CONTINENT. By HAROLD BARON, B.Sc.,
Gartside Scholar. Demy 8vo, pp. xi, 71. 1s. 6d. net.
(Publication No. 44, 1909.)

"An instructive and suggestive volume, containing much that is likely to be helpful to those engaged in the textile, dyeing and chemical industries of Britain."--_Manchester City News_.

"Well informed, well systematised, and written with businesslike precision, it deserves the attention of everyone interested in its subject."--_Scotsman_.

"For a good general account of the chemical industry on the Continent we think this report, so far as it goes, to be an excellent one and is, moreover, unlike many works on the subject, interesting to read."--_Chemical Trades Journal_.

"Clearly and intelligently handled."--_The Times_.

No. XII. UNEMPLOYMENT. By Prof. S. J. CHAPMAN, M.A., M.Com., and H. M.
HALLSWORTH, M.A., B.Sc. Demy 8vo, pp. xvi. 164. 2s. net paper, 2s.
6d. net cloth. (Publication No. 45, 1909.)

"On the whole, the authors offer a solid contribution, both as regards facts and reasoning, to the solution of a peculiarly difficult and pressing social problem."--_Cotton Factory Times_.

"... deserves the attention of sociologists."--_Yorkshire Post_.

"... reproduces in amplified form a valuable set of articles, giving the results of an investigation made in Lancashire, which lately appeared in the _Manchester Guardian_. By way of Introduction we have an examination, not previously published, of the Report of the Poor-law Commission on Unemployment. There is a large accompaniment of Charts and Tables, and indeed the whole work bears the mark of thoroughness."--_Guardian_.

EDUCATIONAL SERIES.

No. I. CONTINUATION SCHOOLS IN ENGLAND & ELSEWHERE. Their place in the
Educational System of an Industrial and Commercial State. By MICHAEL
E. SADLER, M.A., LL.D., Professor of the History and Administration
of Education. Demy 8vo, pp. xxvi. 779. 8s. 6d. net.
(Publication No. 29, 1907.)

This work is largely based on an enquiry made by past and present
Students of the Educational Department of the University of
Manchester. Chapters on Continuation Schools in the German Empire,
Switzerland, Denmark, and France, have been contributed by other
writers.

"... gives a record of what the principal nations are doing in the prolongation of school work. It is invaluable as a _corpus_ of material from which to estimate the present position of the world--so far as its analogies touch Britain--in 'further education,' as the phrase is."--_The Outlook_.

"The most comprehensive book on continuation schools that has yet been issued in this country."--_Scottish Review_.

"Professor Sadler has produced an admirable survey of the past history and present condition of the problem of further education of the people ... but apart from his own contributions, the bulk of the work, and its most valuable portion, consists of material furnished by teachers and by organisers of schools in various parts of England and Scotland, by officials of the Board of Education and the Board of Trade, and by local education authorities."--_Manchester Guardian_.

"This is a book which counts. It is a worthy treatment of an all-important subject, and he who wishes his country well must pray that it may be read widely.... I should be glad to think that I have said enough to send many readers post-haste to buy this invaluable treatise."--L. J. Chiozza Money, M.P., in the _Daily News_.

"This book will for many years remain the standard authority upon its subject."--_The Guardian_.

"It is indeed a remarkable compilation, and we hope that its circulation and its usefulness may be commensurable with its conspicuous merits."--_The Schoolmaster_.

"The whole question is discussed with an elaboration, an insistence on detail, and a wisdom that mark this volume as the most important contribution to educational effort that has yet been made."--_Contemporary Review_.

"The subject of the work is one that goes to the very heart of national education, and the treatise itself lays bare with a scientific but humane hand the evils that beset our educational system, the waste of life and national energy which that system has been unable in any sufficient degree to check."--_The Spectator_.

"It is a treasure of facts and judicious opinions in the domain of the history and administration of education."--_The Athenæum_.

"The volume represents an immense service to English education, and to the future welfare and efficiency of the nation."--_Educational Times_.

No. II. THE DEMONSTRATION SCHOOLS RECORD. No. I. Being Contributions to
the Study of Education from the Department of Education in the
University of Manchester. By Professor J. J. FINDLAY. 1s. 6d. net.
(Publication No. 32, 1908.)

"This volume marks a new departure in English Educational literature.... Some very interesting work is being done and the most valuable part of the book is the account of the detailed methods which have been employed both in the regular teaching in the schools and in the efforts to foster the corporate interests of the children and their parents. These methods are often exceedingly suggestive, and may be studied with advantage by these who do not accept all the theories upon which they are based."--_School_.

"Professor Findlay and his skilled and experienced collaborators give an interesting account of the uses of the demonstration classes, the nature and scope of the work done in them, and the methods adopted (as well as the underlying principles) in some of the courses of instruction."--_The Athenæum_.

"The book gives an instructive account of the attempts made to correlate the subjects of school instruction, not only with each other, but also with the children's pursuits out of school hours.... The problem Professor Findlay has set himself to work out in the Demonstration School is, How far is it possible by working with the children through successive culture epochs of the human race to form within their minds not only a truer conception of human history, but also eventually a deeper comprehension of the underlying purpose and oneness of all human activities?"--_Morning Post_.