Chapter XII: Jurisdiction of the Local Organs of the Soviets (13)

_Chief Tasks of Our Times, The_, 226, 439.

Children executed, 145, 146.

_Chresvychaika, The_, 154, 155, 169, 451.

_Civil War in France_, Marx, 356.

Civil War in Russia, 292.

Clergy denied right to vote, 46.

Coal-mines, low production, 228, 229, 262.

Coal:
transportation, 283, 285;
supply, 296.

Code of Labor Laws of Soviet Russia, 371, 374, 380, 381, 382, 390.

Commissars, Council of People’s, 54, 55, 56, 57, 63, 66.

Committee, All-Russian Central Executive, 53, 54, 56, 57, 58, 59, 60,
61, 66.

Committee of the Poor established, 109, 110, 111, 112, 114, 115.

Committees, extraordinary, brutal and corrupt, 4.

Commune of 1871, Paris, 356, 429, 430, 431.

Communes, agricultural, 86, 87.

_Communist Manifesto_, Marx, 353, 354, 356.

Communist Party:
hatred of, 33;
creation of, 35;
dictatorship over Russian people, 357;
responsibility, 358;
predominance of, in Soviet Government, 359;
in the army, 359;
mobilization
of regiments by, 360;
membership, 360, 361, 362, 364;
campaign for new members, 363, 364;
represents minority of organized proletariat, 365.

Congresses of the Soviets, The, 52, 53, 56, 57, 58, 59, 66.

Conscription by decree, 446.

Conscription of labor, 369, 374, 375, 376, 377, 378, 379, 380, 381,
382, 383, 400, 401, 406.

Constituent Assembly:
elections, 15, 16, 193, 194, 195, 417, 418, 426;
and land problem, 76-81;
convocation of, 141, 142, 158, 414, 415, 416, 420;
dispersed, 311, 420;
betrayal of, 421.

Constitution of the Russian Socialist Federal Soviet Republic, 62, 421.

Control Commission, the, instructions to, 216, 217, 218, 219.

Corn, transport, 285.

Corruption of the bureaucracy, 268-274.

Cotton-factories, idle, 286.

“Cottonized” flax, 288.

Cotton substitute, 288.

Council of the People’s Commissaries, 22, 23, 193, 194.

Council of Workmen’s Deputies of Petrograd organized, 12.

Counter-revolutionists, destruction of, 156, 157.

Courts of justice abolished, 149.

Cultivation, decline in, 113, 121.

Czarism, opposition to, 2;
ruled by brute force, 3;
developed bureaucracy, 4, 139;
destroyed, 426.

D

_Das Kapital_, 356.

Day-work payments, 281.

Death penalty, right to inflict, 156, 157, 158, 159;
abolished, 190.

Decree No. 903, 167, 168.

Deportation, provisions for, 152, 153.

Deputies, Soviet of, 59, 60.

Deserters, army, 446;
shooting of relatives, 447.

Desertion, mass, 210.

Deutsch, Leo, 321.

_Dictatorship of the Proletariat_, 225 _n_.

Dictatorship of the proletariat, 298, 306.

_Dien, The_, suppressed, 319, 320, 321, 322.

Dioneo-Shklovsky, on wholesale massacres, 144.

Disfranchisement, right of, 48, 49, 51.

Documents:
decree regarding grain control, 453-456;
regulation concerning the administration of national undertakings,
456-464;
instructions on Workers’ Control, 465-472.

Donetz Basin coal-fields, output, 228;
supply from, 296.

Dukhonine, General, murdered, 320.

Dumas, Charles, on village wars, 103;
on Schastny case, 173, 174.

Dumas, city, 195, 197.

_Dyelo Naroda_, quoted, 35;
suppressed, 319, 321, 322.

Dzerzhinsky, proclamation by, 183, 184.

E

_Economicheskaya Zhizn_, quoted, 88, 282, 282 _n_, 283, 284, 285, 286,
287, 288, 289, 293, 307.

_Edinstvo_, suppressed, 318.

Education, decrees on, 450.

Efficiency of the bureaucracy, 275-279.

Eight-hour day, 229, 232, 237, 349.

Elections, Soviet, 46, 47, 48.

Electoral franchise withheld, 45, 46, 47, 51.

Electorate, divided into two groups, 63.

Electric-lamp factories closed, 287.

Engels, Frederick, and the modern state, 8;
quoted, 9, 10, 128;
and Marx, 356.

Eroshkin, M. C., on Committees of the Poor, 114, 115;
and uprisings against Soviets, 148, 149.

Estates, nationalization of, 82, 83, 84, 85, 86, 95, 96;
confiscated, 96, 97, 98, 99, 100, 101.

Eupatoria, massacres in, 144.

Exchange stations established, 136, 137.

Executions:
mass, held at Rostov-on-Don, 145;
Mihont trial, 222.

Exports, 433, 434.

Extraordinary Commission for Combating Counter-revolution, created,
154, 155;
proclamation, 156;
shooting of people by, 158, 159, 163, 164, 165, 166, 167, 168, 169,
170, 171;
powers limited, 180.

Eyre, Lincoln, and the _Chresvychaikas_, 155;
on compulsory labor, 374.

F

Factories:
closing of, 87, 300;
confiscated, 205, 211, 216, 225, 227, 237;
abandoned by owners, 237;
nationalized, 300.

Factory:
owners forced out, 198, 204, 205;
councils, 198, 199, 200, 201;
owners recalled, 212;
control
under Provisional Government, 216, 217, 218, 219.

Famine, 121, 136, 138, 245, 246, 289, 290.

Feeding, class system of, 185, 186.

Fir cones, collected for fuel, 285.

Flax, production, 294, 295;
export, 295, 435.

Food:
army, 112;
hoarding, 122, 123;
transportation, 285;
supply, 433;
shortage, 435, 437.

Food-requisitioning detachments:
formed, 107, 111, 112;
reports on, 114, 115, 116, 117, 118, 119, 120;
unsuccessful visits, 122, 123;
resistance to, 136.

Freedom, promise of, 451.

Free trade, forbidden, 185.

Freight-tonnage, decrease in, 236.

French Revolution, 422, 424, 425, 426, 427, 428.

Fuel, situation, 285;
shortage, 295, 296.

Fuel supply, failure of, 244.

G

Gas, absence of, 288.

George III, and equal suffrage, 414.

Gendarmes, Russia ruled by, 3, 4.

Genzelli brothers, shot, 172.

Germany, peace with Russia, 308, 431.

Girondins, 427.

Goldman, L. I., on Jaroslav uprisings, 23.

Goode, William T., 154;
on judicial system of Soviet Russia, 178, 179.

Gorky, Maxim, on village wars, 97, 103;
“The Policy of Despair,” 107;
and armed force, 124;
on brutal methods of the Bolsheviki, 144, 145;
paper suppressed, 322.

Gostev, on nationalization of industry, 239.

Grain control, decree regarding, 453-456.

Grain:
shipments, 123, 124;
exchanged, 136;
control of, 104, 453-456;
profiteers, 105;
regulations, 105, 106;
requisitioned, 107, 108, 109, 112;
curtailment of production, 121;
hoarding, 122, 123;
speculation in, 122, 123.

Guards, Red, special privileges, 4.

Gukovsky, commissar of finances, on railway system, 236;
on marine transportation service, 236;
report on Budget, 238.

Guyot, Yves, 369.

H

Hand-cart, prize for invention of, 284.

“Hangman’s Journal, The,” 170.

Hard, William, and suppression of newspapers, 313, 314, 315, 316, 317,
318, 330, 342.

Haulage system, rope, introduced, 285;
instead of railways, 306.

Hides, production, 295.

Holidays, increase of, 228.

Horses, disappearance, 284.

_How the Russian Peasants Fought for a Constituent Assembly_, 142 _n_.

Hunger, unemployment cause of, 87, 88.

Huxley, 369.

I

Imports, 433.

Industrial allotments, administration of, established, 87.

Industrial establishments, policy of subsidizing, 238.

Industry:
nationalization of, 82, 236, 237, 239, 240, 241, 242, 243;
Soviet control of, 198, 213, 214, 215;
disorganized, 238.

International, Third, an instrument of revolution, 440, 441.

Ivanovsky, Michael, shooting of, 184.

_Izvestia_, on peasant uprisings, 117, 118, 119;
quoted, 24, 115, 118, 138, 143, 163, 170, 183-187, 195, 196, 197,
198, 205, 222-224, 262, 266, 268, 271, 305, 328, 378, 402-405.

J

Jacobins, 427.

“Jacqueries,” revival of, 74.

Jandarmov, on production, 210, 211, 212.

Jaroslav insurrection, 22, 23, 24.

Jews, persecuting of, 347.

Joffe, on “Revolutionary Methods,” 443.

Journals, suppressed, 5.

Judicial system, democratic, 149;
of Soviet Russia, 178, 179.

K

Kalinin, and conciliation of the middle peasantry, 134, 135, 136.

Kamenev:
on Constituent Assembly, 15;
and death penalty, 157;
and constitutional assembly, 193;
on profiteering, 304;
and universal spread of Bolshevism, 438.

Kautsky, and the dictatorship of the proletariat, 356.

Keeling, H. V., on suppression of Soviets, 27;
on Soviet elections, 33.

Keely, Royal C., and compulsory labor, 374.

Kerensky, A. F., Premier of Provincial Government, 2, 3;
land
program, 74, 76, 77;
and demoralization of industry, 91;
and deserting soldiers, 96;
and German counter-revolutionists, 157;
overthrow, 193;
on increased production, 210;
and industrial control, 219;
and help for industrial establishments, 238.

Kerensky, Alexander, translator, 283 _n_.

Kerzheutzer, on “requisition parties,” 116, 117.

Kiev, massacres in, 145.

Knielnitski, Bogdan, revolt of, 429.

Kobozev, Commissar of Communications, on inactivity of the workers,
237.

Kohoshkin, F. F., murder of, 143.

Kopp, Victor, on grain exports, 434.

Kornilov, on decline of productivity, 207.

Krassin, Leonid B., and reorganization of industry, 279;
appointment as commissary, 280;
industrial despot, 281;
reorganized system, 282;
and transportation, 283, 284, 285;
on the fall of Bolshevism, 307;
on grain exports, 434.

Krivoshayer, report on requisitioning detachments, 120.

Krylenko, and capture of General Headquarters, 320;
report on military organization, 446.

L

Labor booklet, 386, 387, 388, 389.

Labor distribution, department of, 383, 384, 385, 386.

Labor, time limit, 212;
low productivity, 297;
shortage, 304, 305;
conscription of, 369, 370,
374, 375, 376, 377, 378, 379, 381, 382, 383, 391, 400, 401, 409.

Land commissions created, 71, 72, 73, 74, 76, 81.

Landowners murdered, 72, 74.

Land:
seized, 72, 73, 74, 75, 76;
law, 78, 79;
socialization of, 80, 83, 87, 88, 89;
distribution of, 95-103, 426.

Latzis, on conditions in Province of Vitebsk, 117.

_L’Avanti_, of Rome, 350.

_La Vérité sur les Bolsheviki_, Charles Dumas, 103 _n_.

Laws, Russian, 39, 40, 45, 46, 47, 52, 53, 54, 55, 56.

League of Nations, Supreme Council of, 436.

Leather-factories, output, 286, 287.

Lenin, Nicolai, internal opposition, 1;
theories abandoned, 5;
and Constitutional Assembly, 15, 415, 416, 417, 419;
opposed Soviets, 18;
report on peasant uprisings, 119;
attitude toward peasantry, 127, 128-134;
and Menshevist Social Democrats, 127;
attempted assassination of, 140, 141, 148, 160, 161, 162, 164;
on terrorism, 147;
and death penalty, 157;
on elections, 194;
on success of Socialism in Russia, 222, 223, 224;
and Soviet meetings, 230;
and new-born bourgeoisie, 263;
on administration by single individual, 305, 306;
analysis of, by Rosa Luxemburg, 309;
estimate of, by P. Rappaport, 310;
contempt for democratic ways, 310;
brutal methods, 311, 312;
and freedom of the press, 332, 333, 337;
report on “Bourgeois and Proletarian Democracies,” 345, 346;
a tyrant, 351;
_Two Tactics_, 352;
and Marxism, 353, 354, 355;
on dictatorship of the proletariat, 358;
anti-statists, 371, 372, 373;
on compulsory labor, 375, 380;
and labor army, 392-396;
and equal suffrage, 414;
on freedom of speech, publication, and assemblage, 420;
new set of principles, 421;
and Paris Commune, 429, 430;
and universal spread of Bolshevism, 438, 439;
and Soviet direction of army, 447.

_Le Peuple_, of Brussels, 350.

_Les Bolsheviks à l’œuvre_, 147 _n_.

Levine, Isaac Don, on Soviet Russia, 37, 154.

_L’Humanité_, 350.

Liberty, the right of discussion, 313.

Lincoln, Abraham, quoted, 338;
and equal suffrage, 414.

Litvinov, and revolutionary agitation, 442.

Livestock, decline in quantity, 295.

Lockerman, M., on terrorism, 147.

Locomotives, lack of, 261, 262;
disabled, 292, 293, 299.

Lock-outs, 249.

Lomov, and return to capitalism, 247.

Louis XVI, overthrow, 425.

M

Machine-shops closed, 238.

Magna Charta, signing of, 413.

Malone, M. P., Colonel, 154, 155.

Manufactured goods, lessening of production, 138.

Marine transportation service, nationalized, 236;
demoralized, 236.

Martov, L., protest against restoration
of death penalty, 157, 158;
account of Schastny trial, 174, 175;
on red tape and waste, 284;
accuses Lenin, 321.

Marx, Karl, theory, 128, 425;
and social evolution, 241;
Socialism of, 339;
teachings, 353;
_Communist Manifesto_, 353, 354;
death, 353;
meaning of the term “proletariat,” 354, 355, 356;
and universal suffrage, 414;
_Civil War in France_, 431.

Marxian Socialists of Russia, 227, 271.

Marxism and Leninism, 353, 354.

Marx Printing Works, wage-system, 259.

Massacres, wholesale, 144, 145.

Material, raw, lack of, 238;
transportation, 293, 294.

Match-factories, output, 287.

“Meeting-holding” and loss of time, 230, 231.

Melnikov, P., and execution of children, 146.

_Memorandum on Certain Aspects of the Bolshevist Movement in Russia,
A_, quoted, 33.

Menshekov, on Soviet elections, 35;
report on production, 208.

Mensheviki:
opposed to Bolsheviki, 12;
stand on Soviet platform, 32;
faction of Social Democratic Party, 67;
party formed, 309.

Metal, transportation, 294.

Metal workers idle, 286.

Militarism, freedom from, 451.

Military Revolutionary committees, 26.

Miliukov, and government employees, 264.

Miliutin, on nationalization of industry, 239.

_Mir_, privileged journal, 325.

Mizkevich, publicist, 450.

Mobilization, forcible, 125.

Molot, priest, arrest, 164.

Money, loan, 238;
paper issue, 238, 246.

Monks, denied right to vote, 46.

Montagnards, the, 427.

Moscow railway workshops, decline in production, 228, 229.

Mothers petition for lives of their children, 146.

Munition-works, decline of output in, 207, 208.

Mytishchy Works, Moscow, loss of production, 228, 229.

N

_Nache Slovo_, fined, 329.

_Narodnoye Slovo_, suppressed, 319.

_Nasha Rech_, suppressed, 318.

_Nashe Yedinstvo_, confiscated, 321.

Nationalization:
of the land, 83, 85, 88;
of industry, 260, 280, 282;
policy, demand for abolition, 298.

Nationalized industries, financing, 288;
picture of, 307.

Nemensky, and government employees, 264.

Nevsky Shipbuilding and Engineering Works, premium system restored,
259;
closed, 286.

Newspaper, compulsory purchase of, 326.

Newspapers: suppressed, 313-319;
“nationalized,” 324;
fined, 329;
denied circulation through mails, 324.

Nicholas II, Czar, 62;
regulations, 343;
and equal suffrage, 414;
overthrow, 425.

Nikolaiev, on agricultural communes, 86.

Noble Factory, wage-system, 259.

_Notch_, suppressed, 320.

_Novayia Zhizn_, suppressed, 322.

Novotcherkassk, massacres in, 145.

_Novoye Vremia_, establishment seized, 323.

_Novy Looch_, suppressed, 321, 322.

O

Oberoucheff, Gen. C. M., quoted, 3.

Obligatory Regulation No. 27, 326, 327.

“Off days,” increase of, 228.

Oil, fuel, deficiency, 285.

_Okhrana_ (Czar’s Secret Service), reign of terror, 4, 46.

_Origin of the Family, Private Property, and the State_, 10.

Oupovalov, J. E., on suppression of Soviets, 29, 30;
on increased production, 209;
and trades-unions, 253;
on public assemblage, 340, 341.

_Outre Rossii_, fined, 329.

Overtime, 281.

P

Paper currency, worthless, 137, 138.

Pauper committees established, 109, 110, 111, 112, 114, 115.

Peasantry:
Lenin’s attitude toward, 127-134;
Kalinin on, 134-136.

Peasants:
voters discriminated against, 66;
uprisings among, 72, 73, 74, 75, 92, 96, 100, 101, 102, 148, 149;
character, 92, 93;
savage brutality, 93, 94;
soldier deserters, 96, 97;
distribution of land among, 97, 98, 99;
conflict with Soviet authorities, 98, 99;
resist grain regulations,
106, 107, 112;
city proletariat against, 107;
opposed to Committees of the Poor, 114, 115;
resist requisitioning detachments, 120, 121, 122;
curtail production, 121;
revolt against Soviet rule, 121, 122;
hoarding food, 122, 123;
resist forcible mobilization, 125;
and exchange stations, 136, 137;
robbed of grain, 137;
and Soviet power, 138.

People’s commissaries, 32.

People’s food commissioner, powers of, 105, 106.

People’s tribunals, cases and sentences cited, 93, 94.

Petrograd Soviet of Workmen’s Deputies organized, 12, 13.

Petrovsky, call for mass terror, 162, 163.

Piece-work system, 247, 252, 259, 280.

Platonov, on agricultural communes, 87.

Plechanov, George V., publication confiscated, 319, 321.

“Policy of Despair, The,” Gorky, 107.

Political offenses, special tribunals for, 150, 151, 152.

Politicians, ousted, 281.

_Polnotch_, suppressed, 320.

Potresov, Alexander, opinions of, 319, 320.

_Pravda_, quoted, 6, 26, 96, 110, 125, 128-134, 159, 194, 261, 317,
344-346, 363, 364, 447.

Premiums, 280.

Press Department, 325.

Press, Russian, freedom of, 315, 316, 317, 318, 322, 329, 332, 333,
334, 335, 336, 337, 339, 350, 351.

Prinkipo Conference, 441.

Printing establishments “nationalized,” 323.

Printers’ union, suppressed, 252.

Prisons, city, conditions in, 179.

Production, decrease under Soviet government, 208, 209, 212, 227, 228,
229, 241, 242.

Productivity, decline in, 204, 206, 207, 208.

Profiteering, proceedings against, 150.

_Program of the Communists, The_, 334, 439.

Proletariat:
dictatorship of the, 352, 353, 355, 356;
meaning of, 354;
uprising of, 355.

“Proletcult” of Soviet Russia, 450.

Propaganda, 441.

Provisional Government, the, 8, 12, 14, 15, 95, 197, 198, 203, 209,
210, 211, 215, 216, 226, 308, 414, 415, 426.

Putilov works, strike at, 248, 250.

R

_Rabatcheie Delo_, suppressed, 318.

_Rabochaia Gazeta_, suppressed, 318, 319.

Radek, and death penalty, 157.

Radek, and universal spread of Bolshevism, 438;
on Spartacist uprisings, 439.

Rakovsky, and death penalty, 157.

Railroad Workers’ Unions:
Congress of, 254;
merged with the state, 254, 255.

Railway system:
demoralized, 236;
operating expenses increased, 236.

Railways:
nationalized, 235, 237, 242, 243, 246;
deficits, 243;
service test, 243, 244;
collapse, 244, 246;
wood fuel for, 244, 245.

Railway transportation, 283, 292, 293, 294, 296, 297, 299.

Railway workers’ councils abolished, 236.

Rakitnikov, Inna, report on opening of Constituent Assembly, 141, 142.

_Ranee Outre_, fined, 329.

Ransome, Arthur, on Soviet Government, 32;
Bolsheviki sympathizer, 154;
on Red Terror, 180;
on powers of Extraordinary Commission, 181, 182.

Raw material, shortage, 301.

Razin, Stenka, revolt of, 429.

Red army:
deserters, 187;
whole families shot, 187, 188;
formation of, 447, 448.

Red Terror:
a reprisal, 140;
introduction of, 148;
a mad orgy, 160;
extent of, 177, 178;
ceased to exist, 180;
beginning of, 427.

Reed, John, 154.

Revolutionary Tribunal, the, decree constituting, 151, 152, 153, 154.

Revolutionary Tribunal of the Press, created, 328, 329.

Richter, Eugene, 369.

Reign of Terror in French Revolution, 422, 424, 427, 428.

Robins, Raymond, 154.

Romanov II, Nicholas, reign of, 330.

Rope haulage, 285, 306.

Ross, Professor, on strikes, 201;
on misuse of Soviet power, 204, 205;
on decline in productivity, 204, 205.

Rostov-on-Don, massacres in, 145.

Royd, Fanny, execution of, 174.

Rozanov, on agricultural communes, 87.

Russian:
Revolution, 195, 423, 425, 426, 427, 428;
Social Democratic Party, split of, 309;
blockade, 431-438;
peace with Germany, 431-433.

_Russkaya Volia_, suppressed, 319.

_Russkoye Bogatstvo_, suppressed, 322.

_Russkya Viedomasti_, suppressed, 322.

Rykov, A., and nationalization of industries, 239, 300;
on economic situation, 291, 292;
on transportation problem, 292, 293;
on production of flax, 294, 295;
and hides, 295;
and wool, 295;
on fuel situation, 295, 296, 297;
on grain, 297;
remedial measures proposed, 298, 299;
on textile industry, 301, 302;
as to the future, 302;
and skilled labor, 303, 304.

S

Sabotage, 150, 207, 210, 215, 220, 221, 223, 224.

Salt, disappeared from market, 288, 289;
substitute, 289.

Sawdust, substitute for sugar, 288.

Schastny, Admiral, trial and death, 172, 173, 174.

Scherbatchev factory, fall in production, 229.

Schliapnikoff, Commissar of Labor, quoted, 282 _n_.

Schneuer, Lieutenant, German spy, 320.

Sebastopol, massacres in, 144.

Seminov’s lumber mill, wage-system, 259.

Sentences, mass, 155.

Serfdom abolished, 92.

_Severnaya Communa_, subscription to, obligatory, 326, 327;
quoted, 25, 120, 166-169, 171, 179, 184, 185, 250-251, 258, 259-260,
342, 361.

Shingarev, A. I., murder of, 143.

Shliapnikov, protest against sabotage, 221, 222.

Shooting, mass, 170.

Shub, David N., on suppression of newspapers, 315, 319, 320, 321, 322,
323.

Simferopol, massacres in, 144.

Six-hour day, 349.

Skobelev, on seizure of factories, 205;
on decline of industrial output, 206, 207.

Smirnov, M., and execution of children, 146.

Smith, Goldwin, 369.

Socialism:
foe of individual freedom, 369;
critics of, 369, 370.

_Socialism, Utopian and Scientific_, 9.

Socialists, Marxian, 8, 10, 11;
join first Soviet, 12;
expelled from New York Legislature, 29;
and freedom of the press, 336;
press, 350.

Socialists-Revolutionists, party of, election, 417;
factions in, 419.

_Soldatskaia Pravda_, Bolshevist paper, 318.

Soldiers, peasant, deserters, 96, 210.

Soromovo Works, output, 227.

Soronov, shot, 184.

Sosnovsky, report on conditions in Tver Province, 117.

Soviet:
government in Russia, 16, 17;
system, 17, 18;
elections, 21, 22, 33, 34, 35, 36;
form of government explained, 38, 39;
estates, 83, 84, 85;
power, misuse of, 205;
increased cost of production under, 208;
control
of industries, 213, 214, 215, 219, 230, 231, 234;
control of factories, 216;
decree of instructions, 217, 218, 220, 225;
economic situation in 1919, 289;
official organ, 326, 327.

Sovietism:
merits of, 444;
increased bureaucracy, 444;
in industry, 445;
and direction of army, 446, 447;
impractical, 449.

_Soviets at Work, The_, 225 _n_, 226, 234.

Soviets:
formed, 12, 13;
irresponsible bodies, 13;
cleansed, 22;
dissolved, 22, 23, 25, 26, 27;
uprisings against, 148, 149;
waning power of, 195, 196, 197;
and decline in productivity, 208.

_Sovremennoie Delo_, suppressed, 318.

Spartacist uprisings, 439.

Speech, freedom of, 339, 420.

Spencer, Herbert, 369.

Spiridonova, Maria, on nationalization of estates, 82.

_State and Revolution, The_, 226 _n_, 373.

State loans, repudiation of, 238.

St. Bartholomew massacres, 144, 145.

Steffens, Lincoln, on Soviet form of government, 38, 40.

Steinberg, I. Z., “Instructions to the Revolutionary Tribunal,” 151.

Strikers, right to, 201, 248, 252;
wasteful, 204;
among factory workers, 210;
treason against state, 236;
epidemic of, 248;
suppressed with brutality, 248, 249, 250, 251, 281.

Strumillo, J., on suppression of Soviets, 30, 31.

Substitutes for needed articles, 288.

Suffrage, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 334, 335, 339, 354, 413, 414, 426.

Sugar industry, liquidated, 288;
sawdust substitute, 288.

“Sukharevka,” campaign against, 271, 272.

Syndicalism, 235.

T

Taylor system of management, 234.

Teachers union, suppressed, 252.

Teaching profession denied right to vote, 51, 52.

Terrorism and the Bolsheviki, 140-191.

Terror, mass, 162, 163.

Textile industries, decline in production, 229, 301, 302;
factories closed, 238;
idle workers, 286.

“Thermidorians,” 427.

Thomas, Norman, 330, 342.

Tomsky, on food-supplies, 302, 303;
on shortage of labor, 304, 305.

Trades-unions, Russian:
conservatism of, 17, 18;
and representation, 32;
right to nominate, 50;
Congress, 86, 87;
and agricultural communes, 87;
and strikes, 248, 252;
and wage-fixing, 248, 252;
and state capitalism, 252;
suppressed, 252, 253;
controlled by Bolsheviki, 252, 253;
deprived of power, 281;
status of, 382.

Transportation system, 91, 238, 283, 284, 285, 289, 308, 433.

Tribunals, revolutionary, critical and corrupt, 4.

Trotsky:
and internal opposition, 1;
on constitutional assembly, 15, 193;
and Jaroslav insurrection, 23;
dispersed constitutional assembly, 79, 80, 81;
and peasant uprisings, 121, 122;
and forcible mobilization, 125, 126;
on terrorism, 147, 183;
and guillotine, 148;
and death penalty, 157;
famous decree No. 903, 167;
and Admiral Schastny, 173, 175, 176;
on railway transportation, 293, 294;
on industrial failure, 301;
on dissipation of working-class, 303, 304;
on freedom of the press, 317, 332;
a tyrant, 351;
and communists in army, 359, 360;
and labor army, 391, 396-406;
denounced Kerensky, 415;
and universal spread of Bolshevism, 438, 439;
and deserters, 446, 447.

_Trudovoe Slovo_, suppressed, 318.

Trupp, Eugene, statement by, 163 _n_, 164 _n_.

Tseretelli, and decline of productivity, 204.

Tula Munition Works, strike at, 248;
premium system restored, 260.

Tyrants, defined, 312, 313.

U

Uprisings, peasant, 72, 73, 74, 75, 92, 96, 100, 101, 102, 148, 149.

Urals Workers’ and Soldiers’ Soviet, 21.

Uritzky, assassination of, 140, 148, 155, 158, 158 _n_, 159 _n_, 160,
161, 162, 163, 164, 167, 174.

_Utro_, suppressed, 318.

V

Vandervelde, Emile, on factory councils, 200.

Vasiliev, B. C., and execution of children, 145, 146.

Vassilyev, Dr. N., 321.

Verstraete, Maurice, description of Uritzky, 158 _n_, 159 _n_.

_V. Glookhooyou Notch_, suppressed, 320.

Village wars, 96, 97, 99, 100, 101, 102, 103.

Villard, Oswald, 330, 342.

_Vlast Naroda_, on village wars, 100, 101, 102.

_Volia Naroda_, suppressed, 318, 319.

_Vorwärts_, Berlin, 350.

_Vperiod_, suppressed, 329.

_Vsiegda Vperiod_, suppressed, 330.

_V. Temnooyou Notch_, suppressed, 320.

W

Wages committees, 202, 203.

Wage-system:
daily pay, 247, 252, 259;
piece-work, 247, 252, 259;
cash bonuses, 247, 252;
premiums, 259, 260.

Wheat reserve, 297.

White guards:
shooting of, 166, 186;
mass terror used against, 168.

White terror of the bourgeoisie, 140, 148.

Whitley Councils of England, 198.

Whitman, Walt, quoted, 338.

Women, liable to labor conscription, 382.

Wood fuel, transportation of, 244, 245, 284, 285, 295, 296.

Wool, production, 295.

Work-books, 386, 387, 388, 389.

Workers’ Control Commission, instructions on, 217, 218, 234.

Workers’ control, abolished, 281, 282 _n_.

Workmen’s and Peasants’ Revolutionary Tribunals established, 150.

Workmen’s:
supreme council, 214;
organs of control, 214;
superior court of control, 214.

Workmen, unemployed, 238.

Workshop committees, 199, 201, 202.

Y

_Yedinstvo_, suppressed, 319, 321.

Z

Zasulitch, Vera, 321.

Zemstvos, local, 195.

Zenzinov, V. M., on the Soviet Government, 31;
on freedom of assemblage, 339, 340.

Zinoviev:
on Constituent Assembly, 15;
and Red Terror, 141, 147;
and death penalty, 157;
on Soviet Russia, 290;
a tyrant, 351;
and universal spread of Bolshevism, 438, 439.

THE END

RECENT BIOGRAPHIES AND REMINISCENCES

* * * * *

_A DIPLOMAT’S WIFE IN MEXICO_

BY EDITH O’SHAUGHNESSY

_Intimate personal experiences at Mexico City and Vera Cruz during those dramatic months in 1913 and 1914, when Nelson O’Shaughnessy was American Chargé d’Affaires._

Illustrated. Octavo

_THE SUNNY SIDE OF DIPLOMATIC LIFE_

BY MADAME DE HEGERMANN-LINDENCRONE

_As the wife of a Danish diplomat she has many gossipy bits to relate of life in Washington, Rome, Denmark, Paris and Berlin._

Illustrated. Octavo

_IN THE COURTS OF MEMORY_

BY MADAME DE HEGERMANN-LINDENCRONE

_An American woman with eyes and ears would have had much to see and hear at the court of Napoleon III. It is exactly this fascinating story that is told in this book._

Illustrated. Octavo

_THE STORY OF A PIONEER_

By ANNA HOWARD SHAW; with the collaboration of Elizabeth Jordan

_Frontierswoman, school-teacher, preacher, lecturer, minister, physician, worker among the poor--and President of the National American Woman’s Suffrage Association--Dr. Anna Shaw tells her life history in an astonishing human document._ Illustrated. Crown 8vo

_MARK TWAIN: A Biography_

By ALBERT BIGELOW PAINE

_The personal and literary life of Samuel Langhorne Clemens._

Three volumes in a box. Octavo

* * * * *

HARPER & BROTHERS
NEW YORK ESTABLISHED 1817 LONDON

HARPER’S

CITIZEN’S SERIES

EDITED BY WILLIAM F. WILLOUGHBY

Professor of Government and Jurisprudence at Princeton University

* * * * *

_PRINCIPLES OF LABOR LEGISLATION_

By JOHN R. COMMONS, LL.D.

Professor of Political Economy, University of Wisconsin Former
Member Industrial Commission of Wisconsin, and United States
Commission on Industrial Relations, and

JOHN B. ANDREWS, Ph.D.

Secretary of the American Association for Labor Legislation
Editor of the “American Labor Legislation Review”

“_The best American text book in its particular field._”--_Prof. JAMES FORD, of Harvard University._

Crown 8vo, Cloth

* * * * *

_PRINCIPLES OF CONSTITUTIONAL GOVERNMENT_

By FRANK J. GOODNOW, LL.D.

President Johns Hopkins University

_The President of the Johns Hopkins University is an authority of international reputation. It will be remembered that he was invited to China by the Government to draw up a constitution. This book is not only a comprehensive statement of the subject, but it is clearly and interestingly written._

Crown 8vo, Cloth

* * * * *

HARPER & BROTHERS
NEW YORK ESTABLISHED 1817 LONDON

BOOKS ON TRAVEL

By WILLIAM DEAN HOWELLS

* * * * *

_ROMAN HOLIDAYS, AND OTHERS_
Illustrated

_LONDON FILMS_
Illustrated

_CERTAIN DELIGHTFUL ENGLISH TOWNS_
Illustrated

_SEVEN ENGLISH CITIES_
Illustrated

_FAMILIAR SPANISH TRAVELS_
Illustrated

_A LITTLE SWISS SOJOURN_
Illustrated

_MY YEAR IN A LOG CABIN_
Illustrated

* * * * *

HARPER & BROTHERS
NEW YORK ESTABLISHED 1817 LONDON

[Transcriber's Note:

Inconsistent spelling and hyphenation are as in the original.]

End of Project Gutenberg's The Greatest Failure in All History, by John Spargo