Chapter XXI: Conclusion: General Summary

Causes of the Perpetuation of the Name of Rome 366
Parallel instances: Claims now made to represent the Roman
Empire 367
Parallel afforded by the History of the Papacy 369
In how far was the Empire really Roman 374
Imperialism: Ancient and Modern 375
Essential Principles of the Mediæval Empire 377
Influence of the Imperial System in Germany 378
The Claim of Modern Austria to represent the Mediæval Empire 381
Results of the Influence of the Empire upon Europe 383
Upon Modern Jurisprudence 383
Upon the Development of the Ecclesiastical Power 384
Struggle of the Empire with three Hostile Principles 388
Its Relations, Past and Present, to the Nationalities
of Europe 390
Conclusion: Difficulties caused by the Nature of the
Subject 392