Chapter IX: Coleoptera (3)

First are the _Bruchi_. The Pea Weevil (_Bruchus pisi_, Fig. 556), which is brown with white spots, comes out of the pea at the end of the summer. The female lays her eggs on peas which are ripe, and still standing, in which the larva scoops out a habitation, and then makes its exit by a circular hole (Fig. 557). It remains at rest all the winter, and is not hatched till towards the following spring. The Bean Weevil (_Bruchus rufimanus_) marks each bean with many black spots. The vetch has also its special _Bruchus_. The Wheat Weevil (_Calandra granaria_), of a darkish brown, lays its eggs on the grains, of which the larvæ then eat the interior. A host of ways of getting rid of the weevil have been proposed. The best means is to store corn properly, and to keep the heap well aired. Let us mention further, the Clover Weevil, belonging to the genus _Apion_, the Weevil of the Rape (_Ceutorhynchus brassicæ_), the Turnip Weevil, &c., &c.

Fig. 556.--Pea Weevil (_Bruchus pisi_), magnified.

Fig. 557.--Pea pierced by the larva.

All vegetables, the vine, fruit trees, the ash, pines, &c., are eaten by some weevil or other. As an example we give a figure of the spotted _Pissodes pini_, which, as the figure shows, takes the precaution of cutting half through the young stems and the stalks of the buds of the pine, "so as," says M. Maurice Girard,[128] "that the sap flows only with difficulty into the withered organ, and cannot suffocate the young larvæ."

[128] "Metamorphoses des Insectes," p. 116.

_Scolytus_, _Hylesinus_, and _Bostrichus_, which are connected with the weevils, hollow out galleries between the wood and the bark of different trees, when in the larva state, and devour the leaves in the adult state. Fig. 559 represents the _Hylesinus piniperda_. The _Scolyti_ are sometimes so numerous in the forests, that the trees are tattooed all over by the larvæ. In 1837, they were obliged to cut down, in the Bois de Vincennes, 20,000 feet of oak trees, aged from thirty to forty years, completely ruined by the ravages of the _Scolytus_, whose larva is here represented (Fig. 560). The genus _Tomicus_, hairy, and of a tawny colour, are a terrible plague to pine forests. In 1783, in the Forest of Hartz, 1,500,000 of trees were destroyed by these insects. Often have the priests implored, in the churches, the Divine clemency, to put an end to the devastations made by them.

We arrive at the tribe of the _Longicornes_, which contains beautiful insects, of elegant shape and varied colours, sometimes also of rather large dimensions.

The genus _Cerambyx_ has the antennæ very long; they exceed in some of the species two or three times the length of the body. The larvæ are large whitish worms, which live in the wood of trees, the adult insects frequenting flowers, rotten trees, &c. In the month of June, on the Continent, one meets on the oaks with the Great Capricorne (_Cerambyx heros_, Fig. 561), of a dark brown, whose larva (Fig. 562) scoops out its galleries in the interior of the tree, and often occasions much damage.

The _Chrysomelidæ_ are other phytophagous insects, dressed in the brightest colours, having short and thick-set bodies. The larvæ, soft and ovoid, devour the leaves of trees. One of the best known species is _Lina populi_, of a bronzed colour, with red elytra, whose larva (Fig. 563), of a greenish grey, devours the leaves of the poplar-tree. The _Galerucæ_ and the _Alticæ_ belong to the same family, as also do the _Cassidæ_, the _Crioceres_, and the _Donaciæ_. The _Cassida viridis_ frequents nettles and artichokes; the elytra are of rounded form. Fig. 564 represents the _Crioceris merdigera_, a great rarity in this country. The _Crioceris asparagi_, or Asparagus Beetle, tawny, and barred with black, resembles it in habit.

The last tribe of Coleoptera comprises the _Coccinellidæ_, or Lady-birds (Fig. 565). These little globular, smooth insects, red or yellow, with black spots, are very useful to us, for they clear the trees of the aphides and other mischievous insects. Their larvæ (Fig. 566) make use of their front legs to carry their prey to their mouths. When danger threatens a _Coccinella_, it hides its feet under its body, and remains sticking to the stem of the bush. If you touch it, it allows itself to fall to the ground, but sometimes opens its elytra, and flies off rapidly. It also exudes from the articulations of its abdomen a yellow mucilaginous liquid, of a pungent and disagreeable odour. This is the only means of defence possessed by this little inoffensive being, which deserves in all respects the name of "Bête à bon Dieu," which the French children give it.

INDEX.

*** ITALICS ARE WOODCUT ILLUSTRATIONS.

Abdomen, The, 1, 167.

Abdominal Cavity, contraction and dilation of, 16.

Abraxas grossulariata, 268.

Acalyptera, 70, 85.

Acanthia ciliata, 94.
" lectularia, 92.

Acanthops, 291.

Acherontia Atropos, 203, 204.

Acilius fasciatus, 480.
" " _Male and Female_, 480.
" sulcatus, 480.
" " _Male and Female_, 480.

Acridium, 300.
" migratorium, 301.

_Acrocinus longimanus, Thorax of_, 6.

Acronycta aceris, Larva of, 151.
" " _Larvæ of_, 152, 153 (_three figs._).

Ædia pusiella, 269.
" _pusiella_, 269.

Ædipoda migratorium, 301.

Agrion, 423.

Agriotes, Larvæ of the Genus, 512.

Ailanthus Silkworm, 245.

Alimentary Canal of Insects, 8, _et seq._

Alticæ, 520.

Alucita granella, The, 279.

Amphidasis betularia, 268.

_Andrenæ, Gallery of an_, 367.
" The, 367.

Anomala, 456.
" Vitis, 456.

Anostostomæ, The, 300.

Ant, 313, 377.
" Ashy, 382.
" " _Male, Female, and Worker_, 382.
" Ashy-black, 382.
" " _Male, Female, and Worker_, 382.
" Black, 382.
" Blood-red, 382, 393.
" _Blood-red_, 390.
" _Brazilian Umbrella_, 379.
" Brown, 382.
" _Ant, Hill, section of_, 381.
" Jet, 382.
" Mason, 382.
" Mining, 382, 392.
" " _Male, Female, and Worker_, 392.
" _Nest, sections of_, 379.
" Red, 380, 382, 383, 390.
" " _Larva of_, 383.
" " _Male, magnified_, 378.
" " Pupa of, 383.
" " _Pupa of_, 383.
" Russety, 382, 390.
" _Russet_, 390.
" Turf, 382.
" Yellow, 382.
" White, _see_ Termes.
" " _Nests of_, 403, 410.

Antennæ, 5; Function of, 5.

_Antennæ_, 169.

Anthia, 489.
" _thoracica_, 491.

Anthocharis cardamines, 177, 178.
" _cardamines_, 177.

Anthocopas, The, 367.
" papaveris, 367.

Anthomyia, 84.
" pluvialis, 84.
" _pluvialis_, 84.

Anthomyzides, 70, 84.

Anthophora parietina, 364.
" _parietina_, 363.

Anthophoras, The, 364.

Anthrax, 51.
" sinuata, 52.

Anthrenus museorum, 475.

Antithesia salicana, 269, 271.
" _salicana_, 271.

Ant-lion, 402, 425.
" _Ant-lion_, 424.
" _Funnel of_, 425.
" _Larva, Cocoon, and Pupa of_, 425.

Apatura Ilia, 190.
" _Ilia_, 190.
" Iris, 190.

Aphidæ, The, 101.

Aphides and Ants, 128, 389.
" _and Ant_, 128.
" _Ant Milking_, 389.
" _Winged_, 117.
" _Wingless_, 117.

Aphis, Charles Bonnet on the, 120; of the Apple, 118; of the Oak, 121;
of the Plantain, 120.

Aphrophora, The, 112.
" _Larva of the_, 113.
" spumaria, 114.

Apiariæ, The, 314.

Apis fasciata, 356.
" mellifica, 356.
" Peronii, 356.

Aptera, Probable Dismemberment of the Order, 27.

Argyrolepia æneana, 269, 271.
" _æneana_, 271.

Articulate Animals, egg state common to, 20.

Ascalaphus, 427; Larva of, 427.
" _Larva of_, 427.
" meridionalis, 427.
" _meridionalis_, 427.

_Asida, Antennæ of a Species of_, 5.

Asilidæ, 49.

Asilus crabroniformis, 50.
" _crabroniformis_, 50.

Ateuchus, 458.
" Egyptiorum, 460.
" sacer, 460.

Attacus, the genus, 210, 241; of the Ailanthus, 245; of the
Castor-oil, 247.
" Atlas, 249, 250.
" _Atlas_, 250.
" Cynthia, 245.
" _Cynthia, Eggs, Larvæ, and Cocoons of_, 246.
" Mylitta, 241, 243.
" _Mylitta_, 244.
" " _Cocoon of_, 245.
" Pernyi, 241, 243.
" _Pernyi_, 244.
" " _Cocoon of_, 243.
" ricini, 247.
" yama-maï, 241.
" _yama-maï_, 242.
" " _Cocoon of_, 242.
" " _Larva of_, 241.

Attagenus pellio, 475.
" _pellio_, 475.

Bee, 313; Cells constructed by, 324; Bellows used to Stupefy, 355;
_Bellows used to Stupefy_, 355.
" _Cells constructed by_, 325.
" Banded, 356.
" Carding, 358.
" Carpenter, 364.
" _Cluster of, hanging to a branch_, 323, 337.
" _Larva of_, 331.
" _Leg of a_, 318.
" _seen through a Magnifying Glass_, 322.
" _taking a Swarm of_, 350.
" _Trunk of_, 318.
" Common, 317, 356.
" Humble, 313, 357; Male, 358.
" Larva of, 331.
" Leaf-cutting, 367.
" Ligurian, 356.
" Male, 319.
" Mason, 366.
" Mining, 367.
" Moss, 360.
" Queen, 319.
" Solitary, 362.
" Upholsterer, 367.
" Wood-piercer, 364.
" Worker, 317.

Beetle, Asparagus, 521.
" Bacon, 475.
" _Bacon_, 475.
" Bee, 441.
" _Burying, interring the body of a rat_, 471.
" Clock, Dumbledor, Shard-born, 458.
" Rose, 436.
" Stag, 461.
" Tiger, 494.
" Water, 477.
" Whirligig, 478.

Bittacus tipularis, 428.
" _tipularis_, 429.

Blaps, 497.
" obtusa, 498.
" _obtusa_, 499.
" sulcata, 498.

Blatta, 285.
" Germanica, 286.
" Laponica, 286.
" Orientalis, 287.

Blepharis, 291.
" mendica, 291.
" _mendica, and its Larva_, 290.

_Blue-bottle Fly, magnified_, 79.
" " _Retractile Proboscis of_, 80.

Boatman, The, 97.

_Bocydium globulare_, 115.

Bombus muscorum, 358.

Bombycidæ, 249.

Bombycina, 209.

Bombylidæ, 49.

Bombylius major, 51.
" _major_, 50.

Bombyx, 210; Caterpillar of, 220; of the Ailanthus, 245; of the
Castor-oil, 247.
" Atlas, 249.
" Cynthia, 245.
" mori, 210, 220; Apparatus for Stifling the Chrysalides of, 236;
Cocoon of, 237, 238; Larva, Pupa, and Moth of, 236.
" _mori, Cocoon of_, 235.
" " _Larva, Pupa, Cocoon, and Moth of_, 236.
" " _Spherical Cocoon of_, 235.
" neustria, 249.
" Pernyi, 241.
" processionea, 249.
" ricini, 247.
" yama-maï, 241.

Boreus hyemalis, 429, 430.
" _hyemalis_, 429.

Bostrichus, 518.
" capucinus, 397.

Bot-fly, The, 54, 60.
" _Bot-fly_, 60.
" _Bumps produced on Cattle by Larvæ of_, 64.
" _Herd of Cattle Attacked by_, 61.
" _Imago of, emerging_, 65.
" _Ovipositor of the_, 65.

Brachycera, meaning of the word, 47.

Brachycola robusta, 288.

Breeze-fly of the Sheep, 66.

Bruchus, 517.
" pisi, 517.
" rufimanus, 517.

Bug, 91; Egg of, 93; Means of Destroying, 94; Moquin-Tandon on, 93.
" Bed, 92.
" _Bed_, 93.
" _Egg of_, 93.
" Fly, 94.
" Needle, 97.
" Red Cabbage, 91.
" Red Garden, 92.
" Water, 90, 97.
" Wood, 91.

Buprestidæ, 514.

Buprestis, 514.
" albosparsa, 515.
" imperialis, 515.
" _imperialis_, 514.

Burnet Moth, 193.
" " Six-spot, 193.

Butalis, 279.

Butterflies, Copper, 179.
" _Different Forms of the Scales of_, 165.
" Hair-streak, 178.

Butterfly, Definition of, 165; Eyes of, 168; Flight of, 167;
Scales of, 165.
" Black Hair-streak, 178.
" Black-veined White, 175.
" Blue Argus, 181.
" Brimstone, 178.
" Brown Argus, 182.
" Brown Hair-streak, 178.
" Cabbage, 149, 176.
" Clouded Yellow, 178.
" Comma, 187.
" Green Hair-streak, 179.
" Green-veined White, 177.
" Large Tortoise-shell, 182, 183.
" _Leg of, armed with hooks_, 167.
" _Leg not suitable for Walking_, 167.
" Meadow Brown, 192.
" Orange-tip, 177.
" Painted Lady, 187.
" Peacock, 182.
" Purple Emperor, 190.
" Purple Hair-streak, 179.
" Red Admiral, 186.
" Scarce Swallow-tailed, 174.
" Small Tortoise-shell, 182.
" Small White, 177.
" Swallow-tailed, 172.
" White Admiral, 189.
" _Butterfly's Trunk_, _Section of_, 170.

_Cabbage Butterfly_, _Caterpillars of the_, 150.

Caddis Flies, 402, 430, 431.

Calandra granaria, 517.

Calepteryx, 423.

Callidium, 397.
" sanguineum, 397.

Calliphora, 77.
" vomitoria, 77; Réaumur on, 77.

Calosoma, 487.
" auropunctata, 486.
" _auropunctata_, 486.
" " _Pupa and Larva of_, 486.
" inquisitor, 489.
" sycophanta, 487.
" _sycophanta pursuing a Bombardier Beetle_, 487.

_Camberwell Beauty_, 185.

Campylocnemis, 489.
" Schroeteri, 489.
" _Schroeteri_, 491.

Canary-shouldered Thorn, Caterpillar of, 142.

_Canary-shouldered Thorn_, _Caterpillar of_, 142.

Cantharadine, 500.

Cantharides, 498.
" _Gathering_, 501.

Cantharis, 498.
" vesicatoria, 499.

Capricorne, Great, 519.

Carabus Adonis, 485.
" _Adonis_, 485.
" auratus, 484; Nervous System of, 18.
" _auratus_, 485.
" " _Digestive Apparatus of_, 9.
" " _Nervous System of_, 19.
" " _Secretory Apparatus of_, 11.
" auronitens, Larva of, 486.
" _auronitens_, _Larva of_, 486.
" _canaliculatus_, 485.
" _nodulosus_, 486.
" rutilans, 487.
" smaragdinus, 487.
" splendens, 487.
" Vietinghovii, 487.
" Carabus violaceus, 485.
" " _violaceus_, 485.

_Carpenter Bee_, _Pupæ_, _Eggs_, _Galleries_, _and Nests_, 363.

Cassida, 520.
" viridis, 520.

Castor-oil Plant, Silkworm of the, 247.

Caterpillar, food of, 143; Description of, _ib._; Scaly Legs of the
Gipsy Moth, 139; Looper, 141, 265.
" _Membranous Legs of a Large_, 140.

Catocala, 151.
" Americana, The, 260, 262.
" _Americana_, 262.
" fraxini, 260, 262; Larvæ of, 152.
" _fraxini_, 262.
" " _Larvæ of_, 152.
" nupta, 261, 263.
" _nupta_, 263.
" paranympha, 260.
" _paranympha_, 263.

Cebrionides, 512.

Cecidomyia, 43, _note_.

Centrotus cornutus, 116.
" _cornutus_, 115.

Cephalemyia ovis, 66.
" _ovis_, 66.
" " _Sheep attacked by_, 67.

Cerambyx, 519.
" heros, 519.
" " _Imago and Pupa of_, 519.
" " _Larva of_, 520.

Cetonia argentea, 440.
" _argentea_, 440.
" aurata, 437.
" hirtella, 439.
" splendidula, 438.
" stictica, 439.

Cetoniadæ, 437.

Ceutorhynchus brassicæ, 517.

Chærocampa Elpenor, 196, 200.
" nerii, 196.

Chafers, 436.

Chalcididæ, The, 288; Larvæ of, 314.

Chalicodoma, 366; Nests of, 367.

Charaxes Jasius, 190, 191.
" _Jasius_, 191.
" " _Larva of_, 191.

Chartergus lecheguana, 376.
" nidulans, 376.

Chelonia caja, 153; Larva of, 153.
" " _Larva of_, 153.
" " " _forming its Cocoon_, 154.

Chermes variegatus, 129.

Chiasognathus Grantii, 466.
" _Grantii_, 469.

Chigo, The, 30; Eggs not Hatched in the Wound made by, 30.

Chimatobia brumata, 267, 268.
" " _Male and Female_, 268.

Chionobas aello, 191, 192.
" _allo_, 192.

Chlorion compressum, 288.

Choreutes dolosana, 269, 271.
" _dolosana_, 271.

Chrysalis, 19, 146; meaning of the word, 160, _note_.

Chrysides, The, 314.

Chrysochroa, the genus, 515.

Chrysomelidæ, 520.

Chrysops cæcutiens, 48.
" _cæcutiens_, 49.

Chylific Ventricle, 9; its Appendages, 9.
" _Ventricle, Posterior Extremity of_, 10.

Cicada, 101.
" (_male_), 103.
" Ash, 108.
" _Larva of_, 107.
" (_female_) _laying her eggs_, 106.
" (_male_) _Musical Apparatus of_, 105.
" orni, 109.
" plebeia, 108.
" _Pupa of_, 107.

Cicadæ, 101.

Cicindela campestris, 494.
" _Larva of_, 495.
" _Ambush of Larva of_, 495.
" capensis, 494.
" _capensis_, 495.
" Dumoulinii, 494.
" _Dumoulinii_, 494.
" heros, 494.
" _heros_, 495.
" hybrida, 494.
" maritima, 494.
" _Pupa of_, 496.
" quadrilineata, 494.
" _quadrilineata_, 495.
" rugosa, 494.
" _rugosa_, 494.
" scalaris, 494.
" _scalaris_, 494.
" sylvatica, 494.

Cicindelidæ, 484, 491.

Cimex lectularius, 92.

Circulation in Insects, 12, _et seq._; Incomplete, 25.

Claviger, 473.
" foveolatus, 473.
" _foveolatus_, 474.

Cleptes, 314.

Cleridæ, 515.

Clerus formicarius, 515.

Cloëon, 419.
" diptera, 419.
" _diptera_, 420.

Coccinella septempunctata, 520.

Coccinellidæ, 521.

Coccus, 129.
" cacti, 129.
" ilicis, 136.
" lacca, 136.
" manniparus, 137.
" polonicus, 136.
" sinensis, 139.

Cochineal, 129.
" _Insects_ (_male and female_), 130.
" _Branch of Cactus with_, 134.
" _Gathering in Algeria_, 132.
" oak-tree, 129.

Cochleoctonus, 510.
" vorax, 510.

Cochylis francilana, 269, 271.
" _francilana_, 271.

Cockchafer, 445, 446; Larva of, 452; Pupa of, 452.

_Cockchafer_, 447.
" _Diligence surrounded by_, 450.
" _Larva of_, 452.
" _Pupa of_, 452.

Cockroach, 284, 285, 286.
" _The_, 287.

_Cocoon, after Réaumur_, 152.

_Cocoons, Sheets of Paper prepared for Moths with rows of_, 238
(_two figs._).
" _Apparatus for Stifling the Chrysalides in_, 237.

Colias edusa, 176, 178.

Colymbetes cinereus, 481.
" _cinereus_, 481.
" notatus, 481.
" _notatus_, 481.
" striatus, 481.
" _striatus_, 481.

_Comma Butterfly_, 187.

Conops, 54, 59.

_Conops_, 69.
" rufipes, The, 69.

_Convolvulus Sphinx_, The, 204.

Copiphora, 300.

Copris, 458.
" lunaris, 458.

Corixa, 98.
" femorata, 99.
" mercenaria, 99.
" striata, 98.
" _striata_, 98.

_Cornea, a compound_, 2.

Corydia, the species of, 288.

Cossus, the genus, 257.
" ligniperda, 257.

Crachat de Coucou, 112.

Creophili, The, 70.

Cricket, The, 284, 293.
" Field, 293.
" House, 294.
" Mole, 296.

Crioceris, 520.
" asparagi, 521.
" merdigera, 520.
" _merdigera, Larva and Imago of_, 520.

Crop, The, 8.

Ctenostoma, 497.
" _rugosa_, 499.

Cuckoo's Spittle, 112.

Cucullia verbasci, 155; Cocoon of, 165; Larva of, 165.
" " _Cocoon of_, 155.
" " _Larva of_, 155.

Cucuyo, 512.
" _The_, 514.

Culex, The, 35.

Culicidæ, The, 35.

Cursoria, 293.

Cybister, 477, 480.
" Ræselii, 479.
" _Ræselii_, 479.

Cynips, The, 394.
" insana, 395.

Cynips quercusfolii, 395.

Cynthia cardui, 187.

Cyphocrana gigas, 291.

_Cyphonia furcata_, 115.

Cyria imperialis, 514.

Dacus, 85.
" oleæ, 86; M. Guérin-Méneville on, 86.
" _oleæ_, 86.
" _Gallery formed by_, 88.
" _Larvæ of_, 88.
" _Olives attacked by_, 87.

_Daddy Longlegs_, 45.

Damaster, 489.
" _blaptoides_, 490.

_Death's-Head Hawk-Moth_, 205.
" " _Chrysalis of_, 207.
" " _Larvæ of_, 206.

Decticus verrucivorus, 299.
" _verrucivorus_, 299.

Deilephila, the genus, 196.
" Elpenor, 196, 200.
" _Elpenor_, 200.
" " _Larva of_, 201.
" " _Pupa of_, 201.
" Euphorbiæ, 196.
" _Euphorbiæ_, 197.
" " _Larva of_, 197.
" nerii, 196, 198.
" _nerii_, 198.
" " _Larva of_, 199.
" " _Pupa of_, 199.

Dermaptera, the Order, 284, _note_.

Dermestes lardarius, 475.
" vulpinus, 475.

Dermestidæ, 474.

Dichæta, The, 54.

Dicranura verbasci, 259.
" _verbasci_, 259.
" vinula, Larva of, 158, 259.
" _vinula_, 258.
" " _Larva of_, 258.

Diptera, Fecundity of the, 34; Divisions of the Order, 34; Meaning of
the Name, 33; Organs of the, _ib._; Immense Numbers of Species
of, 34; the Office of the, _ib_.; Strength in the, 24.

Dom Allou, Réaumur's mention of, 39.

Donacia nymphea, 23.

Donaciæ, 520.

Dorcus Titan, 466.
" " _Dorcus Titan_, 468.

Dragon-fly, 402, 419; Common, 422.

Drilus, the genus, 510.
" flavescens, 510.
" Mauritanicus, 511.

_Drone, or Male Bee_, 319.

Dynastes Hercules, 457, 461.
" _Hercules_, 464.

Dytiscus, 477.
" latissimus, 480.
" _latissimus_, 479.
" marginalis, 480.
" " _Male and Female_, 478.
" " _Pupa and Larva of_, 479.

Earwig, Common, 284, 285.
" " _Larva_, _Pupa_, _and Imago_, 285.

Echinomyia, the genus, 70.
" _grossa_, 70.

Écume printanière, 112.

_Elater, Jumping Organ of_, 511 (_two figs._).
" _Larva of the_, 511.

Elateridæ, 511.
" phosphorescent, 512.

Elenchus, 504.
" Walkeri, 504.

_Emperor Moth_, 249.

Empidæ, M. Macquart on the, 50, 51.

Empusa, 291.
" gongylodes, 291.

Enema infundibulum, 460.

Ephemera, 402, 418; Larva of an, 419; Pupa of an, _ib._
" Common, 418.
" _Larva of an_, 419.
" _Pupa of an_, 419.
" Respiratory Apparatus of, 17.
" vulgata, 418.
" _imago_, 418.

Ephemeræ, 51.

Ephemeridæ, 417.

Ephippiger, 300.
" vitium, 300.

Epinectus, 483.
" sulcatus, 483.
" _sulcatus_, 483.

Erebia Euryale, 191.
" _Euryale_, 191.

Erebus strix, 261, 264.
" _strix_, 264.

Eremiaphila, 291.

Eremobia, The, 311.

Euchlora, 456.

Eugonia alniaria, Larva of, 142.

_Eyed Hawk-Moth_, 208.

Eyes, 2; Compound, _ib._; Number of Facettes in Various Insects,
_ib._; in the Genus Scarabæus, _ib._; Crystalline of, 3;
Pigment of, _ib._; Simple, 4.

Femur, 6.

_Field Cricket_, 294.

Flea, 27; Jump of a, 22; Strength of, 28; Eggs of, 29; the Learned,
_ib._; Metamorphosis of, 29; Larva of, ib.
" _Flea_, 27.
" Grasshopper, 114.

Flies, a beggar eaten by, 73.

_Fly, Extremity on the Proboscis of_, 80.
" Lancet of a, 82.
" Executioner. 83.
" House, 83.
" Lantern 109.
" _Lips of the Proboscis of_, 81.
" Ox, 83.
" Spanish, 499.

_Forester, The_, 194.

Forficula, 285.
" auricularia, 285.

Formica cunicularia, 392.

Formicæ, 378.

Formica flava, 382.
" fuliginosa, 382.
" fusca, 390.
" sanguinea, 390, 393.

Formicariæ, 314.

Fossores, 393.

Fossorial Hymenoptera, 393.

Froghopper, 114.
" _The_, 114.

Fulgora lanternaria, 109.

_Gad-flies, Herd of Horses attacked by_, 56.

Gad-fly, 54; M. Joly on, _ib._
" Eggs of, 57.

Galerita, 490.
" Lecontei, 492.
" _Lecontei_, 492.
" _Larva of_, 492.

Galerucæ, 520.

_Gall Insect_, 395.

Galleria, Bee-hive, or Wax, 278, 348.
" _Galleria cerella_, 278.

Gallicolæ, 314.

Gallinsecta, 129.

Gall-insects, The, 314, 395.

_Gall, Interior of a_, 395.

Galls, Oak, 395.
" _produced by Insect_, 395.

Ganglions, Cephalic, 18.
" Lacordaire, M., on, 18.

Geocorisæ, The, 90.

Geometers, 142, 264.

Geometrinæ, the Family of the, 264.
" Caterpillars of the, 264.

Geotrupes, 457.
" stercorarius, 24, 458.

Ghost Moth, The, 257.

_Gipsey-Moth, Scaly Legs of the Caterpillar of_, 139.

Gizzard, The, 9.

Glossina morsitans, 74.

Glow-worm, 509

Gnat, The, 35; Water good for the Cure of Bites, 38.
" _The_, 35.
" _Antennæ of_, 36.
" _Eggs of, magnified_, 42.
" _Head of_, 36.
" _Lancets of_, 37.
" _Larva of_, 38.
" _Pupa of_, 39.
" _Trunk of, magnified_, 37.

_Gnats emerging_, 41.

Gnorimus nobilis, 445.

Goat Moth, 255.
" _The_, 256.

Goliathus, 439.
" cacicus, 440.
" " _Male and Female_, 442, 443.
" Derbyana, 440.
" _Derbyana_, 441.
" Druryi, 440.
" _Druryi_, 444.
" Polyphemus, 440.
" _Polyphemus_, 441.

Golofa claviger, 458.
" _claviger_, 458.
" Porteri, 459.

Gonepteryx rhamni, 178.

Grapta, C. album, The, 187.

Grasshopper, 284, 293.
" Great Green, 299.

Grave-diggers, 470.

Gryllacris, the genus, 300.

Gryllo-talpa vulgaris, The, 295; Nest of the, 297.

Gryllus campestris, The, 293.
" domesticus, The, 294.
" sylvestris, The, 295.

Guérin-Méneville, M., on the Sciara, 46.

Gullet, 8.

Gyrinidæ, 477.

Gyrinus, 482.
" distinctus, 483.
" _distinctus_, 483.
" natator, 482.
" _natator_, 482.
" _Larva of_, 482.
" striatus, 483.
" _striatus_, 483.

_Hair-Moth_, 282.

Halictophagus, 504.
" Curtisii, 504.

_Haliplus fulvus_, 481.

Harpalidæ, 490.

Harpalus æneus, 490.
" _æneus_, 492.

Hautle, M. Virlet d'Aoust's description of, 98.

Hawk-Moth, Elephant, 196, 200.
" Eyed, 208.
" Lime-tree, 209.
" Oleander, 196, 197.
" Poplar, 209.

Head, The, 1.

Heart, 13.

Helomyza, 85.
" _a Species of_, 85.

Helophilus, 52.
" _Larvæ of a_, 53.
" _Species of_, 53.

Hemerobidæ, 428.

Hemerobius, 427.

Hepialus, the Genus, 257.
" humuli, 257.

Herisson, 153.

Heterocera. _See_ Moth.

_Heterocerus, Hind Legs of a_, 7.

Hipparcia Janira, 192.

Hister, 467.
" _rugosus_, 470.

Hive, Bell-shaped, 351.
" _Bell-shaped_, 351.
" _Cells of_, 326.
" English, 351.
" _English_, 351.
" Garden, 354.
" _Garden_, 354.
" _in Leaves_, 322.
" Interior of a, 327.
" _Interior of a_, 327.
" Polish, 353.
" _Polish_, 353.
" Swiss, 352.
" _Swiss_, 352.
" _under Shade of Trees_, 355.

Homoderus Mellyi, 466.

_Honeycomb, Portion of, with Eggs in Cells_, 330.

Hop-dog, The, 253.

Hornet, The, 370, 375.
" _The_, 370.

_Hornet's Nest, Hanging_, 375.

_Horse-fly, Male and Female_, 57.
" _Larvæ of, in Stomach of Horse_, 58.

_House-fly_, 83.

Humble Bee, 313; Nest of, 358.
" _Male_, 358.
" _Nest of the Moss_, 360.

_Humble Bee's Nest, Cells from_, 359.

_Humming-Bird Hawk-Moth_, 195.
" " _Caterpillar of_, 196.

Hybernia defoliaria, 267.
" leucophearia, 267.
" _leucophearia, Male_, 267.

Hydaticus grammicus, 482.
" _grammicus_, 482.

Hydrocorisæ, The, 90, 97.

Hydrometræ, The, 91, 96.

Hydrometra stagnorum, 97.
" _stagnorum_, 97.

Hydrophili, 476.

Hydrophilus, Four Stages of the, 20.
" piceus, 476.
" _in its Four Stages_, 21.
" _Abdomen of_, 477.
" _piceus_, 476.
" _Pupa of the_, 477.

Hydroporus confluens, 481.
" _confluens_, 481.
" griseo-striatus, 481.
" _griseo-striatus_, 481.

Hydropsyche, 432.
" atomaria, 433.
" _atomaria, Larva, Pupa, &c._, 433.

Hydrous caraboides, 477.

Hylesinus, 518.
" piniperda, 518.
" _piniperda_, 518.

Hymenoptera, Fossorial, 393.
" Power of Flight in the, 24.

_Hypsauchenia balista_, 115.

Iassus devastans, 114.

Ichneumons, The, 394; Larvæ of, 314.

Imago, 19.

Inca, 445.
" clathrata, 445.
" _clathrata_, 446.

Insect, Names of the Principal Parts of an, 1; Various Stages of, 20;
Strength of, 21; Power of Traction in, 23; Classes of, 26.
" Leaf, 285.
" _The Adult_, 400.
" _Head of_, 1.
" _Mouth of a Masticating_, 6.
" _Organs of Circulation_, 8.
" " _Breathing in an_, 14.

Intestine, Large and Small, 8.

Julodis, The Genus, 515.

_Jumping Insect, Posterior Leg of a_, 7.

Kakerlac Americana, 287.
" insignis, 288.

Kermes, 136.
" Polish, 136.

Laccophilus minutus, 482.
" _minutus_, 482.
" variegatus, 481.
" _variegatus_, 481.

Lackey Moth, The, 249.
" _The_, 250.

Lady-bird, 520.
" _Larva of the_, 520.

Lady-birds, 521.

Lamellicornes, The, 436.

Lampyridæ, 509.

Lampyris noctiluca, 509.
" " _Male and Female_, 509.

Lantern Fly, The, 110.

Larva, 19; Meaning of the Word, 20.
" _The_, 400.
" _Aquatic, Branchiæ of_, 17.

Leaf-rollers, 272.

Lecheguana, The, 376.

Legs of Insects, 6, _et seq._

Leopard, Wood, 257.

Le petit Diable, 116.

Lepidoptera, Meaning of the Word, 138; Antennæ of, 169.

Leptidæ, 49.

Libellula, 402, 419.
" depressa, 422.
" _depressa_, 422.
" _Larva of perfect Insect emerging_, 421.

_Lime Hawk-Moth_, 207.
" " _Larva of_, 208.

Limenitis Camilla, 189.
" _Camilla_, 189.
" Sibilla, 189.

Lina populi, 520.
" " _Larva of_, 520.

Lions des Pucerons, 427.

Liparis, The Genus, 210.
" chrysorrhoea, 253.
" _chrysorrhoea_, 254.

Lobster Moth, 259.
" " _Larva of_, 259.

Locust, 284, 293, 301.

_Locust_, 301.
" _A Cloud of in Algeria_, 303.

Locusta viridissima, 299.

Longicornes, 519.

_Looper Caterpillar_, 141, 144 (_four figs._).
" " _Hanging by its Thread_, 265 (_five figs._).

Lophyrus pini, 399.
" _pini_, 399.

Louse, 31; Means Employed to Kill, 31; of the Bee, 348.
" _magnified_, 31.
" Plant, 101, 116.

Lucanus, 465.
" bellicosus, 466.
" _bellicosus_, 467.
" cervus, 466.
" Mellyi, 466.
" _Mellyi_, 466.

Lucilia Cæsar, The, 72.
" hominivorax, The, 72.
" _hominivorax_, 72.

Luciola Italica, 510.

Lycæna, Genus, 180.
" Ægon, 182.
" _Ægon_, 182.
" Battus, 181.
" _Battus_, 182.
" Corydon, 181.
" _Corydon_, 182.
" _See_ Polyommatus.

Lycænidæ, Family of the, 178.

Lycus, The Genus, 510.
" latissimus, 510.

Lygæus, Genus, 91, 92.

Lytta, 498.
" vesicatoria, 499.

Macroglossa, The Genus, 194.
" stellatarum, 194.
" " _Pupa of_, 196.

Malpighian Vessels, 11.

Mandibles, Nerves of the, 18.

Manticora, 497.
" tuberculata, 498.
" _tuberculata_, 498.

Mantidæ, The, 288.

Mantis, The Genus, 284, 285.
" oratoria, 289.
" religiosa, 289, 290.
" _religiosa, and its Larva_, 290.

Mantispa, 423.
" pagana, 423.
" _pagana_, 423.

Marte, Le, 153.

Mason Bee, Nest of, 364.
" " _and Nest_, 364.
" " _Interior of the Nest of the_, 365.

May-fly, 418; Respiratory Apparatus of, 418.

_Meadow Brown_, 192.

Meal-worm, 498.

_Meat-fly_, _Eggs of_, 77.
" _Lancet of_, 83.
" _Trunk of_, 79 (_two figs._).

_Megacerus chorinæus_, 463.

Megachile, 367.
" centuncularis, 366.
" Rose, 366.

Megalosoma anubis, 461, 463.
" _Male and Female_, 463, 464.

Melasoma, 497.

Melipona, 356, 357.
" _a Species of_, 357.
" scutellaris, Nest of, 357.

Meloë, 507.
" proscarabæus, 507.

Melolontha, 445.
" fullo, 456.
" Hippocastani, 456.
" vulgaris, 447; Larva of, 452; Pupa of, _ib._

_Membracis foliata_, 115.

Mérian, Mdlle. Sybille de, 111.

Metamorphoses, 21.

Migratory Locust, 301.

_Mole Cricket_, 295.
" Nest of the, 297.
" _Nest of the_, 297.

Mormolyce phyllodes, 491.
" _phyllodes_, 493.
" " _Larva and Pupa of_, 493.

Moth, Definition of, 193.
" Bee-hive, 270.
" Brown-tailed, 253.
" Burdock, 282.
" Carpet, 282.
" Cherry-tree, 282.
" Clothes, 270.
" Currant, 268.
" Emperor, 249.
" Fur, or Skin, 279, 282.
" Hair, 279, 282.
" Hawthorn, 282.
" Peppered, 268.
" Procession, 249.
" Rustic, 282.
" Winter, 267.
" Woollen, 279.
" _attached to piece of cloth_, 282.
" _just emerged_, 163.
" _whose wings are developing_, 164.
" _whose wings are developed_, 164.
" _whose wings are folded up_, 163.
" _portion of wing of, magnified_, 166.

Mouches Papilionacées, 431.

Mouth of Insects, 1, 5.

_Mulberry Leaves, the Empress Si-ling-chi Gathering_, 213.

Musca bovina, 83.
" carnifex, 83.
" domestica, 83.

Muscides, The, 70; M. Macquart on the, 70.

Mutilla Europæa, 393.
" " _Male and Female_, 393.

Mylabris chicorii, 500.

Myrmeleo, 424.
" formicarius, 425.
" libelluloides, 426; Larva of, 427.
" _libelluloides_, 426.
" " _Larva of_, 427.

Myrmeleonidæ, 424.

Myrmeleonides, 402.

Myrmicæ, The, 378.

Myrmica rubra, The, 378, 382; Larva of, 383; Pupa of, 383.

Myzoxylus mali, 118.

Nebria, 489.
" arenaria, 489.
" _arenaria_, 488.
" brevicollis, 23.

Necrobia, Genus, 515; Meaning of the Name, _ib._
" ruficollis, 516.

Necrodes, 469.
" lacrymosa, 470.
" _lacrymosa_, 470.
" littoralis, 470.
" " _Male and Female_, 470.

Necrophorus, 467, 470.
" Germanicus, 472.
" _Germanicus_, 472.
" vespillo, 23, 471.
" _vespillo_, 472.

Nemobius sylvestris, 295.

Nemoptera, 427.
" Coa, 428.
" _Coa_, 428.

Nemoura, 416.
" _Larva of a_, 416.
" variegata, 417.
" _variegata_, 417.
" " _Larva of_, 417.

Nepa, 97.
" cinerea, 97.
" _cinerea_, 97.

Nervous System in Insects, 18.

Neuroptera, Strength of, 24.

Noctua brunnea, The, 260.
" _brunnea_, 261.
" musiva, 260.
" _musiva_, 261.
" nebulosa, 260.
" _nebulosa_, 260.
" tegamon, 260.
" _tegamon_, 260.

Noctuina, The Group, 259; Caterpillars of the, 261.

Noterus crassicornis, 480.
" _crassicornis_, 480.

Notonecta, 97, 99.
" glauca, M. Léon Dufour on the, 99, 100.
" _glauca_, 100.

Nymph, 19.

Nymphalidæ, The Family, 189.

Nyssia zonaria, The, 268.
" " _Male and Female_, 268.

_Oak leaf rolled perpendicularly_, 272.
" " _rolled sideways_, 272.

Ocelli, 2, 4.

Ocypus olens, 473.

Odynerus, 376.
" _Larvæ of_, 377.
" _Nest of_, 377.
" _Pupa of_, 377.
" _Species of_, 377.

OEcanthus, 296.

OEcophora, 270; Caterpillars of the Genus, 282.

OEsophagus, 8.

OEstrus, 54; Parasitical on Man, _ib._; M. Joly on, 54, 59.
" bovis, 60.
" equi, 54.
" ovis, 66.

Ommexeca, 312.

Omophron, 489.
" _libatum_, 488.

Omus, 497.

Onthophagus nuchicornis, 24.

Ophion, 394.
" _a Species of_, 395.

Orange-tipped Butterfly, 177.

Orgyia, 210, 252.
" pudibunda, 253.
" _pudibunda_, 253.

Ortalidæ, 85.

Ortalis, the Cherry-tree, 86.

Oryctes nasicornis, 23, 456.
" " _Male_, 457.
" " " _Head of_, 457.
" " _Female, Head of_, 457.

Osmia, 366.
" bicornis, 366, _note_.

Osmoderma eremita, 443.

Osmylus maculatus, 428.
" _maculatus_, 428.

Ovipositor, 20.

_Painted Lady Butterfly_, 186.

Palpi, 6.

Panorpas, 428.

_Panorpa_, _Male and Female_, 428.
" (_Female_) _Laying_, 429.
" (_Male_), _Pincer of_, 429.

Panorpatæ, 402, 428.

Papilio, 172.
" Alexanor, 173, 174.

_Papilio Alexanor_, 173.
" Hospiton, 174.
" Machaon, 172; Larva of, 172.
" " _Larva and Chrysalis of_, 172.
" Podalirius, 172, 174.

Papilionidæ, Family of the, 171.

Parnassius, The Genus, 171.
" Apollo, 171, 175.
" _Apollo_, 175.
" Mnemosyne, 171, 175.

_Pea Pierced by the Larva_, 517.

_Pea Weevil, magnified_, 517.

_Peacock Butterfly_, 184.

Pediculus capitis, 31.

Pegomyas, The, 84.

Pelobius Hermanni, 482.
" _Hermannii_, 482.

Pentatoma, 91.
" Blue, 92.
" Grey, 91.
" _Grey_, 91.
" ornata, 91.

Penthina pruniana, 269.
" _pruniana_, 269.

Perla, 416.
" bicaudata, 416.
" _bicaudata_, 417.
" " _Larva of_, 416.
" marginata, 416.
" _marginata_, 416.

Phalanges of the foot, 6.

Phaneroptera, 300.

Phasma, 285, 291.
" gigas, 291.
" Rossia, 291.
" " _Male, Female, and Larva_, 292.

Philanthus, 393.
" triangulum, 393.
" _triangulum_, 393.

Philobacera fagana, 269.
" _fagana_, 270.

Phryganea, 51, 425.
" atomaria, 433.
" flavicornis, 431.
" pilosa, 432.
" rhombica, 430, 431.
" _Regular Cases of_, 431.
" _pilosa_, 432.
" " _Pupa of_, _magnified_, 432.
" _rhombica_, 430.
" _Larva of_, 430.

_Phryganea in repose_, 430.

Phryganidæ, 402, 424, 430.

Phthiriasis, the Disease called, 32.

Phyllium, The Genus, 291.

Pieridæ, The Family of the, 175.

Pieris brassicæ, 149, 176; Pupæ of the, 151.
" _brassicæ_, 176.
" " _Caterpillar and Chrysalis of_, 151, 177.
" " _Pupæ of_, 151.
" Callidice, 175, 176, 177.
" cratægi, 175.
" napi, 175, 177.
" _napi_, 177.
" rapæ, 177.

Pimelia bipunctata, 498.

Pimelides, 498.

_Pimpernel, small Caterpillar of_, 154.
" _Cocoon of the_, 154.

_Pimpla_, _a Species of_, 394.

Pissodes pini, 517.
" _pini_, 518.

Platydactylus, 296.

Pneumoræ, 312.

Poedisca autumnana, The, 269.
" _autumnana_, 270.
" occultana, The, 269, 271.
" _occultana_, 271.

Pogonostoma, 497.
" _gracilis_, 498.

Polistes, 375.
" gallica, 370; Nest of, 376.
" _gallica_, 370.
" " _Nest of_, 376.

Polyergus, 379.
" rufescens, 382, 390.

Polyommatus, 181.
" Gordius, The, 180.
" _Gordius_, 181.
" phlæas, 179.
" _Small Copper_, 180.
" virgaureæ, 181.
" _virgaureæ_, 181.
" _See_ Lycæna.

Pompilus, 393.

Ponera, 378.

_Poplar Hawk-Moth_, 209.
" " _Larva of_, 210.

_Privet Hawk-Moth_, 202.
" " _Larva of_, 203.

Procerus, 489.
" gigas, 489.
" _gigas_, 488.

Procession Moth, Larvæ of the, 252.
" " _Larvæ of_, 252.

Procris, 194.
" statices, 194.

Procrustes, 489.
" coriaceus, 489.
" _coriaceus_, 488.

Pselaphus, 473.
" Heisii, 473.
" _Heisii_, 474.

Psithyrus, 362.

Psyche, 254.
" graminella, 254.
" _graminella_, 254.
" " _Case of_, 254.
" " _Larva of_, 254.
" muscella, 254.
" _muscella_, 254.
" " _Case of_, 254.
" rubicolella, 254.
" _rubicolella, Case of_, 254.

Ptilodactylides, 512.

Pulex irritans, 27.
" penetrans, 30.

Pupa, 19.
" _a Conical_, 159.
" _having Angular Projections_, 159.
" _of a Butterfly_, _Angular_, 159.

Puss Moth, Larva of the, 158.

Pyralina, the Section, 268.

Pyralis of the Vines, 270, 275, 276; Caterpillar of, 276;
Chrysalis of the, 276.
" corticalis, Cocoon of, 157.
" _corticalis, Cocoon of_, 157.

Pyrophorus, 512.
" noctilucus, 513.

_Queen (or Female) Bee_, 319.

Ram Sphinx of Geoffroy, 193.

Ranatra, 98.

Raphidia, 423.
" _Larva of a_, 423.
" _Male_, 423.
" _Pupa of a_, 423.

Raphigaster griseus, 91.

Rat-tailed Maggot, 53.

_Red Admiral Butterfly_, 186.

Red Underwing Moth, 261.

Reduvius, 91.
" personatus, 94; De Geer on, 95.
" _personatus_, _Pupa of_, 96 (_two figs._).

Régnier's Dynamometer, 22.

Respiratory System, 13; Lyonet's Discovery of, in the Caterpillar of
the Goat-Moth, 15; M. Milne-Edwards on, 16; of
Aquatic Insects, 16.

Rhipiptera, 503.

Rhizotrogus, 456.

Rhodocera rhamni, 176, 178.

Rhopalocera, 171.

Rhyacophilus, 432.
" _vulgatus_, 433.
" _Larva, Pupa, Cocoon, and Imago_, 433.

Robin's Cushion, 395.

_Rose Beetle_, 437.
" " _Larva and Cocoon of_, 438.

_Rose Megachile_, 366.

Saga, 300.

Saltatoria, The, 293.

Sarcophaga, 71; the Females Viviparous, _ib._

Sarrothripa revayana, 269, 271.
" _revayana_, 271.

Saturnia carpini, 249.
" Pavonia-major, 248; Magnified Wing of, 166.
" _Pavonia-major_, 248.

Satyridi, The Family of the, 191.

Satyrus janira, 192.

Sauterelles-Puces, 114.

Saw-flies, 314; Larvæ of, 398.

_Saw-fly, Larva of_, 399.

Scarabæides, 436, 456.

Scarabæus, 436; Number of Eyes in the Genus, 2.
" _of the Egyptians, Sacred_, 462.
" enema, 461.
" _enema_, 460.
" Sacred, 460.
" _Porteri_, 459.

Scarites lævigatus, 489.
" _lævigatus_, 492.

Scatophagus, 85.

Sciara, The, 46; Superstitions Connected with, 47.

Scolytus, 518.
" _Larva of_, 518.

Secretion of various fluids used as defences, &c., Apparatus for, 11.

Semblis, 424.
" lutarius, 424.
" _lutarius, Imago, Pupa, and Larva_, 424.

Semblis Mud, 424.

_Sentinel Bees guarding Hive_, 347.

Sericaria, The Genus, 210.

Sericoris Zinkenana, 269, 271.
" _Zinkenana_, 271.

Sesia, 193.
" apiformis, 193.
" _apiformis_, 193.

Sesiidæ, The, 193.

Silk, kinds of, 235; Winding Establishment, 240.

_Silk-secreting Apparatus_, 221.

_Silk-winding Establishment_, 239.

Silkworm, 220.
" _during Moulting, Head of_, 222.
" _Position of_, 222.
" _Eggs and Five Ages of_, 223, 224 (_five figs._).
" _Membranous Legs of_, 140.
" _Moth, Male and Female_, 226.
" _Rearing Establishment_, 228.

_Silkworms, Lozenge-shaped Net for_, 232.
" _Square Net for_, 232.
" _Sprigs of Heather for_, 234.

Silpha, 467.
" obscura, 468.
" quadripunctata, 468.
" _quadripunctata_, 470.
" thoracica, 469.
" _thoracica_, 470.

Silphales, 466.

Sirex, 396.
" Giant, 396.
" gigas, 396, 398.
" _gigas_, 396.
" juvencus, 398.

Sitaris humeralis, 507.
" _humeralis_, 507.
" " _Larvæ of_, 507, 508.
" " _Pseudo-nymph of_, 508.
" " _Pupa of_, 508.

_Six-spot Burnet Moth_, 193.

Skeleton, Exterior of Insects, 8, 25.

Smerinthus, 208.
" ocellatus, The, 209.
" populi, 209, 210.
" tiliæ, 209.

_Sorrel, Leaf of, cut and rolled by Caterpillars_, 273.

Sphæria, The, 296.

Sphex, The, 393.

Sphingidæ, The Family, 194.

Sphinx convolvuli, 203.
" Convolvulus, The, 204.
" Humming-bird, 194.
" ligustri, The, 201.
" _ligustri, Pupa of_, 203.
" Privet, 201.

Spider, Water, 97.

Spiracles, 14, 16, 25.

Spring Froth, 112.

_Stag Beetle_, 466.
" " _Common_, 466.

Staphylinidæ, 472.

Staphylinus hirtus, 473.
" _hirtus_, 474.
" maxillosus, 473.
" _maxillosus_, 474.
" olens, 473.
" (_Ocypus_) _olens_, 473.
" _Imago, Pupa and Larva_, 472.

Stauropus fagi, 259.

Stemmata, 4.

Stomoxys, 72.
" calcitrans, 72.

Strength of Insects, M. Felix Plateau on, 21, 24.

Stylopidæ, 503.

Stylops, 503.

_Stylops_, 504, 505.
" Melittæ, 504.

Sugar Acarus, 348.

Suphis cimicoides, 481.
" _cimicoides_, 481.

_Swallow-tailed Butterfly_, 172.
" " _Scarce_, 174.

Swarm of Bees, 349.

Syndesus cornutus, 466.
" _cornutus_, 469.

Syromastes, 92.

Syrphidæ, 52.

Tabanidæ, The, 48.

Tabanus, 48, 58.
" autumnalis, 48.
" _autumnalis_, 49.
" bovinus, 48.

Tanystomæ, 49.

Tarsus, 6, 31; of Lepidoptera, 167.

Tefflus, Genus, 489.
" Megerlei, 490.
" _Megerlei_, 490.

Tenebrio, 498; Larva of, 498.
" molitor, 499.
" _Tenebrio molitor_, 499.

Tenthredinetæ, 314, 395, 398.

Tenthredo, 399.

Termes, 22, 402.
" of La Rochelle, M. de. Quatrefages on, 415.
" atrox, 411.
" bellicosus, 406.
" flavicollis, 413.
" lucifugus, 406, 413.
" _lucifugus_, 407.
" mordax, 411.

_Tetracha bifasciata_, 497.

Tetracha Klugii, 496.
" _Klugii_, 496.
" _oxychiloides_, 496.

Tetralobides, 512.

Tetrix, 312.

Tettigonia fraxini, 108.

Thecla, 178.
" betulæ, 178.
" _betulæ_, 178.
" pruni, 179.
" _pruni_, 179.
" quercus, 179.
" _quercus_, 179.
" rubi, 179, 180.
" _rubi_, 180.

Therates, 497.
" _labiata_, 499.

Thorax, the, 1, 6, 25.

Thrips, 400.

Thyreophoræ, 85.

Thysanura, 32.

Tibia, 6.

_Tiger Beetle_, 493.

Tiger Moth, The, 153.

Tinea cerasiella, 282.
" cratægella, 282.
" _granella_, 279.
" lapella, 282.
" rusticella, 282.
" tapezella, 280.
" _walking, Larva of_, 281.

Tineina, 279.

Tipula culiciformis, The, 44.
" oleracea, 45.

Tipulidæ, 35, 43.

Tomicus, Genus, 519.

_Tortoise-shell Butterfly, Large_, 113.
" " _Chrysalis of_, 161, 162.
" " _Larva of_, 183.
" " _Small_, 184.
" " _Caterpillars of_, 147.
" " _Chrysalides of_, 147, 148(_three figs._).

Tortrix, Green, 270.
" roborana, 269, 270.
" _roborana_, 270.
" sorbiana, 269.
" _sorbiana_, 270.
" viridana, 270.

Tracheæ, 14, 15, 25.

Trachys, The Genus, 515.

Trichidæ, 440.

Trichius fasciatus, 23, 441.

Trichoptera, Order, 402.

Tridactylus, The Genus, 298.

Trochanter, 6; of Lepidoptera, 167.

Trox, 458.

Truxales, 312.

Tsetse Fly, The, 74; Livingstone on the, 75.
" " _The_, 74.

_Umbonia Spinosa_, 115.

Urocerata, The, 395.

Valgus hemipterus, 445.

Vanessa antiopa, 185.
" Atalanta, 186.
" C. album, 187.
" cardui, 187.
" Io, 185.
" polychloros, 182, 183; Chrysalis of, 162.
" urticæ, 147, 184, 185.

_Vapourer Moth_, 252.

Vermileo, 52.
" de Geeri, 52.
" _de Geeri_, 52.

Vespa crabo, 370.
" Norvegica, 370.
" vulgaris, The, 369.

Vespiariæ, 314.

_Vine Pyralis_, 276.
" _Caterpillar of_, 276.
" _Chrysalis of_, 276.
" _Three States of_, 277.

Visceral cavity, 15.

Volucella, The, 52, 53.
" _a Species of_, 52.

Wasp, 313, 367; Pupa of Common, 371; Nest of, Exterior, 372;
Interior of, 373.
" Bush, 370.
" _Bush_, 369.
" Card-making, 376.
" _Card-making_, 376.
" Common, 370.
" _Common_, 369.
" " _Pupa of_, 371.

_Wasp's Nest_, 368.
" _Exterior of_, 372.
" _Interior of_, 373.

Water Scorpions, 97.

Weevil, 517.
" Bean, 517.
" Clover, 517.
" Pea, 517.
" Rape, 517.
" Turnip, 517.
" Vetch, 517.
" Wheat, 517.

Whirligig Beetle, 478.

_White Admiral_, 189.

White Ant. _See_ Termes.

_Willow Leaves rolled by Caterpillar_, 274.

Wings of Insects, 8.

_Winter Moth, Male and Female_, 267.

Woolly Bear Caterpillar, 153.

_Woollen Moth_, 280.
" _Larvæ of_, 280.

_Working Bee_, 317.

Xenos Peckii, 504.
" Rossii, 503.
" vesparum, 503.

Xylocopa, 364.

Xylopoda fabriciana, 269.
" _fabriciana_, 269.

Xylotrupes dichotomus, 456.
" _dichotomus_, 457.

Zeuzera æsculi, 257.
" _æsculi_, 257.

_Zophosis, Front Leg of a_, 7.

Zygæna filipendulæ, 193.
" _Cocoon of the_, 193.

Zygænidæ, 193.

_Zygia oblonga, Antennæ of_, 5.

TRANSCRIPTION NOTES:

The original spelling and grammar have been retained. Footnotes have
been moved to the end of the paragraphs in which they are referenced.
Minor adjustments to hyphenation and other punctuation have been made
without annotation.

Typographical changes to this volume:

pg 69 bristling with small black turbercles[tubercles]
pg 121 its own species was forbiden[forbidden] to the
pg 179 Illustration: Fig. 149.--Thecla qercus[quercus]
pg 183 bordered by a black brand[band], with a stripe
pg 229 with large sheets of paper. (Plate IV[VI].)
pg 282 and sometimes in hair matresses[mattresses]
pg 339 but the guard[guards] repel her with vigour
pg 388 by the ants from an eighbouring[a neighbouring] nest
pg 408 you see them instanly[instantly] set to work
pg 416 we my[may] mention, first
pg 438 of an oval form (Fig. 423[424])
pg 498 genus of the same familly[family] is the
pg 510 influence of artifical[artificial] excitement