Chapter LXX: Letter LXV: {549b} (4)

{323a} Swift’s verses, “The Description of a Salamander,” are a scurrilous attack on John, Lord Cutts (died 1707), who was famous for his bravery. Joanna Cutts, the sister who complained of Swift’s abuse, died unmarried.

{323b} See p. 323.

{323c} Fourteen printers or publishers were arrested, under warrants signed by St. John, for publishing pamphlets directed against the Government. They appeared at the Court of Queens Bench on Oct. 23, and were continued on their own recognisances till the end of the term.

{324a} Robert Benson (see p. 41).

{324b} “The South Sea Whim,” printed in Scott’s _Swift_, ii. 398.

{324c} See pp. 200, 205, 340.

{325a} Count Gallas was dismissed with a message that he might depart from the kingdom when he thought fit. He published the preliminaries of peace in the _Daily Courant_.

{325b} William, second Viscount Hatton, who died without issue in 1760. His half-sister Anne married Daniel Finch, second Earl of Nottingham, and Lord Hatton was therefore uncle to his fellow-guest, Mr. Finch.

{326a} Crinkle or contract. Gay writes: “Showers soon drench the camblet’s cockled grain.”

{326b} The Countess of Jersey (see p. 294), like her husband, was a friend of Bolingbroke’s. Lady Strafford speaks of her having lately (November 1711) “been in pickle for her sins,” at which she was not surprised. Before the Earl succeeded to the title, Lady Wentworth wrote to her son: “It’s said Lord Villors Lady was worth fower scoar thoussand pd; you might have got her, as wel as Lord Villors. . . . He [Lord Jersey] has not don well by his son, the young lady is not yoused well as I hear amongst them, which in my openion is not well.” _Wentworth Papers_ (pp. 214, 234).

{329a} Cf. p. 66.

{329b} Charles Crow, appointed Bishop of Cloyne in 1702.

{330a} Swift.

{330b} Mrs. Manley.

{330c} The titles of these pamphlets are as follows:—(1) _A True Narrative of . . . the Examination of the Marquis de Guiscard_; (2) _Some Remarks upon a Pamphlet entitled_, _A Letter to the Seven Lords_; (3) _A New Journey to Paris_; (4) _The Duke of Marlborough’s Vindication_; (5) _A Learned Comment on Dr. Hare’s Sermon_.

{331} See the pun on p. 329.

{332a} See p. 10.

{332b} See p. 97.

{333a} Pratt (see p. 5).

{333b} Stella and Dingley.

{333c} _Noah’s Dove_, _an Exhortation to Peace_, _set forth in a Sermon preached on the Seventh of November_, 1710, _a Thanksgiving Day_, _by Thomas Swift_, _A.M._, _formerly Chaplain to Sir William Temple_, _now Rector of Puttenham in Surrey_. Thomas Swift was Swift’s “little parson cousin” (see p. 225).

{333d} See p. 36. The book referred to is, apparently, _An Impartial Enquiry into the Management of the War in Spain_, post-dated 1712.

{334a} Lord Harley (afterwards second Earl of Oxford) (see p. 30) married, on Oct. 31, 1713, Lady Henrietta Cavendish Holles, only daughter of John Holles, last Duke of Newcastle of that family (see p. 257).

{334b} Bolingbroke afterwards said that the great aim (at length accomplished) of Harley’s administration was to marry his son to this young lady. Swift wrote a poetical address to Lord Harley on his marriage.

{334c} Thomas Pelham, first Baron Pelham, married, as his second wife, Lady Grace Holles, daughter of the Earl of Clare and sister of the Duke of Newcastle. Their eldest son, Thomas, who succeeded to the barony in 1712, was afterwards created Earl of Clare and Duke of Newcastle,

{335a} Francis Higgins, Rector of Baldruddery, called “the Sacheverell of Ireland,” was an extreme High Churchman, who had been charged with sedition on account of sermons preached in London in 1707. In 1711 he was again prosecuted as “a disloyal subject and disturber of the public peace.” At that time he was Prebendary of Christ Church, Dublin; in 1725 he was made Archdeacon of Cashel.

{335b} Swift’s pamphlet, _The Conduct of the Allies_.

{335c} Lord Oxford’s daughter Abigail married, in 1709, Viscount Dupplin, afterwards seventh Earl of Kinnoull (see p. 30). She died in 1750, and her husband in 1758, when the eldest son, Thomas, became Earl. The second son, Robert, was made Archbishop of York in 1761.

{335d} Kensington Gravel Pits was then a famous health resort.

{336a} Draggled. Pope has, “A puppy, daggled through the town.”

{336b} Writing of Peperharrow, Manning and Bray state (_Surrey_, ii. 32, 47) that Oxenford Grange was conveyed to Philip Froud (died 1736) in 1700, and was sold by him in 1713 to Alan Broderick, afterwards Viscount Midleton. This Froud (Swift’s “old Frowde”) had been Deputy Postmaster-General; he was son of Sir Philip Frowde, who was knighted in 1665 (Le Neve’s _Knights_, Harleian Society, p. 190), and his son Philip was Addison’s friend (see p. 58).

{336c} Probably the Charles Child, Esq., of Farnham, whose death is recorded in the _Gentleman’s Magazine_ for 1754.

{337} Grace Spencer was probably Mrs. Proby’s sister (see p. 176, 202).

{338a} Cf. Shakespeare, _As You Like It_, v. 3: “Shall we clap into ’t roundly, without hawking or spitting, which are the only prologues to a bad voice?”

{338b} In the “Verses on his own Death,” 1731, Swift says

“When daily howd’y’s come of course,
And servants answer, ‘Worse and worse!’”

Cf. Steele (_Tatler_, No. 109), “After so many howdies, you proceed to visit or not, as you like the run of each other’s reputation or fortune,” and (_Spectator_, No. 143), “the howd’ye servants of our women.”

{341a} See p. 304.

{341b} See p. 132.

{341c} The Tories alleged that the Duke of Marlborough, the Duke of Montagu, Steele, etc., were to take part in the procession (cf. _Spectator_, No. 269). Swift admits that the images seized were worth less than £40, and not £1000, as he had said, and that the Devil was not like Harley; yet he employed someone to write a lying pamphlet, _A True Relation of the Several Facts and Circumstances of the Intended Riot and Tumult_, etc.

{343a} A brother of Jemmy Leigh (see p. 6), and one of Stella’s card-playing acquaintances.

{343b} Of _The Conduct of the Allies_ (see pp. 335, 345).

{344a} Sir Thomas Hanmer (see p. 69) married, in 1698, Isabella, widow of the first Duke of Grafton, and only daughter and heiress of Henry, Earl of Arlington. She died in 1723.

{344b} James, Duke of Hamilton (see p. 262), married, in 1698, as his second wife, Elizabeth, daughter and sole heir of Digby, Lord Gerard. She died in 1744.

{345a} _The Conduct of the Allies_.

{345b} See p. 238.

{346a} Sir Matthew Dudley (see p. 7) married Lady Mary O’Bryen, youngest daughter of Henry, Earl of Thomond.

{346b} See p. 305.

{346c} Sir John St. Leger (died 1743) was M.P. for Doneraile and a Baron of the Exchequer in Ireland from 1714 to 1741. His elder brother, Arthur, was created Viscount Doneraile in 1703.

{346d} _Relation of the Facts and Circumstances of the Intended Riot on Queen Elizabeth’s Birthday_.

{346e} _The Conduct of the Allies_.

{346f} See p. 73.

{347a} The first motto was “Partem tibi Gallia nostri eripuit,” etc. (Horace, 2 Od. 17–24).

{347b} See Plautus’s _Amphitrus_, or Dryden’s _Amphitryon_.

{347c} It is not known whether or no this was Dr. William Savage, Master of Emmanuel College, Cambridge. No copy of the sermon—if it was printed—has been found. See Courtenay’s _Memoirs of Sir William Temple_.

{347d} Of _The Conduct of the Allies_, a pamphlet which had a very wide circulation. See a paper by Edward Solly in the _Antiquarian Magazine_, March 1885.

{348a} Allen Bathurst, M.P. (1684–1775), created Baron Bathurst in December 1711, and Earl Bathurst in 1772. His second and eldest surviving son was appointed Lord Chancellor in the year preceding the father’s death. Writing to her son in January 1711 (_Wentworth Papers_, 173), Lady Wentworth said of Bathurst, “He is, next to you, the finest gentleman and the best young man I know; I love him dearly.”

{348b} See p. 72.

{348c} See p. 153.

{348d} Swift is alluding to the quarrel between Lord Santry (see p. 215) and Francis Higgins (see p. 335), which led to Higgins’s prosecution. The matter is described at length in Boyer’s _Political State_, 1711, pp. 617 seq.

{348e} See p. 176.

{349a} No doubt the same as Colonel Newburgh (see _Journal_, March 5, 1711–12).

{349b} Beaumont (see p. 1, 250).

{349c} See p. 301.

{350} Cf. p. 144.

{351a} See p. 341.

{351b} See p. 336. Debtors could not be arrested on Sunday.

{352a} Sir George Pretyman, Bart., dissipated the fortune of the family. The title became dormant in 1749.

{352b} See the Introduction.

{352c} For the Whites of Farnham, see Manning and Bray’s _Surrey_, iii. 177.

{352d} _The Conduct of the Allies_.

{352e} The Percevals were among Swift’s principal friends in the neighbourhood of Laracor. In a letter to John Temple in 1706 (Forster’s _Life of Swift_, 182) Swift alludes to Perceval; in spite of different views in politics, “I always loved him,” says Swift, “very well as a man of very good understanding and humour.” Perceval was related to Sir John Perceval, afterwards Earl of Egmont (see p. 175).

{353a} See p. 2.

{353b} See p. 58.

{354a} The _Examiner_ was resumed on Dec. 6, 1711, under Oldisworth’s editorship, and was continued by him until July 1714.

{354b} Daniel Finch, second Earl of Nottingham, a staunch Tory, had quarrelled with the Government and the Court. On Dec. 7, 1711, he carried, by six votes, an amendment to the Address, to the effect that no peace would be acceptable which left Spain in the possession of the House of Bourbon. Harley’s counter-stroke was the creation of twelve new peers. The Whigs rewarded Nottingham by withdrawing their opposition to the Occasional Conformity Bill:

{354c} This “Song” begins:

“An orator dismal of Nottinghamshire,
Who had forty years let out his conscience for hire.”

{355} _The Conduct of the Allies_.

{356} Robert Bertie, Lord Willoughby de Eresby, and fourth Earl of Lindsey, was created Marquis of Lindsay in 1706, and Duke of Ancaster and Kesteven in 1715. He died in 1723.

{357a} Lady Sunderland (see p. 267) and Lady Rialton, ladies of the bed-chamber to the Queen.

{357b} Hugh Cholmondeley (died 1724), the second Viscount, was created Viscount Malpas and Earl of Cholmondeley in 1706, and in 1708 was appointed Treasurer of Her Majesty’s Household, an office which he held until 1713, in spite of his Whig sympathies. “Good for nothing, so far as ever I knew,” Swift wrote of him.

{357c} Prov. xxv. 3.

{360a} See p. 304.

{360b} Thomas Parker, afterwards created Earl of Macclesfield, was appointed Lord Chief-Justice in March 1710. In September 1711 he declined Harley’s offer of the Lord Chancellorship, a post which he accepted under a Whig Government in the next reign.

{361} The Bill against Occasional Conformity.

{362} The proposed visit to London of Prince Eugene of Savoy, the renowned General, and friend of Marlborough, was viewed by the Government with considerable alarm.

{363} Swift’s “An excellent new Song; being the intended Speech of a famous orator against Peace,” a ballad “two degrees above Grub Street” (see p. 354).

{364a} Robert Walpole was then M.P. for King’s Lynn, and Leader of the Opposition in the House of Commons. He had been Secretary at War from February 1708 to September 1710, and the Commissioners of Public Accounts having reported, on Dec. 21, 1711, that he had been guilty of venality and corruption, he was expelled from the House of Commons, and taken to the Tower.

{364b} William King, D.C.L., author of the _Journey to London in 1698_, _Dialogues of the Dead_, _The Art of Cookery_, and other amusing works, was, at the end of the month, appointed Gazetteer, in succession to Steele, on Swift’s recommendation. Writing earlier in the year, Gay said that King deserved better than to “languish out the small remainder of his life in the Fleet Prison.” The duties of Gazetteer were too much for his easy-going nature and failing health, and he resigned the post in July 1712. He died in the following December.

{364c} At the bottom of St. James’s Street, on the west side.

{365} The Rev. John Shower, pastor of the Presbyterian Congregation at Curriers’ Hall, London Wall.

{366a} _The Windsor Prophecy_, in which the Duchess of Somerset (see p. 162) is attacked as “Carrots from Northumberland.”

{366b} _Merlin’s Prophecy_, 1709, written in pseudo-mediæval English.

{366c} See p. 10.

{367a} Dorothy, daughter of Sir Edward Leach, of Shipley, Derbyshire.

{367b} Sir James Long, Bart. (died 1729), was at this time M.P. for Chippenham.

{367c} The number containing this paragraph is not in the British Museum.

{368a} Joseph Beaumont (see pp. 1, 250, 349).

{368b} See p. 19.

{368c} Apparently a misprint for “whether.”

{369a} See p. 321.

{369b} James Compton, afterwards fifth Earl of Northampton (died 1754), was summoned to the House of Lords as Baron Compton in December 1711. Charles Bruce, who succeeded his father as third Earl of Aylesbury in 1741, was created Lord Bruce, of Whorlton, at the same time.

{370} James, Lord Compton, eldest son of the Earl of Northampton; Charles, Lord Bruce, eldest son of the Earl of Aylesbury; Henry Paget, son of Lord Paget; George Hay, Viscount Dupplin, the son-in-law of the Lord Treasurer, created Baron Hay; Viscount Windsor, created Baron Montjoy; Sir Thomas Mansel, Baron Mansel; Sir Thomas Willoughby, Baron Middleton; Sir Thomas Trevor, Baron Trevor; George Granville, Baron Lansdowne; Samuel Masham, Baron Masham; Thomas Foley, Baron Foley; and Allen Bathurst, Baron Bathurst.

{371a} Juliana, widow of the second Earl of Burlington, and daughter of the Hon. Henry Noel, was Mistress of the Robes to Queen Anne. She died in 1750, aged seventy-eight.

{371b} Thomas Windsor, Viscount Windsor (died 1738), an Irish peer, who had served under William III. in Flanders, was created Baron Montjoy, of the Isle of Wight, in December 1711. He married Charlotte, widow of John, Baron Jeffries, of Wem, and daughter of Philip Herbert, Earl of Pembroke.

{372a} The Hon. Russell Robartes, brother of Lord Radnor (see p. 8), was Teller of the Exchequer, and M.P. for Bodmin. His son became third Earl of Radnor in 1723.

{372b} Gay (_Trivia_, ii. 92) speaks of “the slabby pavement.”

{373} See p. 158.

{374a} George Granville (see p. 130), now Baron Lansdowne, married Lady Mary Thynne, widow of Thomas Thynne, and daughter of Edward, Earl of Jersey (see p. 281). In October 1710 Lady Wentworth wrote to her son, “Pray, my dear, why will you let Lady Mary Thynne go? She is young, rich, and not unhandsome, some say she is pretty; and a virtuous lady, and of the nobility, and why will you not try to get her?” (_Wentworth Papers_, 149).

{374b} See p. 225.

{375} Harness.

{377a} On his birthday Swift read the third chapter of Job.

{377b} See p. 329.

{377c} Sir George St. George of Dunmore, Co. Galway, M.P. for Co. Leitrim from 1661 to 1692, and afterwards for Co. Galway, died in December 1711.

{378a} See pp. 305, 346.

{378b} See p. 20.

{378c} Dr. Pratt (see p. 5).

{378d} _King Henry VIII._, act iv. sc. 2; “An old man broken with the storms,” etc.

{379} “These words in the manuscript imitate Stella’s writing, and are sloped the wrong way” (Deane Swift),

{380a} Archibald Douglas, third Marquis of Douglas, was created Duke of Douglas in 1703. He died, without issue, in 1761.

{380b} Arbuthnot and Freind.

{381} Sir Stephen Evance, goldsmith, was knighted in 1690.

{382} Because of the refusal of the House of Lords to allow the Duke of Hamilton (see p. 262), a Scottish peer who had been raised to the peerage of Great Britain as Duke of Brandon, to sit under that title. The Scottish peers discontinued their attendance at the House until the resolution was partially amended; and the Duke of Hamilton always sat as a representative Scottish peer.

{383} Sir William Robinson (1655–1736), created a baronet in 1689, was M.P. for York from 1697 to 1722. His descendants include the late Earl De Grey and the Marquis of Ripon.

{384} See p. 152. The full title was, _Some Advice humbly offered to the Members of the October Club_, _in a Letter from a Person of Honour_.

{385a} See p. 377.

{385b} “It is the last of the page, and written close to the edge of the paper” (Deane Swift).

{385c} Henry Somerset, second Duke of Beaufort. In September 1711 the Duke—who was then only twenty-seven—married, as his third wife, Mary, youngest daughter of the Duke of Leeds. In the following January Lady Strafford wrote, “The Duke and Duchess of Beaufort are the fondest of one another in the world; I fear ’tis too hot to hold. . . . I own I fancy people may love one another as well without making so great a rout” (_Wentworth Papers_, 256). The Duke died in 1714, at the age of thirty.

{386a} “Upon the 10th and 17th of this month the _Examiner_ was very severe upon the Duke of Marlborough, and in consequence of this report pursued him with greater virulence in the following course of his papers” (Deane Swift).

{386b} A term of execration. Scott (_Kenilworth_) has, “A pize on it.”

{387a} See p. 89.

{387b} In a letter to Swift of Jan. 31, 1712, Sacheverell, after expressing his indebtedness to St. John and Harley, said, “For yourself, good Doctor, who was the first spring to move it, I can never sufficiently acknowledge the obligation,” and in a postscript he hinted that a place in the Custom House which he heard was vacant might suit his brother.

{387c} Thomas Yalden, D.D., (1671–1736), Addison’s college friend, succeeded Atterbury as preacher of Bridewell Hospital in 1713. In 1723 he was arrested on suspicion of being involved in the Atterbury plot.

{387d} Tablets.

{388a} Sir Solomon de Medina, a Jew, was knighted in 1700.

{388b} Davenant had been said to be the writer of papers which Swift contributed to the _Examiner_.

{389a} Henry Withers, a friend of “Duke” Disney (see p. 153), was appointed Lieutenant-General in 1707, and Major-General in 1712. On his death in 1729 he was buried in Westminster Abbey.

{389b} See p. 360.

{390} Dyer’s _News Letter_, the favourite reading of Sir Roger de Coverley (_Spectator_, No. 127), was the work of John Dyer, a Jacobite journalist. In the _Tatler_ (No. 18) Addison says that Dyer was “justly looked upon by all the fox-hunters in the nation as the greatest statesman our country has produced.” Lord Chief-Justice Holt referred to the _News Letter_ as “a little scandalous paper of a scandalous author” (Howell’s _State Trials_, xiv. 1150).

{391} Dr. John Sharp, made Archbishop of York in 1691, was called by Swift “the harmless tool of others’ hate.” Swift believed that Sharp, owing to his dislike of _The Tale of a Tub_, assisted in preventing the bishopric of Hereford being offered to him. Sharp was an excellent preacher, with a taste for both poetry and science.

{392a} An edition of the Countess d’Aulnoy’s _Les Contes des Fées_ appeared in 1710, in four volumes.

{392b} Francis Godolphin, Viscount Rialton, the eldest son of Sidney, Earl of Godolphin, succeeded his father as second Earl on Sept. 15, 1712. He held 3 various offices, including that of Lord Privy Seal (1735–1740), and died in 1766, aged eighty-eight. He married, in 1698, Lady Henrietta Churchill, who afterwards was Duchess of Marlborough in her own right. She died in 1733.

{392c} See p. 256. Ladies of the bed-chamber received £1000 a year.

{392d} William O’Brien, third Earl of Inchiquin, succeeded his father in 1691, and died in 1719.

{393a} Lady Catherine Hyde was an unmarried daughter of Laurence Hyde, first Earl of Rochester (see p. 60). Notwithstanding Swift’s express statement that the lady to whom he here refers was the late Earl’s daughter, and the allusion to her sister, Lady Dalkeith, in Letter 60, note 26, she has been confused by previous editors with her niece, Lady Catherine Hyde (see p. 256), daughter of the second Earl, and afterwards Duchess of Queensberry. That lady, not long afterwards to be celebrated by Prior, was a child under twelve when Swift wrote.

{393b} Sir John Trevor (1637–1717), formerly Speaker of the House of Commons.

{393c} See p. 97.

{393d} See p. 335.

{393e} See p. 215.

{393f} Charles Trimnel, made Bishop of Norwich in 1708, and Bishop of Winchester in 1721, was strongly opposed to High Church doctrines.

{394a} Jibe or jest.

{394b} See p. 206.

{394c} The treaty concluded with Holland in 1711.

{395a} Feb. 2 is the Purification of the Virgin Mary.

{395b} See p. 284.

{396} See p. 99.

{397a} Lady Mary Butler (see pp. 14, 44), daughter of the Duke of Ormond, who married, in 1710, John, third Lord Ashburnham, afterwards Earl of Ashburnham.

{397b} See p. 4.

{397c} See p. 357.

{397d} Scroop Egerton, fifth Earl and first Duke of Bridgewater, married, in 1703, Lady Elizabeth Churchill, third daughter of the Duke of Marlborough. She died in 1714, aged twenty-six.

{397e} See p. 294.

{398a} Heart.

{398b} Edward Fowler, D.D., appointed Bishop of Gloucester in 1691, died in 1714.

{399a} Isaac Manley (see p. 7).

{399b} This letter, the first of the series published by Hawkesworth, of which we have the originals (see Preface), was addressed “To Mrs. Johnson at her Lodgings over against St. Mary’s Church, near Capell Street, Dublin, Ireland”; and was endorsed by her “Recd. Mar. 1st.”

{400a} See p. 85.

{400b} See p. 116.

{400c} See p. 215.

{400d} Charles Ross, son of the eleventh Baron Ross, was Colonel of the Royal Irish Dragoons from 1695 to 1705. He was a Lieutenant-General under the Duke of Ormond in Flanders, and died in 1732 (Dalton, ii. 212, iii. 34).

{400e} Charles Paulet, Marquis of Winchester, succeeded his father (see p. 302) as third Duke of Bolton in 1722. He married, as his second wife, Lavinia Fenton, the actress who took the part of Polly Peacham in Gay’s _Beggars Opera_ in 1728, and he died in 1754.

{401a} John Blith, or Bligh, son of the Right Hon. Thomas Bligh, M.P. of Rathmore, Co. Meath (see p. 22). In August 1713 he married Lady Theodosia Hyde, daughter of Edward, third Earl of Clarendon. Lord Berkeley of Stratton wrote, “Lady Theodosia Hyde . . . is married to an Irish Mr. Blythe, of a good estate, who will soon have enough of her, if I can give any guess” (_Wentworth Papers_, 353). In 1715 Bligh was made Baron Clifton, of Rathmore, and Earl of Darnley in 1725. He died in 1728.

{401b} Obliterated.

{401c} Word obliterated; probably “found.” Forster reads “oors, dee MD.”

{401d} Words obliterated.

{401e} See pp. 86, 301.

{401f} See pp. 73, 192–3.

{402a} Words obliterated. Forster reads “fourth. Euge, euge, euge.”

{402b} Words obliterated; one illegible.

{402c} See p. 5.

{402d} See p. 2.

{402e} Service.

{402f} “Aplon”—if this is the right word—means, of course, apron—the apron referred to on p. 389.

{402g} Words obliterated.

{403a} As the son of a “brother” of the Club.

{403b} The Archbishop, Dr. King.

{403c} See Tacitus, _Annals_, book ii. Cn. Calpurnius Piso, who was said to have poisoned Germanicus, was found with his throat cut.

{403d} This satire on Marlborough concludes—

“And Midas now neglected stands,
With asses’ ears and dirty hands.”

{404a} Dr. Robinson, Bishop of Bristol.

{404b} _Some Remarks on the Barrier Treaty_.

{405a} Several words are obliterated. Forster reads “MD MD, for we must always write to MD MD MD, awake or asleep;” but the passage is illegible.

{405b} See pp. 95, 517–8.

{405c} A long erasure. Forster reads “Go to bed. Help pdfr. Rove pdfr. MD MD. Nite darling rogues.”

{405d} Word obliterated. Forster reads “saucy.”

{405e} Letter from.

{406a} Words partially obliterated.

{406b} Swift wrote by mistake, “On Europe Britain’s safety lies”; the slip was pointed out by Hawkesworth. All the verse is written in the MSS. as prose.

{406c} “Them” (MS.).

{406d} See Wyons _Queen Anne_, ii. 366–7.

{407a} _A Proposal for Correcting_, _Improving_, _and Ascertaining the English Tongue_, _in a Letter to the Most Honourable Robert_, _Earl of Oxford_, 1712.

{407b} “Help him to draw up the representation” (omitting every other letter).

{407c} See p. 217.

{407d} Robert Benson.

{408a} _The Story of the St. Albans Ghost_, 1712.

{408b} “Usually” (MS.).

{408c} These words are partially obliterated.

{408d} This sentence is obliterated. Forster reads, “Farewell, mine deelest rife deelest char Ppt, MD MD MD Ppt, FW, Lele MD, ME ME ME ME aden FW MD Lazy ones Lele Lele all a Lele.”

{408e} Endorsed by Stella “Recd. Mar. 19.”

{409a} “Would” (MS.).

{409b} Conversation.

{410a} John Guillim’s _Display of Heraldrie_ appeared first in 1610. The edition to which Swift refers was probably that of 1679, which is wrongly described as the “fifth edition,” instead of the seventh.

{410b} “One of the horses here mentioned may have been the celebrated Godolphin Arabian from whom descends all the blue blood of the racecourse, and who was the grandfather of Eclipse” (Larwood’s _Story of the London Parks_, 99).

{410c} See p. 352.

{410d} Dorothea, daughter of James Stopford, of New Hall, County Meath, and sister of Lady Newtown-Butler, was the second wife of Edward, fourth Earl of Meath, who died without issue in 1707. She afterwards married General Richard Gorges (see _Journal_, April 5, 1713), of Kilbrue, County Meath, and Swift wrote an epitaph on them—“Doll and Dickey.”

{411} Here follow some obliterated words.

{412a} Barber (see p. 106).

{412b} “The editors supposed Zinkerman (which they printed in capitals) to mean some outlandish or foreign distinction; but it is the little language for ‘gentleman’” (Forster).

{412c} The Hon. Charles Butler, second son of Thomas, Earl of Ossory, eldest son of James, Duke of Ormond, was elevated to the peerage of Ireland in 1693 as Earl of Arran, and was also created a peer of England, as Baron Butler. He held various offices under William III. and Queen Anne, and died without issue in 1759.

{413a} “They” (MS.).

{413b} See pp. 10, 381–2.

{413c} See p. 89.

{414a} Sir William Wyndham, Bart., of Orchard Wyndham, married Lady Catherine Seymour, daughter of the sixth Duke of Somerset (see p. 236). Their eldest son, Charles, succeeded his uncle, the Duke of Somerset, as Earl of Egremont; and the second son, Percy, was afterwards created Earl of Thomond. The Wyndhams’ house was in Albemarle Street; the loss was over £20,000; but they were “much more concerned for their servants than for all the other losses” (_Wentworth Papers_, 274). The Duke of Ormond “worked as hard as any of the ordinary men, and gave many guineas about to encourage the men to work hard.” The Queen gave the Wyndhams temporary lodgings in “St. James’s house.”

{414b} See p. 12.

{415a} What.

{415b} Devil’s.

{415c} “To” (MS.).

{416a} See p. 349.

{416b} See p. 406.

{416c} See pp. 113–4.

{417a} Peregrine Hyde Osborne, Earl of Danby, afterwards Marquis of Caermarthen and third Duke of Leeds (see p. 473). His sister Mary was married to the Duke of Beaufort (see p. 385).

{417b} See p. 72.

{417c} Several undecipherable words. Forster reads, “Pidy Pdfr, deelest Sollahs.”

{417d} “K” (MS.). It should, of course, be “Queen’s.”

{417e} See p. 213.

{418a} Addressed “To Mrs. Johnson, at her lodgings over against St. Mary’s Church, near Capel Street, Dublin, Ireland.” Endorsed “Mar. 30.”

{418b} See p. 66.

{419a} The Mohocks succeeded the Scowrers of William III.’s reign. Gay (_Trivia_, iii. 325) says—

“Who has not heard the Scowrers’ midnight fame?
Who has not trembled at the Mohocks’ name?”

Lady Wentworth (_Wentworth Papers_, 277) says: “They put an old woman into a hogshead, and rolled her down a hill; they cut off some noses, others’ hands, and several barbarous tricks, without any provocation. They are said to be young gentlemen; they never take any money from any.” See also the _Spectator_, Nos. 324, 332, and 347 (where Budgell alludes to “the late panic fear”), and Defoe’s _Review_ for March 15, 1712. Swift was in considerable alarm about the Mohocks throughout March, and said that they were all Whigs. The reports that numbers of persons, including men of figure, had joined together to commit assaults in the streets, made many fear to leave their houses at night. A proclamation was issued for the suppressing of riots and the discovery of those guilty of the late outrages; but it seems probable that the disorders were not more frequent than might be expected from time to time in a great city.

{419b} Henry Davenant, son of Charles Davenant (see p. 58), was Resident at Frankfort. Macky described him as “very giddy-headed, with some wit,” to which Swift added, “He is not worth mentioning.”

{419c} Thomas Burnet, youngest son of Gilbert Burnet, Bishop of Salisbury, was at this time a young man about town of no good reputation. Afterwards he turned his attention to the law, and was appointed a judge of the Court of Common Pleas in 1741. He was knighted in 1745, and died in 1753.

{420a} By Arbuthnot, written to recommend the peace proposals of the Government. The full title was, _Law is a Bottomless Pit_. _Exemplified in the case of the Lord Strutt_, _John Bull_, _Nicholas Frog_, _and Lewis Baboon_; _who spent all they had in a Law Suit_.

{420b} See pp. 238, 407.

{420c} Our little language.

{421a} Forster reads, “two deelest nauty nown MD.”

{421b} See p. 36.

{422a} William Diaper, son of Joseph Diaper of Bridgewater, was sent to Balliol College, Oxford, in 1699, at the age of fourteen. He entered the Church, and was curate at Brent, Somerset; but he died in 1717, aged twenty-nine.

{422b} The _Examiner_ (vol. ii. No. 15) complained of general bribery and oppression on the part of officials and underlings in the public service, especially in matters connected with the army; but the writer said that the head (Lord Lansdowne) was just and liberal in his nature, and easy in his fortune, and a man of honour and virtue.

{422c} Sealed documents given to show that a merchant’s goods are entered.

{422d} Thomas Lawrence, First Physician to Queen Anne, and Physician-General to the Army, died in 1714 (_Gentleman’s Magazine_, 1815, ii. 17). His daughter Elizabeth was second wife to Lord Mohun.

{423a} See 163.

{423b} See 245.

{423c} No officer named Newcomb appears in Dalton’s _Army Lists_; but the allusion to General Ross, further on in Letter 43, adds to the probability that Swift was referring to one of the sons of Sir Thomas Newcomen, Bart., who was killed at the siege of Enniskillen. Beverley Newcomen (Dalton, iii. 52, iv. 60), who was probably Swift’s acquaintance, was described in a petition of 1706 as a Lieutenant who had served at Killiecrankie, and had been in Major-General Ross’s regiment ever since 1695.

{423d} Atterbury.

{424a} Evidently a familiar quotation at the time. Forster reads, incorrectly, “But the more I lite MD.”

{424b} See p. 400.

{424c} See p. 104.

{424d} In 1681, Elizabeth, only daughter and heiress of John Ayres, of the City of London, then aged about twenty, became the fourth and last wife of Heneage Finch, Earl of Winchelsea, who died in 1689. She lived until 1745.

{424e} See p. 218.

{424f} Enoch Sterne (see p. 20).

{424g} Lieut.-Col. Robert Sterne was in Col. Frederick Hamilton’s Regiment in 1695.

{425a} Letter.

{425b} See p. 120.

{425c} The title was, _John Bull in his Senses_: _being the Second Part of Law is a Bottomless Pit_.

{425d} See p. 352.

{425e} Cf. note 9 above. Forster reads “nautyas,” when the words would mean “as naughty as nine,” apparently.

{426a} See p. 424, note 1.

{426b} In 1549, James, second Earl of Arran, was made Duke of Chatelherault by Henry II. of France. His eldest son died without issue; the _second_, John, became first Marquis of Hamilton, and was great-grandfather of Lady Anne Hamilton (Duchess of Hamilton), mother of the Duke of Swift’s _Journal_. The Earl of Abercorn, on the other hand, was descended from Claud, _third_ son of the Earl of Arran, but in the male line; and his claim was therefore the stronger, according to the French law of inheritance.

{426c} Madams.

{427a} This word is doubtful. Forster reads “cobbled.”

{427b} A mistake, apparently, for “writing.” The letter was begun on March 8.

{427c} Silly jade.

{427d} O Lord, what a clutter.

{427e} On the death of Dr. William Graham, Dean of Wells, it was reported that Swift was to be his successor. Dr. Brailsford, however, received the appointment.

{427f} Abel Roper (1665–1726), a Tory journalist, published, thrice weekly, the _Postboy_, to which Swift sometimes sent paragraphs. Boyer (_Political State_, 1711, p. 678) said that Roper was only the tool of a party; “there are men of figure and distinction behind the curtain, who furnish him with such scandalous reflections as they think proper to cast upon their antagonists.”

{427g} Joe Beaumont.

{428a} Beg your pardon, Madams, I’m glad you like your apron (see p. 402).

{428b} This word was smudged by Swift.

{429a} I cannot find Somers in contemporary lists of officials. Cf. pp. 159, 298.

{429b} Obliterated and doubtful.

{429c} Words obliterated and illegible. Forster reads, conjecturally, “Pray send Pdfr the ME account that I may have time to write to Parvisol.”

{429d} Addressed to “Mrs. Dingley,” etc. Endorsed “Apr. 14.”

{430a} “Is” (MS.).

{430b} The words after “yet” are partially obliterated.

{431a} See p. 53.

{431b} John Cecil, sixth Earl of Exeter (died 1721).

{432a} See p. 206.

{432b} Arbuthnot.

{433a} A resort of the Tories.

{433b} Deane Swift, a son of Swift’s uncle Godwin, was a merchant in Lisbon.

{433c} Winces. Lyly says, “Rubbe there no more, least I winch.”

{433d} Probably William Whiston, who was deprived of the Lucasian professorship at Cambridge in 1710 for his heterodox views. Parliament having offered a reward for the discovery of means of finding the longitude, Whiston made several attempts (1714 and 1721).

{434a} Word obliterated.

{434b} Distilled water prepared with rosemary flowers. In Fielding’s _Joseph Andrews_, a lady gives up to a highway robber, in her fright, a silver bottle which, the ruffian said, contained some of the best brandy he had ever tasted; this she “afterwards assured the company was a mistake of her maid, for that she had ordered her to fill the bottle with Hungary water.”

{435a} As I hope to be saved.

{435b} Added on the fourth page, as the letter was folded.

{436a} Addressed to “Mrs. Johnson,” etc. Endorsed “May 1st.”

{436b} A kind of clover, used for soothing purposes.

{437a} Addressed to “Mrs. Dingley,” etc. Endorsed “May 15.”

{437b} Madam Ayris.

{437c} Simpleton.

{437d} Robert Benson (see p. 41).

{437e} See pp. 407, 420.

{438a} The title was, _An Appendix to John Bull still in his Senses_: _or_, _Law is a Bottomless Pit_.

{438b} Arbuthnot.

{438c} Enquiries by servants.

{438d} See p. 160.

{438e} Sick.

{439a} Afterwards Rector of Letcombe, Berks. It was to his house that Swift repaired a few weeks before the Queen’s death. On June 8, 1714, he wrote, “I am at a clergyman’s house, whom I love very well, but he is such a melancholy, thoughtful man, partly from nature, and partly by a solitary life, that I shall soon catch the spleen from him. His wife has been this month twenty miles off at her father’s, and will not return these ten days, and perhaps the house will be worse when she comes.” Swift spells the name “Geree”; later on in the _Journal_ he mentions two of Mr. Gery’s sisters, Betty (Mrs. Elwick) and Moll (Mrs. Wigmore); probably he made the acquaintance of the family when he was living with the Temples at Moor Park (see p. 502).

{439b} Because she is a good girl in other things.

{439c} Addressed to “Mrs. Dingley,” etc. Endorsed “June 5.”

{439d} Sice, the number six at dice.

{440a} At Laracor Swift had “a canal and river-walk and willows.”

{440b} Splenetic fellow.

{440c} One of them was by Oldmixon: _Reflections on Dr. Swift’s Letter to the Earl of Oxford_.

{440d} Beg your pardon.

{440e} See p. 239.

{440f} On May 28, Lord Halifax moved an Address to the Queen that the instructions given to the Duke of Ormond might be laid before the House, and that further orders might be issued to him to act offensively, in concert with the Allies. Wharton and Nottingham supported the motion, but it was negatived by 68 votes against 40. A similar motion in the House of Commons was defeated by 203 against 73.

{440g} See p. 335.

{441a} See p. 217.

{441b} _Some Reasons to prove that no Person is obliged by his Principles_, _as a Whig_, _to oppose Her Majesty_: _in a Letter to a Whig Lord_.

{441c} Several words obliterated.

{441d} Several words obliterated.

{441e} The bellman.

{442a} This present writing.

{442b} Please.

{442c} Addressed to “Mrs. Rebecca Dingley,” etc. Endorsed “June 23d.”

{443a} Mr. Ryland reads “second.”

{443b} As I hope to be saved.

{444a} See p. 295.

{444b} Glad at heart.

{445a} The threepenny pamphlet mentioned on p. 441.

{445b} _I.e._, for.

{445c} Addressed to “Mrs. Dingley.” Endorsed “July 8.”

{445d} See p. 277.

{446a} See p. 76.

{446b} See p. 9.

{446c} See pp. 295, 444.

{446d} Dr. William Lloyd—one of the Seven Bishops of 1688—was eighty-four years of age at this time; he died five years later. He was a strong antipapist, and a great student of the Apocalypse, besides being a hard-working bishop. A curious letter from him to Lord Oxford about a coming war of religion is given in the Welbeck Papers (Hist. MSS. Comm.) v. 128.

{447a} _Toland’s Invitation to Dismal to dine with the Calf’s Head Club_. The Earl of Nottingham (Dismal) had deserted the Tories, and Swift’s imitation of Horace (Epist. I. v.) is an invitation from Toland to dine with “his trusty friends” in celebration of the execution of Charles I. The Calf’s Head Club was in the habit of toasting “confusion to the race of kings.”

{447b} Bolingbroke.

{447c} George Fitzroy, Duke of Northumberland (died 1716), a natural son of Charles II., was also Viscount Falmouth and Baron of Pontefract. See _Notes and Queries_, viii. i. 135.

{447d} Enoch Sterne.

{448a} Templeoag (p. 443).

{448b} Swift probably was only repeating an inaccurate rumour, for there is no evidence that Steele was arrested. His gambling scheme was withdrawn directly an information was laid under the new Act of Parliament against gambling (Aitken’s _Life of Steele_, i. 347).

{448c} Dr. William Moreton (1641–1715), Swift’s diocesan, was translated from the see of Kildare to that of Meath in 1705.

{448d} Words obliterated. Forster reads conjecturally, “when ME wants me to send. She ought to have it,” etc.

{449a} Addressed to “Mrs. Dingley,” etc. Endorsed “July 23.”

{449b} “N. 33” seems a mistake. Letter No. 32 was received after Swift had left Kensington and gone to Windsor; see pp. 452, 456 (Ryland).

{450a} Dr. Moreton (see p. 448).

{450b} Memoranda.

{450c} Again.

{450d} O Lord, drunken slut.

{450e} There’s for you now, and there’s for your letter, and every kind of thing.

{450f} Bolingbroke.

{451a} See p. 120.

{451b} Grub Street pamphlet. The title was, _A Supposed Letter from the Pretender to another Whig Lord_.

{451c} Arnold Joost Van Keppel, created Earl of Albemarle in 1697. He died in 1718. The action referred to was at Denain, where the Dutch were defeated by Villars.

{452a} Addressed to “Mrs. Dingley,” etc. Endorsed “Aug. 14.”

{452b} Perhaps this was influenza.

{453a} By the Stamp Act passed on June 10, 1712—which was repealed in 1859—a duty of one halfpenny was levied on all pamphlets and newspapers contained in half a sheet or less, and a duty of one penny on those of more than half but not exceeding a whole sheet. Swift opposed the idea in January 1711 (see p. 138), and Defoe argued against the Bill in the _Review_ for April 26, 1712, and following numbers. Addison, in the _Spectator_, No. 445, spoke of the mortality among authors resulting from the Stamp Act as “the fall of the leaf.”

{453b} The title is, _Lewis Baboon turned honest_, _and John Bull politician_. _Being the Fourth Part of Law is a Bottomless Pit_. This pamphlet—really the fifth of the series—appeared on July 31, 1712.

{453c} Poor Laracor.

{454a} See p. 104.

{454b} On the death of the third Earl in 1712, the title of Earl of Winchelsea passed to his uncle, Heneage Finch, who had married Anne, daughter of Sir William Kingsmill (see p. 227).

{454c} Addressed to “Mrs. Dingley,” etc. Endorsed “Oct. 1st. At Portraune” [Portraine].

{455a} Oxford and Bolingbroke.

{455b} Including Hester Vanhomrigh.

{456a} He died on Sept. 15, 1712.

{456b} Elizabeth Villiers, eldest daughter of Sir Edward Villiers, Knight Marischal of England, and sister of the first Earl of Jersey. In 1695 she married Lord George Hamilton (son of Lord William Douglas, afterwards Duke of Hamilton), who was raised to the peerage of Scotland in 1696 as Earl of Orkney. William III. gave her an Irish estate worth £26,000 a year. Swift’s opinion of her wisdom is confirmed by Lord Lansdowne, who speaks, in his _Progress of Poetry_, of

“Villiers, for wisdom and deep judgment famed,
Of a high race, victorious beauty brings
To grace our Courts, and captivate our Kings.”

The “beauty” seems a poetic licence; Swift says the lady squinted “like a dragon.”

{456c} Cliefden.

{456d} See p. 106.

{456e} Swift’s sister (see p. 74).

{457a} Forster reads “returned.”

{457b} See Swift’s letter to General Hill of Aug. 12, 1712

{457c} Swift’s housekeeper at Laracor.

{457d} _I.e._, be made freemen of the City.

{458} Addressed to “Mrs. Dingley,” etc. Endorsed “Octr. 18. At Portraune.”

{459a} “Sometimes, when better company was not to be had, he [Swift] was honoured by being invited to play at cards with his patron; and on such occasions Sir William was so generous as to give his antagonist a little silver to begin with” (Macaulay, _History of England_, chap. xix.).

{459b} _The History of the Works of the Learned_, a quarto periodical, was published from 1699 to 1711.

{459c} See p. 343.

{459d} See p. 277.

{460a} Lady Elizabeth Savage, daughter of Richard, fourth Earl Rivers (see p. 88), was the second wife of James Barry, fourth Earl of Barrymore. Of Earl Rivers’ illegitimate children, one, Bessy, married (1) Frederick Nassau, third Earl of Rochford, and (2) a clergyman named Carter; while another, Richard Savage, was the poet. Earl Rivers’ successor, John Savage, the fifth Earl, was a Roman Catholic priest, the grandson of John, first Earl Rivers. On his death in 1728 the title became extinct.

{460b} No. 32.

{460c} Very sick.

{460d} From “but I” to “agreeable” is partially obliterated.

{460e} Mrs. Swanton was the eldest daughter of Willoughby Swift, and therefore Swift’s second cousin. In her will Esther Johnson left to Swift “a bond of thirty pounds, due to me by Dr. Russell, in trust for the use of Mrs. Honoria Swanton.”

{460f} This sentence is partially obliterated.

{460g} See p. 452.

{461a} See p. 25.

{461b} The latter half of this sentence is partially obliterated.

{462a} Partly obliterated.

{462b} See p. 54.

{462c} Wise.

{462d} Partly obliterated.

{462e} See p. 43.

{462f} This sentence is almost obliterated.

{463a} The MS. of this letter has not been preserved.

{463b} See p. 245.

{463c} Swift’s friend, Dr. Pratt (see p. 5), was then Provost of Trinity College, Dublin.

{463d} Samuel Molyneux, then aged twenty-three, was the son of William Molyneux (1656–1698), M.P. for Dublin University, a writer on philosophical and scientific subjects, and the friend of Locke. Samuel Molyneux took his M.A. degree in Dublin in 1710, and in 1712 visited England. He was befriended by the Duke of Marlborough at Antwerp, and in 1714 was sent by the Duke on a mission to the Court of Hanover. He held office under George I., but devoted most of his attention to astronomical research, until his death in 1728.

{464a} Probably _The Case of Ireland’s being bound by Acts of Parliament in England stated_ (1698).

{464b} Oxford and Bolingbroke.

{464c} See p. 360.

{464d} See p. 453.

{464e} George Ridpath (died 1726), a Whig journalist, of whom Pope (_Dunciad_, i. 208) wrote—

“To Dulness Ridpath is as dear as Mist.”

He edited the _Flying Post_ for some years, and also wrote for the _Medley_ in 1712. In September William Hurt and Ridpath were arrested for libellous and seditious articles, but were released on bail. On October 23 they appeared before the Court of Queen’s Bench, and were continued on their recognizances. In February 1713 Ridpath was tried and, in spite of an able defence by leading Whig lawyers, was convicted. Sentence was postponed, and when Ridpath failed to appear, as ordered, in April, his recognizances were escheated, and a reward offered for his discovery; but he had fled to Scotland, and from thence to Holland.

{466a} See p. 456.

{466b} Lady Orkney’s sister, Barbara Villiers, who married John Berkeley, fourth Viscount Fitz-Hardinge, had been governess to the Duke of Gloucester, Queen Anne’s son. She died in 1708, in her fifty-second year; and on her husband’s death four years later the peerage became extinct.

{466c} For the street criers, see the _Spectator_, No. 251.

{466d} Addressed to “Mrs. Dingley.” Endorsed “Nov. 26, just come from Portraine”; and “The band-box plot—D: Hamilton’s murther.”

{467a} Charles Mohun, fifth Baron Mohun, had been twice arraigned of murder, but acquitted; and during his short but turbulent life he had taken part in many duels. Even Burnet could say nothing in his favour.

{467b} This duel between the Duke of Hamilton (see p. 262) and Lord Mohun, who had married nieces of Lord Macclesfield, had its origin in a protracted dispute about some property. The challenge came from Lord Mohun, and the combatants fought like “enraged lions.” Tory writers suggested that the duel was a Whig conspiracy to get rid of the Duke of Hamilton (_Examiner_, Nov. 20, 1712). The whole subject is discussed from the Whig point of view in Boyer’s _Political State_ for 1712, pp. 297–326.

{467c} “Will” (MS.).

{467d} See p. 262, note 2.

{467e} George Maccartney (see pp. 89, 387) fought at Almanza, Malplaquet, and Douay. After the duel, Maccartney escaped to Holland, but on the accession of George I. he returned to England, and was tried for murder (June 1716), when Colonel Hamilton gave evidence against him. Hamilton’s evidence was discredited, and he found it necessary to sell his commission and leave the country. Maccartney was found guilty as an accessory, and “burnt” in the hand. Within a month he was given an appointment in the army; and promoted to be Lieutenant-General. He died in 1730.

{467f} Colonel John Hamilton, of the Scots Guards. He surrendered himself, and was tried at the Old Bailey on Dec. 12, 1712, when he was found guilty of manslaughter, on two indictments; and on the following day he was “burnt” in the hand. Hamilton died in October 1716, soon after Maccartney’s trial, from a sudden vomiting of blood.

{467g} “That” (MS.).

{468a} The story (as told in the Tory _Postboy_ of Nov. 11 to 13) was that on Nov. 4 a bandbox was sent to the Earl of Oxford by post. When he began to open it he saw a pistol, whereupon a gentleman present [Swift] asked for the box, and opening it, by the window, found powder, nails, etc., so arranged that, if opened in the ordinary way, the whole would have been fired, and two barrels discharged different ways. No doubt a box so packed was received, but whether anything serious was intended, or whether it was a hoax, cannot be said with any certainty. The Earl of Oxford is said to have met allusions to the subject with a smile, and Swift seems to have been annoyed at the reports which were put into circulation.

{468b} “We have received a more particular account relating to the box sent to the Lord Treasurer, as mentioned in our last, which is as follows,” etc. (_Evening News_, Nov. 11 to 13, 1712).

{468c} Either _A Letter to the People_, _to be left for them at the Booksellers_, _with a word or two of the Bandbox Plot_ (by T. Burnet), 1712, or _An Account of the Duel_ . . ., _with Previous Reflections on Sham Plots_ (by A. Boyer), 1712. Swift’s connection with the Bandbox Plot was ridiculed in the _Flying Post_ for Nov. 20 to 22.

{468d} Cf. p. 154.

{469a} This sentence is partially obliterated.

{469b} Part of this sentence has been obliterated.

{470a} See p. 427. I have not been able to find a copy of the paper containing Swift’s paragraph.

{470b} This sentence is partially obliterated.

{471a} See p. 104.

{471b} Apparently Humphrey Griffith, who was one of the Commissioners of Salt; but Swift gives the name as “Griffin” throughout.

{471c} See pp. 25, 461.

{471d} For these shorter letters Swift folded the folio sheet before writing.

{472a} Addressed to “Mrs. Dingley,” etc. Endorsed “Decr. 18.”

{472b} Vengeance.

{472c} Charles Connor, scholar of Trinity College, Dublin, who took his B.A. degree in the same year as Swift (1686), and his M.A. degree in 1691.

{472d} _The History of the Peace of Utrecht_.

{473a} See p. 467, note 6.

{473b} Lord Oxford’s daughter Elizabeth married, on Dec. 16, 1712, Peregrine Hyde, Marquis of Caermarthen, afterwards third Duke of Leeds (see pp. 226, 417). She died on Nov. 20, 1713, a few days after the birth of a son. Swift called her “a friend I extremely loved.”

{473c} “Is” (MS.).

{473d} Disorders.

{473e} See p. 335.

{473f} John Francis, Rector of St. Mary’s, Dublin, was made Dean of Leighlin in 1705.

{473g} See p. 67.

{473h} Possibly “have.”

{473i} See p. 468.

{474} This clause is omitted by Mr. Ryland.

{475a} See p. 304.

{475b} See p. 466.

{475c} Thomas Jones, Esq., was M.P. for Trim in the Parliament of 1713–4.

{476a} A Dutch agent employed in the negotiations with Lewis XIV.

{476b} When I come home.

{476c} Addressed to “Mrs. Dingley,” etc. Endorsed “Jan. 13.”

{477a} “Ay, marry, this is something like.” The earlier editions give, “How agreeable it is in a morning.” The words in the MS. are partially obliterated.

{477b} In this letter (Dec. 20, 1712) Swift paid many compliments to the Duchess of Ormond (see p. 160): “All the accomplishments of your mind and person are so deeply printed in the heart, and represent you so lively to my imagination, that I should take it for a high affront if you believed it in the power of colours to refresh my memory.”

{478a} Tisdall’s _Conduct of the Dissenters in Ireland_ (see p. 517).

{478b} See pp. 73, 192–3.

{478c} Monteleon.

{479a} See pp. 7, 24.

{479b} Utrecht, North and South Holland, and West Frieseland.

{479c} See p. 439.

{479d} See p. 439.

{479e} _On Queen Anne’s Peace_.

{479f} See p. 422. The poem was _Dryades_, _or the Nymph’s Prophecy_.

{480a} See p. 343.

{480b} See p. 159.

{480c} Dr. Tobias Pullen (1648–1713) was made Bishop of Dromore in 1695.

{480d} Lord Charles Douglas, Earl of Selkirk, died unmarried in 1739. When his father, William, first Earl of Selkirk, married Anne, Duchess of Hamilton, the Duchess obtained for her husband, in 1660, the title of Duke of Hamilton, for life. James II. conferred the Earldom of Selkirk on his Grace’s second and younger sons, primogenitively; and the second son having died without issue, the third, Charles, became Earl. The fifth son, George, was created Earl of Orkney (see p. 456). The difference between Lord Selkirk and the Earl of Abercorn (see p. 86) to which Swift alludes was in connection with the claim to the Dukedom of Chatelherault (see p. 426).

{481a} Heart.

{481b} This sentence is almost illegible.

{481c} A reward of £500 was offered by the Crown for Maccartney’s apprehension, and £200 by the Duchess of Hamilton.

{482} In the proposed _History of the Peace of Utrecht_.

{483a} Mr. Ryland’s reading. Forster has “Iss.” These words are obliterated.

{483b} Hoist. Cf. “Hoised up the mainsail” (Acts xxvii. 40).

{483c} It was afterwards found that Miss Ashe was suffering from smallpox.

{484a} See p. 101. We are told in the _Wentworth Papers_, p. 268, that the Duchess of Shrewsbury remarked to Lady Oxford, “Madam, I and my Lord are so weary of talking politics; what are you and your Lord?” whereupon Lady Oxford sighed and said she knew no Lord but the Lord Jehovah. The Duchess rejoined, “Oh, dear! Madam, who is that? I believe ’tis one of the new titles, for I never heard of him before.”

{484b} A thousand merry new years. The words are much obliterated.

{484c} Lady Anne Hamilton, daughter of James, first Duke of Hamilton, became Duchess on the death of her uncle William, the second Duke, at the battle of Worcester.

{485a} The quarrel between Oxford and Bolingbroke.

{485b} See p. 276.

{485c} Burnet (_History_, iv. 382) says that the Duc d’Aumont was “a goodnatured and generous man, of profuse expense, throwing handfuls of money often out of his coach as he went about the streets. He was not thought a man of business, and seemed to employ himself chiefly in maintaining the dignity of his character and making himself acceptable to the nation.”

{486a} Partially obliterated.

{486b} For the most part illegible. Forster reads, “Go, play cards, and be melly, deelest logues, and rove Pdfr. Nite richar MD, FW oo roves Pdfr. FW lele lele ME ME MD MD MD MD MD MD. MD FW FW FW ME ME FW FW FW FW FW ME ME ME.”

{486c} On the third page of the paper.

{486d} See p. 44.

{487a} To “Mrs. Dingley,” etc. Endorsed “Feb. 4.”

{487b} This sentence is scribbled over. Forster reads the last word as “lastalls,” _i.e._ rascals, but it seems rather to be “ledles.”