Chapter II

1820.

TRAVELS IN FRANCE, ITALY, GREECE, EGYPT, AND THE EAST.

I. FRANCE AND ITALY.--General effects of travel--Study of classical architecture--Observation of natural scenery--Universality and accuracy of examination. II. GREECE AND CONSTANTINOPLE.--Growth of artistic power--Impressions of Athens and Constantinople--Contrast of the Turkish and Greek characters. III. EGYPT AND THE EAST.--Great effect of Egyptian architecture upon him--Mehemet Ali’s government--Dendera, Esneh, Edfou, Philæ, Abousimbel, Thebes--Return to Cairo--Palestine--Jerash--Baalbec--Damascus--Palmyra. IV. SICILY AND ITALY.--Syracuse, Messina, Agrigentum, and Palermo--Return to Rome--Meeting with Mr. J. L. Wolfe--Systematic architectural study--Effects of Egyptian impressions--Italian palaces at Rome, Florence, Vicenza, and Venice--Italian churches--St. Peter’s, the Pantheon, the cathedrals at Florence and Milan--The bridge of La Santa Trinita at Florence--The growth of his architectural principles--Return to England 15

CHAPTER III.

1829.

EARLY PROFESSIONAL LIFE.

Early difficulties and failures--Thought of emigration--Non-publication of his sketches--Holland House--Revival of Gothic--His Manchester churches, and their peculiarities--Marriage--Church at Oldham--Alarm at Prestwich Church--Designs for King’s College, Cambridge--Royal Institution at Manchester--Gradual relinquishment of Greek architecture--St. Peter’s Church, Brighton--Sussex County Hospital--Petworth Church--Queen’s Park, Brighton, his first Italian design--Islington churches--His relations to church architecture generally--Removal to Foley Place--Subsidiary work--Travellers’ Club--General character of his life at this period 64

CHAPTER IV.

CHIEF ITALIAN WORKS.

Plan of the Chapter. (A.) ORIGINAL BUILDINGS--Varieties of his Italian style--First manner--Reform Club--Manchester Athenæum--New wing at Trentham--Second manner--Bridgewater House--Third manner--Halifax Town Hall. (B.) CONVERSIONS AND ALTERATIONS--College of Surgeons--Walton House--Highclere House--Board of Trade--Architectural gardening--Trentham Hall--Duncombe Park--Harewood House--Shrubland Park--Cliefden House--Laying out of Trafalgar Square. (C.) DESIGNS CARRIED OUT BY OTHERS--Keyham Factory--Ambassador’s Palace at Constantinople--General remarks on his Italian architecture 89

CHAPTER V.

MINOR GOTHIC WORKS.

Progress of the Gothic revival--Birmingham Grammar School--First acquaintance with Mr. Pugin and Mr. Thomas--Alterations at Dulwich College--Unitarian chapel at Manchester--Additions to University College, Oxford--Hurstpierpoint Church--Canford Manor--Gawthorpe Hall--Designs for Dunrobin Castle 128