Chapter XXXII: Book V: Age. 1830-1849 (3)

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Calhoun, John C., M.C. from South Carolina, 445, 473, 562;
on Gallatin's character, 576, 577;
W. H. Crawford's comments on, 580, 581;
Gallatin's opinion of, 599;
chosen Vice-President, 601, 602;
on war with France, 655.

Calvin, John, 2, 11.

Campbell, George W., M.C. from Tennessee, his report
on foreign relations in 1808, 378;
Secretary of the Treasury, 505.

Canning, George, 381, 383, 399;
his remarks on the naval battles of 1812, 171;
his treatment of Mr. Jefferson's diplomacy, 356;
his management of the affair of the Chesapeake, 364;
of the orders in council, 364, 365;
his success, 367, 368, 411;
his sarcasms, 374, 376;
his instructions to Erskine, 392, 393;
disavowal of Erskine's arrangement, 394;
thrown out of office, 411;
Foreign Secretary in 1826, 614;
his orders in council of 1826, in regard to the West India trade, 615-617;
his motives, 616, 618, 620, 624, 627;
Prime Minister, 626;
his opinion of the English constitution, 626;
his death, 626.

Castlereagh, Lord, 498, 499;
instructions to Lord Cathcart, 503;
offers direct negotiation, 504;
favorable to peace, 506, 507, 508, 516;
obliged to check Mr. Goulburn, 525;
favors delay, 531;
his influence in 1818, 569, 618;
his death, 614.

Cathcart, Lord, 503, 504.

Caucuses, party, 214, 595;
in 1824, 592, 594, 595, 596, 597.

Champagny, Duke de Cadore, his letter of August 5, 1810, 420, 421.

Chapman, Maria, 671.

Chase, Judge Samuel, his impeachment, 327;
his successor, 440.

Chateaubriand, Vicomte de, French Minister of Foreign Relations, 567.

Chesapeake, affair of, 357, 359, 360.

Cheves, Langdon, M.C. from South Carolina, 445, 472, 473, 475, 476;
President of the U.S. Bank, 582, 583.

Circular to collectors. (See _Civil Service_.)

Citizenship, Gallatin's, 48, 49, 62, 109, 111, 112;
statement of the question regarding, 119, 120;
adverse decision, 110, 121;
amendment of the Constitution concerning, 203, 211.

Civil service in 1801, 273;
Gallatin's circular to collectors, 278, 279.

Claiborne, W. C. C., Governor of Louisiana, 319, 325;
establishes a bank at New Orleans, 322.

Clare, Thomas, 55, 62, 71, 99, 120;
his death, 560.

Clark, John, Governor of Georgia, 581.

Clay, Henry, 154, 445, 577;
opposes the bank charter in 1811, 428, 429, 430;
supports the war policy, 449;
forces Mr. Madison to recommend a declaration, 456-459;
sent to negotiate treaty of peace, 505;
his views on the political situation and the New
England Federalists, 509, 546;
his antagonism to Mr. Adams, 520, 522, 544-546;
his criticisms, 523;
opposes offer to renew the treaty of 1783 in regard
to the fisheries and the Mississippi, 541;
carries a compromise, 541, 542;
continues his opposition, 544;
nettled by the result, 545;
joined with Gallatin and Adams in negotiating
commercial convention, 548-552;
opposes President Monroe, 562;
Gallatin's opinion of, 599, 623;
to be supported as Vice-President, 602;
causes the election of J. Q. Adams, 602;
distrust felt towards him, 608, 609;
offers Gallatin the post of envoy to the Panama Congress, 612;
his note on the colonial trade difficulty, 616, 623;
his attack on Gallatin in 1832, 641;
his compromise, 642.

Clinton, De Witt, 282, 471, 562, 577.

Clinton, George, consents to be candidate for the Assembly, 234, 237;
averse to accepting the Vice-Presidency in 1800, 239, 242;
recommends Burr, 242;
chosen Vice-President, 312;
throws casting vote against the bank charter, 429, 430;
annoys Administration, 471, 606.

Clopton, John, M.C. from Virginia, 202.

Coast Survey, 350.

Cobb, T. W., M.C. from Georgia, 593.

Coit, Joshua, M.C. from Connecticut, 202.

Collectors, circular to. (See _Civil Service_.)

Colonial trade, 151, 550, 551, 569, 570, 571;
British orders in council of 1826, 615-617;
failure of negotiations, 617, 621, 622, 623, 624, 625, 628.

Committee of Ways and Means, its origin, 157, 172.

Connecticut, 68;
manners, 191.

Constitution of 1787, 68, 76, 79, 648;
its provisions regarding eligibility to the Senate, 119, 120;
its grants of power: regarding a national bank, 157;
internal improvements, 157;
the making of treaties, 160, 161, 162, 163, 319, 674;
amendment proposed regarding citizenship, 203, 211, 224;
the acquisition of territory, 319-321, 674;
its great defect the monarchical principle, 606;
its guarantees to the slave power, 673.

Cooper, Dr. Samuel, 15;
obtains for Gallatin a position as instructor
in French at Harvard College, 38, 39, 42;
joins in giving him a certificate, 43, 44.

Copenhagen, 495.

Coxe, Tench, 228.

Craik, William, M.C. from Maryland, 262.

Cramer, Mr., 9, 11.

Crawford, William H., Senator from Georgia, 433, 435, 469;
supports the bank charter in 1811, 428;
sent as minister to France, 509, 510;
attempts to approach the Emperor Alexander, 611;
returns home with Bayard in 1815, 552;
Secretary of the Treasury under Monroe, 559, 562, 566;
his political plans, 578, 580;
his comments on J. C. Calhoun, 580, 581;
on J. Q. Adams, 579, 580;
on William Lowndes, 581;
on Henry Clay, 582;
his bitterness,
586;
candidate of the triumvirate for the Presidency, 589, 592, 599;
struck by paralysis, 590, 593, 594;
reproached with intrigue, 597;
offered the Treasury by J. Q. Adams, 607.

Cumberland Road. (See _Internal Improvements_.)

Currency, Gallatin's opinions on, 638, 664;
his essays on, 638, 647, 648, 662, 664, 665.

Curtius. (See _John Thompson_.)

Dallas, Alexander J., 245, 259, 281, 312;
comes to America in 1783, 67;
Secretary of State for Pennsylvania, 86;
his intimacy with Gallatin, 99, 109, 113, 303;
his part in the whiskey campaign, 142, 143;
on Pennsylvania politics, 326, 328, 330, 333, 439;
on the impeachment of the judges, 327;
offered the chief-justiceship of Pennsylvania, 333;
on the last year of Mr. Jefferson's Presidency, 372;
recharters the U.S. Bank, 429;
on the succession to Justice Chase, 440-442;
imposes war taxes, 468;
on Gallatin's rejection by the Senate, 479;
retires from the Treasury, 557;
differs from Gallatin on returning to specie payments, 657.

Dallas, George M., 493;
sent to England, 502.

Dana, Samuel, M.C. from Connecticut, 154, 155, 156, 185, 205;
the most eloquent man in Congress, 188.

Davis, Matthew L., 228;
editor of the Time-Piece, 197;
Burr's most active friend, 232;
presses him for the Vice-Presidency, 239, 240;
candidate for the post of naval officer, 282, 283;
goes to Monticello, 284, 287;
his rejection a declaration of war on Burr, 288.

Davy, Albert, 666.

Dayton, Jonathan, M.C. from New Jersey, speech
on sequestering British debts, 121;
Speaker, 191, 192, 202.

Dearborn, Henry, Secretary of War, 265, 274, 303, 345, 373;
his character, 276;
general, 485.

Debt, public. (See _Finances_.)

Degen and Purviance, navy agents at Leghorn, 400-403.

Democracy, its dogmas in 1801, 270, 272, 655, 666.

Dennis, John, M.C. from Maryland, 262.

De Staël, Mme., 563;
La Fayette's interview with the Emperor at her house, 513;
on the negotiations at Ghent, 531, 532;
her death, 566.

Dexter, Samuel, Secretary of the Treasury, 258, 265, 277.

Drayton, William, M.C. from South Carolina, 642.

Duane, William, editor of the Aurora, Treasury books in his hands, 258;
urges removals from office, 277, 278, 281;
cause of his hostility to Gallatin, 281, 311, 331;
his schism, 311, 312, 326, 328, 329, 330, 331;
his war on Gallatin, 322, 329, 388, 400, 414,
417, 419, 427, 437, 439, 442, 558;
account of, by J. Q. Adams, 442;
his treatment by Jefferson and Madison, 443, 483.

Dumont, Etienne, schoolmate of Gallatin's, 16, 52, 289, 519.

D'Yvernois, 144, 145, 146.

Edgar, James, 136, 176.

Education, 84, 90;
Mr. Jefferson's scheme for a national university, 350;
Gallatin's scheme for a popular university, 648.

Ellsworth, Oliver, 112, 228, 486.

Embargo decided upon, 366;
Gallatin's opinion on, 366, 370-372, 375, 622;
Jefferson's opinions on, 367, 368, 369;
adopted, 369;
amended, 369;
effects of, 370, 412;
Robert Smith's opinion on, 373;
Enforcement Act, 378, 379;
repeal of, 375, 380, 382, 383;
to give place to war, 383, 384, 385;
removed, 386.

England, her political condition in 1789, 71;
her conduct towards America in 1793, 104, 112;
Jay's treaty, 158-166;
the danger of war, 165, 169;
relations with, in 1798, 224;
in 1801, 255;
in 1805, 334;
revival of the rule of 1756, 348;
Monroe and Pinkney's treaty, 355, 356;
her change of policy in 1807, 356;
affair of the Chesapeake, 357-362, 364;
orders in council, 364, 365, 366, 367, 374, 376, 378, 393, 460, 472;
Rose's mission, 364, 367, 394, 397;
Erskine's arrangement, 392, 393;
disavowed, 394, 396;
Jackson's mission, 394, 396, 411;
proposed Navigation Act against, 413, 414;
Macon's Act, 416;
her refusal to withdraw the orders in council, 425, 444;
approach of war, 444, 460;
refuses Russian mediation, 497, 499, 500, 503;
offers direct negotiation, 504;
refuses concessions on impressment, 506;
her attempts to isolate the United States, 499, 511, 513, 514;
her position in Europe, 517, 518 (see _Ghent, Negotiations at_);
commercial convention of 1815, 551, 614, 626;
negotiations of 1818, 570-572 (see _Colonial Trade,
Fisheries, Mississippi, Impressments_);
negotiations of 1826-27, 612-629 (see _Colonial Trade, Boundary_);
disposition towards America, 508, 618, 620, 621, 622, 624, 625, 627, 628;
character of English diplomacy, 622.

Eppes, John W., M.C. from Virginia, 480.

Erskine, David M., British minister, 358, 359, 381;
his relations with Gallatin, 381, 395, 418;
his wish to reconcile, 381, 382;
his arrangement, 392-394;
disavowed, 394, 396;
his despatches, 418.

Escalade, the, 4, 30.

Ethnological Society, 645.

Ethnology. (See _Indian Ethnology_.)

Eustis, William, Secretary of War, 395, 440, 462, 469;
his administration of the War Department, 467, 468, 469, 470;
his resignation, 470;
minister to the Netherlands, 568.

Everett, Alexander, 587.

Everett, Edward, 655.

Excise, resolutions on, by the Pennsylvania Legislature, 88;
causes of hostility to, 88;
Washington resolutions on, 89;
Pittsburg resolutions on, 91, 123;
their effect, 93, 94;
resistance to the law previous to the insurrection, 123, 124;
its repeal in 1801-2, 274;
reimposition in the war of 1812, 452, 453.

Fauchet, Joseph, French Minister, 188.

Fayette County, 55, 58, 62, 73, 75, 90, 108, 109, 113, 121, 122;
its obedience to the excise law, 124;
disturbed by rioters, 130, 138;
insurrection in, 148, 149.

Federalist party, 155, 156, 159, 161, 165, 169, 175, 178, 184,
199, 203, 206, 211, 215, 221,
223, 228, 232, 265, 266, 272,
274, 277, 280, 281, 373, 379,
394, 414;
its success, 273, 274;
schism in, 221;
plans in 1801, 254, 257, 259, 262, 263;
disorganized, 398;
conduct in the war, 477, 483, 484.

Few, William, Senator from Georgia, Gallatin's brother-in-law, 101.

Finances, 167;
of the United States in 1796, 157, 168, 169, 173, 174;
in 1800, 243;
in 1801, 291-293;
in 1802, 305, 306;
in 1803, 318, 319;
in 1804, 327;
in 1805, 348;
in 1806, 348, 349;
in 1808, 382;
in 1809, 412;
in 1811, 445, 446;
management of, by the Federalists, 273, 274;
national debt, its origin, 168, 169;
its amount in 1796, 168, 173;
in 1800, 243;
addition to, in 1803, 318;
reduction in 1806, 348;
its condition in 1811, 446;
its payment the great dogma of the
Democratic principle, 270, 276, 354, 407, 410, 655, 656;
Gallatin's "fundamental substantial measure," 293, 295, 296, 297, 318;
Mr. Hamilton's sinking fund, 173, 174, 229, 230, 231, 296;
ultimate discharge of the debt and its consequences, 655, 656;
direct tax, 181;
reduction of taxation a dogma of Democracy, 270, 276;
internal taxes, removed in 1801-2, 270, 291, 293, 295;
restored in the war of 1812, 452, 453;
Mediterranean Fund, 295, 318, 319, 336, 349, 412, 446;
loans, 447, 452, 473;
in 1812, 454;
in 1813, 477;
war taxes, 451, 452, 454, 475, 480;
threatened collapse in 1812, 474;
suspension of specie payments in 1814, 553, 556, 561, 657;
in 1837, 667;
resumption in 1838, 658-662.

Findley, William, 92, 136, 176, 177, 222, 323, 453.

Fisheries, nature of the question at Ghent, 540, 541;
disputes in the American commission, 541, 542, 544;
doubts on the British side, 542, 543;
omitted from the treaty, 545;
settlement in 1818, 571;
Gallatin's opinion of, 572.

Fisk, James, M.C. from Vermont, 456.

Florida, proposed purchase of, in 1805, 336, 337, 339, 341;
cession of, in 1819, 572, 573.

Foster, Augustus, British minister, 444.

Fox, Charles James, 355.

France, her conduct towards Geneva, 52;
her cause in 1793, 104, 110, 112;
how affected by Jay's treaty, 158, 166, 178, 186;
relations with, in May, 1797, 184;
in 1798, 189, 195, 196, 199, 200, 201, 214;
in 1801, 254, 255, 273;
treaty rejected, 258;
ratified, 259;
the peace of Amiens, 300;
her purchase of Louisiana, 307;
sells Louisiana to the United States, 308, 334;
her Berlin and Milan decrees, 355, 364, 374, 376, 378, 422;
Macon's Act, 416;
its effect on French policy, 419, 420, 421, 444;
her secret Trianon decree, 422;
her Rambouillet decree, 421, 423, 424;
indemnity asked of her, 444;
negotiations on, 567, 568, 655;
court of Louis XVIII., 563;
commercial negotiations and treaty, 1819-1822, 573-575, 579, 582;
case of the Apollon and Alligator, 575, 576, 579;
threatened rupture with, in 1835, 655.

Franklin, Benjamin, 15, 24, 38, 519, 520, 567.

Free trade, 640;
memorial, 640.

Freneau, Philip, 197.

Friendship Hill, 63, 589, 590, 610.

Gaddis, 147, 148.

Gailliard, John, Senator from South Carolina, 484.

Gallatin, Abraham, of Pregny, grand-father of Albert Gallatin, 5, 10, 64;
his death, 94.

Gallatin, Albert, his origin and family, 1-5;
his birth, 9, 10;
his education, 10-15;
graduates from college, 16;
refuses a commission in the Hessian service, 17;
secretly quits Geneva, 17, 18;
writes from Pimboeuf, 23;
lands at Gloucester, 26, 27;
arrives at Boston, 26, 27, 35;
his account of Boston in 1780, 27, 28;
his voyage to Machias, 30, 32, 36;
his life at Machias, 33-37, 40;
returns to Boston, 38;
instructor in French at Harvard College, 39, 42, 43, 70;
departs to Philadelphia, 44;
associates himself with Savary in land
speculations, 46, 50, 53, 59, 60, 61, 70;
his political opinions in 1783, 47-49, 51, 52;
decides to become an American citizen, 48, 49;
goes to Richmond, 53, 54;
his first expedition to the Ohio, 54, 65;
his first meeting with General Washington, 56-59;
brings Badollet to America, 60;
his second expedition to the Ohio, 61, 62;
attempts to settle there, 62;
becomes a citizen of Virginia, 62;
leases land at George's Creek, 62;
returns to Richmond, 63;
buys Friendship Hill, 63;
rumor of his death, 65;
his indolence, 22, 65, 73;
his awkwardness, 103;
attains his majority, 65;
his life at George's Creek, 66, 67;
result of his land speculations, 67;
makes a winter expedition to Maine, 68, 69;
falls in love with Sophia Allegre, 69, 70, 71;
his first marriage, 71, 72;
death of his wife, 72, 75, 80;
meditates returning to Geneva, 73, 75;
his political tendencies, 76, 77;
attends the Harrisburg conference, 77;
his draft of report, 78;
opposes the calling of the convention
of 1789 to revise the State constitution
of Pennsylvania, 79, 80;
becomes a member of it, 80;
his share in its proceedings, 81, 83;
is elected to the State Legislature, 83;
his share in legislation, 84-86, 89, 90, 95;
his report in favor of the abolition of slavery, 86;
his resolutions on the excise, 87, 88;
his report on the finances of Pennsylvania, 85;
his plan for a county school system, 84, 90;
for county taxation, 91, 97;
elected Senator, 86, 95, 96, 97, 98;
clerk of the Pittsburg meeting of August, 1792, 91, 92;
his responsibility for the resolutions, 92;
his opinion of them, 92, 93, 94;
his inheritance, 66, 94;
question as to his citizenship, 98;
falls in love with Hannah Nicholson, 99, 102;
his views on European politics in 1793, 104, 110, 112;
his marriage, 108;
his election as Senator disputed, 109, 111, 113;
takes his seat in the Senate, 110, 112;
goes into business, 113, 152, 153, 175, 176, 221, 226;
his action as Senator, 114;
his call for financial statements from the Treasury, 115;
declared ineligible to the Senate, 119, 120, 121;
sells western lands to Robert Morris, 121, 122, 179;
returns to George's Creek, 123;
attends meeting at Uniontown on outbreak of insurrection, 124;
attends meeting at Parkinson's Ferry, 130, 131, 132, 133, 134, 135;
at Redstone Old Fort, 135-137;
urges that the army should not march, 138;
elected to Congress, 140; returns to the Assembly, 141;
election disputed, 141, 143, and annulled, 142;
his speech on the occasion, 141, 142;
his re-election, 142, 144;
his scheme for emigration from Geneva, 144, 145, 146, 150, 151;
his opinion of New York and Pennsylvania society, 146, 147;
of Jay's treaty, 151;
enters Congress, 154;
his account of his Congressional service, 155-157;
his speeches on Jay's treaty, 155, 156, 161, 162, 163, 165, 166;
his views on constitutional construction, 157, 205;
Executive encroachments, 157;
specific appropriations, 157, 180, 299;
the finances in 1796, 157, 169, 173, 174;
originates the standing committee of Ways and Means, 157, 172;
his views on the navy, 157, 170, 171, 172, 180, 217, 218, 229, 334, 335;
his share in originating the land-system, 167, 297, 298;
his financial principles compared with Hamilton's, 169, 174, 175;
re-elected to Congress, 176-178;
birth of his eldest son, 179, 180, 181, 182;
on the political situation in 1797, 183, 185, 187;
his opinion of Washington, 182;
of John Adams, 265, 266;
the political situation in 1798, 189,
190, 195, 196, 199, 200, 201, 202, 203, 223, 224;
on foreign intercourse, 189, 195, 197, 198, 611;
on the alien bill, 205, 219, 220;
on the sedition bill, 207, 208, 219;
on the exclusion of slavery from the Southwestern Territory, 209;
re-elected to Congress, 210;
his character described by Curtius, 213;
his nationality of character, 214;
on R. G. Harper, 216, 217;
state of his affairs, 222, 225;
on the political situation in 1799, 226, 227, 228;
on a sinking fund, 230, 231, 296;
on John Marshall's argument in the case of Jonathan Robbins, 232;
on the New York City election of 1800, 240, 241;
on the finances in 1800, 243;
his account of the Jefferson-Burr contest in 1801, 248-251, 253-262;
his plan in the event of usurpation, 248, 251, 254, 255, 256;
his description of Washington in 1801, 252, 253;
named as Secretary of the Treasury, 258, 259;
nomination communicated by Mr. Jefferson, 263;
fears of rejection by the Senate, 264, 265, 276;
his position compared with that of Hamilton, 268, 269;
his views on the objects of Mr. Jefferson's Administration, 269-271;
his opposition to removals from office, 277, 279, 280, 285, 286, 290;
his circular to collectors, 278;
on M. L. Davis, 285, 286;
on Burr's political position in 1801, 287, 288, 289;
on the succession to Mr. Jefferson, 287, 288;
his "fundamental substantial measure" regarding
reduction of debt, 292-295, 296, 297;
his notes on the finances in 1801, 292;
his complaints of bad administration in the navy, 294;
his views on removal of internal taxes, 291, 293, 295;
on internal improvements, 85, 86, 157, 167, 299;
his portrait by Stuart, 301;
his house in Washington, 302;
his account of a public dinner at the navy-yard, 304;
on the finances in 1802, 305;
on dry-docks, 305;
on the U. S. Bank, 309;
on the occupation of Louisiana, 319;
on the constitutional right to acquire territory, 319;
his description of Humboldt, 323;
his relations with John Randolph, 314, 324,
328, 329, 339, 340, 341, 342, 344;
on Pennsylvania politics, 330, 331;
on relations with Spain, 334, 335;
on the political dissensions of 1806, 345-347;
on the finances in 1806, 349;
on internal improvements, 350-352;
on gun-boats, 352-354;
on the affair of the Chesapeake and war with England, 357-359, 361, 362;
on embargoes, 366;
on enforcing the embargo law, 370-372, 373, 374, 375;
on the attitude of England and France, 374-376;
urges Mr. Jefferson to settle a policy, 377, 378;
drafts "Campbell's Report," 378;
his war policy, 380, 382, 383, 384, 385, 386, 392;
his relations with Erskine, 381, 395, 418, 419;
chosen by Mr. Madison to be his Secretary of State, 383, 388-391;
on the navy coalition of 1809, 387, 388;
meditates resignation, 392, 403, 408-410;
on the disavowal of Erskine's arrangement, 396;
his political position in 1809, 398, 399;
on the bills of exchange drawn by Smith & Buchanan, 402, 403;
on the tendency to extravagance in Mr. Madison's Administration, 410;
his report for 1809, 412, 413;
favors continuation of the bank, 416, 417, 426, 451;
makes a report on domestic manufactures, 417;
on Mr. Jefferson's alleged partiality to France, 418, 419;
on the attacks of the Aurora, 419;
on Napoleon's secret Trianon decree, 422;
his letter of resignation in 1811, 434;
Duane's character of, 437, 438;
thirsts for obscurity, 440;
his feelings regarding Duane, 443, 483;
on the finances in 1811, 446, 447;
on loans, 447;
his views on war taxes, 450-452;
on the war policy, 450, 455, 461;
his alleged wish to lay up the frigates, 462-466;
wishes to reorganize the Cabinet, 469, 470;
on remission of forfeitures, 473;
requests to be sent to Russia, 477;
his motives, 478;
on the occupation of Florida, 481;
on the Russian mediation, 482;
his rejection by the Senate, 483-491, 501;
his system of administration, 491, 492;
sails for St. Petersburg, 493;
arrives at Gottenburg, 494;
at Copenhagen, 495;
at St. Petersburg, 495;
effect of his arrival, 498;
correspondence with Gen. Moreau, 499, 501, 509;
with Alexander Baring, 499, 500, 502, 504;
recognized by the Emperor and rejected by the Senate, 501;
determines on going to England, 502;
quits St. Petersburg, 505;
arrives at Amsterdam, 505, and in London, 506;
appointed member of commission to negotiate directly, 505, 508;
superintends diplomatic operations, 505;
changes negotiation from Gottenburg to Ghent, 506, 507, 509;
his views on the political situation, 507, 517;
attempts to win the Emperor Alexander, 499, 509, 510;
his interview with the Emperor, 514, 515;
meets Dumont and Bentham, 519;
arrives at Ghent, 518;
delicacy of his ground there, 522;
expects the negotiation to fail, 523, 524;
ascendency over the mission, 528;
on the financial outlook, 533;
draws article offering to confirm the provisions
of the treaty of 1783 regarding the fisheries
and the Mississippi, 541;
accepts Mr. Clay's compromise, 542;
offers an article to continue the liberty of taking fish, 544;
carries an article referring the subject to future negotiation, 544;
his delicate management, 545;
the treaty his special triumph, 546;
visits Geneva, 547, 598;
returns to Paris, 547;
appointed minister to France, 548;
negotiates commercial convention with England, 551;
returns to America, 553;
on the situation of America and Europe in 1815, 553, 554;
declines mission to France, 554;
declines nomination to Congress, 554;
declines offer of partnership with Mr. Astor, 555;
declines the Treasury, 558, 559;
reconsiders and accepts mission to France, 556, 557;
urges return to specie payments, 556, 561;
his residence in Paris, 561, 562, 563, 564, 565;
his arrival there, 562;
his opinion of Talleyrand, 564;
his negotiation for indemnities, 567, 568;
or a commercial treaty with the Netherlands, 568;
his negotiations with England in 1818, 568-572;
his opinion of the fisheries convention, 572;
his share in the commercial negotiations with France, 573-575, 577;
his argument in the case of the Apollon, 575, 576;
character of, by J. Q. Adams and J. C. Calhoun, 576, 577, 676;
declines the presidency of the U. S. Bank, 578;
decides to return to New Geneva, 578;
returns to America, 684-586, 588;
supports Mr. Crawford for the Presidency, 589, 590;
description of Friendship Hill, 589, 590;
nominated for the Vice-Presidency, 591, 592, 594;
his reasons for accepting, 598-600;
his account of Mr. Crawford's character, 598;
of Gen. Jackson, 599;
of Mr. Calhoun, 599;
of J. Q. Adams, 599;
of Mr. Clay, 599, 623;
of Genevan affairs, 600, 601;
withdraws from the contest, 602, 604, 605, 606;
his attitude towards J. Q. Adams, 607, 608;
entertains La Fayette, 611, 612;
offered appointment as envoy to the Panama Congress, 612;
appointed minister to London, 612, 613;
arrives in London, 613;
subjects of negotiation, 614;
his notes on colonial intercourse, 616, 617;
Mr. Van Buren's paraphrase of his despatch, 618;
his explanations of Mr. Canning's hostility, 620, 624;
his opinion of English and French diplomacy, 622;
his conciliatory management, 626, 628, 629;
his treaties of 1827, 626, 627;
prepares statement of the argument on the North-Eastern boundary, 629, 633;
his views on politics in 1828-9, 630, 631, 633, 634;
would accept mission to France in 1829, 632, 633;
disapproves removals from office, 633, 634;
on quitting public life, 634;
publishes his first essay on banks and currency, 637, 638, 647;
his attitude regarding the U. S. Bank, 638, 639, 651, 665, 666;
composes the free-trade memorial, 640, 642;
attacked by Mr. Clay, 641;
becomes president of the National Bank, 643, 647, 652;
resigns, 662;
his ethnological writings, 643-645, 652;
tries to establish a popular university, 648;
on politics in 1833, 648, 649;
in 1834, 650;
favors annual Presidency, 650;
on American society, 646, 650, 651, 653, 663, 664;
on universal suffrage, 654;
his share in the resumption of specie payments in 1838, 657-662;
his second essay on banks and currency, 662, 663, 664, 665;
asked by President Tyler to take the Treasury Department, 666, 667;
republishes his argument on the North-Eastern boundary, 668;
Alexander Baring's opinion of him, 668;
his views on the Ashburton negotiation, 670;
his pamphlet on the Oregon question, 671;
his speech on the annexation of Texas, 670-675;
J. Q. Adams's remarks regarding him, 676;
his pamphlet on peace with Mexico, 677;
his religious opinions, 678; his death, 678.

Gallatin, Mrs. Albert. (See _Allegre, Sophia_, and _Nicholson, Hannah_.)

Gallatin, James, 179, 180, 316, 480, 493,
606, 607, 608, 610, 632, 650; his son, 650, 667.

Gallatin, Jean, enrolled as citizen of Geneva in 1510, 2.

Gallatin, Jean, father of Albert Gallatin, 9;
his death, 10.

Gallatin, Paul Michel, Albert's guardian, 19-22.

Gallatin, Pierre, Count de, Würtemberg minister at Paris, 3, 563.

Gallatin-Rolaz, Mme., mother of Albert Gallatin, 7, 9, 10.

Gallatin-Vaudenet, Mme., grandmother of Albert Gallatin, 5, 16;
Voltaire's notes to, 6, 7;
her figs, 6, 7;
her children, 9;
gives her grandson a "cuff," 17;
her decline, 94.

Gambier, Lord, British commissioner at Ghent, 519.

Genet, Edmund, French minister, 86, 104, 111.

Geneva, its government, 3; its society, 5, 10, 11, 15, 40;
its academy, 11-15;
its politics, 28, 33, 48, 47, 48, 51, 52, 73, 75, 96, 97, 144, 145, 199;
emigration from, 145, 146, 150;
condition in 1814, 531;
revisited by Gallatin in 1815, 547;
his account of, 600, 601.

George IV., 650.

George's Creek, 55, 56, 58, 59, 66, 68, 69, 72, 123.

Georgetown, 253, 259, 530.

German, Obadiah, Senator from New York, 484.

Gerry, Elbridge, nominated envoy to France, 185;
vote on his confirmation, 185.

Ghent, negotiations at: meeting of the commissioners, 519;
American terms of peace, 520;
British terms, 520, 521;
Indian sovereignty, 521, 527;
antagonisms among the American commissioners, 520, 521, 522, 523;
expected failure of the negotiation, 523, 524, 525, 526;
first modification of the British terms, 526, 527;
effect on the American commissioners, 527, 528;
settlement of the Indian question, 535;
British offer of the basis of _uti possidetis_, 535, 536;
rejected, 536;
effect of the rejection, 536-538;
negotiation considered at an end, 636, 537;
interposition of the Duke of Wellington, 538, 539;
second modification of the British terms, 539, 540;
articles on impressment, blockade, and indemnities, 540;
straggles over the fisheries and the Mississippi, 540-545;
signature of the treaty, 546;
the treaty peculiarly a triumph of Mr. Gallatin, 546;
Castlereagh's opinion of, 546.

Giles, William B., 154, 156, 298, 678;
leaves Congress in 1798, 202;
favors war in 1808, 376;
opposes Gallatin's appointment as Secretary of State, 388, 389, 401;
opposes the bank charter, 427, 428, 429;
his taunts at Gallatin, 448, 449;
opposes Gallatin's confirmation to Russia, 484, 490;
thought of for President of the Senate, 485.

Gilman, Nicholas, Senator from New Hampshire, 484.

Girard, Stephen, 477.

Glass, manufacture of, 176.

Goodhue, Benjamin, Senator from Massachusetts, 185.

Goodrich, Chauncy, M.C. from Connecticut,
his speech for Jay's treaty the best, 155.

Gottenburg, 493, 494, 495.

Goulburn, Henry, British commissioner at Ghent, 519;
his reports of the Ghent negotiations, 524, 525, 534, 535, 545;
checked by his chiefs, 525, 526;
his mortification, 540;
his views on the fisheries, 543, 545;
negotiates commercial convention, 550.

Granger, Gideon, 329, 429.

Granges, estate in Bugey, 1, 2.

Greenville, treaty of, 521.

Griswold, Roger, M.C. from Connecticut, 154;
his speech on Jay's treaty, 155, 162, 163;
his altercation with Matthew Lyon, 191-193, 194, 195;
his political opinions, 192, 199, 214, 249;
nominated Secretary of War, 258;
his attack on Gallatin in 1803, 309, 314, 315.

Grundy, Felix, M.C. from Tennessee, 445, 457.

Gun-boats, Gallatin's views on, 352, 353;
Mr. Jefferson's views on, 353, 354;
results of, 354.

Gurney, Francis, 85, 88.

Hamilton, Alexander, 67, 101, 106, 120, 153, 154, 202, 320;
his financial policy, 87;
regarding excise, 89;
his jealousy of control, 114;
his letter on calls for financial information, 116, 117;
his course in regard to the whiskey rebellion, 139, 140, 141;
his antagonism to Jefferson, 159, 170;
his financial principles, 167, 168, 169;
his sinking fund, 173, 174, 296;
his reduction of debt, 174;
his political formulas, 199;
commander of the army, 211;
his statement of the political situation in 1798, 223;
pitted against Burr in 1800, 232, 242;
active in the New York City election of 1800, 233;
fears Burr's influence, 234;
not present at the nominating caucus, 235;
opposed to making Burr President, 254;
the vigor and capacity of his mind, 268;
compared with Gallatin, 268, 269.

Hamilton, Paul, Secretary of the Navy, his report on gun-boats, 353, 354;
his administration of the navy, 462, 467;
Gallatin's remarks on, 463;
his cruising orders, 465;
his resignation, 470.

Hamilton, Dr. Robert, his work on the British National Debt, 230.

Hanson, A. C., M.C. from Maryland, 457, 530.

Harper, R. G., M.C. from South Carolina, 154, 155, 156, 201, 202;
his qualities, 188;
chairman of Ways and Means, 188;
remarks on "the plot," 205, 207;
on the alien and sedition bills, 205, 207, 208;
on Gallatin's glass house, 216;
on the sinking fund and the debt, 218, 229, 230.

Harris, Levett, 514.

Harrisburg, conference at, 77-79.

Harrison, William H., Governor of the Indiana Territory, 404;
candidate for the Presidency, 653.

Harvard College appoints Gallatin instructor in French, 42.

Henry, John, his discoveries, 455.

Henry, John, Governor of Maryland, 224.

Henry, Patrick, his letter of introduction for Gallatin, 59, 60;
nominated minister to France, 228.

Hesse-Cassel, the Landgrave of, 7, 8, 9, 16;
letter to Mme. Gallatin-Vaudenet, 9.

Hispaniola, 109.

Hull, General, his surrender, 468, 469, 470.

Humboldt, Alexander von, 564, 565, 626;
Gallatin's description of, in 1804, 323;
his diplomatic assistance in 1814, 511;
his congratulations on the treaty of Ghent, 548;
influences Gallatin to write on Indian ethnography, 644.

Husbands, Herman, 133.

Huskisson, William, 414, 618, 625, 626.

Hutchinson, Dr., his character, 105;
death by yellow fever, 107.

Hyde de Neuville, French minister to the
United States, 573, 574, 575, 582, 583.

Impressments, 502, 506, 512-518, 540, 551, 570.

Indemnities. (See _France_.)

Indian ethnology, Gallatin's writings on, 644, 645, 652, 677.

Indian sovereignty at the Ghent negotiation, 521, 527.

Indians, disturb Monongalia County, 55, 62;
break up Gallatin's settlement, 62, 91, 112.

Ingersoll, C. J., his History of the War of 1812, 462, 514.

Ingersoll, Jared, 440.

Ingham, Samuel D., M.C. from Pennsylvania, 582, 592.

Internal improvements, 85, 86, 157;
the National Road, 167, 299, 350;
Mr. Jefferson's schemes for, 350;
Gallatin's schemes for, 350-352.

Invisibles, the, 427, 430.

Irvine, Gen. William, 96, 98.

Jackson, Andrew, 497, 562;
Gallatin's opinion of, 599;
his political removals from office, 632, 633, 634;
a dinner at the White House, 634;
his war on the U. S. Bank, 636, 639;
a pugnacious animal, 651.

Jackson, Francis James, British minister, 394, 396, 411, 412.

Jackson, John G., M.C. from Virginia, 341.

Jay, John, 65, 104, 186, 355, 485;
his treaty with England, 151, 155, 156, 214, 669;
speeches on, 155-157;
its merits, 158, 201;
its effects, 159, 178;
question arising on its execution, 160;
debate on, 160-166, 172.

Jefferson, Thomas, 25, 65, 86, 175, 187,
189, 202, 214, 228, 253, 394, 496, 513,
577, 633, 636;
his democratic principles, 159, 170;
defeated as candidate for the Presidency, 178;
his Mazzei letter, 198;
his conduct as Vice-President, 606;
on the political situation in 1798, 206;
and in 1799, 219, 220;
his election in 1800, 244;
contest in 1801, 244-262;
his alleged compromise with the Federalists, 247, 250;
elected President, 252, 262;
nominates Gallatin to the Treasury, 263;
characteristics of his Administration, 269, 270, 272;
his New Haven letter, 278, 280, 281;
on the interference of office-holders in politics, 279;
his ostracism of Burr, 288, 289, 290, 313;
his course regarding the navy, 291;
his alleged parsimony, 294;
his want of humor, 306;
his dry-docks, 306;
on balancing England and France, 310, 334, 356, 376;
his treatment of Duane, 311, 313, 330, 439, 443;
on the constitutional power to acquire territory, 321;
on the United States Bank, 308, 321, 322, 665;
re-elected President, 326;
his Spanish policy in 1805, 334, 335, 336, 337, 347;
his defence of Gallatin against Randolph, 342, 343;
on the dissensions of 1806, 344;
on a national university and internal improvements, 349, 350;
on gun-boats, 353;
his rejection of Monroe's treaty, 355;
his faith in commercial restrictions, 367, 368;
his abdication of power, 376, 377, 383;
his discouragement, 376, 379;
disastrous close of his Administration, 380, 390, 391;
Erskine's remarks on, 381;
on the defeat of the war-policy of 1809, 385, 386;
on Gallatin's proposed resignation, 407, 408;
on the dissensions of 1810, 418;
his alleged partiality to France, 418, 419;
his scheme of administration, 491, 492;
his views on Presidential candidates of 1822, 591, 593;
his mind impervious to argument on the extension of slavery, 671.

Johannot, 15.

Jones, Walter, M.C. from Virginia, 190, 222, 228.

Jones, William, Secretary of War, 471.

Judiciary bill, repeal of, 274, 301.

Kanawha River, 56, 61.

Kentucky, 56.

King, Rufus, 104, 484, 490, 612, 613;
his political theories, 272.

Kinloch, Francis, 15, 22, 24.

Kirkpatrick, Major, burning of his barn, 130, 133.

Lacock, Abner, 582, 588, 602, 603, 604, 605.

La Fayette, General, 643, 654;
his diplomatic assistance to Mr. Crawford, 511;
his interview with the Emperor Alexander, 512;
his position in 1817, 564;
entertained at Friendship Hill, 611, 612.

Lands, public, system of, 167, 297, 298.

Langdon, John, of New Hampshire, 222, 253, 265.

La Place, Pierre Simon, 564.

Law, Mrs. (Custis), 191, 194, 252, 303, 305.

Lawrence, Cornelius W., 658.

Lawrence, William Beach, 622, 628.

Lee, Henry, 249.

Leib, Michael, U. S. Senator from Pennsylvania,
313, 322, 328, 330, 388, 389, 400, 401, 414,
429, 459, 484, 490.

Lesdernier de Russin, friends of Gallatin and
Serre at Machias, 30, 31, 35, 36, 40.

Lincoln, Levi, Attorney-General, 265, 274, 298, 373;
his character, 276; story told of him, 277.

Livermore, Samuel, 112.

Liverpool, Lord, on the Emperor of Russia, 516;
obliged to check his commissioners at Ghent, 526;
accepts the Indian article, 535;
his embarrassment, 536, 537;
his appeal to the Duke of Wellington, 538;
accepts the _status quo ante_, 539;
his death, 626.

Livingston, Brockholst, 236.

Livingston, Edward, 154, 156, 162, 212, 228, 245, 246, 283, 284;
begins the debate on Jay's treaty, 160;
on the alien bill, 207, 219;
his defalcation, 290.

Livingston, Chancellor Robert R., his character, 239;
minister to Paris, 307.

Logan's Act, 215.

Louis XVIII., 563.

Louis Philippe, 650.

Louisiana, purchase of, 307, 310, 318;
incorporation of, 325, 673.

Lowndes, William, M.C. from South Carolina 445, 449, 473, 562;
Mr. Crawford's comments on, 581.

Lowrie, Walter, Senator from Pennsylvania, 582, 592;
advises Gallatin to withdraw, 602, 603.

Lyon, Matthew, M.C. from Vermont, 560;
his altercation with Roger Griswold, 191-195;
his imprisonment, 219;
his relations with Randolph, 325, 329.

Machias in 1780, 30, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37.

McClanachan, Blair, 77, 185, 188.

McKean, Thomas, Chief Justice of Pennsylvania, 84;
candidate for governor, 227;
governor, 249;
offered nomination for Vice-Presidency, 312;
declines, 312, 313;
his account of Pennsylvania politics, 313;
re-elected governor by Federalists, 330;
his mistakes, 331, 333, 442.

McLane, Louis, his instructions as minister to England, 618, 619.

Macon, Nathaniel, M.C. from North Carolina, 302, 473;
on the Chesapeake affair, 359, 362;
on the war policy of 1808, 384;
his navigation bill of 1809, 413, 414, 415, 416;
his Act of May 1, 1810, 416;
its effect, 419, 420, 421;
opposes the bank charter, 427;
refuses to go into caucus, 591, 595-597.

Madison, James, 79, 83, 86, 154, 155, 156, 166, 214, 219, 298, 300, 496, 636;
his speech on Jay's treaty, 155, 162, 163;
retires from Congress, 181;
his nullification resolves, 211, 212, 374;
appointed Secretary of State, 265;
his influence in the scheme of administration, 268, 269, 272;
John Randolph's attack upon, in 1806, 339, 340, 341, 342, 344, 345;
candidate for the Presidency, 346;
his pamphlet on the rule of 1756, 348;
elected President, 374;
urges Mr. Jefferson to fix a policy, 377, 378;
his views on the war policy, 384;
his character, 384, 399, 459;
attempts to make Gallatin Secretary of State, 388-391, 633;
unfortunate beginning of his Administration, 391, 392;
his message of 1809, 412;
his course towards France in 1810, 423, 424, 425, 461;
his course regarding the bank charter, 416, 427;
dismisses Robert Smith, 435;
appoints Monroe Secretary of State, 435;
his treatment of Duane, 443;
his attitude towards the war party, 445, 448, 455, 460;
his opinion of their measures, 449;
his share in causing the declaration, 456-459;
his supposed wish to lay up the frigates, 462-466;
reorganises his Cabinet, 468-470;
accepts Russian mediation, 477;
sends Gallatin to Russia, 477-479;
his dangerous illness, 484-488;
refuses to vacate the Treasury, 486, 487;
disaffection towards him in Washington, 529;
his dismissal of General Armstrong, 530;
offers the Treasury to Gallatin in 1816, 557.

Marbois, Barbé, 52.

Marshall, Humphrey, Senator from Kentucky, 185.

Marshall, James, 91;
his course at the Mingo Creek meeting, 128;
at the Parkinson's Ferry meeting, 131, 132.

Marshall, John, 213, 277;
his encouragement to Gallatin, 54;
his talent, 83;
his views on blending common law and equity, 81-83;
member of Congress, 154-156;
on the sedition law, 211;
on the case of Jonathan Robbins, 231, 232;
Chief Justice, 258.

Martineau, Harriet, her notes of Gallatin's conversation, 650, 651.

Massachusetts, account of, in 1780, 28, 29.

Masters, Josiah, M.C. from New York, 342, 343.

Mediterranean Fund. (See _Finances_.)

Mexico, war with, 672, 673, 676, 677;
Gallatin's pamphlet on, 677.

Mifflin, Thomas, Governor of Pennsylvania, 86, 223.

Mississippi, navigation of, at the Treaty of Ghent, 540-545;
in 1818, 570.

Mitchell, Stephen N., 112.

Mitchill, Samuel L., 237, 238.

Monongahela River, 55, 62, 63, 630, 646.

Monongalia County, 55, 58, 59, 62.

Monroe, James, minister to France, recalled by Washington, 178, 179, 186;
his account of his mission, 186;
dinner to, 187;
sent to France in 1802, 307;
negotiates treaty with England in 1808, 348, 355, 361, 616;
appointed Secretary of State, 435;
assumes duties of Secretary of War, 469, 470;
aspires to be "generalissimo," 471;
on Gallatin's rejection by the Senate, 484-486;
urges him to accept the French mission, 555;
elected President, 559;
his Cabinet, 559;
the Monroe doctrine, 614, 624.

Monroe, Mrs. James, 594.

Montgomery, John, M.C. from Maryland, Gallatin's brother-in-law, 101.

Moreau, General, 499, 501, 509.

Morgan, Col. Zach., 59.

Morris, Gouverneur, 111, 199, 254, 260.

Morris, Lewis R., M.C. from Vermont, 250, 254, 262.

Morris, Robert, 65, 66;
his land speculations, 53, 179;
buys lands of Gallatin, 121, 122, 152, 225;
on the eligibility to office of actual citizens in 1788, 120;
his bankruptcy, 209, 210.

Morton, Col. J., 235, 236.

Muhlenberg, F. A., 166.

Muhlenberg, Peter, 249.

Murray, William Vans, his nomination as
minister to France, 220, 221, 227, 228.

Napoleon I. (See _Bonaparte_.)

Navigation act;
Macon's bill, 413, 414, 415, 416;
in 1817, 569.

Navy, a subject of division, 157, 170-172;
economy in, 180, 217, 218, 229, 318, 319;
Mr. Jefferson's conservatism regarding, 291;
dry-docks, 306;
Gallatin's complaints of, 294, 354, 410;
Randolph's views on, 325, 330, 335;
Gallatin's views on, 157, 170, 171, 172, 180, 217, 218, 229, 334, 335, 386;
the navy coalition of 1809, 387, 388, 399, 400;
the alleged order to lay up the frigates in June, 1812, 462-466.

Nesselrode, Count, 497, 498, 504.

Netherlands, negotiation with the, 568.

Neville, General, inspector of excise, 124, 125.

New England, her attitude in the war of 1812, 507, 509, 546;
her people, 651.

New Geneva, 578, 579.

New York in 1783, 45, 68;
in 1795, 146;
city election of May, 1800, 232-241;
politics of, 288, 289.

Newbold, George, 658.

Nicholas, John, M.C. from Virginia, 154, 190, 193, 202, 212, 222, 253;
his speech on the sedition law, 219, 220.

Nicholas, Wilson Cary, Senator from Virginia,
154, 162, 253, 302, 387, 389, 401;
favors war in 1808, 376.

Nicholson, Hannah (Mrs. Albert Gallatin), 303, 404;
her family, 100;
description of her person and character, 99, 108, 109;
her dislike of the western country, 259, 275;
her death, 678.

Nicholson, Commodore James, his origin, 100;
his wife, 101, 647;
his naval battles, 100;
his brothers, 100;
his children, 101;
his political activity, 101;
quarrel with Hamilton, 108, 153, 154;
engages in the city election of May, 1800, 232, 233;
urges Burr for Vice-President, 241, 242;
interview with George Clinton, 242;
urges removals from office, 282, 290;
is appointed loan officer, 282, 303.

Nicholson, James W., Gallatin's brother-in-law, 481, 482, 598;
associated in partnership with Gallatin at New Geneva, 152.

Nicholson, John, Comptroller-General of Pennsylvania, his impeachment, 97.

Nicholson, Joseph Hopper, M.C. from Maryland,
101, 156, 262, 299, 302, 316, 337, 338,
339, 344, 439;
accepts seat on the bench, 344;
on the affair of the Chesapeake, 360;
attacks General Smith, 401;
on Gallatin's proposed resignation, 403, 406;
urges Gallatin to return to the Treasury, 558.

Nicholson, Maria, marries John Montgomery, 101;
her doubts of Burr's character, 244, 245.

Non-intercourse, 386, 396, 397, 406, 413.

Nullification in 1798, 211, 212, 374; in 1833, 642, 648, 656.

Ohio, Gallatin's expeditions down the, 54, 55, 61, 62.

O'Neal, Peggy, 634.

Orders in council of November 11, 1807, 364, 365 (see _England_);
regarding the colonial trade in 1826, 615-617.

Otis, Harrison Gray, a pupil of Gallatin's, 43;
M.C. from Massachusetts, 154, 155, 156, 192, 193, 202, 205;
on the sedition bill, 208.

Paine, Thomas, 101, 102, 187, 326.

Panama Congress, 612.

Parker, Jonah, M.C. from Virginia, 193, 202.

Parkinson's Ferry, meeting at, 130-135, 139.

Pauly, Louis, 60, 70, 71.

Pennsylvania (see _Western Insurrecton_), adopts the Federal
Constitution, 77;
its constitutional convention of 1789-90, 78-83;
its legislation, 1790-1795, 84, 85, 86;
report on its finances, 85;
its financial condition, 86;
its society in 1795, 146-147;
its politics, 281, 311, 326, 327, 328, 330, 331, 332;
Duane's schism, 290.

Perceval, Spencer, Attorney-General of England,
author of the orders in council, 365.

Perry, Commodore, 529.

Peters, Judge Richard, 148.

Philadelphia, 46, 46, 54, 90;
yellow fever in, 105, 106, 107;
gentlemen corps, 142, 143.

Pickering, Timothy, 95, 184, 188, 436, 467, 458.

Pictet, Catherine, adoptive mother of Albert
Gallatin, 10, 16, 19, 24, 38, 39,
42, 52, 74, 75, 94;
her death, 152, 153.

Pinckney, C. C., 223;
to be supported for the Presidency in
place of John Adams by the Federalists, 241.

Pinckney, Charles, 260.

Pinckney, Thomas, 178, 241.

Pinkney, William, sent minister to England in 1806, 348;
negotiates treaty, 355, 361;
Attorney-General, 395, 440.

Pitt, William, his sinking fund, 173, 174, 230, 296, 326.

Pittsburg, 54, 56, 61, 68;
meeting of August, 1792, 91, 92, 93, 123, 204;
seizure of its mail, 128; march through, 129;
occupied by the U. S. militia, 139.

Porter, Commodore, 529.

Posso di Borgo, 564, 565.

Pregny, 5, 6, 10, 16.

Providence in 1783, 44.

Quincy, Josiah, M.C. from Massachusetts,
his speech on the conduct
of the war, 470.

Randolph, John, 154, 156, 302, 314, 316, 389, 394, 459, 581;
causes repeal of internal taxes, 295;
moves resolutions regarding Louisiana, 308;
on Mr. Griswold's attack, 314, 315;
on politics in 1804, 324;
on a naval force, 325;
his attack on the Yazoo settlement, 328, 329;
on the management of the navy, 330, 335;
on politics in 1805, 331-333;
on Mr. Jefferson's retirement, 333;
his course regarding the purchase of Florida in 1805, 338-344;
against continuing the embargo, 384;
on Gallatin's resignation, 430, 431;
his temper and eccentricities, 598.

Redstone Old Fort, meeting at, 135-137.

Reed, Jacob, Senator from South Carolina, 185.

Richelieu, Duke de, French Minister of Foreign Affairs, 567.

Richmond, 1783-1789, 53, 54, 59, 61.

Robbins, Jonathan, case of, 231, 232.

Roberts, Jonathan, M.C. from Pennsylvania, 473, 588;
his reminiscences of the war, 476, 480.

Robinson, Frederick (Lord Goderich), 550, 552, 570, 571, 618;
Prime Minister, 626.

Rochefoucauld d'Enville, Duc de la, 24.

Rodgers, Commodore, 465, 466, 529.

Rodney, Cæsar A., Attorney-General, 366;
resigns, 440, 493.

Rogers, Richard, naval officer of the port of New York, 281, 282;
question of his retention in office, 282-289.

Rolas of Rolle, Alphonse, 10, 11, 21, 74.

Romanzoff, Count, Chancellor of the Russian Empire, 497;
anecdote of Napoleon I., 444; his policy, 498;
renews offer of mediation, 499, 503;
retires from office, 504.

Rose, George, British Minister, 364, 367, 394, 397.

Ross, James, U. S. Senator from Pennsylvania, 122, 185, 227.

Rush, Richard, minister to England, 569, 588.

Russell, Jonathan, rejected by Senate as minister to Sweden, 484;
sent to negotiate treaty of Ghent, 505;
his share in negotiation, 523, 541, 544;
his controversy with J. Q. Adams, 584.

Russia. (See _Alexander_.)

Rutherford, John, 112.

St. Lawrence, navigation of, 550, 551, 621, 625.

Savary de Valcoulon, 99, 643;
his business in America, 45;
assists Gallatin, 46, 55, 64;
enters with Gallatin into land speculations, 46, 53, 56, 59, 60, 61, 70;
his brick house at Richmond, 59;
attempts a settlement on the Ohio with Gallatin, 62;
returns with him to George's Creek and leases land, 62;
returns to Richmond, 63;
signs Gallatin's marriage bond, 71, 72;
his death, 560.

Schools. (See _Education_.)

Scott, Sir Walter, 578.

Sedgwick, Theodore, Senator and M.C. from Massachusetts, 173, 185.

Sedition law, 203, 204, 206, 207, 208, 209, 274.

Seney, Joshua, M.C. from Maryland, Gallatin's brother-in-law, 101.

Serre, Henri, schoolmate of Gallatin's, 15;
runs away with Gallatin from Geneva, 17;
his account of life at Machias, 34, 35, 40;
his character, 34, 39, 64;
his project of life, 40, 41;
goes to Jamaica, 46, 49, 56;
dies, 46, 66;
Gallatin's attachment to him, 50, 53, 55, 63.

Sewall, Judge Samuel, M.C. from Massachusetts, 154, 200;
the first man of his party, 188;
on the alien law, 205.

Sheldon, Daniel, secretary of legation and chargé d'affaires, 585, 586.

Shepherd, Abraham, on Mr. Madison's share in declaring war, 457, 458, 459.

Short, William, rejected as minister to Russia, 390.

Sidmouth, Lord, 364.

Sinking fund. (See _Finances_.)

Sitgreaves, Samuel, M.C. from Pennsylvania, 122, 156.

Slavery, abolition of, 86; evils of, 109, 259;
exclusion from the territory, 209, 406;
Gallatin's opinions on, 671, 673, 674.

Smilie, John, 91, 93, 125, 560.

Smith, Robert, appointed Secretary of the Navy, 276, 333, 335;
Gallatin's complaints of his administration, 294, 386, 410;
Randolph's complaints, 330;
on the embargo, 373;
appointed Secretary of State, 389, 390, 633;
his course in the Cabinet, 400, 415;
his purchases of exchange on Leghorn, 401, 404;
his despatches in July and November, 1810, 423;
his removal from office, 430, 431, 435, 436, 437, 439, 468.

Smith, Samuel, M.C. from Maryland, 253, 316, 490;
his account of the Lyon-Griswold affair, 191;
his intervention in the election of Mr. Jefferson, 247, 250, 251;
declines the Navy Department, 265, 276;
U. S. Senator, 400;
makes his brother Secretary of State, 389, 390;
his drafts on Leghorn, 400-403;
becomes hostile to Gallatin, 403;
opposes Macon's bill, 415;
opposes the bank charter, 417, 428, 429, 430;
opposes everything, 466;
takes command in Baltimore, 530;
resumes relations with Gallatin, 590.

Smith, William, M.C. from South Carolina
and minister to Portugal, 15, 154, 173, 184.

South Carolina, her acts in 1833, 648.

Spain, her conduct towards America in 1793, 104;
interdicts right of deposit, 307;
protests against the Louisiana purchase, 319;
her course in 1805, 334;
Mr. Jefferson's policy regarding, 334-338, 347;
his proposed purchase of Florida, 336;
her affairs, 513;
her course regarding the sale of Florida, 572.

Specie payments, suspension of. (See _Finances_.)

Specific appropriations, 157, 180, 299.

Spencer, John C., Secretary of the Treasury, 666, 667.

Stewart, Andrew, M.C. from Pennsylvania, 594, 606, 608.

Stewart, Commodore, 462, 463, 464, 466.

Stockton, Lucius H., nominated Secretary of War, 258.

Stoddart, Benjamin, Secretary of the Navy, 265, 277.

Stokeley, Thomas, 176.

Stone, David, Senator from North Carolina, 484.

Stuart, Gilbert, his portrait of Gallatin, 301.

Suffrage, universal, Gallatin's opinions on, 664, 655.

Swanwick, John, M.C. from Pennsylvania, 188.

Symmes, John Cleves, 182.

Tahon, keeper of a boarding-house in Boston, 26, 42.

Talleyrand, 227;
Gallatin's opinion of, 564.

Tariff in 1832, 640, 641, 642.

Taxation, local, 654.

Tayloe, Benjamin Ogle, 564.

Taylor, John, M.C. from South Carolina, 416.

Taylor of Caroline, John, 212.

Texas, annexation of, 672;
Gallatin's speech on, 672-675.

Thacher, George, M.C. from Massachusetts, his motion to exclude slavery
from the Southwestern Territory, 209.

Thomas, J. B., Senator from Illinois, 592.

Thomas, John Chew, M.C. from Maryland, 261, 262.

Thompson, John, his letters of Curtius, 212, 213, 214, 227.

Time-Piece, New York newspaper, 196.

Tom the Tinker, 149.

Tompkins, D. D., candidate for the Presidency, 559.

Tracy, Uriah, Senator from Connecticut, 185.

Treasury Department, its importance, 114, 167, 267;
its severe duties, 300, 558;
its early position towards the Executive and Legislature, 114;
annual report from, 114;
Gallatin's call for statement from, 115, 116, 118;
auditor's office burned, 258;
Gallatin named for Secretary, 258;
threatened collapse in 1812, 473, 474;
offered to Gallatin in 1816, 557, and in 1843, 666, 667.

Tripoli. (See _Algerine Powers_.)

Triumvirate, Jefferson, Madison,
Gallatin, 269, 274, 470, 471, 496, 589, 598, 599.

Troup, Col. R. M., 581.

Tyler, President, wishes Gallatin to take the Treasury, 666, 667.

University, national. (See _Education_.)

Van Buren, Martin, an efficient man, 593;
his scheme for nominating Mr. Clay as Vice-President, 602, 603, 605, 632;
his instructions to Mr. McLane, 618, 619;
his position in 1829, 632, 634;
his diplomacy, 667, 668.

Vigel, Philip, condemned to death for treason, 149, 150.

Villars, Duc de, 7.

Virginia, its hospitality, 54, 67.

Virginia, resolutions of 1798, 212, 374, 379.

Voltaire, letters and notes of, 3, 6, 7, 8;
by, 7, 16, 17.

War of 1812, 175;
causes of, 411, 448, 449, 455, 461;
declaration of, 456-459;
sending the frigates to sea, 465;
collapse of the administrative system, 467;
military disasters, 467, 468, 469;
condition of Washington, 529;
capture of Washington, 518, 529, 533;
danger of Baltimore, 529, 530;
defeat of Sir George Prevost at Plattsburg, 539;
suspension of specie payments, 553, 556, 561, 657.

Washington, meetings at, 129;
county of, 128, 129, 131, 141;
elects Gallatin to Congress, 140.

Washington, the Federal city, description of, in 1801, 252, 253, 255;
Gallatin's house in, 302;
its destruction, 529;
capture of, 528, 529;
society of, 594.

Washington, George, 194, 223, 267, 268, 310, 651;
his land speculations, 53;
his first meeting with Gallatin, 56-59;
his locations of land on the Ohio, 62;
his first Administration, 86, 104, 159;
his second Administration, 111, 162, 178;
his course in regard to the whiskey rebellion, 134, 138, 139;
in regard to Jay's treaty, 158, 163, 164;
his manners and temper, 182;
his death, 229.

Washington, Mrs., 182.

West India trade. (See _Colonial Trade_.)

Western insurrection, causes of, 88 (see _Excise_), 123, 124;
outbreak of, 124;
duration of, 125;
Mingo Creek meeting, 125;
seizure of the mails, 128;
rendezvous of the militia at Braddock's Field, 129, 130;
meeting at Parkinson's Ferry, 128, 130, 131-135;
at Redstone Old Fort, 136-137;
partial submission, 137, 138;
march of the militia, 138, 139, 141;
trials for treason, 147-150.

Wellesley, Marquess, successor to Mr. Canning, 411, 412.

Wellington, Duke of, 527, 540, 546.

Whiskey. (See _Excise_, and _Western Insurrection_.)

Wilkinson, Gen. James, 319, 485.

Willard, Joseph, President of Harvard College, 42, 43.

William IV., 650.

Wilson, James, 84, 441.

Wirt, William, 342, 439.

Wolcott, Oliver, Secretary of the Treasury, 182, 184, 202, 300.

Woolsey, William W., 235.

Worthington, Thomas, Senator from Ohio, 350, 457, 458, 459, 489.

X. Y. Z. despatches, 200.

Yazoo land claims, 298, 328, 329.

Yellow fever in 1793, 105, 106, 107, 108.

THE END.

FOOTNOTES:

[1] A more detailed account of the Gallatin genealogy will be found in the Appendix to vol. iii. of Gallatin's Writings, p. 598.

[2] Printed in Voltaire's Works, xii. 371 (ed. 1819.)

[3] Letter to Eben Dodge, 21st January, 1847. Writings, vol. ii. p. 638.

[4] Sparks's Franklin, viii. 454.

[5] Letter to John Connor, 9th January, 1846. Writings, vol. ii. p. 621.

[6] See Writings, vol. ii., p. 659.

[7] See map, p. 126.

[8] See below, p. 646.

[9] Writings, ii. 523.

[10] Cooper's Naval History, vol. i. p. 226.

[11] Dr. Hutchinson died on the 6th.

[12] See Hamilton's letter to the Senate of 6th February, 1794, State Papers, vii. 274.

[13] Endorsed by Mr. Gallatin in a later hand,--"complains of _unnecessary_ calls, alluding indirectly to certain resolutions, founded on my motion, calling for explanatory financial statements which were never furnished."

ALEXANDER HAMILTON TO THE UNITED STATES SENATE.

TREASURY DEPARTMENT, February 22, 1794.

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The Life of Albert GallatinChapter XXXII: Book V: Age. 1830-1849 (3)

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