Chapter I: Front Matter

THE LIFE OF

THOMAS, LORD COCHRANE,

TENTH EARL OF DUNDONALD, G.C.B., ADMIRAL OF THE RED, REAR-ADMIRAL OF THE FLEET, ETC., ETC.,

COMPLETING "THE AUTOBIOGRAPHY OF A SEAMAN."

BY

THOMAS, ELEVENTH EARL OF DUNDONALD,

AND

H. R. FOX BOURNE,

AUTHOR OF "ENGLISH SEAMEN UNDER THE TUDORS," ETC. ETC.

_IN TWO VOLUMES._

VOL. II.

LONDON: RICHARD BENTLEY, NEW BURLINGTON STREET, Publisher in Ordinary to Her Majesty. 1869.

CONTENTS OF THE SECOND VOLUME.

PAGE

CHAPTER XVII.

[1827.]

Lord Cochrane's Arrival in Greece.--His Account of Hydra and Poros.--The Congratulations offered to him.--Visits from Tombazes, Mavrocordatos, and Miaoulis.--Letters from the National Assembly and other Public Bodies and Leading Men.--The Divisions in Greece.--The French or Moreot, and English or Phanariot Factions.--Lord Cochrane's Relations with them.--The Visit of Kolokotrones and other Deputies from the National Assembly.--Lord Cochrane's Efforts to procure Unanimity.--Sir Richard Church.--Lord Cochrane's Commission as First Admiral.--The National Assembly at Troezene.--The Election of Capodistrias as President--Lord Cochrane's Oath-taking.--His Advice to the National Assembly and Proclamation to the Greeks 1

CHAPTER XVIII.

[1827.]

The Siege of Athens--The Defenders of the Acropolis.--The Efforts of Gordon and KaraÔskakes.--Lord Cochrane's Plan for Cutting off the Turkish Supplies.--The Arguments by which he was induced to proceed instead to the Phalerum.--His Arrival there.--His other Arrangements for Serving Greece.--His First Meeting with KaraÔskakes.--The Condition of the Greek Camp.--Lord Cochrane's Position.--His Efforts to give Immediate Relief to the Acropolis, and the Obstacles raised by the Greeks.--KaraÔskakes's Delays, and General Church's Difficulties.--The Convent of Saint Spiridion.--The Battle of Phalerum.--The Capture of Saint Spiridion.--The Massacre of the Turks, and its Consequences.--Lord Cochrane's renewed Efforts to Save the Acropolis.--The Death of KaraÔskakes.--The March to the Acropolis.--Its Failure through the Perversity of the Greeks.--The Battle of Athens.--The Fall of the Acropolis 31

CHAPTER XIX.

[1827.]

Lord Cochrane's Return to Poros.--His Attempts to Organise an Efficient Greek Navy.--The Want of Funds and the Apathy of the Greeks.--His Letter to the Psarians, and his Visits to Hydra and Spetzas.--His Cruise Round the Morea.--His First Engagement with the Turks.--The Disorganization of his Greek Sailors.--His Capture of a Vessel bearing the British Flag, laden with Greek Prisoners.--Seizure of Part of Reshid Pasha's Harem.--Ibrahim Pasha's Narrow Escape.--Lord Cochrane's Further Difficulties.--His Expedition to Alexandria.--Its Failure through the Cowardice of his Seamen.--His two Letters to the Pasha of Egypt.--His Return to Poros.--Further Efforts to Improve the Navy.--His Visit to Syra.--The Troubles of the Greek Government.--Lord Cochrane's Visit to Navarino.--His Defeat of a Turkish Squadron 77

CHAPTER XX.

[1827.]

The Action of Great Britain and Russia on Behalf of Hellenic Independence.--The Degradation of Greece.--Lord Cochrane's Renewed Efforts to Organise a Fleet.--Prince Paul Buonaparte, and his Death.--An Attempt to Assassinate Lord Cochrane.--His Intended Expedition to Western Greece.--Its Prevention by Sir Edward Codrington.--Lord Cochrane's Return to the Archipelago.--The Interference of Great Britain, France, and Russia.--The Causes of the Battle of Navarino.--The Battle 114

CHAPTER XXI.

[1827-1828.]

The First Consequences of the Interference of the Allied Powers and the Battle of Navarino.--Lord Cochrane's intended Share in Fabvier's Expedition to Chios.--Its Abandonment.--His Cruise among the Islands and about Navarino.--His Efforts to Repress Piracy.--His Return to the Archipelago.--The Misconduct of the Government.--Lord Cochrane's Complaints.--His Letters to the Representatives of the Allied Powers, acquitting Himself of Complicity in Greek Piracy.--His Further Complaints to the Government.--His Resolution to Visit England.--His Letter to Count Capodistrias Explaining and Justifying that Resolution.--His Departure from Greece, and Arrival at Portsmouth.--His Letter to M. Eynard 134

CHAPTER XXII.

[1828-1829.]

Lord Cochrane's Occupations on Behalf of Greece in London and Paris.--His Second Letter to Capodistrias.--His Defence of Himself with Reference to his Visit to Western Europe.--His Return to Greece.--Capodistrias's Presidency and the Progress of Greece.--Lord Cochrane's Reception by the Government.--The Settlement of his Accounts.--His Letter of Resignation.--The Final Indignities to which he was Subjected.--The Correspondence thereupon between Admiral Heyden and Dr. Gosse.--Lord Cochrane's Departure from Greece.--His Opinions Regarding her.--The Character and Issues of His Services to the Greeks 162

CHAPTER XXIII.

[1828-1832.]

A Recapitulation of Lord Cochrane's Naval Services.--His Efforts to obtain Restitution of the Rank taken from him after the Stock Exchange Trial.--His Petition to the Duke of Clarence.--Its Rejection by the Duke of Wellington's Cabinet.--Lord Cochrane's Occupations after the close of his Greek Service.--His Return to England.--His Memorial to William IV.--Its Tardy Consideration by Earl Grey's Cabinet.--Its Promoters and Opponents.--Lord Cochrane's Accession to the Peerage as Tenth Earl of Dundonald.--His Interview with the King.--The Countess of Dundonald's Efforts in Aid of her Husband's Memorial.--Their Ultimate Success.--The Earl of Dundonald's "Free Pardon," and Restoration to Naval Rank 197

CHAPTER XXIV.

[1833-1847.]

The Inventions and Discoveries of Lord Dundonald's Father.--His own Mechanical Contrivances.--His Lamps.--His Rotary Steam-Engine, his Screw-Propeller, his Condensing-Boiler, and his Lines of Ship-building.--Their Tardy Development.--His Correspondence upon Steam-Shipping with Sir James Graham, the Earl of Minto, the Earl of Haddington, and the Earl of Auckland.--The Progress of his Inventions.--The _Janus_.--The Beneficial Results of his Experiments 221

CHAPTER XXV.

[1833-1848.]

Lord Dundonald's Secret War-Plans.--His Correspondence concerning them with Lord Lansdowne, Lord Minto, Lord Haddington, and Lord Auckland.--His Letter to the "Times."--The Report of a Committee, consisting of Sir Thomas Hastings, Sir John Burgoyne, and Lieut.-Col. Colquhoun, upon the Secret War-Plans.--A French Project for Naval Warfare with England.--Lord Dundonald's Opinions Thereupon.--His Views on the Defence of England 246

CHAPTER XXVI.

[1839-1848.]

The Earl of Dundonald's Request for the Restoration of the Order of the Bath.--His Good Service Pension.--The Investigation of his Secret War-Plans.--His Pamphlet on Naval Affairs,--His Installation as a G.C.B.--His Candidature for Election as a Scotch Representative Peer.--The Queen's Permission to his Wearing the Brazilian Order of the "Cruziero."--His Appointment as Commander-in-Chief of the North American and West Indian Station 273

CHAPTER XXVII.

[1848.]

Lord Dundonald's Departure for North America.--Extracts from the Correspondence of Lord Auckland and others Respecting West Indian Affairs and European Politics.--Bermuda.--The French Revolution of 1848 and its Issues.--Ireland and the Chartists.--The Death of Lord Auckland 294

CHAPTER XXVIII.

[1848-1850.]

Lord Dundonald's Visit to the North American and West Indian Colonies, and his Opinions thereon.--Newfoundland and its Fisheries.--Labrador.--Bermuda; its Defences and its Geological Formation.--Barbadoes.--The Negroes.--Trinidad.--Its Pitch Lake.--The Depressed Condition of the West Indian Colonies.--Lord Dundonald's Suggestions for their Improvement 307

CHAPTER XXIX.

[1851-1853.]

Lord Dundonald's Return from America.--His Arguments for the Relief of the Newfoundland Fisheries and the West India Trade.--The Trinidad Bitumen.--Lord Dundonald's other Scientific Pursuits and Views 328

CHAPTER XXX.

[1851-1860.]

The Russian War.--Lord Dundonald's Proposals to Employ his Secret Plans against Cronstadt, Sebastopol, and other Strongholds.--His Correspondence thereupon with Sir James Graham and Lord Palmerston.--Their Rejection.--Lord Dundonald's Appointment as Rear-Admiral of the United Kingdom.--Prince Albert's Invitation to him to become an Elder Brother of the Trinity House.--His Correspondence with Lord Palmerston respecting the Restitution of his Half-Pay.--His Last Work.--His Death and Burial.--Conclusion 337

* * * * *

APPENDIX.

(Page 161.)--Captain Frank Abney Hastings's Letters to Lord Cochrane (1827) 370

THE LIFE

OF

THOMAS, TENTH EARL OF DUNDONALD.