Chapter II: Part 2

The _Cretan_ Lady having jumped out of Bed in a raving Fit, wandered on the foreign Shore of _Dia_. She had nothing on but a loose wrapping Gown, without Stockings or Cap: and her Hair hung dishevelled over her Shoulders. She complained of the Cruelty of _Theseus_ to the deep Waves, whilst an unworthy Shower of Tears ran down her Cheeks. She wept, and lamented aloud, and both became her; nor did her Tears diminish her Beauty. Once, and again, she beat her delicious Breasts with her Hands, and cried aloud, _The perfidious Man hath abandoned me; What will become of poor _Ariadne_? What will become of poor _Ariadne_?_ On a sudden a vast Multitude was heard, while many Kinds of strange Instruments, like those of the miserable Masons, accompanied the Voices. The poor Lady sunk with Fear; and suppressed her last Words; nor did the least Blood remain in her Countenance. And now behold the _Bacchanalian_ Women, with their Hair about their Ears, and the light Satyrs, who are always Forerunners of the God. Behold old Master _Silenus_[47] as drunk as a Piper, riding on an Ass, which he is hardly able either to sit or guide. The old Gentleman, endeavouring to follow the _Bacchanalians_, who fly from him and towards him, sets Spurs to his Ass, which being a vicious Beast, kicked up, and threw him over his Ears: upon which all the Satyrs set up a loud Shout, crying out, _Rise, Father, rise and be d----nd to you_. And now the God himself, high mounted on his Four-Wheel Chaise, the Top of which was adorned with Grapes, and which he drove himself, flung his Golden Reins over the Backs of his Pair of Tygers. Poor _Ariadne's_ Colour forsook her Cheeks, and _Theseus_ and her Voice at once deserted her Lips. Thrice she attempted to fly, and thrice being retained, she grew stiff with Fear, and stood trembling as Corn waves in the Field, or Reeds on the River Bank, when fanned by the Wind. To whom the God; _Behold, Madam, a more faithful Lover at your Feet: Fear nothing, Lady fair, you shall be the Wife of _Bacchus_. The Sky shall be your Dowry, where shining in a bright Constellation, by the Name of _Ariadne's_ Crown, you shall often direct the doubtful Mariner's Passage._ He said; and leaping from his Chariot, lest _Ariadne_ should be afraid of the Tygers, the Sand sunk under the Weight of his Feet; and catching her instantly in his Arms, he carried her, who was incapable of scratching, directly off; (for every Thing, we know, is in the Power of a Deity:) And now, whilst Part of his Train sing the _Hymenaeum_, and other cry _Evie Evoe_, two very mysterious Words, and full of Masonry, the God and his new-ravished Bride go together, between a Pair of sacred Sheets.

Whenever therefore you happen to be in Company with a pretty Girl over a Bottle, pray heartily to _Bacchus_, and invoke his nocturnal Rites, that the Wine may not get into your Head. You may now take an Opportunity to toast some Nymph by a fictitious Name, of whom you may say an hundred amorous Things; all which, with the least Assistance, she will readily apply to herself. Double Entendres likewise may be used. You may moreover draw certain Figures in Wine on the Table; and after having spoken of your Mistress in the third Person, you may take this Method of writing her Name, and convincing her, that she herself is the Goddess.

But let your gloating Eyes inform her of your Passion: for an expressive Countenance often finds both Words and Utterance.

When she drinks, receive the Cup from her; and let her see you industrious to find out the Place before pressed by her Lips; and then drink eagerly at the same.

And whatever Part of the Meat she shall touch with her Fingers, do not fail to give the Preference to that: if in catching at it, you touch her Hand into the Bargain, it is the better.

But above all Things, let it be your Endeavour to please her Keeper, if she have any: For to make a Friend of him will be very useful to you both.

When you are at Table, let him be always helped first, and to the most elegant Tid-Bit; and when you drink together, offer him always the Place of Toast-maker; whether he be your Inferiour or your Equal, let him always choose before you, and be not ashamed to trowel him well over with Flattery.

It is a safe and common Way to deceive under Pretence of Friendship; I must own, however safe and common it is, it is not altogether blameless.

This is indeed a Dishonesty not very unlike that of a Major Domo, who under the Colour of Friendship empties your Cellars of your Wine, by pushing the Bottle further than is necessary.

Now to fix a certain Stint to your Cups, I allow you never to drink till your Head becomes giddy, and your Feet begin to totter.

Beware of Quarrels, which are often occasioned by Wine. Let not your Hands be too ready to strike in your Cups.

Remember the old Story of the Wedding of _Pyrothous_[48] and many more where drunken Fools by being quarrelsome in their Liquor have come short home. A Drinking Bout is in Reality a properer Scene for Joke and Mirth, than for Fighting.

I proceed to other Lessons[49]. If you have a Voice, then sing; if you have handsome Legs, cut Capers, or slide into the Minuet Step. In short, endeavour to please your Mistress, by exerting those Talents in which Nature hath given you to excel.

Now, as real Drunkenness may be hurtful to you, so you may sometimes reap Advantages by pretending yourself in Liquor, by Stammering or Lisping a little slyly: For then if you should descend to some Expressions of the grosser Kind, it will be imputed to your having taken a Cup too much.

Drink Bumpers to the Health of your Mistress, and of the Gentleman with whom she is obliged to sleep; but I do not insist on your being extremely sincere on this Occasion: for you may heartily wish him hanged at the same Time, if you please.

When the Company rises to go away, there is always a Confusion in the Room, of which you may take Advantage. You may then creep close up to your Mistress, may perhaps palm her, and gently tread on her Toes.

Whenever you have an Opportunity of speaking to her privately, be not bashful like a Country Boobily Squire. Remember Fortune and Love both favour the Bold.

I do not intend to lay down any Rules for your Oratory on this Occasion. Do but begin boldly, and you will be Eloquent of course: Set this only before you, that you are to act the Part of a Lover, to talk of Wounds and Darts, and Dying and Despair, and all that, as Mr. _Bayes_ says: For if you can once make her believe you are in Love, your Business is done. To create therefore this Faith in her, you must employ every Art of which you are Master.

Nor is this indeed so difficult a Task: For every Woman believes herself to be the Object of Love; be she never so ugly, she is still amiable in her own Eye.

Sometimes indeed no Deceit is in the End put on the Woman, for her pretended Lover becomes often a real one, and is the very Creature which he before personated.

And by the Way, young Ladies, let me tell you this is no small Encouragement to you, to countenance such Pretences; for if you manage well, you may often inspire a Man with Love in Earnest, while he is endeavouring to impose a fictitious Passion upon you.

But to return to my Scholars. Flatter with all your Might: for the Mind is taken as it were by Stealth, by Flattery, even as the Bank which hangs over a River is undermined by the liquid Waves.

Never be weary therefore of commending her Face, or her Hair; her taper Arm, or her pretty little Foot.

The chastest Matrons are fond of hearing the Praises of their Beauty; and the purest Virgins make the Charms of their Persons at once their Business and their Pleasure.

What else is meant by that ancient Fable of _Juno_ and _Pallas_, whom the _Greek_ Poets represent as yet ashamed of the Conquest obtained by _Venus_.

This Vanity seems to extend itself to Animals, in many of which we may observe some Traces of it.

The peacock, if you seem to admire her, spreads forth her Golden Plumes, which she never displays to an indifferent Spectator.

The Race-Horse, while he is running for a Plate, enjoys the Beauties of his well-combed Mane, and gracefully turned Neck.

Secondly, to Flattery, add Promises, and those not timorous nor sneaking ones. If a Girl insists upon a Promise of Marriage, give it her, and bind it by many Oaths[D]; for no Indictment lies for this sort of Perjury.

The Antients vented horrid Impieties on this Occasion, and introduced _Jupiter_ shaking his Sides at the Perjuries of Lovers, and ordering the Winds to puff them away: Nay, he is said to have forsworn himself even by _Styx_ to _Juno_: and therefore, say they, he encourages Men to follow his Example.

[Note D: This is the most exceptionable Passage in the whole Work. We have endeavoured to soften it as much as possible; but even as it now stands, we cannot help expressing Detestation of this Sentiment, which appears shocking even in a Heathen Writer.]

But though a Christian must not talk in this Manner, yet I believe it may be one of those Sins which the Church of _Rome_ holds to be venial, or rather venal.

I would here by no Means be suspected of Infidelity or Profaneness. It is necessary there should be a God; and therefore we must believe there is; nay, we must worship him: For he doth not possess himself in that indolent State in which the Deities of _Epicurus_ are depictured. If we live innocent Lives, we may depend on the Care of his Providence.

Restore faithfully whatever is deposited in your Hands: Be just in all your Contracts: Avoid all Kind of Fraud, and be not polluted with Blood. A wise Man will be a Rogue only among the Girls: For in all other Articles a Gentleman will be ashamed of breaking his Word.

And what is this more than deceiving the Deceivers? The Sex are for the greatest Part Impostors; let them therefore fall in the Snares which they have spread for others.

Perhaps you have never read the Justice of _Busiris_; when Egypt was burnt up Nine Years together for want of Rain, one _Thrasius_ a Foreigner came to Court, and being introduced to the King by _Clementius Cotterelius_, he acquainted his Majesty, that _Jupiter_ was to be propitiated by the Blood of a Stranger. The King Answered him, _Then thou thyself shalt be the first Victim, and with thy foreign Blood shalt give Rain to Egypt_.

To the same Purpose is the Story of _Phalaris_, who roasted the Limbs of _Perillus_ in his own Bull: Thus making Proof of the Goodness of the Work by the Torments of the unhappy Maker.

Now there was great Justice in both these Examples; for nothing can be more equitable than that the Inventers of Cruelty should perish by their own Art.

To apply this to our present Purpose: As there is no Deceit or Perjury which Women will stick at putting in use against us, let them lament the Consequence of their own Examples.

Thirdly, Tears are of great Service. The Proverb tells you, _Tears will move Adamant_. If you can bring it about therefore, let your Mistress see your Cheeks a little blubbered upon Occasion.

If Tears should refuse to come (as they sometimes will) an Onion in your Handkerchief will be of great use.

Fourthly, Kisses. What Lover of any Sense doth not mix Kisses with his tender Expressions! Perhaps she will not give them easily: No Matter, take them without her Leave.

Perhaps she will scratch, and say you are rude: Notwithstanding her Scratches, she will be pleased with your getting the better.

Do this, however, in so gentle a Manner, that you may not hurt her tender Lips; nor let her complain of being scrubbed with your Beard.

Now when you have proceeded to Kisses, if you proceed no farther, you may well be called unworthy of what you have hitherto obtained. When you was at her Lips, how near was you to your Journey's End! If therefore you stop there, you rather deserve the Name of a bashful 'Squire than of a modest Man.

The Girls may call this perhaps Violence; but it is a Violence agreeable to them: For they are often desirous of being pleased against their Will: For a Woman taken without her Consent, notwithstanding her Frowns, is often well satisfied in her Heart, and your Impudence is taken as a Favour; whilst she who, when inclined to be ravished, hath retreated untouched, however she may affect to smile, is in reality out of Humour.

Ravishing is indeed out of Fashion in this Age; and therefore I am at a Loss for modern Examples; but antient Story abounds with them.

Miss[50] _Phoebe_ and her Sister were both ravished, and both were well pleased with the Men who ravished them.

Though the Story of _Deidamia_ was formerly in all the _Trojan_ News-Papers, yet my Reader may be pleased to see it better told.

_Venus_ had now kept her Word to _Paris_, and given him the Beauty she had promised, not as a Bribe, but as a Gratification for his having made an Award in her Favour, in the famous Cause between _Juno_ and others against _Venus_, in _Trover_ for a Golden Apple; which was referred to him at the Assizes at _Ida_.

_Paris_, every one knows, no sooner had received Mrs. _Helen_, than he immediately carried her off to his Father's Court.

Upon this the _Grecians_ entered into an Association; and several Noblemen raised Regiments at their own Expence, out of their Regard to the Public: For Cuckoldom was a public Cause, no one knowing whose Turn it would be next.

Lieutenant-General _Achilles_, who was to command a large Body of Grenadiers, which the _Greeks_ call _Myrmidons_, did not behave handsomely on that Occasion, though he got off afterwards at a Court-Martial by pleading, that his Mother (who had a great deal in her own Power) had insisted on his acting the Part he did; for, I am ashamed to say, he dressed himself in Women's Clothes, and hid himself at the House of one _Lycomedes_, a Man of good Fortune in those parts.

_Fie upon it, General, I am ashamed to see you sit quilting among the Girls; a Sword becomes your Hands much better than a Needle._

_What can you mean by that Work-Basket in a Hand by which Count _Hector_ is to fall? Do you carry that Basket with you to put his Head in?_

_For Shame then, cast away your Huswife, and all those effeminate Trinkets from a Fist able to wield _Harry_ the Fifth's Sword._

It happened, that at the same Time when the General, at the House of 'Squire _Lycomedes_, performed this Feat, Miss _Deidamia_, one of the Maids of Honour, was visiting at the same Place. This young Lady soon discovered that the General was a Man; for indeed he got her Maidenhead.

He ravished her, that is the Truth on't; that a Gentleman ought to believe, in Favour of the Lady: But he may believe the Lady was willing enough to be ravished at the same Time.

When the General threw away his Needle, and grasped the Armour, (you must remember the Story, for it was in the _Trojan Alamain_) the young Lady began to change her Note, and to hope he would not forsake her so.

_Ah! little _Mia_! is this the Violence you complained of? Is this the Ravisher you are afraid of? Why with that gentle Voice do you solicite the Author of your Dishonour to stay with you?_

To come at once to the Moral of my Story; as they are ashamed to make the first Advances, so they are ready to suffer whatever a pushing Man can do unto them.

As for those pretty Master-Misses, the _Adonis's_ of the Age, who confide in their own Charms, and desire to be courted by the Girls; believe me, they will stay long enough before they are asked the Question.

If you are a Man, make the first Overtures: Remember, it is the Man's Part to address the Fair; and it will be her's to be tenderly won.

Be bold then, and put the Question; she desires no more than to have the Question put; and sure you will not deny your own Wishes that Favour.

_Jupiter_ himself went a courting to the Heroines of old: For I never heard of any Girl who courted him.

But if you find Madam gives herself any immoderate Airs at your Proposal, it will then be good to recede a little from your Undertaking, and to affect to sheer off: For many of them, according to the Poet,

_Pursue what flies, and fly what doth pursue._

A short Absence will soon cure her Disdain.

It may be proper likewise to conceal your intentions a little at first, and make your first Advance under the Pretence of _Platonic_ Friendship.

I have known many a Prude taken under these false Colours; and the _Platonic_ Friend hath soon become a happy Lover.

And now as to your Complexion; for believe me, this is a Matter of some Consequence: Though I would not have you effeminate, yet I would have you delicate.

A fair Complexion in a Tar is scandalous, and looks more like a Borough Captain or one of those fresh-water Sailors, who have so much dishonoured our Navy. The Skin of a Seaman ought to be rough, and well battered with Winds and Waves.

Such likewise ought to be the Face of a Fox-hunter, who ought not to fear Rain or Easterly Winds: And the fame becomes the Soldier.

But let the Soldier of _Venus_ look fair and delicate; nay, if your Complexion inclines to Paleness, so much the better; for this will be imputed by every young Girl to Love.

Young _Orion_[51] with a pale Countenance wandered through the Groves, being sick with the Love of Lyrice: And the same Effect had the Love of _Nais_ upon the Countenance of _Daphnis_[52]; two Lovers very famous in Antiquity.

Leanness is another Token of a Lover; to obtain which, you need not take Physick; sitting up all Night; and writing Love-Letters, will bring this about.

Be sure to look as miserable as possible; so that every one who sees you, may cry, _There goes a Lover_.

And here shall I lament the Wickedness of Mankind, or only simply observe it to you? But in Reality all Friendship and Integrity are nothing more than Names.

Alas! It is dangerous to be too prodigal in the Praises of your Mistress, even to your Friend; for if he believes you, he becomes your Rival.

It is true there are some old Stories of faithful Friends: _Patroclus_ never made a Cuckold of _Achilles_; and _Phaedra's_ Chastity was never attempted by _Pirithous_.

_Pylades_ loved _Hermions_, who was his Friend's Wife; but it was with the pure Love of a Brother: And the same Fidelity did _Castor_ preserve towards his Twin-Brother _Pollux_.

But if you expect to find such Instances in these degenerate Days, you may as well have Faith enough to expect a Pine-Apple from a Pear-Tree, or to hope to fill your Bottle with _Burgundy_ from the River.

I am afraid we are grown so bad, that Iniquity itself gives a Relish to our Pleasures; and every Man is not only addicted to his Pleasures, but those are the sweeter, when season'd with another's Pain.

It is in short a terrible Case, that a Lover ought to fear his Friend more than his Enemy. Beware of the former, and you are safe.

Beware of your Cousin, and your Brother, and your dear and intimate Companions. These are the Sort of Gentry, from whom you are to apprehend most Danger.

Here I intended to have finished; but one Rule more suggests itself.

You are to note then, that there is a great Variety in the Tempers of Women; for a thousand different Women are to be wooed a thousand different Ways.

Mr. _Miller_ will tell you, that the same kind of Soil is not proper for all Fruits. One produces good Carrots, another Potatoes, and a third Turneps. Now there is as great a Variety of Disposition in the human Mind, as there are Forms in the World: For which Reason a Politician is capable of accommodating himself to innumerable Kinds of Tempers: Not _Proteus_ could indeed diversify himself more Ways than he can.

Nay you may learn this Lesson from every Fisherman; for some Fish are to be taken with one Bait, and some with another; others will scarce bite at any, but are however to be drawn out of the Water by a Net.

One good Caution under this Head, is to consider the Age of your Mistress: Old Birds are not taken with Chaff; and an old Hare will be sure to double.

Again, consider Circumstances. Do not frighten an ignorant Woman with Learning, nor a poor Country Girl with your fine Cloathes; for by these Means you will create in them too great an Awe of you. Many a Girl hath run away frighted from the Embraces of the Master, and afterwards fallen into the Clutches of his Footman.

And here we will now cast our Anchor, having finished the first Part of our intended Voyage.

_FINIS_

FOOTNOTES

[Footnote 1: Here _Ovid_ uses the Examples of _Automedon_, who was the Coachman of _Achilles_; and of _Tiphys_, who was Pilot or Steersman to the _Argonauts_.]

[Footnote 2: This is a literal Translation; by which it appears this barbarous Custom of whipping Boys on the Hands, till they look as if they had the Itch, was used by the _Roman_ Schoolmasters as well as by ours.]

[Footnote 3: The Original introduces _Achilles_, who was the pupil of _Chiron_.]

[Footnote 4: In the Original,--_held forth at his Master's Commands those Hands to be whipt, which_ Hector _was hereafter to feel_. The Indelicacy of which Image we have avoided applying to our _British_ Hero.]

[Footnote 5: _Both born of a Goddess._]

[Footnote 6: This is transferred, we hope not improperly from _Roman_ to _British_ Superstition. The _Latin_ alludes to Augury, and very justly ridicules the Folly of Divination by the Flight of Birds.]

[Footnote 7: _Nor were_ Clio _or her Sisters seen by me, while I tended a Flock in the Valleys of Ascra._ This _Ascra_ was a Valley near the _Helicon_, which was the Residence of the Parents of _Hesiod_. Now _Hesiod_ was fabled, whilst he was keeping his Father's Sheep, to have been led by the Muse to the Fountain _Hippocrene_; and being, I suppose, well ducked in that Water, commenced Poet.]

[Footnote 8: This whole Passage is a manifest Burlesque on the Invocations with which the Ancients began their Poems. Not very different is that Sneer at the Beginning of the _Metamorphosis_,

---- _Dii, caeptis_, (NAM VOS MUTASTIS ET ILLAS)
_Adspirate_ ----

But the strongest Piece of Burlesque of this kind is the Invocation to _Venus_ at the Beginning of _Lucretius_: For what can be more so than a solemn Application to a Deity for her Assistance in a Work, the professed Intention of which is to expose the Belief of any Deity at all; and more particularly of any Concern which such superior Beings might be supposed to take in the Affairs of Men. For my own part, I must confess, I cannot perceive _that graceful Air of Enthusiasm_ which a noble Author observes in the Invocation of the Antients; many of them indeed seem to have been too apparently in jest, to endeavour to impose on their Readers, and in reality to apply to the Muses with less Devotion than our modern Poets, many of whom perhaps believe as much in those Deities as in any other.]

[Footnote 9: _Ovid_ would here insinuate, that the Courtezans only were the Subjects of the ensuing Poem; and in his _Tristibus_ he cites these Lines, and pleads them in his Defence: But he is not over-honest in his Profession; for in many Parts it appears, that his Instructions are calculated for much more than _concessa furtia_.]

[Footnote 10: _Andromeda_ was the Daughter of _Cepheus_ King of _Aethiopia_ and of _Cassiope_. Her Mother having offended the _Nereids_, by contending with them for Superiority in Beauty, _Neptune_, at their Petition, sent a Sea-Monster, which greatly annoyed the _Aethiopians_. Upon this they consulted the Oracle of _Jupiter Ammon_, who ordered them to expose one of the Progeny of _Cepheus_ and _Cassiope_ to be devoured by the Monster. _Andromeda_ was accordingly ty'd to a Rock, where she was espied by _Perseus_, who killed the Monster, and rescued the Lady; for which he received her at the Hands of her Parents as his Reward. The Story is told in the 4th Book of the _Metamorphosis_.]

[Footnote 11: _Bunches of Grapes in _Methymna__; a City of _Lesbia_, the Wine of which Country was famous among the Ancients.]

[Footnote 12: _Ears of Corn in _Gargara__; which was in _Mysia_, a Province of the _Hellespont_.]

[Footnote 13: The Original is, _And the Mother of _AEneas_ resides in the City of her Son._ _AEneas_, from whom the Romans derived their Original, was the Son of _Venus_ by _Anchises_.]

[Footnote 14: The Original, rendered as literally as possible, is as follows: _Walk at your ease under the _Pompeian_ Shade, when the Sun enters the _Herculean_ Lion; or where the Mother hath added her Benefactions to those of her Son; a work rich in foreign Marble: Nor avoid that Portico adorned with ancient Pictures, which is called _Livia_, from the Name of its Founder: nor that adorned by the Statues of the _Belides_, who attempted the Lives of their unfortunate Cousins; and where you see the cruel Father standing with his drawn Sword: Nor pass by the Temple of _Venus_ and her lamented_ Adonis; _nor omit the Seventh-Day Festivals of the _Jews_; nor the _Egyptian_ Temples of the _Linnen-clad_ Heifer: She makes many Women to be that which she herself was to _Jupiter_._

To explain these several Particulars to an _English_ Reader, it must be known, that the Portico's in _Rome_ were the publick Walks; and here Persons of both Sexes used to assemble. Among these was one built by _Pompey_. The second Portico mentioned, is by the best Commentators understood of the _Octavian_, which was built by _Octavia_, Sister to _Augustus_, and Mother to _Marcellus_; and this adjoined to a Temple built by the same _Marcellus_. The third Portico was built by _Livia_ the Wife of _Augustus_, and called from her Name. The fourth, where the Picture of the _Belides_ was, is to be understood of the Portico of _Apollo Palatinus_, in which were the Statues of the fifty Daughters of _Danaus_ and Grandaughters of _Belus_. These being married to the fifty Sons of their Uncle _AEgyptus_, every one, by her Father's Command, slew her husband on the first Night, save only _Hypermnestra_. For this they were punished in the lower World, by being obliged to fill a Barrel full of Holes with Water. _Scaliger_ and others have here made a mistake, supposing the Picture of the _Belides_ was here hung up: But the contrary appears by many Authorities, particularly by this in _Qv. Trist. 3_.

_Signa peregrinis ubi sunt alterna columnis,
Belides, & stricto barbarus ense pater._

It appears that the Number of Pillars was equalled by the Number of Statues. 5thly, The Temple of _Venus_, in which she was worshipped, together with _Adonis_, after the _Assyrian_ manner. This _Adonis_ was the Son of _Cinyras_ King of _Cyprus_, begotten by him on his own Daughter _Myrrha_. The Fame of his Beauty, and the Passion which _Venus_ bore towards him, are well known. 6thly, The _Jewish_ Synagogues. The _Jews_ having been encouraged by _Julius Caesar_, were very numerous in _Rome_ at that time; and the Strangeness and Pomp of their Ceremonies inviting the Curiosity of the _Roman_ Ladies, their Synagogues became famous Places of Intrigue. 7. The Temple of _Isis_. This Goddess, when a Woman, was called _Io_. She was the Daughter of _Inachus_; and being beloved by _Jupiter_, was by him, to preserve her from his Wife's Jealousy, turned into a Heifer, _Juno_ suspecting the Fact, obtained this Heifer of her Husband, and set Argus to watch over her. _Jupiter_ wanting to visit his old Friend, sent _Mercury_ to kill _Argus_; in revenge of which, _Juno_ ordered a Gad-Bee to sting the poor Heifer; which thereupon growing mad, ran to _Egypt_, where she was again restored to the Shape of a Woman, and married to _Osiris_. The Feast of _Isis_ was celebrated in _Rome_ ten Days together by the Women, and was a time of Carnival among them.]

[Footnote 15: In _Caesar's Forum_, which was built on the _Appian_ Way, was the Temple of _Venus Genetrix_.]

[Footnote 16: Races were run at _Rome_ in _April_ in the _Circus Maximus_, which was likewise the Scene of many other public Exercises and Shews.]

[Footnote 17: _And when the Procession shall pass on with the Ivory Deities, do you applaud most the Statue of _Lady_ Venus._ Thus the Original. The Paraphrase preserves the same Sense, though in other Circumstances. These Statues were carried in Procession on many Occasions, particularly at the _Maegalesian_ Games.]

[Footnote 18: _Adjusting her cushion._]

[Footnote 19: _Putting a Foot-stool under her._]

[Footnote 20: The Original mentioned the Fights of the _Gladiators_. The Paraphrase comes as near as our Customs admit; for the _British_ Ladies never attend to see Men kill one another in jest.]

[Footnote 21: _Augustus Caesar_ among other rich Shews, with which he entertained the People, exhibited to them a Sea-Fight in a Place dug on purpose near the banks of the _Tyber_. The Poet takes this occasion of introducing many Compliments to the Grandson of this Prince. We have done little more than altered Names in this Place; and as we are assured all here said is as properly applicable to the noble Person to whom we have transferred it, the learned Reader will admire that any Passage in an antient Author can be so apposite to the present Times, and the true _English_ Reader will be no less delighted to see _Ovid_ introduced as singing forth the Praises of the _British Hero_.]

[Footnote 22: _Parthia._]

[Footnote 23: The _Crassi_.]

[Footnote 24: _Hercules._]

[Footnote 25: _Bacchus._]

[Footnote 26: The Original here described the many Nations who are led Captives.]

[Footnote 27: Here we have inverted the Original; but sure the Sense upholds us in so doing.]

[Footnote 28: _Baiae_, a Place not far from _Naples_, famous for wholesome as well as pleasant Baths. It is described very largely by _Diodorus_; and _Horace_ mentions it as the pleasantest Place in the World.]

[Footnote 29: In the Original, the Temple of _Diana_ in the Suburbs. It stood in a Grove not far from Rome. The next Line, _Partaque per gladios, &c._ alludes to a very singular Custom, by which the Priests of this Temple succeeded to each other, _viz._ by Conquest in single Combat, for which every Slave or Fugitive was admitted to contend, and the Victor was rewarded with the Priesthood. This Practice was renewed every Year, and was, as _Strabo_ informs us, originally taken from the _Scythians_.]

[Footnote 30: _Byblis_ fell in love with her Brother _Caunus_; and upon his rejecting her Addresses, hanged herself. The Poets feign she was afterwards turned into a Fountain. See _Metam._ IX.]

[Footnote 31: _Myrrha_ was the Daughter of _Cinyras_, who being in love with her Father, took an Opportunity, while her Mother was employed in the Sacrifices to _Ceres_, to supply her Place. Her Father discovering the Imposture, ran after her with a drawn Sword to kill her: But she escaped by means of the Night, and fled into _Sabeaea_. She was changed into the Myrrh-Tree. The Story of which is in _Metam._ X. But though the Poets have subjoined Fable to this Fact, it is related by _Pliny_ as a true History.]

[Footnote 32: _Pasiphae_ was the Daughter of the Sun, married to _Minos_ King of _Crete_. The Poets feign that being in love with a Bull, she employed _Daedalus_, a famous Artist, to make her a wooden Cow, into which she conveyed herself, in order to enjoy her monstrous Desires. From this unnatural Coition sprung the _Minotaur_, a Monster half Man and half Bull, which was enclosed in a Labyrinth, and afterward destroyed by _Theseus_.]

[Footnote 33: The Original alludes to the _Cretans_, who were famous among the Antients for the Vice of lying.]

[Footnote 34: _Europa_ was the Daughter of _Agenor_ King of _Cydon_, beloved by _Jupiter_, and by him run away with in the Shape of a Bull.]

[Footnote 35: _AErope_ was the Wife of _Atreus_. She committed Adultery with her Husband's Brother _Thyestes_, by whom she had two Sons, whom _Atreus_ caused to be killed, and served up to his Brother's Table. To avoid this Sight, the Sun is said to have gone backward.]

[Footnote 36: _Scylla_ the Daughter of _Nisus_, King of the _Megarensians_, fell in love with _Minos_, while he was besieging her Father's City. She stole away her Father's Hair, on which the Fate of the City depended, and carried it to _Minos_; for which Fact she was rewarded by her Lover with Contempt only. She is by some said to have been changed into a Lark: But _Ovid_, who here seems to confound two Stories together, makes her Transformation to have been into a Rock, which lies between _Sicily_ and _Italy_; where the dashing of the Waves against the Rock representing the Sound of the Barking of Dogs, gave rise to the Fable which is here hinted at.]

[Footnote 37: _Clytemnestra_, the Wife of _Agamemnon_, who in the absence of her Husband committed Adultery with _AEgysthus_, and with him afterwards murdered _Agamemnon_, at his Return from _Troy_.]

[Footnote 38: _Creusa_ was the Daughter of _Creon_ King of _Corinth_, and second Wife to _Jason_; to whom _Medea_, enraged with _Jason_, who had forsaken her, sent a Casket in which Wild-Fire was inclosed, and by which she was burnt as soon [as] it was opened. This _Medea_ afterwards, on account of the same Anger with _Jason_, tore to pieces her two Sons which she had bore to him.]

[Footnote 39: This _Phoenix_ having incensed his Father, by lying with a Woman who was beloved by the latter, fled to the Protection of _Peleus_ the Father of _Achilles_, and was by bim [_sic_] Preceptor of that young Hero.]

[Footnote 40: _Hippolytus_ being beloved by his Stepmother _Phaedra_, and refusing to gratify her Desires, was by her falsely accused to his Father _Theseus_; upon which account he was obliged to fly, and the Chariot Horses being frighted by Sea-Calves, dashed the Chariot to-pieces, and him also.]

[Footnote 41: _Phineus_ King of _Arcadia_, having repudiated his Wife _Cleopatra_, married _Harpalice_; by whose Instigation he put out the Eyes of his Sons: for which he was afterwards punished by Divine Vengeance with the Loss of his own.]

[Footnote 42: The _Romans_ paid a Religious Regard to their Birth-Day, as appears from many Passages in their Poets. At this time they used to receive Presents from their Relations and Acquaintance. We have here given the Sense of the Original, only varying the Customs (_Kalendae Martii_.) _Ovid_ advises the Lover to abstain from visiting his Mistress in the Kalends of _March_. At which time the _Matronalia_ were celebrated to _Juno Lucina_, and the Husbands used to pray to that Goddess to protect the Chastity of their Wives. _Horace_ likewise Lib. III. Ode 8. hints that this was not the proper Season for Batchelors to give a Loose to their Gaieties. (_Sive erit ornatus Circus_, &c.) A third Caution _Ovid_ gives, is not to visit on those Days when the Wealth of the _Roman_ Conquests were exposed to the _Circus_, in admiring which, as _Mycellus_ observes, the Girls were too much taken up, to attend to the Desires of their Lovers. To say the truth, some Custom seems to be alluded to here, which is not sufficiently preserved from the Ruins of Antiquity.]

[Footnote 43: _Then the _Pleiades_ are at hand. Then the Goat is merged in the Sea_, _viz._ in the Month of _October_ and _November_.]

[Footnote 44: The Original points at the Day in which the _Romans_ were overthrown by the _Gauls_ on the Banks of the River _Allia_. This was the 15th of the Kalends of _August. A. U. C._ 363, and it was marked as a black Day in their Kalendar. As this Nation is too happy to produce any such Day, we have been obliged to give it a different Turn in our Paraphrase.]

[Footnote 45: _Cydippe_ was a beautiful virgin of the island of _Delos_. She was celebrating the Rites of _Diana_ when she was seen by _Acontius_, who falling in love with her, and not daring openly to declare his Passion, contrived to drop an Apple at her Feet, in which were inclosed these two Lines:

_I swear to you by the mystical Rites of _Diana_,
That I will attend you as a Companion, and become your Bride._

_Cydippe_ took up the Apple and read the Lines; by repeating which words they became her own; and she was ignorantly betrothed to her Lover: For it was a Law, that whatever any persons said in _Diana_'s Temple, they were obliged to perform.]

[Footnote 46: _Ariadne_ was the Daughter of _Minos_ King of _Crete_. She fell in Love with _Theseus_, and with a Clew of Thread helped him out of the Labyrinth into which he went to kill the _Minotaur_. He afterwards basely deserted the poor Lady, of which our Poet will presently tell the Story.]

[Footnote 47: _Silenus_ was the Pedagogue of _Bacchus_, and his Foster-Father: He was likewise his Companion on all Occasions; and is often introduced in his drunken Mood by our Poet.]

[Footnote 48: At this Wedding _Eurytion_ the _Centaur_ getting drunk, attempted to ravish _Hippodamia_ the Bride of _Pyrithous_, but _Theseus_ knocked his Brains out with a Bowl. Upon this a Battle ensued between the _Centaurs_ and the _Lapithae_, who defending the Cause of their Prince _Pyrithous_, destroyed almost all the _Centaurs_. _Horace_ Lib. I. Ode 18. mentions this Story likewise, as a Caution to Men not to be quarrelsome in their Cups.]

[Footnote 49: Here and in many other Places, we have been obliged to supply that Connection, which is greatly wanting in the Original.]

[Footnote 50: _Phoebe_ and _Ilaira_ were two pretty Girls, the Daughters of _Leucippus_, and by their Father betrothed to two Brothers _Idas_ and _Lynceus_; but before the Celebration of their Nuptials, were ravished by _Castor_ and _Pollux_. This ended in the Death of _Castor_, by the Hands of _Lynceus_; and of _Lynceus_, by _Pollux_, whose Death while _Idas_ was attempting to revenge, he was struck dead by Thunder at the Feet of _Pollux_.]

[Footnote 51: _Orion_ the _Theban_ was in Love with _Merope_ the Daughter of _AEnopian_; but who this _Lyrice_ was, is not so plain, no Mention being made of her in any other Place.]

[Footnote 52: _Daphnis_ was the Son of _Mercury_; for his Love for this _Nais_, we have here _Ovid_'s Authority.]

PUBLICATIONS OF THE AUGUSTAN REPRINT SOCIETY

First Year (1946-47)

Numbers 1-6 out of print.

Second Year (1947-1948)

7. John Gay's _The Present State of Wit_ (1711); and a section on Wit from _The English Theophrastus_ (1702).

8. Rapin's _De Carmine Pastorali_, translated by Creech (1684).

9. T. Hanmer's (?) _Some Remarks on the Tragedy of Hamlet_ (1736).

10. Corbyn Morris' _Essay towards Fixing the True Standards of Wit, etc._ (1744).

11. Thomas Purney's _Discourse on the Pastoral_ (1717).

12. Essays on the Stage, selected, with an Introduction by Joseph Wood Krutch.

Third Year (1948-1949)

13. Sir John Falstaff (pseud.), _The Theatre_ (1720).

14. Edward Moore's _The Gamester_ (1753).

15. John Oldmixon's _Reflections on Dr. Swift's Letter to Harley_ (1712); and Arthur Mainwaring's _The British Academy_ (1712).

16. Nevil Payne's _Fatal Jealousy_ (1673).

17. Nicholas Rowe's _Some Account of the Life of Mr. William Shakespeare_ (1709).

18. "Of Genius," in _The Occasional Paper_, Vol. III, No. 10 (1719); and Aaron Hill's Preface to _The Creation_ (1720).

Fourth Year (1949-1950)

19. Susanna Centlivre's _The Busie Body_ (1709).

20. Lewis Theobold's _Preface to The Works of Shakespeare_ (1734).

21. Out of print.

22. Samuel Johnson's _The Vanity of Human Wishes_ (1749) and Two _Rambler_ papers (1750).

23. John Dryden's _His Majesties Declaration Defended_ (1681).

24. Out of print.

Fifth Year (1950-1951)

25. Thomas Baker's _The Fine Lady's Airs_ (1709).

26. Charles Macklin's _The Man of the World_ (1792).

27. Out of print.

28. John Evelyn's _An Apologie for the Royal Party_ (1659); and _A Panegyric to Charles the Second_ (1661).

29. Daniel Defoe's _A Vindication of the Press_ (1718).

30. Essays on Taste from John Gilbert Cooper's _Letters Concerning Taste_, 3rd edition (1757), & John Armstrong's _Miscellanies_ (1770).

Sixth Year (1951-1952)

31. Thomas Gray's _An Elegy Wrote in a Country Church Yard_ (1751); and _The Eton College Manuscript_.

32. Prefaces to Fiction; Georges de Scudery's Preface to _Ibrahim_ (1674), etc.

33. Henry Gally's _A Critical Essay_ on Characteristic-Writings (1725).

34. Thomas Tyers' _A Biographical Sketch of Dr. Samuel Johnson_ (1785).

35. James Boswell, Andrew Erskine, and George Dempster. _Critical Strictures on the New Tragedy of Elvira, Written by Mr. David Mallock_ (1763).

36. Joseph Harris's _The City Bride_ (1696).

Seventh Year (1952-1953)

37. Thomas Morrison's _A Pindarick Ode on Painting_ (1767).

38. John Phillips' _A Satyr Against Hypocrites_ (1655).

39. Thomas Warton's _A History of English Poetry_.

40. Edward Bysshe's _The Art of English Poetry_ (1708).

41. Bernard Mandeville's _A Letter to Dion_ (1732).

42. Prefaces to Four Seventeenth-Century Romances.

Eighth Year (1953-1954)

43. John Baillie's _An Essay on the Sublime_ (1747).

44. Mathias Casimire Sarbiewski's _The Odes of Casimire_, Translated by
G. Hils (1646).

45. John Robert Scott's _Dissertation on the Progress of the Fine Arts_.

46. Selections from Seventeenth Century Songbooks.

47. Contemporaries of the _Tatler_ and _Spectator_.

48. Samuel Richardson's Introduction to _Pamela_.

Ninth Year (1954-1955)

49. Two St. Cecilia's Day Sermons (1696-1697).

50. Hervey Aston's _A Sermon Before the Sons of the Clergy_, (1745).

51. Lewis Maidwell's _An Essay upon the Necessity and Excellency of
Education_ (1705).

52. Pappity Stampoy's _A Collection of Scotch Proverbs_ (1663).

53. Urian Oakes' _The Soveraign Efficacy of Divine Providence_ (1682)

54. Mary Davys' _Familiar Letters Betwixt a Gentleman and a Lady_ (1725).

Tenth Year (1955-1956)

55. Samuel Say's _An Essay on the Harmony, Variety, and Power of
Numbers_ (1745).

56. _Theologia Ruris, sive Schola & Scala Naturae_ (1686).

57. Out of print.

58. Eighteenth-Century Book Illustrations.

59. Samuel Johnson's _Notes to Shakespeare_. Vol. I, Comedies, Part I.

60. Samuel Johnson's _Notes to Shakespeare_. Vol. I, Comedies, Part II.

Eleventh Year (1956-1957)

61. Elizabeth Elstob's _An Apology for the Study of Northern
Antiquities_ (1715).

62. _Two Funeral Sermons_ (1635).

63. _Parodies of Ballad Criticism_ (1711-1787).

64. _Prefaces to Three Eighteenth-Century Novels_ (1708, 1751, 1797).

65. Samuel Johnson's _Notes to Shakespeare_. Vol. II, Histories, Part I.

66. Samuel Johnson's _Notes to Shakespeare_. Vol. II, Histories, Part II.

Twelfth Year (1957-1958)

67. Henry Fielding's _The Voyages of Mr. Job Vinegar_ (1740).

68. Elkanah Settle's _The Notorious Impostor_ (1692) and _Diego
Redivivus_ (1692).

69. _An Historical View of the ... Political Writers in Great
Britain_ (1740).

70. G.W., _Magazine_, or _Animadversions on the English Spelling_ (1703).

71. Samuel Johnson's _Notes to Shakespeare_. Vol. III, Tragedies, Part I.

72. Samuel Johnson's _Notes to Shakespeare_. Vol. III, Tragedies, Part II.

Thirteenth Year (1958-1959)

73. Samuel Johnson's _Notes to Shakespeare_. Vol. III, Tragedies, Part III.

74. _Seventeenth-Century Tales of the Supernatural_.

75. John Joyne, _A Journal_ (1679).

76. Andre Dacier, _Preface to Aristotle's Art of Poetry_ (1705).

77-78. David Hartley, _Various Conjectures on the Perception, Motion, and
Generation of Ideas_ (1746).

Fourteenth Year (1959-1960)

79. William Herbert, Third Earl of Pembroke's _Poems_ (1660).

80. [P. Whalley's] _An Essay on the Manner of Writing History_ (1746).

81. Two Burlesques of Lord Chesterfield's Letters _The Graces_ (1774). _The Fine Gentleman's Etiquette_ (1776).

82. Henry Fuseli's _Remarks on the Writings and Conduct of
J. J. Rousseau_ (1767).

83. _Sawney and Colley_ (1742) and other Pope Pamphlets.

84. Richard Savage's _An Author To Be Lett_ (1729).

Fifteenth Year (1960-1961)

85-86. _Essays on the Theatre from Eighteenth-Century Periodicals._
Selected, with an introduction, by John Loftis. [double issue]

87. Daniel Defoe, _Of Captain Misson and his Crew_ (1728). Introduction by
Maximillian E. Novak.

88. Samuel Butler, _Poems_. Selected, with an introduction, by
Alexander C. Spence.

89. Henry Fielding, _Ovid's Art of Love_ (1760). Introduction by
Claude E. Jones.

90. Henry Needier, _Works_ (1728). Selected, with an introduction, by
Marcia Allentuck.

* * * * *

William Andrews Clark Memorial Library: University of California

THE AUGUSTAN REPRINT SOCIETY

_General Editors_

R. C. BOYS
University of Michigan

RALPH COHEN
University of California, Los Angeles

VINTON A. DEARING
University of California, Los Angeles

LAWRENCE CLARK POWELL
Wm. Andrews Clark Memorial Library

_Corresponding Secretary:_ MRS. EDNA C. DAVIS, Wm. Andrews Clark Memorial
Library

The Society's purpose is to publish reprints (usually facsimile reproductions) of rare seventeenth and eighteenth century works. All income of the Society is devoted to defraying costs of publication and mailing.

Correspondence concerning subscriptions in the United States and Canada should be addressed to the William Andrews Clark Memorial Library, 2205 West Adams Boulevard, Los Angeles 18, California. Correspondence concerning editorial matters may be addressed to any of the general editors. The membership fee is $4.00 a year for subscribers in the United States and Canada and 15/- for subscribers in Great Britain and Europe. British and European subscribers should address B.H. Blackwell, Broad Street, Oxford, England.

Publications for the fifteenth year (1960-1961)

Six items, most of them from the following list, will be reprinted.

Samuel Butler, _Poems_. Selected, with an introduction, by Alexander C. Spence.

Daniel Defoe, _Of Captain Misson and his Crew_ (1728). Introduction by Maximillian E. Novak.

_Eighteenth-Century Illustrations to The Faerie Queene._ Introduction by Ralph Cohen.

_Essays on the Theatre from Eighteenth-Century Periodicals._ Selected, with an introduction, by John Loftis. [double issue]

Henry Fielding, _Ovid's Art of Love_ (1760). Introduction by Claude E. Jones.

Francis Hutcheson, _Reflections on Laughter_ (1729). Introduction by Scott Elledge.

Henry Needier, _Works_ (1728). Selected, with an introduction, by Marcia Allentuck.

* * * * *

THE AUGUSTAN REPRINT SOCIETY

_WILLIAM ANDREWS CLARK MEMORIAL LIBRARY_

2205 WEST ADAMS BOULEVARD, LOS ANGELES 18, CALIFORNIA

Make check or money order payable to THE REGENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA.