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Footnote 1:

A bronze tablet has been placed to commemorate the encounter—since
this paper was written—in John Street at the corner of William.

Footnote 2:

This has reference to a difficulty which seems to have existed in
getting the New England troops, at this stage of the war, to realize
the necessity for special cleanliness about their quarters.

Footnote 3:

Winooski is the modern spelling.

Footnote 4:

Wisconsin State Agricultural Society _Transactions_, i. p. 125.

Footnote 5:

“At every step they dig a round hole in which they sow nine or ten
grains of maize which they have first carefully selected and soaked
for some days in water.”—Carr, _Indian Mounds of the Mississippi
Valley_, p. 15.

Footnote 6:

“In the fall of 1814 the late Col. Dickson was stopped here [Lake
Winnebago] by the ice and compelled to remain during the Winter. * * *
He cleared the land, now cultivated by the Indians.”—Journal of Mrs.
James D. Doty, in _Wis. Hist. Colls._ x, p. 114.

Footnote 7:

_Wis. Hist. Colls._, x, p. 75.

Footnote 8:

_Travels in North America_, p. 37.

Footnote 9:

_Ibid._, p. 521.

Footnote 10:

See Coues, _Pike’s Expeditions_ (N. Y., 1895), pp. 294–303; also brief
mention in the Reedsburg _Free Press_, July 23, 1874.

Footnote 11:

G. W. Featherstonhaugh, _Canoe Voyage up the Minnay Sotor_, p. 350.

Footnote 12:

In Chas. W. Burkett, _History of Ohio Agriculture_, (Concord, 1900),
the point is made that the Indians unconsciously practiced a careful
system of selection by taking the best and earliest corn each year for
seed. This seems reasonable, but Professor Burkett does not give his
authority for the statement.

Footnote 13:

Worden, _United States_, ii, p. 539.

Footnote 14:

Coues, _Pike’s Expeditions_, p. 532.

Footnote 15:

Thwaites, _Jesuit Relations_ (Cleveland, 1896–1901), liv, p. 223.

Footnote 16:

_Wis. Hist. Colls._, xii, p. 139.

Footnote 17:

Many incidental references to the sorry plight of the Wisconsin
Indians in times when game was scarce may be found in the _Wis. Hist.
Colls._, especially in the Grignon and Dickson papers, xi, pp.
271–315.

Footnote 18:

_Jesuit Relations_, liv, pp. 205, 207.

Footnote 19:

_Wis. Hist. Colls._, xii, pp. 134, 135.

Footnote 20:

Smith, _Wisconsin_, iii, pp. 189–195.

Footnote 21:

Lapham, _Wisconsin_, p. 116. Although Lapham was a scientist he does
not venture to give the botanical name of this plant, which was
evidently a puzzle to him.

Footnote 22:

_Autobiography of Ma-ka-tai-me-she-kia-kiak, or Black Hawk_ (St.
Louis, 1882), pp. 57, 58.

Footnote 23:

_Wis. Hist. Colls._, x, p. 220.

Footnote 24:

Tanner, _View of the Valley of the Mississippi or the Emigrant’s and
Traveller’s Guide to the West_ (Philadelphia, 1834).

Footnote 25:

In a letter to Brehm, Governor Sinclair speaks of sending a sloop
through the lake region in the fall of 1779 to collect all the grain
and other provisions available, to be used in the campaign against St.
Louis the following spring. In others of the Haldimand papers are
direct statements to the effect that the provisions for the St. Louis
expedition were to be gathered principally from the Indians along
Wisconsin River, where corn was said to be abundant, and as a matter
of fact this plan appears to have been carried out.—_Wis. Hist.
Colls._, xi, pp. 141–184.

Footnote 26:

Gibbs, _Memoirs of the Administrations of Washington and Adams_ (New
York, 1846), i, p. 76.

Footnote 27:

Schoolcraft, _Personal Memoirs_ (Philadelphia, 1851), p. 196.

Footnote 28:

Keating, _History of Long’s Expedition_ (Philadelphia, 1824), i, pp.
325, 326.

Footnote 29:

Greenhow, _History of Oregon_ (Boston, 1845), pp. 142, 144.

Footnote 30:

There have been many obscure statements concerning the date of the
obliteration of Fort George. The act authorizing its removal was
passed March 16, 1700, and Mrs. Lamb and others are in error in giving
an earlier date.

Footnote 31:

In the original manuscript draft, the words “at the order” are crossed
out and “by desire” written above them. The words “N. York” in the
same line are also crossed out.

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TRANSCRIBER’S NOTES

Page Changed from Changed to

82 these shores alone. One November these shores alone. One November
day, 1896, two of left day, 1896, two of us left
Plattsburgh Plattsburgh

90 became its first representative became its first representative
in the General Assembly of the in the General Assembly of the
State in 1846 was re-elected in State in 1846 and was re-elected
1848 in 1848

110 a table of references may by a table of references made by
Orrando Orrando

● Typos fixed; non-standard spelling and dialect retained. ● Used numbers for footnotes, placing them all at the end of the last chapter. ● Enclosed italics font in _underscores_. ● Enclosed bold or blackletter font in =equals=. ● The caret (^) serves as a superscript indicator, applicable to individual characters (like 2^d) and even entire phrases (like 1^{st}).