Chapter XXVIII: Appendix: K

REPORT BY COLONEL BARROW ON THE ARAB HORSES RIDDEN BY THE
NINETEENTH HUSSARS DURING THE NILE CAMPAIGN OF 1885.

_Description of Horse._

Arab stallion. Average height, 14 hands; average age, 8 years to 9 years; some 15 per cent. over 12 years; bought by Egyptian Government in Syria and Lower Egypt; average price, 18_l._

_Work done previous to Campaign._

Some 50 per cent. had been through the campaign in the Eastern Soudan with the 19th Hussars in February and March 1884, and returned in a very exhausted state, and about 10 per cent. had been at Tel-el-Kebir.

In June 1884 the whole number were taken by Lieutenant-Colonel Taylor, with the Egyptian Cavalry, from Cairo to Assouan in barges, and remained there for two months.

In September 1884 they were marched by Major Grenfell from Assouan to Wady Halfa, 210 miles, and there awaited the arrival of the 19th Hussars. 350 of these ponies were handed over to the 19th Hussars on 13th November 1884, all except some 10 per cent., being in a very fair marching condition.

_The March up the Nile._

The 19th Hussars marched by squadrons from Wady Halfa to Korti, distance 360 miles. Average daily march about 16 miles, not including halts.

Halts were made for one day at Absarat, one day at Dongola, and two days at Shabadood when crossing the river.

The ration was supposed to be 8 lb. of grain, barley or dhourra, and 10 lb. of dhourra stalk; but owing to scarcity of grain, the horses generally received about 6 lb. of grain and 10 lb. of dhourra stalks.

They arrived at Korti in very good condition.

_Halt at Korti._

The horses remained at Korti from 20th December to 7th January, and received 8 lb. green dhourra stalk daily instead of dry stalk. They improved during the halt at Korti.

On the 30th December 40 horses proceeded to Jakdul, 100 miles, and performed the reconnaissance duties of the column. The march to Jakdul was performed in 63 hours, 15 hours’ rest there, and the return journey in 63 hours. Six horses returned the 100 miles in 46 hours; the last 50 miles in 7½ hours.

During the 141 hours of this march the horses were ridden for 83 hours.

_Desert March._

From the 8th to the 19th of January, the 19th Hussars, strength as below, marched across the desert with General Sir H. Stewart’s Column:--

Officers 8
Men 127
Horses 155

In addition, therefore, to one extra horse for each Officer, there were 12 spare horses.

The following table will show the daily work performed and amount of food and water given daily to each horse.

The 40 horses referred to in previous paragraph returned to Korti on the 5th, and started again on the 8th, as fit as any horses in the troop.

There was not one casualty out of the 40:--

+---------+----------------------+-----+----+----------+--------+------+
| | | No. of | When | Amount | Food |
| Date. | Time of March. |Hours. | Watered. | of |Grain.|
| | | Miles.| | Water.| |
|---------+----------------------+-----+----+----------+--------+------+
| | | | | | | lb. |
|Janry.8th| 2p.m. to 6p.m. | 4 | 16 | ... ... | ... | 6 |
| | | | | | | |
| ” 9th | 2.45a.m. to 10a.m. | 7¼ | 29 | 10.30a.m.| 1½ gal.| 6 |
| | 2p.m. to 6p.m. | 4 | 16 | 6.15p.m.| ½ ” | |
| | | | | | | |
| ” 10th | 3a.m. to 9am. | 6 | 24 | ... ... | ... | 6 |
| |12.15p.m. to 4.30p.m. | 4½ | 17 | 4.45p.m.| ¼ gal.| |
| | | | | | | |
| ” 11th | 3.30a.m. to 12.30p.m.| 9 | 36 | 12.45p.m.|F’ldr’nk| 6 |
| | | | | | | |
| ” 12th | ... ... ... | ... | ...| 9a.m. | ” | 6 |
| |12.30p.m. to 4.30p.m. | 4 | 16 | 4.45p.m.| ” | |
| | | | | | | |
| ” 13th | Halt at Gakdul | ... | ...| 8.30a.m.,| ” | 6 |
| | | | | 4.45p.m.| | |
| | | | | | | |
| ” 14th | ... ... ... | ... | ...| 6a.m., | ” | 6 |
| | | | | 1p.m. | | |
| | 2.30p.m. to 6.30p.m. | 4 | ...| ... ... | ... | |
| | | | | | | |
| ” 15th | 5a.m to 10a.m. | 5 | 20 | 10.30a.m.| 1¼ gal.| 5 |
| | 1.30p.m. to 6p.m. | 4½ | 18 | ... ... | ... | |
| | | | | | | |
| ” 16th | 4.30a.m. to 4p.m. | 11½ | 40 | 6p.m. | ½ gal.| 4 |
| | | | | | | |
| ” 17th | 8a.m. to 4p.m. | 8 | 32 | 4p.m. | 2 gal.| 4 |
| | | | | | | |
| ” 18th | ... ... ... | ... | ...| 7a.m. | 1 gal.| 3 |
| | 4p.m. to 12p.m. | 8 | 32 | ... ... | ... | ... |
| | | | | | | |
| ” 19th | 12p.m. to 9a.m. | 9 | 36 | ... ... | ... | 1 |
| | 9a.m. to 12 noon | 21 | ...| ... ... | ... | ... |
| | | | | | | |
| ” 20th | 12 noon to 1p.m. | 13 | ...| ... ... | ... | ... |
| | ... ... ... | 1 | 4 | 2p.m. |F’ldr’nk| ... |
+---------+----------------------+-----+----+----------+--------+------+

It will be seen from the above table, that the average forage ration for the first 10 days was about 5 lb. to 6 lb. of grain, and 2 gallons of water, the horses performing 31 miles daily, not counting one day’s halt.

When the final advance was made on Matammeh, the horses marched to the Nile without having received a drop of water for 55 hours, and only 1 lb. of grain. Some 15 to 20 horses received no water for 70 hours.

_The Halt at Gubat._

During the period, 20th January to 14th February, the horses received no grain, but were fed on dhourra stalk, or green dhourra stalk, about 8 lb. daily; two days before marching they received 6 lb. of grain.

They performed outpost and patrol duty, averaging some 8 miles daily. Under the above conditions the horses recovered from the effort made during the desert march, but many were in a weak state.

_Return to Korti and Dongola._

The first 75 miles, the horses performed the whole distance on 4 lb. of grain and 3 gallons of water, the remainder of the journey water was plentiful, and the 8 lb. of grain was supplied. Two marches of over 40 miles were performed, which shows that the horses were still able to march. After two weeks’ rest at Korti, the horses marched strong and well to Dongola and other stations, receiving plenty of food and water, and after two months’ halt they were in quite as good condition as when they left Wady Haifa.

_The Return March--Dongola to Wady Haifa._

On the return march to Wady Haifa the distance, some 250 miles, was performed at the average rate of some 16 miles a day, with one halt for two days.

The marching was done mostly at night, but the horses were generally exposed to a hot sun all day, as there was not much shelter for them under the palm trees.

Except two fractures from kicks, no horses were lost or left on the line of march.

The horses were conveyed from Wady Haifa to Assouan in barges, and after two weeks’ rest at Assouan were handed over to the 20th Hussars in quite as good order as when they left Wady Haifa nine months previously.

The attached statement gives a list of casualties.

I think it may be considered a most remarkable circumstance, that out of 350 horses during nine months on a hard campaign, only 12 died from disease.

This result must be attributed to the two facts:--

1. That the climate of the Soudan is most suitable for horses.

2. That the Syrian horse has a wonderful constitution, and is
admirably suited for warfare in an eastern climate.

_Conclusion._

The distance actually marched from point to point, not taking any account of reconnaissances, &c., was over 1500 miles.

The weight carried was reduced to the minimum, but averaged about 14 stone. The weather during the last four months of the campaign was trying. Food was often very limited, and during the desert march water very scarce. Under the above conditions, I venture to think that the performances of the regiment on the Arab ponies, will compare with the performance of any horsemen on record.

* * * * *

_Casualty Return of Arab ponies, 19th (Princess of Wales’ Own)
Hussars, 13th November 1884 to 1st July 1885._

SUMMARY.

Killed in action 20
Destroyed 37
Drowned 1
Missing 1
Died 12
--
Total 71
===

DISEASE.

Bullet wounds 23
Exhaustion 31
Fractures 7
Paralysis 1
Enteritis 1
Farcy 1
Purpura hæmorrhagica 1
Rupture of intestine 1
Rupture of stomach 1
Saddle gall 1
Colic spasmodic 1
Missing 1
Drowned 1
--
Total 71
===

_Casualty Return of Arab Ponies, 19th (Princess of Wales’ Own)
Hussars, from 13th November 1884, to 1st July 1885, showing the
period during which the horses died._

+----------------------+----------+------------+-------------+--------+
| Period. |Number of |Destroyed or|Destroyed or | Killed |
| | horses | died from | died from | in |
| |effective.|debility and|other causes.| action.|
| | | exhaustion.| | |
+----------------------+----------+------------+-------------+--------+
| | | | | |
|Wady Haifa to Korti, | 350 | ... | 5 | ... |
| 13th November to | | | | |
| 8th January | | | | |
| | | | | |
|Korti to Matammeh and | 155 | 19 | 5 | 20 |
| back, 8th January | | | | |
| to 8th March | | | | |
| | | | | |
|At Korti, 8th January | 73 | ... | 2 | ... |
| to 8th March | | | | |
| | | | | |
|With River Column, | 107 | 3 | 1 | ... |
| 1st January to | | | | |
| 8th March | | | | |
| | | | | |
|Korti, Dongola, and | 347 | 5 | 9 | ... |
| other Stations, | | | | |
| 9th March to | | | | |
| 20th June | | | | |
| | | | | |
|Dongola, Assouan, | 380 | ... | 2 | ... |
| 21st June to | | | | |
| 1st July 1885 | | | | |
| +----------+------------+-------------+--------+
| Total deaths | ... | 27 | 24 | 20 |
+----------------------+----------+------------+-------------+--------+

_A few practical lessons learnt._

1. When water was limited to two gallons or less it was given in small quantities, not all at once. Even one pint to the horses, or just enough to moisten their mouths, enabled them to come up to time again. On one occasion, late at night, the horses were much exhausted--we were 35 miles from water, and less than one pint left per horse--the horses could not eat, their mouths were so parched. I had a sack of dhourra meal, and with the water made a number of moist balls of meal. These balls revived the horses, and they marched on their 35 miles next morning. I obtained this hint, previous to the campaign, from General V. Baker, who told me that the Turkomans used to carry in skins balls of grease, or oil and meal.

2. The horses were saved on every possible occasion, and by every possible device. The men never sat on their horses’ backs for a moment longer than necessary. Marches in column were avoided, extended line being used, so that each horse had pure air to breathe; when picketed, horses always had plenty of room and their heads to the breeze; when possible, they were washed two or three times a week, which tended much towards their healthy condition.

3. Several horses were severely wounded, but recovered rapidly, although in a very exhausted condition.

4. The horses were fed, whenever possible, on the grass of the Bayuda Desert. This grass was very dry. The horses chewed it, but ate very little. During the last few days of the march to Matammeh, there was no opportunity for giving the horses any grass.

On several occasions, tins of mouldy biscuit, unfit for issue to the men, were obtained from the Commissariat, and the biscuit given to the horses.

They ate this greedily and worked on it.

P. H. S. BARROW,
_Lieut.-Colonel, 19th Hussars_.

CAIRO, _1st August 1885_.

INDEX

Abercromby, Gen., 68, 80, 90, 94

Aboukir, 235

Abu Dom, 260

Abu Hamed, 256, 259

Abu Klea, action at, 249-251, 255

Abu Krou, 253

Abu Kussi, 260

Adams, Major Gen., 46

Affleck, Major, 70

Agra, 134, 135, 227

Ahmednugger, 132, 133, 134;
captured, 136

Aix-la-Chapelle, Treaty of, 1

Ajunta Pass, 137, 138, 148, 149

Akola, 149

Aldborough, 11

Aldershot, 229, 266

Alexandria, 234

Allahabad, 133, 134, 222, 227

Alyghur, 132, 134

Amboor, 82

Ameer Khan, 115

America, War in, 10, 19

Amherstberg, 176, 179

Ancaster, 180, 209

Anstey, Robert, 28

Apthorp, Capt., 261

Arabi Pasha, 233;
his rebellion, 233;
number of men, 235;
surrenders, 238

Arcot, 52, 124

Argaum, 135, 149;
battle of, 150-152

Arikera, 88;
battle of, 89

Armstrong, J. W., 229

Armstrong, Major William, 231

Army, increase of the, 3, 11;
size of letters, 111

Arnee, 31, 72, 78, 80;
battle of, 23;
mutiny at, 51

Arrekeery, 124

Arthur, Lieut. Sir G., 232

Assaye, battle of, 131, 135, 138-144, 154;
village, 137, 140

Asseerghur, 135, 149

Assiout, 263

Assouan, 263

_Assyrian Monarch_, 234, 236

Athy, 158

Aurungabad, 137, 148, 149

Austria, coalition with France, 2

Avaracoorchi, 69

Aylmer, Lieut., 234

Badajoz, 173

Badges, 113, 156, 217, 246, 264, 266

Baillie, Colonel, 20

Baird, Major Gen. Sir David, 58, 108

Baker, Fort, 241

Baker, Major Gen., 240, 241

Balasore, 133, 135

Baltimore, 214

Bangalore, 82, 94, 107, 266;
captured, 87

Barabuttee, 135

Baramahal, 78

Barclay, Lieut., 238

Baring, Capt. R., 226

Baroda, 126, 133

Barrington, 27;
Sir Jonah, 158;
Mr, 158

Barrow, Major Gen. Lousada, 264

Barrow, Lieut. Col., 241, 242, 243, 247, 249, 253, 254, 319;
death, 264, 309

Barrow, Cornet S. D., 226

Bassein, Treaty of, 129

Bateman, Private Jonas, 30

Bayly, Lieut., 70

_Beatson’s Mysore War_, extract from, 110, _note_

Beaver Dam, 182

Beccles, 15

Beckwith, Lieut. John, 24, 28

Bednore, 36, 115

Begum Somroo, 148

Belbeis, 238

Belfast, 231

Belleisle, siege of, 64

Benares, 133, 227

Benedict, 213

Bengal, 1st European Light Cavalry, formation of, 222;
services transferred to the Crown, 223;
the “White Mutiny,” 224;
at Cawnpore, 225;
designated 19th Light Dragoons, 225;
19th Hussars, 226

Berber, 246

Bhagelcottah, 120

Bhonslay, Rajah of Berar, 126, 130, 148;
encamped at Argaum, 149;
defeated, 152;
sues for peace, 153

Bhowani river, 69

Bickerton, Vice-Adm. Sir R., 29, 36

Biddulph, Lieut. J., 226

Birti, 257

Bisshopp, Lieut. Col., 183

Bissolee Pass, 124

Black Rock, Fort, 183;
occupied, 186

Bladensberg, 213

Blagrove, Lieut., 232

Blairfindie, 217

Boerstler, Col., 182

Bokerdun, 137

Bombay, 30, 227, 266

Boscawen, 4

Boseley, Private, 243

Boulderson, Cornet J., 226

Bourquien, 135

Bowser, Lieut. Col., 118

Bowyer, Fort, 215

Boyd, 104, _note_;
Gen., 190, 191

Boyle, Capt., 144

Brackenbury, Col. H., 259

Braddock, his expedition to New England, 2

Brady, Sergeant, 162, 167

Brandywine, 64

Brathwaite, Col., 31, 100

Brest, blockade of, 4

Bridgenorth, 14

Brighton, 228

British troops, position of on the Niagara frontier, 195

Broach, 134

Brock, Major Gen., 176, 177;
death, 178

Bromley, 15

Brook, Col., 214

Brooke, Capt., 203

Brooks, Major J. H., 226

Broughton, Lieut. Col., 133

Brown, Gen, 190, 197, 208;
Geo., 8

Bruce, Major Gen., 41, 46, 49

Brunswick, Prince Ferdinand of, 4

Buchanan, Private, 85

Budnapore, 137

Buffalo, 179;
taken, 186

Bulger, Lieut., 195

Buller, Major Gen. Sir Redvers, 255, 256

Bullum, Rajah of, 123

Bundelcund, 132, 134

Bungay, 15

Bunker’s Hill, 64

Burgoyne, Col. Sir John, in command of the 23rd Regiment of
Light Dragoons, 23, 24, 29;
Orders and Instructions, 25-27;
on the treatment of his regiment, 42;
Commander-in-Chiefship conferred, 43;
refuses to accept, 44;
difficulties of his position, 45-48;
interview with Lord Macartney, 49;
assumes command, 50;
arrest, 51;
court-martial, 54;
acquitted, 56;
his death, 57

Burhanpore, 131, 135, 148

Burlington Heights, 181, 184, 196

Bury St Edmunds, 31

Buswapore, 121

Cabul, 102

Cairo, 238

Calicut, 80

Calpee, 135

Calvert, Harry, 113, 156, 217

Cambay, Bay of, 125

Campbell, Major Gen. Alan, 46, 51

Campbell, Sir Archibald, inspection of the 19th Light Dragoons, 64

Campbell, Capt. Lieut. John, 24, 28

Campbell, Lieut. Col, 133

Canara, 124

Caniembadi, 88, 90

Cannanore, 107

Capper, Lieut. Col., 120

Capsah, 135

Cathcart, Capt., 144

Cauveripatam, 78

Cauvery river, 79, 88, 95, 97, 109

Cawnpore, 133, 227

_Ceres_, 29

Chambly, 215

Champaneer, 135

Champlain Lake, 178, 188, 195

Chandler, Gen., 182

Changama Pass, 72, 82

Chapman, Lieut. A. H., 226

Charlotte, Queen, her funeral, 218

Chateaugay river, 188;
battle, 188

Chatham, 11

Chazy, 211

Cherbourg, 4

Cheyloor, 123

Chicago, 194

Child, Lieut., W. G., 24, 28;
Capt., 73, 84, 98

Chinroypatam, 123

Chippewa, 197;
battle of, 198

Chitteldroog, 117

Chrystler’s Farm, 184;
battle of, 190

Chumbul, 127

Chunar, 133

Ciudad Rodrigo, 173

Clair, St, Lake, 209

Clarke, Capt. M., 226

Clonmel, 172

Coates, Major, 163

Cockburn, Vice-Adm., 213

Coghill, Lieut. Col., K. J. W., 231, 234, 236

Coimbatore, 68, 69, 74, 77, 93

Colle, La, 195

Combe, Col. Boyce, 265

Combermere, Lord, 102

Conaghul, 122

Conflans, 4

Conjeveram, 59, 68

Connaught, Duke of, 235

Coorg, 124;
Rajah of, 110

Coote, Sir Eyre, his victory at Porto Novo, 20;
on the want of cavalry, 22;
forced to resign, 31, 39;
his death, 36, 41;
treatment by the Madras Government, 41

Cornwallis, Lord, 21, 79;
capitulates, 20;
assumes command of the army, 81;
his advance on Bangalore, 82;
improvement in the order of march, 82;
captures Bangalore, 87;
attack on Seringapatam, 96;
takes possession of French territories, 100

Cotapilli, 87

Cotton, Lieut. Col. Stapleton, 101

Couch, G., 226

Coveripoorum Pass, 111

Covington, Gen., 191

Cowdelghee, 120

Cowgatchy, 34

Cox Heath, 11

Crabbe, Lieut., 232

Cradock, Lieut. Gen. Sir J., 160

Craigie, Capt. H. C., 226

Craven, Lieut., 253

Crawford, Lieut. G. H., 24, 28

Crespigny, Lieut. de, 232

Croydon, 15

Cuddalore, 31;
attack on, 36;
siege of, 41

_Culloden_, 166

Cumberland, Duke of, evacuates Hanover, 3

Currie, H. O., 226

Cuttack, 132, 135

_Cygnet_, 174

Dalling, Lieut. Gen. Sir J., Commander-in-chief in Madras, 54

Damodar River, 133

Darapooram, 69, 72, 78

Darley, Major, 73

Dartmoor, 229

Datchet, 218

David’s, St, village, burnt, 200

De Boigne, 127

Dearborn, Gen., 178, 181

Deare, Major Gen., 133

Delaware, 195

Delhi, 126;
battle of, 135

Demiacotta, 69, 76

Deodroog, 121, 122

Deogam, 153

Deogheri, 118

Desert Column, 249

Detroit, Fort, 178;
frontier, 175

Devis, A. W., 98

Deyrah Dhoon, 167

Dharwar, 80, 90, 115

Dhoondia, Punt Gokla, 116, 118

Dhoondia Wao, 115;
head quarters, 116;
adherents, 117;
defeated and killed, 122

Dindigal, 71, 72

Dirom, extract from, 97

Dobbs, Capt., 207

Dodd, Capt. Thomas Crewe, 28

Domingo, St, 159

Dongola, 270, 263

Dover, village of, burnt, 196

Dowlut Rao Scindia, 127

Downie, Capt., 212

Dragoons, Light, 19th Regiment of, 5;
notification to raise, 5;
Royal Warrant, 6-8;
change of number, 9;
uniform, 9, 12;
formation, 12;
strength, 12;
clothing accounts, 12;
quartered at various places, 14;
disbanded, 15

Dragoons, Light, 23rd, formation of, 23;
appointments, 24;
despatched to India, 27;
strength, 28, 65, 100, 104, 171, 210, 219;
list of the officers, 28;
embark, 29;
at Madras, 30, 32, 92;
appearance, 33;
casualties among the horses, 52;
review, 59;
at Shevtamodoo, 59, 99;
change of number, 62;
uniform, 62-64;
under orders, 67;
casualties, 76, 86, 90, 144, 152, 205;
remounted, 92;
return to Trichinopoly, 100, 112;
badges granted, 113, 155, 216;
expedition against Dhoondia Wao, 117;
at Cheyloor, 123;
the battle of Assaye, 142;
conspicuous gallantry, 146;
honorary colours granted, 147;
battle of Argaum, 150;
march against banditti, 154;
encamped at Panwell, 155;
return to England, 168, 171, 218;
approbation of their services, 169-171;
in Ireland, 172, 218;
ordered to Canada, 173;
equipped as lancers, 218;
disbanded, 219

Drogheda, Earl of, 5

Drummond, Lieut. Gen., 185, 195;
his attack on Oswego, 196;
at Toronto, 200;
Lundy’s Lane, 201-205;
wounded, 205;
blockade of Fort Erie, 206-208

Drummond, Lieut. Col., 207

Dublin, 172

Dudrenec, 132

Dufferin, Lady, 238

Dummul, 119

Earle, Major Gen. W., 248, 256;
death, 258

East India Company, condition of the European forces, 20;
want of cavalry, 21;
jealousy of the King’s Officers, 37;
raises European cavalry regiments, 221;
cease to exist, 223

Egypt, Khedive of, deposed, 233

El Kooa, 257

El Magfar, 235

El Teb, battle of, 241-244

Ellice, Capt. H. E., 226

Ellichpore, 152

Elliott, Sir John, 60

Ellore, 53

Emsdorf, battle of, 60

England, condition of, in 1779, 10;
in 1781, 19

Epsom, 15

Eratoor, 95

Erie, Fort, 177, 179, 186, 197;
evacuated, 181;
assault on, 206-208;
Lake, 175, 177;
naval action on, 180

Erode, 71, 72, 77

Es Salihiyeh, 237

_Euphrates_, 266

Europe, state of affairs in 1756, 1;
peace in, 36

Eustace, Capt., 207, 208, 209

Ewell, 15

Eyre, Thomas, 28

Fairbrother, Capt. C. M. S., 226

Fairlie, Lieut. C. H., 226

Fancourt, Col., 161

Fatt, Sergeant James, 244

Fawcett, Lieut. Gen., 18

Fenton, Sergeant, 243

Fenwick, Col., 133

Ferguson, Lieut. Col., 133

Finglass, Capt., 104, _note_

Fitzgibbon, Lieut., 182

Fitz-Patrick, R., 17

Floyd, Lieut. Col. John, 24, 28, 29, 46, 49, 94, 98, 100, 106;
his birth, 60;
commission in the 15th Light Dragoons, 60;
appointed Major of the 21st and Lieut. Col. of the 23rd, 61;
his advance on Coimbatore, 69;
takes the Fort of Satyamunglum, 71;
retreat, 74;
reaches Velladi, 76;
casualties, 76;
reconnoissance, 84;
wounded, 85;
on the attack at Seringapatam, 96;
charge at Mallavelly, 108;
sails for England, 114;
appointed Colonel of the 26th Light Dragoons, 114;
death, 114

Forbes, Lieut. Col., 163

Fortnam, Cornet John, 90

Forty-mile Creek, 182

Four Mile Creek, 183

France, coalition with Austria, 2;
declares war against England, 10, 99

Freeman, Capt., 242

Fremantle, Major Gen., 261

French, Major, 250, 255, 256

French Mills, 191

Frenchtown, 179

Fullarton, Col., 36, 82

Fullerton, Cornet John, 24

Gaekwar of Baroda, 126

Gaines, Gen., 207

Ganjam, 133, 134

Gardner, Private Joseph, 30

Gawilghur, 135, 148, 149, 152

_Geelong_, 265

George II., his death, 9

George IV., his review of the regiments, 218

George, Fort, 33, 177, 179, 183, 197, 199;
evacuated, 181;
re-occupied, 185

Ghent, Treaty of Peace signed at, 215

Ghuffoor Khan, 115

Gibbs, Major Gen., 215

Gibraltar, siege of, 19

Gillespie, Lieut. Col. R. R., 157;
his career, 158;
treatment of the Vellore mutiny, 163-166;
death, 167

Gladwin, Lieut., 183

Godavery, 133, 137, 154

Gokauk, 120

Gordon, Col., 42, 186, 240, 246

Gough, Capt. H. H., 226

Gowdie, Major, 84, 86

Graham, Major Gen., 236, 240, 244, 245, 261, 308

Grand River, 210

Grant, Lieut. Alex., 146

Grant, Major Gen. Sir Hope, 222

_Grant Duff’s History of the Mahrattas_, extracts from, 142, 146

Grenadier Island, 188, 189

Guadaloupe captured, 4

Gubat, 254;
evacuated, 255

Gudduck, 119

Guiche, Comte de, 29

Guidons, 231, 232

Gunjicotta, 92

Guns, galloper, 105

Gurramconda, 94

Gutpurba river, 120

Guzerat, 133, 134

Guzulhutti Pass, 68, 70, 71, 72

Gwalior, 136, 152, 153

Hale, Cornet, 98

Halesworth, 15

Hall, Gen., 186

Hall, Lieut. Gen. John, 227, 228

Hamdab, 256

Hamdoob, 261

Hamley, Lieut. Gen. Sir E., 236

Hampton, Gen, 188

Handcock, Major, 195

Hanford-Flood, Major, 243, 256

Hanoor, 120

Hanover, 3

Harcourt, Lieut. Col., 133, 135

Harding, Cornet F. D., 226

Haren, Major du, 182

Hari Punt, 81, 91, 94

Harris, Gen., 89, 106, 107, 109;
on the Cavalry Division, 112;
raised to the peerage, 113

Harrison, Gen., 179

Hartley, Col., 68, 72, 78, 80

Harvey, Col., 182

Hasheem, 261, 262

Hassan, 124

Hastings, Warren, 37, 40

Havre, 4

Hawke, blockades Brest, 4;
destroys a French fleet, 4

Hearsey, Lieut. A., 226

Hebbeh, 259

Helena, St, 171

Helouan, 238

Hessing, 129

Hicks, Major Gen., 240

Hill, Capt. Sir J., 226

Hilton, Robert, 28

Hinde, Lieut. T. J. V., 24, 28

Holkar, 126, 128;
hostilities against Scindia, 129;
alliance, 130

Holland, Lieut., 232, 237

Holland, declaration of war in 1781, 14

Honorary Colours for Assaye, 147, 231

Hoobli, 120

Hooli, 120

Hooliadroog, 92, 95

Hoonagoonda, 121

Horsefall, John, 28

Horsham, 15

Horton, Lieut., 197, 199

Horwood, Sergeant, 255

Hounslow, 218, 230, 265, 266

Howe, Lord, 4;
Lieut. Gen. the Hon. Sir W., 156;
appointed Colonel of the 19th Light Dragoons, 64;
his death, 216

Huella, 259

Hughes, 31

Hull, Gen., 176

Hunmunsagur, 121

Hunter, Major Edgar, 157

Huron, Lake, 175, 179

Hurrianah, 115

Hurryhur, 117, 131

Hussars, 19th, 226;
ordered to England, 227, 232, 265;
badges granted, 229, 246, 264, 266;
in Ireland, 230;
restoration of guidons, 231;
ordered to Egypt, 232;
to Suakin, 240;
casualties, 243, 245, 304, 306, 310;
return to Cairo, 246;
ordered up the Nile, 247;
designation of “Princess of Wales’ Own” conferred, 264;
ordered to India, 266;
honours granted, 305, 307, 311

Hutchinson, Major Gen. Coote Synge, 266

Huth, Cornet F. H., 226

Hyder Ali, of Mysore, 20, 31;
death, 35

Hyderabad, 65, 102;
dispersal of the French contingent, 103

India, results of the campaign of 1781, 20;
condition of the European troops, 20;
want of cavalry, 21;
state of affairs in, 31;
relations between civil and military, 37

Indore, 126, 129

_Iona_, 265

Ireland, 230

Ismailia, 235

Izard, Gen., 209

Jackson, Gen., 215

Jaffirabad, 137

Jaffrey, John, 28

Jakdul, 249, 255

Jalasore, 133

Jalgaum, 137

_Jane, Duchess of Gordon_, 171

Jaulna, 137, 154

Jellahal, 120

Jenkins, Capt., 243;
Lieut. Col. C. V., 226

Jenkinson, C., 11, 14, 24

Jervoise, Lieut. C. C., 226

Johnston, Lieut. Gen. James, 12, 18

Jowrah, State of, 115

Juah river, 138, 141

Juggernaut, 135

Jumna, 127

_Jumna_, 227

Kaitna River, 138

Kalunga, 167

Kandeish, 129

Karoor, 69, 72, 78

Kassassin, 236

Keane, Major Gen., 215

Kelly, Col., 68, 72

Kemp, Private Simon, 30

Kennedy, Lieut. Col., 157, 164;
Capt., 109

Khanagheri, 121

Khartoum, 240;
expedition to relieve, 247;
captured by the Mahdi, 254;
preparations for the advance on abandoned, 263

Kingston, 175, 179, 181, 184

Kirbekan, 257;
victory at, 258

Kistna river, 66, 120

Kistnapah Naik, 123

Kittoor, 118

Kloster-Severn, convention of, 3

Kolapore, Rajah of, 126, 128

Kolar, 94

Koondgul, 119

Kopaul, 81

Kordofan, 239

Korosko, 263

Korti, 248, 249, 253, 255, 256

Kurot, 260

La Prairie, 178, 215, 217

La Terriere, Lieut., 232

Lagos, Bay of, 4

Lahore, 104

Lake, Gen., 133, 134, 135

Lang, Lieut. Col., appointed Commander-in-Chief, 44;
withdrawn from the service, 57

Laswaree, 135

Lawrence, St, 175, 187, 191

Lawrence, Sir John, 227

Leeds, 230

Leger, St, Lieut. Col. the Hon. Arthur, 151

Legge, H. B., 8

Leigh, Lieut. Hon. R., 232

Lewiston captured, 186, 201

Lexden Heath, 12

Lima, Quarter Master A. G., 252, 263

Lisle, Capt., 175, 183, 184, 186;
Major, 196, 199, 201, 209

Lister’s Corps, 12

Little, Capt., 91

Longford, 172

Long Island, 64

Long Point, 196, 197

Long Sault, 190

Louisbourg, expedition against, 3, 4

Lowe, Major Gen., 236

Luard, Capt. F. P., 226

Ludlow, 14

Lundy’s Lane, 201;
battle of, 202-205

_Lundy’s Lane Hist. Society_, extracts from, 185, 195, 198, _notes_

Lunkia Naik, 101

Macartney, Lord, 32, _note_, 36;
Governor of Madras, 39;
character, 47;
his treatment of Sir J. Burgoyne, 48;
interview with him, 49;
resigns his post, 54;
sails for England, 54;
duels, 55

Macdonell, 187, 189

Mackenzie, Lieut. Col., 47, 158;
Cornet Roderick, 85, 90

Mackinaw, island of, 176, 178, 194

Macomb, Gen., 211

Macpherson, Major Gen. Sir H., 235

Madho Rao Scindia, 127

Madras, 30;
famine in, 31;
mismanagement of the administration, 33, 38;
council, 38;
treatment of Sir E. Coote, 41;
native cavalry, 65

Magre, 94

Mahé, 20

Mahomed Ahmed, 239

Mahommed Tewfik, 233

Mahrattas, 20, 80;
arrival of, 91;
supremacy, 125;
quarrels, 128

Mahsamah, 236, 237

Maidstone, 216

Majendie, Capt. Lieut. Lewis, 24

Malabar, 80

Mallavelly, 107;
battle of, 108

Malpurba, 119, 120

Malwa, 128

Manapur, 101

Mangalore, peace of, 66

Manikpatam, 135

Manners, Major Gen. R., Letter of service to, 11;
warrant to refund clothing money, 12

Manoli, 119

Mansfield, Major Gen. Sir W., 222

Marshall, Quartermaster Sergeant W., 243

Maryborough, 159

Matthews, Major Gen., 36

Mauritius, 103

Maxwell, Lieut. Col., 72, 78, 89, 141;
killed, 143;
pension to his widow, 147

McArthur, Gen., 209

McClure, Gen., 184, 185

M‘Culloch, John, 28

McDouall, Col., 194

Medows, Major Gen., 67, 89;
in command of the army, 68;
advance on Coimbatore, 69, 77

Meerut, 167, 227

Meigs, Fort, 180

Merawi, 259, 260;
evacuated, 263

Metemmeh, 248, 249, 254

Miami river, 180

Michigan, Lake, 176, 179

Midnapore, 133

Militia Bill, 3

Milne, S. M., _Standards and Colours of the Army_, 232

Minden, 4

Minorca, fall of, 2

M‘Intyre, 129

Mirzapore, 133

Mitcham, 15

M‘Kay, Col., 194

Mobile Point, 215

Mocher, Lieut. Gen., 18

Money, Cornet E. A., 226

Monghyr, 34

Montcalm, 3

Montreal, 175, 179, 217;
preparations for the attack on, 188

_Montreal_, 234, 236

Moodgul, 134

Moodianoor, 135

Mooglee Pass, 82

Morgan, Capt., 133, 135

Mornington, Lord, 103

Morris, Lieut. R., 226, 232

Morrison, Lieut. Col., 190, 191

Mudgheri, 121

Munro, Sir Hector, 20, 25 _note_;
resigns his command, 31

Murray, Col., 133, 185, 188;
Corporal, 85

Musgrave, Major Gen., 80, 93

Mysore, 68;
fall of, 112

Nagmunglum, 92

Nagpore, 126, 153;
Rajah, 131

Nana Farnawis, 126, 128

Nash, Capt. Thomas, 24, 28

Naulniah, 138, 144

Neemgaum, 154

_Neera_, wreck of the, 241

Nefisha, 235

Negapatam, 31

Nerbudda, 131, 133

Neville, Lieut., 66

New Orleans, 214;
expedition against, 215

Newark, 183;
burnt, 185

Newbridge, 218

Newcastle, Holles, 8

Niagara, Fort, 181;
success at, 186;
frontier, 175;
position of the British troops, 195

Nizam of Hyderabad, 20, 80, 106;
the horse, 89;
decrease of his power, 125

Noix, Isle aux, 188, 217

Northampton, 171

Norwich, 14, 265

Nundydroog, 93

Occarro, 70

Ogdensburg, 187, 189, 190

Ogle, Major Gen., 46, 50

Oldham, Col., 70

Oliphant, Lieut., 101

O’Neill, Lieut. Col. the Hon. J., 174, 183

Ontario, Lake, 175, 177, 181

Oojain, 126, 129

Ooscotta, 94, 112

Ootradroog, 94

_Orient_, 234

_Osiris_, 241

Osman Digna, 240

Oswald, James, 8

Oswego, 177, 196

Pachet, 133

Pakenham, Major Gen. Sir E., 215

Palghat, 71, 77

Paliar river, 60

Palicode Pass, 82

Pareshram Bhow, 81, 91, 94

Paris, Peace of, in 1763, 9

Parkes, Private, 78

Parterly, 149

Partoor, 137

Paterson, Major, 123

Patree, 149

Patterson, Cornet James, 90

Pattle, Gen. William, 226

Paugri, 138

Pawaghur, 135

Payne, Lieut. Gen. Sir W., 216

Pearl river, 215

Pearson, Lieut. Col., 199, 201

Pednaikdirgum Pass, 94

Peepulgaon, 139

Peishwa, 125;
under the protection of the British Government, 129

Pellew, Rear Adm. Sir E., 171

Pembroke, Lord, his book on military equitation, 60

Periapatam, 90, 94, 107, 109

Permacoil, 80

Perron, 115, 127, 128;
number of his troops, 132

Persia, Shah of, 229, 266

Petley, Capt. Lieut. John, 28

Pewsey, 229

Philipstown, 172

Pike, Gen., 181

Pitt, his management of affairs, 3

Plattsburgh, 178, 179, 188, 189, 195;
expedition against, 211-213

Plymouth, 11, 171

Pohlman, 142

Point aux Pins, 196

Pondicherry, 51, 80;
capitulates, 100

Ponies, Arab, 313-317;
casualties, 317, 318

Poodicherim Pass, 94

Poona, 125, 129, 131

Poonamallee, 51, 65

Poongar Ford, 73

Porter, Gen., 198

Porto Novo, 20, 72

Portsmouth, 11, 266

Potomac river, 213

Powell, Lieut. Col., 133, 134, 135, 136;
Sergeant, 207, 208

Prairie du Chien, 194

Prescott, 190

Prevost, Lieut. Gen. Sir George, 177, 183, 184, 197, 209;
fails to capture Sackett’s Harbour, 187;
failure of his expedition against Plattsburgh, 211-213

Prinsep, Lieut. C. J., 226

Proctor, Lieut. Col., 176, 179;
victory over Gen. Winchester, 180;
retreats to Ancaster, 180

Purdy, Col., 189

Pyche, Rajah, 123

Quebec, 174, 217;
taken, 4

Queenston, 185, 197, 199

Quiberon Bay, 4

Quintin, St, Cornet C. R., 226

Radipole, Barracks, 216

Rajoora, 149

Rajpoot, States, 126

Ranee Bednore, 117

Regis, St, 188

Rensselaar, Gen. Van., 177

Riall, Gen., 186, 197;
despatch after the battle of Chippewa, 199;
night march, 199;
wounded, 203

Richardson, Major R., 226

Ridley, Lieut., 232

Rigby, Richard, 6

Ripley, Gen., 206

River Column, 256

Rivett-Carnac, Lieut. E. S., 226

Roberts, Capt., 176

Rochefort, 3

Rodney, 4

Romford, 172, 218

Ross, Major Gen., 213;
killed, 214

Rottenburg, Major Gen. de, 183, 184

Rowley, Capt., 159

_Royal Henry_, 29

Rughonath Rao, 126

Runjeet Singh, 115

Russia, Emperor of, 230

Rycottah, 107

Sackett’s Harbour, 181, 184;
failure to capture, 187;
U.S. Squadron blockaded, 196, 199, 200

Sadasheo Bhow, 129

Sage, Lieut. William, 28

Said Sahib, 69

Salaberry, Lieut. Col. de, 188

Salbye, Treaty of, 32, 128

Sale, Capt., 144, 146

Salisbury, 12, 14

Salmon river, 191

Sandhurst, Lord, 222

Sandusky, 179, 180

Sandwich, 176, 180

Saone, 133

Sara, 92, 124

Saranac creek, 212

Sasseram, 133

Satara, Rajah of, 125

Satyamunglum, Fort of, 71

Savandroog, 93

Savanoor, 118, 121

Saxmundham, 15

Schlosser, Fort, 183, 201

Scindia, 126;
hostilities, 129;
retreats to Thalnair, 148;
armistice, 149;
peace signed, 153

Scott, Col., 201, 202, 203;
Lieut., 232;
Major, 97

Secunder Jah, 94

Secunderabad, 266

Sedaseer, 107

Sepoys, mutiny, 161-166

Seringapatam, 65, 72, 82, 95;
advance on, 88, 94;
siege, 109;
taken, 112

Seringham, 100

Serle, Cornet, 147

St Servan, 4

Seven Years’ War, 2, 9

Shah Alum, 125

Shapoor, 120

Shawoor, 70, 74

Sheaffe, Major Gen., 178, 181

Shevtamodoo, 59, 94

Shinoor, 121, 122

Shorncliffe, 228, 266

Shropshire, 14

Shukook Pass, 257

Shumshere Bahadoor, 132, 135

Shute, Major Gen., 229

Sinkat, 240

Sirdhana, 148

Sirhetty, 119

Sirsoni, 150

Sivaji, 126

Skelly, Major, 87

Skelton, Capt., 165

Sloper, Lieut. Gen. R., 18;
Commander-in-Chief in India, 54

Smelt, Lieut. Col., 210

Snake Hill, 207

Songhur, 133

Soondooti, 119, 120

Soorong, 135

Sosilay, 109

Soudan, 239

Stapleton, Capt. R. T. P., 226

Sterling, Lieut. Col., 50

Stevenson, Col., 120, 131, 133, 137;
occupies Burhanpore, 149

Stewart, Col. H., 241, 244, 248, 308;
wounded, 252;
death, 255

Stoney Creek, 182

Strange, Sergeant, 146

Straubenzee, Lieut. Col., 50

_Streatham_, 171

Stuart, Major Gen., 25 _note_, 36, 39;
his position, 40;
charges against, 42;
dismissal, 43;
arrest, 44;
shipped off to England, 49;
colonelcy of H.M.’s 31st, 57

Stuart, Lieut. Gen., 107, 109;
Col., 71, 77, 97

Suakin, 240, 244, 260

Sudbury, 15

Suez Canal, 235

Suffren, 20, 31

Surat, 133

Surjee Anjengaum, 153

Sutherland, 75

Sutlej, 127

Sutton Park, 24

Swift, Gen., 200

_Sybelle_, 174

Syringhi, 121

Table Bay, 171

Tamai, 263;
battle of, 244

Tani, 260

Tapoor Pass, 79

Tapti, 133

Taylor, Lieut. Col., G.C.B., 226, 236

Tecumseh, slain, 180

Tel-el-Kebir, 237

Tel-el-Mahuta, 235, 236

Thalnair, 148

Thames, Battle of the, 180

Thomas, Capt. J., 24, 28

Thomas, 115

Thomé, San, 33, 37

_Thorn’s Memoir of the War in India_, extracts from, 105, 153

Tiaghur, 79

Ticonderago, 4, 64, _note_

Tilbury, 171, 218

Tippoo, Sahib of Mysore, 35;
treaty of peace, 36;
war with, 66;
advance, 72;
march on Trichinopoly, 78;
loss at Seringapatam, 96;
surrenders, 98;
animosity against the English, 102;
various embassies, 102;
killed, 112

Tofrik, 262

Toka, 137

Tokar, 240, 244

Tonk, State of, 115

Toombadra river, 117, 121

Toronto, 179, 183

Tour, M. le Maitre de la, on the English troops in India, 21

Travancore, Rajah of, 67

Trichinopoly, 67, 69, 79, 100

Trincomalee captured, 31

Trinkitat, 241, 244

Trinomalli, 80

Tryon, Major Gen., 15

Tucker, Lieut. Col., 200

Tullamore, 172

Twelve Mile Creek, 200

United States declare war against England, 173;
plan of invading Canada, 175, 179, 193

Uxbridge, Lord, 216

Vandeleur, Major Gen. Sir J. O., 113, 167, 216, 231

Vaniembadi, 78

Velladi, 70, 74

Vellore, 36, 65, 104, 106;
mutiny at, 160-166

Vellout, 80, 81

Venkitagheri, 87

Vincent, St, Capt. Lord., 232;
Major Gen., 181, 184

Wadsworth, Gen., 178

Wady Haifa, 247, 263

Walkee, 131, 133

Wallace, Lieut. Col. W., 157

Wallajabad, 59, 67, 100, 104

Walton, Lieut. William, 24, 28

Warley, 11

Waroor, 139

Warrants, Royal, 6-8, 11, 13, 15-17, 23, 25-27

Washington, 213

Watteville, de, 184

Webster, Lieut. Col. A. G., 226, 236, 240, 241, 243, 308

Wellesley, Col. the Hon. A., 103, 106;
expedition against Dhoondia Wao, 117;
Scindia, 131;
distribution of troops, 132;
captures Ahmednugger, 136;
battle of Assaye, 138-144;
of Argaum, 150-152;
march against banditti, 154

Wellington, Field Marshal the Duke of, 106, _note_

Wellington, Fort, 190

Werdah river, 118

Whitehill, Mr, 39

Wilkinson, Gen., 188, 190, 195

William Henry, Fort, taken, 3

_William Pitt_, 171

Williams, Cornet George, 28

Willis, Lieut. Gen., 236

Wilson, Nathan, Capt., 144, 146, 163, 164;
Lieut. Col. Sir R., 157;
Col. Sir C., 252, 254;
_From Korti to Khartoum_, 253

Winchester, Gen., 179;
taken prisoner, 180

Winder, Gen., 182, 213

Windsor, 229

Wolfe, 4

Wolseley, Lieut. Gen. Sir G., 234, 248, 312

Wood, Lieut. Col., 241

Woodbridge, 15

Woodhouse, Lieut., 165

Woodington, Lieut. Col., 134

Worseley, Lieut., 195

Yarmouth, 15

Yeo, Sir James, 182

Yepalpurri, 121, 122

Yorke, Major Gen. John, 229, 266

Yorktown, 20

Young, Lieut., 144, 165

Zeman Shah, 102, 104

Zobehr Pasha, 246

Printed at

The Edinburgh Press

9 & 11 Young Street

FOOTNOTES:

[1] Charles, 6th Earl of Drogheda, Governor of Meath, and Lieutenant Colonel of the 1st Irish Horse.

[2] Annual Register, 1779.

[3] The 23rd Light Dragoons.

[4] The commissions of Sir Hector Munro, General Stuart, and Sir John Burgoyne were afterwards antedated to 9th May 1777, to ensure the succession of one of them to the command of the troops in India next to Sir Eyre Coote.

[5] 101st and 102nd.

[6] Madras Govt. Dispatch to Court of Directors 31st Oct. 1782.

[7] This was the reason given by the Madras Council. According to another account, the rice was not landed, because the Governor, Lord Macartney, had laid an embargo on it, and would neither give an adequate price for it, nor suffer it to be landed for sale to the people.

[8] _Annual Register._

[9] Portuguese half castes and native Christians.

[10] “We conceive that there is a slight transition from refusal to employ the King’s troops upon a requisition by the Civil Government, to the employing them without a requisition, and we submit to you to what uses such an authority might be applied, and where the consequences might end.”--_Letter to Court of Directors, December 1782._

[11] _13th August 1783._

[12] The power of ordering Courts Martial for the trial of officers and soldiers, both in the service of the King and those acting under the Company, was vested in the Commander in Chief of His Majesty’s forces for the time being.

[13] Twelve of the ringleaders were selected for execution. Eleven of them were blown away from guns: the twelfth was pardoned after the gun had missed fire three times. This was the recognised mode of execution in India for military mutiny, and the Company’s European troops were equally liable to this punishment.

[14] 135 horses died or were cast between 1st June 1783 and 10th May 1785.

[15] Soon after his arrival in England he received a challenge from General Stuart, by whom he was wounded in a duel, fought near Kensington, 8th June 1786. A letter from Sir John Burgoyne, written whilst under arrest, shows his intention of calling Lord Macartney to account in a similar way.

[16] This would seem to show that Lang, like Stuart, also held a half-pay commission from the King.

[17] _Calcutta Gazette. 18th August 1785._

[18] Narrative of the Military operations on the Coromandel Coast. _Innes Munro._ 1789.

[19] _Lieut. Colonel Floyd, private letter, 18th April 1786._

[20] _Military equitation, or a Method of Breaking Horses, and Teaching Soldiers to ride, by Henry, Earl of Pembroke._

[21] _See_ page 15.

[22] In the same order the 73rd Highland Regiment was re-numbered the 71st, and the 78th was re-numbered the 72nd.

[23] Brother of Lord Howe, who was killed at Ticonderago, and of the famous Admiral. He succeeded as 5th Viscount Howe in 1799, and died in July 1814.

[24] _Lieut. Colonel Floyd, private letter, 14th January 1790._

[25] Younger brother of the famous Sir Ralph Abercromby.

[26] Afterwards Lieut. General Sir James Affleck, Colonel of the 16th Light Dragoons: died 1833.

[27] The fortified town as distinguished from the fort.

[28] _Dirom._

[29] _Wilks._

[30] _Dirom._

[31] _Dirom._

[32] _Dirom._

[33] One of these is now the property of the Junior United Service Club.

[34] Among the Europeans in the Nizam’s service was one Captain Finglass, who had formerly been a Quarter Master in the 19th Light Dragoons. He commanded a corps, and, in company with another corps commander, an American named Boyd, made known his determination to uphold the Company’s authority against French intrigues. Some time after the disarmament of the Nizam’s troops he was reinstated in his position in the Nizam’s service.

[35] In November 1802 the number of gun lascars was reduced to 1 First Tindal and 10 men for each European Regiment.

[36] _Thorn._

[37] Afterwards Field Marshal the Duke of Wellington.

[38] Not the officer of the same name who was formerly Commander-in-Chief in Madras.

[39] _Lord Combermere’s correspondence._

[40] _Wilks’s Mysore._

[41] “Time and the number of guns formed the principle of our signals; for example, three guns at half-past seven denoted a position two marches from Seringapatam: two guns at eight might have denoted any other communication. And in this manner may detachments or armies on some occasions communicate intelligence, which, by messenger, might be impracticable. To ascertain that the signal of the Bombay army was understood, it was agreed to fire the same number of guns, in our camp ten minutes afterwards.”--_Beatson’s Mysore War._ General Floyd’s signal to establish communication with General Stuart on the 8th was two guns fired precisely at four o’clock; and, a little afterwards, four guns at intervals of a minute each. In about half an hour afterwards the same signal was repeated.--_Memoirs of a Field Officer._

[42] _Wellesley correspondence._

[43] The rest of the army did not reach Poona till the 23rd.

[44] According to the order of march observed, the advanced guard was composed of one half company from each Infantry Regiment, forming the picquets coming on duty, under the Field Officer of the day. In the same way, the rearguard was formed of the picquets coming off duty.

[45] _Grant Duff’s History of the Mahrattas._

[46] _Life of Mountstuart Elphinstone._

[47] _History of the Madras Army._ The number of guns captured at Assaye is generally stated as 98. This apparently does not include some guns abandoned by the enemy between the field of battle and the Ajunta Pass, which fell into the hands of Stevenson’s corps.

[48] _M.S. note in India Office Library._

[49] _M.S. note in India Office Library._

[50] _Grant Duff’s Mahrattas._

[51] _Court of Directors’ Letter, 3rd July 1805._

[52] _Milne’s Standards and Colours of the British Army._

[53] _Twelve years of military adventure._

[54] _Thorn’s Memoir of the War in India._

[55] The force would appear a very large one to deal with a band of freebooters, but according to one who was present they numbered upwards of 50,000 men. Though this was probably an exaggeration, it suffices to show that they were very numerous.

[56] “Nothing would appear to be more trivial to the public interests than the length of the hair on the upper lip of a sepoy, yet to the individual himself, the shape and fashion of the whisker is a badge of his caste, and an article of his religion.”--_Report of Special Commission on mutiny at Vellore._

[57] _Quebec Mercury_, 18th May 1813.

[58] He had been created a Knight of the Bath for his victory at Detroit.

[59] The present town of Toronto was known as York in 1813.

[60] _Lundy’s Lane Hist. Society._

[61] Afterwards Sir Gordon Drummond, K.C.B.

[62] _Lundy’s Lane Historical Society._

[63] _Lundy’s Lane Historical Society._

[64] L.L.H.S.

[65] The force actually engaged on the British side consisted only of a single Division of 1500 men and a Naval rocket battery. Ross attacked without waiting for his Rear Division and the rest of the Naval Brigade.

[66] _See_ page 167.

[67] Horse Guards order, dated 28th October 1817.

[68] It is not quite certain whether the guidons were new ones given to the Regiment in 1808, or the old ones with the badges embroidered on them in that year.

[69] _Standards and Colours of the Army_, by S. M. Milne. I am mainly indebted to Mr Milne for the drawings from which the accompanying Plate was prepared.

[70] The force was mainly composed of the men who had fought against us under Arabi. They could hardly have been expected to fight well.

[71] G.O. by Sir G. Graham.

[72] Sir Charles Wilson, in _From Korti to Khartoum_.

[73] Number of regiment changed to the Eighteenth in this year.

[74] Number of the regiment changed in this year to the Nineteenth.

TRANSCRIBER’S NOTE

Some placenames have been adjusted to be consistent within the
book. Some have been left unchanged even when they are probably
incorrect, for example ‘Ticonderago’ and ‘Chumbul’.

Obvious typographical errors and punctuation errors have been
corrected after careful comparison with other occurrences within
the text and consultation of external sources.

In Appendix A which has tables of the officer lists for most
years from 1760 to 1899, lists for the years 1764 to 1778,
1822 to 1858 and 1862 were absent from the original book.

The { and } bracketing has been removed from the tables in the
Appendices, and from the tables on pages 14, 28 and 226, in order
to save table space and make the etext more readable. In the
tables of Appendix A, sometimes a space has been removed to fit a
name or title in a cell; for example, ‘_Asst. Surgeon_’ has been
changed to ‘_Asst.Surgeon_’.

Except for those changes noted below, all misspellings in the text,
and inconsistent or archaic usage, have been retained: for example,
overtaxed, over-taxed; reinforcements, re-inforcements; aweful;
feudatory; necessaries; signalised; chesnut.

Pg 66: ‘up acccording to’ replaced by ‘up according to’.
Pg 97: ‘Abercomby joined’ replaced by ‘Abercromby joined’.
Pg 144 Footnote 46: ‘Life of Mounstuart’ replaced by
‘Life of Mountstuart’.
Pg 163: ‘hastily gallopping’ replaced by ‘hastily galloping’.
Pg 177: ‘Sir George Prevot,’ replaced by ‘Sir George Prevost,’.
Pg 194: ‘on the Mississipi,’ replaced by ‘on the Mississippi,’.
Pg 215: ‘Mississipi which’ replaced by ‘Mississippi which’.
Pg 227: ‘battles of Meanee’ replaced by ‘battles of Meeanee’.
Pg 230: ‘Abor Hill’ replaced by ‘Arbour Hill’.
Pg 236: ‘at Mahsama without’ replaced by ‘at Mahsamah without’.

Index: ‘Jaffrabad,’ replaced by ‘Jaffirabad,’.
Index: ‘Mahsama,’ replaced by ‘Mahsamah,’.
Index: ‘M‘Arthur,’ replaced by ‘McArthur,’.
Index: ‘M‘Clure,’ replaced by ‘McClure,’.
Index: ‘M‘Douall,’ replaced by ‘McDouall,’.