Chapter XVII: Honors to Polish Fiction--Sienkiewicz (1905), Reymont (1924)

The prize of 1905 has been awarded:

Sienkiewicz, Henryk, born 1846, died November 16, 1916: “because of
his splendid merits as an author of historical novels.”[163]

As has been noted in previous chapters, in the Nobel prizes in literature, exponents of the same kind of writing in a country have been honored in successive generations. Björnson and Knut Hamsun, Heyse and Hauptmann, Echegaray and Benavente, Anatole France and Rolland, Henryk Sienkiewicz and Ladislaw Reymont are examples of such awards. Another inference from the lists of winners is that the adjudicators wish to recognize the aspirations and achievements of small countries that are too often overlooked upon the map of world literature. Thus Denmark and Switzerland, Ireland and Belgium have shared with the so-called “great nations” of Europe. Twice has Poland been selected for recognition. The very name suggests struggle and oppression on one hand, hope and faith in ultimate right on the other. In spite of tragic sadness, the messages of Poland in art and literature have been vital and lofty in idealism. Some of the melancholy and passionate yearning of later Poland has been expressed in the poets Michievicz and Slowacki, who are allied in their moods with Chopin; the “Funeral March” was described by Liszt as “the murmuring plaint of a whole nation following the bier of its dearest hopes.”[164] In his book, _Poland Reborn_, with keen analysis of advance in education and literary opportunities, Roy Devereux says, “Henceforward there will not be need for Polish men of letters like Henryk Sienkiewicz, who belongs as much to Western Europe as to Poland, to seek the protection of a foreign flag for their literary labours.”[165] To Sienkiewicz came the Nobel award in 1905, a surprise to European critics and a blow to Russian aspirants for the honor.

_Copyright, 1912, by Little, Brown and Company_

HENRYK SIENKIEWICZ]

Born in Lithuania, at Wola Okrzejska, in 1846, he was sixty when he received the prize; he was already known by translation to international readers. He belonged to a patrician family and was educated at the University of Warsaw until political conditions, following the revolution of 1863, caused him to leave Poland for Russia, where he edited a journal at St. Petersburg. He wanted to know more of the world so he traveled, in gypsy or Bohemian fashion, in Southern Europe; in 1876 he came to America, to Los Angeles, seeking to found there a Polish Commonwealth of Utopian type. He had written tales and travel sketches under the pseudonym of “Litwos”--_Nobody is a Prophet in his own Country_ and _From the Notebook of a Posen_. He wrote impressions of America for a Warsaw newspaper; among these earlier sketches were “Janko, the Musician,” “Across the Prairies,” and “In Tartar Captivity.” A later tale, “The Old Bell-Ringer,” was patriotic and wistful.

In 1880 he returned to Poland where he faced sadness in the death of his wife with the panacea of work upon his trilogy of historical romances of Poland. For eight years he worked winters in Warsaw at libraries and in his study, in summers in the Carpathian mountains. The results were the long, imaginative but strictly historical tales of _With Fire and Sword_, relating events from 1647 to 1651, _The Deluge_, from 1652 to 1657, and _Pan Michael_, dealing with the Turkish invasion and incidents from 1670 to 1674. This cycle of romances showed scholarship and dramatic ability, especially in the first and third stories of the trilogy. The background is panoramic; the dialogue is natural in most places. The author visualized individuals and the Polish people, under sentiments of distress, fear, love, conflict, and aspiration. The qualities of honor, patriotism, and faith are emphasized in these portrayals of Poland, under successive invasions of Cossacks, Swedes, and Turks. He idealized Poland and gave hope to his people.

Modern Poland was the setting for his next series of tales, _Without Dogma_ and _Children of the Soil_. The former is pathological and tragic, the diary of Leon Ploszowski, aristocrat and bore, and his love for his cousin, Aneila. The vices of modern society and self-indulgent forces are in sharp contrast with the heroes of the trilogy. For many years he had studied early Christianity with its opposing force, Paganism. In 1896 he wrote his masterpiece, _Quo Vadis_, which has been called “an epochal book.” In many translations it was familiar to readers before the Nobel prize was given to its author. Of somewhat similar trend was the later brief message, _Let Us Follow Him_, which appeared in a single book and is included in the collection of stories and sketches, _Hania_, in translations by C. W. Dynicwicz, Jeremiah Curtin, and Casimir Gonski.[166]

The confessed purpose of _Quo Vadis_ was to show “how God’s truth, because it is the only Truth, conquered pagan might.” The sustained interest in this religio-historical novel is not gained by melodrama or sensational intrigues. It has breadth and dignity. The characters vary in vividness but among the outstanding photographs are Paul and Petronius, Ursus and Chilo, and the girl captive, Ligeia. He called the tale “A Narrative of the Time of Nero.” The background was convincing but Nero was not successfully drawn; even such a master of characterization as Sienkiewicz could not make the Roman emperor vitally real to modern readers but he introduced several dramatic situations that center about his baffling personality. The question of the title, “Whither goest thou?” was asked of the modern world of unrest and discord, even as it was asked in the days of the apostles; the author felt the need of guides of to-day to hold up the banner of faith and service.

Sympathy and spirituality were qualities found, not alone in _Quo Vadis_ but in many other works in fiction by this Polish writer. _Knights of the Cross_, recounting the struggle between the Poles and Lithuanians against the Teutons, is a favorite with many readers. _After Bread: a Story of Polish Emigrant Life in America_ (also entitled, _For Daily Bread_ and _Peasants in Exile_) is typical of his tales of emigration. _On the Field of Glory_ celebrates Sobieski’s rescue of Vienna. Few authors have been so fortunate in English translators as this Polish novelist. Jeremiah Curtin, S. A. Binion, and S. C. de Soissons are among the best known; they have given fine interpretations to his historical trilogy, his religious novel, and such other stories as _On the Field of Glory_, _On the Bright Shore_, _In Desert and Wilderness_, _That Third Woman_, and _In Vain_. Sienkiewicz lived until 1916, alert and productive, ever exemplifying the word that he used in a criticism of Zola, “The novel should strengthen life, not undermine it; ennoble it, not defile it; bring good tidings, not evil.”

LADISLAW STANISLAW REYMONT

The prize of 1924 has been awarded:

To Reymont, Ladislaw, born 1868: “For his great epic, _The
Peasants_.”[167]

Again, a new generation has come “to hold the candle to light the dark corners of the earth” in Poland, since Henryk Sienkiewicz wrote his novels of historical and religious potency. A new group of authors had come forward, many of them scarcely known outside their racial confines. Among the better known of the representatives of “Young Poland” is Ladislaw Reymont to whom the Nobel prize was given in 1924. A few weeks before this award was made public there appeared a translation of the first part of the four-volume novel, _The Peasants_ by Reymont, with the title, _Autumn_ (Knopf, New York, 1925). The translator was Michael H. Dziewicki, Professor of English Literature at the University of Cracow. The book attracted meager attention until the Nobel prize was announced; then a furor of interest was aroused in this first volume and those to appear since then--_Winter_, _Spring_, and _Summer_. Reymont had visited America twice but escaped much publicity. He had been translated into English as author of _The Comedienne_ (1920), the tale of a girl who sought to be beautiful and famous on the stage but ended in “philisticism.” Some of his short stories had been included in a collection of Polish tales, in the Oxford University series of _World Classics_ (1921). An extract from his industrial novel, _The Promised Land_, was used in the _Anthology of Modern Slavonic Literature_, edited by Paul Selver, in 1921. He has written more than a score of novels, and is well known and commended in Germany. Comparisons to Sienkiewicz reveal more pictorial skill, more dramatic vigor like that of Dumas, in the older writer, but a realistic force of surpassing effects in Reymont.

His family was of the lower middle class. His father was a windmill owner in Kobiala Wielka, then in Russian Poland, where the author was born in 1868. He went to the village school and attended to the cattle and farm work. One of the interpreters of Reymont to Americans has been Rupert Hughes; in the translation of his Preface to the German edition of _The Peasants_ we read,[168] “Reymont was born to be the epic poet of the Polish village. He is, in spite of his foreign name, a child of that strange, uncouth world where he began his life among goose boys and cowherders, where he drove the herds of his father, the village organist, and whence he has climbed to the rank of a beloved and recognized poet, spending a large part of his life in Paris, the centre of modern culture.” Reymont attended some of the gymnasiums, or High Schools, but he was defiant to the Russian demand _not_ to speak in Polish; sometimes he was expelled.[169]

Several trades and occupations gave Reymont experiences which he has used in some of his fiction. He was a clerk in a store, railway employee, telegraph operator, and longed to travel like the hero of _The Dreamer_. For a time he was actor in a small company whose reflections are found in _The Comedienne_ and _Lilly_. He was, also, a novitiate with the Paulist Fathers for a time at Czenstochowa. _The Promised Land_, with scenes laid at Lotz and indications of revolt against the capitalists and landowners (on the part of the proletariat) was a forerunner of his agrarian novel, _The Peasants_. The earlier book has been compared with Zola’s _Germinal_ in intense naturalism. In this long story, _The Peasants_, Reymont became the “mouthpiece of the peasant and rural elements.” Combined with Reymont’s devotion to the peasant village as “protagonist,” is his passion for Nature in her varied aspects; hence he made his divisions of the book to show the four seasons. Like Thomas Hardy and George Meredith he uses Nature as a vital personality in his story, aiding or restraining the development of his leading characters, especially Yagna, who has been called “a Polish Tess.” The English author is superior in condensation and dramatic sympathy.

To use the Polish peasant as literary material is no exclusive trait of Reymont; he has been portrayed by other writers like Ladislaw Orkan, Jan Kasprowicz, and Stanislaw Prybyszewsski. In _The Peasants_ the slow movement is varied by scenes of intense emotion, like the marriage festival in _Autumn_, or the death of Kuba, like the passionate quest of Yagna and Antek in _Winter_, and the bitter fight between father and son, husband and lover of Yagna, or the tragic, gruesome scene of the death of the father, old Boryna, in the last pages of _Spring_. The mob-attack upon Yagna, at the close of _Summer_, grips the reader and makes a strong climax to the epical story. In addition to specific, haunting situations, there are interwoven customs and legends and a wonderful collection of Polish proverbs (a mine of literature!). Passions of love and hate and revenge, the constant excess of vodka and clouded minds, fear of landlord and slumbering revolt against the loss of forest lands and oncoming industrial domination--such are significant factors in this panoramic novel. In the background is the dull color of the soil, the rank smells and fragrant odors of farmyards and woods, sunsets of splendor, and terrifying storms. One of the most poetic, idealistic passages is the last chapter in _Autumn_, the passing of the soul of faithful Kuba, after his long years of service and keen suffering:

And higher yet it flew, and higher, yet higher, higher--yea, till it
set its feet--

Where man can hear no longer the voice of lamentation, nor the
mournful discords of all things that breathe--

Where only fragrant lilies exhale balmy odours, where fields of
flowers in bloom waft honey-sweet scents athwart the air; where
starry rivers roll over beds of a million hues; where night comes
never at all--[170]

Many passages in this novel are repugnant to Anglo-Saxon æsthetic tastes, if one is unable to assimilate the raw sordidness of many modern stories of the soil, with the passages of emotional vigor and poetic beauties. Reymont has revealed, in panoramic form, the life of the Polish peasant, typified in the family and associates of Boryna; he has treated his big theme with psychological insight, realistic photography, and robust idealism. The first and second volumes seem more spontaneous and dramatic than the later. He lacks condensation and incisiveness. An excellent review of the four volumes by Vida Scudder is in _The Atlantic Monthly_, August, 1925.

Reymont knows America far better than Americans know him or his books, but the discrepancy is being remedied. He enjoys friendship with many men of affairs and letters here, including Rupert Hughes, whose story, _What Will People Say?_ has been translated by Mme. Reymont, a fine linguist, and published serially in the Warsaw _Gazeta_. Many critics have noted the sincerity of Reymont as man and artist.

In Chapter III, “Naturalism and Nationalism,” of the collected lectures, on _Modern Polish Literature_, by Roman Dyboski, Professor at Cracow University,[171] there are interesting comments upon Reymont’s earlier work and his tendencies. His attempt at historical fiction, following the lead of Sienkiewicz, was recorded in _The Year 1794_ but it was, says Professor Dyboski, a failure, the “bewildering mass of details obscured the outlines of the historical picture.” More adapted to his analytical skill are the earlier novels, _Ferments_ and _The Dreamer_ (largely autobiographical in background), and the later, more impersonal tales that deal with anarchists and political conditions, _The Vampire_ and _Opium Smokers_. Like other critics Professor Dyboski ranks Stephen Zeromski as “supreme in the Polish novel today.” He compares him to Sienkiewicz; he has the dramatic power and concentration which Reymont lacks. Zeromski is “a social pessimist”; like Sienkiewicz he was a short-story writer at first, then turned to history for fictional themes, like _Lay of the Leader_ and has written more recently of contemporaneous conditions. With his faults of diffuseness and unevenness of structure, Reymont is gifted in depicting the small and large interests of the Polish peasant, in revealing their aspirations and dormant passion for freedom.

As an example of “the novel of the soil,” so close to earth that the reader often finds his senses are keen and that other faculties are almost dormant, this epic by Reymont proclaims him a masterful interpreter of peasant life. In every volume there are lapses of interest and diffuseness. In retrospect, however, the many monotonous pages will be forgotten and the outstanding scenes of passionate love, hatred, suffering, and primitive ecstasy will remain in memory as tributes to this second Polish novelist who is listed among the Nobel prize winners in literature.

FOOTNOTES:

[163] Inscription with the Nobel Prize Award in Literature, 1905.

[164] _Poland Reborn_ by Roy Devereux, London, 1922, p. 237.

[165] _Ibid._, p. 225.

[166] Chicago, 1898; Philadelphia, 1898.

[167] Inscription with the Nobel Prize Award in 1924.

[168] By permission of Rupert Hughes.

[169] Interview with Dr. A. M. Nawench in _New York Times Review_, November 30, 1924.

[170] _The Peasants: Autumn_ from the Polish of Ladislaw St. Reymont, New York, 1924. By permission of Alfred A. Knopf.

[171] Given at King’s College; Oxford University Press, 1924. By permission of _Oxford University Press_.

CHRONOLOGICAL LIST OF NOBEL PRIZE WINNERS IN LITERATURE

PAGE

1901. SULLY-PRUDHOMME, RENÉ FRANÇOIS ARMAND 21

1902. MOMMSEN, THEODOR 42

1903. BJÖRNSON, BJÖRNSTJERNE 58

1904. MISTRAL, FRÉDÉRIC, shared with 31

1904. ECHEGARAY, JOSÉ 239

1905. SIENKIEWICZ, HENRYK 264

1906. CARDUCCI, GIOSUÈ 72

1907. KIPLING, RUDYARD 85

1908. EUCKEN, RUDOLF 48

1909. LAGERLÖF, SELMA 104

1910. HEYSE, PAUL 124

1911. MAETERLINCK, MAURICE 148

1912. HAUPTMANN, GERHART 133

1913. TAGORE, RABINDRANATH 159

NO AWARD IN 1914

1915. ROLLAND, ROMAIN 175

1916. HEIDENSTAM, VERNER VON 189

1917. PONTOPPIDAN, HENRIK, shared with 197

1917. GJELLERUP, KARL 201

NO AWARD IN 1918

1919. SPITTELER, CARL 205

1920. HAMSUN, KNUT 213

1921. FRANCE, ANATOLE 224

1922. BENAVENTE, JACINTO 247

1923. YEATS, WILLIAM BUTLER 253

1924. REYMONT, LADISLAW 269

BIBLIOGRAPHY OF “NOBEL PRIZE WINNERS IN LITERATURE”

The compiler of this bibliography has not attempted to make an exhaustive list of writings of the several prize winners; the aim is to suggest an adequate reading list, to supplement the studies of individual authors and to stimulate further research. As this book is intended, especially, for English and American readers, the foreign editions are not cited, if there is any adequate translation available; in a few cases, the works must be read in the original language.

The bibliography has been compiled largely with the assistance of librarians at the Widener Library of Harvard University, so that the books listed will be found in the card catalogue there, and at the Library of Congress. In isolated cases, the _data_ have been furnished by individual writers and translators. The authors are here listed in the order of the awards, with dates appended; in the Index they are given alphabetically.

SULLY-PRUDHOMME (1901)

_Œuvres_: 5 Vols. (Paris, 1869-1901).

Selected poems in _Anthology of French Poetry_, edited by H.
Carrington (London and New York, 1900).

Selected poems in _The Modern Book of French Verse_, edited by Albert
Boni (New York, 1920).

_Journal Intime_ (Paris, 1922).

_Le testament poétique_, 4th ed. (Paris, 1901).

_La vraie religion selon Pascal_ (Paris, 1905).

_Que sais-je? Examen de conscience_ (Paris, 1896).

_On Life and Letters_ by Anatole France (“Three Poets”), translated
by A. W. Evans, first series (London and New York, 1922).

_Punch and Judy and Other Essays_ by Maurice Baring (New York, 1924).

_Studies in Literature_: “Some French Writers of Verse” by Edward
Dowden (London, 1892).

MOMMSEN (1902)

_The History of Rome_, translated with the author’s sanction and
additions by Rev. William P. Dickson (London, 1862, 1885; New York,
1869, 1908); (_Everyman’s Library_, London and New York, 1911,
1916); 5 Vols. (Charles Scribner’s Sons, New York, 1903).

_Rome, from Earliest Time to 40 B. C._, edited by Arthur C. Howland
(Philadelphia, 1906).

_The Provinces of the Roman Empire, from Cæsar to Diocletian_,
translated with the author’s sanction and additions by Rev. William
P. Dickson (New York, 1887; London and New York, 1909).

_Historical Essays_ by E. A. S. Freeman, second series, 3rd ed. (New
York and London, 1889).

_Some Eighteenth Century Byways and Other Essays_ by J. Buchan
(London, 1908).

_Theodor Mommsen: His Life and Work_ by Wm. W. Fowler (Edinburgh,
1909).

BJÖRNSON (1903)

_Novels_, in 13 Vols., edited by Edmund Gosse (London and New York,
1895-1909).

_Novels_, in 3 Vols., translated by R. B. Anderson, American edition
(Boston, 1881).

_Plays_, 2 series, translated by Edwin Björkman (New York, 1913,
1914).

_Plays_, 2 Vols., translated by R. Farquharson Sharp (_Everyman’s
Library_, London and New York, 1912).

_Poems and Songs_, translated from the Norwegian in the original
meters, by Arthur Hubbell Palmer (New York, 1915).

_Arne_, and _The Fisher Maiden_, translated by Walter Low, with
introduction (London and New York, 1894).

_Mary_, translated by Mary Morison (London and New York, 1910).

_Mary, Queen of Scots_, translated by August Sahlberg (Chicago, 1912).

_When the New Wine Blooms_, translated by Lee M. Hollander (_Poet
Lore_, Boston, 1911).

_The Heritage of the Kurts_, translated by Cecil Fairfax (London,
1908).

_The Wise Knut_, translated by Bernard Stahl (New York, 1909).

_Adventures in Criticism_ by A. T. Quiller-Couch, rev. ed. (New York,
1924).

_Björnstjerne Björnson_ by William Morton Payne (Chicago, 1910).

_Creative Spirits of the Nineteenth Century_ by Georg Brandes, rev.
ed. (New York, 1924).

_Northern Studies_ by Edmund Gosse (London, 1890).

MISTRAL (1904; shared with Echegaray)

_Œuvres de Frédéric Mistral, texte et traduction_ (Paris, 1887-1912).

_Le poème du Rhône, xii chants, texte, provençal et traduction
française_ (Paris, 1897).

_Mireille, poème provençal, illustré par Jean Droit_ (Paris, 1923).

_Mireio: a Provençal Poem_, translated by Harriet Waters Preston
(Boston, 1872; London, 1890).

_Mireio_, from the original Provençal, under the author’s sanction,
translated by C. H. Grant: “An English Version of Mr. Frédéric
Mistral’s _Mireio_” (Avignon, 1867).

_Mireille; a Pastoral Epic of Provence_, translated by H. Crichton
(London, 1868).

_Memoirs of Mistral_, rendered into English by Constance Elisabeth
Maud; lyrics from the Provençal by Alma Strettell (Mrs. Lawrence
Harrison) (New York, 1907).

Selections from _Mireio_, _Calendau_, and _Nerto_, translated by
Harriet Waters Preston, in _Library of the World’s Best Literature_,
edited by C. D. Warner, Vol. 17.

_Frédéric Mistral, Poet and Leader in Provence_, by C. A. Downer (New
York, 1901).

ECHEGARAY (1904; shared with Mistral)

_The Great Galeoto: Folly or Saintliness_, translated with
introduction by Hannah Lynch (Boston, 1895).

_Madman or Saint_, translated by Ruth Lansing (_Poet Lore_, Boston,
1912).

_Mariana_, translated by James Graham (Boston, 1895).

_Mariana_, translated by F. Sarda and C. D. S. Wupperman (New York,
1909).

_The Son of Don Juan_, translated by James Graham (Boston, 1895).

_The Street Singer_, translated by John Garrett Underhill (_Drama_,
Chicago, 1917); included in

_25 Short Plays_, edited by Frank Shay (New York, 1924).

_Always Ridiculous_, translated by T. W. Gilkyson (_Poet Lore_,
Boston, 1916).

_The World and His Wife_ (an American adaptation of _The Great
Galeoto_) by C. F. Neidlinger (New York, 1908).

_Representative Continental Dramas_, edited by Montrose J. Moses
(Boston, 1924).

_Masterpieces of Modern Spanish Drama_, edited by Barrett H. Clark
(London and New York, 1917).

_A Study of the Modern Drama_ by Barrett H. Clark (London and New
York, 1925).

_The Modern Drama in Europe_ by Storm Jameson (London and New York,
1920).

_Main Currents of Spanish Literature_ by J. D. M. Ford (New York,
1919).

_The Drama of Transition_ by Isaac Goldberg (Cincinnati, 1922).

_Masques and Mummers_ by C. F. Neidlinger (New York, 1899).

_Dramatic Opinions and Essays_ by G. Bernard Shaw (London and New
York, 1907).

_The Modern Drama_ by Ludwig Lewisohn (New York, 1915).

SIENKIEWICZ (1905)

Authorized and unabridged translations from the Polish by Jeremiah
Curtin: _With Fire and Sword_; _The Deluge_; _Pan Michael_; _Quo
Vadis_; _Without Dogma_; _In Desert and Wilderness_ (Little, Brown
& Co., Boston, 1890-1912).

_Quo Vadis_, translated by S. A. Binion and S. Malevsky
(Philadelphia, 1897).

_Hania_, short tales, translated by Jeremiah Curtin (Boston, 1897).

_Let Us Follow Him_, translated by Jeremiah Curtin (Boston, 1897).

_On the Field of Glory_, translated by Jeremiah Curtin (Boston, 1906).

_On the Bright Shore_, translated by Jeremiah Curtin (Boston, 1898).

_On the Bright Shore_, translated by S. C. de Soissons (New York,
1897).

_Pan Michael_, translated by S. A. Binion (New York, 1898, 1905).

_The Irony of Life_ (_Children of the Soil_), translated by N. M.
Babad (New York, 1900).

_In Desert and Wilderness_, translated by Max A. Drezmal (Boston,
1912, 1923).

_After Bread (For Daily Bread: Peasants in Exile)_ translated by
Vatslaf Z. Hlasko and Thomas H. Bullick (New York, 1897).

_The Third Woman_, translated by N. M. Babad (New York, 1898).

_Lillian Morris and Other Stories_, translated by Jeremiah Curtin
(Boston, 1895).

_Modern Polish Literature_, lectures by Roman Dyboski, Ch. II (Oxford
University Press, 1924).

CARDUCCI (1906)

_Carducci: a Selection of his Poems_, with three introductions, etc.,
translated by G. L. Bickersteth (London, 1913).

_Poems by Carducci_, translated with an introduction by Maud Holland
(New York, 1907).

_Poems of Giosuè Carducci_, with verse translations, notes and
introduction by Frank Sewall (New York, 1892).

_Poems of Italy_, selections from the odes of Giosuè Carducci,
translated by M. W. Arms (New York, 1906).

_Italy from the Poems of Joshua Carducci_, translated by E. A. Tribe
(Florence, 1912).

_A Selection from the Poems of Giosuè Carducci_, translated with
biographical introduction by Emily A. Tribe (London and New York,
1921).

_Selections from Carducci_, prose and poetry, with introductory notes
and vocabulary by A. Marinoni (New York, 1913).

_The Rime Nuove_ of Giosuè Carducci, translated from the Italian by
Laura Fullerton Gilbert (Boston, 1916).

_Italian Influences_ by Eugene Schuyler (New York, 1901).

_Italica; Studies in Italian Life and Letters_ by William Roscoe
Thayer (Boston, 1908).

_Giosuè Carducci_ by Orlo Williams (London, 1914).

“The Poetry of Carducci,” (_Edinburgh Review_, April, 1909).

KIPLING (1907)

_Kipling’s Collected Works_, 23 Vols., Outward Bound Edition (Charles
Scribner’s Sons; New York, 1897-1923).

_Writings in Prose and Verse_, 28 Vols., Pocket Edition (Doubleday,
Page & Co., Garden City, New York, 1898-1923).

The New World Edition, 13 Vols. (Doubleday, Page & Co., Garden City;
Toronto).

_Rudyard Kipling’s Verse_; Inclusive Edition (Garden City, New York,
1924).

_The Years Between_ (New York, 1919).

_American Notes_ (Boston, 1899).

_Independence_, Rectorial Address at St. Andrews (London and New
York, 1925).

_Letters of Travel_ (London and New York, 1920).

_Land and Sea Tales for Boys and Girls (for Scouts and Scoutmasters)_
(London and New York, 1923).

_The Irish Guards in the Great War_ (London and New York, 1923).

_The Fringes of the Fleet_ (London and New York, 1915).

_The Second Jungle Book_, decorated by John Lockwood Kipling (New
York, 1914).

_Selected Stories from Kipling_, edited by William Lyon Phelps (New
York, 1919, 1921).

_The Eyes of Asia_ (Garden City; New York, 1923).

_Mine Own People_, introduction by Henry James (New York, 1899).

_Essays in Little_ by Andrew Lang (London and New York, 1899).

_Heretics_ by Gilbert K. Chesterton (London and New York, 1919).

_Rudyard Kipling: a Criticism_ by Richard Le Gallienne (London and
New York, 1900).

_Shelburne Essays_, series II, by Paul Elmer More (New York, 1906).

EUCKEN (1908).

_Fundamental Concepts of Modern Philosophic Thought_, critically
and historically considered, translated by M. Stuart Phelps, with
introduction by Noah Porter (New York, 1880).

_Can We Still Be Christians?_ translated by Lucy Judge Gibson (New
York, 1914).

_Christianity and the New Idealism_, translated by Lucy Judge Gibson
and W. R. Boyce Gibson (London and New York, 1909, 1912).

_Collected Essays of Rudolf Eucken_, translated and edited by Meyrick
Booth (New York and London, 1914).

_Intellectual Movements of the Present Day_, translated by Meyrick
Booth (London, 1912).

_Knowledge and Life_, translated by Tudor Jones (London and New York,
1913).

_The Truth of Religion_, translated by Tudor Jones (New York, 1911).

_The Meaning and Value of Life_, translated by Lucy Judge Gibson and
W. R. Boyce Gibson (London and New York, 1909, 1911).

_The Problem of Human Life, as Viewed by the Great Thinkers from
Plato to the Present Time_, translated by W. S. Hough and W. R. B.
Gibson (New York, 1909, 1914).

_Life’s Basis and Life’s Ideal_, translated by Alban G. Widgery
(London, 1912).

_Naturalism or Idealism?_ (Nobel lecture) translated by Alban G.
Widgery (Cambridge, England, 1912).

_Deems Lectures_, delivered in 1913 at New York University,
translated by Margaret von Seidewitz (New York, 1913), English
edition by W. Tudor Jones (London, 1913), entitled, _Present-Day
Ethics in their Relation to the Spiritual Life_.

_Main Currents of Modern Thought_, translated by Meyrick Booth
(London, 1912).

_Socialism; an Analysis_, translated by Joseph McCabe (London and New
York, 1922).

_Rudolf Eucken: His Life, Work and Travels_ by himself; translated by
Joseph McCabe (London and New York, 1921, 1922).

_Rudolf Eucken: His Philosophy and Influence_ by Meyrick Booth (New
York, 1913).

_Eucken and Bergson; Their Significance for Christian Thought_ by E.
Hermann (Boston, 1912).

SELMA LAGERLÖF (1909)

The Northland Edition of Selma Lagerlöf’s _Works_, 11 Vols.
(Doubleday, Page & Co., Garden City, New York).

_Christ Legends_, translated by Velma Swanston Howard (New York,
1908).

_Gösta Berling’s Saga_, or _The Story of Gösta Berling_, translated
by Pauline Bancroft Flach (London; New York, 1910, 1918).

_Invisible Links_, translated by Pauline Bancroft Flach (Boston,
1899; New York).

_From a Swedish Homestead_, translated by Jessie Brochner (London and
New York, 1901).

_Jerusalem_, translated by Velma Swanston Howard (Garden City, New
York, 1915, 1918).

_Jerusalem_, translated by Jessie Brochner (London, 1903).

_Holy City: Jerusalem II_, translated by Velma Swanston Howard
(Garden City, New York, 1918).

_Liliecrona’s Home_, translated by Anna Barwell (New York, 1914).

_Mårbacka_, translated by Velma Swanston Howard (Garden City, New
York, 1924).

_Miracles of Antichrist_, translated by Pauline Bancroft Flach
(Boston, 1899, Garden City, New York).

_The Emperor of Portugallia_, translated by Velma Swanston Howard
(Garden City, New York, 1916).

_The Girl from the Marshcroft_, translated by Velma Swanston Howard
(New York, 1916).

_The Outcast_, translated by W. W. Worster (Garden City, New York,
1922).

_The Treasure_, translated by Arthur G. Chater (Garden City, New
York, 1925).

_The Wonderful Adventures of Nils_; _Further Adventures of Nils_,
translated by Velma Swanston Howard (Garden City, New York, 1907,
1911, 1920).

_Selma Lagerlöf: The Woman, Her Work, Her Message_ by Harry E. Maule
(Garden City, New York, 1917).

_Voices of Tomorrow_ by Edwin Björkman (New York, 1913).

PAUL HEYSE (1910)

_Deutschen Novellenschatz_, 24 Vols., edited by Max Lentz (New York,
1899).

_L’Arrabiata_, edited by Mary A. Frost with notes and introduction
(New York, 1896).

_L’Arrabiata_, translated by Vivian Elsie Lyon (New York, 1916).

_L’Arrabiata_, edited by W. W. Flower (Ann Arbor, 1922).

_At the Ghost Hour_ and _The Fair Abigail_, translated by Frances A.
Van Santford (New York, 1894).

_A Divided Heart and Other Stories_, translated by Constance S.
Copeland (New York, 1894).

_Mary of Magdala_, translated by W. Winter (New York, 1904).

_Barbarossa and Other Tales_ by L. C. S. (London, 1874).

_Mary of Magdala_, an historical and romantic drama in 5 acts;
adapted in England by Lionel Vale (New York, 1902).

_Tales from the German of Paul Heyse_ (D. Appleton & Co., New York,
1879).

Study of Paul Heyse in _German Classics_, edited by Kuno Francke
(German Publishing Co., New York).

_Creative Spirits of the Nineteenth Century_ by Georg Brandes (New
York, new ed., 1925).

MAETERLINCK (1911)

_Works of Maurice Maeterlinck_, 27 Vols., in two editions, cloth and
leather (Dodd, Mead & Co.; London and New York) includes essays,
plays, poems, children’s books; interpreted by several translators,
including Alfred Sutro, Alexander Teixeira de Mattos, Bernard Miall,
Montrose J. Moses.

_Plays of Maurice Maeterlinck_, translated and edited with
introduction, by Richard Hovey (Chicago, 1894, 2 vols.; New York,
1911).

_Joyzelle_, translated by Charlotte Porter (_Poet Lore_, xv, iii,
Boston).

_Three Little Dramas for Marionettes_, translated by Alfred Sutro and
William Archer (Chicago and London, 1899).

_Life and Writings of Maurice Maeterlinck_ by Jethro Bithell (London,
1913).

_Maurice Maeterlinck: Poet and Philosopher_ by MacDonald Clark (New
York, 1916).

_The Symbolist Movement in Literature_ by Arthur Symons (London and
New York, 1899; New York, 1917).

_Maurice Maeterlinck: A Study_ by Montrose J. Moses (New York, 1911).

_Dramatists of Today_ by E. E. Hale, Jr. (New York, 1905).

_Iconoclasts_ by James Huneker (New York, 1905).

_Varied Types_ by Gilbert K. Chesterton (New York, 1905).

_Essays on Modern Dramatists_ by William Lyon Phelps (New York, 1921).

_A Study of the Modern Drama_ by Barrett H. Clark (New York, 1925).

_The Modern Drama_ by Ludwig Lewisohn (New York, 1915).

HAUPTMANN (1912)

_The Dramatic Works of Gerhart Hauptmann_, 8 Vols., edited by Ludwig
Lewisohn, translations by Lewisohn and others (Huebsch, New York,
1906-1925).

_Hannele_, translated by William Archer (London, 1894).

_Hannele_, translated by Charles Henry Meltzer (New York, 1908).

_The Assumption of Hannele_, translated by G. S. Bryan (_Poet Lore_,
Boston, 1909).

_The Sunken Bell_, translated with introduction by Charles Henry
Meltzer (New York, 1899; Garden City, 1914).

_The Sunken Bell_; _Elga_; _And Pippa Dances_, all translated by Mary
Harned (_Poet Lore_, Boston, 1898, 1906, 1909).

_The Weavers_, translated by Mary Morison (included in _Chief
Contemporary Dramatists_ edited by Thomas H. Dickinson; Boston,
1915).

_Parsival_, translated by Oakley Williams (New York, 1915).

_The Coming of Peace_, translated by Janet A. Church and C. E.
Wheeler (Chicago and London, 1900).

_The Fool in Christ: Emanuel Quint_, a novel, translated by Thomas
Seltzer (New York, 1911).

_Phantom_, a novel translated by Bayard Quincy Morgan (New York,
1922).

_Atlantis_, a novel translated by Adele and Thomas Seltzer (Huebsch,
New York, 1912).

_The Island of the Great Mother_, translated by Willa and Edwin Muir
(Huebsch, The Viking Press, New York, 1925).

_Gerhart Hauptmann: His Life and His Work_ by Karl Holl (London,
1913).

_Studies in Modern German Literature_ by Otto Heller (Boston and New
York, 1905).

_Glimpses of Modern German Culture_ by Kuno Francke (New York, 1898).

_Naturalism in the Recent German Drama_, with special reference to
Gerhart Hauptmann, by Alfred Stoeckius (New York, 1903).

_Gerhart Hauptmann and John Galsworthy: a Parallel_ by W. R.
Trumbauer (University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, 1917).

_Nature Background in the Dramas of Hauptmann_, by Mary Agnes Quimby
(University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, 1918).

_A Study of the Modern Drama_ by Barrett H. Clark (New York, 1925).

RABINDRANATH TAGORE (1913)

_Writings of Rabindranath Tagore_, 20 Vols. (The Macmillan Co.,
London and New York).

_Gitanjali_, translated by author, with introduction by W. B. Yeats
(London and New York, 1913, 1916).

_The Crescent Moon: Child-Poems_ translated from original Bengali by
author (New York, 1913, 1916).

_Japan; a Lecture_ (London and New York, 1916).

_Nationalism in the West and Japan_ (London and New York, 1917).

_My Reminiscences_ (London and New York, 1917).

_Rabindranath Tagore: a Biographical Study_ by Earnest Rhys (New
York, 1915).

_Rabindranath Tagore: the Man and His Poetry_ by B. K. Roy (New York,
1915).

_Glimpses of Bengal_, selected from letters of Rabindranath Tagore
(London and New York, 1921).

_Mahatma Gandhi: The Man Who Became One with the Universal Being_
(comparison of Tagore and Gandhi) by Romain Rolland, translated by
Catherine D. Groth (New York, 1924).

_The Philosophy of Rabindranath Tagore_ by Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan
(London, 1918).

ROMAIN ROLLAND (1915: no award in 1914)

Many of the novels and studies by Rolland are published by Henry Holt
and Co., (New York).

_Jean-Christophe_, 3 Vols., translated by Gilbert Cannan (London and
New York, 1910, 1916).

_The Fourteenth of July and Danton_, authorized translation by
Barrett H. Clark (New York, 1918).

_Pierre and Luce_, translated by Charles De Kay (New York, 1922).

_Tolstoy_, translated by Bernard Miall (London and New York, 1911).

_The People’s Theatre_, translated by Barrett H. Clark (London and
New York, 1918, 1919).

_The Wolves; a Play_, translated by Barrett H. Clark (Drama, 1917,
No. 32).

_The Life of Michael Angelo_, translated by Frederic Lees (London and
New York, 1912).

_Colas Breugnon_, translated by Katherine Miller (New York, 1919).

_Clerambault: the Story of an Independent Spirit during the War_,
translated by Katherine Miller (London and New York, 1921).

_Liluli_, with wood engravings by Frans Masereel (New York, 1920).

_Above the Battle_, translated by C. K. Ogden (Chicago, 1916).

_Above the Battlefield_, with introduction by G. L. Dickinson
(Cambridge, England, 1914).

_The Forerunner_, a sequel to _Above the Battle_, translated by Eden
and Cedar Paul (New York, 1920).

_Some Musicians of Former Days_, translated by Mary Blaiklock (London
and New York, 1915).

_Annette and Silvie_ (_The Soul Enchanted: L’âme enchantée_)
translated by Ben Ray Redman (New York, 1925).

_Summer_, translated by Eleanor Strinson and Wyck Brooks (New York,
1925).

_Mahatma Gandhi: The Man Who Became One with the Universal Being_,
translated by Catherine D. Groth (London and New York, 1924).

_Romain Rolland: the Man and His Work_ by Stefan Zweig, translated by
Eden and Cedar Paul (New York, 1921).

HEIDENSTAM (1916)

_Sweden’s Laureate: Selected Poems_, translated with introduction by
Charles Wharton Stork (Yale University Press, New Haven, 1919).

_The Charles Men_, translated by Charles Wharton Stork, with
introduction by Fredrik Böök (New York, 1920).

_A King and His Campaigners_, translated by Axel Tegnier (London,
1902).

_The Soothsayer_, translated by Karoline M. Knudsen (Boston, 1919).

_The Birth of God_, translated by Karoline M. Knudsen (Boston, 1920).

_The Tree of the Folkungs_, translated by Arthur G. Chater (New York,
1925).

HENRIK PONTOPPIDAN (1917)

_Reisebilder aus Dänemark_ (1890).

_The Apothecary’s Daughter_, translated into English by C. L. Nielson
(London, 1890).

_Emanuel or Children of the Soil_, From the Danish, translated by
Mrs. Edgar Lucas (London, 1896).

_The Promised Land_, From the Danish, translated by Mrs. Edgar Lucas
(with illustrations by Nellie Ericsen) (London, 1896).

_Hans Im Glück_, Ein Romane, ubersetzung von Mathilde Mann: I, II
(Leipzig, 1906).

_Der alte Adam_, zwei Roman, ubersetzung von Rich. Guttmann (München,
1912).

_Aus jungen Tagen_, ubersetzung von Mathilde Mann (Leipzig, 1913).

KARL GJELLERUP (1917)

_Die Opferfeuer_, Ein Legenden-Stück (Leipzig, 1903).

_Der Pilger Kamanita_, Ein Legendenroman (Frankfurt, 1907).

_The Pilgrim Kamanita_, a legendary romance, translated by John E.
Logie (London, 1911).

_Das Weib des Vollendeten_, Ein Legendenroman (Frankfurt, 1907).

_Reif für das Leben_ (Jena, 1916).

_Der goldene Zweig_, Dichtung und Novellenkranz aus der Zeit des
Kaisers Tiberius (Leipzig, 1917).

_Minna_, a novel, translated by C. L. Neilson (London, 1913).

_Die Gottesfreundin_ (Leipzig, 1918).

_An der Grenze_, Roman (Leipzig, 1919).

_Romulus_; ubersetzung von Margarete Böttger (Leipzig, 1924).

NOTE: the bibliographical lists above on Pontoppidan and Gjellerup have been prepared for the compiler through the courtesy of the Royal Library (the Danish National Library) of Copenhagen.

CARL SPITTELER (1919: no award in 1918)

_Prometheus und Epimetheus_ (Jena 1881, 1924).

_Balladen_ (Zürich, 1906).

_Imago_ (Jena, 1906, 1919).

_Olympian Spring_ (_Olympischer Frühling_) (Jena, 1900, 1911, 1920).

_Two Little Misogynists_, translated by Mme. la Vicomtesse Le
Roquette-Buisson, with decorations by A. Helene Carter (New York,
1922).

_Meine Frühesten Erlebnisse_: or _My Earliest Experiences_ (Jena,
1914, 1920).

Study of Carl Spitteler in _The German Classics_, edited by Kuno
Francke (Vol. XIV: New York, 1914). With some translations.

_Studies from Ten Literatures_ by Ernest Boyd (New York, 1925).

_Carl Spitteler_: Monograph (in German) by Eugen Diederichs Verlag in
Jena.

_Contemporary Review_, January, 1920.

KNUT HAMSUN (1920)

The writings of Hamsun, in American edition, are issued largely by
Alfred A. Knopf (New York).

_Hunger_, translated by George Egerton (pseudonym) with introduction
by Edwin Björkman (London, 1899, New York, 1920).

_Pan_, translated by W. W. Worster (New York, 1921).

_Victoria_, translated by Arthur G. Chater (New York, 1923).

_Children of the Time_, translated by J. S. Scott (New York, 1924).

_Dreamers_, translated by W. W. Worster (New York, 1921). (English
title, _Mothwise_, London, 1921).

_Shallow Soil_, translated by Carl Christian Hylested (London and New
York, 1914).

_Growth of the Soil_, translated by W. W. Worster (London and New
York, 1921).

_Segelfoss Town_, translated by J. S. Scott (London, 1921, New York,
1925).

_In the Grip of Life_ (play), translated by Graham and Tristam Rawson
(New York, 1924).

_Knut Hamsun: a Study_ by Hanna Astrup Larsen (New York, 1922).

_Knut Hamsun; His Personality and His Outlook upon Life_ by Josef
Wiehr, _Smith College Studies in Modern Languages_ (Northampton,
1922).

ANATOLE FRANCE (1921)

The writings of Anatole France are appearing, in the Tours Edition,
issued by Dodd, Mead & Co., New York.

Another edition, already complete, by the same publishers, is the
Library Edition (31 Vols.).

Other volumes by same publishers, include:

_At the Sign of the Reine Pédauque_, illustrated by Frank C. Pape
(New York).

_Honey Bee; a Fairy Story for Children_, translated by Mrs. John
Lane, illustrated by Florence Lundborg.

_Joan of Arc_, translated by Winifred Stephens; 2 Vols.

_On Life and Letters_, Series I and II translated by A. W. Evans,
Series III translated by D. B. Stewart, Series IV translated by
Bernard Miall (London and New York, 1923-25).

_Anatole France; the Man and His Work_ by James Lewis May (London and
New York, 1924).

_The Opinions of Anatole France_, recorded by Paul Gsell (London and
New York, 1924).

_Anatole France Himself: a Boswellian Record_ by Jean-Jacques
Brousson (Philadelphia, 1925).

_French Novelists of Today_ by Winifred Stephens (London and New
York, 1908).

_Egoists_ by James Huneker (New York, 1909).

_Studies in Ten Literatures_ by Ernest Boyd (New York, 1925).

_Those Europeans_ by Sisley Huddlestone (London and New York, 1924).

BENAVENTE (1922)

_Plays_ by Jacinto Benavente, translated with introduction by John
Garrett Underhill; four series, including his best plays (Charles
Scribner’s Sons, New York: 1917, 1925).

_The Bonds of Interest_ is reprinted in _Chief Contemporary
Dramatists_, Series II, edited by Thomas H. Dickinson (Boston,
1921), and, also, in _Representative Continental Dramas_, edited by
Montrose J. Moses (Boston, 1924).

_His Widow’s Husband_, translated by John Garrett Underhill, is
reprinted in _Fifty Contemporary One-Act Plays_, edited by Shay and
Loving (Cincinnati, 1920).

_Nobody Knows What He Wants_, or _The Dancer and the Doer_ (1925).

_The Smile of Mona Lisa_, translated by John Armstrong Herman,
_Contemporary Dramatists_ Series (Boston, 1915, 1919).

_Jacinto Benavente_ by Walter Starkie (Oxford University Press, 1925).

_Modern Drama in Europe_ by Storm Jameson (New York, 1920).

_The Drama of Transition_ by Isaac Goldberg (Cincinnati, 1922).

_Main Currents of Spanish Literature_ by J. D. W. Ford (New York,
1919).

_A Study of the Modern Drama_ by Barrett H. Clark (New York, 1925).

YEATS (1923)

The writings of Yeats; plays, poems, essays and “controversies” are
issued in varied editions by the Macmillan Co., London and New York.

_John Sherman and Dhoya_, by Ganconagh (pseudonym) (London and New
York, 1891).

_Reveries over Childhood and Youth_ (New York, 1916).

_Plays in Prose and Verse_, written for the Irish Theatre, and
generally with the help of a friend (London, 1922; New York, 1924).

_The Land of Heart’s Desire_ (London, 1894; Boston, 1894; Chicago,
1894; Portland, Maine, 1913).

_Responsibilities_ (London and New York, 1916).

_Selected Poems_ (New York, 1921).

_William Butler Yeats; a Critical Study_ by Forrest Reid (New York,
1915).

_Twenty-Five Years; Reminiscences_ by Katherine Tynan Hinkson (New
York, 1914).

_William Butler Yeats and the Irish Literary Revival_ by Horatio
Sheafe Kraus (London, 1905).

_Studies in Prose and Verse_ by Arthur Symons (London, 1904).

_William Butler Yeats; a Literary Study_ by C. Wrenn (London, 1920).

REYMONT (1924)

_The Peasants: Autumn; Winter; Spring; Summer_, translated by Michael
H. Dziewicki (Knopf, New York, 1924-1925).

_The Comedienne_, translated by Edmund Obecuy (Putnams, New York,
1920).

Tales by Reymont in Oxford University _World’s Classics_ (1921).

Extracts from _The Promised Land_ in _Modern Slavonic Literature_,
edited by Paul Selver (London, 1921).

_Modern Polish Literature_; A Course of Lectures at King’s College,
London, by Roman Dyboski Ch. III (Cambridge, England, 1924).

INDEX

Abbey Theatre, The, 259

_Above the Battle_, 185

_Across the Prairies_, 266

_Actions and Reactions_, 95, 101

Adams, Mme. Juliette, 7

_Adventures in Criticism_, 65, 66

_After Bread_, 268

Ahlsell, Karoline Henriette, 2

Aix, 32

Aldrich, Thomas Bailey, 262

_Alladine and Palomides_, 152

_Always Ridiculous_, 245

_Ame Enchantée, L’_, 186

American-Scandinavian Foundation, 193

_American-Scandinavian Review_, 198, 201, 202

_Amethyst Ring, The_, 225, 233

Anatole France, 25, 224-238, 264

_Anatole France Himself_, 226, 227, 230

_Anatole France: The Man and His Work_, 25, 229

_And Pippa Dances_, 136, 145

Andersen, Hans Christian, 197

Anderson, Vilhelm, 198

_Annette and Sylvie_, 186

_Anthology of Modern Slavonic Literature_, 270

_Appointment, The_, 29

Archer, William, 139

_Ariadne and Blue Beard_, 157

Ariosto, 33

Arles, 36, 37, 39

_Arme Heinrich, Der_, 143

_Arne_, 20, 61, 62, 66

_Arrabiata, L’_, 128, 130

_Art of Versification, The_, 27

_Assumption of Hannele, The_, 135, 139

_Atlantis_, 146, 206

_At the Gates of the Kingdom_, 219

_At the Ghost Hour_, 129

_At the Hilt of the Sword_, 240

_At the Sign of the Reine Pédauque_, 225, 233

_August_, 1914, 192

_Autumn_, 270, 272, 273

_Autumnal Roses_, 248

Avignon, 32

Baku, 2

Balestier, Caroline, 93

Balestier, Wolcott, 93, 94

_Balladen_, 208

Balzac, 129

_Bankrupt, The_, 67, 68

_Banquet of Wild Beasts, The_, 247

Baring, Maurice, 30

Barrès, Maurice, 235

Barwell, Anna, 118

Basel, 205, 206, 207

_Baucis and Philemon_, 132

_Bearers of German Idealism, The_, 54

Beethoven, 173, 181, 203, 206

_Before Dawn_, 134, 138

_Belgium at War_, 156

_Bellman Ballads_, 108

_Bell Songs_, 211

Benavente, Jacinto, 240, 247-252, 264

Bennett, Arnold, 101

_Benoni_, 214

Bergson, Henri, 55, 157

_Betrothal, The_, 154

_Beyond Human Power_, 59, 69

Bickersteth, G. L., 74, 75, 76, 84

_Binding of the Hair, The_, 261

Binion, S. A., 268

_Birth of God, The_, 195

Bismarck, 44

Björkman, Edwin, 69, 70, 132, 197, 217, 219

Björnson, Björnstjerne, 19, 20, 58-71, 87, 93, 193, 215, 253, 264

Blake, William, 262

_Blind, The_, 132, 152, 153

_Bloom of Life, The_, 225

_Blue Bird, The_, 153

Bodö, 214, 215

Bojer, Johan, 222

Bologna, 72, 75, 82

Bolpur, 162, 164, 174

_Bonds of Interest, The_, 249, 251

_Bonheur, Le_, 24, 25

Boni, Albert, 28

Boyd, Ernest, 206, 249

Brahm, Otto, 138

_Brand_, 199

Brandes, Edward, 197, 199, 217

Brandes, Georg, 61, 127, 133, 197, 201, 235

Brattleboro, 93, 94

Bréal, Michael, 178

Breslau, 137

_Broken Men, The_, 93

Brooks, Van Wyck, 186

Brousson, Jean-Jacques, 226, 236

_Brushwood_, 217

_Brushwood Boy, The_, 95

Buchan, John, 45, 46

Burckhardt, Jacob, 206

_Burgomaster at Stilemonde, The_, 156

Burns, Robert, 41

_Butterflies_, 207, 211, 212

_By the Grave (or Urn) of Shelley_, 78

Byrne, Donn, 254

_Cahiers de la Quinzaine_, 179

Calderon, 126, 242

_Calendau_, 37

_Caligula_, 178

_Can We Still Be Christians?_, 52, 55

Cannan, Gilbert, 180, 181, 183

_Captains Courageous_, 96

_Captured_, 194

Carducci, Giosuè, 72-84

Carman, Bliss, 152, 153

Carrington, H., 28

Carter, A. Helene, 207

_Cathleen ni Hoolihan_, 259

Celtic revival, 253, 254

_Celtic Twilight, The_, 261

Chaitanya Deva, 174

_Charles Men, The_, 193, 194

Chater, Arthur G., 121, 189, 196

Cheshire Cheese Club, 258

Chesterton, Gilbert K., 86

_Children of the Age_, 214, 220

_Children of the Soil_, 267

_Chitra_, 167

Chopin, 265

Christiania, 15, 60, 216

_Christianity and the New Idealism_, 54

_Christ Legends_, 116

Clamecy, 176

Clark, Barrett H., 138, 147, 179, 197, 239, 250

_Classicism and Teutonism_, 194

Claudel, Paul, 177

_Clerambault_, 186

_Clipped Wings_, 198, 199

_Cloud that Lifted, The_, 156

_Code of Statutes_, 9, 10, 11, 13, 14

_Colas Breugnon_, 184

_Colberg_, 131

_Colleague Crampton_, 136, 138

Colum, Padraic, 254

Columbia University, 53

_Comedienne, The_, 270

_Comprehensive Lexicon of Ancient and Modern Provençal_, 40

Conrad, Michael Georg, 211

Copenhagen, 198, 199, 200, 217

Coppée, François, 26, 232

_Corpus inscriptionum Latinarum_, 45

_Cradle Songs_, 195

_Creative Philosophy_, 55

_Creative Spirits of the Nineteenth Century_, 61, 65, 127, 128, 133

_Creative Unity_, 169, 171

_Crescent Moon, The_, 168, 169

_Crime of Sylvestre Bonnard, The_, 227-231

_Critica ed arte_, 76

_Cuchulain of Muirthemne_, 255

Curtin, Jeremiah, 267, 268

Dalecarlia, 114

Danish Royal Theatre, 197

Dante, 76, 77, 126

_Danton_, 178

Darwin, Charles, 201

Daudet, Alphonse, 40

_Day’s Work, The_, 86, 95, 99

_Death of Tintagiles_, The, 152, 158

_Deirdre_, 259, 260

_Deluge_, The, 266

_Departmental Ditties_, 90, 91

Devereux, Roy, 265

_Doll’s House, A_, 249

_Don Juan_, 202

_Doubtful Virtue_, 251

Dowden, Edward, 26

Doyle, Sir Arthur Conan, 94

_Dreamer, The_, 275

_Dreamers, The_, 214, 221

Dresden, 201, 203, 204

Dreyfus case, 179, 233

Dublin, 256, 257, 258

Dunsany, Lord, 254

Dyboski, Roman, 274, 275

Dynamite, 4, 5

Dynicwicz, C. W., 267

Dziewicki, M. H., 270

“Eagle’s Flight,” 200

Echegaray, José, 13, 31, 239-246, 264

_Eddas, The_, 201, 202

_Editor Lynge_, 218

_Editor, The_, 59, 67

_Emanuel, or Children of the Soil_, 267

_Emanuel Quint_, 146

Emerson, Ralph Waldo, 150

_Emigrants, The_, 223

_Emperor of Portugallia, The_, 110, 111, 119

_Endymion_, 193, 209

_English Flag, The_, 88

Erichsen, Nelly, 200

Ericsson, John, 3, 4

Ervine, St. John, 254

_Essays in Little_, 92

_Essays on Modern Dramatists_, 154

_Essays upon the Fine Arts_, 27

_Ethics and Modern Thought_, 55

Eucken, Rudolf, 48-57

Eugen Diederichs Verlag in Jena, 205, 211

Evans, A. W., 26

Expressionism, 250

Extramundana, 207

_Eyes of Asia_, 90, 100

Farr, Florence, 259

Fay, William, 259

Fenger, Harald, 203

Félibres, The, 32

_Felice_, 131

“Felix Tandem,” 206

_Ferments_, 275

_Field of Ermine_, 248, 252

Fischer, Kuno, 51

_Fisher Maiden, The_, 61, 66, 68

_Five Nations, The_, 97

Flach, Pauline Bancroft, 112

_Florian Geyer_, 138, 141

_Folly or Saintliness_, 241

_For Daily Bread_, 268

_Forest Murmurs_, 194

Founder’s Day, 15

France, Anatole (_see_ Anatole France)

Francke, Kuno, 208

Freeman, E. A., 45, 46

French Academy, 22, 24, 39, 151, 211

_French Mons_, 194

_From a Swedish Homestead_, 112, 113

_From Sea to Sea_, 195

_From the Notebook of a Posen_, 266

Frost, Mary A., 128

_Fundamental Ideas of the Present Day_, 51

_Further Adventures of Nils_, 116, 117

Galdós, Pérez-, 239, 244

_Gallery, A_, 101

Galsworthy, John, 145, 146

_Gandhi, Mahatma_, 185

_Gardener, The_, 159, 163, 172, 174

_Gauntlet, A_, 69

_German Classics_, 208

_Germinal_, 272

Ghent, 149

_Ghosts_, 199, 243

Gibson, Lucy Judge, 54

Gibson, W. R. Boyce, 54

Gilkyson, T. W., 245

_Girl from the Marshcroft, The_, 122

_Gitanjali_, 164, 165, 172, 174

Gjellerup, Karl, 13, 201-204

_Gods and Fighting Men_, 255

_Gods Are Athirst, The_, 233

Goethe, 76, 132, 181, 210

Gonski, Casimir, 267

_Gora_, 173

Gosse, Sir Edmund, 61, 62

_Governor’s Wife, The_, 249

Graham, James, 244

_Great Galeoto, The_, 242, 243

Gregory, Lady, 253, 254, 255, 256, 259, 260

Groth, Catherine D., 185

_Growth of the Soil_, 214, 220, 221

Gsell, Paul, 225, 235

Guedalla, Philip, 101

Guiney, Dorothy Frances, 28

_Gustav_, 207

_Hadrian_, 131

_Halta Hulda_, 67

Hamsun, Knut, 213-223, 264

_Hania_, 267

_Hannele_, 139, 141

Hannibal, 46, 47

_Hans Alienus_, 193

_Hans Lange_, 131

_Happy Boy, A_, 20, 61, 63, 66

Hardy, Thomas, 85, 272

Harnack, Adolf, 55

Harned, Mary, 145

Harvard University, 53, 98

Hauptmann, Gerhart, 133-147, 185, 240, 264

Hearn, Lafcadio, 231

Heidelberg, 206

Heidenstam, Verner von, 87, 189-196, 254

Heine, 76

Heller, Otto, 135

Henley, W. E., 258

_Henry of Aue_, 143, 144

_Heretic of Soana, The_, 146

_Heretics_, 86, 87

Hermann, E., 55

Heyse, Paul, 124-133, 155, 240, 264

Hinkson, Katherine Tynan, 258

_Histoire comique_, 237

_Histoire contemporaine_, 237

_Historical Significance of the German People, The_, 54

_History of Rome_, 44, 45, 46

Hodge, Thekla E., 209, 211

Holland, Maud, 82

_Hombrecito, El_, 249

_Hour-Glass, The_, 255, 259

Hovey, Richard, 152, 153

Howard, Velma Swanston, 105, 106, 111, 114, 122

Huddlestone, Sisley, 238

Hughes, Rupert, 271, 274

Hugo, Victor, 24, 30, 244

_Human Comedy, The_, 225

Huneker, James, 237

_Hunger_, 214, 217, 219

Hyde, Douglas, 253, 254, 255, 259

_Hymn to Satan_, 75

Ibsen, Henrik, 58, 60, 65, 136, 199, 243, 249

Idealism in literature, 10, 19, 21, 22, 49, 86, 105, 133, 205, 246,
251, 253

_Ideals in Ireland_, 253, 254

_Ideas of Good and Evil_, 258, 261

_If_, 87

_Imago_, 208

_Im Paradiese_, 129, 130

_Independence_, 102

_In Desert and Wilderness_, 269

_In God’s Way_, 66

_In Tartar Captivity_, 266

_In the Grip of Life_, 220

_In the Seven Woods_, 262

_Intruder, The_, 152, 158

_In Vain_, 269

_Invisible Links_, 111, 112

_Irish Melodies_, 203

_Island of the Great Mother_, 146

_Isles d’or, Les_, 38

_Italian Influences_, 77

Jameson, Storm, 239, 249, 251

_Janko, the Musician_, 266

Jasmin, Jacques, 32

_Jean-Christophe_, 175, 177, 178, 180, 181, 182, 184

Jena University, 51

_Jerusalem_, 113, 114

_John of Abyssinia_, 206

_John Sherman_, 256

Johnson, Lionel, 258

_Joyzelle_, 153, 154, 155

_Jungle Books, The_, 94, 96

_Justice, La_, 24

_Just So Stories_, 96

_Karen Borneman_, 197

Kasprowicz, Jan, 272

Keats, John, 262

Keller, Gottfried, 210

_Kim_, 86, 96

_Kinder der Welt_, 128, 132

_Kingdom of the Dead, The_, 199

_King of the Dark Chamber_, 172

_King, The_, 67

Kipling, Alice MacDonald, 89

Kipling, Caroline Balestier, 94, 95

Kipling, John Lockwood, 89, 97

Kipling, Rudyard, 18, 85-103

_Knights of the Cross_, 268

Knudson, Karoline M., 189, 195

_Knut Hamsun; A Study_, 216

_Knut Hamsun: His Personality and His Outlook upon Life_, 214, 216,
218, 222

Kvikne, 59

Lady Gregory (_see_ Gregory)

Lagerlöf, Selma, 104-123, 254

Lahore, 89, 90, 91

Lamartine, 33, 38

_Lame Hulda_, 67

_Land and Sea Tales for Scouts_, etc., 87, 100

_Land of Heart’s Desire, The_, 255, 259, 260

Lang, Andrew, 92

Lansing, Ruth, 239, 241

Larsen, Hanna Arstrup, 216, 218

_Last Centaur, The_, 131, 132

_Last of the Vikings, The_, 223

_Laughing Truth_, 207

_Lay Down Your Arms_, 7

_Lay of the Leader_, 275

_Legendary Romance, A_, 202

Letts, Winifred, 254

_Let Us Follow Him_, 267

_Library of the World’s Best Literature_, 35, 241

_Life of Jeanne d’Arc, The_, 225, 233, 236

_Life of the Bee, The_, 156

_Life of the Spirit, The_, 52

_Life’s Basis and Life’s Ideals_, 52

_Life’s Handicap_, 86

_Life’s Play_, 219

_Liliecrona’s Home_, 118, 119

_Liluli_, 185

_Literary Ideals in Ireland_, 263

_Little Pierre_, 225

“Litwos,” 266

Lofoden Islands, 214, 215

_Lonely Lives_, 134, 136

_Loups, Les_, 179

Lowell Institute, 53

Lucas, Mrs. Edgar, 200

Lucerne, 207

_Lucky Peter_, 199

Lucretius, 24

Lynch, Hannah, 239, 241

_Mädchenfeinde_, 207, 208

_Madman or Saint_, 241

Madrid, 240, 243, 248

Maeterlinck, Maurice, 148-158, 250

_Magic of an Hour, The_, 248, 251

_Magnhild_, 66

_Mahatma Gandhi_, 170

_Malquerida, La_, 248

_Many Inventions_, 94

_Mårbacka_, 105

_Mariana_, 242, 244

_Mary_, 70

_Mary of Magdala_, 131

_Mary Magdalene_, 154, 155

Masereel, Frans, 186

Massis, Henri, 235

Mattos, Alex. Teixeira de, 157

Maubel, Henri, 149

Maud, Constance Elizabeth, 39

May, James Lewis, 25, 225, 237

McCabe, Joseph, 49, 55

_Meaning and Value of Life, The_, 54

Meltzer, Charles Henry, 139

_Mémoires d’une idéaliste_, 177

_Memoirs of Mistral_, 39

Meredith, George, 35, 36, 85

_Merlin_, 26

_Mes origines_, 39

Meyer, Conrad, 210

Meysenburg, Malwida von, 177

Miall, Bernard, 157, 177

_Michael Kramer_, 135

Michelson, A. A., 18

Miller, Katherine, 184, 186

Milnes, Turquet, 157

“Mimosas,” 200

_Minna_, 202, 203

Mirabeau, Octave, 150

_Miracles of Antichrist_, 111

_Mireio_, 20, 31, 33-36, 93

Mistral, Frédéric, 13, 20, 31-41, 72, 87, 93, 240, 253

_Modern Book of French Verse, The_, 28, 29

_Modern Drama in Europe_, 239, 249

_Modern Polish Literature_, 274

Mommsen, Theodor, 42-48, 79

_Monna Vanna_, 155

Monod, Gabriel, 176

_Montespan, The_, 185

Moore, George, 253, 259

Moore, Thomas, 203, 204, 258

Morgan, Bayard Quincy, 146

Moses, Montrose J., 150, 151

Muir, Edwin, 146

Muir, Willa, 146

Munich, 126, 130

_Munken Vendt_, 219

Münsterberg, Marguerite, 210

_Musicians of Former Days_, 178

_Musicians of Today_, 178

_My Friend’s Book_, 225, 230, 232

_My Reminiscences_, 160, 169

_Mysteries_, 214, 218

Napoleon III, 5

_Naturalism or Idealism?_, 56, 57

_Naulahka, The_, 93

Nawench, A. M., 271

_Necklace of Stars, The_, 249

_Nero_, 268

_Nerto_, 31, 38

_Newly-Married Couple, The_, 67, 68

_New Soil_, 217

Nielson, C. L., 203

_Nietzsche_, 205, 207

_Nimäi_, 174

_Niobe_, 178

Nirdlinger, Charles, 239

Nobel, Alfred, 1-20

Nobel, Emanuel, 2, 3, 9

Nobel Foundation, 10, 11, 12, 16

Nobel, Ludwig, 2

Nobel, Robert, 11

Nobel, will of, 10-16, 17, 18, 21, 42, 57, 104

_Nobody is a Prophet_, etc., 266

_Northern Studies_, 60

Norwegian Storthing, 11, 58

_Nouvelle Revue_, 7

Novalis, 150

_Novellen_, 124, 125

_Nuove poesie_, 76

_Odi barbare_, 78, 79

_Of American Culture_, 216

_Old Bell-Ringer, The_, 266

_Olivades, Les_, 39

_Olympian Spring_, 205, 208, 209, 210

_On Baile’s Strand_, 255

_On Emerson and Other Essays_, 150, 151

_On Life and Letters_, 26, 227, 232

_On the Bright Shore_, 269

_On the Field of Glory_, 268, 269

_On the Scent_, 149

_Opium Smokers_, 275

Orkan, Ladislaw, 272

Orsino, 178

O’Shaughnessy, Arthur, 28, 29

_Our Eternity_, 156

_Outcast, The_, 120, 121

_Over the Lofty Mountains_, 60

Oxford University, 270

_Pair of Shoes, A_, 251

Palayo, Mendenez, 244

Palmer, Arthur Hubbell, 63

Pan, 214, 218

_Pan Michael_, 266

_Parisian Portraits_, 27

Parker, Gilbert, 152

Parker, W. B., 86

_Parsival_, 135, 136, 144, 145

_Passion Flower, The_, 248

Passow, Irene, 51

_Pastor Mons_, 202

_Peasants in Exile_, 268

_Peasants, The_, 269-272

_Peer Gynt_, 198

_Pelléas and Mélisande_, 150

_Penguin Island_, 225, 233

_People’s Theatre, The_, 178, 179

_Pepita’s Wedding_, 193

_Peter Pan_, 142, 260

Phelps, M. Stuart, 51

Phelps, William Lyon, 154

Picard, Edmund, 149

_Piedmont_, 80

_Pierre Nozière_, 225, 226

_Pilgrimage, A._, 223

_Pilgrimages and Wander Years_, 190, 191

_Pilgrim Kamanita, The_, 202

_Pilgrim’s Way, A._, 87

_Plain Tales from the Hills_, 90

_Plays in Prose and Verse_, 255, 260

Plessis, Frédéric, 26

_Poème du Rhône, Le_, 40

_Poems and Songs_, 63

_Poland Reborn_, 265

Polish Literature, 264, 265

Pontoppidan, Henrik, 13, 197-200

Porter, Noah, 51

_Post Office, The_, 172

_Pot of Broth, The_, 259

_Power of the Dead_, 156

_Prayers for Mother India_, 169

Preston, Harriet Waters, 35, 37

_Primo Vere_, 82, 83

_Princess Maleine_, 150

_Prometheus and Epimetheus_, 206

_Prometheus Unbound_, 209

_Promised Land, The_, 199, 270, 271

_Puck of Pook’s Hill_, 96

_Punch and Judy and Other Essays_, 30

Quai Malaquais, 226

_Que sais-je?_, 28

Quiller-Couch, Arthur, 65

Quimby, Mary Ayres, 146

_Quo Vadis_, 267, 268

_Recessional, The_, 95, 97

_Red Lily, The_, 225, 233

Redman, Ben Ray, 186

Reid, Forrest, 257, 259, 260

_Religion and Life_, 55

_Reminiscences_, 258

_Responsibilities_, 262

_Revolt of the Angels, The_, 225, 233, 237

_Revue Universelle, La_, 235

_Rewards and Fairies_, 96

Reymont, Ladislaw, 240, 264, 269-276

Rhys, Ernest, 160

Richards, T. W., 18

_Riders to the Sea_, 260

Rolland, Romain, 170, 175-188, 212, 254, 264

Romsdale, 59

Roosevelt, Theodore, 18, 41, 53

Root, Elihu, 18

Roumanille, Joseph, 32

Roy, Basanta Koomar, 165

Ruysbroeck, 150

_Sacrifice and Other Plays_, 168

_Sadhana_, 150, 166, 172

_Saint Briggitta’s Pilgrimage_, 194

_Sainte-Beuve_, 235

_Saint George and the Dragon_, 194

_Saint Louis_, 178

_Salamander_, 127

Sanborn, Alvan V., 179

_Sandhya Sangit_, 163

_Sapphics and Alcaics_, 73

_Saturday Night_, 249

Scheffel, Joseph Victor, 128, 129

Schiller, 76, 210

_School of Princesses, The_, 252

Scudder, Vida D., 274

_Segelfoss Town_, 220, 221

Seltzer, Adele, 146

Seltzer, Thomas, 146

Selver, Paul, 270

Serrano, Mary, 241

_Seven Princesses, The_, 152

_Seven Seas, The_, 94

_Shadowy Waters, The_, 261

Shakespeare, 101, 126, 177

Shaw, George Bernard, 263

_Shay’s 25 Short Plays_, 245

Shelley, 78, 262

Sienkiewicz, Henryk, 240, 264-269

_Sigurd Slembe_, 59, 64

_Sister Beatrice_, 157

Sligo, 256

Smith College, 53

_Socialism; an Analysis_, 55

Sohlmann, Ragnar, 9

Soissons, S. C. de, 268

_Soldiers Three_, 90, 93

_Solitudes, Les_, 24

_Some Eighteenth Century Byways_, etc., 45, 46

_Song of the English, A_, 103

_Song of the French Roads, A_, 88

_Songs of Sunrise_, 163

_Son of Don Juan, The_, 242, 243

_Soothsayer, The_, 195

Spanish Academy, 239, 248

_Spiritual Life of Modern America, The_, 216

Spitteler, Carl, 205-212

_Spreading the News_, 260

_Spring_, 270, 272

_Stalky & Co._, 90

_Stances et poèmes_, 23

Starkie, Walter, 250

Stephens, James, 254

Stimson, Eleanor, 186

_Stolen Child, The_, 255

Stork, Charles Wharton, 189, 191, 192, 193

_Story of Gösta Berling, The_, 105, 109, 110, 112, 119

_Stray Birds_, 168

Strettell, Alma, 39

Strindberg, August, 190

_Struggling Life_, 217

_Studies from Ten Literatures_, 206, 249

_Studies in Literature_, 26

_Studies in Modern German Literature_, 135

_Study of the Modern Drama, A_, 138, 197, 239, 249

Sully-Prudhomme, René, 21-30, 240

_Summer_, 186, 187, 270, 272

_Sunken Bell, The_, 135, 140, 141, 142, 260

_Sunset_, 219

_Supplication, A_, 28, 29

Suttner, Bertha von, 6, 7, 8

_Sweden’s Laureate_, 189

Swedish Academy, 11, 12, 16, 17, 43, 194, 197, 234, 236

Symbolism, 152

Symons, Arthur, 258

Synge, John, 254, 255, 260

_Synnöve Solbakken_, 61, 62, 63

Tagore, Rabindranath, 18, 159-174, 254

_Tales from a Mother of Pearl Casket_, 233

_Test, The_, 23

_Thaïs_, 225, 232, 233

_That Third Woman_, 269

_Theseus and Heracles_, 206

_They_, 95

Thibault, François Noël, 226

Thibault, Jacques Anatole, 224

Thompson, Vance, 5

_Thora van Deken_, 198

_Those Europeans_, 238

_Thoughts in Loneliness_, 190

_Three Poets_, 27

_Thy Brother’s House_, 247

_Tolstoy_, 177, 246

_Traffics and Discoveries_, 97

_Tragedies de la foi, Les_, 180

_Treasure of the Humble, The_, 156

_Treasure, The_, 121, 122

_Tree of the Folkungs, The_, 196

Trumbauer, Walter H. P., 145

_Truth of Religion, The_, 52

_Truth, The_, 248

_Twenty-five Years_, 258

_Two Little Misogynists_, 207, 208

Underhill, John Garrett, 239, 245, 249, 250

_Under the Autumn Star_, 215

_Under the Deodars_, 90

_Unknown Guest, The_, 156

Upanishads, 166, 172

Upsala, 64, 117

Urbana, 165

Valdes, 239

Valera, 239, 244

Varmland, 106, 108, 118

Vega, Lope de, 242

_Versunkene Glocke, Die_, 141, 142

_Victoria_, 219

Vigny, Alfred de, 229

_Voices of Tomorrow_, 70, 132

_Vraie religion selon Pascal, La_, 28

_Vrais tendresses, Les_, 24

Wackernagel, Wilhelm, 206

Wagner, 178, 181, 202, 203

Wallace, Elizabeth, 243

_Wanderer Plays on Muted Strings, A_, 215

Warsaw, 265, 266

_Weavers, The_, 136, 138, 139

_Wee Willie Winkie_, 91

_What Do I Know?_, 28

_What Will People Say?_, 274

_When the New Wine Blooms_, 70

_White Stone, The_, 233

Whittier, J. G., 41

_Wicker-Work Woman, The_, 233

Widgery, Alban G., 56

Widman, Joseph Victor, 210, 211

Wiehr, Josef, 214, 216, 218, 222

_Wife of the Avenger_, 240

Williams, Oakley, 144

Wilson, Woodrow, 18, 185

_Wind among the Reeds, The_, 258, 261

_Winter_, 270, 272

_Winter Ballad, A_, 146

_With Fire and Sword_, 266, 267

_Without Dogma_, 267

Wolf, Hugo, 181

_Woman’s Victory_, 217

_Wonderful Adventures of Nils, The_, 105, 113, 117, 195

Worster, W. W., 221

_Wrack of the Storm, The_, 156

Yagna, 272, 273

_Years Between, The_, 99, 100

_Year 1794, The_, 275

Yeats, William Butler, 18, 160, 253-263

Young Poland, 269

_Zacchæus_, 217

Zeromski, Stephen, 275

Zola, 272

Zürich, 43, 206

Zweig, Stefan, 175, 176, 181

* * * * *

Transcriber’s note

Minor punctuation errors have been changed without notice. Hyphenization was standardized where appropriate. Italization, and spelling of proper nouns were also standardized.

In this version, the illustrations are placed differently on the page than in the original.

Spelling was retained as in the original except for the following changes:

Page 65: “is a concilatory mind” “is a conciliatory mind”
Page 178: “Original of the Modern” “Origins of the Modern”
Page 180: “falsit es and hypocrisy” “falsities and hypocrisy”
Page 180: “days, under title” “days, under the title”
Page 201: “accept my parish” “accept any parish”
Page 294: “zwie Roman, ubersetzung” “zwei Roman, ubersetzung”
Page 295: “_goldens Zweig_, Dichtung “_goldene Zweig_, Dichtung
und Novellenkrauz” und Novellenkranz”
Page 295: “_Frühesten Erlebmisse_” “_Frühesten Erlebnisse_”
Page 298: “Years; Reminiscencs” “Years; Reminiscences”
Page 311: “Vrai religion selon” “Vraie religion selon”