Chapter X: Appendix: 181 (9)

Text size

Coll Edmd Scarbrough 2000
Edwd Hitchins 170
Edwd Turner 750
Edwd Killam 720
Edmd Allin 200
Edwd Bagwell for Coll Wm. Custis 200
Edmd. Jones 800
Elizb. Tinley 200
Edwd Taylor 300
Edmd Tatham 200
Edmd Bally 800
Edmd Ayres 1000
Edwd. Miles 413
Elizb. Mellchop 210
Edwd. Bell 101
Edwd. More 500
Edwd. Gunter 600
Edwd Brotherton 600
Elias Blake 430
Edwd Robins 782
Edwd Bally 300
Elias Taylor 1500
Elizb. Wharton 200
Mrs. Elizb Scarbrough 4205
-----
17181

Mr. Francis Mackenny 5109
Francis Robts. 200
Francis Wainhouse 700
Francis Crofton 200
Francis Young 100
Finley MackWm 100
Francis Ayres 300
Francis Jester 200
Francis Benstone 400
Francis Wharton 600
-----
7909

Geo. Anthony 100
Geo. Hastup 300
Coll Geo Nicho Halk 2700
Capt. Geo Parker 2609
Gervis Baggally 700
Garrat Hictlims 170
Geo Parker Sco. Side 1200
Griffin Savage 650
Geo Middleton Senr. 588
Geo Trevit 400
Geo. Pounce 400
Geo Middleton Junr. 150
Geo Johnson 200
Capt. Geo Hope 900
-----
11067

Henry Armtrading 175
Henry Chance 445
Henry Selman 180
Henry Ubankes 400
Henry Lurton 363
Henry Stokes 208
Henry Custis 774
Henry Bagwell 412
Henry Read 350
Henry Ayres 250
Hill Drummond 483
Henry Toules 300
Henry Hickman 135
Henry Gibbins 250
Henry Truett 240
-----
4965

John Tounson 200
Joseph Stokley 664
Jno. Read 200
Jno. Blake 310
Joseph Ames 375
Joseph Clark 200
Jno. Fisher 200
James Gray 900
Jno. Huffington 240
Jno. Legatt 300
James Lary 100
James Longoe 200
Jno. Merrey 350
Jno Milloy 500
Jno. Pratt 50
Jno. Revell 1450
Jno Road 110
Jno. Rowles 650
Jno. Savage Senr 350
Jno Charles 480
Jno Willis Senr 430
Jno Willis Junr 350
James Fairfax 900
Joseph Milby 830
John West Junr 500
Jno Jenkins 400
Jonathan James 150
John Rodgers 100
Jno Collins 100
Jno Sincocke 125
Jno Metcalfe,
Isaac Metcalfe
and Samll. Metcalfe 600
Joseph Touser 200
Jno Stanton 200
Jno Bally 1000
-----
13715

Jno Melson 180
Jno Bernes Senr 657
Jno Littletone 200
John Nock 300
Jno Killy 100
Jacob Morris 200
Jno Morris 640
Jona. Aylworth 200
James Davis 1000
Jno Parkes 200
Jno Evans 200
Jno Hull 100
Jno Blocksom 700
Jno Abbott 1170
Jno Arew 234
Jno Grey 116
Jno Baker 400
Jno Wharton 150
James Taylor 100
Jno Glading 207
Jno Loftland 167
James Smith 756
Majr Jno Robins 2700
Jno Collins for Asban 1666
James Walker 525
Jno Whelton 90
Jno Marshall 1666
Jona Owen 230
Jacob Wagaman 150
Capt John Broadhurst 1100
Jno Dyer 200
Mr. John Watts 2450
Jno Booth 300
John Bradford 364
Ingold Cobb 150
Jno Griffin 150
Jno Mitchell 400
John Parker 970
James Alexander 1250
Jno Burocke 200
James Sterferar 50
Jno Perry 217
Jno Drummond 1550
Jno Carter on Foxs Island 203
Jno Warington 100
Jno Bagwell 465
Jno Wise Senr 800
Jno Wise Junr 400
Jno Dix 500
Isaac Dix 500
Jno Hickman 454
Jno Onians 200
Coll Jno Custis Esqr 5950
John Coslin 50
-----
46692

Michaell Recetts 300
Mrs. Mattilda West 3600
Marke Evell 250
Mary Wright 200
-----
4350

Nicholas Mellchops 285
Nathaniel, Williams 64
Nathaniell Rattcliff 300
-----
649

Owen Collonell 500
Overton Mackwilliams 200
Obedience Pettman 115
-----
815

Peter Major 113
Philip Parker 150
Peter Rogers 167
Perry Leatherbury 1750
Peter Turlington 79
Peter Ease 250
Philip Fisher 433
Peter Chawell 250
-----
3192

Robt. Bell 650
Richd Bally Senr. 2100
Richd Bally Junr 180
Richd Garrison 468
Roules Major 157
Rouland Savage Senr 950
Robt. Taylor 95
Richd. Rodgers 450
Richd Killam 1900
Robt. Wattson 425
Richd Jones 500
Robt. Hutchinson 934
Reynold Badger 150
Robt. West 400
Richd Cuttler 450
Robt. Cole 125
Richd Drummond 600
Robt. Stocomb 300
Robt Norton 1050
Richd Grindall 350
Roger Hickman 135
Robt Lewis 200
Roger Abbott 450
Richard Hill 350
Ralph Justice 1050
Richd Hinman 1800
Robt Davis 384
Ragnall Aryes 300
Roger Miles 200
Richd Bundike 773
Richd Kittson 1300
Robt. Bally 100
Richd Starlin 150
Richd Flowers 200
Richd Price 100
Robt. Pitts 2300
Robt Adkins 200
Rebeckha Benstone 270
Richd Hillayres 300
-----
22816

Samuell Benstone 300
Sarah Beach 300
Sillvanus Cole 250
Symon Sosque 325
South Littleton Widdo 2870
Stephen Woltham 244
Steph. Warrington 400
Symon Mitchell 300
Stephen Drummond 300
Selby Harrison 50
Sollomon Evell 125
Samll Young 50
Sarah Reyley 150
Sebastian Dellistations Senr 500
Sebastian Dellistations Junr 400
Skinner Wollope 2485
Samll. Sandford 3250
Sebastian Silverthorn 150
Symon Smith 200
Sarah Coe 900
Samll Taylor 1232
Sarah Evins 150
Sebastian Croper 600
Samuell Jester 200
-----
15731

Tho Burton 600
Tho Bud 500
Tho Boules 300
Tho Clark 100
Tho Middleton 350
Tho Stringer 600
Tho Haule 500
Tho Taylor 100
Tho Fockes 300
Tho Bagwell 465
Madm Tabitha Hill 3600
Tho Rose 7
Tho Webb 50
Tho Savage 450
Tho Jones 100
Tho Scott 100
Tho Reyley 225
Tho Ternall 150
Tho Simpson 520
Tho Coper 711
Tho Miles 202
Thomas Bonwell 300
Tho Bell Senr. 100
The Bell Junr 100
Tho Touson Kiquotan 800
Tho Stockley 363
Tho Jester 100
Tho Smith 300
Thomas Crippin 648
Tho Wilkinson 50
Tho Jenkinson 374
Tho Moore 166
Tho Allen 700
Tho Smith Savannah 200
Tho Perry 232
Tho Tonnson 400
Tho Smith Gingateague 693
Lieut Coll Robinson 600
-----
15956

Wm. Robins 200
Wm Patterson 200
Wm Bevens 400
Wm Matthews 400
Wm Shepherd 200
Wm Whett 400
Winfred Woodland 333
Wm Andrews 300
Wm Custis 1500
Wm Darby 83
Wm Fletcher 200
Wm Killam 450
Wm Lingoe 300
Wm Major 130
Wm Meeres 150
Wm Mack Sear 800
Wm Savage 150
Wm Waite 110
Wm Sill 200
Wm Waite Junr 600
Wm Bradford 3500
Wm Rogers 200
Wm Wise 400
Wm Finey 800
Wm Consalvins 100
Wm Phillips 200
Wm Parker 362
Wm Cole 375
Wm Merill 150
Wm Johnson 150
Wm Lewis 150
Walter Hayes 130
Wm Chance 450
Wm Milby 250
Wm Nicholson 600
Wm Burton 500
Wm Willett 842
Wm Hudson 270
Wm Lewis 300
Wm Young 144
Wm Liechfield 154
Wm Bunting 150
Wm Nock Junr 400
Wm Lucas 300
Mary Mellechop 498
Wm Daniell 200
Wm Silverthorn 160
Wm Garman 475
Wm White 600
Wm Broadwater 500
Wm Taylor 100
Wm Williamson 600
Wm Brittingham 538
Wm. Benstone Jun. 270
Wm Dickson for Mr. Littleton 1050
Wm Waite Senr 225
Wm Taylor 1400
-----
24599

196899-1/2

Added to this Rent Roll the following Lands of which the Quit Rents
may possibly be recovered tho the Owners live out of the Country
Viz.

Jonas Jackson 500
Robt. Andrews 500
Joseph Morris 200
Robt. Meros 200
Hillory Stringer 950
Tho Fisher 133
Jno Fisher 133
Timo Coe 4100
David Hagard 130
-----
6846

An Account of what Land in Accomack County the owners whereof are not
dwellers.

Tho Preson of Northampton 200
Geo Corbin Ditto 150
Joshua Fichett Ditto 200
Alexdr Merey Maryld 200
Tho Dent 500
Mr. Wm Kendalls orphans
of Northampton County 2850
Mr Hancock Lee dividing Creeks 4050
Richd Watters in Maryland 1057
Francis Lailor Northamp 100
Obedience Johnson Qtrs 300
Henry Smith at the Southerd 1000
Grattiance Michell North 200
Matt. Tyson Southerd 300
Teagle Woltham Maryld 200
Peter Waltham New Engld 200
Jno Waltham Maryld 200
-----
11707

Jno Wise Sheriff

The Rent Roll of Northampton County for the Year of our Lord God 1704

Andrews Robt. 300
Andrews Andrew 100
Addison John 350
Abdell Tho 125
Abdell Jno 200
Abdell Wm 125
Alligood John 300
Angell James 100
Alligood Henry 100

Bullock Geo 100
Boner Geo 150
Brown Tho 1862
Benthall Joseph Senr 793
Benthall Joseph Junr 150
Branson Francis 100
Bateson 200
Billot Jno 400
Bell Geo 400
Billott Wm 100
Brewer Jno 50
Blackson Jno 100
Brooks Jeane 100
Beadwine Jno 200
Berthall Danll 258
Baker John 400
Brickhouse Geo 2100

Cob Samll 130
Coape Wm 200
Custis Jno Coll 3400
Collier Bartho. 150
Carpenter Charles 240
Cox Jno 500
Church Samll 143
Cleg Jno. Senr 204
Clog Henry 204
Carvy Richd 100
Cowdry Josiah 167
Cormeck Mich 100
Clerk Jno 100
Corban Geo 250
Clerk Geo 833
Caple Nath 100
Callinett Jno 100
Crew John 300
Costin Francis 275
Custis Majr John 3250
Custis Hancock 50
Chick Tho. 100

Downing Jno. 70
Dewy Geo 300
Dewy Jacob 100
Delby Margery 450
Dowty Rowland 150
Dunton John 170
Dunton Tho 400
Dowman John 100
Dullock John 100
Denton Tho 400
Dunton Tho Junr 120
Dunton Wm 420
Dunton Benj 220
Duparks Tho 90
Davis Jno 850
Dunton Joseph 120
Dixon Michaell 460

Eshon Jno 600
Evans John 200
Edmunds David 500
Evans Tho 300
Esdoll Geo 100
Eyres Tho 1133
Eyres Nich 325
Eyres Capt Jno 774
Eyres Anne Wido. 733
Esdoll Edwd. 100

Fisher John 637-1/2
Francisco Dan 150
Fisher Tho 637-1/2
Foster Robt. 150
Fabin Paul 60
Frost Tho 100
Frank Jno 500
Floyd Charles 378
Freshwater Geo 200
Frizell Geo 140
Freshwater Wm 200
Fitchett Joshua 100
Floyd Berry & Matthew 555

Gogni David 150
Gill Robt. 200
Gascoyne Robt. 125
Gascoyne Wm 525
Greene Jno Senr 2200
Giddens Tho 227
Grice Peter 200
Godwin Devorix 600
Goffogan Tho 100
Guelding Charles 200
Griffith Jerimiah 345
Griffith Benja 200

Hill Francis 100
Henderson John 250
Haggaman Isaac 750
Harmonson Jno 1600
Harmonson Henry 1250
Hanby Charles 25
Hanby Richd 75
Hanby Danll 50
Hanby John 150
Harmonson Capt Wm 308
Harmonson Geo 1586
Harmonson Tho 400
Hawkins Jno Senr 66
Hawkins Jno Junr 66
Hawkins Gideon 66
Hunto Groton 485
Hunt John 440
Hunt Tho 290
Hall Francis Widdo 340

Johnson John Senr 250
Johnson John Junr 100
Johnson Jacob 350
Isaacs John Jnr 100
Joynes Major 150
James Joan Widdo 250
Johnson Obedience Capt 400
Johnson Tho Junr 75
Johnson Thomas Senr 400
Jackson Jonah & John 625
Joynes Edmd 200
Joynes Edwd 200
Johnson Jeptha Senr 50
Jacob Phillip Senr 350
Johnson Jepha Junr 200
Johnson Obedience & Jepha Sen 250
Johnson Edmd 400
Jacob Richd 200
Jacob Abraham 50

Kendall Wm 2410
Knight John 100

Lawrence John 120
Lailler Luke 100
Lucas Tho 100
Lewis Robt 100
Littleton Susannah Wido 4050
Luke John 400

Marshall Geo 250
Farshall Jno 250
Maddox Tho 1500
Michaell Yeardly 400
Matthews John 275
Major John 390
Map John 50
Moore Matthew 175
Mackmellion Tho 300
More Gilbert 225
Morraine John 119-1/2
More Jno 545
More Eliner 175

Nicholson Wm 600
Nottingham Wm 150
Nottingham Joseph 150
Nottingham Richd 350
Nottingham Benja 300
Nelson John 100

Only Clement 200
Odear John 100

Parramore Tho 400
Preson Tho 610
Powell Frances Widdo 1225
Palmer Samll 1562
Pyke Henry 150
Powell John 636-1/3
Pittett Tho 300
Pittet Justian 200
Pittett John 275
Powell Samll 200
Paine Daniell 150
Piggott Ralph 1368

Read Thomas 150
Rascow Arthur 100
Ronan Wm 150
Roberts Jno 200
Richards Lettis 150
Robins Jno Majr 1180
Robins Littleton 1000
Rabishaw Wm 55
Roberts Obedience 260
Robinson Benjamin 250

Shepherd Jno 200
Smith Joseph 250
Smith Samll 150
Smith Jno 200
Savage Tho 450
Smith Tho 400
Smith Abrah 300
Seady Antho 120
Sott Widdo 750
Smith Richd minor 300
Scot Geo 100
Smith Richd 99
Scot Jno 100
Scott Henry 800
Scot David 300
Smith Peter 450
Sanders Richd 100
Smaro John 800
Shepherd Tho 140
Sanders Eustick 100
Sanderson John 636
Savidge John 410
Stringer Hillary 1250
Savidge Capt Tho 1600
Savidge Elkington 750
Scot Wm Senr 153
Straton Benja 745
Smith Geo 133
Stockley Jno Senr 370
Shepheard Widdo 830
Seamore John 200

Tilney John 350
Tryfort Barth 147
Teague Simeon 100
Turner Richd 50
Teague Tho 200
Tankard Wm 450
Tanner Paul 148

Webb Henry 100
Wills Thorn 300
White John 400
Wilson Tho 250
Westerhouse Adryan Senr 200
Walker John 300
Ward Tho 120
Walter John 400
Waterfield Wm 200
Warren John 525
Warren Argoll 350
Widgeon Robt 100
Wilkins Jno 150
Webb Edwd 200
Wilcock Jno 200
Warren James 50
Waterson Wm 855
Warren Robt. 190
Water Lieut-Coll Wm 700
Webb Charles 133-1/4
Willett Wms 2650
Waterson Richd 150
Wilkins Argoll 150
Walter Elizb Widdo 100
Warren Joseph 50
-----
99671

Lands not paid for vizt

Gleab formerly Capt Foxcrofts 1500
John Majr at Occahannock 200
Hogbin not being in Virginia 100
Tho Smith 300
Tho Marshall orphan 75
Jno Rews not in Virginia 100
-----
2275

The total on the other side is 99671 acres
Added to it ye Glebe land 1500
------
101171 acres

The preceding Sheets are true copys of the Rentrolls for the year 1704 given in and accounted for by the several Sherifs in April 1705 and sworne to before his Excellcy according to which they made up their accounts of the Quitrents with

Will Robertson Clerk.

_INDEX_

INDEX

Accomac,
farms and tithables of, 58; 79.

Allen, Arthur,
six tithables, 57.

Allen, William,
_Burgess_ in 1629, 73.

Allerton, Isaac,
deals in servants, 48.

Ambrose, Robert,
deals in servants, 49.

Anbury, Major,
describes Virginia upper class, 158.

Andros, Sir Edmund, 29; 35; 52;
hesitates to deprive wealthy of land holdings, 143-144.

Archer, George,
deals in servants, 49;
extensive landowner, 79.

Armetrading, Henry, 79.

Artisans,
became planters in Virginia, 27;
called for in broadside of 1610, 28;
on the plantations, 156-157.

Ashton, Peter,
deals in servants, 48.

Austin, James,
deals in servants, 48.

Avery, Richard,
his cattle, 101;
inventory of, 106.

Bacon Nathaniel, Sr., 109; 110.

Bacon, Nathaniel, Jr.,
describes poverty in Virginia, 91;
rebellion of and _Navigation Acts_, 92-93;
says peoples hoped in _Burgesses_, 109; 113.

Baker, John,
buys _Button's Ridge_, 49.

Baldwin, William,
landowner, 79.

Ballard, Thomas, 109.

Ball, William,
has 22 slaves.

Baltic,
English trade of, 8;
Denmark controls entrance to, 9;
wars endanger trade to, 9;
cheap labor of, 16; 17;
tobacco trade to, 118-119;
trade to injured by wars, 131, 148.

Banister, John,
has 88 slaves, 158.

Barbadoes,
complain of _Navigation Acts_, 94.

Barnett, Thomas,
servant, _Burgess_ in 1629, 74.

Bassett, William,
deals in servants, 48.

Beer, George Lewis,
defends _Navigation Acts_, 86-87;
says trade restrictions did not cause _Bacon's Rebellion_, 92;
statement of concerning county grievances, 93;
denies that serious opposition existed to _Navigation Acts_, 93-94.

Bell, Richard,
landowning freedman, 74.

Bennett, Richard,
estate of described, 108.

Bennett, Samuel,
landowning freedman, 74.

Berkeley, John,
conducts iron works in Virginia, 18.

Berkeley, Lord John, 90.

Berkeley, Sir William,
describes servants, 34;
describes early mortality among servants, 39;
estimates servants at 6,000 in 1671, 41;
instructed to prohibit foreign trade, 69;
permits foreign trade during _Civil War_, 69;
calls Virginia land of opportunity, 75;
proclaims Charles II, 84, 111; 89;
describes poverty of Virginia, 90, 91, 92, 93;
controls Assembly, 94;
goes to England to combat _Navigation Acts_, 94-95;
plans to establish manufactures, 95;
denounces _Navigation Acts_, 95-96; 98;
secures body guard, 111;
elected Governor prior to Restoration, 112;
fears King's resentment, 113;
small planters turn against in _Bacon's Rebellion_, 113;
estimates slaves at 2,000 in 1670, 124; 125; 160.

Beverley, Robert, Sr.,
extensive dealer in servants, 48, 109; 113.

Beverley, Robert, Jr., 61;
imports slaves, 130;
describes pride of poor whites, 155.

Bibbie, Edmund,
deals in servants, 49.

Binns, Thomas,
eight tithables, 57.

Bishop, John,
_Burgess_ and landowner, 78.

Blackstone, John,
patents land, 74.

Bland, John,
remonstrates against _Navigation Acts_, 88-89; 93.

Blair, Rev. John,
asks funds for college, 50, 136.

Blewit, Capt.,
sets up iron works in Virginia, dies, 181.

Board of Trade,
arrears of quit rents reported to, 51;
_Nicholson_ writes to concerning rent roll, 52;
says servants not slaves, 60;
_Berkeley_ protests to, 95, 119;
asks reasons for emigration of _Virginia_ whites, 140;
seeks to limit size of land grants, 143;
again alarmed at emigration from Virginia, 145, 147, 157.

Bolling, Mrs. Mary,
has 51 slaves, 158.

Brent, Giles,
deals in servants, 48; 109; 113.

Bridger, Joseph,
deals in servants, 48; 109.

Briggs, Gray,
has 43 slaves, 158.

British Empire,
beginnings of misunderstood, 14;
begun, 19;
important role of tobacco in, 27.

Broadnat, John, 128.

Broadside,
in 1610 calls for settlers for Virginia, 28.

Browne, Robert,
landowning freedman, 74.

Browne, William,
nine tithables, 57.

Bruce, Philip Alexander,
describes small planters, 54.

Brunswick,
land patents in small, 145.

Bullock, William,
denies that servants are slaves, 60.

Burgesses, 54,
petition King, 65;
complain of high freight rates, 72;
freedmen among, 73-75;
_Navigation Acts_ and, 94-95;
represent interest of small planters, 109;
defy the king, 110;
petition of, 110;
rule Virginia, 1652-1660, 112;
growing influence of, 109.

Burwell, Francis,
patents land in _James City_, 77.

Burwell, John,
has 42 slaves, 158.

Burwell, Lewis,
deals in servants, 48; 109.

Burcher, William,
patents land, 79.

Bushood, John,
sells land, 49.

Butt, Thomas,
deals in servants, 48.

Button, Robert,
receives estate, 49.

Button, Thomas,
owner of _Button's Ridge_, 49.

Byrd, William I,
says rent rolls inaccurate, 52; 109;
uses slaves, 130.

Byrd, William II,
gives reasons for emigration to _Carolina_, 146.

Carter, John, 109.

Carter, Robert,
has 126 slaves, 153.

Carleill, Capt. Christopher,
urges trade with America, 11.

Carolina,
emigration to from Virginia, 99-100; 139-146.

Cattle,
plentiful in Virginia, 101.

Chambers, William,
servants and slaves of, 59.

Chandler, John,
landowning freedman, 74.

Charles I,
considers smoking harmful, 26;
tries to limit tobacco planting in Virginia, 27;
tries to limit English tobacco crop, 63;
limits price of tobacco, 65;
regulates tobacco trade, 67-69; 70;
defied by _Assembly_, 110; 111.

Charles II, 33;
proclaimed in Virginia, 84; 111; 93; 96;
not restored in Virginia before Restoration in England, 112;
tyranny of, 114.

Charles City,
plantations small, 53; 54;
farms and tithables of, 58; 79; 81.

Chastellux,
describes poor whites of Virginia, 152;
notes indolence of poor whites, 155.

Chew, Larkin,
dealer in _Spotsylvania_ land, 154.

Claiborne, William,
deals in servants, 48.

Clayton, Thomas, 80.

Clergy,
many plant tobacco, 28.

Clothing,
want of felt in Virginia, 103.

Cloyse, Pettyplace,
landowning freedman, 74.

Cole, Edward,
patents land in _James City_, 77.

Colonial expansion,
sought as remedy for British economic dependence, 10;
urged by economists, 11; 12; 13.

Colonial system, 68;
imperfectly enforced prior to 1660, 67-69; 85-86;
embodied in _Navigation Acts_, 85;
colonies to supplement England, 86;
workings of at end of 17th century, 120;
British conception of, 136.

Commerce,
of England with Baltic, 8;
principles of long known, 11;
of England with Europe and East, 12;
of England with France declines, 13;
affords key to history, 22;
in reexported tobacco, 70;
in tobacco revives after 1683, 114-115;
in reexported tobacco, 116-120;
importance of in tobacco for England, 119, 122.

Commonwealth,
tobacco high under, 66;
Virginians trade abroad under, 69; 98;
attitude of Virginia under, 110-11.

Constable, John,
trades illegally, 69.

Cooke, John,
landowning freedman, 74.

Cornell, Samuel,
servants and slaves of, 59.

Council, 65;
complains of high freight rates, 72; 90;
describes poverty in Virginia, 91;
says Virginia ready to revolt to Dutch, 96; 109; 110;
members of hold land illegally, 143;
gives reasons for immigration out of Virginia, 145;
describes misery in Virginia, 150;
declining influence of, 159.

Creighton, Henry,
sells 100 acres, 50.

Criminals,
few sent to Virginia, 32, 33;
make no imprint on social fabric, 33.

Crocker, Wm.,
servants and slaves of, 59.

Cromwell, Oliver,
sends Irish servants to Virginia, 33.

Crump, Thomas,
servant, _Burgess_ in 1632, 74;
landowner, 75.

Culpeper, Lord,
fears ruin of Virginia, 91, 114.

Custis, John, 109.

Daingerfield, William,
has 61 slaves, 157.

Dawson, William,
landowning freedman, 74.

Day, John, 80.

Delaware,
manufactures of lure poor Virginia whites, 141;
migration to, 139-146.

Delk, Roger,
landowning freedman, 74.

Dicks, John,
purchases land, 49.

Digges, Dudley, 109.

Diggs, William,
has 72 slaves, 158.

Dinwiddie county,
poor whites in, 151;
small slave holders of, 153;
large slave holders of, 158.

Dodman, John,
landowner, 79.

Dorch, Walter,
inventory of, 106.

Duties,
French put on English woolens, 13;
on reexported tobacco partly refunded, 70;
on reexported tobacco, 117;
on tobacco yield grown large revenue, 120.

Edwards, John,
slaves of in plot, 128.

Edwards, William,
has six tithables, 57;
slaves of in plot, 128.

Effingham, Lord,
tyranny of in Virginia, 114.

Elizabeth City,
plantations of small, 53;
farms and tithables of, 58;
servants and slaves in, 59.

Emigration,
from Virginia in years from 1660 to 1725, 40, 62, 139-146;
not caused by large land grants, 144-145;
extent of, 146.

England,
colonial expansion necessary for, 7;
forests depleted, 7;
industry declining, 8;
Baltic trade of, 8;
future depends on colonies, 13; 14;
joy of at founding of Virginia, 15;
disappointed in Virginia, 19;
tobacco bill of, 26;
supplies Virginia with labor, 31;
poverty in, 31;
cannot consume entire colonial tobacco crop, 86;
tobacco planting in prohibited, 87;
glut of tobacco in, 68-89;
adheres to colonial policy, 95.

Epes, Francis, 79, 127.

Essex,
land transfers in, 46;
plantations of small, 53;
farms and tithables of, 58.

Falling Creek,
iron works at, 17;
destroyed in 1622, 18.

Fane, Francis,
says slave labor cheapens tobacco, 132.

Fish,
plentiful in Virginia, 15.

Fithian, Philip,
describes poor whites of Virginia, 152, 155.

Fitzhugh, William, 109;
refers to slave imports, 130.

Flax,
in Virginia, 15.

Fleet, tobacco,
brings servants, 35;
size of in 1690 and 1706, 122.

Foster, Armstrong, 79, 80.

Foster, Robert,
buys 200 acres, 50.

Fowl, wild,
abundant in colonial Virginia, 102.

Fox, William,
has 25 slaves, 153.

France,
exports wine and silk, 12;
British trade with declines, 13;
tobacco trade to, 119;
trade to injured by war, 131.

Freedmen,
80 per cent of servants become, 40;
prior to 1660 remained in Virginia, 40;
form large part of population, 41;
annual recruits of, 41;
usually young, 42;
might acquire property, 43;
perform bulk of work, 43;
what became of, 43;
become small planters, 60;
outfit of, 61;
not entitled to land, 61;
prosperity of hinges on tobacco, 62;
Virginia land of opportunity for, 71;
profits of from tobacco, 71-72;
in _Burgesses_, 73-74;
prosperous, 74-80;
little hope of advancement for after 1660, 97-100;
few in rent roll of 1704, 122-123.

Freemen,
entitled to headrights, 35;
many come to Virginia, 36;
become small planters, 60-75;
many pay own passage, 81-82.

Freight rates,
high from England, 71-72;
excessive, 90.

Fruit, 12,
abundant in Virginia, 102.

Fuel,
abundant in Virginia, 105.

Gardens,
common in Virginia, 102, 105.

Garnet, John,
buys 600 acres, 50.

George, The,
takes cargo of tobacco to England, 25; 64.

Gilbert, George,
patents land in _James City_, 77, 79.

Gilbert, Sir Humphrey,
voyage to America, 11.

Glass,
possibilities for in Virginia, 15;
beginning made of in Virginia, 17;
early history of in Virginia, 18-19.

Gloucester,
average plantation in, 54;
farms and tithables of, 58; 80; 113;
poor whites of, 151;
small slave holders in, 154;
large slave holders in, 157; 159.

Good, John,
describes poverty in Virginia, 91.

Gooch, Governor,
says large holdings no impediment to settlement, 145;
says poor whites make best tobacco, 147.

Governor,
plants tobacco, 28;
appoints sheriffs, 51;
makes efforts to collect quit rents, 51; 65;
neglects servants, 73; 90; 109;
elected by burgesses, 1652-1660, 112.

Goring, John,
servants and slaves of, 59.

Grain,
abundance of in Virginia, 102.

Graves, Ralph,
his servant valued at L10, 127.

Grey, James,
buys 200 acres, 49.

Grey, John,
his cattle, 101;
inventory of, 106.

Grey, Francis,
Burgess and landowner, 78-79.

Grey, Thomas, 78.

Hakluyt, Richard,
advises colonial expansion, 11;
shows British dependence on Spain, 12;
expects surplus of population in England to emigrate to America,
16; 19.

Hammond, John,
advice to servants, 61;
describes Virginia residences, 104.

Harmar, Charles,
imports slaves, 124.

Harris, John,
_Burgess_ in 1629, 73.

Harrison, Benjamin, 109.

Hart, Henry,
his slave in plot, 128.

Hartwell, Henry,
deals in servants, 48.

Harvey, Sir John,
complains of low prices for tobacco, 65;
asks freedom of trade for Virginia, 68;
testifies to illegal foreign trade, 68-69;
complains of high freight rates, 72;
ejected by people, 110.

Hatfield, James,
landowning freedman, 75.

Headrights,
described, 34; 35;
averaged about 1750 a year, 41;
determine size of land grants, 47;
brought in by well known planters, 48;
do not belong to servant, 61;
appear in wills, 76;
transfer of by sale, 76;
become landowners, 77;
not all servants, 77;
compared with rent roll, 97-99.

Hemp,
in Virginia, 15.

Henrico,
false returns in, 55;
farms and tithables of, 58;
servants and slaves in, 59; 79.

Hill, Edward, 109.

Hill, John,
landowning freedman, 75;
book binder at _Oxford_, 75.

Hodge, John,
servants and slaves of, 59.

Holding, John,
landowner, 79.

Holland,
exports fish, 12;
trade of declines, 13;
controls slave trade, 31; 125;
tobacco exports to, 86-89;
_Navigation Acts_ cut exports to, 87;
distributor of English colonial tobacco, 88;
plants own tobacco, 88;
wars with, 89;
Virginians threaten to revolt to, 91, 96; 116;
tobacco exports to, 120;
fights to preserve her monopoly of slave trade, 126;
seeks to control tobacco trade on continent, 149-150.

Honey,
produced in Virginia, 102.

Hotten's Emigrants to America,
gives lists of servants, 42; 73.

Houses,
comfortable in Virginia, 103-104.

Howlett, William,
buy 200 acres, 50.

Immigration,
volume of in 17th century, 35-36;
fixes character of eastern Virginia, 36;
not restricted to servants, 36.

Indentures,
system of, 32;
terms of, 61.

Indians,
desire to convert, 14;
revere tobacco, 24;
unsuited for laborers, 30.

Industry, 22;
pictured in Virginia, 28;
Virginia not suited for, 29.

Inventories,
throw light on distribution of servants and slaves, 59; 73;
typical examples of, 106-107.

Iron,
smelting of exhausts forests, 8;
could be smelted in Virginia, 15;
early manufacture of in Virginia, 17-18.

Isle of Wight county,
farms and tithables of, 58; 79.

Jackson, William,
has 49 slaves, 158.

James I,
forced to use tobacco, 25;
considers smoking harmful, 26;
regulates tobacco trade, 67.

James II,
tyranny of, 114.

James City county,
plantations and tithables of, 58;
landowners listed as headrights in, 76-77; 79;
slave plot in, 128.

James River,
iron works on, 17; 39; 70; 148.

Jamestown, 14;
glass furnace at, 18;
streets of planted with tobacco, 25; 86; 111; 112.

Jefferson, Thomas,
says slavery made whites lazy, 155.

Jeffreys, Jeffrey,
imports slaves, 131.

Jennings, Edmund, 109;
describes slave plot, 128-129;
says slaves injure credit of Virginia, 130;
says few servants in 1708, 130-131;
describes slave trade, 130-131;
describes migration of poor whites, 145-146.

Johnson, John,
sells land, 49.

Johnson, Joseph,
transports servants, 78-79.

Jones, Anthony,
servant, becomes landowner, 74.

Jones, Hugh,
says tenants small part of population, 45; 155;
says negroes make poor artisans, 156.

Jordan, Lt. Col.,
pays taxes on seven tithables, 56.

Kemp, Richard,
says immigrants mostly servants, 82.

King William county,
farms and tithables of, 58.

King and Queen county,
farms and tithables of, 58.

Kinsman, Richard,
makes _perry_, 108.

Knight, Sir John,
says Virginia ready to revolt to Holland, 96.

Labor,
lack of in Virginia, 16;
foreign at Jamestown, 18;
lack of handicaps industry, 19; 20;
in Virginia determined by tobacco, 23;
cheap needed in Virginia, 29;
serious problem, 29;
Indians unsuited for, 30;
slave, 30;
England supplies, 31;
indenture system to supply, 32;
influx of, 35.

Lancaster, 79;
poor planters in, 151;
small slave holders of, 153.

Land,
cheap in Virginia, 29; 45;
transfers of in Surry county, 46;
in York, 46;
in _Rappahannock_, 46;
listed in rent roll of 1704-5, 53;
monopoly of said to cause migration from Virginia, 141-143;
large tracts granted, 142-144.

Land grants,
average extent of, 47;
determined by method of transporting immigrants, 47;
vary greatly in size, 47;
not index to size of plantations, 49.

Landowners,
few large in 17th century, 43;
glad to sell in small parcels, 45;
chiefly small proprietors, 46;
in census of 1626, 46;
in York county, 46;
in Essex, 46;
often avoid quit rents, 51;
listed in rent roll of 1704-5, 53;
small proprietors neglected in history, 54;
often poor men, 55;
many work farms with own hands, 57;
_Government_ expects servants to become, 62;
profits of from tobacco, 71-72.

Larkin, George,
describes large land holdings, 144.

Lawrence, Richard,
landowner, 79.

_Leah and Rachel_, 61.

Lee, Richard,
imports 80 slaves, 125.

Leightenhouse, Thomas, 127.

Linton, John,
estimates colonial tobacco, 115;
estimates amount of reexported tobacco, 118;
declares Baltic tobacco trade ruined, 148;
describes tobacco raising in Holland, 149.

London Company,
national character of, 13;
plans manufactures for Virginia, 15;
cannot secure laborers for Virginia, 16;
sets up iron works at Falling Creek, 17-18;
displeased at tobacco culture in Virginia, 25;
tobacco only hope of, 26;
expects Virginia to duplicate England, 28;
high price of tobacco pleases, 64; 73; 75.

Ludwell, Philip, 109; 113.

Ludwell, Thomas,
places average tobacco crop at 1200 pounds, 64; 90;
says tobacco worth nothing, 90; 91; 96.

Manufactures,
attempts to establish in Virginia, 15-19;
cause of failure, 19;
purchased from Dutch, 68-69;
colonial system based on expectation of, 86;
Berkeley tries to establish, 95;
local in Virginia, 103;
of tobacco in England, 119, 122;
exports of to tobacco colonies, 120;
in northern colonies lure Virginia whites, 140; 141;
on plantations, 108; 156-157.

Market,
not free for tobacco, 66;
tobacco sent to foreign, 67-70;
Navigation Acts cut of foreign, 87;
tobacco reexported to continental, 116-120;
Virginia and Maryland furnish for England, 120.

Maryland,
emigration of whites from, 140;
House of Delegates of explains migration, 191.

Mason, Francis,
seven tithables, 57.

Mason, Winfield,
has 40 slaves, 158.

Massacre,
iron works destroyed during, 18.

Matthews, Samuel,
his estate described, 108.

Merchant marine,
threatened in England by lack of shipbuilding materials, 9;
part of sea defense, 10;
depleted at end of 16th century, 10;
tobacco exports aid British, 26, 119, 122.

Menefie, George,
his estate described, 108.

Middlesex,
plantations small, 53;
farms and tithables of, 58.

Milner, Thomas,
deals in servants, 48.

Moseley, Capt. William,
buys part of _Button's Ridge_, 50, 109.

Muir, Francis,
has 47 slaves, 158.

Muscovy Company,
Baltic trade of, 8;
not exempt from customs, 9;
urged to trade with America, 11.

Nansemond,
plantations of small, 53;
plantations and tithables in, 58.

Navigation Acts, 69;
described, 84-86;
resented in Holland, 88-89;
_Bland's_ remonstrance against, 88;
cause of war with Holland, 89;
cause extreme poverty in Virginia, 90-92;
connected with _Bacon's Rebellion_, 92-93;
why Virginia _Assembly_ did not protest against, 94-95;
_Berkeley_ protests against, 94-95; 98;
retard growth of population, 98-99;
design of, 116.

_New Albion_,
describes abundance of food in Virginia, 103;
advises settlers in Virginia as to clothing, 104.

_New Description of Virginia_,
presents optimistic picture of Virginia, 63;
puts price of tobacco at 3d a pound, 66;
describes foreign tobacco trade, 69;
describes Virginia houses, 104;
cites cases of wealth in Virginia, 107.

New Kent,
farms and tithables of, 58.

Newport, Capt. Christopher,
returns to England in 1607, 15;
brings iron ore to England in 1607, 17.

New Jersey,
manufactures of lure Virginia whites, 141.

Nicholson, Sir Francis, 29; 50;
orders accurate rent roll in 1690, 51;
again attempts rent roll in 1699, 52;
completes rent roll, 52; 54;
makes rent roll accurate, 55, 97; 114;
gives reason for migration from Virginia and Maryland, 140, 141;
sues Col. Lawrence Smith for arrears of quit rents, 143;
testifies to large land grants, 144.

Norfolk,
plantations of small, 53;
farms and tithables of, 58;
slave plot in, 129.

Northampton,
farms and tithables of, 58; 79.

North Carolina,
servants flee to, 83.

Northern Neck,
omitted in rent roll, 50; 54; 55.

Norton, Capt. Wm.,
brings glass workers to Virginia, 19;
dies, 19.

Page, Matthew, 109.

Page, Mann,
has 157 slaves, 157.

Pagett, Anthony,
_Burgess_ in 1629, 73.

Parke, Daniel, 109.

Patent Rolls,
in Virginia Land Office, 34;
average grants in, 47;
show large dealers in servants, 48; 73;
reveal names of freedmen, 74-75.

Pattison, Thomas,
landowner, 79.

Pearson, Christopher,
inventory of, 107.

Pelton, George, 102.

Pennsylvania,
manufactures of lure Virginia whites, 191;
migration to, 139-146.

_Perfect Description_,
numbers cattle in Virginia, 101.

Perry Micajah,
reports on tobacco trade, 119.

Plantations,
Virginia made up of, 29;
cheap in Virginia, 29;
labor for, 29-37;
unhealthful sites for, 39;
few large, 43;
small hold own with large, 44;
small outnumber large, 45; 46;
transfers of in Surry county, 46;
patents not index to size of, 49;
tendency to break up large into small, 49;
listed in rent roll of 1704-5, 53;
largest in various counties, 53;
average size of, 53;
accurately listed in rent roll, 55;
comparison of number of with workers, 55;
number in each county, 58;
settlers buy on frontier, 76;
part only of each cultivated, 105.

Popleton, William,
_Burgess_ in 1629, 73.

Population, 28; 29;
growth of from 1649 to 1675, 98;
growth of slow, 99, 142.

Potash,
England's need for, 8;
found in Virginia, 15;
first efforts to produce in Virginia, 17.

Pott, Dr. John,
incites people against _Sir John Harvey_, 110.

Poultry,
plentiful in Virginia, 102.

Poverty,
in England, 31;
Navigation Acts cause in Virginia, 91;
one cause of _Bacon's Rebellion_, 92-93.

_Present State of Tobacco Plantations_,
describes tobacco trade to France and Spain, 119;
puts tobacco duties at L400,000, 121;
describes ill effects of wars on tobacco trade, 148.

Prince George county,
plantations and tithables of, 58.

Princess Anne county,
plantations of small, 53; 54;
farms and tithables of, 58;
slave plot in, 129;
small slave holders in, 154.

Public Record Office,
has copy of rent roll of 1704, 52.

Quary, Colonel,
says wars ruin tobacco trade, 148; 157.

Quit rents,
collected by Crown on land, 50;
revenue from considerable, 50; 51;
often in arrears, 51;
roll of in 1704, 51-55.

Ramshaw, William,
landowning freedman, 75.

Randall, Robert,
seven tithables, 57.

Randolph, Edward,
remarks on slow growth of Virginia population, 99;
says holdings of large tracts of land causes migration from
Virginia, 141-143;
says quit rents avoided, 142;
suggests limiting size of grants, 143.

Randolph, William,
imports slaves, 130.

Rappahannock county,
land transfers in, 46;
landowners of listed as headrights, 76; 79.

Rent Roll,
Nickolson orders, 51;
attempted in 1699, 52;
completed in 1704-5, 52;
shows small plantations, 53;
accuracy of, 54-55;
5,500 farms listed in, 55;
compared with tithables of 1702, 57-58;
compared with headrights, 97-99;
contains names of few freedmen, 122-123.

Restoration Period,
brings suffering to Virginia, 84; 97; 104; 115; 116.

Rich, Nathaniel,
buys tobacco at 2s a pound, 64.

Roberts, Robert,
buys land, 49.

Robertson, William,
makes copy of rent roll of 1704, 52.

Robins, Sampson, 79;
patents land, 80.

Robinson, John,
landowning freedman, 75.

Rolfe, Capt. John,
first to cure Virginia tobacco, 24; 25.

Rooking, William,
servants and slaves of, 59.

Rowlston, Lionell,
servant, _Burgess_ in 1629, 73;
_Burgess_ in 1632, 74;
landowner, 74.

Russell, John,
landowning freedman, 75.

Russia,
tobacco trade to, 118-119; 148.

Samuel, Anthony,
buys 300 acres, 50.

Sandys, George,
selects site for iron works, 17;
describes failure of glass works in Virginia, 19;
writes for servants, 30;
gives wages of laborers, 44.

Sandys, Sir Edwin,
expects Virginia to duplicate England, 28.

Savadge, Thomas,
landowning freedman, 74.

Scotchmon, Robert,
servant, _Burgess_ in 1632, 74.

Scott, Thomas,
has 57 slaves, 158.

Scruely, Richard,
patents land, 79.

Servants,
_London Company_ sends to Virginia, 16;
Indian children as, 30;
system of indentures for, 32;
not criminals, 32;
political prisoners among, 33;
Irish among, 33;
_Oliverian_ soldiers among, 33;
they plot against _Government_, 33;
Scotchmen among, 33;
_Sedgemour_ prisoners among, 33;
chiefly Englishmen, 34, 36;
list of preserved, 34;
headrights from, 35;
influx of, 35;
four or five years of service for, 38;
become part of Virginia social fabric, 39;
hardship and perils encountered by, 39;
80 per cent. become freedmen, 40;
prior to 1660 remained in Virginia, 40;
length of service for, 40;
usually young when freed, 41, 42;
estimated at 6,000 in 1671, 41;
"seasoned," 42;
become small part of population, 43;
merchants bring to complete cargoes, 47;
individual orders for, 48;
in immigrant ships, 48;
dealers in, 48;
numbers in 1704, 56;
listed as tithables, 56;
distribution of, 58-59;
not slaves, 60;
like English apprentices, 60;
outfit of on expiration of term, 61;
not entitled to land, 61;
hope to become landowners, 61-62;
Virginia land of opportunity for, 71;
freedmen often purchase, 72;
of early period become prosperous, 73-80;
list of, 78;
proportion of among immigrants, 81-82;
little hope for advancement of after 1660, 96-100;
importation of in Restoration period, 98-99;
inventories which show none, 106-107;
many freed to fight in _Bacon's Rebellion_, 113;
few become landowners at end of 17th century, 112-113;
usefulness of as compared with slaves, 126;
price of, 127;
not always docile, 128;
slave labor curtails importation of, 134;
England opposes migration of, 135;
vast numbers imported, 142.

Seymour, Attorney-General,
tells Virginians to make tobacco, 136.

Sheep,
scarce in Virginia, 102.

Sheriff,
collects quit rents, 51;
draws up rent roll, 52;
unearths false returns, 54-55.

Sherwood, William,
calls _Bacon's_ men rabble, 93.

Shipbuilding,
materials for needed in England, 8;
lack of injures merchant marine, 9;
materials for found in Virginia, 15;
_Capt. Smith_ explains why Virginia cannot produce materials for, 17.

Shurley, Daniel,
landowning freedman, 74.

Sickness, The Virginia,
_Capt. Blewit_ dies of, 18;
glass workers die of, 19;
servants die of, 33;
described, 39;
terrible mortality from, 39, 80;
abates before end of 17th century, 40;
not fatal to slaves, 128.

Silk,
from South Europe, 12;
in Virginia, 15.

Slaughter, John, 80.

Slave trade,
in hands of Dutch, 31;
restrictions on, 45.

Slaves,
adequate for tobacco raising, 29;
first cargo of in Virginia, 30;
few in Virginia prior to 1680, 31;
influx of, 40;
numbers in 1704, 56;
listed as tithables, 56;
distribution of, 58-59;
inventories show that many planters had none, 106-107;
used by wealthy men in 17th century, 108;
first cargo of, 124;
few prior to 1680, 124;
importations of, 124-125;
Dutch control trade in, 125-126;
fitness of for tobacco culture, 126;
price of, 127;
labor of crude, 127-128;
health of good, 128;
docile, 128;
plots among, 128-129;
no wrong seen in, 129;
duty on importation of, 129;
large importations of, 1680-1708, 130-131;
6,000 by 1700, 130;
12,000 in 1708, 130;
30,000 in 1730, 131;
use of cheapens tobacco, 132;
use of curtails importation of servants, 134;
England favors use of in Virginia, 135-136;
pernicious effect of in ancient Rome, 137-139;
effect of on Virginia yeomanry, 139-155;
causes migration of whites, 139-146;
at first produce only lower grades of tobacco, 147;
become more efficient, 147;
contempt of for poor whites, 152;
small holders of, 152-159;
cast stigma on labor, 155;
large holders of increase in numbers, 155-159.

Smelting,
wood needed for, 8;
in Virginia, 15;
machinery for sent to Virginia, 17;
begun at _Falling Creek_.

Smith, Capt. John,
describes Baltic trade, 8;
explains difficulty of building up manufacturers in Virginia, 17.

Smither, William,
buys 200 acres, 50.

Smyth,
describes poor whites of Virginia, 152, 155.

Spain,
commerce with, 12;
growing domains of, 14;
tobacco of used in England, 25, 26;
tobacco of excluded from England, 67, 68, 86, 87;
tobacco trade to, 119;
trade to injured by war, 131.

Spanish Succession, War of, 103; 115; 119;
cuts off tobacco trade to France and Spain, 131; 148.

Sparshott, Edward,
landowning freedman, 74.

Smith, Lawrence,
sued for arrears of quit rents, 143.

Sparkes, John,
landowning freedman, 74.

Spencer, Capt. Robt.,
servants and slaves of, 59.

Spencer, Secretary,
writes of reviving tobacco trade, 115;
says slaves cheaper labor than whites, 132.

Splitimber, John,
his cattle, 101;
inventory of, 106-107.

Spotsylvania,
large grants in, 145;
poor whites in, 151;
small slave holders of, 153-154;
land transfers in, 154;
large slave holders in, 157; 159.

Spotswood, Alexander,
says slaves cause over production of tobacco, 129; 151;
has 60 slaves, 158.

Storey, John,
imports negroes, 130.

Stuarts, second despotism of,
affects Virginia, 114.

Stublefield, George,
has 42 slaves, 158.

Surry,
land transfers in, 46;
tithables in, 56, 58;
inventories and wills in, 59;
negroes plot in, 128.

Sweden,
tobacco trade to, 118-119.

Symonds, Roger,
granted 100 acres, 81.

Taliaferro, Richard,
has 43 slaves, 158.

Tenants,
few in Virginia, 44, 45, 62.

Thoroughgood, Adam,
servant, _Burgess_ in 1629, 73;
_Burgess_ in 1632, 74;
landowner, 75;
brother of _Sir John Thoroughgood_, 75.

Tithables,
those listed as, 56;
in Surry, 56-57;
number of in various counties, 58.

Tobacco,
history of Virginia built on, 20, 23;
Indians revere, 24;
first cured in Virginia by Rolfe, 24;
Virginia suited for, 24;
ready market for, 24;
extensively used in England, 24;
used by James I, 25;
Virginians turn eagerly to culture of, 25;
send first cargo of to England, 25;
London Company displeased at culture of, 25;
England reconciled to, 26;
Virginia's only hope, 26;
Crown tries to divert Virginia from, 27;
cultivation in Virginia universal, 27;
shapes immigration, 29;
requires unskilled labor, 29;
prosperity of freedmen hinges on, 62;
amount of one man could produce, 63-64;
over production of in 1640, 63;
price of prior to 1660, 64-67;
account for migration of 1618-1623, 64;
rich returns from, 64;
restrictions on trade of, 67-69;
growing of in England prohibited, 67;
tax on, 67;
illegal foreign trade in, 68-69;
reexported from England, 70;
Virginia underbids world in, 70;
returns from, 71-72;
freight on high, 72;
effect of Navigation Acts on, 85-96;
foreign trade in prohibited, 85;
requires world market, 86;
planting in England prohibited, 87;
exports of to Spain, 87;
reexported, 87;
planted in Holland, 88;
glut in England causes price of to drop, 89-91;
exhausts soil, 105;
Charles I makes offer for, 110;
trade of revives, 115-116;
production of increases, 115-116;
returns from, 116;
reexports of, 116-120;
production of abroad, 117;
duty on yields crown large revenue, 121;
price of still low at end of 17th century, 123;
slaves adequate to its cultivation, 127-128;
wars interfere with trade in, 131;
slaves cheapen production of, 132;
poor whites produce the best, 146-147;
foreign trade in ruined by war, 148-150;
advantages of large plantations for, 156-157.

Towns,
few in Virginia, 29.

Townsend, Richard,
Burgess in 1629, 73.

Trussell, John,
landowning freedman, 74.

Turnbull, Robert,
has 81 slaves, 158.

Underwood, John,
patents land in _James City_, 77.

Upton, John,
landowning freedman, 75.

Vegetables,
abundant in Virginia, 102.

_Virginia's Cure_,
says Burgesses mostly freedmen, 74.

_Virginia Unmasked_,
describes Virginia houses, 104.

_Virginia Magazine of History and Biography_,
shows that many freedmen migrated to Virginia, 81.

_Virginia Richly Valued_,
advises emigrants as to outfit, 104.

Wages,
high in Virginia, 16; 29; 30;
low in England, 31.

Wage earners,
few in Virginia, 44;
mostly recently freed servants, 44.

Walker, Robert,
has 52 slaves, 158.

Warburton, Thomas,
patents land in James City, 77.

Warden, Thomas,
landowner, 79.

Warwick,
average plantation of, 53;
farms and tithables of, 58; 81.

Washington, Richard,
deals in servants, 48.

Watson, John,
landowning freedman, 75.

Weaver, Samuel,
landowning freedman, 75.

Webster, Roger,
servant, _Burgess_ in 1632, 74.

Whitlock, Thomas,
will of, 105-106.

Williamsburg, 35; 54.

Williams, William,
buys 200 acres, 50.

Wills,
throw light on distribution of servants and slaves, 59; 73;
headrights mentioned in, 76.

Wine,
prospect for in Virginia, 15.

Woolens,
need of potash for, 8;
French duty on, 13.

Woolritch, William,
landowning freedman, 74.

Wormsley, Ralph, 109;
letter to from _Fitzhugh_, 130.

Wray, Thomas,
granted 50 acres, 81.

Yates, William,
has 55 slaves, 158.

Yeomanry,
largest class in Virginia, 59, 62;
freedmen in, 72-82; 85;
desperately poor, 90-91;
driven to revolt by poverty, 92-93;
no advancement for after 1660, 97-100;
enjoy plentiful food, 101-103;
often suffer for proper clothing, 103-105;
_Burgesses_ represented interests of, 109;
aid in ejecting Harvey, 110;
many favor _Parliament in Civil War_, 110-111;
in control from 1652 to 1660, 112;
chief sufferers from _Navigation Acts_, 113;
support Bacon in rebellion, 113;
struggle for political rights, 114;
few recruits to at end of 17th century, 122;
condition of at end of 17th century, 123;
effect of slavery on in ancient Rome, 137-139;
migration of from Virginia 139-146;
produce higher grades of tobacco, 146-147;
misery of in 1713, 150;
many sink into poverty, 151-154;
many become slave holders, 152-159;
slaves make less industrious, 155; 160.

Yeardley, Sir George, 29;
instructed to enforce free exchange of goods, 65.

York,
land transfers in, 46;
plantations of small, 53;
farms and tithables of, 58;
servants and slaves in, 59;
landowners of who had been headrights, 76; 79; 107; 130.

Young, Richard,
granted 100 acres, 81.

* * * * *

Transcriber's Notes:

1. Passages in italics are surrounded by _underscores_.

2. Punctuation corrections:

Pg. 3 - added closing quotes (" ... not even beggars;")

Pg. 142 - added quotes ("It should be inquired into," he said, "how
it comes to pass ...")

Pg. 151 - added period (for themselves only. Making)

Pg. 152 - added opening quote ("illiberal, noisy and rude,")

Pg. 172 - Footnote [5-29], added closing quote (" ... to the
Government.")

Pg. 251 - added comma after "George" (Archer, George,)

Pg. 252 - changed "." to ";" (Carolina ... 99-100; 139-146.)

Pg. 254 - added comma after "Benjamin" (Harrison, Benjamin,)

Pg. 254 - added comma in Freedmen (what became of, 43;)

Pg. 257 - changed comma to semi-colon (Plantations ... listed in rent
roll of 1704-5, 53;)

3. Spelling Corrections:

Pg. 87 - "exlusive" to "exclusive" (1) (secured exclusive
privileges)

Pg. 88 - "nigher" to "higher" (profit higher at home?)

Pg. 124 - "butt wenty" to "but twenty" (there were but twenty)

Pg. 125 - "chieftians" to "chieftains" (the native chieftains)

Pg. 156 - "Birtish" to "British" (upon British imports)

Pg. 162 - added Chapter Title "Notes to Chapters" as shown in the
Contents.

Pg. 176 - "Britain" to "British" (in Footnote [7-23] ... British
Public Record Office)

Pg. 191 - "ped" to "per" (per Robert Rivers)

Pg. 208 - "Sgeriff" to "Sheriff" (Henry Royall Sheriff)

Pg. 215 - "Shreiff" to "Sheriff" (the Sheriff is to be allowed)

Pg. 215 - added "A" at head of alphabetical list of names.

Pg. 223 - "Sherif" to "Sheriff" (Tho Parker Sheriff)

Pg. 245 - added "D" at head of alphabetical listing of names.

Pg. 252 - "Spotsvylvania" to "Spotsylvania" (Chew, Larkin ... dealer
in _Spotsylvania_)

Pg. 255 - "gratned" to "granted" (Land, ... large tracts granted,)

Pg. 257 - "Eir" to "Sir" (Sandys, Sir Edwin,)

Pg. 258 - "centry" to "century" (Sickness ... abates before end of
17th century,)

Pg. 259 - "Thorouhggood" to "Thoroughgood" (Thoroughgood, Adam, ...
brother of _Sir John Thoroughgood_,)

4. Footnote and Anchor Corrections/Notations:

Footnotes and their anchors have been renumbered to include the
chapter number, thus the Chapter 3 Footnote #5 becomes [3-5] in this
e-text.

Pg. 19 - A second anchor to Footnote [1-18] has been corrected to
anchor Footnote [1-19].

Pg. 87 - Chapter 5, Footnote anchors skip from [5-2] to [5-7], and
again from [5-33] to [5-35]. No anchor points for Footnotes 3 through
6 or 34 appear in the original text though the footnotes are included
in the "Notes to Chapters" beginning on pg. 162. These footnotes have
been marked with a ? "question mark". (ex; ?[5-3]) Also;

Pg. 115 - Chapter 7, Footnotes skip from [7-2] to [7-4]. No reference
point for Footnote 3.

Pg. 163 - Footnote [2-19], no page number was given, (p.--.)

Pg. 179 - Footnote [8-54], in reference to Philip Fithian, Journal
and letters, p. 130 appears twice in original text and has been
retained.

5. Appendix - Information contained in the Rent Rolls appears to have been set out verbatim for each VA county or Parish. Inconsistencies appearing in the original text, which have been retained include:

a. Inconsistent punctuation of abbreviations;
b. Inconsistent representation of abbreviations;
c. Missing end of line punctuation;
d. Inconsistent alphabetization of proper names;
e. Inconsistent spelling of proper names;
f. Inconsistent mathmatical calculations;

6. Other notes and corrections:

Printer or Author regularly used "country" in place of what are VA.
counties.

Pg. 251 - Index listing for Ball, William, no page reference given.

Pg. 253 - "558" to "58" (Index listing for Essex, ... farms and
tithables of, 58.)

Pg. 258 - Index listing for Smelting ... begun at _Falling Creek_.
No page reference given.

7. Word variations:

"_Perfect Discription_" and "_Perfect Description_"

"pre-eminence" and "preeminently"

Comments

The Planters of Colonial VirginiaChapter X: Appendix: 181 (9)

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