Chapter I: Front Matter

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THE REFORM OF EDUCATION

BY GIOVANNI GENTILE

AUTHORIZED TRANSLATION BY DINO BIGONGIARI

With an Introduction by BENEDETTO CROCE

NEW YORK
HARCOURT, BRACE AND COMPANY
1922

COPYRIGHT, 1922, BY
HARCOURT, BRACE AND COMPANY, INC.

PRINTED IN THE U. S. A. BY
THE QUINN & BODEN COMPANY
RAHWAY, N.J.

CONTENTS

PAGE
Introduction vii
I. Education and Nationality 3
II. Education and Personality 18
III. The Fundamental Antinomy of Education 40
IV. Realism and Idealism in the Concept of Culture 63
V. The Spirituality of Culture 85
VI. The Attributes of Culture 110
VII. The Bias of Realism 139
VIII. The Unity of Education 166
IX. Character and Physical Education 192
X. The Ideal of Education 219
XI. Conclusion 246

NOTE

Shortly after Trieste fell into Italian hands, a series of lectures was arranged for the school teachers of the city, in order to welcome them to their new duties as citizens and officials of Italy. The task of opening the series was assigned to Giovanni Gentile, Professor of Philosophy in the University of Rome, who delivered the lectures which constitute the present volume. At my request Signor Gentile has rewritten the first chapter, eliminating some of the more local of the allusions which the nature of the original occasion called forth, and Senatore Croce has very generously contributed his illuminating Introduction. The volume as it stands is more than a treatise on education: it is at one and the same time an introduction to the thought of one of the greatest of living philosophers, and an introduction to the study of all philosophy. If the teachers of Trieste were able to understand and to enjoy a philosophic discussion of their chosen work, why should not the teachers of America?

J. E. S.