Chapter XI: Part I: , Book III. xi (2)

Touching the castle of Temptallen, like as we wrote to Your Highness what we have done to Sir George Douglas in the same, so have I the Earl of Hertford since that time received letters from the Earl of Angus and the said Sir George, which I send herewith to Your Majesty; and what shall be Your Majesty's further pleasure to have done in that behalf, I shall accomplish accordingly; and would right gladly have returned by Temptallen, and made some countenance of assault to the same, but that partly I forbare and tarried for the said answer, and chiefly I was constrained to leave it for lack of carriages for great pieces of artillery and also for lack of powder; and besides that we were so disfurnished by carriages for our victuals, that we were not able to carry so much with us, as might serve us for any longer time than that we might march home. And yet having made as Good Shift and Provision for the same as we could for our lives, the soldiers, ere we came half-way home, were fain to drink water the residue of the way which they did with as good will as ever did men, and as well content to endure labour and pain, without grudging at the same. These respects and lacks enforced us to leave both Temptallen and Hume Castles much against our wills, and to make the haste we could homewards for avoiding of more inconvenience. So that this night we arrived here at Berwick with our whole army, and shall forthwith dissolve the same, to the intent Your Highness may the sooner be exonerated of your great charges sustained in that behalf.

Finally, we have received letters since our arrival here from the lords of your majesty's council, by the which it appeareth that Your Highness' pleasure to have 3900 soldiers chosen out of this army to be transported hence to Calais to serve Your Highness in France,--whereupon I the said Earl have called sundry of the captains afore me, and appointed such as I thought most meet with their numbers for that purpose. Assuring Your Majesty that though the gentlemen are most willing to serve, yet they declare their necessity to be such, which indeed is most evident,--as we see not how it is possible to furnish the said number presently from these parts, to be transported to Calais, unless the gentlemen and their men might have time to go home and prepare and furnish themselves in such sort as they might be able to serve Your Majesty to your honour and their honesties. For having in this journey spent all their money, they say that of force they must go home to make shift for more, and they have neither tents nor pavilions here; for because this enterprise into Scotland was by sea, all gentlemen had special commandment to bring no carriages with them, so that few or none brought any pavilion hither. And as for the soldiers having lain nightly in their clothes, since they came from home being now the space of two months, and for this fortnight, every night in the fields without covering, they have the most part of them, what with cold and great travail and scant victualling have caught such diseases both in their bodies and swelling in their legs, and be so wearied with labour and pain that few or none of them be meet to go to the seas, nor yet able to serve Your Majesty when they come to land to your honor. And besides that they be so far out of apparrell both in shirts, doublets, coats, and all other things, having also no money to furnish the same, that their captains cannot with honesty bring them to the field in such plight. So that except they might have time to refresh themselves, both to get health and such necessary furniture as they now want, undoubtedly we see not how it is possible to pick out the said number of 3900 of such men as may be sent with honesty to serve Your Highness purpose,--as I the said lord Admiral shall declare unto Your Majesty at my coming. In the mean season, we have appointed here 500 Harquebusiers, which be as forward and apt men to serve in strait feat as ever we saw, and also 200 of the Lord Cobham's men, 200 pioneers under the conduct of Mr. Lee and 50 of Sir Christopher Mone's men, besides 500 of those that come by sea, over and above 2000 reserved to keep the sea, so that the whole number that can be had here is 1450 men, which shall forthwith be embarked and transported to Calais, according to Your Majesty's pleasure. And this is as much as can be done here in that behalf, without a longer respect as is aforesaid. Thus Almighty God preserve Your Majesty in your royal estate most felicitously to endure.

At Berwick the xviiith of May and ix o'clock within night. Your Majesty's humble subjects and most bounden servants. (Signed) E. Hertford, John Lisle, Rafe Sadleyr.

[Footnote 68: _i.e._ Cardinal Beaton, leader of the French Party in Scotland.]

ATTEMPTED INVASION OF ENGLAND BY THE FRENCH (1545).

+Source.+--Holinshed, p. 847.

The same month also the Lord Lisle Admiral of England with the English fleet entered the mouth of the Seine, and came before Newhaven, where a great navy of the Frenchmen lay, to the number of a two hundred ships, and six and twenty gallies, whereof the Pope (as was reported) had sent twenty well furnished with men and money to the aid of the French king.

The Englishmen being not past an hundred and threescore sail, and all great ships, determined not to set upon the Frenchmen where they lay: but yet approaching near unto them, shot off certain pieces of ordinance at them, and thereby caused the gallies to come abroad, which changed shot again with the Englishmen.

The gallies at the first had great advantage, by reason of the great calm.

Thrice either part assaulted other with shot of their great artillery, but suddenly the wind rose so high, that the gallies could not endure the rage of the seas, and so the Englishmen for fear of flats were compelled to enter the main seas and so sailed unto Portsmouth where the King lay, for he had knowledge of his espials that the Frenchmen intended to land in the Isle of Wight, wherefore he repaired to that coast, to see his realm defended.

After this, the eighteenth of July the admiral of France Monseiur Danebalte hoisted up sails, and with his whole navy came forth into the seas, and arrived on the coast of Sussex before Bright Hamsteed,[69] and set certain of his soldiers on land to burn and spoil the country: but the beacons were fired and the inhabitants thereabouts came down so thick that the Frenchmen were driven to fly with loss of divers of their numbers; so that they did little hurt there. Immediately thereupon they made to the point of the Isle of Wight, called Saint Helen's point, and there in good order upon their arrival they cast anchors, and sent daily sixteen of their gallies to the very haven of Portsmouth. The English navy lying there in the same haven, made them ready, and set out toward the enemies, and still the one shot hotly at the other; but the wind was so calm, that the king's ships could bear no sail, which greatly grieved the minds of the Englishmen, and made the enemies more bold to approach with their gallies, and to assail the ships with their shot even within the haven.

The twentieth of July, the whole navy of the Englishmen made out, and purposed to set on the Frenchmen, but in setting forward, through too much folly, one of the King's ships called the _Marie Rose_ was drowned in the midst of the haven, by reason that she was overladen with ordinance, and had the ports left open, which were very low, and the great artillerie unbreeched so that when the ship should turn, the water entered, and suddenly she sank. In her was Sir George Carew knight and four hundred soldiers under his guiding. There escaped not past forty persons of all the whole number. On the morrow after about two thousand of the Frenchmen landed at the Isle of Wight, where one of their chief captains named le Chevalier Daux, a Provençois, was slain with many other, and the residue with loss and shame driven back again to their gallies.

The King perceiving the great Armada of the Frenchmen to approach, caused the beacons to be fired, and by letters sent into Hamptonshire, Summersetshire, Wiltshire, and into divers other countries adjoining, gave knowledge to such as were appointed to be ready for that purpose, to come with all speed to encounter the enemies. Whereupon they repaired to his presence in great numbers well furnished with armour, weapon, vittels, and all other things necessary, so that the Isle was garnished, and all the frontiers along the coasts fortified with exceeding great multitudes of men. The French captains having knowledge by certain fishermen, whom they took, that the King was present, and so huge a power ready to resist them, they disanchored and drew along the coast of Sussex, and a small number of them landed again in Sussex, of whom few returned to their ships; for divers gentlemen of the country, as Sir Nicholas Pelham, and others, with such power as was raised, upon the sudden, took them up by the way and quickly distressed them.

When they had searched everywhere by the coast, and saw men still ready to receive them with battle, they turned stern, and so got them home again without any act achieved worthy to be mentioned. The number of the Frenchmen was great, so that divers of them that were taken prisoners in the Isle of Wight and in Sussex did report that they were three score thousand. The French king advertised the emperor most untruly by letters, that his army had gotten the Isle of Wight with the ports of Hamton, and Portsmouth, and divers other places.

[Footnote 69: _i.e._ Brighthelmstone = Brighton.]

THE CAPTURE OF THE BARQUE AGER (1545).

+Source.+--Hall's _Henry VIII_.

In this time, there was by the Frenchmen a voyage made towards the Isle of Brazil, with a ship called the Barque Ager, which they had taken from the Englishmen before. And in their way they fortuned to meet suddenly with a little Craer, of whom was Master one Golding, which Golding was a fierce and an hardy man. The barque perceiving this small Craer to be an Englishman, shot at him and boughed him, wherefore the Craer drew straight to the great ship, and six or seven of the men leapt into the Barque: the Frenchmen looking over the board at the sinking of the Craer, nothing mistrusting anything, that might be done by the Englishmen. And so it fortuned that those Englishmen which climbed into the ship, found in the end thereof a great number of lime pots, which they with water quenched, or rather as the nature thereof is, set them a fire, and threw them at the Frenchmen that were aboard, and so blinded them, that those few Englishmen that entered the ship, vanquished all that were therein, and drove them under hatches, and brought the barque clearly away again into England.

SPEECH MADE BY KING HENRY VIII. AT THE OPENING OF PARLIAMENT (1546).

+Source.+--Edward Hall's _Henry VIII_.

Although my Chancellor for the time being, hath before this time used, very eloquently and substantially, to make answer to such orations, as hath been set forth in this high court of Parliament, yet is he not so able to open and set forth my mind and meaning, and the secrets of my heart, in so plain and ample manner, as I myself am and can do; wherefor I taking upon me to answer your eloquent oration, Master Speaker, say, that where you, in the name of our well-beloved Commons hath both praised and extolled me, for the notable qualities that you have conceived to be in me, I most heartily thank you all, that you have put me in remembrance of my duty, which is to endeavour myself to obtain and get such excellent qualities, and necessary virtues, as a Prince or Governor, should or ought to have, of which gifts I recognize myself both bare and barren; but of such small qualities as God hath endued me withal, I render to his goodness my most humble thanks, intending with all my wit and diligence, to get and acquire to me such notable virtues and princely qualities as you have alleged to be incorporate in my person. These thanks for your loving admonition and good counsel first remembered, eftsoons thank you again, because that you, considering our great charges (not for our pleasure, but for your defences, not for our gain, but to our great cost), which we have lately sustained, as well in defence of our and your enemies, as for the conquest of that fortress, which was to this realm, most displeasant and noisome, and shall be by God's grace hereafter, to our nation most profitable and pleasant, have freely of your own mind, granted to us a certain subsidy specified in a certain act, which verily we take in good part, regarding more your kindness, than the profit thereof, as he that setteth more by your loving hearts, than by your substance. Besides this hearty kindness, I cannot a little rejoice when I consider the perfect trust and sure confidence which you have put in me, as men having undoubted hope and unfeigned belief in my good doings and just proceedings for you, without my desire or request, have committed to mine order and disposition, all Chantries, Colleges, Hospitals, and other places specified in a certain act, firmly trusting that I will order them to the glory of God, and the profit of the commonwealth. Surely if I contrary to your expectation, should suffer the ministers of the Church to decay, or learning (which is so great a jewel) to be ministered, or poor and miserable people to be unrelieved, you might say that I being put in so special a trust, as I am in this case, were no trusty friend to you, nor charitable man to mine even Christian,[70] neither a lover of the public wealth, nor yet one that feared God, to whom account must be rendered of all our doings. Doubt not I pray you, but your expectation shall be served, more godly and goodly than you will wish or desire, as hereafter you shall plainly perceive.

Now sithence I find such kindness on your part towards me, I can not chose but love and favour you, affirming that no prince in the world more favoureth his subjects, than I do you, nor no subjects or commons more, love and obey, their sovereign lord, than I perceive you do me, for whose defence my treasure shall not be hidden, nor yf necessity require my person shall not be unadventured; yet although I with you, and you with me, be in this perfect love and concord, this friendly amity can not continue, except both you my lords temporal, and you my lords spiritual, and you my loving subjects, study and take pain to amend one thing, which surely is amiss, and far out of order, to the which I most heartily require you, which is, that charity and concord is not amongst you, but discord and dissention beareth rule in every place. S. Paul saith to the Corinthians, in the xiii Chapter, Charity is gentle, Charity is not envious, Charity is not proud, and so forth, in the said Chapter: Behold then what love and Charity is amongst you, when the one calleth the other Heretic and Anabaptist, and he calleth him again Papist, Hypocrit and Pharisee. Be these tokens of charity amongst you? Are these the signs of fraternal love between you? No, no, I assure you, that this lack of charity among yourselves, will be the hindrance and assuaging of the fervent love between us, as I said before; except this wound be salved, and clearly made whole, I must needs judge the fault and occasion of this discord to be partly by negligence of you the fathers and preachers of the spirituality. If I see a man boast and bragg himself, I cannot but deem him a proud man. I see and hear daily that you of the clergy preach one against another, teach one contrary to another, inveigh one against another without charity or discretion. Some be too stiff in their old Mumpsimus, others be too busy and curious in their new Sumpsimus. Thus all men almost be in variety and discord, and few or none preach truly and sincerely the word of God, according as they ought to do. Shall I now judge you charitable persons doing this? No, no, I cannot so do: alas, how can the poor souls live in concord when you preachers sow amongst them in your sermons debate and discord? Or if they look for light, and you bring them to darkness? Amend these crimes I exhort you, and set forth God's word, both by true preaching, and good example giving, or else I whom God hath appointed his Vicar, and high minister here, will see these divisions extinct, and these enormities corrected, according to my very duty, or else I am an unprofitable servant, and untrue officer.

Although as I say, the spiritual men be in some fault, that charity is not kept amongst you, yet you of the temporality be not clean and unspotted of malice and envy, for you rail on Bishops, speak slanderously of Priests, and rebuke and taunt Preachers, both contrary to good order and Christian fraternity. If you know surely that a bishop or preacher erreth or teacheth perverse doctrine, come and declare it to some of our Council or to us, to whom is committed by God the high authority to reform and order such causes and behaviours, and be not judges yourselves, of your own phantastical opinions, and vain exposicions, for in such high causes ye may lightly err. And all though you be permitted to read holy scripture, and to have the word of God in your mother tongue, you must understand that it is licensed you so to do, only to inform your own conscience, and to instruct your children and family, and not to dispute and make scripture a railing and a taunting stock, against Priests and Preachers (as many light persons do). I am very sorry to know and hear, how unreverently that most precious jewel the word of God is disputed, rhymed, sung and jangled in every Alehouse and Tavern, contrary to the true meaning and doctrine of the same. And yet I am even as much sorry that the readers of the same follow it in doing so faintly and coldly; for of this I am sure, that Charity was never so faint amongst you, and vertuous and Godly living was never less used, nor God himself amongst Christians was never less reverenced, honoured or served. Therefore, as I said before, be in Charity one with another, like brother and brother, love, dread and serve God (to the which I as your supreme head, and sovereign lord, exhort and require you) and then I doubt not but that love and league that I spake of in the beginning shall never be dissolved or broken between us. And the making of laws, which be now made and concluded, I exhort, you the makers, to be as diligent in putting them in execution, as you were in making and furthering the same, or else your labour shall be in vain, and your commonwealth nothing relieved. Now to your petition, concerning our royal assent to be given to such acts as passed both the houses. They shall be read openly, and ye may hear them.

[Footnote 70: = my fellow Christian.]

HUGH LATIMER'S SERMON ON "THE PLOUGHERS" (1549).

+Source.+--Latimer's _Remains and Sermons_, Corria Parker Society (1844); "Sermon on the Ploughers."

... Now what shall we say of these rich artisans of London? What shall I say of them? Shall I call them proud men of London, malicious men of London, merciless men of London? No, no, I may not say so, they will be offended with me then. Yet must I speak. For there is reigning in London as much pride, as much covetousness, as much cruelty, as much oppression, as much superstition, as was in Nebo?[71] Yes, I think and much more too. Therefore I say, repent O London! repent, repent! Thou hearest thy faults told thee; amend them, amend them. And you rulers and officers, be wise and circumspect, look to your charge and see you do your duties and rather be glad to amend your ill living than to be angry when you are warned or told of your fault.... But London cannot abide to be rebuked; such is the nature of man. If they be pricked, they will kick. If they be rubbed on the gall, they will wince. But yet they will not amend their faults, they will not be ill spoken of. But how shall I speak well of them? If you could be content to receive and follow the word of God and favour good preachers, if you could bear to be told of your faults, if you could amend when you hear of them: if you would be glad to reform that is amiss: if I might see any such inclination in you, that leave to be merciless and begin to be charitable, I would then hope well of you, I would then speak well of you. But London was never so ill as it is now. In times past men were full of pity and compassion, but now there is no pity; for in London their brother shall die in the streets for cold, he shall lie sick at their door between stock and stock, I cannot tell what to call it, and perish there for hunger. In times past when any rich man died in London, they were wont to help the poor scholars of the university with exhibition. When any man died, they would bequeathe great sums of money towards the relief of the poor. When I was a scholar at Cambridge myself, I heard very good report of London and knew many that had relief of the rich men of London; but now I can hear no such good report and yet I enquire of it and hearken for it, but now charity is waxed cold, none helpeth the scholar nor yet the poor. And in those days what did they when they helped the scholars? Many they maintained and gave them livings that were very papists and professed the pope's doctrine; and now that the knowledge of God's word is brought to light, and many earnestly study and labour to set it forth, now almost no man helpeth to maintain them. Oh! London! London! repent, repent, for I think God is more displeased with London than ever he was with the city of Nebo. Amend therefore; and ye that be prelates, look well to your office, for right prelating is busy labouring and not lording. Therefore preach and teach and let your plough be doing; ye lords, I say, that live like loiterers, look well to your office; the plough is your office and charge. If you live idle and loiter, you do not your duty, you follow not your vocation; let your plough therefore be going and not cease, that true ground may bring forth good fruit. But now, me thinketh I hear one say unto me, wot you what you say? Is it a work? Is it a labour? How then hath it happened that we have had so many hundred years so many unpreaching prelates, lording loiterers, and idle ministers? Ye would have me here to make answer and to shew the cause thereof. Nay, this land is not for me to plough, it is too strong, too thorny, too hard for me to plough. They have so many things that make for them, so many things to lay for themselves, that it is not for my weak team to plough them. They have to lay for themselves long customs and ceremonies and authority, placing in parliament, and many things more. And I feare me this land is not yet ripe to be ploughed. For, as the saying is, it lacketh weathering; at least way it is not for me to plough. For what shall I look for among thornes but pricking and scratching? What among stones, but stumbling? What (I had almost said) among serpents, but stinging? But this much I dare say, that since lording and loitering hath come up, preaching hath come down, contrary to the Apostles' times. For they preached and lorded not. And now they lord and preach not.

But now for the fault of unpreaching prelates, me thinke, I could guess, what might be said for excusing of them: They are so troubled with lordly living, they be so placed in palaces, couched in courts, ruffling in their rents, dancing in their dominions, and burdened with ambassages, pampering of their paunches like a monk that maketh his jubilee, munching in their mangers and moiling in their gay manors and mansions, and so troubled with loitering in their Lordships: that they cannot attend it. They are otherwise occupied, some in the king's matters, some are ambassadors, some of the Privy Council, some to furnish the court, some are Lords of Parliament, some are presidents and some are comptrollers of mints. Is this their duty? Is this their office? Should we have ministers of the Church to be comptrollers of the mints? Is this a meet office for a prieste that hath the cure of Souls? Is this his charge? I would here ask one question? I would fain know who controlleth the devil at home at his parish while he comptrolleth the mint? If the Apostles might not leave the office of preaching to be deacons, shall one leave it for minting?

And now I would ask a strange question? Who is the most diligent bishop and prelate in all England, that passeth all the rest in doing his office? I can tell, for I know him, who it is; I know him well. But now I think I see you listing and hearkening, that I should name him. There is one that passeth all the other, and is the most diligent prelate and preacher in all England. And will ye know who it is? I will tell you. It is the Devil. He is the most diligent preacher of all other, he is never out of his diocese, he is never from his cure, ye shall never find him unoccupied, he is ever in his parish, he keepeth residence at all times, ye shall never find him out of the way; call for him when you will, he is ever at home, the diligentest preacher in all the Realm; he is ever at his plough, no lording or loitering can hinder him; he is ever applying his business, ye shall never find him idle, I warrant you. And his office is, to hinder religion, to maintain superstition, to set up idolatry, to teach all kind of popery; he is ready as can be wished to set forth his plough, to devise as many ways as can be, to deface and obscure God's glory. Where the Devil is resident and hath his plough going: there away with books, and up with candles, yea, at noon-days. Where the Devil is resident, that he may prevail, up with all superstition and idolatry, sensing, painting of images, candles, palms, ashes, holy water and new service of men's inventing, as though man could invent a better way to honour God with than God himself hath appointed. Down with Christ's Crosse, up with Purgatory pick-purse, up with him, the popish purgatory, I mean. Away with clothing the naked, the poor and impotent, up with decking of images and gay garnishing of stocks and stones, up with man's traditions and his laws, down with God's tradition and his most holy word. Down with the old honour due to God, and up with the new God's honour, let all things be done in Latin. There must be nothing but Latin, not as much as "Memento, homo, quod cinis es, et in cineres reverteris"--Remember, man, that thou arte ashes and into ashes thou shalt return. Which be the words that the minister speaketh, to the ignorant people, when he giveth them ashes upon Ash Wednesday, but it must be spoken in Latin. God's word may in no wise be translated into English. Oh, that our prelates would be as diligent to sow the corn of good doctrine, as Satan is to sow cockel and darnel! And this is the devilish ploughing, the which worketh to have things in Latin and letteth the fruitful edification.

[Footnote 71: A Moabite town; see Jeremiah xlviii.]

THE ORDINANCES, STATUTES AND RULES MADE BY JOHN LORD TIPTOLFE, EARL OF WORCESTER, CONSTABLE OF ENGLAND, BY THE KING'S COMMANDMENT, AT WINDSOR ON THE 29TH OF MARCH (CIRCA 1590).

+Source.+--From Sir J. Harrington's _Nugae Antiquae_, Vol. III., p. 234, 1792.

Reserving always to the Queen and to the Lord President, the attribution and gift of the prizes, after the manner and form accustomed. For their demerits according to the articles ensuing:

_How many ways the prize is won._

First, whoso breaketh most spears, as they ought to be broken, shall have the prize.

Item, whoso breaketh three times, in the sight of the helm, shall have the prize.

Item, whoso meeteth two times, coronal[72] to coronal, shall have the prize.

Item, whoso beareth a man doun with stroke of spear shall have the prize.

_How many ways the prize shall be lost._

First, whoso striketh a horse shall have no prize.

Item, who striketh a man, his back turned, or disarmed of his spear, shall have no prize.

Item, whoso hitteth the toile[73] three times shall have no prize.

Item, whoso unhelms himself two times shall have no prize, unless his horse do fail him.

_How broken spears shall be allowed._

First, whoso breaketh a spear between the saddle and the coronal[74] of the helm shall be allowed for one.

Item, whoso breaketh a spear from the coronal upwards shall be allowed for two.

Item, whoso breaketh a spear, so that he striketh his adversary doun, or put him out of his saddle, or disarms him in such wise as he may not run the next course after, or breaketh his spear coronal to coronal shall be allowed as three spears broken.

_How spears broken shall be disallowed._

First, whoso breaketh on the saddle shall be disallowed for spear-breaking.

Item, whoso hitteth the toile once shall be disallowed for two.

Item, whoso hitteth the toil shall, for that blow the second time be disallowed three.

Item, whoso breaketh a spear, within a foot to the coronal, shall be adjudged as no spear broken, but a faint attaint.[75]

_For the Prize to be given and who shall be preferred._

First, whoso beareth a man doun out of the saddle, or putteth him to the earth, horse and man, shall have the prize before him that striketh coronal to coronal two times.

Item, he that strikes coronal to coronal two times, shall have the prize before him that strikes the sight three times.

Item, he that strikes the sight three times shall have the prize before him that breaketh more spears.

Item, if there be any man that furnisheth in this wise, which shall be deemed to have bidden longest in the field helmed, and to have run the fairest course, and to have given the greatest strokes, and to have holpen himself best with his spear he shall have the prize.

JOHN WORCESTER.

_At Tourney._

Two blows at the passage, and ten at the joining, more or less as they make it. All gripings, shocks and foul play forbidden.

_How Prizes and Tourney and barrier are to be lost._

He that giveth a stroke with a pike from the girdle downwards, or under the barrier, shall win no prize.

He that shall have a close gauntlet, or anything to fasten his sword to his hand, shall have no prize.

He whose sword falleth out of his hand shall win no prize.

He that stayeth his hands in fight or the barrier shall win no prize.

He whosoever shall fight and doth not shew his sword to the judges before, shall win no prize.

Yet it is to be understood that the Challengers may win all these prizes against the Defendants.

The Maintainers may take aid or assistance of the noblemen, of such as they shall like best.

[Footnote 72: Coronal = (_a_) The head of a tilting lance of iron, furnished with two, three, or four blunt points, which give a good hold on shield or helmet when striking but do not penetrate; (_b_) the ornamentation on the helmet, to which the plume or crest was usually attached.]

[Footnote 73: The barrier separating the two competitors.]

[Footnote 74: See note on previous page.]

[Footnote 75: Attaint was the technical term for a hit.]

A LITTLE PROHEME TO THE BOOK CALLED _GRAMMATICA RUDIMENTA_, BY DEAN COLET (1527).