Chapter IX: An East Anglian River

The Ouse may fairly be called the most characteristic of East Anglian rivers, as it is unquestionably the most important of them. For in its higher reaches it has all of such sober charms as the leisurely streams of the east may boast of, while in its lower ones it loses itself in the great artificial canal-like arteries by which it drains the fen country. It rises near Brackley in Northamptonshire, begins to assert itself as it passes the town of Buckingham, and by the time it reaches Olney, of name familiar as the home of the poet Cowper, is large enough to be a prominent note in the landscape. A dozen times, within as many recent years, it so happens I have come down the hill into Olney from the north and have learned to hail as a welcome relief to a not very stimulating 20 miles of Midland highway, the pleasing view which the Ouse here discloses on a sunshiny day, spreading its bright coil down the valley below to where in fine isolation the great parish church stands beside its banks. The Ouse, from its source to its mouth, is at least distinguished for the character and variety of the ancient towns it washes. Olney, a quiet typical little old-world country town, of a single street, has lately asserted its position so vigorously as the shrine of Cowper that the world which had begun to forget the fact is not likely, with its new passion for tardy justice to inadequately honoured celebrities, to forget it again. From Olney to Bedford, some dozen miles, is perhaps the prettiest stage of the Ouse. At the delectable and ornate village of Turvey there is a fine whirling mill-pool, and through the meadows beyond and particularly about Bromham, there is some very charming river scenery of the willow, the mill-pool, and the country-house type.

In Bedford, through which town it flows, the Ouse is a conspicuous and ornamental feature. Indeed, it may be truly said to adorn every town it touches. The old bridge, the long reach bordered with pleasant houses or bowery garden walls, the life stirring upon it incidental to a great educational centre given much to boating, are all of an inspiring

kind. But Bedford is, of course, a unique type of place: an old town which would no doubt be given over to John Bunyan, as its obscure neighbour Olney is to Cowper, if the presence of some 3000 school boys and girls and their much less occupied belongings had not submerged its past in a whirl of modernity at work or play. Gliding slowly onward, full of lusty chub and hungry pike, of bream and roach, amid scenery that a certain school of landscape painter dearly loves, and so slowly that the weeds in places almost choke its bed, the Ouse drops down another dozen miles to St. Neots. This place, which seems to have some affinity with the same saint that is honoured in a Cornish town, is very much on the Ouse. It is a fine broad river by this time and washes the back gardens of the houses as you enter the main street of the town, which is dominated by an imposing church of the late Perpendicular period. Hence both the highway and the great northern main line follow the valley of the Ouse to Huntingdon. Much the most important person--though of course fortuitously so, and merely because he kept an invaluable journal which has escaped destruction--associated with this stage of the river is Samuel Pepys, whose house at Brampton is still standing. At Godmanchester, only a mile short of Huntingdon, the Ouse contributes more conspicuously than ever, assisted by a great mill-pool, to the beautifying of an old-fashioned place where, as at St. Neots, and just beyond at Huntingdon, are numbers of those pleasant old eighteenth or early nineteenth century residences standing just back from the road in well-timbered grounds or bowery gardens.

Huntingdon follows quickly, and of course the memory of the great Protector altogether dwarfs that of the poet Cowper, who resided here with the Unwins in a house still standing near the church before he moved to Olney. One ought to quote one or other of the various lines and couplets that this very gentle bard has devoted, incidentally as it were, to this very gentle stream. But it is not, I think, fair to a poet of merit and letter-writer of much more than merit, to print fragments that, taken by themselves, have in this case none whatever. But Huntingdon bridge with its six arches is much older than either Cowper or Cromwell, being almost certainly of early mediæval origin. In the heart of the pleasant town, where its long narrow High Street opens into a square, is "All Saints Church," with its battlements and crocketts and its fifteenth-century origin written all over it.

Immediately opposite is the little old grammar school where both Cromwell and Pepys--the latter before going to Westminster--were educated; a beautiful little twelfth-century building with a recessed and lavishly moulded Norman doorway surmounted by Norman windows and arcading. Originally the Hospital of St. John the Baptist, when the writer visited it recently the voice of the pedagogue, mingling with that unmistakable subdued murmur of schoolboys in their bridled hours, met us at the entrance in a manner so appropriate to the retrospective nature of the fabric as to more than make up for the loss of anything to be seen inside. Hinchinbrook, now and since the Cromwells sold it prior to the Civil War, the home of the Earls of Sandwich, is the "Great house" of the Huntingdon neighbourhood. Many will have to be reminded that the Cromwells were not such by actual right of name, but were descended from one Williams, a cadet of a respectable Glamorganshire family who, as a relative and favourite of the great Thomas Cromwell, Earl of Essex, took his name for obviously practical purposes. This Richard Cromwell, _alias_ Williams, acquired much Church property at the Dissolution, Hinchinbrook among the plums. A man of parts, he became great and wealthy. His son Sir Henry more than sustained his reputation, and built the great mansion more or less as we see it now at Hinchinbrook. Royalty was several times entertained there, but with the third generation and Sir Oliver, that knight's continuously lavish living caused the transfer of the property to the Montagues. His younger brother Robert, however, had a generous portion in the Huntingdon estate, as every one knows except some foolish people who think because his only son Oliver is supposed to have had a brewery, and certainly was also a farmer, that he was not what the world calls a gentleman. Cromwell's position was of course far better than that of most younger sons of landed families, who had rarely any land and were only too glad of an opening in trade--even a humble one.

For half a dozen miles through a flat country the road follows the Ouse to St. Ives. On the farther bank are the two Hemingfords, where tall luxuriant timber, mellow old buildings of various degrees, a large mill and wide-spreading mill-pool and forests of tall reeds, strike a fine contrasting note amid the far-spreading meadows. As you approach St. Ives, a huge old tithe barn at some cross roads would arrest the attention from any distance. It is called

after the Protector from a tradition that within it he drilled his first local levies. St. Ives had no connection, like St. Neots, with the Cornish equivalent, but finds its origin in the incredible visitations of a Persian missioner, one Ivo. However that may be, the town was known till near Cromwell's day as Slepe, and at Slepe Hall, a large mansion within it only removed in modern times, the Protector dwelt when he was farming the surrounding lands.

The town of course contains abundant matters of interest, but is in itself perhaps less attractive to the passing visitor than those higher up the Ouse. But the river itself, now increased considerably here, makes the finest display of all, skirting the houses in wider current and spanned by a bridge of six arches very like its fellow at Huntingdon. Two of the arches are of only Queen Anne date, but the others are lost in the mists of time. The special feature of the bridge, however, is a curious sexagonal chapel of apparently four stories and one room thick. It was originally a chapel, but since the Dissolution has served in many capacities--even that of a public-house--and is now a private dwelling. At the end of the bridge is an ancient Tudor building once the Manor House. Altogether the bridge at St. Ives with its fine swell of waters, its old quays and gable ends on one bank and pendent trees on the other, with the view upstream over spreading meadows and down-stream towards the spacious fen lands, is a notable one, a paradise for oarsmen and the joy of the bottom fisher. In the market-place of St. Ives, too, stands a statue to Cromwell on the strength of his long residence here and general association with the neighbourhood. Many, no doubt, of those who formed the early companies and troops of the "New Model" came from St. Ives. The parish church is a fine specimen of the Decorated style, while its tower has had the unusual experience of losing two spires by wind and collapse in quite modern times.

One is here at the very edge of Cambridgeshire, and well on towards the fen country. The Ouse below St. Ives is no longer confined to its natural course, but canalised and manipulated in various ways for drainage purposes of this great far-reaching fen-land. It is about 15 miles from here to Ely by road, and the journey along it takes the traveller into another kind of country from the ordinary grass and fallow and timbered hedgerow, sometimes flat and sometimes undulating through which the Ouse has hitherto meandered.

It must be conceded that the fen country is forbidding. No doubt it has its compensating moments and aspects, but the intervals of waiting for them must be oppressive. Enthusiasts may be heard anon chanting its praises (theoretically) even as a region of permanent abode, but there is not a little posing nowadays in such matters. In the Middle Ages in the dead of winter the fen country must have been imposing; but the fen from St. Ives to Ely in the height of summer, with its continuously unfenced cultivation, its ever-recurring grain-fields, its lack of wood and of English landscape-graces generally, is very depressing. It is most interesting, however, to watch the isle of Ely rising out of the fat levels and drawing gradually nearer till the road itself at last rises on to it, and the beautiful Cathedral, lifted high above the fen-land and above the East Anglian levels that are not fen, looks southward to where the striking mass of King's Chapel rises beneath the faint smoke-cloud which marks the famous town of Cambridge.

We meet the Ouse again at Ely. Since University rowing began it has been associated with Cambridge as an object of pilgrimage to enterprising oarsmen, and in a more professional way the time-honoured seat of the Annual race between the University trial eights. For I trust it is not necessary to remind the reader that the river Cam or Granta flows into the Ouse near Ely. At this preternaturally quiet and diminutive little cathedral town we must leave the Ouse to find its devious and much-bridled way to King's Lynn and to the North Sea. Ely Cathedral is, of course, distinguished for the abundance of perfect Norman work that survives within it, while the old red brick episcopal palace contiguous to it, and the precincts generally, with their snug gardens and whispering leaves, are, as in such a place they should be, the veritable haunts of ancient peace.

INDEX

_The references in black type refer to illustrations._

Abbot Lichfield, 157

Abbot's Cleeve, 158

Abbots Worthy, 93

Aberedw, 45, 46, 49

Abergwessin, 46

Aberystwith, 40

Adur, the, 211

Aire, the, 233

Allen, the, 102, 106

Aln, the, 102, 130

Alnwick, 129, 130

Alresford, 93, 95, 98, 99

Alston, 105

Amberley, 215, 216

Amesbury, 72, 75, 76, 77, 78

Amesbury Abbey, 76

Apperley Court, 35

Appleby, 137

Appledore, 192

Arley, 21, 22

Armstrongs, the, 144

Arrow, the, 54

Arun, the, 201, =208=, =210=, 213, 214, 216

Arundel, 211, 215, 216

Ashelworth ferry, 35

Ashford, 220

Astley, 26

Atcham, 20

Avebury, 66, 70

Avington Park, 97

Avon, the Bristol, 149, 150, 151, =154=
the Devon, 164, 172, 173, 177
the Salisbury, 64, =66=, 71, 72-76, 79,
80, 83-86, 153, 155, 156, 157, =158=, 158, 159

Avon, the Stratford, 152

Axe, the, =204=, 207, 208

Aylesford, 219

Aymestry, 54

Aysgarth Force, 251

Badgworthy, 203, 204

Balliol, Barnard, 266

Barden, 237, 238

Barden Tower, 236

Baring-Gould, 184

Barle, the, 191, 204, 205, 206

Barnard Castle, 265, 266

Barnstaple, 192, 197

Barnstaple Bay, 192

Bassenthwaite, 148

Bath, 66, 150, 152

Battlefield Church, 17

Becket, Thomas à, 223, 242

Bedford, 270, 271
Duke of, 181, 182

Bellingham, 122

Bemerton, 81

Bere Alston, 181

Berkshire, 64, 71

Berry Pomeroy, 167

Bettons, 18

Beult, the, 219

Bewcastle, 140

Bewley, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25

Bickleigh, 184

Bideford, 178, 192, 197, 198

Bidford, 157

Birlingham, 158

Birmingham, 22, 24, 40, 43

Bishopstoke, 93

Blackmore, 203

Black Mountains, 43, 44, 47, 51, 52, 59

Blaen Hafryn, 9

Blencowe, 138

Bloody Meadow, 34

Bolland, 232

Bolton Abbey, 234, 235, 238, 239
Castle, 251
Hall, 230, 231

Border Rivers, the, 101-148

Boughrood, 44

Bournemouth, 86

Box Hill, 217

Brackley, 269

Bradford, 150, 233, 244

Brampton, 271

Brathay, the, 146, =150=

Bray, the, 196, 197

Brecon, 8, 40, 45

Brede, the, 212

Bredon Hill, 156, 158

Bredwardine, 50

Breiddon Hills, 10, 14

Brendon, 203

Brent, 172, 173, 177, 190

Brent Tor, 189

Bridgenorth, 21

Bridge Sollars, 51

Brighton, 214

Brinkburn Priory, 128

Bristol, 22, 66, 149, 150, 152
Channel, 22, 177, 191

Broadway, 156

Bromham, 270

Bromleys, 26

Brougham, 138, 238
Castle, 138

Broughton-in-Furness, 147

Brown Willy, 179

Browne, William, 183

Bruce, 117

Buckfastleigh, 166

Buckingham, 64, 269

Budleigh, 207

Buildwas, 21

Builth, 46

"Builth rocks," 46

Bunyan, John, 271

Burgh, Hubert de, 242

Buttermere, 148

Byford, 51

Caermarthen, 40

Caldbeck, 141

Calder, the, 140, 232

Caldron Snout, 263, 264, 265

Calne, 151

Calstock, 181

Cam, the, 278

Cambridge, 277

Camden, 252

Candover, 98

Canterbury, 220, 222, 223, 224
Cathedral, 223

Caradoc, 20

Cardigan, 40

Carlisle, 112, 138, 140, 142, 143

Carter Fell, 120

Castle Hill, 197

Chadbury Mill, 158

Chalk Streams, the, 64-100

Challacombe, 196, 205

Charles II., 28, 78, 159

Chartham, 221

Chatham, 218, 219

Chepstow, 44, 55, 60
Castle, =34=, 62, 63

Chesters, 118

Cheviots, the, 102, 120, 121, 122, 133, 134, 141

Chilham, 221

Chillingham, 133

Chipchase Castle, 119

Chippenham, 151

Chirbury, 12

Chisenbury, 72

Christchurch, 84, 86

Civil War, 37

Claerwen, the, 42

Clare, 61

Clarendon, 84
Lord, 80

Clares, the, 37

Claverings, the, 129

Cleeve, 156
Prior, 157, 158

Cleveland Hills, 256
Duke of, 265

Clifford, 44

Clifford, Black, 236
Castle, 49
Henry Lord, 236

Cliffords, the, 240

Clifton, 150

Clitheroe, 230, 232, 233

Clun, 10

Clywedog, the, 9

Coalbrook Dale, 21

Coalport, 21

Cobbett, 81

Cobbett's _Rural Ride_, 72

Cocker, the, 148

Cockermouth, 148

Cogham, 217

Coleridges, the, 145

Colne, the, 100

Combertons, the, 158

Condover brook, 19

Coombe Martin, 202

Coquet, the, 102, 122, 123, 124, 125, 128, 130, 132

Corbridge, 114

Cornwall, 164, 165, 178, 179, 199

Cotehele, 181

Cotswolds, the, 36, 156

Cowper, the poet, 269, 270, 271, 272

Craven country, 231

Cromwell, 69, 159, 238, 245, 272, 274, 275, 276

Cromwell, Sir Henry, 274

Cropthorne, 158

Crossfell, 102, 136, 263

Crummock, 148

Cuckmere, the, 221, 213

Cumberland, 136, 143, 147

Cwm Elan, 42

Dacre, fortalice of, 138

Dacre, Lord, 120

Danby, 250

Darenth, the, 218

Darlington, 252, 268

Dart, the, 154, 164, 165, =166=, 171, 172, 177, 185

Dartford, 218

Dartington Hall, 167

Dartmeet, 165

Dartmoor, 161, 165, 179, 185, 190, 191

Dartmouth, 168, 170, 171

Dean, Forest of, 36, 57, 60

Deerhurst, 35

De Quincey, 145

Derwent, Derbyshire, the, _Frontispiece_, =38=, 101, 147, 148, 229
the Borrowdale, =142=, =146=
the Eastern, 101

Derwentwater, 109, 148

Devon, the Rivers of, 161-208

Devonshire, 161-208
Duke of, 235

Dickens, 267, 268

Dilston, 109

Dinton, 80

Dipford, 173

Dipton Dene, 109

Dittisham, 170

Doldowlod, 45

Dore, the, 50

Dorset, 64, 84

Dove, the, =100=

Douglas, 121

Downton, 30

Drake, Sir Francis, 182, 183, 189

Duddon, the, 147

Dudley, Earls of, 26

Dulverton, 206

Durham, 101, 102, 136, 264, 266

Durrington, 72

Eamont, the, 137

Easby Abbey, 258

Ebbsfleet, 226

Eden, the, 102, 136, =136=, =140=, 141, 142, 143

Edgcumbe, 181

Edgehill, 157, 159

Edw, the, 46

Edward I., 11, 76, 117, 246
II., 38
III., 129
IV., 34

Eggesford, 196

Eggleston Abbey, 268

Ehen, the, 147

Elan, the, 41, 42, 45

Elfrida, Queen, 76

Elizabeth, Queen, 26, 189, 231

Ellenborough, Lord, 140

Elmley Castle, 158

Ely, 277, 278
Cathedral, 278

Endsleigh, 181

Enford, 72

Ennerdale, 147

Epynt, the, 45, 47

Erme, the, 164, 172, =172=

Erwood, Rapids of, 49

Esher, 217

Esk, Cumberland, the, 143, 147
the Yorkshire, 229

Etheldreda, Queen, 114

Evesham, 154, 156, 157, 158, 159

Exe, the, 177, 191, =200=, =202=, 204, 206

Exeter, 189, 190, 192, 206

Exmoor, 161, 191, 196, 197, 202, 205, 206

Exmouth, 206

Falcon Clints, 265

Faversham, 220

Fawcett, Prof., 85

Featherstonhaughs, the, 109, 139

Felton Bridge, 128

Figheldean, 72

Fitzhamon, Robert, 33

Fladbury, 158

Fleet, 25

Fleetwood, 32

Flodden, 134, 237, 250

Fonthill, 80

Fordingbridge, 84

Fortescues, the, 197

Fountains Abbey, 248

Gade, the, 100

Gaunt, John of, 242

Gay, the poet, 77

Geoffrey of Monmouth, 58, 59, 76

Giggleswick, 230

Gilpin, Dr., 114

Gilsland, 140

Gisburn, 230

Glamorgan, 33

Glasbury, 47, 48

Gloucester, 35, 36
Cathedral, 38

Glyndwr, Owen, 15, 50

Godmanchester, 272

Godmersham, 221

Goodrich Castle, 55

Grahams of Netherby, 144

Granham Hill, 68

Greta, 267, 268

Gretna Green, 142

Greystone Bridge, 179, 180

Grosmont Castle, 58

Guy's Cliff, 153

Hafryn, the, 9

Hallow Park, 26

Haltwhistle, 107, 110

Hamoaze, the, =162=

Hampshire, 64, 87, 98

Harrogate, 240, 241

Hartlebury Castle, 26

Haughmond Hill, 19

Haweswater, 137

Hawkins, 170

Hay, 44, 47, 49

Haydon Bridge, 106

Headbourne, 93

Headons Mouth, 202

Heale, 78

Helvellyn, 139

Hemingfords, the, 274

Henry III., 11, 12

Henry IV., 15, 17, 129

Henry VI., 231, 233

Henry VII., 18, 237, 253

Henry VIII., 58

Herbert, George, 81

Herbert, Lord, of Chirbury, 12

Hereford, 43, 51, 52, 53, 54, 55
Cathedral, 52

Herefordshire, 30, 44, 50, 58

Heron Family, 119

Hertford, Lord and Lady, 69, 77

Hertfordshire, 64

Hexham, 104, 105, 106, 107, 114, 115, 118, 246, 248
Abbey, 115
Battle of, 109

Hexhamshire, 109, 114

Heytesbury, 81

High Force, 263, 264, 265

Hinchinbrook, 273

Hodder, the, 232

Holm Lacy, 53

Holne, 167

Holne Chase, 166

Holt, 25
Castle, 26

Homildon Hill, 135

Honddu, the, 50, 57

Horton Manor, 221

Hotspur, 17, 121, 129, 130, 135

Houghton Castle, 119

Huish, 173

Humber, the, 229, 234

Hungerford, 71

Huntingdon, 271, 272

Hutton John House, 138

Hyde, Mrs., 78

Ingilbys, the, 245

Instow, 192

Irfon, the, 46

Irt, the, 147

Irthling, the, 102, 140

Itchen, the, 64, 87, 88, =88=, 90, 92, 93, =94=, 99, 154
Abbas, 88, 94, 95
Stoke, 94

Ithon, the, 45

Ivybridge, 172

James II., 69

Jervaulx Abbey, 251

Katharine of Arragon, 76

Kendal, 147

Kennet, the, 64, 66, 67, 68, 69, 70, 71, 87, 88, 91

Kent, 147, 209, 217, 220, 222

Kentchurch Court, 58

Kerry, 10
Hills, 45

Keswick, 238
Greta, 146

Keynsham, 150

Kingsbridge, 172

Kingsley, Charles, 88, 167

King's Lynn, 278

Kings Nympton, 197

Kintbury, 71

Kirby Stephen, 258

Kirkoswald, 139, 140, 141

Knaresborough, 241, 242, 246

Lacock, 151
Abbey, 151

Lake District, 136, 141
House, 78

Lancashire, 230, 232

Lanfranc, 223

Langdale Pikes, 147

Launceston, 178, 179

Lawes, 80

Lazonby, 140

Leamington, 154

Leatherhead, 217

Leeds, 233, 252

Leith Hill stream, a, =216=

Leven, the, 147

Lew, the, 184

Lewes, 211, 213

Liddel, the, 102

Liddesdale, 117

Littlecote, 69, 70
Wild Darrell of, 70

Littlehampton, 211, 215, 216

Llangurig, 41

Llanidloes, 9, 10

Llanthony Abbey, 38

Llewelyn III., 46
"the Great," 12

Llyfni, the, 48

Llysdinam, 45

Llywarch Hen, 20

Loddiswell, 173

Longford, 84

Longmynd, 21

_Lorna Doone_, 203, 204

Lowther, the, 137

Ludlow, 30

Lugg, the, 54

Lune, the, 136, 265

Lydbrooke Junction, 156

Lydd, 211
the, 184, 190

Lynmouth, 185, 201, 203

Lynn, the, 185, =198=, 202, 204

Lynton, 201, 203

Maidstone, 218, 219

Malmesbury, 151

Malvern Hills, 31, 157

Manningford Bruce, 71

Mardale, 147

Margaret, Queen, 34, 109

Marlborough, 67, 68, 69, 76
College, 67, 68
Downs, 66, 150

_Marmion_, 262

Marmions, the, 249

Marston Moor, 245

Marteg, the, 41

Martinsell, 71

Mary Queen of Scots, 148

Mary Tavy, 185

Masham, 250

Massey, 37

Mayhill, 36

Maze beck, 264

Meavy, the, 184

Medway, the, 217, 218, 219, 220, =220=, 221, 223, =224=, =226=

Meole, 19

Meschines, William de, 239

Micklefell, 264

Middleham, 251

Middlesborough, 228

Middleton, 265

Milton, 221

Moat Lane, 9

Moccas, 50

Mole, the, 216, 217

Monington, 50

Monmouth, 44, 56, 57, 58, 59

"Monmouth caps," 22

Monmouthshire, 57

Monnow, the, 50, =52=, 57, 58

Montagues, the, 274

Montgomery Castle, 11, 12, 13
Roger of, 11

Montgomeryshire, 9, 10, 14, 40

Morecambe Bay, 147, 230

Morritt, Mr., 267

Mortimers, the, 37
Cross, 54

Morwell, 181

Moulsey, 217

Mowbray, vale of, 256

Much Wenlock Priory, 21

Musgraves, the, 144

Mytton, the Governor of Shrewsbury, 18

Nadder, the, 80

Naseby, 153, 154, 158

Netheravon, 72, 74, 75

Neville, Anne, 266

Neville's Cross, 129

Newbiggin, 138

Newbury, 71

Newby Bridge, 147

Newcastle, 103, 104, 105, 112

New Forest, 84, 86

Newhaven, 211, 214

Newtown, 10

Nidd, the, 228, 240, 241, =242=, 243, 245, 252

Northamptonshire, 153, 269

Northumberland, 101, 102, 108, 136

Norton, 158

Offa's Dyke, 11

Offenham, 157

Okehampton, 190, 192

Okement, the, =37=, 190, 191, 201

Olney, 269, 270, 271, 272

Ombersley, 26

Otter, the, 207

Otterburn, 121

Ouse, the East Anglian, =268=, 269, =270=, 270,
271, 272, =272=, 274, =274=, 275, 276, =276=, 278
the Sussex, 211, =212=, 213, 214, =214=
the Yorkshire, 228, 229, 245, 252

Pant-y-dwr, 9

Pateley Bridge, 243

Peel, John, 141

Peel-towers, 138

Pegwell Bay, 225

Pembroke, Anne, Countess of, 237

Pendle Hill, 232

Pennine Range, 102, 136, 137, 139, 141, 146, 230, 258, 263

Penrith, 137, 140

Penruddocks, the, 80

Penshurst, 218

Pepys, Samuel, 271, 273

Percies, the, 15, 29, 109, 122

Pershore, 154, 158

Petteril, the, 140

Pewsey, 71, 74

Piers Gaveston, 242

"Pilgrims' way," 221

Pinkerry, 204

Plinlimmon, 6, 7, 8, 9, 40

Plym, the, 184

Plymouth, 164, 172, 177, 178, 181, 184, 187, 189

Pontrilas, 57

Popham, 70

Portinscale, 148

Portsmouth Arms, 196 Lord, 196

Powick, 30
Bridge, 27

Powis Castle, 13

Powys Fadog, 10

Preshute, 67

Presteign, 54

Preston, 230, 232, 233

Prudhoe, 109

Pudsay's Leap, 231

Pudsays, the, 231

Pulborough, 215

Queensbury, Duke and Duchess of, 77

Radnorshire, 8, 40, 45
Moors, 30, 47, 50, 54

Raleigh, 170

Ramsbury, 70
Chase, 69

Ramsgate, 225

Ravenglass, 147

Reading, 71

Redbrook, 60

Rede, the, 115, 117, 120, 121, 122

Redesdale, 117-120, 121

Redgauntlet, 143

Redhill, 217

Reedsmouth, 120

Reidseweir, 120

Rhayader, 43, 44, 48

Ribble, the, 228, 230, 231, 232, 233

Richard III., 266

Richmond, Yorks, 246, 253, 254, 255, 257, 258
Castle, 256

Ridleys, 109

Ringwood, 84, 85, 86

Ripley (Yorkshire), 245

Ripon, 245, 246, 247, 249, 257
Cathedral, 246
Marquis of, 248

Robertsbridge, 211

Rob Roy, 123

Rochester, 218, 219, 220

Roger, Archbishop, 247, 248

_Rokeby_, 262, 265, 268

Rokeby House, 266

Roman Wall, 101, 111, 118, 122, 141

Romney Marsh, 211, 212

Romsey Abbey, 99

Rosamond, fair, 49

Roses, War of the, 34, 37, 160

Ross, 44, 60, 53, 54, 56

"Ross, Man of," 55

Rossthwaite, 147

Rothay, the, 146

Rothbury, 123

Rother, the Eastern and Western 211, 212, 215, =216=, 224

Rupert, Prince, 27, 159

Russells, the, 182

Rutupium, 226

Rye, 211, 212, 224

St. Augustine, 222, 223, 226

St. Cross, 93

St. Ives, 274, 275, 276, 277
Bridge, 275

St. John's, 265

St. Neots, 271, 272

St. Wilfrid, 114, 246, 248

Salcombe, 173

Salisbury, 75, 78, 79, 84, 86, 92

Salisbury Plain, 66, 72, 76, 80, 81

Salkeld, 139

Sandwich, 220, 224, 225
Earls of, 273

Savernake Forest, 69, 70

Scafell, 147

Scarborough, 229

Scott, Sir Walter, 113, 123, 249, 259, 260, 261, 263, 267

Scotts of Buccleuch, the, 144

Scropes, the, 250, 251, 258

Seaford, 211

Seaton, 207

Settle, 230

Severn, the, 1-38, =6=, =18=, =30=, =34=

Severn "bore," 35

Seymours, the, 67

Shakespeare, 129, 156, 157, 159

Sharpham, 170

Sharpness Point, 35

Shawford, 99

Shawley, 233

Sheppey Island, 220

Shoreham, 211, 214

Shrawley wood, 26

Shrewsbury, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19

Shropshire, 14, 21

Sidmouth, 207

Sidney, Sir Philip, 80, 117

Simon-de-Montfort, 159

Simonsbath, 205

Sittingbourne, 220

Skell, the, 248

Skelwith Force, =144=

Skenfrith Castle, 58

Skiddaw, 139, 143
Forest, 140

Skipton, 237

Slepe Hall, 275

Slingsby family, 242

Solway, 142, 143

Somerset, 161, 206
Protector, 77

Southey, 145, 146

South Hams, 172, 173

Stainmore forests, 265

Stanhope, 265

Stapleton on the Wiley, =82=

Staverton, 167

Stonehenge, 67, 76

Stonyhurst College, 233

Stour, the Kent, 218, 220, 221, 222, 224, 225, 226
the Midlands, 24
the Suffolk, =268=, =278=

Stourport, 24

Stratford, 153, 154, 156, 157, 158

Stridd, the, 235

Studley Royal, 248

Surrey, 209, 216, 217

Sussex, 209, 211, 214, 217

Swale, the, 220, 228, 245, 252, =252=, 253, =254=, 256, =256=, 258, =258=

Swinburne, 119

Symond's Yat, 44, 55, 61

Tal-y-llyn, lake of, 48

Tamar, the, 165, 177, 178, =178=, 179,
180, 181, 182, =182=, 184, 185, 187, 188, 189, 191, 198

Tanfield, Tower of, 249

Tate, Canon, 256

Tavistock, 179, 181, 182, 183, 184, 185, 187, 188, 189
Abbey, 183

Tavy, the, 184, 185, 186, =186=, 187, 190

Tavy Cleeve, 185

Taw, the, 191, 192, 196

Tees, the, 136, 228, 229, =260=, 262, 263, 264, =264=, 265, =266=, 268

Teise, the, 219

Teme, 27, 29, 54, 154

Tenbury, 30

Test, the, 64, 87, 88, 90, 99, 100

Tewkesbury, 29, 32, 152, 154, 160

Tewkesbury Abbey, 33, 34, 160
Battle of, 34

Thames, the, =64=, =70=, =152=, =160=, =208=, 217, 218, 220, 222

Thirsk, 229

Thomson, the poet, 69

Tichbourne, 98

Tilbury, 70

Till, the, 102, 133, 134, 135

Tillingham, the, 212

Tintern Abbey, 44, 59, 60, 61

Tiverton, 206

Torridge, the, 192, 198, 199, 200, 201

Torrington, 193, 198

Totnes, 167, 168, 171

Trafalgar, 84

Trent, the, =228=

Trowbridge, 151

Tunbridge, 218

Turvey, 270

Tweed, the, 133

Tweedmouth, 103

Tyne, the, =102=, 103, 104, 113, 136
the North, 102, 105, 112, 115, 117, 118, 120, 121, 122, 123, 125

"Tynesider, the," 104

Tyne, the South, 101, 102, 105, 106, 107, 110, 111, 115

Ullswater, 137

Unwins, the, 272

Upavon, 72

Upton on Severn, 32

Ure, the, 228, 245, =246=, 248, 249, =250=, 251

Uriconium, 15, 20

Usk, the, 59

Vyrnwy, the, 14

Waddington, 233

Walkham, the, 185, 188, 189

Wallace, 117

Wandsbeck, the, 102

Warden Woods, 118

Wardour, 80

Wark, 120

Warkworth 129, 130
Town of, 132

Warminster, 81, 82

Warwick, 154
Castle, 153

Wastwater, 147

Watermouth, 202

Watling Street, 220

Wear, the, 265

Wellford Bridge, 157

Welshpool, 13

Wenlock Edge, 20

Wensley Dale, 249, 251

Westbury, 151

Westerham, 218

Westmoreland, 136, 137, 258, 264

Wey, the, 216, =218=, =222=

Whalley, 233

Wharfe, the, 228, =230=, 234, =234=, 235, 236, 237, 238, =238=, 243, 252

Whitby, 229

Whitchurch, 99

Whitecliff Scaur, 257

Whitley, 26

Whittington, 140

Wiley, the, 64, 80, 81, 83

William, 69

Williance, 257

Williemoteswyke, 110

Wilton, 80, 81, 82
House, 80

Wiltshire, 64, 66, 70, 78, 80, 81, 84, 86, 87, 151

Winchelsea, 212

Winchester, 89, 92, 93, 98

Windermere, 146, 147

Woodleigh, 173

Wooler, 133

Wooler burn, 134

Worcester, 24, 25, 26, 28, 29, 37
Battle of, 28, 32
Cathedral, 27

Worcestershire, 25

Wordsworth, 145, 146, 147, 176

Workington, 148

Worthing, 214

Wrekin, 20

Wye, the, =34=, 39-63, =40=, =46=, =60=, =62=, 221

Wyndcliff, 44, 61

Wyndhams, the, 80

Wyre Forest, 24

Wyvern, Sir Thomas, 250

Yalding, 219

Yanwath, 138

Yeoford Junction, 192

Yes Tor, 190

York, 245

Yorkshire, 227, 264

Yorkshire Dales, 227-268

THE END

_Printed by_ R. & R. CLARK, LIMITED, _Edinburgh_.

End of Project Gutenberg's The Rivers and Streams of England, by A.G. Bradley