Chapter III: Wood-Demons and Tree-Spirits

General characteristics of the tree-demon—The fabulous monsters of
Chaldaea—The _jinni_ of Arabia—The hairy monsters of the Bible—The
tree-demons of Egypt—The woodland creatures of Greece—Centaurs and
Cyclops—Pan, satyrs, and sileni—The fauns and silvani of
Italy—Female woodland spirits—The hamadryads—Alexander and the
flower-maidens—The vine-women of Lucian—Corresponding instances in
modern folk-lore—The soul of the nymph actually held to inhabit
the tree—The belief that blood would flow when the tree was
injured—Examples from Virgil, Ovid, and from modern
folk-lore—Indian belief in wood-spirits.

The wood-spirits of Central and North Europe—Their general
characteristics—The moss-women—The wild women of Tyrol—The
wood-spirits of the Grisons—The white and green ladies—The Swedish
tree-spirit—The Russian Ljeschi—The Finnish Tapio—The Tengus of
Japan—Wood-demons of Peru and Brazil 52