Chapter II: The Historical Development of the Southern War Poetry (2)

Lyric as had always been the poetic genius of the South, it was but natural that her anguished cry of despair and defeat should be put into the mouths of her poets. For the most part, the poems on this theme are of beautiful quality, and those still extant form the largest single class in the war poetry of the four years.[18] Correspondingly, they constitute a glass wherein one may see how defeat came to the South, and how she met the challenge of the issue. There were, of course, some spirits which cried out beneath the unendurable prick that death itself had been preferable to defeat. There is not emotion more appalling than despair for which one sees no relieving element of comfort. Such poems as “Stack Arms,” by Joseph Blythe Alston, “Doffing the Gray,” by Lieutenant Falligant, “The Price of Peace” by “Luola” or “Peace” by Alethea Burroughs of Savannah are terrible expressions of this attitude. At the same time, there were those who like Mrs. Preston, in “Acceptation,” met the issue more bravely and gently:

We do accept thee, heavenly Peace!
Albeit thou comest in a guise
Unlooked for--undesired, our eyes
Welcome, thro’ tears, the kind release
From war and woe and want--surcease
For which we bless thee, holy Peace!

We lift our foreheads from the dust;
And as we meet thy brow’s clear calm,
There falls a freshening sense of balm
Upon our spirits. Fear--distrust--
The hopeless present on us thrust--
We’ll front them as we can, and must.

* * * * *

Then courage, brothers! Tho’ our breast
Ache with that rankling thorn, despair,
That failure plants so sharply there--
No pang, no pain shall be confessed;
We’ll work and watch the brightening west,
And leave to God and Heaven, the rest.

There were others who accepted the inevitable gracefully, but defiantly.

Weep, if thou wilt, with proud sad mien,
Thy blasted hopes--thy peace undone;
Yet brave, live on--nor seek to shun
Thy fate, like Egypt’s conquered queen.

Though forced a captive’s place to fill,
In the triumphal train--yet there,
Superbly, like Zenobia, wear
Thy chains--_Virginia victrix_ still.[19]

There were yet others to whom the fall of the Confederacy was typified in the furling of its banner. Poems like “The Conquered Banner,” by Father Ryan, and J. C. M.’s “Cruci Dum Spiro, Fido,” and A. J. Requier’s “Ashes of Glory” are typical expressions of such spirits. Then there were those who, like D. B. Lucas, “In the Land Where We Were Dreaming,” began to regard the struggle as the passing of a spirit world with which had passed all chivalry and beauty.

There are many of these verses portraying the end, each slightly differing in spirit from the one before, each repaying careful study with the beauty of its melody, and as a class, forming the noblest group of the war poems, whose only companions may be the earliest of the “Cry to Arms” series. Yet these poems of defeat are infinitely the more appealing in that the fire and dash of the earlier verses has here given way to the dignity of sorrow. “For the people’s hopes are dead.”

Hundreds of poems written during the four years of conflict reflect either individual reactions to war conditions, or incidents of battle. Besides these there are the prison verses, humorous pieces, and the southern songs, which in no way concern the historical passage of the War. There are poems of personal feeling, for example, like the exquisite and tender “The Confederate Soldier’s Wife Parting From Her Husband” or Major S. Y. Levy’s “Love Letter,” or Fanny Downing’s “Dreaming.” There are poems that picture the life of the civilian population, like “The Homespun Dress” by Miss Sinclair, or the anonymous “Your Mission” which is of more than passing interest since in the South it was attributed equally to John R. Thompson, Mrs. Preston, Paul H. Hayne, and Mrs. Browning.[20] There are poems reflecting the ravages of the war on the families of the soldiers, like “Heart Victories,” “Somebody’s Darling,” “Reading the List,” “Volunteered,” and “The Unreturning.” One could continue the catalogue indefinitely.

The prison verse, while not extensive, is for the most part, of good quality. There are five men whose work may be considered as representative, S. Teackle Wallis, who was imprisoned at Fort Warren, and four at Johnson’s Island. Wallis’s “To The Exchanged Prisoners” was written in Fort Warren in July ’62, and is one of the first of the prison poems which we can identify as such. The others, Major A. S. Hawkins, Colonel Beuhring H. Jones, Colonel W. W. Fontaine, and Major George McKnight, (“Asa Hartz,”) wrote two years later, in ’64 and ’65. Hawkins was the author of many poems, all of them popular, “The Hero Without a Name,” “To Infidelia,” “True to the Last,” “Give Up,” “A Prisoner’s Fancy.” About the best known of Beuhring Jones’ verses were “To a Dear Comforter,” and the rather humorous “Rat den Linden.” Fontaine was the author of many poems, notably “The Countersign,” “Virginia Desolate,” and “The Cliff Beside the Sea.” It remained for “Asa Hartz” to while away his prison hours in writing lines so delightfully humorous, so free and swift moving, that it is difficult to believe they could have been written within prison walls. “Living or Dying,” “Will No One Write to Me?” “To Exchange-Commissioner Ould,” and “My Love and I” are among the best of his lighter verses: “Exchanged,” and “Farewell to Johnson’s Island” are of more sober temper. “My Love and I” is the best example of his work:

My love reposes on a rosewood frame--
A bunk have I;
A couch of feathery down fills up the same--
Mine’s straw, but dry;
She sinks to sleep at night with scarce a sigh--
With waking eyes I watch the hours creep by.

My love her daily dinner takes in state--
And so do I (?);
The richest viands flank her silver plate--
Course grub have I.
Pure wines she sips at ease, her thirst to slake--
I pump my drink from Erie’s limpid lake!

My love has all the world at will to roam--
Three acres I;
She goes abroad, or quiet sits at home--
So cannot I;
Bright angels watch around her couch at night--
A Yank, with loaded gun, keeps me in sight.

A thousand weary miles do stretch between
My love and I;
To her, this wintry night, cool, calm, serene,
I waft a sigh;
And hope with all my earnestness of soul,
Tomorrow’s mail may bring me my parole!

There’s hope ahead! We’ll one day meet again--
My love and I;
We’ll wipe away all tears of sorrow then,
Her lovelit eye
Will all my many troubles then beguile,
And keep this wayward reb. from Johnston’s Isle.

The poetry dealing with incidents of the war is varied, and touches many subjects. There were such verses for example, as “The Silent March,” by Walker Meriweather Bell, written on an occasion during the war when General Lee was lying asleep by the wayside and an army of fifteen thousand men “passed by with hushed voices and footsteps, lest they should disturb his slumbers;” “Stonewall Jackson’s Way,” written on the theme of the great general’s ability “always to be where needed and in the thick of things;” “The Lone Sentry,” based on an incident, common to all wars, of the great general relieving a weary sentry; “The Battle Rainbow” by John R. Thompson, inspired by the rainbow that appeared the evening before the beginning of the Seven Days of Battle before Richmond. “The rainbow overspread the eastern sky, and exactly defined the position of the Confederate army, as seen from the Capitol at Richmond.” There were poems like “Music in Camp” also by John R. Thompson, suggested by an incident that occurred just after Chancellorsville: and “The Unknown Hero,” by W. Gordon McCabe, based on the discovery, “after the Battle of Malvern Hill, of a [Confederate] soldier lying dead fifty yards in advance of any man or officer, his musket firmly grasped in the rigid fingers, name unknown, simply ‘2 La’ on his cap.”

Another interesting group of poems, closely connected with the war, although not with the actual progress of events, is found in the national and the army songs which were sung in camp and field and by the fire-side. It was natural that “Dixie” should be the most popular of airs, and while it admitted of endless variations and sentiments, the words that were generally sung to it were those by Albert Pike. The Marseillaise was another widely popular air, to which were sung any number of poems. One of these “The Southern Marseillaise” by A. E. Blackmar, written early in 1861, was sung by the troops as they marched to their assembling points, and may very properly be called the Rallying Song of the South.

“The Bonnie Blue Flag,” by Harry Macarthy was the favorite of the popular national songs. It was first sung by him on the stage of the Academy of Music in New Orleans, in September, 1861, and caused such excitement that the event precipitated a riot. When General Butler was in command of the city, two years later, he threatened to impose a fine of twenty-five dollars on any man, woman or child who sang it. In addition he arrested the publisher, A. E. Blackmar, destroyed the sheet music, and fined him five hundred dollars. After the tune became established as a favorite, Mrs. Annie Chambers Ketchum of Kentucky wrote other words to the air, which were frequently used.[21] In addition to the national songs, the various states used particular anthems. Maryland had Randall’s song, “Maryland, My Maryland.” For South Carolina there were Timrod’s noble lines in the same strain, “Carolina.” “Georgia, My Georgia” was written by Carrie Bell Sinclair, and the “Song of the Texas Rangers” by Mrs. J. D. Young. These are but a few among a longer list.

It has been said[22] that while the Confederate Army was not “absolutely destitute of songs, it simply lacked a plentiful supply of songs written especially for the moment.” This is far from being the case. Indeed, the camp songs and marching ballads written in the Confederate camps during the war, are legion. They vary in excellence from “The Cavaliers’ Glee” by Captain William Blackford of Stuart’s staff, to the extremely popular and delightful “Goober Peas,” by A. Pender. For the camp catches there were certain stock tunes, such as the “Happy Land of Canaan,” “Wait for the Wagon,” “We’ll Be Free in Maryland,” “Gay and Happy,” which were used over and over, and to which words were improvised to fit the occasion. Even the slender Confederate Navy had her stock of ballads. “The Alabama,” by E. King, author of “Naval Songs of the South,” is the best representative of this class.

It is not strange that during the chaotic days of the Confederacy, poems that had been written by Southerners in antebellum days were published in the South as of Confederate origin; and that poems of the war period written in the North or abroad should be attributed to Confederate authors. In the first category are verses such as “My Wife and Child,” by Henry R. Jackson of Georgia, which he wrote during the Mexican War, and in the second class, “The Soldier Boy,” a widely popular poem which was really by the Englishman, Dr. William Maginn (1793-1842), whom Thackeray satirized as “Captain Shalow” in _Pendennis_, but which was assigned to “H. M. L.” of Lynchburg, and even given the circumstantial date of May 18, 1861. Another poem that was widely copied, but which was really written by T. Buchanan Read in Rome in 1861, was “The Brave at Home.”

Two other poems whose origins have attracted much attention are “The Confederate Note,” by Major S. A. Jonas of Mississippi, and “All Quiet Along the Potomac Tonight,” by Mrs. Ethel Lynn Beers. Major Jonas seems to have established unquestionable claim to his poem in a letter to the Louisville _Courier_, under date of December 11, 1889. The poem by Mrs. Beers was a long time claimed for Lomar Fontaine. Mrs. Beers had written the verses in 1861, in which year they had appeared in _Harper’s Weekly_. Late in ’62 they began to circulate in the South, and for some unknown reason were assigned to Lomar Fontaine. He was at once showered with praise and eulogy, but it is interesting to note that in the Editor’s Table of the _Southern Literary Messenger_ for June, 1863 (p. 375) at the end of verses by Henry C. Alexander “To Lomar Fontaine, the author of the verses entitled ‘All Quiet Along the Potomac Tonight,’ and if report be true, one of the unrewarded heroes of the South” the Editor has subscribed the following discriminating comment: “It is questionable whether Fontaine wrote the ‘All Quiet Along the Potomac.’ There was no occasion to incite such a poem. Our pickets along the Potomac were rarely if ever shot: those of the Yankees were shot night after night.[23] We have heard that the author of the lines attributed to Fontaine is an Ohioan. A brave man--a hero, if you will,--Fontaine has yet to prove that he is a poet.”

One other poem whose origin has been questioned is “The Countersign,” which, reprinted in the Philadelphia _Press_ in 1861, was declared to have been written by a private in Company G, Stuart’s Engineer Regiment, at Camp Lesley, near Washington. F. F. Browne, in _Bugle Echoes_, cryptically adds: “But it may now be stated positively that it was written by a Confederate soldier, still living. The third line of the fifth stanza affords internal evidence of Southern origin.” This Confederate soldier was Colonel W. W. Fontaine.

Metrical study of the Southern war poetry leads inevitably to the conclusion that Southern temperament lent itself naturally to rhythmic expression. The poets of the South, many of them untrained in the technique of their art, wrote in every metrical arrangement that can be imagined, from curious irregular unrhymed rhythms to ballad measure, and to the long and intricate stanzaic forms used by Simms and Timrod. In nearly every case, except, of course, with the cruder camp songs, the verses flow felicitously, and the effect is melodious. Even in the sonnet form[24] although the Southerner did not seem capable of writing a true sonnet, the rhythm moves with ease and harmony. The verses may infringe every rule of the sonnet form, but the result is effective.

Such is the achievement of the Southern war verse. It is a wonderfully effective expression of sentiment, and becomes all the more remarkable when one considers the conditions under which it was created. It was written in a land first rich and prosperous, then through four weary years ravaged and starved into ruin: by soldiers in the field and in the prisons, and women suffering silently at home. Even the mediums through which this poetry was published, shared the vicissitudes of the land, and have been generally destroyed or scattered. Nevertheless the war poetry of the Confederacy which remains to us today, stands as an enduring memorial to the inherent nobility of the Southern heart and to the fidelity of devotion to principle, which has always given the South the admiration of those who, while they cannot agree with her point of view, must nevertheless respect her courage and spirit. At the same time it forms a notable contribution to the literature of our land. Best of all, this poetry satisfies the function of those “Sentinel Songs” of which Father A. J. Ryan wrote, on May sixth, 1867:

When sinks the soldier brave
Dead at the feet of Wrong,
The poet sings, and guards his grave
With sentinels of song.

* * * * *

When marble wears away
And monuments are dust,
The Songs that guard our soldiers’ clay
Will still fulfill their trust.

FOOTNOTES:

[1] See _War Poetry of the South_, ed. by W. Gilmore Simms, Preface, pp. v and vi.

[2] See _An American Anthology_, Introduction, p. xxii.

[3] See _An American Anthology_, Introduction, p. xxii.

[4] Noted in the Editor’s Table of The Southern Literary Messenger for January, 1862.

[5] See _Biographical and Critical Studies of Southern Authors_, “Irwin Russell,” p. 97.

[6] See The Creed of the Old South, pp. 24 and 25.

[7] See The Creed of the Old South, p. 38.

[8] See _Southern Prose and Poetry_, p. 15.

[9] See _Biographical and Critical Studies of Southern Authors_, “Irwin Russell,” pp. 97 and 98.

[10] See “_To the South_,” stanza V, by James Maurice Thompson.

[11] See _South Songs_, p. vii.

[12] See _Photographic History of the Civil War_, vol. 9, pp. 86 and 88.

[13] See _War Poets of the South: Singers on Fire_, S. A. Link, p. 382.

[14] “_Butler’s Proclamation_” by Paul H. Hayne, occasioned by Butler’s order to the effect: “It is ordered that hereafter when any female shall by word, gesture or movement insult or show contempt for any officer or soldier of the United States, _she shall be regarded and held liable lo be treated as a woman of the town_, plying her vocation.”

[15] See _The Creed of the Old South_, by Basil L. Gildersleeve, p. 13.

[16] See “Shermanized” by L. Virginia French.

[17] “_Prayer for Peace_,” by S. Teackle Wallis of Maryland.

[18] In the present collection, eighty-one poems are definitely concerned with the immediate circumstances of defeat.

[19] “_Virginia Capta_” by Mrs. Margaret J. Preston.

[20] See _South Songs_, edited by T. C. de Leon, note 11, p. 149.

[21] See _The South in History and Literature_, by Mildred Lewis Rutherford, p. 254.

[22] See _Three Centuries of Southern Poetry_, by Carl Holliday, p. 112.

[23] This was probably due to the fact that the Southern slopes of the river were wooded as compared with the rather bare Northern side.

[24] In the present collection there are seventeen sonnets.

REFERENCE BIBLIOGRAPHY

_An American Anthology, 1787-1900._ Selections illustrating the
editor’s critical review of American poetry in the nineteenth
century. Edited by Edmund Clarence Stedman. Boston and New
York: Houghton Mifflin Company. The Riverside Press, Cambridge,
1900.

_The Creed of the Old South, 1865-1915._ By Basil L.
Gildersleeve. Baltimore: The Johns Hopkins Press, 1915.

_History of the Civil War, 1861-1865._ By James Ford Rhodes,
LL.D., Litt.D.: with maps. New York: The Macmillan Company,
1917.

_The Photographic History of the Civil War_, Vol. IX. Poetry
and Eloquence of the Blue and Gray: edited by Dudley H. Miles,
Ph.D., Columbia, introduction by Dr. W. P. Trent, of Columbia.
Appendix. Songs of the War Days--Soldier Songs and Negro
Spirituals. New York: The Review of Reviews Co., 1911.

_Poets of the South_: A series of Biographical and Critical
Studies with typical poems, annotated by F. U. N. Painter,
A.M., D.D. New York, Cincinnati, Chicago, 1903.

_The South in History and Literature_: A Handbook of Southern
Authors from the Settlement of Jamestown, 1607, to Living
Writers. By Mildred Lewis Rutherford, Athens, Ga. Atlanta: The
Franklin-Turner Co., 1907.

_South Songs: From the Lays of Later Days._ Collected and
Edited by T. C. De Leon. New York: Blelock & Co., No. 19
Beekman Street, 1866.

_The Southern Literary Messenger._ Dr. G. W. Bagby, Editor,
January, 1862. Macfarlane & Fergusson, Proprietors, Richmond,
Va.

_Southern Prose and Poetry_: for Schools. By Edwin Mims and
Bruce R. Payne. Charles Scribner’s Sons: New York, Chicago,
Boston, 1910.

_Southern Writers: Biographical and Critical Sketches_: “Irwin
Russell.” By William Malone Baskerville. September, 1896.
Barber & Smith, Agents, Nashville, Tenn.

_War Poetry of the South._ Edited by William Gilmore Simms,
LL.D. New York: Richardson & Company, 540 Broadway, 1867.

_War Poets of the South: Singers on Fire._ By Samuel Albert
Link. Nashville, Tenn: Barber & Smith, Agents, c. 1898.

BIBLIOGRAPHY OF COLLECTIONS EXAMINED

Material from _Boston_ Boston Athenaeum.
broadsides.

Material from _New York_ New York Public Library anthologies,
Confederate imprints.

Material from _Philadelphia_ Library Co. of Philadelphia:
Main branch.
newspaper clippings.
Ridgway branch.
broadsides,
songs,
newspaper clippings,
Mr. Samuel’s collection.

Material from _Baltimore_ 1. Maryland Historical Society.
Scrap book of broadsides
(Mr. Lennox Birkhead).
2. Baltimore, City Librarian’s
Office, City Hall.
Ledger 1411,
newspaper clippings.

Material from _Washington_ Congressional Library.
broadsides (MSS. Division).
magazines,
anthologies,
Confederate imprints.

Material from _Cleveland_ Western Reserve Historical Society.
broadsides,
anthologies,
Confederate imprints.

Material from _Private MSS._ and Miscellaneous Sources.

BIBLIOGRAPHY OF ANTHOLOGIES AND CONFEDERATE IMPRINTS

_Abram_: A Military Poem. By A. Young Rebelle, Esq., of the
Army. Richmond: Macfarlane & Fergusson, 1863.

[“A string of smoothly running rhymes about Lincoln, Stonewall,
McClellan, Pope, Burnside & Co., with a very droll preface
in place of an appendix. The author is a Texan, and we doubt
not his comrades of Hood’s old brigade will enjoy this little
book nearly as much as they do a hard day’s fight after a long
march.”--Review in _The Southern Literary Messenger_, for
March, 1863.]

_Allan’s Lone Star Ballads_: A collection of southern patriotic
songs, made during Confederate times ... compiled and revised
by Francis D. Allan. Galveston, Texas: J. D. Sawyer, 1874.

_American War Ballads and Lyrics_: Edited by George Cary
Eggleston. New York and London: G. P. Putnam’s Sons, 1889.

_The Army Songster_: Dedicated to the Army of Northern
Virginia. Published by George L. Bidgood, Richmond, Va., and
printed by Macfarlane & Fergusson, 1864. (Reprinted by J. W.
Fergusson & Son, 1902.)

[“This is one of the almost numberless catalogues of
‘Songbooks,’ ‘Songsters,’ etc., which has been published during
the War,--rejoicing in such patriotic titles as the ‘Rebel,’
‘Stonewall,’ ‘Soldiers,’ etc., which with a most refreshing
contempt for consistency in name and date, embrace sprinklings
from the lyric music of almost every age and clime. ‘No One to
Love,’ ‘Rory O’More,’ ‘Kathleen Mavourneen,’ ‘Marseillaise,’
etc., etc., of course, figure extensively. We suppose the ‘Army
Songster’ is quite as good as the rest, and we are not quite
sure this is extravagant praise.”--Review in _The Southern
Literary Messenger_ for April, 1864.]

_The Beauregard Songster_: Being a collection of Patriotic,
Sentimental and Comic Songs, The Most Popular of the Day.
Arranged by Hermann L. Schreiner. Published by John C.
Schreiner & Son, Macon and Savannah, Ga., 1864.

_Beechenbrook_: A Rhyme of the War, by Margaret J. Preston.
Richmond: J. W. Randolph, 121 Main Street, 1865.

_Same_: Baltimore, 1867.

_Bugle-echoes_: A collection of poems of the Civil War,
Northern and Southern. New York: White, Stokes & Allen, 1866.

_The Cavalier Songster_: Containing a Splendid Collection of
Original and Selected Songs, Compiled and Arranged Expressly
for the Southern Public. Staunton, Va., 1865.

_Confederate Scrap Book_: Copied from a Scrapbook kept by a
young girl during and immediately after the war, with additions
from war-copies of the “Southern Literary Messenger” and
“Illustrated News” loaned by friends, and other selections as
accredited. Published for the benefit of the Memorial Bazaar,
held in Richmond, April 11, 1893. Richmond, Va.: J. L. Hill
Printing Co., 1893.

_Corinth, and Other Poems of the War_: By Cornelia J. M.
Jordan. “Praeritorum Memoria Eventorum.” Lynchburg: Johnson &
Schaffter, Printers, 60 and 62 Market Street, 1865.

[“Publicly burnt on its appearance in 1865, by order of General
Terry, as an objectionable and incendiary publication.” See
Adams, _Dictionary of American Authors_ (1905), p. 213.]

_Cullings from The Confederacy_: A Collection of Southern
Poems, Original and Others, popular during the War between the
States, and Incidents and Facts worth recalling. 1862-1866.
Including the Doggerel of the Camp, as Well as Tender Tribute
to the Dead. “From grave to gay, from reverend to severe.”
Compiled by Nora Fontaine M. Davidson, Petersburg, Va.
Washington, D. C.: the Rufus H. Darby Printing Co., 1903.

_The General Lee Songster_: Being a collection of the most
popular, sentimental, patriotic and comic songs. Arranged by
Hermann L. Schreiner. Published by John C. Schreiner & Sons,
Macon and Savannah, Ga., 1865.

_Hopkins’ New Orleans 5c Song Book._ New Orleans, 1861.

_Immortal Songs of Camp and Field._ By Rev. Louis Albert
Banks, D.D. With portraits and illustrations. The B. B. Co.,
Cleveland. The Burrows Brothers Company, Publishers, 1899.

_Immortelles_: A tribute to “The Old South.” A Compilation by
Sarah Robinson Reid. Little Rock, Ark.: published by the Brown
Printing Company, 1896.

_The Jack Morgan Songster._ Compiled by a Captain in General
Lee’s Army. Raleigh, N. C. Branson & Farrar, Fayetteville St.,
1864.

_Original Collection of War Poems and War Songs of the American
Civil War._ Compiled by Angie C. Beebe. Edited and Published by
The Argus Press at Red Wing, Minnesota.

_Our War Songs, North and South._ Cleveland, Ohio; S.
Brainard’s Sons, c. 1887. (Words and music.)

_Personal and Political Ballads._ Arranged and edited by Frank
Moore. New York: George P. Putnam, 1864.

_The Photographic History of the Civil War_, Vol. IX, Poetry
and Eloquence of the Blue and Gray. Edited by Dudley N. Miles,
Ph.D., Columbia. Introduction by Dr. W. P. Trent, of Columbia.
Appendix: Songs of the War Days--soldier songs and negro
spirituals. New York: The Review of Reviews Company, 1911.

_Poetry, Lyrical, Narrative and Satirical, of the Civil War._
Selected and Edited by Richard Grant White. New York: The
American News Company, 1866.

_Rebel Rhymes and Rhapsodies_: Collected and edited by Frank
Moore. New York: George P. Putnam, 1864.

_Richmond, Her Glory and Her Graves._ By Cornelia J. M. Jordan.
Richmond: Medical Journal Printing Co., 1866.

_The Royal Ape_: A Dramatic Poem. Richmond: West & Johnston,
145 Main Street, 1863.

_Songs and Ballads of the Southern People, 1861-1865._
Collected and edited by Frank Moore. New York: D. Appleton &
Co., 1, 3, and 5 Bond Street, 1886.

_Songs of Love and Liberty._ Compiled by a North Carolina Lady.
Raleigh, N. C.: Branson & Farrer, Fayetteville St., 1864.

_Songs of the Confederacy and Plantation Melodies._ Compiled by
Mrs. A. Mitchell. G. B. Jennings, 1907.

_Songs of the South_: Choice selections from southern poets
from Colonial times to the present day. Collected and edited by
Jennie Thornley Clarke. Philadelphia: J. B. Lippincott Company,
1896.

_Songs of the South._ J. W. Randolph, 121 Main Street,
Richmond, Va., 1863.

[There was an earlier edition in 1862.]

_Songs Written by Capt. T. F. Roche, C. S. A., Prisoner of War
at Fort Delaware, 1865._ Sung by the Fort Delaware minstrel
troop, organized by the Confederate officers to aid sick
comrades in hospital. Winchester, Va.: The Enterprise Printing
Company.

_South Songs_: From the Lays of Later Days. Collected and
Edited by T. C. De Leon. New York: Blelock & Co., 19 Beekman
Street, 1866.

_The Southern Amaranth_: A carefully selected collection of
poems growing out of and in reference to the late war. Edited
by Miss Sallie A. Brock. New York: George S. Wilcox, Publisher,
successor to Blelock & Co., 49 Mercer Street, 1869.

_Southern and Miscellaneous Poems._ By Thomas Q. Barnes,
Mobile, Ala., 1886.

_Southern Odes_: By The Outcast, a gentleman of South Carolina.
[C. B. Northrup.] Published for the benefit of the Ladies Fuel
Society. Charleston: Harper and Calvo, 1861.

_The Southern Literary Messenger_: Devoted to every department
of Literature, and the Fine Arts. Edited by Dr. G. W. Bagby,
1861-1864, and F. H. Alfriend, 1864. Richmond: Published by
Macfarlane & Fergusson, Proprietors, 1861-1863, and Wedderburn
& Alfriend, Proprietors, 1864. January, 1861-June, 1864.

[Owing to war conditions, the magazine suspended publication
after June, 1864.]

_The Southern Poems of the War_: Collected and arranged by Miss
Emily V. Mason. Baltimore: John Murphy & Co., Publishers, 182
Baltimore Street, 1867.

_Same._ Third edition revised and enlarged. Baltimore, 1869.

_The Southern Songster_: A collection of the best original
songs of the Confederate states. Published for sale at the
Southern Bazaar, at Liverpool, October, 1864.

_Southern War Songs._ Atlanta: Franklin Printing & Publishing
Co., 1895.

_Southern War Songs_: Camp Fire, Patriotic & Sentimental.
Collected and arranged by W. L. Fagan. Illustrated. New York:
M. T. Richardson & Co., 1890.

_The Stonewall Song Book_: Being a collection of patriotic,
sentimental and comic songs. Richmond: West & Johnston, 1865.

_The Sunny Land, or Prison Prose & Poetry_: Containing the
Productions of the Ablest Writers of the South, and Prison Lays
of Distinguished Confederate Officers, by Colonel Beuhring
H. Jones, 60th Virginia Infantry. Edited, with Preface,
Biographies, Sketches and Stories by J. A. Houston, Baltimore,
1868.

“The land we love--a queen of lands,
No prouder one the world has known;
Though now uncrowned, upon her throne
She sits with fetters on her hands.”

_War_: A poem, with copious notes, founded on the revolution of
1861-62. (Up to the battles before Richmond, inclusive) by John
H. Hewitt ... Richmond, Va.: Weston & Johnston, 1862.

_War Flowers_: Reminiscences of Four Year’s Campaigning.
Respectfully dedicated to the Ladies of New Orleans. By F. B.
1865.

_War Lyrics and Songs of the South._ London: Spottiswoode &
Co., 1866. “Printed of necessity in England, and not revised.”

_War Poetry of the South._ Edited by William Gilmore Simms,
LL.D. New York: Richardson & Co., 540 Broadway, 1867.

_War Poets of the South and Confederate Camp Fire Songs._
Compiled by Charles William Hubner. Atlanta, Ga.: Chas. P.
Byrd, Printer.

_War Songs & Poems of the Southern Confederacy, 1861-1865._
Compiled by H. M. Wharton. Philadelphia: Winston, 1904.

_War Songs of the Blue and the Gray_: As sung by the Brave
Soldiers of the Union & Confederate Armies in camp, on the
march, and in the garrison; with preface by Professor Henry L.
Williams, etc. New York: Hurst & Co., Publishers, 1905.

_War Songs of the South_: Edited by “Bohemian,” Correspondent,
Bichmond Despatch. [W. G. Shepperson.] Bichmond: West &
Johnson, 145 Main St., 1862.

[“I said, I knew a very wise man so much of Sir Chr----’s
sentiment, that he believed if a man were permitted to make all
the ballads, he need not care who should make the laws of a
nation.”--Fletcher’s _Political Works_, p. 372.]

ABBREVIATIONS USED FOR ANTHOLOGIES

Alsb _Allan’s Lone Star Ballads._
Amaranth _The Southern Amaranth._
Army _The Army Songster._
Barnes _Southern and Miscellaneous Poems._
B. E. _Bugle-Echoes._
Beau. _The Beauregard Songster._
Beechenbrook _Beechenbrook: A Rhyme of the War._
Bohemian _War Songs of the South._
Cav. _The Cavalier Songster._
C. C. _Cullings from the Confederacy._
Cor. _Corinth, and Other Poems._
C. S. B. _Confederate Scrap Book._
E. V. M. _Southern Poems of the War,’67._
E. V. M. ’69 _Southern Poems of the War,’69._
Fagan _Southern War Songs._
G. C. E. _American War Ballads and Lyrics._
Hopkins _Hopkins’ New Orleans 5c Songbook._
Hubner _War Poets of the South and Confederate Camp Fire
Songs._
Im. _Immortelles._
J. M. S. _Jack Morgan Songster._
L. & L. _Songs of Love and Liberty._
Lee _The General Lee Songster._
Outcast _Southern Odes._
P. & P. B. _Personal and Political Ballads._
Phot. Hist. _Photographic History of the Civil War._
Randolph _Songs of the South._
Richmond _Richmond, Her Glory and Her Graves._
Roche _Songs Written on Capt. T. F. Roche._
R. R. _Rebel Rhymes and Rhapsodies._
S. B. P. _Songs and Ballads of the Southern People._
S. B. Liv. _Southern Songster._
S. L. M. _The Southern Literary Messenger._
S. O. S. _War Lyrics and Songs of the South._
S. S. _South Songs._
Sunny _The Sunny Land, or Prison Prose and Poetry._
War _War._
W. B. G. _War Songs of the Blue and the Gray._
W. F. _War Flowers._
W. G. S. _War Poetry of the South._
W. L. _War Lyrics and Songs of the South._

ABBREVIATIONS USED OF COLLECTIONS

R. B. B. _Collection of Broadsides in Ridgway Branch
of Library Company of Philadelphia._

R. B. M. _Collection of Music in Ridgway Branch of
Library Company of Philadelphia._

R. N. S. _Collection of Newspaper Songs in Ridgway
Branch of Library Co., of Philadelphia._

Md. Hist. Soc. _Maryland Historical Society, Baltimore, Md._

Wash’n _Collection of the Congressional Library,
Washington, D. C._

West. Res. _Collection of the Western Reserve Historical
Society, Cleveland, Ohio._

N. Y. P. L. _Collection of the New York Public Library._

Priv. _Private MSS. or source._

B. C. L., Ledger 1411 _Ledger 1411 in Baltimore City Librarian’s
Office._

INDEX OF SOUTHERN WAR POEMS OF THE CIVIL WAR

[Note:--Round brackets at the end of the title indicate
the volume or one of the volumes in which the poem may be
found. Wherever the poem appears in several anthologies, that
anthology easiest of access to the general reader, has been
selected. Square brackets are used for the interpolation of
explanatory matter.

The first two lines of each poem are given to serve as a check
since identical poems may appear under corrupted captions, or
various titles.]

_Abe’s Cogitations_: (Randolph.)

“We ought to whip them rebel chaps,
I think so, more and more”--

_Abraham Lincoln: The Mohammed of the Modern Hegira._ New
Orleans, March 5, 1861. (P. & P. B. from the New Orleans
_Crescent_.)

At midnight in the Keystone State
Old Abe was dreaming of the hour--

_Acceptation_: By Mrs. M. J. Preston. (E. V. M.)

“We do accept thee, heavenly Peace!
Albeit thou comest in a guise”--

_Acrostic_ [_Davis_]: February 22, 1862. (R. N. S. from the
Charleston _Courier_.)

“Jehovah, mighty arbiter in earth below,
Ere morning stars together sang, in heaven supreme,”--

_Acrostic_ [_B. F. Butler_]: Baltimore, March 14, 1863. (R. B.
B. 11½.)

“Brutal by nature--a coward and knave,
Famed for no action, noble or brave”--

_Acrostic in Memory of O. Jennings Wise_: By Miriam. (S. L. M.
Ed. Table, September, ’63.)

“Over his cold brow
Just touched by Time’s soft silver tracery,”--

_Acrostic on Magruder_: By G. B. Milner, Harrisburg, Texas.
(Alsb.)

“Much hast thou suffered, bright Isle of the Wave!
Ah! can anyone succor: can anyone save?”--

_Addition to the Bonnie Blue Flag_: A Tribute to True
Kentuckians. (W. L.)

“And we will add another cheer for our Kentucky State,
Her sons in the most glorious war have proved both brave and great;”--

_Address_: Delivered at the opening of the New Theatre at
Richmond: A Prize Poem, by Henry Timrod. (W. G. S. from
_Southern Illustrated News_.)

“A fairy ring
Drawn in the crimson of a battle plain”--

_Address to the Exchanged Prisoners_: On the 31st of July,
1862, all the prisoners of war in Fort Warren, (about 250
soldiers of the Confederate army) embarked for Fortress Monroe,
to be exchanged. They left in Fort Warren, 14 gentlemen, who
were imprisoned under the designation of “political prisoners.”
These were all Marylanders by birth, all but one (Mr. Winder)
were residents of that state when arrested. On their behalf the
following lines were addressed to their departing friends: By
T. S. Wallis, Fort Warren, July 31, 1862: S. L. M., July and
August, 1862. (E. V. M.)

“The anchors are weighed, and the gates of yon prison
Fall wide, as your ship gives her prow to the foam,”--

_Address to the Women of the Southern Troops_: Air--“Bruce’s
Address:” By Mrs. J. T. H. Cross. (R. R.)

“Southern men, unsheathe the sword,
Inland and along the board;”--

_After the Battle_: By Miss Agnes Leonard. (W. G. S. from the
Chicago _Journal of Commerce_, June, 1863.)

“All day long the sun had wandered,
Through the slowly creeping hours”--

_After the Battle of Bull Run_: July 21, [1861.] (W. L.)

“Sadly and low,
Hear how the fitful breezes blow!”--

_Afraid of a Dead Baby_: By Kentucky. (S. O. S.)

“Keep here, my little baby: rest alone!
Not in thy father’s tomb can’st thou be laid:”--

_Alabama_: (Randolph).

“Over vale and over mountain,
Pealing forth in triumphal song,”--

_The Alabama_: Respectfully dedicated to the Gallant Captain
Semmes, His Officers and Crew and to the Officers and Seamen of
the C. S. Navy: by E. King, author of Naval Songs of the South.
Richmond, Va., George Dunn & Co. (R. B. M., 1864.)

“The wind blow off yon rocky shore
Boys! Set your sails all free”--

_The Alabama Cottage_: A Homely Scene. (R. B. B.)

“The Alabamian sat by the chimney side--
His face was wrinkled and worn.”--

_Albert Sidney Johnston_: (Im.)

“Honor to him who only drew
In Freedom’s cause his battle blade,”--

_Albert Sidney Johnston_: By A. G. (E. V. M., ’69.)

“I heard afar, the cannon’s roar,
Its lightning flashed from shore to shore,”--

_Albert Sidney Johnston_: Killed at Battle of Shiloh, April,
1862. By Fleming James. (E. V. M.)

“’Mid dim and solemn forests, in the dawning chill and gray
Over dank, unrustling leaves, or through the stiff and sodden clay”--

_Albert Sidney Johnston_: Dirge by Colonel A. W. Terrell.
(Alsb.)

“Hush the notes of exultation for a battle dearly won!
Low the chief’s proud form is lying--Texas weeps another son!”--

_All Is Gone_: By Fadette. (W. G. S. from the Memphis Appeal.)

“Sister hark! Atween the trees cometh naught but summer breeze?
All is gone”--

_All Over Now_: (Im.)

“All over now! The trumpet blast,
The hurried tramping to and fro,”--

_All Quiet Along the Potomac Tonight_: By Mrs. Randolph
Harrison. (C. S. B.)

“All quiet along the Potomac tonight,
No sound save the rush of the river”--

_All Spice: Or Spice for All_: By Cola, Le Diable Boiteux.
Baltimore, March 7, 1862: Baltimore, April 1, 1862. (R. B. B.)

“The people endure all
The Hydropaths cure all”--

_All’s Noise Along the Appomattox_: Battle of the Crater, A.
D., 1863. (C. C.)

“All’s noise along the Appomattox tonight,
For Grant, with his Whiteworth’s and Parrots”--

_All’s Well_: By Mrs. Margaret J. Preston of Va. (Amaranth,
from _The Land We Love_.)

“‘All’s well!’ How the musical sound
Is pleasantly smiting the ear,”--

_All’s Well: Come to the Rescue._ (R. B. B.)

“One night of late I chanced to stray
Being in the pleasant sweet month of May dream.”--

_Allons Enfants: The Southern Marseillaise_: Air “Marseillaise.”
By A. E. Blackmar, New Orleans, 1861. (C. S. B.)

[“This may be called the rallying song of the Confederacy.
Composed early in 1861, it was sung throughout the South while
the soldiers were hurried to Virginia with this, the grandest
of martial airs, as a benediction.”]

“Sons of the South, awake to glory,
A thousand voices bid you rise”--

_The American Star_: Air “Humors of Glen.” Published by Louis
Bonsai, Baltimore and Frederic Streets, Baltimore. (R. B. B. p.
7)

“Come, striking the bold anthem, the war dogs are howling,
Already they eagerly snuff up their prey”--

_The Angel of the Church_: By W. Gilmore Simms. January, 1864.
(W. G. S.)

“Aye, strike with sacrilegious aim
The temple of the living God;”--

_The Angel of the Hospital_: By S. C. Mercer. (R. N. S. from
the Louisville Journal.)

“’Twas nightfall in the hospital. The day
As though its eyes were dimmed with bloody rain”--

_Another Flag: A Second Thought_: [By C. B. Northrup.]
(Outcast.)

“Whole we preserve the stars and stripes and blue
Of freedom’s ancient flag, it will not do”--

_Another Yankee Doodle_: (R. R.)

“Yankee Doodle has a mind
To whip the Southern traitors.”--

_An Answer to the Poem Entitled “How They Act in Baltimore:”_
By Redgauntlet. (Md. Hist. B.)

“When our ladies on the street
Yankee soldiers chance to meet,”--

_An Appeal_: By Kentucky. (S. O. S.)

“Haste, Kentuckians! wait no longer;
Rally, and you will be stronger.”--

_An Appeal for Jefferson Davis To His Excellency, Andrew
Johnson, President of the United States_: By a Lady of
Virginia. (E. V. M.)

“Unheralded, unknown, I come to thee,
Who holdest in thy hands the scales of power;”--

_An Appeal for Maryland_: By B. Baltimore, January 20, 1862.
(R. B. B. 84.)

“Of all the gems that gild the wreath
Of freedom, the blue sky underneath,”--

_Appeal to Maryland_: From a Dying Soldier at Manassas: by a
Lady of Maryland. (S. L. M., Oct., 1861.)

“Oh Mother! my Maryland! will you awake?
Hear you not from Manassas the thunder of guns?”--

_Appeal to the South_: (R. B. B.)

“Southrons! since we boast that name;
Southrons! since your blood we claim”--

_An Appeal to the South_: By A Daughter of Dixie H. Baltimore,
Jan. 24, 1862; also Norfolk, Va., Jan. 24, 1862. (R. B. B. 2 &
41.)

“Hark! o’er the Southern hills I hear
The cannons and the rifles sound;”--

_(The) Approaching Battle Hour_: By Kentucky. Richmond,
Virginia, June, 1862. (S. O. S.)

“Ah! hovers over them
The gaunt war-demon fell;”--

_April 26th_: In the ceremonies at Memphis, Tennessee, 26th
April, “In Memory of the Confederate Dead,” Dr. Ford one of the
speakers improvised the following appropriate lines: (E. V. M.)

“In rank and file, in sad array
As though their watch still keeping,”--

_April Twenty-Sixth_: By Annie Chambers Ketchum. Memphis, Tenn.
(E. V. M.)

“Dreams of a stately land,
Where rose and lotus open to the sun”--

_Are We Free?_ By James R. Brewer. Annapolis, Oct. 22, 1861.
(E. V. M.)

“Are we free? Go ask the question
In the cells of Lafayette,”--

_Are You Ready?_ (Bohemian from the Macon _Telegraph_.)

“Sons and brothers--near and far,
Have you heard the tones of war?”--

_Arise! Ye Sons of Freeborn Sires!_ By A. E. Morris, Company C,
20th Infantry. (Alsb.)

“Arise! ye sons of freeborn sires, arise! your country save!
Kindle again the wonted fires that animate the brave:”--

_Arlington_: By Margaret J. Preston. (E. V. M.)

“You stand upon the chasm’s brink
That yawns so deadly deep,”--

_Arm for The Southern Land_: By General Mirabeau B. Lamar. (S.
B. P.)

“Arm for the Southern land,
All fear of death disdaining;”--

_The Army and Its Flag of Stars and Stripes_: [By C. B.
Northrup] (Outcast.)

“In Liberty’s great war”--

_Arouse, Kentuckians!_ By Kentucky. (S. O. S.)

“Arouse, Kentuckians, or my heart will break!
What though by thousands brethren may forsake”--

_Ashby_: By John R. Thompson of Virginia. Richmond, June 13,
1862: S. L. M., Editor’s Table, May, 1862. (S. S.)

“To the brave all homage render!
Weep, ye skies of June!”--

_The Ashbys_: By D. B. Lucas, of Va. (E. V. M. ’69.)

“And lo! there galloped through the gates of war
Two brothers, riding side by side, with spurs,”--

_Ashby’s Avengers_: Air “Annie Lyle.” (Cav.)

“Down where the Southern army
Near Virginia’s side,”--

_Ashby’s Death_: Air: “Annie Laurie.” (Cav.)

“A wail sweeps o’er the Valley,
Virginia’s deep with woe.”--

_Ashes of Glory_: By A. J. Requier. (W. G. S.)

“Fold up the gorgeous silken sun,
By bleeding martyrs blest,”--

_At Fort Pillow_: By James R. Randall. (W. G. S. from the
Wilmington _Journal_, April 25, 1864.)

“You shudder as you think upon
The carnage of the grim report”--

_At Galveston, Texas_: By H. L. Flash. (Alsb.)

“We parted, love, some months ago, in pleasant summer weather;
You blamed the fates that you and I could not remain together;”--

_Attention!_ By B. Baltimore, Oct. 16, 1861. (R. B. B. 7.)

“Hearken, friends and foes now hearken
See Abe Lincoln’s prospects darken;”--

_Audax Omnia Perpeti_, etc. By B. (R. B. B. 4.)

“Come pretty muse, give me your help,
Keen make my pen as the teamster’s lash”--

_Auld Lang Syne_: A supposed song of Morgan’s Cavalry on
entering a Kentucky town. By Kentucky. (S. O. S.)

“Shall auld acquaintance be forgot,
And not now be brought to mind?”--

_Autumn Thoughts, 1862_: By Miss Mary A. Grason. (E. V. M. ’69.)

“Our Autumn comes with tender glow;
A golden haze is on the hills,”--

_The Autumn Rain_: By Susan Archer Talley. Richmond, Va. (E. V.
M.)

“Softly, mournfully, slowly,
Droppeth the rain from the eaves”--

_The Avatar of Hell_: Sonnet, by “Pax.” (W. G. S. from the
Charleston _Mercury_.)

“Six thousand years of commune, God with man,
Two thousand years of Christ, yet from such roots”--

_Awake! Arise!_ By G. W. Archer, M. D. (W. G. S.)

“Sons of the South, awake, arise!
A million foes sweep down amain,”--

_Awake in Dixie_: By H. T. S., Winchester, Va., February 24,
1862. Air, “Dixie’s Land.” (R. B. B. 7.)

“Hear ye not the sound of battle,
Sabres’ clash and muskets’ rattle:”--

_Away with the Dastards Who Whine of Defeat_: By Paul H. Hayne
of S. C. Charleston, May 10, 1862. (E. V. M.)

“Away with the dastards who whine of defeat
And hint that the day of destruction draws near,”--

_Away with the Stripes_: By Kentucky. (S. O. S.)

“Ho! away with the stripes, the despots’ fit flag!
The stars and the stripes are the bully’s great “brag”:”--

_A Ballad for the Young South_: By Joseph Brennan. S. L. M.,
Feb., 1861, from the New Orleans _Crescent_. (S. S.)

“Men of the South! Our foes are up
In fierce and grim array;”--

_The Ballad of the Right_: By J. W. Overall. (S. S. from the
New Orleans _True Delta_.)

“In other days our fathers’ love was loyal, full and free,
For those they left behind them in the Island of the Sea;”--

_A Ballad of the War_: By George Herbert Sass, of Charleston,
S. C. (W. G. S., originally published in _Southern Field and
Fireside_.)

“Watchmen, what of the night?
Through the city’s darkening street”--

_Baltimore_: (West. Res.)

“Hail, queen of cities, birthplace of the just,
Oh how cast down! by Northern vandals crushed,”--

_Baltimore_: By C. (Mr. Samuel’s Scrapbook: Ridgway Library.)

“Hail, queen of cities, birthplace of the just,
Oh how cast down! By Northern vandals crushed,”--

_Baltimore Girls_: Air, “Dearest Mae.” (West Res.)

“O the girls of dear old Baltimore,
So beautiful and fair,”--

_The Band in the Pines: Heard after Pelham died_: by John Esten
Cooke. (W. G. S.)

“Oh, band in the pine-wood, cease!
Cease with your splendid call:”--

_Banks’ Skedaddle_: (Alsb.)

“You know the Federal General Banks,
Who came through Louisiana with his forty thousand Yanks;”--

_Banner Song_: Written and Expressly Dedicated to the Armstrong
Guards. By Wm. H. Holcombe, M. D. (S. L. M., July 1861.)

“See our banner floating high
Stars in freedom’s shining sky;”--

_The Banner-Song_: By James B. Marshall. (R. R.)

“Up, up with the banner, the foe is before us,
His bayonets bristle, his sword is unsheathed,”--

_The Barefooted Boys_: (S. S.)

“By the sword of St. Michael
The old dragon through!”--

_The Bars and Stars_: Air, “Star Spangled Banner:” by A. W.
Haynes. (Randolph.)

“Oh, the tocsin of war still resounds o’er the land,
And legions of braves are now rushing to battle,”--

_Le Bataille des Mouchoirs_: The Greatest Battle of the War:
fought Feb. 20, 1863. By a young lady of 17, Eugenie. (S. L.
M., Oct., ’63.)

“Of all the battles, modern or old,
By poet sung or historian told,”--

_The Battle at Bethel_: Air, “Dixie.” (Bohemian from the
Richmond _Whig_.)

“Send out the news from West to South and spread it through the land,
Our noble boys have met the foe at Bethel,”--

_The Battle at Bull Run_: By Ruth. Louisville, Ky., July 24,
1861. (R. R.)

“Forward, my brave columns, forward!
No other word was spoken;”--

_Battle at Bull’s Run_: (R. B. B. 7.)

“Oh be easy, don’t you tease me,
While I sing a bit of fun,”--

_Battle Before Richmond_: By G. B. S., 1862. (W. L.)

“Slowly the great sun rose o’er Richmond’s hills,
Calmly the noble river waved along,”--

_Battle Call, Nec temere, nec timide_: Dedicated to her
countrymen, the Cavaliers of the South, by Annie Chambers
Ketchum. Dunrobin Cottage, May, 1861. (R. R.)

“Gentlemen of the South!
Gird on your flashing swords!”--

_The Battle Call_: By Mrs. E. V. McCord Vernon, Richmond, Va.,
Feb. 20, 1862. (C. C.)

“Rise Southerner! the day of your glory,
The hour of your destiny’s near”--

_Battle Call to Kentucky, 1862_: By Walker Meriweather Bell.
(Amaranth.)

“Arouse thee, Kentucky! the graves of thy sires
Are pressed by the foot of the foe.”--

_Battle Cry of Freedom_: By Wm. H. Barnes. (Lee.)

“Our flag is proudly floating on the land and on the main,
Shout, shout the battle cry of freedom.”--

_The Battle Cry of the South_: By James R. Randall. (W. G. S.)

“Brothers, the thunder-cloud is black,
And the wail of the South wings forth;”--

_Battle Eve_: By Susan Archer Talley. S. L. M., Aug., 1861. (S.
S.)

“I see the broad red setting sun
Sink slowly down the sky;”--

_The Battle Field of Manassas_: By M. F. Bigney. (R. R.)

“Fill, fill the trump of fame
With the name,--
Manassas,”--

_Battle Hymn_: (W. G. S. from the Charleston _Mercury_).

“Lord of Hosts, that beholds us in battle, defending
The homes of our sires ’gainst the hosts of the foe”--

_Battle Hymn: Columns Steady_: By Wm. Gilmore Simms. (Bohemian.)

“Columns steady! make ye ready--with the steel and rifle ready!
Wait the signal! wait the moment--soul and steel and weapon steady!”--

_Battle Hymn of the Virginia Soldier_: (R. B. B. 8.)

“Father of earth and heaven, I call thy name!
Round me the smoke and shout of battle roll;”--

_Battle Ode to Virginia_: (R. R.)

“Old Virginia! virgin crowned
Daughter of the royal Bess,”--

_Battle of Belmont_: (Wash’n.)

“I sing of the Battle of Belmont, ’twas near Columbus town
The Yankees in great numbers from Cairo did come down.”--

_Battle of Belmont_: By J. Augustine Signaigo. (W. G. S. from
the Memphis _Appeal_, Dec. 21, 1861.)

“Now glory to our Southern cause, and praises be to God
That He hath met the Southron’s foe and scourged him with His
rod:”--

_Battle of Bethel_: (Randolph.)

“Saw ye not the ruddy sunlight;
Glancing o’er the hill-tops far,”--

_The Battle of Bethel Church_: (C. C. from the New Orleans
_Delta_, 10 June, 1861.)

“As hurtles the tempest
Proclaiming the storm,”--

_Battle of Big Bethel_: (West Res.)

“Though Butler be a hero,
Who ne’er has powder smelt,”--

_The Battle of Buena Vista_: Inscribed to Jefferson Davis: by a
Mississippian. (E. V. M. from the Louisville _Courier_, April
1866.)

“It was upon the battle field
Where lay the dead and dying”--

_The Battle of Charleston Harbor_: April 7th, 1863: by Paul H.
Hayne. (W. C. S.)

“Two hours or more, beyond the prime of a blithe April day,
The Northman’s mailed ‘Invincibles’ steamed up air Charleston
Bay;”--

_Battle of Galveston_: Air, “The Harp that Once Through Tara’s
Halls:” by Mrs. E. L. Caplen, of Galveston. (Alsb.)

“’Twas on that dark and fearful morn
That anxious hearts beat high!”--

_The Battle of Great Bethel_: Fought on Sunday, June 9, 1861.
Dedicated to Magruder and his command: by “C.,” an American
patriot not 14 years old. (Mr. Samuel’s Scrapbook, Ridgway
Library.)

“Brave Virginians! on this day
Drive the Northern horde away!”--

_Battle of Hampton Roads_: By Ossian D. Gorman. (W. G. S. from
the Macon _Daily Telegraph_.)

“Ne’er had a scene of beauty smiled
On placid waters ’neath the sun.”--

_The Battle of Hampton Roads_: By Tenella, [Mrs. Clarke of N.
C.] (E. V. M.)

“Now, once again, let Southern hearts unite in thankful praise,
To the mighty God of battle, mysterious in his ways;”--

_Battle of Manassas_: July 21, 1861. (W. L.)

“The bridal of the earth and sky! the blessed Sabbath-morn,
Brightens into the perfect day from its soft rosy dawn;”--

_The Battle of Manassas_: Dedicated to General Beauregard, C.
S. A.: by Mrs. Clarke, wife of Colonel Clarke, 14th Regiment,
N. C. (E. V. M.)

“‘Now glory to the Lord of Hosts!’ oh! bless and praise His name,
That He hath battled in our cause, and brought our foes to shame.”--

_Battle of Manassas (July 21, 1861)_: By Cornelia J. M. Jordan.
(Corinth.)

“Clear rises now, the glorious sun,
No cloud bedims the sky,”--

_The Battle of Manassas_: By Susan Archer Talley: Richmond,
Aug. 3, 1861. S. L. M., Sept., 1861. (R. B. B. 61.)

“Now proudly lift, of sunny South,
Your glad triumphal strains,”--

_The Battle of Richmond._ (_Psalm xliv. 3-4_): By George
Herbert Sass, Charleston, S. C. (W. G. S.)

“Now blessed be the Lord of Hosts through all our Southern land,
And blessed be His holy name, in whose great might we stand;”--

_The Battle of St. Paul’s (N. O.)_: Sung by a Louisiana
Soldier. Conquered Territory of Louisiana, New Orleans, Aug.
17, 1866. (C. C.)

“Come boys and listen while I sing
The greatest fight yet fought”--

_Battle of Shiloh_: Louisville, Ky. (W. L.)

“Quick, the cannon’s shot did pour
Belching death at every roar,”--

_Battle of Shiloh Hill_: Air, “Wandering Sailor,” by M. B.
Smith, Company C, 2nd Regiment, Texas Volunteers. (Alsb.)

“Come all you valiant soldiers, and a story I will tell,
It is of a noted battle you all remember well;”--

_The Battle of the Mississippi_: (R. R.)

“The tyrants’ broad pennant is floating
In the South, o’er our waters so blue;”--

_The Battle of the Stove Pipes_: [By Nannie Lemmon (?).] (R. B.
B. 86½.)

“On Munson’s heights the Rebel Banners wave.
Their hungry hosts, their ‘loyal’ legions brave,”--

_The Battle Rainbow_: By John R. Thompson, of Va. S. L. M.,
June, ’62. (W. G. S.)

“The warm weary day was departing, the smile
Of the sunset gave token the tempest had ceased.”--

_Battle Song_: (C. S. B.)

“Have you counted up the cost
What is gained and what is lost”--

_Battle Song_: Air, “Humors of Glen.” (Randolph.)

“Come strike the loud anthem! Again must the story
Of Freedom, down-trodden by tyrants, be told!”--

_Battle Song_: Dedicated to Captain Ben Lane Posey, who
commanded the Red Eagle Battery at Pensacola. (S. L. M., Ed.
Table, June ’62, from the Montgomery _Mail_.)

“Oh, give us a song, an Eagle’s Song--
Our labor and toil rewarding,”--

_Battle Song of the “Black Horsemen:”_ Air, “Dixie:” By C.
Winchester, Va., Oct., 1861. (R. B. B. p. 8.)

“We have come from the brave Southwest
On fairy steeds, with throbbing breast,”--

_Battle Song of the Invaded_: (R. R.)

“The foe! They come! They come!
Light up the beacon pyre;”--

_Battle Song of the Maryland Line_: (R. B. B. 77.)

“To arms! to arms! the fight’s begun
Virginia sounds the call;”--

_Battle Song of the South_: By P. E. Collins. (Fag.)

“Land of our birth, thee, thee I sing,
Proud heritage is thine,”--

_Bay Blossom Cottage_: By Lieutenant H. C. Wright. (Sunny.)

“Oh, how dear to the heart are these hours of bliss,
Which ‘Bay-Blossom’ e’er brings to my view!”--

_Baylor’s Partisan Rangers_: Air, “Dixie.” By Mary L. Wilson,
of San Antonio. (Alsb.)