Chapter LXXIX

THE JUDGMENTS OF GOD ON THE JAREDITES--THE EXTINCTION OF THE
RACE--THE HILL RAMAH--SHIZ AND CORIANTUMR--ETHER.

Owing to their gross and abounding iniquities, the Lord on several occasions visited the Jaredites with partial destruction. These judgments came in the shape of fratricidal war, pestilence, drought and famine. In the days of Heth there was a great dearth in the land, through which the inhabitants were destroyed exceedingly fast, while poisonous serpents came forth "and did poison many people." These serpents drove the flocks and herds south, and then congregating at the narrow neck uniting the two great divisions of the land, hedged up the way so that the people could not pass, thus adding another factor to their misery, for their crops were not only destroyed through the lack of rain, but the resource of animal food was taken from them. Thus they became a broken people, but when through their miseries they had sufficiently humbled themselves before the Lord, he sent the long desired rain, and there began to be fruit in the north countries and in all the countries round about. Other desolations at various times came upon them because of their defiant disobedience to the behests of Heaven.

The war which ended in the entire destruction of the Jaredite race was one of the most blood-thirsty, cruel and vindictive that ever cursed this fair planet. Men's most savage passions were worked up to such an extent that every better feeling of humanity was crushed out. The women and children armed themselves for the fray with the same fiendish activity, and, fought with the same intense hate, as the men. It was not a conflict of armies alone; it was the crushing together of a divided house that had long tottered because of internal weakness, but now fell in upon itself.

This war was not the work of a day; it was the outgrowth of centuries of dishonor, crime and iniquity. And as this continent was once cleansed of its unrighteous inhabitants by the overwhelming waters of a universal Deluge, and only eight souls left, so this second time, as a flood, through the promises of the Lord to Noah, was no longer possible, instead thereof the wicked slew the wicked until only two men remained, the king and the historian: the one to wander wounded, wretched and alone, until found by Mulek's colony; the other to record the last dreadful throes of his people for the profit of succeeding races, and then to be received into the loving care of his Father and his God. Both the Nephites and ourselves are indebted to him for our acquaintance with the earlier history of this continent, which otherwise would have been entirely shut out from our knowledge.

Some four or more years before the final battles around and near the hill Ramah, otherwise Cumorah, two millions of warriors had been slain, besides their wives and children. How many millions actually fell before the last terrible struggle ended, and Coriantumr stood alone the sole representative of his race, it is impossible to tell from the record that has been handed down to us, but we think we are justified in believing that for bloodshed and desolation no such war ever took place before, or has occurred since in the history of this world; if the annals of any nation have the record of its equal, it is not known to us.

The duel between the leaders of the two contending hosts, Coriantumr and Shiz, when their followers were all slain, was a unique and horrible one, for when all had fallen except these two Shiz had fainted for loss of blood. Then Coriantumr, after having taken a short rest, raised his sword and smote off the head of his foe. Shiz raised himself on his hands, fell, struggled for breath and died. Then, utterly exhausted, Coriantumr dropped to the ground and became as though he had no life.

Coriantumr, when he regained consciousness, wandered forth, aimlessly and alone, the last of his race. A whole continent lay around him, but there was nothing, in any place, to invite him either to tarry or depart. Companions he had none; every creature in the image of God, save himself, had moistened the soil with his life's blood. All had been swept into unsanctified graves or poisoned the air with their unburied bodies. The savage beasts alone remained to terrify him with their hideous calls as they held high carnival over the unnumbered slain. Weak from loss of blood, he staggered on, placing as great a distance as his failing powers would permit between himself and the horrors of the last battle ground. He passed onward through each deserted valley, each tenantless town; in neither was there any human voice to greet or chide him; the homes of his own people and those of his enemies were alike--a silent desolation; all the land was a wilderness.

How long he thus wandered to and fro, wretched, comfortless and forlorn, we know not; but at last he reached the southern portion of the northern continent, thousands of miles from Ramah, and there, to the great astonishment of both, he found the people of Mulek, who had been led by the hand of the Lord from Jerusalem. With them he spent his few remaining days, and when nine moons had grown and waned he passed away to join the hosts of his people in the unknown world of spirits.

All this was in fulfillment of the prophecies of Ether, who, years before, had been sent by the Lord to Coriantumr with the fateful message that if he and all his household would repent, the Lord would give unto him his kingdom, and spare the people; otherwise they should be destroyed, and all his household, save it were himself, and he should only live to see the fulfilling of the prophecies which had been spoken concerning another people receiving the land for their inheritance; and Coriantumr should receive a burial by them; and every soul should be destroyed save it were Coriantumr.

But Coriantumr did not repent, neither his household; and all the words of the Lord, through Ether, came to pass; not the least of them remained unfulfilled.

BOOK OF MORMON CHRONOLOGY.

The events marked † are those about which the record does not appear sufficiently explicit to make the year certain. It is occasionally difficult to decide whether the circumstance narrated took place near the close of one year or in the commencement of the next.

The four dates marked thus ** are based upon the supposition that Zeniff re-occupied the land of Nephi B. C. 200. This may not be the exact year, but it is approximate.

The three dates marked thus * are based upon the idea that the "young man," Alma, was twenty-five years old when Abinadi was martyred.

The Book of Mormon appears to furnish no clue to the date of Lehi's colony landing in South America. It is supposed to have been about twelve years after its departure from Jerusalem.

B. C. signifies before the birth of Christ; A. C. after Christ; N. A. signifies Nephite Annals, or years after the departure of Lehi from Jerusalem; Y. J. years of the Judges, or of the Republic.

B.C. N.A. Y.J.

Lehi and colony leave Jerusalem, and journey to the
valley of Lemuel, by the Red Sea. The sons of Lehi
return to Jerusalem and obtain the sacred records. 600 1

Lehi and colony reach the land Bountiful, in Arabia,
where Nephi commences to build a ship. 592 9

Mulek, son of king Zedekiah, with a colony, leaves
Jerusalem. Lehi and his colony reach South America. 590 11

A temple built, Jacob and Joseph consecrated priests,
etc., before 571 30

Wars and contentions between the Nephites and
Lamanites, during ten years previous to 561 40

Nephi transfers the records to Jacob. The book of
Jacob opens 546 55

Jacob, having given the records to his son Enos, the
latter transfers them to his son Jarom. Many wars
between the Nephites and Lamanites during the days
of Enos. 421 180

The Nephites have increased and scattered much over
the land; they strictly observe the law of Moses
and are prospered. The Lamanites, much more
numerous than the Nephites, often invade the
Nephite lands. 401 200

Jarom transfers the records to Omni. Many wars and
contentions during Jarom's days. 362 239

Omni has frequent wars with the Lamanites. 324 277

Omni transfers the records to Amaron. 318 283

The more wicked part of the Nephites destroyed.
Amaron transfers the records to Chemish. 280 321

**About this date Zeniff leaves Zarahemla to reoccupy
the land of Nephi. He makes a treaty with king
Laman, and obtains the lands Lehi-Nephi and
Shemlon. 200 401

**The Lamanites make war with the people of Zeniff,
but are repulsed with a loss of 3043 men. 183 418

Alma, the elder, born in the land of Nephi. 173 428

**King Laman having died, his son attacks the people
of Zeniff, but is driven back. 161 440

*Zeniff confers the kingdom on his son Noah. 160 441

Mosiah II. born in the land of Zarahemla. 154 447

*The prophet Abinadi appears in the land of Nephi,
and reproves Noah and his subjects for their
iniquities. 150 451

*Abinadi again appears, prophesies, and is martyred. 148 453

*Alma establishes a Christian Church at the waters of
Mormon, and afterwards, because of king Noah's
persecutions, removes with his people to Helam. 147 454

First Christian Church established in Zarahemla by
king Benjamin, who also consecrates his son Mosiah
king. 125 476

A company sent by Limhi, son of Noah, to find
Zarahemla, wander into the north country and
discover numerous relics of the Jaredites. 123 478

King Benjamin dies. A company under Ammon start from
Zarahemla to find their brethren in the land of
Nephi. They succeed, help them to escape from the
Lamanites, and bring them safely to Zarahemla. 122 479

Moroni, commander-in-chief of the Nephite armies,
born. 99 502

Alma, the elder, dies, aged eighty-two. Mosiah II.
dies, aged sixty-three. Alma, the younger, elected
Chief Judge of the Republic. The sons of Mosiah,
with other Elders, start on a mission to the
Lamanites in the land of Nephi. Priestcraft first
introduced among the Nephites by Nehor. Nehor
slays the aged patriarch, Gideon; is tried,
condemned and executed. †King Lamoni and his
household converted by Ammon. 91 510 1

Priestcraft spreads among the Nephites; pride and
contention develop in the church. †A church
established by Ammon in the land of Ishmael. 90 511 2

Continued peace among the Nephites, notwithstanding
persecution and increased wickedness. 89 512 3

Amlici, a disciple of Nehor, desires to be king and
to destroy the true church; his pretensions are
rejected by the voice of the people; he raises a
rebellion, and is consecrated king. Amlici's
forces are defeated by the Nephites under Alma, at
the hill Amnihu. The Lamanites invade Zarahemla,
are joined by the Amlicites; the united armies are
defeated by Alma, on the west bank of the Sidon.
Another invading Lamanite army is defeated on the
east of the Sidon, and driven back to their own
lands. Peace restored. Aaron and other
missionaries imprisoned by the Lamanites in
Middoni. 87 514 5

The Nephites, because of their afflictions, are
humbled; many are baptized. †Ammon and Lamoni
proceed to Middoni, to release Aaron and his
brethren; they meet Lamoni's father; he attempts
to slay Ammon. †Antiomno, king of Middoni,
releases the captives. 86 515 6

3500 Nephites baptized into the church. Great peace
and prosperity among them. †Lamoni's father, king
of all the Lamanites, baptized. He issues a
proclamation in favor of the Nephite missionaries. 85 516 7

Pride increasing in the Nephite church causes
envyings, malice, strife and persecutions. 84 517 8

Alma, on account of increasing iniquity, resigns the
chief-judgeship, and nominates Nephihah as his
successor, who is accepted by the voice of the
people. Alma devotes himself entirely to the work
of the ministry. He sets in order the churches in
Zarahemla and Gideon. 83 518 9

Alma, as presiding High Priest, visits and
administers to the people in Melek and Ammonihah.
Amulek visited by an angel; he receives Alma into
his house. They preach to the people of Ammonihah;
are imprisoned and abused. Zeezrom, the lawyer,
converted; afterwards healed of a fever and
baptized. Those who accept the gospel are cast out
of Ammonihah, while others, men, women and
children, are martyred by fire. Alma and Amulek
delivered, by the power of God, from prison; the
prison is destroyed, and with it their persecutors.
Massacre of 1005 believing Lamanites. 82 519 10

The Lamanites, as foretold by Alma, destroy Ammonihah,
with all its people, but are afterwards disastrously
defeated by Zoram. 81 520 11

The church greatly increases during this and two
following years. 80 521 12

†Second massacre of the people of Anti-Nephi-Lehi. 79 522 13

†The people of Anti-Nephi-Lehi arrive in the land of
Zarahemla. 78 523 14

The people of Anti-Nephi-Lehi established in the land
of Jershon. The Lamanites pursue the Ammonites; are
defeated by the Nephites with great slaughter. 77 524 15

Korihor, the anti-Christ, struck dumb, and afterwards
killed in a city of the Zoramites. Alma and others
proceed to Antionum and minister among the Zoramite
dissenters; the majority reject their words, and
afterwards cast out their believing brethren. The
latter flee to the land of Jershon, while the
unrepentant ally themselves with the Lamanites and
prepare for war. 75 526 17

The Ammonites remove to Melek. The Zoramites become
Lamanites; the united armies occupy Antionum and
attempt to invade Manti. They are defeated by
Moroni and Lehi near the hill Riplah. The Lamanites
make a covenant of peace and return to their own
lands. The record of Alma closes. 74 527 18

Alma transfers the records to his son Helaman; leaves
Zarahemla, as if to go to Melek, and is never heard
of more. Dissensions arise in the church; the
dissenters endeavor to make Amalickiah king. Moroni
rears the "Title of Liberty," the people rally
thereto, and Amalickiah retreats into the
wilderness; the greater portion of his followers
are slain; he escapes to the Lamanites, rises in
power, poisons General Lehonti, kills the king,
marries the queen, and is proclaimed king. Moroni
fortifies the Nephite cities. The Lamanites
invade Ammonihah and Noah; are repulsed with great
loss and return home to their own lands. 73 528 19

Moroni commences his line of defense along the
southern line of the Nephite possessions. The
Lamanites driven out of the east wilderness. The
foundations laid of Moroni, Lehi, Nephihah, and
other cities. 72 529 20

Never was a happier time among the people of Nephi. 71 530 21

Contention between the people of the cities of
Morianton and Lehi. The former flee northward;
their flight arrested by Teancum, who defeats and
slays their leader. The difficulty is settled, and
both people return to their own possessions.
Nephihah, the second chief judge, dies; his son,
Pahoran, succeeds him. 68 533 24

Great contentions between the "king men" and "free
men." The people decide in favor of the continuance
of the republic, upon which the monarchists revolt;
they refuse to take up arms against the invading
Lamanites, but are defeated by Moroni, 4000 slain,
and the rest cast into prison. Amalickiah captures
the Nephite cities of Moroni, Nephihah, Lehi, Gid,
Morianton, Omner, Mulek, etc., on the Atlantic
coast. He is defeated by Teancum. Teancum enters
the Lamanite camp at night and slays Amalickiah. 67 534 25

The Lamanites retreat into Mulek. Ammaron, brother
of Amalickiah succeeds him as their king, and
takes command of their armies on the Pacific
Coast. Moroni visits the Nephite forces in the
south-west. Teancum fortifies the land Bountiful
and the Isthmus of Panama. The Ammonites desire
to assist in the war, but because of their oath
are not permitted; but 2000 of their sons, under
Helaman, join the Nephite armies in the south-west,
where they find that the Lamanites have captured
the cities of Manti, Zeezrom, Cumeni and Antiparah. 66 535 26

Moroni re-enforces Teancum in Bountiful. The
Nephite forces in the south-west finish fortifying
the city of Judea. †Tremendous battle in the
wilderness north of Judea; the Lamanites defeated,
but Antipus, the Nephite commander, is slain. 65 536 27

Mulek recaptured by Moroni, Lehi and Teancum. Jacob,
the Lamanite general, killed. Lehi placed in
command at Mulek. The Lamanite prisoners compelled
to dig a ditch around and fortify the city
Bountiful. The city of Antiparah vacated by the
Lamanites and re-occupied by the Nephites. 64 537 28

Pachus revolts and endeavors to establish a monarchy.
Moroni recaptures Gid, and releases large numbers of
Nephite prisoners. Six thousand men, from Zarahemla,
join the Nephite armies in the south-west. The
Lamanites surrender Cumeni. The Nephites drive the
Lamanites eastward to the land of Manti. They are
afterwards driven out of that region by Helaman.
Helaman writes an epistle to Moroni, complaining of
want of reinforcements. 63 538 29

Pachus drives the chief judge out of Zarahemla; he
seeks safety in Gideon. Pachus opens a treasonable
correspondence with the Lamanites. Moroni, having
received Helaman's epistle, writes twice to
Pahoran; on receiving the latter's reply, he
gathers up troops and goes to his aid. The united
forces of Moroni and Pahoran defeat Pachus, who
is slain, and the rebellion is put down. The
Lamanite troops, driven out of the south-west,
capture the city of Nephihah. 62 539 30

Provisions and 6000 men sent to the relief of
Helaman; the same to the commanders in the east.
A battle fought on the road between Zarahemla and
Nephihah. 4000 Lamanite prisoners make a covenant
of peace, and are sent to join the Ammonites.
Nephihah surprised and captured by Moroni. Lehi
and several other cities on the Atlantic coast
recaptured by the Nephites. Teancum slays Ammoron
in the city of Moroni, and is himself slain by
Ammoron's servants. The city is captured by the
Nephites, and the Lamanites are driven to their
own lands. 61 540 31

Moroni fortifies the southern border of the Nephites,
and transfers the command of his forces to his son
Moronihah. Helaman and his fellow-laborers
re-establish the church; great humility of its
members. 60 541 32

The Nephites begin to recover from the demoralization
and disorganization incident to the protracted war. 59 542 33

Helaman dies. †Shiblon takes charge of the sacred
plates. 57 544 35

Moroni dies, aged 43. 56 545 36

Five thousand four hundred Nephites, with their
families, leave Zarahemla to colonize the north
country. Hagoth establishes ship-building yards on
the pacific side of the Isthmus. 55 546 37

Large migration northward. Two of Hagoth's ships never
again seen after leaving port. 54 557 38

Shiblon dies; the sacred records, etc., transferred to
Helaman, the younger. Some Nephites dissent and go
over to the Lamanites; the latter invade Zarahemla,
but are driven out by Moronihah. Pahoran dies. The
Book of Alma closes. 53 548 39

The Book of Helaman opens. Tubaloth king of the
Lamanites. Three of Pahoran's sons contend for the
judgment seat. The people choose Pahoran, the
younger. His brother Paanchi rebels, for which he
is condemned and executed. One of his adherents,
Kishkumen, assassinates Pahoran. Pacumeni chosen
chief judge. The Gadianton bands organized. 52 549 40

The Lamanites, under Coriantumr, invade Zarahemla,
capture the city, slay Pacumeni, and advance
northward. Later the Nephites, under Moronihah and
Lehi, destroy the invading army. Coriantumr slain. 51 550 41

Helaman elected chief judge; Kishkumen attempts to
assassinate him, but is himself slain. Gadianton
and his band flee into the wilderness. 50 551 42

Much contention among the Nephites. Many emigrate
north, as far as the great lakes. 46 555 46

Great contentions. Helaman fills the judgment seat
with justice and equity. 45 556 47

The contentions measurably cease; the church is
greatly prospered; tens of thousands baptized. The
Gadianton robbers secretly increase in the more
thickly settled portions of the land. 43 558 49

Pride increases: the more humble members of the
church persecuted. 41 560 51

Helaman dies; his son Nephi chosen chief judge. 39 562 53

Contentions and bloodshed among the Nephites; the
rebellious affiliate with the Lamanites. 38 563 54

More dissenters go over to the Lamanites, who are all
the year preparing for war. 36 565 56

The Lamanites invade Zarahemla; the Nephites, owing
to their dissensions and wickedness, are everywhere
driven before them. 35 566 57

The Lamanites overrun all the Nephite possessions as
far as Bountiful. The Nephites fortify the Isthmus. 34 567 58

The Lamanites obtain possession of all South America. 33 568 59

Moronihah reconquers the most northern portions of
South America. 32 569 60

The Nephites regain about half their possessions,
Zarahemla remaining in the hands of the Lamanites.
Under the preaching of Nephi, and others, the
Nephites commence to repent. 31 570 61

No more Nephite successes on account of their lack of
faith. Nephi delivers up the judgment seat to
Cezoram. Nephi and Lehi, having preached to the
Nephites, go over to the Lamanites in Zarahemla;
8000 of that people are baptized. They then
proceed to the land of Nephi, where they are
imprisoned, but delivered by marvelous
manifestations from heaven. The voice of the Lord
is heard by those assembled at the prison, and
they are surrounded by fire. The greater part of
the Lamanites are converted and they surrender all
the lands they had taken from the Nephites. 30 571 62

The Lamanites exceed the Nephites in righteousness;
their missionaries preach in Zarahemla and the
land northward; Nephi and Lehi also go north.
Universal peace prevails throughout the continent,
and Nephites and Lamanites travel, unrestrictedly
in all parts. 29 572 63

An era of great prosperity. Much preaching and
prophecy by the servants of God. 27 574 65

Chief Judge Cezoram slain by a Gadianton robber; his
son and successor suffers the same fate. 26 575 66

The Nephites again growing exceedingly wicked, the
greater part unite with the Gadianton robbers;
they also build up to themselves idols of gold and
silver. 25 576 67

The Lamanites grow in righteousness, while the
Nephites increase in iniquity. The Gadianton bands
are utterly destroyed from among the Lamanites,
but are so greatly encouraged by the Nephites that
they obtain sole management of the government. 24 577 68

Chief Judge Seezoram assassinated by his brother,
Seantum. Nephi, rejected in the north, returns to
Zarahemla; he notifies the people of the murder of
Seezoram, is arrested as an accessory, but
afterwards released. The Lord makes a covenant
with him, and directs him to continue his
ministrations. 23 578 69

Nephi, preserved by the miraculous power of God,
preaches from land to land. 22 579 70

Division, even to bloodshed, prevails among the
Nephites. 21 580 71

Contentions and wars throughout all the land. 20 581 72

The internal wars, originating with the Gadianton
robbers, still continue. To stay the bloodshed,
Nephi prays for a famine; his prayer is answered. 19 582 73

The famine continues and spreads. 18 583 74

The whole land, both among the Nephites and Lamanites,
smitten with the famine: thousands die of hunger
and pestilence. The people, in their extremity
repent; they exterminate the Gadianton bands. 17 584 75

The Lord sends rain; and the earth brings forth
abundantly. Nephi is reverenced as a servant of God
by all the people. 16 585 76

The people rapidly increase; the major part of both
peoples belong to the church. 15 586 77

Slight contentions on doctrinal questions. 14 587 78

The controversies increase; Nephi and Lehi receive
many revelations and put an end to the disputes. 13 588 79

Dissenters search out the ancient abominations,
re-establish the Gadianton bands and commence war. 12 589 80

The robbers grow strong; defy the armies of the
Nephites and Lamanites; commit depredations and
carry off many prisoners. Great loss of life on
both sides. 11 590 81

The Nephites again begin to forget the Lord.
The Lamanites remain faithful. 10 591 82

The people wax strong in iniquity. 9 592 83

The people do not mend their ways. 8 593 84

The people grow in wickedness and ripen for
destruction. 7 594 85

Samuel, the Lamanite, prophecies on the walls of
Zarahemla; some attempt to kill him, others
believe. The latter seek Nephi and are baptized.
Samuel escapes to his own land. Nephi performs
many miracles. 6 595 86

The greater portion of the people remain in their
pride and wickedness, the lesser portion walking
more circumspectly before God. 5 596 87

The people grow more hardened. 3 598 89

The words of the prophets begin to be fulfilled;
signs and wonders appear, betokening the coming of
the Savior; angels are seen by many; yet the
people still harden their hearts. The Book of
Helaman closes. 2 599 90

The Third Book of Nephi opens. Nephi departs out of
the land, and is never again seen. Lachoneus,
chief judge and governor. 1 600 91

A.C.

The promised signs of the Redeemer's birth appear, to
the joy of believers. The two days and one night of
constant light; a new star appears. The majority of
the people join the church. The Nephites reckon
their time from the Messiah's advent. 1 601 92

The Gadianton robbers commit many murders; the people
not strong enough to overpower them. 2 602

Dissensions increase, owing to many joining the
robber bands, especially among the young. 3 603

Wickedness and unbelief greatly increase. 4 604

Evil continues to gain strength to this time.
Gadianton bands grow so numerous that both Nephites
and Lamanites take up arms against them. 13 613

The robbers driven into their secret fastnesses in
the mountains and the wilderness. 14 614

Owing to dissensions, the robbers gain many
advantages. 15 615

Giddianhi, the robber chief, writes an epistle to
Lachoneus, calling upon the Nephites to surrender.
Gidgiddoni chosen commander of the Nephite forces.
Lachoneus decides to gather all the Nephites from
both continents into the lands of Zarahemla and
Bountiful, and fortify against the attacks of the
robbers. 16 616

The people, with all their movable substance and
seven years' provisions, gather at the appointed
place. 17 617

In the latter part of the year the robbers leave
their hiding places and occupy the lands deserted
by the people. 18 618

The robbers, under Giddianhi, attack the Nephites.
The slaughter more terrible than in any previous
battle among the children of Lehi; Giddianhi is
slain, the robbers are defeated and pursued to the
wilderness. 19 619

The robbers do not venture to again attack the
Nephites. Zemnarihah made chief of the robber
bands. 20 620

The robbers surround and ineffectually besiege the
Nephites, who make many sorties and slay tens of
thousands of them; the robbers attempt to
concentrate in the north but are cut off, their
armies destroyed, and thousands taken prisoners;
among whom is Zemnarihah, who is afterwards
hanged. The Nephites greatly rejoice in their
marvelous deliverance. 21 621

All the Nephites believe the words of the prophets;
righteousness prevails. They preach to their
prisoners; all who make a covenant to murder no
more are released, those who refuse are punished
according to the law. 22 622

The Nephites all return to their own lands on both
continents. 26 626

The laws revised according to justice and equity;
great order throughout the land. 27 627

Many new cities built and old ones repaired;
numerous other improvements made. 28 628

Disputings and contentions re-commence; pride and
other evils increase. 29 629

Lachoneus, the younger, governor. The church broken
up, except among a few Lamanites. Many prophets
testify and are persecuted; some are executed
contrary to law. The officers committing these
crimes, on being called to account, rebel and
seek to establish a monarchy, with Jacob as king.
The chief judge is slain, and the ancient
iniquitous combination re-introduced. The Nephite
Republic is broken up, and the people divided
into numerous tribes. Jacob leads his band into
the northernmost part of the land. 30 630

The various tribes more fully regulated. Nephi
performs many miracles; among others, raises his
brother Timothy from the dead. But few are
converted. 31 631

Nephi continues his preaching and ministry; a few
accept his message. 32 632

Many join the church. 33 633

On the fourth day of the new year the signs of
Christ's crucifixion commence. An unparalleled
storm rages for three hours, convulsing the land
and destroying many cities. It is followed by
three days' darkness. The voice of the Lord is
heard proclaiming the destruction that had
happened. Jesus appears to the people in the
land Bountiful. He preaches his gospel, performs
many mighty works, and chooses twelve disciples.
Nephi, the son of Nephi, takes the records. 34 634

All the people are converted, and the church
becomes universal. The believers have all things
in common. 36 636

The disciples of Jesus work many wonderful miracles. 37 637

The people again becoming numerous. Zarahemla and
other cities rebuilt. 59 659

All the original twelve disciples, except the three
who were to tarry, have died by this date. 100 700

The first generation in Christ have passed away.
Nephi dies, and his son Amos takes charge of the
records. 110 710

Amos dies. In his days a few apostatize and become
Lamanites. His son Amos takes charge of the
records. 194 794

All the second generation have passed away, except a
few. 200 800

Pride appears in the church; its members have their
goods no more in common, and sects arise. 201 801

Many churches established opposed to the true church. 210 810

The wicked increase; the disciples and saints
persecuted. The three Nephites perform many
miracles, from the last date to 230 830

The people divided into Nephites and Lamanites. 231 831

The more wicked portion of the people have grown
much the stronger. 244 844

The wicked build up many expensive churches to their
false faiths. 250 850

The members of the true church, or Nephites, begin
to grow proud and sinful. The Gadianton iniquities
are again developed. 260 860

Both Nephites and Lamanites have grown very wicked;
none are righteous except the three disciples. The
Gadianton robbers have spread over all the land. 300 900

Amos transfers the records to his brother Ammaron,
and dies. 306 906

Mormon born. 311 911

Ammaron hides up the records in the hill Shim. 321 921

Mormon, the father of Mormon, takes his son to
Zarahemla. War commences between the Nephites and
Lamanites; a number of battles fought in which
the Nephites prevail. Mormon's record opens. 322 922

The three Nephites cease to minister among the
people, because of their iniquities. Things hidden
in the earth become slippery. Mormon endeavors to
preach, but his mouth is shut. War recommences,
and Mormon is chosen general of the Nephites. 326 926

The Nephites retreat before the Lamanites to the
north countries. The Lamanites capture Angola. 327 927

†The Lamanites drive the Nephites out of the land of
David into the land of Joshua. 328 928

†Revolution and carnage throughout all the land. The
Nephite warriors gather for battle into one place. 329 929

The Lamanite king, Aaron, defeated by Mormon. 330 930

Great sorrow among the Nephites, because of their
pitiable condition. 331 931

Mormon obtains the plates, as Ammaron directed. 335 935

Wars, with much slaughter, until 344 944

The Lamanites drive the Nephites to the land of
Jashon, thence northward to the land of Shem. The
Nephites fortify the city of Shem. 345 945

Mormon, with 30,000 Nephites, defeats 50,000
Lamanites in the land of Shem; he pursues and
again defeats the enemy. 346 946

The Nephites regain the lands of their inheritance
by the end of the year 349 949

The Nephites as one party, and the Lamanites and
Gadiantons as the other, make a treaty, by which
the Nephites possess the country north of the
Isthmus, and the Lamanites that south of it. Ten
years' peace follows. 350 950

By the command of the Lord, Mormon preaches
repentance, but the Nephites harden their hearts,
during the ten years ending 360 960

The Lamanite king declares war; the Nephites gather
at the land Desolation. 360 960

The Lamanites march to Desolation, are defeated and
return home. 361 961

The Lamanites make another invasion and are defeated.
Mormon refuses to lead the Nephites any longer. 362 962

The Nephites invade South America, and are driven
back. The Lamanites capture the city of Desolation. 363 963

The Lamanites besiege Teancum, are repulsed, and the
Nephites recapture Desolation. 364 964

The Lamanites re-commence war; they capture the
cities of Desolation and Teancum, but are
afterwards driven entirely out of the lands of the
Nephites. 367 967

The Lamanites again commence war. A fierce battle is
fought in the land Desolation. The Lamanites
capture Desolation, Boaz and other cities. Mormon
takes up all the records from the hill Shim. 375 975

Mormon resumes command of the Nephites, the
Lamanites twice attack the city of Jordon, and are
repulsed. They burn many Nephite towns. 379 979

The Nephites disastrously routed. 380 980

†Mormon writes to the Lamanite king, asking to be
allowed to gather all his people to the hill
Cumorah, and there give battle. His request is
granted. 382 982

At the end of this year all the Nephites are gathered
at the hill Cumorah. 384 984

Mormon hides all the records in Cumorah, save the
abridged ones, which he gives to Moroni. The final
battle, in which all but twenty-four Nephites are
killed, and a few who escape to the south. Mormon
closes his record. 385 985

Moroni records the death of his father and the
extinction of his people, also the Lamanites are
at war with each other all over the land. 400 1000

Moroni closes his record. 421 1021