Chapter II: The Priory and the Rhymester

The gravest historians have given accounts of the beginnings of the Dunmow Custom. There is Dugdale, for instance, who was born in 1686. He writes in his _Monasticon_--

Robert Fitzwalter, who lived long beloved by King Henry, the son of King John (as also of all the realm), betook himself in his latter days to prayer and deeds of charity, and great and bountiful alms to the poor, kept great hospitality, and re-edified the decayed Priory of Dunmow, which Juga, a most devout and religious woman, had builded; in which Priory arose a custom, began and instituted either by him or some of his ancestors, which is verified by the common saying or proverb, "that he which repents him not of his marriage, either sleeping or waking, in a year and a day, may lawfully go to Dunmow and fetch a Gammon of Bacon." It is certain that such a custom there was, and that the Bacon was delivered with such solemnity and triumph as they of the Priory and Town could make--continuing till the dissolution of that house. The party or pilgrim took the Oath before the Prior of the Convent, and the Oath was administered with long process and much solemn singing and chanting.

But how did the Custom actually come about? Harrison Ainsworth has explained convincingly in his rhyme, _The Custom of Dunmow_--

"What seek you here, my children dear?
Why kneel ye down thus lowly
Upon the stones, beneath the porch
Of this our Convent holy?"
The Prior old the pair bespoke
In faltering speech, and slowly.

Their modest garb would seem proclaim
The pair of low degree,
But though in cloth of frieze arrayed,
A stately youth was he;
While she, who knelt down by his side,
Was beautiful to see.

"A Twelvemonth and a Day have fled
Since first we were united;
And from that hour," the young man said,
"No change our hopes has blighted.
Fond faith with fonder faith we've paid.
And love with love requited.

"True to each other have we been;
No dearer object seeing,
Than each has in the other found;
In everything agreeing.
And every look, and word, and deed
That breed dissension fleeing.

"All this we swear, and take in proof
Our Lady of Dunmow!*
For She, who sits with saints above,
Well knows that it is so.
Attest our Vow, thou reverend man,
And bless us ere we go!"

* The accent in Dunmow is on the first syllable, not as placed by Ainsworth and other rhymers.

The Prior old stretch'd forth his hands;
"Heaven prosper ye!" quoth he;
"O'er such as ye, right gladly we
Say '_Benedicite!_'"
On this, the kneeling pair uprose--
Uprose full joyfully.

Just then, pass'd by the Convent cook--
And moved the young man's glee;
On his broad back a mighty Flitch
Of Bacon brown bore he.
So heavy was the load, I wis,
It scarce mote carried be.

"Take ye that Flitch," the Prior cried,
"Take it, fond pair, and go;
Fidelity, like yours, deserves
The boon I now bestow.
Go, feast your friends, and think upon
The Convent of Dunmow."

"Good Prior," then the youth replied,
"Thy gift to us is dear,
Not for its worth, but that it shows
Thou deem'st our love sincere,
And in return broad lands I give--
Broad lands thy Convent near;
Which shall to thee and thine produce
A Thousand Marks a year!

"But this Condition I annex,
Or else the Grant's forsaken;
That whensoe'er a pair shall come,
And take the Oath we've taken,
They shall from thee and thine receive
A goodly Flitch of Bacon.

"And thus from out a simple chance
A usage good shall grow;
And our example of true love
Be held up evermo:
While all who win the prize shall bless
The Custom of Dunmow."

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STOTHARD'S PICTURE, "THE PROCESSION OF THE FLITCH OF BACON."--It was published in 1833 and was dedicated to Samuel Rogers, the poet.

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STOTHARD'S PICTURE ADAPTED, WITH QUEEN VICTORIA AND PRINCE ALBERT AS LEADING ACTORS.--Among the figures are Lord Brougham, Lord Palmerston, the Duke of Wellington, Sir Robert Peel, Lord John Russell, the Archbishop of Canterbury and the Dukes of Sussex and Cambridge. Date of print, 1841.

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"Who art thou, son?" the Prior cried,
His tones with wonder falter--
"Thou should'st not jest with reverend men,
Nor with their feelings palter."
"I jest not, Prior, for know in me
Sir Reginald Fitzwalter.

"I now throw off my humble garb,
As I what I am, contest;
The wealthiest I of wealthy men,
Since with this treasure blest."
And as he spoke, Fitzwalter clasp'd
His lady to his breast.

"In peasant guise my love I won,
Nor knew she whom she wedded;
In peasant cot our truth we tried,
And no disunion dreaded.
Twelve months' assurance proves our faith
On firmest base is steadied."

Joy reigned within those Convent walls
When the glad news was known;
Joy reigned within Fitzwalter's halls
When there his bride was shown.
No lady in the land such sweet
Simplicity could own;
A natural grace had she, that all
Art's graces far outshone:
Beauty and worth for want of birth
Abundantly atone.

L'ENVOY

What need of more? That Loving Pair
Lived long and truly so;
Nor ever disunited were;--
For one death laid them low!
And hence arose that Custom old--
The Custom of Dunmow.

Of this Fitzwalter we shall hear later on.