Chapter I: Front Matter

THE
TAPESTRY
BOOK

BY

HELEN CHURCHILL CANDEE

AUTHOR OF "DECORATIVE STYLES AND PERIODS"

_WITH FOUR PLATES IN COLOUR AND NINETY-NINE
ILLUSTRATIONS IN BLACK-AND-WHITE_

NEW YORK
FREDERICK A. STOKES COMPANY
MCMXII

Renaissance Brussels Tapestry, Italian Cartoon. W. de Pannemaker,
weaver.

Collection of George Blumenthal, Esq., New York]

_Copyright, 1912, by_ FREDERICK A. STOKES COMPANY

_All rights reserved, including that of translation into foreign languages, including the Scandinavian_

_October, 1912_

TO
TWO CERTAIN BYZANTINE MADONNAS
AND THEIR OWNERS

AN ACKNOWLEDGMENT

Modesty so dominates the staff in art museums that I am requested not to make mention of those officers who have helped me with friendly courtesy and efficiency. To the officers and assistants at the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York, the Art Institute of Chicago, the Museum of Fine Arts in Boston, and the Print Department in the Library of Congress in Washington, indebtedness is here publicly acknowledged with the regret that I may not speak of individuals. Photographs of tapestries are credited to Messrs. A. Giraudon, Paris; J. Laurent, Madrid; Alinari, Florence; Wm. Baumgarten, and Albert Herter, New York, and to those private collectors whose names are mentioned on the plates.

H. C. C.

CONTENTS

CHAPTER PAGE

I A FOREWORD 1

II ANTIQUITY 15

III MODERN AWAKENING 25

IV FRANCE AND FLANDERS, 15TH CENTURY 32

V HIGH GOTHIC 51

VI RENAISSANCE INFLUENCE 64

VII RENAISSANCE TO RUBENS 72

VIII ITALY, 15TH THROUGH 17TH CENTURIES 81

IX FRANCE 90

X THE GOBELINS FACTORY 105

XI THE GOBELINS FACTORY (_Continued_) 117

XII THE GOBELINS FACTORY (_Continued_) 126

XIII THE GOBELINS FACTORY (_Continued_) 135

XIV BEAUVAIS 145

XV AUBUSSON 154

XVI SAVONNERIE 159

XVII MORTLAKE 163

XVIII IDENTIFICATIONS 172

XIX IDENTIFICATIONS (_Continued_) 186

XX BORDERS 201

XXI TAPESTRY MARKS 216

XXII HOW IT IS MADE 226

XXIII THE BAYEUX TAPESTRY 241

XXIV TO-DAY 249

BEST PERIODS AND THEIR DATES 265

INDEX 267

ILLUSTRATIONS

HERSE AND MERCURY (_Coloured Plate_) _Frontispiece_
Renaissance Brussels Tapestry, Italian Cartoon. W. de
Pannemaker, weaver. Collection of George Blumenthal,
Esq., New York

FACING PAGE

CHINESE TAPESTRY 14
Chien Lung Period

COPTIC TAPESTRY 15
About 300 A. D.

COPTIC TAPESTRY 16
Boston Museum of Fine Arts

COPTIC TAPESTRY 17
Boston Museum of Fine Arts

TAPESTRY FOUND IN GRAVES IN PERU 18
Date prior to Sixteenth Century

THE SACRAMENTS (_Coloured Plate_) 34
Arras Tapestry, about 1430. Metropolitan Museum of Art,
New York

THE SACRAMENTS 38
Arras Tapestry, about 1430

THE SACRAMENTS 39
Arras Tapestry, about 1430

FIFTEENTH CENTURY, FRENCH TAPESTRY 40
Boston Museum of Fine Arts

THE LIFE OF CHRIST 41
Flemish Tapestry, second half of Fifteenth Century.
Boston Museum of Fine Arts

LA BAILLEE DES ROSES 42
French Tapestry, about 1450. Metropolitan Museum of Art,
New York

FIFTEENTH CENTURY MILLEFLEUR WITH ARMS 43
Cathedral of Troyes

THE LADY AND THE UNICORN 44
French Tapestry, Fifteenth Century. Musee de Cluny, Paris

THE LADY AND THE UNICORN 45
French Tapestry, Fifteenth Century. Musee de Cluny, Paris

THE SACK OF JERUSALEM (DETAIL) 46
Burgundian Tapestry, about 1450. Metropolitan Museum of
Art, New York

SCENES FROM THE LIFE OF CHRIST, WITH ARMORIAL SHIELDS 48
Flemish Tapestry, Fifteenth Century. Institute of Art,
Chicago

HISTORY OF THE VIRGIN 49
Angers Cathedral

DAVID AND BATHSHEBA 50
German Tapestry, about 1450

FLEMISH TAPESTRY. ABOUT 1500 51
Collection of Alfred W. Hoyt, Esq.

DAVID AND BATHSHEBA 52
Flemish Tapestry, late Fifteenth Century

HISTORY OF ST. STEPHEN 53
Arras Tapestry, Fifteenth Century

VERDURE 54
French Gothic Tapestry

"ECCE HOMO" 55
Brussels Tapestry, about 1520. Metropolitan Museum of
Art, New York

ALLEGORICAL SUBJECT 56
Flemish Tapestry, about 1500. Collection of Alfred W.
Hoyt, Esq.

CROSSING THE RED SEA 57
Brussels Tapestry, about 1500. Boston Museum of Fine Arts

THE KINGDOM OF HEAVEN 58
Flemish Tapestry, about 1510. Collection of J. Pierpont
Morgan, Esq., New York

FLEMISH TAPESTRY, END OF FIFTEENTH CENTURY 60
Collection of Martin A. Ryerson, Esq., Chicago. Formerly
in the Spitzer Collection

THE HOLY FAMILY 61
Flemish Tapestry, end of Fifteenth Century. Collection
of Martin A. Ryerson, Esq., Chicago. Formerly in the
Spitzer Collection

CONQUEST OF TUNIS BY CHARLES V (DETAIL) 62
Cartoon by Jan Vermeyen. Woven by Pannemaker. Royal
Collection at Madrid

DEATH OF ANANIAS.--FROM ACTS OF THE APOSTLES BY RAPHAEL 64
From the Palace of Madrid

THE STORY OF REBECCA 65
Brussels Tapestry, Sixteenth Century. Collection of
Arthur Astor Carey, Esq., Boston

THE CREATION 66
Flemish Tapestry. Italian Cartoon, Sixteenth Century

THE ORIGINAL SIN 67
Flemish Tapestry. Italian Cartoon, Sixteenth Century

MELEAGER AND ATALANTA 68
Flemish design, second half of Seventeenth Century.
Woven in Paris workshops by Charles de Comans

PUNIC WAR SERIES 69
Brussels Tapestry. Sixteenth Century. Collection of
Arthur Astor Carey, Esq., Boston

EPISODE IN THE LIFE OF CAESAR 70
Flemish Tapestry. Sixteenth Century. Gallery of the
Arazzi, Florence

WILD BOAR HUNT 71
Flemish Cartoon and Weaving, Sixteenth Century. Gallery
of the Arazzi, Florence

VERTUMNUS AND POMONA 72
First half of Sixteenth Century. Royal Collection of
Madrid

VERTUMNUS AND POMONA 73
First half of Sixteenth Century. Royal Collection of
Madrid

VERTUMNUS AND POMONA 74
First half of Sixteenth Century. Royal Collection of
Madrid

VERTUMNUS AND POMONA 75
First half of Sixteenth Century. Royal Collection of
Madrid

TAPESTRIES FOR HEAD AND SIDE OF BED 76
Renaissance designs. Royal Collection of Madrid

THE STORY OF REBECCA 77
Brussels Tapestry. Sixteenth Century. Collection of
Arthur Astor Carey, Esq., Boston

BRUSSELS TAPESTRY. LATE SIXTEENTH CENTURY 78
Weaver, Jacques Geubels. Institute of Art, Chicago

MEETING OF ANTONY AND CLEOPATRA 79
Brussels Tapestry. Woven by Gerard van den Strecken.
Cartoon attributed to Rubens

THE ANNUNCIATION (_Coloured Plate_) 82
Italian Tapestry. Fifteenth Century. Collection of
Martin A. Ryerson, Esq., Chicago

ITALIAN TAPESTRY, MIDDLE OF SIXTEENTH CENTURY 84
Cartoon by Bacchiacca. Woven by Nicholas Karcher

ITALIAN TAPESTRY. MIDDLE OF SIXTEENTH CENTURY 85
Cartoon by Bacchiacca. Woven by G. Rost

ITALIAN VERDURE. SEVENTEENTH CENTURY 86

THE FINDING OF MOSES 90
Gobelins, Seventeenth Century. Cartoon after Poussin.
The Louvre Museum

TRIUMPH OF JUNO 91
Gobelins under Louis XIV

TRIUMPH OF THE GODS (DETAIL) 94
Gobelins, Seventeenth Century

TRIUMPH OF THE GODS (DETAIL) 95
Gobelins Tapestry

GOBELINS BORDER (DETAIL) SEVENTEENTH CENTURY 98

CHILDREN GARDENING 99
After Charles Lebrun. Gobelins, Seventeenth Century.
Chateau Henri Quatre, Pau

CHILDREN GARDENING 102
After Charles Lebrun. Gobelins, Seventeenth Century.
Chateau Henri Quatre, Pau

GOBELINS GROTESQUE 103
Musee des Arts Decoratifs, Paris

GOBELINS TAPESTRY, AFTER LEBRUN, EPOCH LOUIS XIV 104
Collection of Wm. Baumgarten, Esq., New York

THE VILLAGE FETE 105
Gobelins Tapestry after Teniers

DESIGN BY RUBENS 110

DESIGN BY RUBENS 111

DESIGN BY RUBENS 112

GOBELINS TAPESTRY. DESIGN BY RUBENS 113
Royal Collection, Madrid

LOUIS XIV VISITING THE GOBELINS FACTORY 114
Gobelins Tapestry, Epoch Louis XIV

GOBELINS TAPESTRY. TIME OF LOUIS XV 126

HUNTS OF LOUIS XV 130
Gobelins, G. Audran after Cartoon by Oudry

ESTHER AND AHASUERUS SERIES 131
Gobelins, about 1730. Cartoon by J. F. de Troy;
G. Audran, weaver

CUPID AND PSYCHE 132
Gobelins Tapestry. Eighteenth Century. Design by Coypel

PORTRAIT OF CATHERINE OF RUSSIA 133
Gobelins under Louis XVI.

CHAIR OF TAPESTRY. STYLE OF LOUIS XV 136

GOBELINS TAPESTRY (DETAIL) CRAMOISEE. STYLE LOUIS XV 137

HENRI IV BEFORE PARIS 146
Beauvais Tapestry, Seventeenth Century. Design by Vincent

HENRI IV AND GABRIELLE D'ESTREES 147
Design by Vincent

BEAUVAIS TAPESTRY. EIGHTEENTH CENTURY 148
Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York

BEAUVAIS TAPESTRY. TIME OF LOUIS XVI 149
Collection of Wm. Baumgarten, Esq., New York

BEAUVAIS TAPESTRY. TIME OF LOUIS XIV 150

BEAUVAIS TAPESTRY 152

CHAIR COVERING 153
Beauvais Tapestry. First Empire

SAVONNERIE. PORTRAIT SUPPOSABLY OF LOUIS XV 162
Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York

VULCAN AND VENUS SERIES. MORTLAKE 163
Collection of Philip Hiss, Esq., New York

VULCAN AND VENUS SERIES. MORTLAKE 168
Collection of Philip Hiss, Esq., New York

VULCAN AND VENUS SERIES. MORTLAKE 169
Collection of Philip Hiss, Esq., New York

THE EXPULSION OF VULCAN FROM OLYMPUS (_Coloured Plate_) 170

WEAVER AT WORK ON LOW LOOM. HERTER STUDIO 228

SEWING AND REPAIR DEPARTMENT. BAUMGARTEN ATELIERS 229

BAUMGARTEN TAPESTRY. LATE NINETEENTH CENTURY 230

BAUMGARTEN TAPESTRY. MODERN CARTOON 231

BAUMGARTEN TAPESTRY. MODERN CARTOON 234

BAYEUX TAPESTRY. (DETAIL) 1066 242

BAYEUX TAPESTRY. (DETAIL) 1066 243

BAYEUX TAPESTRY. (DETAIL) 1066 244

MODERN AMERICAN TAPESTRY, LOUIS XV INSPIRATION 250

MODERN AMERICAN TAPESTRY FROM FRENCH INSPIRATION 251

GOBELINS TAPESTRY. LATE NINETEENTH CENTURY 252
Luxembourg, Paris

GOBELINS TAPESTRY. LATE NINETEENTH CENTURY 253
Pantheon, Paris

THE ADORATION 256
Merton Abbey Tapestry. Figures by Burne-Jones

DAVID INSTRUCTING SOLOMON IN THE BUILDING OF THE TEMPLE 257
Merton Abbey Tapestry. Burne-Jones, Artist

TRUTH BLINDFOLDED 258
Merton Abbey Tapestry. Byram Shaw, Artist

THE PASSING OF VENUS 260
Merton Abbey Tapestry. Cartoon by Burne-Jones

ANGELI LAUDANTES 261
Merton Abbey Tapestry

AMERICAN (BAUMGARTEN) TAPESTRY COPIED FROM THE GOTHIC 262

DRYADS AND FAUNS 263
From Herter Looms, New York, 1910

THE TAPESTRY BOOK