Chapter II: Appendix: Franklin's Daughter, Mrs. Foxcroft 365

List of Illustrations with Notes

PAGE

THE DUPLESSIS PORTRAIT OF FRANKLIN _Frontispiece._

Painted from life by Duplessis in Paris in 1778, and believed to
be the best likeness of Franklin. The reproduction is from the
original in the Academy of Fine Arts, Philadelphia, by
permission of the owner. Duplessis also made a pastel drawing of
Franklin in 1783, which has often been reproduced.

FRANKLIN TOWED BY HIS KITE 19

This picture is copied from an engraving on the title-page of
the old English edition of Franklin's Works, published in 1806
by J. Johnson & Co., London.

THE SUMNER PORTRAIT OF FRANKLIN 29

Painted, as is supposed, in London in 1726, when he was twenty
years old, and now in the possession of Harvard University. Its
history and the doubts as to its authenticity are given in the
text.

THE MARTIN PORTRAIT OF FRANKLIN 32

Painted by Martin in England in 1765, at the request of Mr.
Robert Alexander, for whom Franklin had performed a service in
examining some documents and giving his opinion.

THE GRUNDMANN IDEAL PORTRAIT OF FRANKLIN 34

Painted by Otto Grundmann, a German artist in America, after a
careful study of Franklin's career and of the portraits of him
taken from life. The original is now in the Boston Art Museum.

HOUSE IN WHICH FRANKLIN WAS BORN 42

Franklin's parents lived in this house, which stood on Milk
Street, Boston, until 1810, when it was destroyed by fire.

PRINTING-PRESS AT WHICH FRANKLIN WORKED WHEN A BOY IN BOSTON 45

From a photograph kindly furnished by the Mechanics' Institute
of Boston, in whose rooms the press is exhibited.

THE BOOK OF COMMON PRAYER AS ABRIDGED BY LORD DESPENCER AND
FRANKLIN 101

The changes in the Venite on the left-hand page are by Franklin,
and perhaps also those in the Te Deum. The changes in the
rubrics are by Lord Despencer, and possibly he also made the
changes in the Te Deum. The copy of the prayer-book from which
this reproduction is made is in the collection of Mr. Howard
Edwards, of Philadelphia.

JOHN FOXCROFT 105

Reproduced by permission of the Historical Society of
Pennsylvania from the painting in their possession. It has been
supposed by some to be a portrait of Franklin; but it has not
the slightest resemblance to his other portraits, and the letter
held in the hand is addressed to John Foxcroft.

WILLIAM FRANKLIN, ROYAL GOVERNOR OF NEW JERSEY 108

Born 1730, died 1813; son of Benjamin Franklin; was Governor of
New Jersey from 1762 to 1776, when he became a Tory. The
reproduction is from an etching by Albert Rosenthal of the
portrait once temporarily in the Philadelphia Library and owned
by Dr. T. Hewson Bache, of Philadelphia.

WILLIAM TEMPLE FRANKLIN 113

Born 1760, died 1823, son of William Franklin, Governor of New
Jersey. He was brought up principally by his grandfather, for
whom he acted as secretary in Paris, during the Revolution, and
by whom he was saved from following his father to Toryism. The
reproduction is from an etching by Albert Rosenthal of the
portrait in the Trumbull Collection, Yale School of Art.

MRS. FRANKLIN 116

This reproduction is from the portrait painted by Matthew Pratt,
and now in the possession of Rev. F. B. Hodge, of Wilkesbarre,
Pennsylvania.

MRS. SARAH BACHE 119

This picture is copied from an engraved reproduction which has
often appeared in books relating to Franklin; but none of these
reproductions are faithful copies of the original painting,
which represents an older and less handsome woman, with more
rugged features and more resemblance to Franklin. Permission to
reproduce the painting could not be secured.

FRONT PAGE OF THE FIRST NUMBER OF THE "PENNSYLVANIA GAZETTE" 135

Reproduced by permission from the collection of the Historical
Society of Pennsylvania.

TITLE-PAGE OF POOR RICHARD'S ALMANAC FOR 1733 144

Reproduced by permission from the collection of the Historical
Society of Pennsylvania.

FRANKLIN'S MARITIME SUGGESTIONS 188

These figures accompanied Franklin's letter to Alphonsus Le Roy
on maritime improvements.

FRANKLIN'S LETTER TO STRAHAN 267

William Strahan was Franklin's intimate friend, although they
differed on the subject of the Revolution. The letter was half
jest, half earnest, and in this tone Franklin always wrote to
him on political subjects. In 1784 he wrote him an affectionate,
but teasing and sarcastic letter on the success of the
Revolution.

FRANKLIN CANNOT DIE 275

From an old French engraving in the collection of Mr. Clarence
S. Bement, of Philadelphia. Death has seized Franklin and is
dragging him to the lower world. The figure half kneeling is
America, with her bow and arrows and the skin of a wild beast,
imploring Death to spare her deliverer. Fame is flying in the
air, with a crape on her arm and a trumpet, announcing that _le
grand_ Franklin has saved his country and given her liberty in
spite of tyrants. The spirit of Philosophy and a warrior are
weeping at the foot of the monument, on which is a
lightning-rod; while France, a fair, soft woman, seizes Franklin
in her arms to bear him to the sky.

AMERICA SET FREE BY FRANKLIN 309

From an old French engraving in the collection of Mr. Clarence
S. Bement, of Philadelphia. Like the preceding one, from the
same collection, it represents America as a savage, in
accordance with the French ideas of that time.

FRANKLIN TEARS THE LIGHTNING FROM THE SKY AND THE SCEPTRE FROM THE
TYRANTS 312

From an old French engraving in the collection of Mr. Clarence
S. Bement, of Philadelphia. The figure with her arm on
Franklin's lap is America.

FRANKLIN RELICS IN THE POSSESSION OF THE HISTORICAL SOCIETY OF
PENNSYLVANIA 330

The cups and saucers are Dresden china, given him by Madame
Helvetius. The china punch-barrel was given him by Count
d'Artois; the wine-glass is one of the heavy kind then in use;
the picture-frame contains a printed dinner invitation sent by
him to the members of the Constitutional Convention of 1787.

PORTRAIT OF LOUIS XVI. 346

The kings of France at that time usually gave their portrait to
a foreign ambassador on his return to his country. This one, by
Sicardi, which was given to Franklin, was formerly surrounded by
two rows of four hundred and eight diamonds, and was probably
worth from ten to fifteen thousand dollars. It is now in the
possession of Mr. J. May Duane, of Philadelphia, by whose
permission it is reproduced.

FRANKLIN PORTRAIT IN WEST COLLECTION 350

A pencil drawing with Benjamin West's name on the back, now the
property of Hon. S. W. Pennypacker, of Philadelphia. It is
supposed by some authorities to be merely a copy of the bust by
Ceracchi; others believe it to be a drawing from life by West.

FRANKLIN'S GRAVE IN CHRIST CHURCH GRAVEYARD, PHILADELPHIA 360

The flat stone marks the grave of Franklin and his wife. The
larger upright stone is in memory of John Read, Mrs. Franklin's
father, and the smaller one is in memory of Franklin's son,
Francis, who died in infancy.

The True Benjamin Franklin