Chapter LXXVI (2)

Jesus, His conversation with the woman of Samaria, i. 11;
silence of, before His judges, 393;
charge of sorcery against, power of His name, 402, 403;
acted by a divine power, 424, 425, 426;
Celsus introduces a Jew disputing with, and refuting, 426, 427;
Celsus’ defamation of, turned into an argument to enhance the glory
and divine power of, 427, 430;
the attachment of His disciples to, and His death for men, 430, 431;
the miraculous birth of, vindicated against Celsus, 431, 432;
predicted to be born of a virgin, 433;
no rational objection to the birth of, from a virgin, 437;
absurdity of imputing the miracles of, to magic, 438, 439;
descent of a dove on, 440, 441, 442, 443;
no grounds for believing in Moses while He is rejected, 444, 445;
evidence of the divinity of the doctrine of, 445, 446;
the heavens open to, 448, 449, 450;
prophecies relating to, 451, 452, etc.;
born in Bethlehem, 453;
the disciples of, Celsus’ account of them, 466-470;
flight of, into Egypt, justified against Celsus, 472, 473;
the miracles of, defended, 474;
the miracles of, not wrought by magic, 474-476;
Celsus’ silly carping about the body of, exposed, 476, 477;
His promise of the Spirit of truth, ii. 3;
observed the Jewish law, 7, 8;
not arrogant, but meek and lowly, 8;
inconsistency of the Jews in rejecting, 9, 10;
Celsus’ impeachment of the Godhead of, answered, 10, 11;
never broke His promise, 13;
never attempted disgracefully to hide from His enemies, 14;
the betrayal of, 15;
the argument of Celsus founded on the betrayal of, answered, 17,
etc.;
predictions respecting,—Celsus’ mode of dealing with the predictions
respecting, refuted, 18, 21;
the disciples of, lovers of truth, 21;
really suffered, died, and was raised from the dead,—an objection
met, 22-24;
if He foreknew the traitor and perjurer, why did they not desist from
their purpose?, 24, 25;
His foreknowledge did not compel the events foreknown, 25-28;
His suffering real, and voluntarily and submissively endured, 29-33;
predictions concerning the life of, 34, 35;
the union of kingdoms at the time of the birth of, 35, 36;
objection of Celsus drawn from the genealogies of, 37;
‘what great deeds did He perform, being a God?’ answered, 37, 38;
could He not have delivered Himself from His enemies?—punishment of
the enemies of, 38, 39, 40;
blood and water flow from the side of,—Celsus’ mockery of this, 40;
vinegar and gall given to, 41;
objection of Celsus that He gained over no one in His life,—why the
Jews are blamed for not believing in, 42-45;
Celsus’ assertion that He did not show Himself pure from evil, 43,
44;
numbered with transgressors, 45, 46;
conduct of the disciples on His being apprehended,—Celsus’ argument
founded on this refuted, 47;
Celsus’ assertion that He only gained over ten sailors and
tax-gatherers, 47, 48;
why Christians were won over to, 48, 49;
refutation of Celsus concerning the miracles of, 49-57;
and the heroes of heathenism compared, 59, 60;
the resurrection of, 60;
ought He to have appeared after His resurrection to His persecutors?,
65-70;
why did He not escape from the cross?, 71, 72;
to whom He appeared after His resurrection, 74;
purposes of His mission, 75;
Celsus’ argument derived from the incredulity of the Jews, answered,
77-81;
censured by Celsus for using threats, 79, etc.;
unbelief of the Jews as to, predicted and punished, 82, 83;
the power of, to diffuse His doctrine and convert men, 83, 84;
not to be compared with Æsculapius, Hercules, etc., 102, 103;
nor with Aristeas of Proconnesus—advantages derived from, 106-111;
nor with Abaris the Hyperborean, 112;
nor with the Clazomenean, 113;
nor with Cleomedes of Astypalea, 114;
nor with Zamolxis, 115, 116;
nor with Adrian, 117, 118;
nor with Antinous, 119, 120;
the human nature of, changed into God, 122, 123;
and Cretan Jove, 124, 125;
Celsus’ objection that He was sent to sinners, 141, 142, 143;
suffering of the Jews for their crime against, 182, 526, 527;
cavils of Celsus respecting—not the only one sent from God to men,
321, 322;
angels wait on—reply to Celsus on this point, 327, 328;
the soul of, joined to the Word, 389, 390;
personal appearance of—Celsus’ reproaches respecting this, 418-420;
appearances after His resurrection not shadowy, 456;
conduct of, under His sufferings, 476, 477;
death of, 478;
the worship of, consistent with the worship of the one God, 500, 501;
the Son of God, 501, 502;
not a demon, 523, 524;
fruitfulness of the death of, 527.

Jews, the, mutilated the Scriptures of the Old Testament, i. 377, 379;
Celsus casts a slight upon, 411, 412;
Numenius and others speak favourably of, 412, 413;
the antiquity of, 413;
believe in one God, 420, 421;
falsely accused by Celsus of angel-worship and sorcery, 424;
the inconsistency of, in rejecting Jesus,—their unbelief foretold,
ii. 9, 10, 77, 82, 83;
punishment of their unbelief, 10;
what they are to be blamed for respecting Jesus, 41;
the points of difference between Christians and, not foolish, 85, 86,
88;
how they adhere to their religion, 87, 88;
blunder of Celsus as to the Egyptian descent of, 88, 89;
the punishment of, for their treatment of Jesus, 182;
Celsus’ ridicule of Christians and, 183;
vindicated against Celsus, the law and polity of, 192, 193;
the genealogy of, 195, 197, 198;
do not worship the heavens, 272, 273;
do not consider the heavens to be God, 274;
do not bow down to angels, 276, 277, 278;
defended against the false charges of Celsus, 312, 313;
have nothing in common with the Persians in the worship of God, 314;
the circumcision practised by, different from that of other nations,
317, 318;
reason of their abstinence from swine’s flesh, 319, 320;
were highly favoured by God, 320, 321, 530, 531.

Job, additions to the book of, in the LXX., i. 378;
and in the Hebrew text, _ibid._

John the Baptist referred to by Josephus, i. 447.

Jonah and Jesus, ii. 478.

Joseph, Celsus’ cavils respecting, ii. 213.

Judaism, converts from, do not desert the law of their fathers, ii. 1,
5, 6.

Judas, the conduct of, in betraying, and after betraying, Jesus, ii.
15, 16;
foretold, 27.

Judea and Jerusalem, figures of a heavenly land, ii. 451.

Jupiter, the Cretan, ii. 124, 125.

Just man, the, promised riches, ii. 444;
how he slays and prevails, 445.

Justice and goodness, their harmony and consistency, i. 97-105.

Καταβολή, i. 256, 258.

Kings, the favour of, according to Celsus, to be sought, ii. 547, 548;
swearing by the fortune of, 549;
how Christians fight for and help, 556, 557.

Knowledge, the increase of, in the future state, i. 148-151.

Κόσμος, i. 86.

Labour, the wisdom of the necessity of, laid on man, ii. 242.

Laius, and the oracle given to, ii. 26, 27.

Land, the good, promised by God to the righteous, ii. 450, 451, 452.

Languages, the confusion of, at Babel, ii. 297, 298, 299.

Law, is it the king of all things?, ii. 310, 311.

Law of Moses, the, the irrationality and impossibility of some of its
precepts taken literally, i. 317-320;
twofold, ii. 443, 444;
promises riches to the just, 444.

Laws, ancestral, is it impiety to abandon them?, ii. 293-298;
when those of states and natural, are opposed, which to be followed?,
307, 308.

Light, the, not to be worshipped, ii. 278, 279;
and darkness, 409, 410.

Light, God is, i. 8, 31.

Lot and his daughters, the story of, assailed by Celsus,—explanation
of, ii. 211, 212.

Lucifer, his fall from heaven, i. 51-53.

Magi, the visit of the, to Jesus, i. 461, 464.

Magic, the miracles of Jesus not wrought by, i. 474-476;
over whom it has power, ii. 379, 380.

Man, the account of the creation of, ridiculed by Celsus, ii. 199, 200;
all things made for the sake of, 239, 240-244;
superiority of, over irrational animals, 244-256.

Marcion, ii. 324, 417.

Martyrs, demons afraid of, ii. 528.

Masters, no man can serve two, ii. 493.

Meats and drinks, abstaining from, ii. 514, 515, 516.

Mediator, the, through whom we come to God, ii. 271, 272.

Men, not be compared to bats and worms, as Celsus compares them,—the
dignity of their nature, ii. 182-185;
God’s care over the first, 246.

Minerva, ii. 550.

Miracles of Jesus, the, their greatness, i. 474;
not wrought by magic, 474-476;
vindicated against Celsus, ii. 49-57.

Miraculous appearances, on Greek testimony, witnessed by men, ii. 326,
327.

Mithrus, the mysteries of, referred to by Celsus, ii. 260, 262.

Moses, his history assailed by Celsus, i. 414, 415;
a challenge on behalf of the laws of, 415, 416;
Celsus strives to discredit his account of creation, 416;
a divine spirit in, 417;
excellency of the history transmitted by, 418;
no reason for believing in, while rejecting Christ, 444, 445;
and Jesus, the miracles of, ii. 54-57, 58, 59;
the antiquity of, 171;
his division of animals into clean and unclean, 260, 261;
the cosmogony of, taken exception to by Celsus, 390-392, 402, 403.

Name of Jesus, the power of, i. 403.

Names, the origin, power, and mystery of, i. 421, 422, 423;
not unimportant, ii. 315;
the power of, in invocations, 316.

New heavens and new earth, the, i. 56, 58.

Numenius, his treatise on _The Good_, i. 412.

Old Testament, the, and the New, their teaching harmonious, ii. 444,
etc., 447.

Only-begotten Son of God, Christ the, i. 18;
the self-abasement of, 259.

Ophites, the, referred to, ii. 362, 365, 366, 367, 462.

Opposing powers, or powers of darkness, the, i. 222, etc.;
our conflict with, 232, etc.

Oracles, ii. 426, 456;
and responses, 529;
and the words of the prophets, 530.

Orpheus, proposed by Celsus to Christians as an object of homage, ii.
275, 276.

Osiris and Isis, ii. 309.

Pandora, Hesiod’s description of the formation of, ii. 201, 202.

Pappæus, ii. 315-317.

Parables, why Jesus spoke in, i. 195-202.

Paraclete, the, i. 114, 116.

Paradise, the, prepared for departed saints, i. 151.

Passions, the, which affect the soul, i. 141.

_Pastor, The, of Hermas_, quoted, i. 34, 35, 230, 301.

Paul, his desire to depart, i. 159, 160;
his wisdom, ii. 100, 101.

Persecution, Jesus and His disciples justified in avoiding, i. 471.

Persians, and Jews hold nothing in common in the worship of God, ii.
214;
mysteries of the, 360;
have no temples, 483;
worship the creature, 485, 486.

Peter, his superstitious adherence to Jewish observances,—how delivered
from it, ii. 1-3.

Pharaoh, the hardening of the heart of, i. 171-191.

Philosophers, the folly and error of, ii. 470.

Phœnix, the, ii. 265.

Planets, the, i. 87.

Plato, quoted respecting Eros, ii. 203-205;
and Scripture, the respective styles of, 336-338;
the inefficacy of his teaching compared with that of the Scriptures,
339-341;
Jesus does not quote and pervert the words of, as Celsus asserts,
354;
excelled by the Scriptures in his idea of God, 355, 366;
quoted as to _Elysium_, 450;
quoted as to certain precious stones, 452;
his _Timœus_ quoted, 464;
on the avenging of injuries, 479.

Potter, the, his power over the clay, i. 211, etc.

Power of God, the, i. 26, 28.

Prayer, to whom it is to be made, ii. 272, 273;
Christians use no barbarous names in, 522.

Precious stones, certain, spoken of by Plato, ii. 452.

Predictions, respecting India, Egypt, and Babylon, etc., 331, 332;
respecting Jesus Christ. _See_ Prophecies.

Pre-existence, the, of rational creatures, i. 256-258.

Prejudice, the power of, i. 455.

Principalities and powers of darkness, the, i. 68-70.

_Prino-prisein_ and _Schino-schisein_ difficulty of interpretation,
the, i. 375, 381, 383.

Promises, the, of future good, not to be interpreted literally and
carnally, i. 145-153.

Prophecies, the, the cavils of Celsus respecting, answered, ii.
431-440, 441, etc.;
relating to Christ, 451, 453, etc., 456-458, 459.

Prophets, the, the various ways God spake to, i. 380;
quoted from each other, 386;
necessary for the Jews, 436, 437;
the character of, ii. 430, 431;
power of the words of, 530.

Providence, divine, maintained against Celsus, ii. 240-244, 266;
incorrect views of, rectified, 488, 489.

Πσυχή, i. 123.

Punishment, future, the Christian doctrine of, i. 140, etc., ii. 524,
532, 534, 535.

Pythagoreans, the abstinence practised by, ii. 320.

Pythian oracle, the, ii. 426, 429.

Qualities always belong to substances, i. 351.

Queen of Sheba, the, ii. 126.

Rational natures, various, i. 44, 45;
capable of sin, 45;
evil, 45, 46;
whether any were created so as to be incapable of sin or of virtue,
46, 47;
the glory of some and the wickedness of others not original and
essential to their being, but the result of desert, 48, 69;
never sink into the condition of irrational animals, 70;
can they lead an existence out of the body, 82;
the immortality of, 353, etc.

Repentance, attributed to God, ii. 399, 400.

Resting, predicated of God, ii. 403.

Restoration, the, of fallen beings, i. 56, 57.

Resurrection, the, of the body, i. 136;
weak believers instructed on the subject, 139;
ridiculed by Celsus, explained and defended, ii. 282, 285, 286-288,
454, 455.

Resurrection, the, of Jesus, ii. 59-62;
the belief of, not the product of a dream, 63;
why did not Jesus show Himself to His enemies after, 65-70;
His appearances after, not phantom-like, 457.

Riches, promised to the just man, in what sense, ii. 444;
Jesus gave no laws contrary to this promise of, 446.

Samaritan woman, Jesus converses with a, i. 11.

Satan, ii. 385;
and Antichrist, 385, 386. _See_ Devil.

Scriptures, the, the teaching of the Church respecting, i. 5;
the inspiration of, 274, etc., 285, etc.;
the superhuman element in, does not present itself to the
uninstructed, 287-290;
how to be regarded and understood, 291, 294, 299;
a threefold sense in, 300;
the soul of, 303-308;
the mysteries contained in, 308, etc.;
stumbling-blocks in, 212;
the histories of, not all pure history, but some to be mystically
understood, 313-322;
in regard to many things, the historical and literal sense of, the
true sense, 323;
passages of, which are true in their historical sense, more numerous
than those which are to be spiritually understood, 324;
the need of careful search to distinguish between what is literal in,
and what is not, 325;
our duty to grasp the whole meaning of, 326;
etymological fancies in, 383;
exhortation to the study of, 390;
many of the histories of, allegories, ii. 209, 210;
simplicity of the style of, compared with that of Plato, 326-338;
the inefficacy of the teaching of Plato compared with that of,
339-341;
exceed Plato in the idea they give of God, 355, 356.

Scythian and Greek names of God, ii. 377, 378.

Secret associations, Christians charged by Celsus with entering
into,—reply, i. 390.

Sects among Christians, ii. 331-333, 335.

Seeing God, i. 16, 17, ii. 465, 466.

Sense and the senses, i. 15.

Septuagint, additions to the Scripture in the—defence of these
additions, i. 371-373.

Seraphim, the, i. 35, 340, 341.

Serapis, ii. 309.

Seriphian and Themistocles, i. 428.

Serpent, the, Celsus ridicules the story of the temptation by, ii. 203;
is the devil, 483.

_Shepherd of Hermas, The_, i. 34, 35, 230, 301.

Sicarians, the, ii. 19.

Silence, the, of Jesus before His judges, i. 393.

Simonians, the, ii. 332, 348.

Sin, incentives to, ii. 226.

Sinners, Christianity invites and restores to virtue, ii. 139-144;
a change of life possible for, asserted against Celsus, 145-149.

Sneezing, according to the poets, prophetic, ii. 261.

Socrates pronounced the wisest of men, ii. 429.

Son, the only-begotten, of God, Christ the, i. 18;
self-abasement of, 257;
subjection of, to the Father, 260-262;
the generation of, 342, 343;
the advent and incarnation of, 345-347;
the dignity of, ii. 308, 388, 389, 502;
the soul of Jesus joined with, 389, 390;
Celsus misrepresents the views of Christians respecting, 503.

“Sons of God” and “daughters of men,” ii. 325.

Sorcery, Jesus charged with, by Celsus, i. 402, 403;
the Jews charged with, 424;
the miracles of Jesus not wrought by, ii. 49-56;
the power of, attributed by Celsus to certain animals, 252, etc.

Soul, the, apostolic teaching respecting, i. 4;
a lost, 121, 122;
meaning of the word, 123, 124;
and spirit of Christ, 125;
why acted on sometimes by evil spirits and sometimes by good, 242,
etc.;
and body alike the work of God, ii. 220-226.

Souls, various sorts of, 118, 119;
of angels and of God, 119, 120;
has man two?—three theories discussed, 244-252;
good and bad, ii. 428.

Spirit,—what?, i. 9.

Spirit of truth, the, promised by Jesus, ii. 3, 4;
perpetually bestowed, 412, 413.

Spirits, wicked, their mode of operation, i. 241;
good, their agency, 242.

Spiritual body, the, i. 266, 267.

Splendour of the eternal light, Christ the, i. 30.

Spoiling the Egyptians, i. 388, 389.

Star, the, of the wise men, i. 462, 464.

Stars, living rational beings capable of sin, i. 61, 62.

Stony heart, the, how taken away, i. 191, etc.

Stumbling-blocks designedly placed in the Scriptures, i. 312.

Subjection, the, of the Son to the Father, i. 260, etc.

Substance, i. 350.

Suffering of Christ, the, predicted, i. 456, 457.

Sun, the, and other planets endowed with life and souls, i. 59-65.

Superiority and inferiority, not to be decided by a bodily standard,
ii. 184.

Susanna, the story of, inquiry of Africanus respecting the genuineness
of, i. 369, 370;
Origen’s defence of the genuineness of, 371, etc.

Swine’s flesh, abstinence from, ii. 319, 320.

Temple, the true, of God, i. 506, 507.

Temptations, proportioned to the strength of the tempted, ii. 227-229;
human, treated of at large, 244, etc.

“Things in heaven, earth, and under the earth,” ii. 57.

Thomas, the scepticism of, ii. 64, 65.

Thoughts, how suggested, i. 229, 230.

Threefold sense of Scripture, the, i. 300, etc.

Thrones, dominions, etc., i. 56.

Tobias, i. 384.

Trinity, the, the unity and operations of the persons of, i. 37-41;
the sum of the doctrine of, 342, etc.

Truth is truth, by whomsoever spoken, ii. 480;
how served up as food by philosophers and prophets and the disciples
of Christ, 480, 481.

Typical interpretation, i. 306.

Tyre, the prince of, i. 49-51.

Union among Christians, the basis of, ii. 96, etc.

Unity of opinion, not characteristic of Christians from the beginning,
ii. 94.

Vanity, the creature made subject to, i. 63-65, 257, 258.

Variety, the, of creatures in the world, i. 128;
accordance of this with righteousness and reason, 131, etc.;
brought to pass by the free-will of individuals, 132-136.

Veil on the heart, the, i. 9.

Vessels to honour and to dishonour, i. 213.

Vinegar and gall, the, predicted, ii. 41.

Virgin Mother, the, vilified by Celsus, vindication of, i. 426, 427,
431, 433;
prediction of the birth of Christ of, 434, 435;
the birth of Jesus of, open to no fair objection, 437, 438.

Will, the free, i. 4, 132, 133, 157, etc.;
able to resist external causes, 161;
its freedom proved from Scripture, 165.

Wisdom, threefold, i. 237;
of the world, 238;
of the princes of the world, 239;
the sort condemned by Christianity, 410;
of Christianity, 100, 101;
Christianity designed to impart, 126, etc.;
human and divine, 350, 351, 352.

Wisdom of God, Christ the, i. 19, 20, 26, 28.

“Wood, hay, stubble,” ii. 173.

Word, the incarnation of the, ii. 174, 175;
different appearances of the, 176;
final universal victory of the, 555.

Words, not to be specially considered by searchers after truth, but the
meaning of, i. 339, 341.

Words of Christ, the, i. 1.

World, the, the doctrine of the Church respecting, i. 5;
the great variety in, 72;
cause of the variety in, 72, 73;
the unity of, in diversity, 73, 74;
the oneness of, proved from Scripture, 75;
the matter of, and its transformations and qualities, 75;
the matter of, not uncreated, 76, 77;
the beginning of,—was there one before, and shall there be one
after?, 79;
this, the conclusion of many ages, 85;
different meanings of the word in Scripture, 86;
another besides this, 86, 87, etc.;
comprehensiveness of, and variety of creatures in, 128-130;
the accordance of this variety in, with righteousness and reason,
131, etc.;
the cause of the variety in, 134-136;
had its beginning in time, 253;
shall come to an end, 255, etc.;
another shall exist after this, 255;
the end of, 262, etc.

Worlds, the, not similar, but dissimilar, i. 84.

Worship, to be given to God alone, and not to gods or demons, ii.
489-500;
of the Father and the Son, 500, 501;
equally acceptable to God in different languages, 522.

Wrath of God, the, ii. 237-239.

Zeno, the reasons why the followers of, abstain from adultery, ii. 484.

Zipporah, and the circumcision of Moses’ son, ii. 318, 319.

END OF VOL. II.

MURRAY AND GIBB, EDINBURGH,
PRINTERS TO HER MAJESTY’S STATIONERY OFFICE.

● Transcriber’s Notes:
○ Text that was in italics is enclosed by underscores (_italics_).
○ Footnotes have been moved to follow the chapters in which they are
referenced.