Chapter XXVI: Part III: Continued (25)

That there is only one minister who is not opposed to me, is totally unfounded. There never was a more harmonious, a more cordial administration, nor ever a moment when it has been otherwise. And while differences of opinion have been always rare among us, I can affirm, that as to present matters, there was not a single paragraph in my message to Congress, or those supplementary to it, in which there was not a unanimity of concurrence in the members of the administration. The fact is, that in ordinary affairs every head of a department consults me on those of his department, and where anything arises too difficult or important to be decided between us, the consultation becomes general.

That there is an ostensible cabinet and a concealed one, a public profession and concealed counteraction, is false.

That I have denounced republicans by the epithet of Jacobins, and declared I would appoint none but those called moderates of both parties, and that I have avowed or entertain any predilection for those called the third party, or Quids, is in every tittle of it false.

That the expedition of Miranda was countenanced by me, is an absolute falsehood, let it have gone from whom it might; and I am satisfied it is equally so as to Mr. Madison. To know as much of it as we could was our duty, but not to encourage it.

Our situation is difficult; and whatever we do is liable to the criticisms of those who wish to represent it awry. If we recommend measures in a public message, it may be said that members are not sent here to obey the mandates of the President, or to register the edicts of a sovereign. If we express opinions in conversation, we have then our Charles Jenkinsons, and back-door counsellors. If we say nothing, "we have no opinions, no plans, no cabinet." In truth it is the fable of the old man, his son and ass, over again.

These are short facts which may suffice to inspire you with caution, until you can come here and examine for yourself. No other information can give you a true insight into the state of things; but you will have no difficulty in understanding them when on the spot. In the meantime, accept my friendly salutations and cordial good wishes.

INDEX TO VOL. IV.

ADAMS, JOHN--Opposition to his administration in connection with
war with France, 229.
The effects of his war policy, 234, 235.
Expenses of his administration, 259.
State of parties during his administration, 262, 263.
His appointments to office, 356, 383, 386.
Relations between him and Mr. Jefferson, 545, 555, 560.
Policy of his administration in relation to French war, 290, 291, 298.

AGRICULTURE--Profits of, in Virginia, 3.

ALIEN AND SEDITION LAWS--Proposed, 237, 242, 244.
Objections to, 258.
Copy of Kentucky resolutions sent to Mr. Madison, 258.
Resolutions on, by Kentucky, 305.

ARMY--Reduction of, 430.

BACON'S REBELLION--528.

BALLS--Dissensions about birth-night balls, 218.

BARBARY STATES--War with Tripoli, 574.

BUREAU--The case of the, 405.

BONAPARTE--His expedition to Egypt, 278, 280.
Establishment of Consular government by, 315, 320.
His administrative talents, 320.
His character and purposes, 322.
Jerome Bonaparte's marriage with Miss Patterson, 510.

BOUNDARY--Difficulty between Virginia and Maryland in reference to, 162.

CALLENDAR--Mr. Jefferson's relations with, 445, 447, 448.

CAPITOL--Building of, 435.

CAROLINA, SOUTH--Notice of effort to excite insurrection among
negroes, 98.

CHARITIES--Principles on which bestowed, 589.

CLIMATE--Of Europe and America compared, 570.
(See Weather.)

COMMERCE--Condition of commerce of U. States in 1798, 213.
Commercial relations with Great Britain, 214.
French regulations in relation to, 220, 221.

CONSULS--One nation not bound to receive Consuls from another, 90.
How commissions for Consuls to U. States addressed, 91.
The limits of the Consular jurisdiction, 39.
No consuls permitted in British West Indies, 69.
Revocation of Exequater of French consul, 72.
Jurisdiction of, over prizes, 83, 84.

CONSTITUTION--Declaration of its principles desirable, 328.
Mode of construction by federalists, 329.
Its true principles, 330.
Principles of the eastern States, 331.

CONVENTION, FEDERAL--What done with journal of, 136.

DEARBORNE, LIEUT.--Made Secretary of War, 356.

DEPARTMENTS--Circular to Heads of, 315.

DUMOURIER, GENERAL--His desertion and character, 5.

EDUCATION--Proposition to remove College of Geneva to United States,
108, 113.
Importance of, 119.
System of schools and colleges proposed by Mr. Jefferson, 317.

ELECTIONS--Members of Congress should be elected by Districts and
not by general ticket, 308.

ENGLAND--Her refusal to surrender our military posts, 95.
Carries off negroes at end of Revolutionary war, 96.
Danger of war with, 102, 105.
Our dependence on, 172.

EUROPE--Condition of, in 1798, 217, 218.

EXCISE--The obnoxious character of, 112.

EXECUTIVES--Mode of communicating between State and Federal
governments, 401.

FEDERALISTS--Character of the party, 112, 139, 197, 448.
Their ascendancy, 140, 141.
The moderate portion of the party, 361.
Mr. Jefferson's policy towards, 451, 484, 542.

FINANCE--Reforms in, 428, 430.

FLORIDAS, THE--Their cession to France, 432.

FOREIGN POLICY--414.

FRANCE--Condition of, in 1793, 8.
Affection of our people for, 123.
Her victories in Europe, 182.
Danger of war with, in 1797, 181, 183, 184, 185, 189, 233, 265, 277.
Special mission to, to preserve peace, 187, 208, 232, 234.
War with, avoided, 189, 190.
Silence of Envoys to, favorable, 216.
Their negotiations in France, 232, 234, 251.
Talleyrand's intrigues with, 234, 235, 270.
Return of Envoys to United States, 250.
The X. Y. Z. delusion, 265, 271, 274.
Effect of, in United States, 275.
Conduct of Envoys, 271, 272.
Disposition of France to peace, 271, 275, 276, 288, 292, 293.
Establishment of the Consulate, 315.
Unfriendly feeling in, towards United States, 448.
Condition of, under Bonaparte, 452, 493, 496.

GENET, M.--His conduct, 7, 20, 31, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 52, 53, 64,
68, 84.
His recall asked, 50.
Petitions to have Mr. Jay prosecuted for libelling him, 97.

GERRY, ELBRIDGE--Letter from, on political condition of U. S. and
his mission to France, 273.

GOVERNMENT--Mr. Jefferson's views on, 114, 115.
Equilibrium between State and Federal governments necessary, 217.

GUN BOATS--567.

HAMILTON, ALEXANDER--His great talents, 121, 231.
His advocacy of Jay's treaty, 121.
His anonymous writings, 231.

HENRY, PATRICK--Court paid to him by federalists, 148.

HISTORY, NATURAL--Big bones of the west, 149, 337, 351.
Skeleton from Paraguay, 195.
The wild horses of the west, 253.

IMPEACHMENT--Introduction of trial by jury in cases of, 215.

IMPRESSMENT--Jefferson's views on, 133.

IMPROVEMENT, INTERNAL--Jefferson's views on, 131, 449, 478.
Post roads, 131.
Piers in the Delaware, 449, 478.
Light-houses, 450, 478.

INDIANS--Our efforts to keep them neutral in revolutionary war, 10.
Efforts to preserve peace with, 10, 11, 12.
Our policy towards, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 464, 467, 472, 489.
War with northwestern Indians, 86.
Cessions of land by, 464, 467, 472.
Their languages, 326, 580.
Their artistic skill, 310.

INSURRECTION--Of negroes in Virginia, 336.

JEFFERSON, THOMAS--His retirement from Secretaryship of State, 26,
28, 99, 100.
Consents to remain until December, 1792, 28.
His retirement from politics, 101.
His devotion to agricultural life, 103.
His farming system, 106, 143, 224.
Declares his purpose never to enter public life again, 110.
Does not desire the Presidential office, 110.
His relations with General Washington in 1796, 142, 171.
Prefers Mr. Adams to himself for Presidency, 150, 151, 153, 154.
His letter to J. Adams on the subject, 153.
His election to Vice-Presidency, 158, 163, 165, 168.
Mode of notifying his election, 160.
His views of duties of his new office, 161.
His relations with J. Adams, 161, 167.
Preparation of his Parliamentary manual, 163.
His account of the Mazzei letter, 193.
His opposition to war with France, 178, 181, 183, 184, 185, 198,
230, 254.
His political associates, 254.
Calumnies against him, 255, 333, 520, 576.
Summary of his political principles, 268.
His election over Burr to Presidency, 358.
His valedictory to Senate on termination of Vice-Presidency, 362.
His oath of office, 364.
Reformations in administration of government, 396, 399, 523.
His agency in forming Constitution, 441.
Principles of his administration, 452, 523, 548.
Candidate for second Presidential term, 536.
His early friends, 547.
Political differences no effect on private friendships, 562.
His purpose to retire at end of second term, 565.
His majority at second election, 573.
Unanimity of his Cabinet, 592.

JUDICIARY--The executive consults it, 22.
Limits to jurisdiction of federal judiciary, 199.
Jury trial and viva voce evidence in Chancery suits, 318.

JURISDICTION, TERRITORIAL--Extract of the Marine league, 75.

KENTUCKY--Resolutions of, on alien and sedition laws, 258, 305.

KING, RUFUS--Sent minister to Russia, 289.

KNOX, GENERAL--His bankruptcy, 262.

KOSCIUSKO, GENERAL--His return to Europe, 248.

LA FAYETTE--Greeting to his son on coming to U. S., 114.

LAND--Conveyances of, before revolution, 371.

LANGUAGES--Policy of the study of, 316.
The Indian languages, 326, 348, 580.

LAW, THE COMMON--No part of law of Federal government, 301, 306.

LAWS, MUNICIPAL--Derive their authority from the people, 302.

LAW, NATIONAL--Enemy's property in friend's vessel seizable, 24,
403, 408.
Arms are contraband, but government will not prohibit exportation
of, 87.

LEWIS, CAPTAIN M.--His expedition to explore west, 470, 492, 516, 540.

LIANCOURT, DUKE DE--A fugitive from French revolution, 145.

LITERATURE--Condition of literary men, 513.

LIVINGSTON, ROBERT R.--Secretaryship of Navy tendered him, 338.
Sent on mission to France, 360.

LOUISIANA--Its cession to France, 432, 435.
Efforts to purchase for U. S., 454, 457, 460.
Its acquisition, 494, 497, 503, 509, 510, 525.
Boundaries of, 498, 503, 539, 548, 550, 587.
Its unconstitutionality, 500, 503, 504, 506.
Cession of, opposed by Spain, 511.
Occupation of, 510, 514.
Organization of government of, 551, 558.

MADISON, JAMES--Jefferson wishes him to succeed Washington in
Presidency, 116, 117, 136, 150.
His report of debates in convention, 263.

MALTHUS--His work on population, 526, 527.

MARITIME JURISDICTION--Limits of, 73, 559.

MARSHALL, JOHN--His reception on return from mission to France, 249.

MESSAGES--Substituted for speeches, 426.

MILITIA--The discipline of, 469.

MINISTERS, FOREIGN--Their pay, 455.
Their right to import duty free, 588.

MONROE, JAMES--Jefferson advises him to come to Congress, 242.
Sent on special mission to France to negotiate for Louisiana and
Floridas, 454, 457, 460.

MONUMENTS--To living men objectionable, 335.

MOREAU, GEN.--His arrival in U. S., 584.

MORRIS, GOVERNEUR--Becomes unpopular in France, 93.

NEUTRALITY--Efforts to preserve it, 6.
Grounds on which proclamation of opposed, 18, 29.
Circumstances attending it, 18, 29, 30, 32.
Measures vindicating our neutrality, 18, 19, 27, 51, 55.
Violations of, by France, 27, 33, 45, 46, 55, 68.
Questions at issue between Genet and U. S., 34, 38, 41, 42, 43, 44.
Unlawful for the belligerents to arm and equip in our ports, 34.
In what cases our courts have jurisdiction over prizes, 38, 40.
Enemy's goods in neutral vessels liable to capture, 43.
Same rule extended to England as to other nations, though no
treaty with her, 57.
Violations of our neutrality by England, 59, 62.
What are the rights of neutral nations, 59.
Conditions of neutrality, 61.
Difference between England and France resulting from treaty, 65.
French prizes admitted, and English excluded by treaty, 66.
Right of vessels of belligerents to visit our ports, 66.
Territorial jurisdiction extends to the marine league, 75, 559.
In what cases our courts make restitution of prizes, 78.

NEW ENGLAND--Character of the people of, 247.

NEW ORLEANS--Difficulties in relation to rights of deposit at, 454,
457, 460.
Our policy in relation to, 483.

OFFICES--Principles on which distributed, 353, 368, 380, 391, 398,
402, 406, 451, 543.
Refuses offices to relations, 388.

PARTIES, POLITICAL--(See United States.)

PATRONAGE--(See Offices.)

PHILADELPHIA--The yellow fever there, 54, 64, 70, 74, 86.

PLOUGH--One invented by Mr. Jefferson, 147, 225.

POLYGRAPH--572.

POSTS, NORTH WESTERN--Failure of English to surrender, 95.

PRESIDENT--Has no power to change place of meeting of Congress, 72.
Removal of executive government to Germantown, 74, 86.

PRESIDENCY--Nominations for second Presidency, 100, 116, 150, 151,
153, 154.
Equality of vote between Burr and Jefferson, 340, 342, 344, 345,
349, 352, 354, 369.

PRESS--Freedom of, in U. S., 21.

PRIVATEERS--A merchant vessel armed for defence only is not a
privateer, 41.

PROCLAMATION OF NEUTRALITY--(See Neutrality.)

RANDOLPH, EDMUND--His character, 125.

RANDOLPH, JOHN--His relations to Jefferson's administration, 517.

RELIGION--Jefferson's views on, 422, 525.
His views on Christianity, 475, 477, 479.
His views of Jesus, 475, 477, 481.
Fastings and thanksgivings not proclaimed by him, 427.

REPUBLICAN PARTY--Split in, 591.

ROBBIN'S CASE--323, 324.

SEA LETTERS--To whom should be granted, 566.

SENATE--Functions of that body, 107.
J. Adams' views of, 215.

SHORT, WM.--His recall from Europe, 413.

SLAVES--Policy of emancipation, 196.
Numbers carried off by English at end of revolution, 96.
Plans of colonization, 420, 442.

SPAIN--Danger of war with, 7, 8, 16, 17, 21.
Summary of our relations with, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16.
Difficulties with, in respect to inciting Indians against us,
12, 13, 14.

SOCIETIES, DEMOCRATIC--Opposition of federalists to, 111, 133.
Efforts to suppress them, 111, 133.

STATE RIGHTS--Jefferson's views on, 331.

STEAM ENGINES--Employed to conduct water through houses, 296.

STEVENS, DR.--His case, 528.

ST. DOMINGO--Condition of fugitives from, 20.
Expulsion of whites from, 20.
Assistance rendered to, by United States, 49.
Condition of the Island, 251.

TALLEYRAND--His connection with the X. Y. Z. business, 436.

TREASURY--Financial reforms in, 428, 430.

TREATIES--Our policy in relation to, 552.
The unpopularity of Jay's treaty, 120.
Power of House of Representatives over, 125, 134, 135.
Passage of Jay's treaty, 148.

TURKEY, THE--A native of America, 346.

UNIVERSITY OF VIRGINIA--Its foundation, 313, 316, 462.

UNITED STATES--Excess of party spirit in, 176, 178, 184, 191,
241, 247, 286.
Danger of war with France, 178, 181, 183, 187.
State of parties in, 179, 184, 206, 224, 234, 246.
Preparations for war, 183, 185, 241.
Political complexion of different sections of U. S., 186, 246.
Importance of peace to, 187.
State of parties on question of war with France, 189, 190, 222,
227, 229, 239.
Majority against war, 190, 192, 210.
Our true policy in our foreign relations, 191, 414.
Proceedings in Congress, 205, 208, 210, 211, 237.
Political condition of, 256, 259, 265, 271, 281, 287, 295, 297,
300, 322, 328, 330.
Financial condition of, in 1798, 264, 277, 284.
Increase of Republican party, 288, 414, 437, 488.
Consolidation of republicans and moderate federalists under
Jefferson, 366, 367, 370, 378, 381, 382, 386, 389, 406, 437,
523, 542.
The political revolution of 1800, 373, 375, 376, 390, 425, 440,
467.
Relations with England and France, 586.

VIRGINIA--Profits of agriculture in, 3.
Height of mountains of, 147.
Proposition for State convention, 199.
Collection of statutes of, 128.
Loss of public documents of, 129.
Alteration in Notes on Virginia, 564.

WAR--Preparations for, 279, 283, 285, 290, 291, 299, 323.
Public opinion in relation to, 279, 295, 300.
War policy of J. Adams' administration, 290, 291, 298.
War unavoidable in Europe, 491.
Danger of war with France, 181, 183, 184, 185, 189, 233, 265, 277.

WASHINGTON, GEN.--Monument to, 82.
Influence of federalists over, 139, 140, 141.
His influence in the country, 169.
His relations with Jefferson, 142, 171.
Cost of Houdon's statue of, 310.
Monuments to great men while living objectionable, 335.

WASHINGTON CITY--Removal of government to, 201.

WEATHER--Extreme cold of, 1796-7, 157.

WEST, THE--Exploration of, by Captain Lewis, 470, 492, 516, 540.
Exploration of Red river, 577.

WINDS--Observations on, 159.

YELLOW FEVER--Its appearance at Philadelphia, 54, 64, 70, 74, 86.
Nature of, 570.