Chapter I: Front Matter

THREE STUDIES IN
LITERATURE

THREE STUDIES IN
LITERATURE

BY

LEWIS E. GATES

ASSISTANT PROFESSOR OF ENGLISH IN HARVARD
UNIVERSITY

New York
THE MACMILLAN COMPANY
LONDON: MACMILLAN & CO., LTD.
1899

_All rights reserved_

COPYRIGHT, 1899,
BY THE MACMILLAN COMPANY

Norwood Press
J. S. Cushing & Co.--Berwick & Smith
Norwood Mass. U.S.A.

NOTE

These Studies were originally introductory essays in volumes of selections from the prose writings of Jeffrey, Newman, and Arnold. The essay on Jeffrey has been rewritten and expanded. My thanks are due to Messrs. Ginn and Co. for the use of the essay on Jeffrey, and to Messrs. Henry Holt and Co. for leave to reprint the essays on Newman and Arnold.

DECEMBER 15, 1898.

CONTENTS

PAGE

FRANCIS JEFFREY 1

I. Jeffrey’s Reputation 1

II. General Characteristics 6

III. Literary Criticism 12

IV. _The Edinburgh Review_ 41

V. The New Editorial Policy 46

VI. The New Literary Form 54

VII. Conclusion 59

NEWMAN AS A PROSE-WRITER 64

I. Newman’s Manner and its Critics 64

II. The Rhetorician 72

III. Methods 82

IV. Irony 88

V. Style 92

VI. Additional Characteristics 98

VII. Relation to his Times 108

MATTHEW ARNOLD 124

I. Arnold’s Manner 124

II. Criticism of Life 129

III. Theory of Culture 139

IV. Ethical Bias 151

V. Literary Criticism 163

VI. Appreciations 171

VII. Style 180

VIII. Relation to his Times 200

FRANCIS JEFFREY