Chapter XXIV: Appendix: I (1)

Unit Citations

THE SECRETARY OF THE NAVY

WASHINGTON

The President of the United States takes pleasure in presenting the PRESIDENTIAL UNIT CITATION to the

FIRST MARINE DIVISION, REINFORCED

for service as set forth in the following CITATION:

“For extraordinary heroism and outstanding performance of duty
in action against enemy aggressor forces in the Chosin Reservoir
and Koto-ri area of Korea from 27 November to 11 December 1950.
When the full fury of the enemy counterattack struck both the
Eighth Army and the Tenth Corps on 27 and 28 November 1950, the
First Marine Division, Reinforced, operating as the left flank
division of the Tenth Corps, launched a daring assault westward
from Yudam-ni in an effort to cut the road and rail communications
of hostile forces attacking the Eighth Army and, at the same
time, continued its mission of protecting a vital main supply
route consisting of a tortuous mountain road running southward to
Chinhung-ni, approximately 35 miles distant. Ordered to withdraw to
Hamhung in company with attached army and other friendly units in
the face of tremendous pressure in the Chosin Reservoir area, the
Division began an epic battle against the bulk of the enemy Third
Route Army and, while small intermediate garrisons at Hagaru-ri
and Koto-ri held firmly against repeated and determined attacks by
hostile forces, gallantly fought its way successively to Hagaru-ri,
Koto-ri, Chinhung-ni and Hamburg over twisting, mountainous and
icy roads in sub-zero temperatures. Battling desperately night
and day in the face of almost insurmountable odds throughout a
period of two weeks of intense and sustained combat, the First
Marine Division, Reinforced, emerged from its ordeal as a fighting
unit with its wounded, with its guns and equipment and with its
prisoners, decisively defeating seven enemy divisions, together
with elements of three others, and inflicting major losses which
seriously impaired the military effectiveness of the hostile forces
for a considerable period of time. The valiant fighting spirit,
relentless perseverance and heroic fortitude of the officers and
men of the First Marine Division, Reinforced, in battle against
a vastly outnumbering enemy, were in keeping with the highest
traditions of the United States Naval Service.”

The following reinforcing units of the First Marine Division
participated in operations against enemy aggressor forces in Korea
from 27 November to 11 December 1950:

ORGANIC UNITS OF THE FIRST MARINE DIVISION: First Marine Division
(less Detachment Headquarters Battalion; Detachment First Signal
Battalion; Detachment First Service Battalion; Detachment
Headquarters and Companies A and C, First Tank Battalion;
Automotive Supply Company, First Motor Transport Battalion;
Automotive Maintenance Company, First Motor Transport Battalion;
Detachment First Ordnance Battalion; Detachment Headquarters and
Company A, First Medical Battalion; First Shore Party Battalion;
4.5″ Rocket Battery and Service Battery, Fourth Battalion, Eleventh
Marines).

ATTACHED MARINE CORPS UNITS: Companies A and B, Seventh Motor
Transport Battalion; Detachment Radio Relay Platoon.

ATTACHED ARMY UNITS: Provisional Battalion (Detachments, 31st and
32nd Regimental Combat Teams); Company D, 10th Engineer Combat
Battalion; Tank Company, 31st Infantry Regiment; Headquarters
Company, 31st Infantry Regiment; Company B, 1st Battalion, 31st
Infantry Regiment; 2nd Battalion, 31st Infantry Regiment (less
Company E); 185th Engineer Combat Battalion (less Company A).

For the President,

R. B. ANDERSON
_Secretary of the Navy_

GENERAL ORDERS DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY

No. 72 Washington 25, D. C., 9 August 1951

DISTINGUISHED UNIT CITATION

1. The 1st Marine Air Wing, Fleet Marine Force, is cited for outstanding performance of duty and extraordinary heroism in action against an armed enemy in the areas of Chosin Reservoir, Hagaru-ri, and Koto-ri, Korea, during the period 22 November to 14 December 1950. The historic role of close-support air missions flown by personnel on land and carrier based aircraft during the operations of the X Corps, United States Army, contributed immeasurably to the successful withdrawal of the X Corps when hordes of Chinese Communist and North Korean troops had encircled their positions endangering the entire operation. In their magnificent employment of close-support doctrine and in their exceedingly effective interdiction missions and night combat air patrols, the 1st Marine Air Wing flew 2,572 day and night sorties during this period, inflicting 10,313 enemy casualties and destroying 723 buildings, 144 vehicles, 17 tanks, 9 bridges, 4 locomotives, 3 command posts, 30 boxcars, 47 gun positions, and 19 supply, ammunition, and fuel dumps. These missions were flown over hazardous mountain terrain under extremely adverse weather conditions and in the face of intense enemy antiaircraft and small-arms fire. The normally ground-based Tactical Air Direction Center was ingeniously improvised into an airborne center in a C-54 aircraft without appreciable loss of efficiency in operations and the responsibility for controlling aircraft was assumed and accomplished in a remarkable manner through day and night operations by controlling personnel. Airborne tactical air coordinators also were established to supplement the airborne center to direct specific strikes in areas not under surveillance of ground control parties to the end that every available sortie was utilized to maximum effectiveness. In the evacuation of friendly casualties by cargo airplanes, the use of helicopters for rescue of air personnel shot down by the enemy and the evacuation of wounded, and the high state of aircraft availability maintained by ground personnel working under hazardous and extremely adverse conditions because of intense cold, personnel of the entire 1st Marine Air Wing displayed fortitude, courage, and marked esprit de corps. Although suffering a considerable loss of personnel and equipment during this trying period, the morale and effectiveness of the 1st Marine Air Wing were sustained at a constantly high level. The repeated acts of valor and gallantry by the officers and men of the 1st Marine Air Wing, Fleet Marine Force, and their enviable combat record reflect great credit on the members thereof and are in keeping with the highest traditions of the military service.

By order of the Secretary of the Army:

J. LAWTON COLLINS
Chief of Staff, United States Army

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Annexes
A G-1
B G-2
C G-3
D G-4
E Medical
F Special Services
G Legal
H Communications
I VMR-152
J Marine Air Group 33
Appendixes
A S-1
B S-2
C S-3
D S-4
E Communications
F Logistics
G Medical
H Public Information
I Buildings and Ground
J Ordnance
K Transportation
L Chaplain
M Electronics
N Photographic Unit
O Engineering
P Aerology
Q VMF-214
R VMF-212
S VMF-323
K Marine Air Group 12
Appendixes
A Personnel
B Intelligence
C Operations
D Logistics
E Supply
F VMF-311
G VMF-312
H VMF(N)-513
I VMF(N)-542
J MTACS-2
K MGCIS-1
L Engineering
M Ordnance
N Electronics
O Transportation
P Special Services
Q Mess
R Utilities
S Communications
T Medical
U Base Security
V Commanding Officer’s Comments

“SAR” File (Korea), HQMC Historical.

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----. Special Action Report for the Wonsan-Hamhung-Choshin (sic)
Reservoir Operation, 8 October-15 December 1950. 21 May 1951. 3
sections.

Annexes
A G-1
B G-2
C G-3
D G-4
E Adjutant
F Anti-tank
G Chaplain
H Chemical Warfare and Radiological Defense
I Dental
J Embarkation
K Engineer
L Headquarters Commandant
M Food Director
N Historical
O Inspector
P Legal
Q Medical
R Motor Transport
S Ordnance
T Post Exchange
U Public Information
V Signal
W Special Services
X Supply
Y Disbursing
Z Civil Affairs
AA Division Administration Center
BB Fire Support Coordination Center
CC Air and Air Observers
DD Naval Gunfire
EE Headquarters Battalion
FF 1st Service Battalion
GG 1st Signal Battalion
HH 1st Medical Battalion
II 1st Motor Transport Battalion
JJ 1st Amphibian Truck Company
LL 1st Ordnance Battalion
MM 1st Shore Party Battalion
NN 1st Engineer Battalion
OO 1st Tank Battalion
PP 1st Marines
QQ 5th Marines
RR 7th Marines
SS 11th Marines
TT 1st Amphibian Tractor Battalion
UU 1st Combat Service Group
VV 7th Motor Transport Battalion
WW VMO-6
XX Cold Weather Operations

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File, HQMC Historical.

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Index

Aid station, 192, 258, 316

Aircraft
Air Force and Navy Bombers, 143
AT-6 (Mosquito), 98, 349
B-26, 282
C-47, 69, 138, 246, 247, 278, 279, 281, 282, 308, 323
C-119, 191, 247, 282, 311
Carrier planes, 254
F4U (Corsair), 57, 67, 68, 70, 100, 102, 113, 118, 152, 156, 179,
193, 194, 218, 222, 224, 238, 255, 257, 263, 266, 268, 271,
287, 288, 290, 320, 347, 349
F-51 (Mustang), 190
HO3S-1 _See_ Helicopters.
L5G, 246, 351
Marine aircraft, 254, 264, 272
Mariners, 29
Navy planes, 325
Night fighters, 282
Observation planes (OY-2s), 66–69, 73, 152, 201, 202, 245, 246, 272,
288, 298, 305, 308, 351
R4D, 137, 138, 278, 279, 281, 282, 341, 349
R5D, 32, 191, 279, 296, 321, 349
Spotter plane, 154
Sunderlands, 29
TBM, 307, 349, 368
Transport planes, Marine, 191

Air drop, 68, 69, 191, 194, 243, 247, 250, 275, 277, 280, 282, 283,
306, 311, 322, 334, 349

Air Force, 311
Far East Air Forces (FEAF), 10, 35, 247
Combat Cargo Command, 32, 191, 247, 279, 281, 282, 349
Fifth Air Force, 34, 254, 287, 348, 350
Commanding general, 33
Headquarters, 33
RAAF Australian F-51s (Mustangs), 190

Air strikes, 56, 57, 109, 118, 147, 156, 224, 225, 230, 231, 238, 251,
258, 264, 265, 268, 271, 273, 288, 290, 320, 324, 326. _See
also_ Air Support.

Air strip
C-47, 149
OY strip (Yudam-ni), 253
OY strip (Hagaru), 137
OY strip (Majon-ni), 63

Air support, 54–56, 108, 109, 190, 194, 243, 253, 268, 286, 296, 302,
313, 320, 321, 339, 340, 343, 349, 350. _See also_
Air Strikes.
Breakout, 286, 287
Close, 70, 100, 102, 117, 152, 217, 254, 255, 263, 272, 286, 296,
299, 325, 348, 358
Evacuation, 278, 279, 281, 285, 308, 341
Observation, 163
Procedures, 33
Reconnaissance, 152, 163

Air operations, 349
Cargo, 349
Control, 348, 349
Air Defense Controllers, 348
Cover, 338
Innovations, 350
Problems, 347

Almond, Lt Gen Edward M., USA, 8–10, 10_n_, 11, 14, 15, 18, 24, 26,
29, 31, 32, 37–39, 54, 55, 57, 58, 76, 80, 82_n_, 90_n_, 98,
120, 126, 131, 132, 134, 134_n_, 137, 205, 238, 239, 250, 280,
285, 302, 308, 337, 340, 342, 343, 346, 339

Alvarez, SSgt. R. C, 183_n_, 257_n_, 266_n_, 288_n_

Ambushes, 70, 72

Ambush Alley, 62, 70, 72, 75, 77

Ammer, 1st Lt Henry G., 255

Ammunition, 194, 257, 259, 277, 282, 283, 285, 287, 302
Artillery, 160, 250, 254, 279
Bomb, 266
Mortar, 179, 201, 291, 324
Small arms, 144, 160

Amyotte, Cpl George A. J., 329, 330

Anbyon, 56, 59

Anderson, LtCol Berry K., USA, 245, 288

Anderson, LCdr Gustave T., (MC) USN, 307

Antung, Manchuria, 124

Anzio, 333

Arioli, Lt Peter E., (MC) USN, 264

Armor, body, 330

Armstrong, Capt Victor A., 34

Army, 247, 307

Army Units, U. S.
Eighth U. S. Army in Korea (EUSAK), 1, 3, 8, 10, 11, 14, 18, 26,
34–36, 43, 58, 63, 81, 82, 99, 118, 129, 132, 133, 142, 145,
146, 205, 238, 239, 277, 334, 337, 340, 345, 346, 350,
352, 355, 358
121st Army Evacuation Hospital, 189, 246
181st Counter Intelligence Corps team (CIC), 65
Fourth Signal Battalion, 127, 207, 290
Provisional Battalion, 245, 294, 296, 297, 312, 317, 318, 321, 324
Special Operations Company, 81, 126
IX Corps, 34, 35
X Corps, 1, 8–11, 14, 14_n_, 15, 18, 21–27, 33, 34, 36–38, 40–44,
59, 65, 75, 76, 81, 98, 125, 129, 131–134, 141, 143, 145, 147,
149, 188, 238, 240, 246, 280, 306, 308, 335–338, 340, 342,
352, 355, 357, 358
Command Post. _See_ Headquarters, X Corps, below.
Headquarters, 11, 29, 76, 98, 206, 340
Railway Transportation Section, 138
Tactical Air Command, (TAC X Corps), 31
1st Cavalry Division, 15, 34, 58, 82
2d Infantry Division, 36, 150
3d Infantry Division, 36, 43, 58, 59, 75, 76, 98, 126, 131, 136,
140, 145, 146, 308, 309, 326, 337–339, 342, 343
7th Infantry Division, 10, 14, 23, 24, 26, 58, 98, 123, 131, 135,
145, 146, 238, 288, 309, 333, 337, 339, 342, 352, 358
24th Infantry Division, 34
2d Engineer Special Brigade, 138, 139
187th Airborne RCT 34
7th Regimental Combat Team, 343
15th Regimental Combat Team, 343
1st Battalion, 74, 77
17th Regimental Combat Team, 75, 144
31st Infantry Regiment, 148, 205, 243, 288
Company B, 225, 226, 228, 229, 231, 232, 234
2d Battalion, 306, 312, 326, 328, 331
Tank Company, 326
32d Infantry Regiment, 243
1st Battalion, 140
65th Regimental Combat Team, 75, 126–128, 326, 327
2d Battalion, 127
10th Engineer Battalion, 235
Company D, 206, 213
185th Engineer Battalion, 311, 325
50th Antiaircraft Artillery (Automatic-weapons) Battalion, 315
57th Field Artillery Battalion, 243
92d Armored Field Artillery Battalion, 14, 309, 313, 316, 326
96th Field Artillery Battalion, 14, 126–128

Artillery, 73
Army, 340
Chinese Communist Forces, 206, 220
Marine, 108–110, 117, 118, 165, 178, 201, 202, 240, 266,
272, 287, 291
Support, 100, 147, 156, 179, 194, 208, 217, 220, 253, 255, 257, 258,
260, 287, 290, 296, 302, 320, 321, 325

Ascom City, 11

Audas, SSgt John D., 191

Austin, Capt Bernard L., 15

Avant, Maj Percy F., Jr., 299

Babe, 1stLt George A., 311

_Badoeng Strait_ (CVE), USS, 32, 286, 347

Ball, 1stLt Raymond O., 174

Banks, LtCol Charles L., 207, 214, 215, 241, 285, 322

Banks, Capt David W., 100, 103

Barber, Capt William E., 180, 190, 191, 193, 194, 200, 264, 265

Barr, MajGen David G., USA, 75, 84, 84_n_, 98, 238, 239, 288, 340

Barrett, Capt R. L., Jr., 208_n_, 209, 216_n_

Barrow, Capt Robert H., 49, 51_n_, 55_n_, 69, 70, 72, 221,
314–316, 320

Bartley, LtCol Whitman S., 279_n_, 305_n_, 306

_Bataan_ (CVL), USS, 287, 333, 334, 349

Bates, Maj W. L., Jr., 221_n_, 222, 314_n_, 321, 355

Batterton, Col Boeker C., 342

_Bayfield_ (APA), USS, 25, 31, 341

Beaches
Hungnam
BLUE, 343
GREEN, 340, 343
PINK, 343
YELLOW, 342
Wonson
BLUE, 22, 31, 39, 40
RED, 26
YELLOW, 22, 31, 39, 40, 45

Beall, LtCol Olin L., 99, 160, 180, 244, 245, 285

Bear, 120

Beech, Keyes, 192, 194, 323

Beeler, 1stLt James D., 68

Belleau Wood, 302

Belli, 1stLt George S., 46_n_, 48, 51, 52, 57

Benson, Pfc Robert F., 181

Betts, 1stLt Harrison F., 210, 216

Bey, 1stLt R. T., 100_n_, 104_n_, 108, 108_n_, 167, 168, 172, 183_n_, 186

Beyes, 1stLt Warren J., 107_n_

Blanchard, LtCol Robert M., USA, 74

Blancheri, 1stLt Howard A., 222

Blankenship, Capt C. P., 244_n_

Blasingame, Capt Hersel D. C., 69, 311

Blatt, Capt Wallace D., 34

Blocking and Escort Force, United Nations, 27

Blumenson, Capt Martin, USA, 8_n_, 11_n_, 243_n_

Booby trap, 43, 71

Boley, 2dLt James J., 209

Borgomainero, SSgt Russell J., 164

Bott, 2dLt Kenneth A., 67

Bowman, Lt George, 263_n_

Bowser, Col Alpha L., 26_n_, 38_n_, 39_n_, 43_n_, 54, 60, 89_n_,
92_n_, 100_n_, 136, 205, 206, 213, 311

_Boxer_ (CV), USS, 17, 25

Bradley, 1stLt Bobbie B., 318

Bradley, Gen O. N., USA, 35_n_

Breakout
Logistics, 247
Plans, 238, 239, 250, 251

Bridge, 274, 286, 296, 297, 302
M-2 Steel Treadway, 311, 319, 329–331

Bridges, Maj David W., 46_n_, 49, 49_n_, 50_n_, 51_n_, 314_n_,
321_n_, 325_n_

Brower, Col. James H., 40, 220, 247_n_

_Brush_ (DD), USS, 27

Brzezinski, Maj Henry, 40

Buck, 1stLt John A., 226_n_, 232, 234

Bunkers, Chinese Communist Forces, 315, 316, 320, 325

Burke, 1stLt John L., Jr., 207

Cafferatta, Pvt Hector A., 181

Cahill, 2dLt John H., 167, 182, 270

Camaratta, 2dLt August L., 270

Camp Lejeune, 330_n_

Canney, Maj John J., 171

Canzona, 1stLt N. A., 215_n_, 219, 235, 238, 241, 300_n_, 327, 331_n_

Capraro, Capt M. J., 226_n_, 229_n_, 232, 234

Carey, 2dLt Richard E., 202, 203, 220_n_, 235_n_, 241_n_, 326

Carlon, 1stLt Francis B., 49–51

Carlson, CWO Allen, 275

Caruso, Sgt Matthew, 297

Cashion, 2dLt Dana B., 182, 182_n_

Casualties
Army, U. S., 74, 81, 127, 214, 243–245, 306_n_, 343
Chinese Communist Forces, 108–110, 112, 117, 121, 147, 164, 166,
168, 174, 181–183, 186, 188, 190, 194, 222, 224, 226, 241,
242, 263, 266, 290, 293, 294, 299, 306, 315, 316, 320, 324,
351, 354, 355
Enemy losses, 118
Evacuation, 55, 57, 138, 139, 245, 246, 253, 305, 307, 319, 334, 349
Control Officer, 339
Marine, 51, 52, 54, 57, 70, 72, 73, 74, 75, 100, 102, 109, 116–118,
121, 124, 127, 157, 166, 168, 174, 178, 179, 181, 182, 186,
188, 190–192, 194, 201, 210, 216, 219, 224, 225, 234, 240–243,
245, 247, 258, 264, 265, 272, 275, 278–281, 284, 290, 291,
293, 298, 299, 302, 303, 306–308, 315, 316, 319, 323, 325,
328, 330–332, 351, 385
Casualty list, 57
North Korean (NKPA), 51, 53, 70, 72, 73
Personnel losses, 69
Republic of Korea Army, 214

Catania, Lt Alfred J., 226_n_

Cates, Gen Clifton B., 133, 134_n_, 359

_Ceylon_ (CL), HMS, 28

Chabek, 1stLt Jack A., 179

Challacombe, Capt Arthur D., 266

Chamberlain, J., 35_n_

Chambers 1stLt George C, 49, 52

Chandler, 1stLt J. B., 294_n_

Changjin, 44, 96, 99, 132, 134, 135, 200, 204, 230, 286

_Chatterer_ (AMS), USS, 27

Cherisophus, 357

Chiang Kai-shek, 83, 84

Chidester, LtCol Arthur A., 231, 234, 283

Chigyong, 77, 80–82, 124, 126, 128, 136, 140, 147, 197, 204, 205, 335

Chiles, LtCol John H., USA, 135, 145

China, 3, 5, 7
Central Committee, 85
Civil War, 83–85
“Hate America” campaign, 91
Intervention, 35, 131
Kiangsi Province (South China), 83
North China, Occupation by Marines, 85
People’s Revolutionary Military Council, 86
“Resist America, Aid Korea” movement, 90
Seventh Party Congress, 85

Chinese Communist Forces, 5, 81, 85, 98, 99, 129, 203
Assault, 168
Bugle calls, 104
Bunkers. _See_ Bunkers.
Command Post, 315
Counterstroke, 146
Entrenchment, 156, 157
Equipment, 88
Fortifications, 157
Intervention, 128, 129, 142, 143
Jet fighters, 142
Logistics, 88, 93, 353
“Long March”, 83
Organization, 85, 86, 88
People’s Liberation Army (PLA), 83–85
Plans, 353
Rank, 88
Recruiting, 87
Reinforcements, 296
Roadblock, 109
Strategic concepts, 90
Strategy, 91
Strong point, 325
Tactics, 89, 91–94, 354
Training, 87
Troops, 79, 98
Uniforms, 89
Units
3d Field Army, 161, 352, 356
4th Field Army, 99, 352, 355
9th Army Group, 161, 352, 354–356, 358
20th Army, 149, 352–355
24th Army, 352
26th Army, 313, 352–355
27th Army, 352, 354, 355
30th Army, 352
32d Army, 313, 352
42d Army, 82, 99, 352
58th Division, 149, 220, 242, 285, 326, 352
59th Division, 149, 161, 242, 285, 352
60th Division, 149, 225, 285, 313, 352
70th Division, 352
76th Division, 352
77th Division, 286, 313, 352, 355
78th Division, 286, 313, 352
79th Division, 161, 167, 171, 178, 266, 285, 352
80th Division, 285, 352
81st Division, 352
89th Division, 161, 167, 178, 187, 285, 313, 352
94th Division, 313, 352
124th Division, 82, 99, 105, 110, 118, 120, 352
125th Division, 99, 332
126th Division, 99, 123, 167, 332
172d Regiment, 220, 242
173d Regiment, 220, 242
174th Regiment, 220, 242
176th Regiment, 242
179th Regiment, 225
235th Regiment, 167, 168, 172, 174, 184, 185, 186, 266
236th Regiment, 167, 168, 170, 174, 187
237th Regiment, 167, 170
267th Regiment, 167
370th Regiment, 99, 103, 107, 110
371st Regiment, 103, 104, 107, 110
372d Regiment, 103, 110
Chinese Nationalists, 84, 85

Chinhung-ni, 96, 98, 110, 112–114, 116, 117, 120, 124, 133–141,
146–149, 202, 221, 284, 303, 307–309, 312–314, 323–327, 331,
333, 333, 341, 330
Tank Battle, 113

Chinnampo, 8, 27, 34

Chonchon-ni, 52, 33, 37

Chongjin, 28, 44, 45, 76, 132, 145

Chongju, 9

Chongsanjangsi, 36–38

Chou En-Lai, 7

Chorwon, 35

Chosin, 38
Campaign, 346, 348, 336
Plans, 38
Results, 356–339
Reservoir, 82, 96, 98, 99, 110, 116, 117, 120, 123, 124, 132, 133,
137, 139, 145–149, 151, 198, 205, 238, 239, 266, 309, 350, 352
Withdrawal from. _See_ Breakout.

Cho Il Kwon, Col (NKPA), 50

Chuchonhujang, 132

CIC, 66, 70, 71, 73, 202, 203

Civil affairs, 65, 66, 73

Clark, Maj Albert L, 299

Clark, 1stLt Truman, 299, 307

Clearing stations, 139, 210, 211, 246, 307

Clements, 1stLt Leonard M., 174

Clothing, cold weather, 58, 80, 281

Cochran, Maj Robert L., 107, 117

Codispoti, Capt Gildo S., 224

Coffman, 2dLt Harold L., 69, 71_n_

Cole, LtCol J. Frank, 68

_Collett_ (DD), USS, 28

Collins, Capt E. E., 172_n_, 183_n_, 186_n_

Collins, Gen J. Lawton, USA, 5, 359

Colmery, 1stLt Harry W., 217

Command Post. _See_ Unit concerned.

Commander in Chief Far East (CinCFE). _See_ General of the Army
Douglas MacArthur, USA.

Commander in Chief Pacific Fleet (CinCPacFlt). _See_ Adm Arthur W.
Radford, USN.

Commander Joint Task Force 7 (CJTF-7). _See_ VAdm A. D. Struble, USN.

Commiskey, 2dLt Henry A., 49

Communications, 210, 349
Wire, 282

Composite battalion, 251

Condit, Kenneth W., 32_n_, 138_n_

Conference, 33

Connell, Capt H. G., 100_n_, 103

_Consolation_ (AH), USS, 139, 246

Convoy, 43, 48, 70, 74, 73, 231, 235, 272, 274, 286
Enemy, 116
Motor, 38, 59, 62, 77, 149, 180, 200, 318
Supply, 68

Cook, Col John H., Jr., 40

Cooke, Capt Leroy M., 154, 165

Cool, Capt William C, 339

Coon, Cpl G. L., 294_n_

Cooney, Capt Thomas E., 118, 120, 154, 157_n_

Corbet, 2dLt R. H., 184

Corley, Capt Clarence E., Jr., 66, 67, 71_n_, 73_n_, 201, 204_n_,
208_n_, 208–211, 216

Corman, Capt Otis W. S., 117

Correspondents, press, 281, 282, 322

Craig, BrigGen Edward A., 45_n_, 54_n_, 55, 55_n_, 56, 56_n_, 76_n_,
125, 125_n_, 137, 285, 340, 345

Craven, LCdr John H., USN, 121_n_, 172_n_, 272, 278

Craven, 1stLt William A., 49

Cronin, Maj Angus J., 274

Cronk, Capt Welby W., 224

Crossman, 1stLt Ralph B., 82, 99, 109, 112_n_, 114_n_, 116_n_, 329

Crowe, LtCol Henry P., 40, 338, 339

Crutchfield, 2dLt James L., 68

Counter Intelligence Corps. _See_ CIC.

Cushman, BrigGen Thomas J., 286, 342

D-Day (Wonsan Landing), 11

Dairen, 142

Dakyns, Henry C., 357_n_

Damnation Battalion, 251

Dana, 1stLt C. C., 180_n_, 190_n_

Danford, SSgt R. R., 180_n_, 190_n_

Davidson, Sgt Charles V., 240

Davis, Maj Daniel H., 107

Davis, Sgt K. E., 208_n_, 210

Davis, LtCol Raymond G., 80_n_, 99, 99_n_, 100, 103, 103_n_, 104, 106,
108_n_, 112, 112_n_, 121_n_, 148, 149, 178, 190, 254_n_, 257,
258, 259_n_, 260, 261, 263, 264, 270–273, 294, 317

Davis, Capt W. J., 100, 100_n_, 103_n_, 116_n_, 259_n_, 264

Dawe, 2dLt Harold L., 187

Degernes, 2dLt Mayhlon, L., 208, 209

Delong, 1stLt Earl R., 108, 109

Demolitions, 302
Teams, 301
C3 explosive, 208

DeMott, Pfc Robert D., 329, 330

Dennis, 1stLt Carl E., 236

Denny, 2dLt Paul E., 165

Derevyanko, LtGen Kuzma, (USSR), 90

Dickerson, Sgt C W., 229_n_

Dirst, WO Lloyd V., 231

Dolcater, Capt Max W., USA, 74_n_, 76_n_, 77_n_, 126_n_, 127_n_, 309_n_

Dowsett, LtCol Frederick W., 114_n_, 121_n_, 297, 317

Doyle, RAdm James H., USN, 15, 23–25, 29–31, 38, 76, 134, 240, 336,
337, 341, 342_n_, 345, 359
Amphibious Group, 18

Doyle, Capt R. A., 67_n_, 68_n_

_Doyle_ (DMS), USS, 27

Drury, Clifford M., 40_n_

Drysdale, LtCol Douglas B., RM., 140, 225, 226, 228–231, 235, 300

Duffy, 1stLt Leroy M., 63, 64

Duke, Capt Irving T., 15

Dumps, 138
Ammunition, 215, 343
Enemy, 117
RCT-7, 140
Supply, 41, 46, 48, 160, 195, 197, 214, 282, 285
Area, 241
Medical, 139, 149
ROK, 44, 54

Duncan, David, 322

Dunkerque, 334

Dunkirk, 333, 345

Dunne, 1stLt John M., 180

Durham, Maj Thomas A., 171

Dyer, BrigGen E. C., 387_n_

Dysentery, 30

Eagan, Maj James K., 231, 234_n_

Earney, Maj W. R., 103_n_, 107_n_, 116_n_, 120_n_, 193_n_, 251, 266_n_

Eberle, MajGen George L., USA, 10, 11_n_

Edwards, LtCol H. W., 29_n_

Elledge, 1stLt Raymond J., 113

_Endicott_ (DMS), USS, 27

Endsley, 2dLt Wendell C., 208, 209

Enemy, 74

Engineers, 263, 279, 293, 302, 324
Army, 311
Demolitions crew, 257

_English_ (DD), USS, 56

Englehardt, 1stLt Floyd J., 191, 246

Estess, Sgt M. L., 229_n_

Ewen, RAdm Edward C., USN, 15

Faber, TSgt Don, 270

Faith, LtCol Don C., USA, 243, 244

Far East Command. _See_ General of the Army Douglas MacArthur.
General Headquarters, 5, 8, 22
Joint Special Plans and Operations Group (JSPOG), 8, 9, 11, 13, 22, 23

Farish, Capt George B., 57, 246

Farmer, 1stLt Chester B., 52

Feehan, LtCol Harvey A., 156, 250, 274

Fisher, 1stLt Joseph R., 66, 200, 204_n_, 208, 209, 216, 240

Fisher, Sgt Robert, 52

Fleischaker, Lt Robert J., (MC) USN, 67

Floodlights, 210, 247

Forney, Col Edward H., 98, 239, 281, 308, 336, 338, 339

Forrest, 1stLt Shelby M., 107

Forward Air Controller (FAC), 53, 67, 70, 113, 193, 255, 263, 265,
288, 294, 306, 346, 349

Forward Observer (FO) team, 67

Foster, Sgt Charles, 118

Foster, Pvt Richard J., 127_n_

France, Capt Donald R., 297

Frederick, Capt Charles D., 72

Freeman, Capt A. Z., 159_n_, 180_n_

Fridrich, LtCol R. V., 254_n_, 259_n_, 260, 264_n_

Frostbite, 351, 354

Fuel, 275, 285
Diesel oil, 282
Gasoline, 277, 282

Funchilin Pass, 96, 110, 112, 114, 116, 117, 120, 121, 312–314, 317, 320

Fusen Reservoir, 38, 99, 123

Gall, Maj W., 329

Gallo, SSgt Saverio P., 202

Gastro-enteritis, 30

GCA, 348

Geer, LtCol Andrew, 62_n_, 73_n_, 103_n_, 107_n_, 112_n_, 116_n_,
120_n_, 179_n_, 186_n_, 187_n_, 189_n_, 190_n_, 271_n_,
288_n_, 314_n_, 318_n_

_George Clymer_ (APA), USS, 25

Giusti, Ernest H., 32_n_

Godolphin, F. R. B., 357_n_

Goggin, 1stLt W. F., 100_n_, 108_n_, 109_n_, 110_n_, 120, 120_n_

Golden, Pfc Jack, 67

Goss, 2dLt Harvey A., 67

Gottschalk, Maj Vincent J., 34, 68_n_, 245, 350

Gould, Capt William R., 300–302, 330

Graeber, 1stLt William C., 81, 99_n_, 100_n_, 103_n_, 106

Grayson, MSgt E. F., 229_n_

Greene, 1stLt Daniel, 255, 263

Griffen, Lt (jg) Cornelius J., (ChC) USN, 297

Groff, Capt Goodwin C., 224

Ground Control Approach. _See_ GCA.

Guadalcanal, 302

Guerrillas, 59, 67, 70–72, 74, 81, 82, 125–128, 145, 326
First Raid on MSR, 81

Gugeler, Capt Russel A., USA, 243_n_

Hagaru, 96, 98, 117, 121, 124, 131, 134–141, 146–149, 151, 159–161,
178, 180, 189, 191, 193, 195, 197, 198, 200–205, 206_n_,
207–211, 213–220, 222, 225, 229–231, 235, 238–247, 249, 250,
254, 260, 262, 270, 271, 273, 274, 277, 278, 280–283, 285–291,
293, 294, 298, 305–309, 311, 313, 319, 324, 326, 333, 334,
349, 350, 353, 355
Airstrip, 134, 137, 138, 195, 197, 200, 210, 219, 235, 246,
247, 281, 302
Breakout, 287, 288, 294, 296–302
Air cover, 286, 287
Demolitions, 301
Plans, 283–286, 294
Destruction of excess material, 285
Intelligence, 202–204, 206, 285
Medical, 278, 279
Military government, 202, 203

Hall, 2dLt Wayne L., 208, 209

Hamhung, 7, 18, 38, 41, 45, 58, 59, 76, 77, 79–82, 95, 96, 98, 99,
125–128, 131, 133–138, 146, 150, 201, 205, 239, 246, 280, 304,
312, 332, 333, 338, 342, 346, 348, 355

Han River, 15

Hancock, 1stLt John R., 257, 293

Hangkow, 85

_Hank_ (DD), USS, 56

Hapsu, 132, 145

Hargett, 1stLt Ernest C., 112, 116, 328, 329_n_, 330

Harmon, Capt Lester G., 69

Harriman, Averell, 35_n_

Harris, MajGen Field, 31, 33, 137, 165_n_, 239, 350

Harris, 1stLt H. H., 103_n_, 116, 116_n_, 117, 118, 120_n_,
165, 166, 258

Harris, LtCol William F., 165, 257, 272, 297

Harrison, TSgt C. L., 229_n_

Harrison, Col C. W., 2_n_, 81_n_

Harrison, CWO Willie S., 300, 330

Hartman, RAdm Charles C., USN, 15

Hawkins, LtCol Jack, 44_n_, 46, 48, 48_n_, 49, 51_n_, 53_n_, 54_n_,
55, 55_n_, 58, 58_n_

Heater, Capt James B., 293

_Helena_ (CA), USS, 28

Helicopters, 54, 56–58, 68, 72, 104, 117, 125, 147–150, 191, 195, 205,
245, 254, 285, 288, 325, 351
HO3S-1, 202, 246, 351
HMX-1, 351

Hell Fire Valley, 230, 296, 297, 299, 302. _See also_ Task
Force, Drysdale.

Henderson, Col Frederick P., 323

Henderson, RAdm George R., USN, 15

Henneberger, Capt Harry G. C., 107

Hering, Capt Eugene R., (MC) USN, 245, 278, 279, 307

Hermanson, Capt Chester R., 255, 257

Hickey, MajGen Doyle O., USA, 9, 10, 11_n_, 205, 309

Highway, 95

Higginbotham, Capt S. W., 294_n_, 299_n_

Higgins, RAdm John M., USN, 337

Higgins, Marguerite, 281, 323

Hill D, 312. _See also_ Hill 1457.

Hill, East, 204–207, 213–220, 240–242, 286, 288, 290, 291, 293,
301, 303, 326

Hill, Fox, 180–182, 190, 191, 194, 201, 202, 204, 254, 264, 270

Hill, How, 114, 120. _See also_ Hill 891.

Hill 109----49, 51, 52, 57

Hill 117----49, 53, 55

Hill 185----49, 51, 52

Hill 532----103

Hill 698----100, 102, 103, 103_n_, 104, 105, 107–109, 112

Hill 727----103–105, 107, 108, 112

Hill 891----110, 114, 116, 117, 117_n_, 118–120

Hill 987----110, 114, 116, 117, 117_n_, 118, 120

Hill 1081----312–316, 320, 321, 324–326, 328

Hill 1100----257

Hill 1167----158, 168, 253

Hill 1182----228, 232

Hill 1236----226, 232

Hill 1240----158, 160, 167, 168, 170, 174, 177, 178, 183, 187,
189, 253, 257

Hill 1276----159, 253, 257, 265, 268

Hill 1282----158, 160, 167, 168, 170, 172, 174, 177, 178, 183–187,
251, 253, 255, 257. _See also_ Ridge, North.

Hill 1294----159, 253

Hill 1304----117_n_, 318, 321

Hill 1328----312, 317, 318, 327

Hill 1384----158, 167, 170, 171, 182

Hill 1403----152, 154, 156–158, 165, 166, 170, 183, 187, 188

Hill 1419----178, 179, 257–259

Hill 1426----154, 157, 159, 253

Hill 1457----312, 317, 318, 321, 328, 329

Hill 1520----261–264, 268

Hill 1542----257, 258, 266–268

Hill 1653----190, 263, 264

Hinds, 1stLt John R., 290

Hodes, BrigGen Henry I., USA, 238, 243

Hoffstetter, Pfc Donald O., 67

Holland, 1stLt Dan C., 100_n_, 103, 113

Holloway, LCdr Charles K., USN, 99

Holmes, 1stLt Donald M., 65

Honeycutt, 1stLt J. H., 288_n_, 291

Hood, Maj H. E., 282_n_, 296

Hope, Bob, 31

Hopkins, 2dLt Frederick W., 65, 236, 241

Hospelhorn, Capt Cecil W., USA, 311

Hospital, 139, 197, 281

House, 1stLt Arthur E., 257

Hovatter, 1stLt Eugenous M., 220, 258, 259_n_, 260, 264, 321

Hubbell, J. C., 327_n_

Huchanggangu, 132

Huichon, 132, 133, 146, 149

Huksu-ri, 109, 116_n_, 123, 131, 135, 140, 147, 149

Hull, Capt Milton A., 100_n_, 102, 102_n_, 108, 108_n_, 109, 154_n_,
167_n_, 172_n_, 174, 187

Hungmun-ni, 201

Hungnam, 9, 22, 23, 58, 75, 76, 95, 96, 109, 125, 126, 131, 136, 138,
139, 141, 148, 150, 200, 205, 246, 281, 305, 325, 327, 332,
333, 335, 336, 338, 345, 346, 348, 357
Cemetery, 341
Evacuation, 338–343, 349
Plans, 335–337
Warnings, 239
Mine clearance, 135
Redeployment, 338, 355, 359
Withdrawal to. _See_ Breakout.

Hwachon, 35

Hyesanjin, 98, 132, 144

Imjin, 62, 64, 66, 74

Inchon, 10, 11, 13–15, 17, 18, 21–27, 33, 143, 336, 340, 346
Amphibious assault, 1
Landing, 3, 5, 343
Inchon-Seoul Operation, 10, 11_n_, 14, 281

_Incredible_ (AM) USS, 27

Indigestion, 351

Itami, 287, 342

Iwo Jima, 302

Iwon, 58, 75

Jaeger, 2dLt John W., 236

Japan, 36, 43, 247, 279, 281, 311
Logistical command, 10

Jaskilka, Capt Samuel, 161_n_, 164, 165_n_, 166, 188_n_, 293

Jennings, 1stLt William E., 107_n_

Jessup, Ambassador Philip, 35_n_

Jeter, 1stLt Manning T., Jr., 288

Jochums, 1stLt Robert E., 217, 218, 235_n_

Johnson, Capt David G., 288

Johnson, 1stLt Horace L., Jr., 210, 211, 216

Johnson, Cdr Howard A., (MC) USN, 308

Johnson, Secretary of Defense Louis, 5

Johnson, 1stLt Richard M., 290

Johnson, 1stLt William E., 118, 267

Joint Chiefs of Staff (JCS), 5–9, 37, 128, 129

Joint Eighth Army-Fifth Air Force Operations Center (JOC), 348

Joint Special Plans and Operations Group (JSPOG). _See_ Far
East Command.

Jones, Capt Clovis M., 205

Jones, 2dLt Donald R., 70, 316, 320

Jones, SSgt Donald T., 105

Jones, TSgt H. T., 72

Jones, Capt Jack R., 183, 184, 186, 293

Joy, VAdm C. Turner, USN, 10, 13, 23, 25, 27, 43, 134, 140, 239, 336,
337, 345, 348, 359

Kaesong, 9, 15, 34

Kalma Peninsula, 17, 18, 22, 26, 39, 40

Kanggye, 97, 132–134, 146

Karig, Walter, 23_n_, 27_n_, 28_n_, 29_n_, 142_n_

Katsuma, 58

Kaufer, 1stLt Edward E., 49

Keeton, Sgt E. J., 229_n_

Kerr, Capt William A., 224

Kerrigan, Maj W. E., 172_n_

Kiernan, Capt J. I., Jr., 53_n_, 244_n_

Kiesling, Cpl Curtis J., 179

Kiester, 1stLt K. E., 244_n_

Kim Il Sung, 7

Kimpo, 32, 34

King, Capt George W., 219

Kite (AMS), USS, 27

Klepsig, Cpl D. E., 327_n_

Knox, TSgt Edwin L., 268, 270, 271

Kobe, 32

Kogae-gol, 148

Koingdong, 36

Kojo, 33, 38, 39, 44–46, 48–59, 76, 131
Marine positions, 48
Railroad station, 48

Korea, 359
North, 8, 37
Entry into, 7
Orders, 5, 6, 89
Plans, 7–10
Political considerations, 2–5
North Korean People’s Republic, 3
People’s Political Council, 83
People’s Army (NKPA), 1–3, 5–7, 34, 43, 46, 50, 53, 54, 59, 63,
65, 66, 71, 79, 83, 100, 110, 125, 129, 146
Prisoners of War, 40, 65, 71, 72, 74, 124
Units
2d Division, 50
5th Division, 50, 55
10th Division, 50
15th Division, 66, 74
10th Regiment, 49, 50
45th Regiment, 66, 71, 73
48th Regiment, 66
50th Regiment, 66
344th Tank Regiment, 105, 110, 114
South
Republic of Korea, 2, 3, 90
Army (ROKA), 3, 9, 22, 36, 37, 100, 213, 214, 342
Units
I Corps, 22, 26, 38, 44, 58, 75, 131, 145, 337
II Corps, 15, 146, 150
Capital Division, 22, 35, 38
1st Division, 34
3d Division, 22, 38, 339
6th Division, 35, 81, 144_n_
7th Division, 35
8th Division, 35
18th Regiment, 123
22d Regiment, 2d Battalion, 46
26th Regiment, 61, 81, 98, 99, 128, 131, 140
101st Engineer Group (C), 44
Navy. _See_ ships.
Marine Corps (KMC), 73
1st Regiment, 58, 59, 131, 337, 338
1st Battalion, 45
3d Battalion, 22, 73, 76
5th Battalion, 22, 45, 56, 58, 76
Police, 307

Koto-ri, 80_n_, 82, 96, 98, 117, 120, 121, 123, 124, 135–137, 139–141,
146–148, 201, 204, 205, 220, 222, 224–226, 228, 229, 231, 232,
234, 235, 239, 245, 282–284, 286–288, 295–298, 300, 302, 303,
305–309, 311, 312, 319, 323, 335, 355
Airstrip (OY), 224, 279, 305, 307, 308
Air support, 307
Breakout air support plans, 313
Breakout, 314–331
Bridge, 309, 311, 312, 319, 322, 323
Intelligence, 313
Mass burial, 319
Plans, 308, 309, 312–314, 325, 326
Medical, 307, 308

Kowon, 126, 128

Krabbe, 2dLt Donald J., 156

Kraince, 1stLt F. R., 329_n_

Krieg, 1stLt Elmer A., 165

Krulak, Col Victor H., 58

Kulbes, Capt Philip A., 213

Kumwha, 35

Kunuri, 9, 35

Kuokka, Maj H. D., 287_n_, 347_n_

Kuomintang, 83

Kurcaba, 1stLt Joseph R., 260, 264, 265, 270, 318

Kyolmul-ni, 139, 141

Landing Signal Officer, Carrier, 306, 307

Lavoie, LtCol Leon F., USA, 316

Lawrence, Maj James F., 82

Lee, Lt Chew Een, 318

Lee, Maj Christian C., 296, 299

Lee, Feng Hsi, 185

Lee, Doctor Tong Kak, 243_n_

Leeds, Cpl Joseph, 316

Lessenden, LCdr Chester M. (MC) USN, 192, 278

Lett, Cpl C. P., 330

_Leyte Gulf_ (CV), USS, 17, 28, 286

Lice, 315

Lin Pao, 161

Lipscomb, 1stLt W. R., 244_n_

Litters, 259

Litzenberg, Col Homer L., 39, 80_n_, 82, 98, 99, 100_n_, 102, 103,
103_n_, 104, 107, 108_n_, 109, 110, 114, 116, 116_n_, 117,
118, 120, 121, 121_n_, 148_n_, 152, 160, 170_n_, 178, 188,
189, 193, 201, 249, 250_n_, 251_n_, 253, 254_n_, 258, 259_n_,
264_n_, 266_n_, 267_n_, 271, 272, 285, 287_n_, 288, 293,
294_n_, 296, 312, 317
Command Post, 117

Liu Sheng Hsi, 185

Lockwood, LtCol Randolph, 160, 198, 201, 207, 296, 297, 317, 324

Lodge, Capt O. R., 274

Longstaff, 1stLt Robert A., 246

Lorigan, Maj Robert E., 44_n_, 54_n_, 205, 225, 226_n_

Mabry, Maj Clarence J., 225

MacArthur, General of the Army Douglas, USA, 2, 3, 5, 6, 6_n_, 7–11,
11_n_, 14, 22, 23, 34–36, 36_n_, 37, 38, 43, 129, 131, 132,
133, 144, 146, 205, 334, 340, 345, 346, 358
Communique of 24 November, 144

MacLean, Col Allan D., USA, 243

_Maddox_ (DD), USS, 28

_Marine Phoenix_ (T-AP), USNS, 30

Magness, 2dLt B. L., 184

Main Supply Route (MSR), 95, 96, 98, 100, 103–106, 108–110, 114, 116,
118, 120, 123, 124, 133, 140, 141, 146–149, 154, 156, 159,
161, 163, 171, 178–182, 189, 193, 197, 202, 213, 221, 224,
239, 249, 250, 253, 254, 257, 261–263, 267, 268, 272, 274,
275, 283, 294, 296, 297, 312–315, 317, 318, 321, 324–329
Near Sudong, 3 November, 106
Wonsan to Hamhung, 79

Majon-dong, 82, 96, 99, 100, 116_n_, 124, 135–137, 139, 141, 228, 284,
326, 327, 331

Majon-ni, 44, 56, 61–74, 126, 202, 203
Logistics, 68

Manchuria, 6, 9, 34, 36, 37, 79, 80, 84, 85, 129, 142

Manpojin, 132, 133, 146

Mao Tse-tung, 70, 83, 84, 86, 89, 90, 90_n_, 91_n_
Strategic Aims, 89
Moscow, December of 1949, 90